-CITE- 2 USC CHAPTER 14 - FEDERAL ELECTION CAMPAIGNS 01/03/2007 -EXPCITE- TITLE 2 - THE CONGRESS CHAPTER 14 - FEDERAL ELECTION CAMPAIGNS -HEAD- CHAPTER 14 - FEDERAL ELECTION CAMPAIGNS -MISC1- SUBCHAPTER I - DISCLOSURE OF FEDERAL CAMPAIGN FUNDS Sec. 431. Definitions. 432. Organization of political committees. 433. Registration of political committees. 434. Reporting requirements. 435, 436. Repealed. 437. Reports on convention financing. 437a, 437b. Repealed. 437c. Federal Election Commission. 437d. Powers of Commission. 437e. Repealed. 437f. Advisory opinions. 437g. Enforcement. 437h. Judicial review. 438. Administrative provisions. 438a. Maintenance of website of election reports. 439. Statements filed with State officers; "appropriate State" defined; duties of State officers; waiver of duplicate filing requirement for States with electronic access. 439a. Use of contributed amounts for certain purposes. 439b. Repealed. 439c. Authorization of appropriations. 440, 441. Repealed. 441a. Limitations on contributions and expenditures. 441a-1. Modification of certain limits for House candidates in response to personal fund expenditures of opponents. 441b. Contributions or expenditures by national banks, corporations, or labor organizations. 441c. Contributions by government contractors. 441d. Publication and distribution of statements and solicitations. 441e. Contributions and donations by foreign nationals. 441f. Contributions in name of another prohibited. 441g. Limitation on contribution of currency. 441h. Fraudulent misrepresentation of campaign authority. 441i. Soft money of political parties. 441j. Repealed. 441k. Prohibition of contributions by minors. 442. Authority to procure technical support and other services and incur travel expenses; payment of such expenses. SUBCHAPTER II - GENERAL PROVISIONS 451. Extension of credit by regulated industries; regulations. 452. Prohibition against use of certain Federal funds for election activities. 453. State laws affected. 454. Partial invalidity. 455. Period of limitations. 456. Repealed. -End- -CITE- 2 USC SUBCHAPTER I - DISCLOSURE OF FEDERAL CAMPAIGN FUNDS 01/03/2007 -EXPCITE- TITLE 2 - THE CONGRESS CHAPTER 14 - FEDERAL ELECTION CAMPAIGNS SUBCHAPTER I - DISCLOSURE OF FEDERAL CAMPAIGN FUNDS -HEAD- SUBCHAPTER I - DISCLOSURE OF FEDERAL CAMPAIGN FUNDS -End- -CITE- 2 USC Sec. 431 01/03/2007 -EXPCITE- TITLE 2 - THE CONGRESS CHAPTER 14 - FEDERAL ELECTION CAMPAIGNS SUBCHAPTER I - DISCLOSURE OF FEDERAL CAMPAIGN FUNDS -HEAD- Sec. 431. Definitions -STATUTE- When used in this Act: (1) The term "election" means - (A) a general, special, primary, or runoff election; (B) a convention or caucus of a political party which has authority to nominate a candidate; (C) a primary election held for the selection of delegates to a national nominating convention of a political party; and (D) a primary election held for the expression of a preference for the nomination of individuals for election to the office of President. (2) The term "candidate" means an individual who seeks nomination for election, or election, to Federal office, and for purposes of this paragraph, an individual shall be deemed to seek nomination for election, or election - (A) if such individual has received contributions aggregating in excess of $5,000 or has made expenditures aggregating in excess of $5,000; or (B) if such individual has given his or her consent to another person to receive contributions or make expenditures on behalf of such individual and if such person has received such contributions aggregating in excess of $5,000 or has made such expenditures aggregating in excess of $5,000. (3) The term "Federal office" means the office of President or Vice President, or of Senator or Representative in, or Delegate or Resident Commissioner to, the Congress. (4) The term "political committee" means - (A) any committee, club, association, or other group of persons which receives contributions aggregating in excess of $1,000 during a calendar year or which makes expenditures aggregating in excess of $1,000 during a calendar year; or (B) any separate segregated fund established under the provisions of section 441b(b) of this title; or (C) any local committee of a political party which receives contributions aggregating in excess of $5,000 during a calendar year, or makes payments exempted from the definition of contribution or expenditure as defined in paragraphs (8) and (9) aggregating in excess of $5,000 during a calendar year, or makes contributions aggregating in excess of $1,000 during a calendar year or makes expenditures aggregating in excess of $1,000 during a calendar year. (5) The term "principal campaign committee" means a political committee designated and authorized by a candidate under section 432(e)(1) of this title. (6) The term "authorized committee" means the principal campaign committee or any other political committee authorized by a candidate under section 432(e)(1) of this title to receive contributions or make expenditures on behalf of such candidate. (7) The term "connected organization" means any organization which is not a political committee but which directly or indirectly establishes, administers or financially supports a political committee. (8)(A) The term "contribution" includes - (i) any gift, subscription, loan, advance, or deposit of money or anything of value made by any person for the purpose of influencing any election for Federal office; or (ii) the payment by any person of compensation for the personal services of another person which are rendered to a political committee without charge for any purpose. (B) The term "contribution" does not include - (i) the value of services provided without compensation by any individual who volunteers on behalf of a candidate or political committee; (ii) the use of real or personal property, including a church or community room used on a regular basis by members of a community for noncommercial purposes, and the cost of invitations, food, and beverages, voluntarily provided by an individual to any candidate or any political committee of a political party in rendering voluntary personal services on the individual's residential premises or in the church or community room for candidate-related or political party-related activities, to the extent that the cumulative value of such invitations, food, and beverages provided by such individual on behalf of any single candidate does not exceed $1,000 with respect to any single election, and on behalf of all political committees of a political party does not exceed $2,000 in any calendar year; (iii) the sale of any food or beverage by a vendor for use in any candidate's campaign or for use by or on behalf of any political committee of a political party at a charge less than the normal comparable charge, if such charge is at least equal to the cost of such food or beverage to the vendor, to the extent that the cumulative value of such activity by such vendor on behalf of any single candidate does not exceed $1,000 with respect to any single election, and on behalf of all political committees of a political party does not exceed $2,000 in any calendar year; (iv) any unreimbursed payment for travel expenses made by any individual on behalf of any candidate or any political committee of a political party, to the extent that the cumulative value of such activity by such individual on behalf of any single candidate does not exceed $1,000 with respect to any single election, and on behalf of all political committees of a political party does not exceed $2,000 in any calendar year; (v) the payment by a State or local committee of a political party of the costs of preparation, display, or mailing or other distribution incurred by such committee with respect to a printed slate card or sample ballot, or other printed listing, of 3 or more candidates for any public office for which an election is held in the State in which such committee is organized, except that this clause shall not apply to any cost incurred by such committee with respect to a display of any such listing made on broadcasting stations, or in newspapers, magazines, or similar types of general public political advertising; (vi) any payment made or obligation incurred by a corporation or a labor organization which, under section 441b(b) of this title, would not constitute an expenditure by such corporation or labor organization; (vii) any loan of money by a State bank, a federally chartered depository institution, or a depository institution the deposits or accounts of which are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, Federal Savings and Loan Insurance Corporation, or the National Credit Union Administration, other than any overdraft made with respect to a checking or savings account, made in accordance with applicable law and in the ordinary course of business, but such loan - (I) shall be considered a loan by each endorser or guarantor, in that proportion of the unpaid balance that each endorser or guarantor bears to the total number of endorsers or guarantors; (II) shall be made on a basis which assures repayment, evidenced by a written instrument, and subject to a due date or amortization schedule; and (III) shall bear the usual and customary interest rate of the lending institution; (viii) any legal or accounting services rendered to or on behalf of - (I) any political committee of a political party if the person paying for such services is the regular employer of the person rendering such services and if such services are not attributable to activities which directly further the election of any designated candidate to Federal office; or (II) an authorized committee of a candidate or any other political committee, if the person paying for such services is the regular employer of the individual rendering such services and if such services are solely for the purpose of ensuring compliance with this Act or chapter 95 or chapter 96 of title 26, but amounts paid or incurred by the regular employer for such legal or accounting services shall be reported in accordance with section 434(b) of this title by the committee receiving such services; (ix) the payment by a State or local committee of a political party of the costs of campaign materials (such as pins, bumper stickers, handbills, brochures, posters, party tabloids, and yard signs) used by such committee in connection with volunteer activities on behalf of nominees of such party: Provided, That - (1) such payments are not for the costs of campaign materials or activities used in connection with any broadcasting, newspaper, magazine, billboard, direct mail, or similar type of general public communication or political advertising; (2) such payments are made from contributions subject to the limitations and prohibitions of this Act; and (3) such payments are not made from contributions designated to be spent on behalf of a particular candidate or particular candidates; (x) the payment by a candidate, for nomination or election to any public office (including State or local office), or authorized committee of a candidate, of the costs of campaign materials which include information on or referenced to any other candidate and which are used in connection with volunteer activities (including pins, bumper stickers, handbills, brochures, posters, and yard signs, but not including the use of broadcasting, newspapers, magazines, billboards, direct mail, or similar types of general public communication or political advertising): Provided, That such payments are made from contributions subject to the limitations and prohibitions of this Act; (xi) the payment by a State or local committee of a political party of the costs of voter registration and get-out-the-vote activities conducted by such committee on behalf of nominees of such party for President and Vice President: Provided, That - (1) such payments are not for the costs of campaign materials or activities used in connection with any broadcasting, newspaper, magazine, billboard, direct mail, or similar type of general public communication or political advertising; (2) such payments are made from contributions subject to the limitations and prohibitions of this Act; and (3) such payments are not made from contributions designated to be spent on behalf of a particular candidate or candidates; (xii) payments made by a candidate or the authorized committee of a candidate as a condition of ballot access and payments received by any political party committee as a condition of ballot access; (xiii) any honorarium (within the meaning of section 441i of this title); and (xiv) any loan of money derived from an advance on a candidate's brokerage account, credit card, home equity line of credit, or other line of credit available to the candidate, if such loan is made in accordance with applicable law and under commercially reasonable terms and if the person making such loan makes loans derived from an advance on the candidate's brokerage account, credit card, home equity line of credit, or other line of credit in the normal course of the person's business. (9)(A) The term "expenditure" includes - (i) any purchase, payment, distribution, loan, advance, deposit, or gift of money or anything of value, made by any person for the purpose of influencing any election for Federal office; and (ii) a written contract, promise, or agreement to make an expenditure. (B) The term "expenditure" does not include - (i) any news story, commentary, or editorial distributed through the facilities of any broadcasting station, newspaper, magazine, or other periodical publication, unless such facilities are owned or controlled by any political party, political committee, or candidate; (ii) nonpartisan activity designed to encourage individuals to vote or to register to vote; (iii) any communication by any membership organization or corporation to its members, stockholders, or executive or administrative personnel, if such membership organization or corporation is not organized primarily for the purpose of influencing the nomination for election, or election, of any individual to Federal office, except that the costs incurred by a membership organization (including a labor organization) or by a corporation directly attributable to a communication expressly advocating the election or defeat of a clearly identified candidate (other than a communication primarily devoted to subjects other than the express advocacy of the election or defeat of a clearly identified candidate), shall, if such costs exceed $2,000 for any election, be reported to the Commission in accordance with section 434(a)(4)(A)(i) of this title, and in accordance with section 434(a)(4)(A)(ii) of this title with respect to any general election; (iv) the payment by a State or local committee of a political party of the costs of preparation, display, or mailing or other distribution incurred by such committee with respect to a printed slate card or sample ballot, or other printed listing, of 3 or more candidates for any public office for which an election is held in the State in which such committee is organized, except that this clause shall not apply to costs incurred by such committee with respect to a display of any such listing made on broadcasting stations, or in newspapers, magazines, or similar types of general public political advertising; (v) any payment made or obligation incurred by a corporation or a labor organization which, under section 441b(b) of this title, would not constitute an expenditure by such corporation or labor organization; (vi) any costs incurred by an authorized committee or candidate in connection with the solicitation of contributions on behalf of such candidate, except that this clause shall not apply with respect to costs incurred by an authorized committee of a candidate in excess of an amount equal to 20 percent of the expenditure limitation applicable to such candidate under section 441a(b) of this title, but all such costs shall be reported in accordance with section 434(b) of this title; (vii) the payment of compensation for legal or accounting services - (I) rendered to or on behalf of any political committee of a political party if the person paying for such services is the regular employer of the individual rendering such services, and if such services are not attributable to activities which directly further the election of any designated candidate to Federal office; or (II) rendered to or on behalf of a candidate or political committee if the person paying for such services is the regular employer of the individual rendering such services, and if such services are solely for the purpose of ensuring compliance with this Act or chapter 95 or chapter 96 of title 26, but amounts paid or incurred by the regular employer for such legal or accounting services shall be reported in accordance with section 434(b) of this title by the committee receiving such services; (viii) the payment by a State or local committee of a political party of the costs of campaign materials (such as pins, bumper stickers, handbills, brochures, posters, party tabloids, and yard signs) used by such committee in connection with volunteer activities on behalf of nominees of such party: Provided, That - (1) such payments are not for the costs of campaign materials or activities used in connection with any broadcasting, newspaper, magazine, billboard, direct mail, or similar type of general public communication or political advertising; (2) such payments are made from contributions subject to the limitations and prohibitions of this Act; and (3) such payments are not made from contributions designated to be spent on behalf of a particular candidate or particular candidates; (ix) the payment by a State or local committee of a political party of the costs of voter registration and get-out-the-vote activities conducted by such committee on behalf of nominees of such party for President and Vice President: Provided, That - (1) such payments are not for the costs of campaign materials or activities used in connection with any broadcasting, newspaper, magazine, billboard, direct mail, or similar type of general public communication or political advertising; (2) such payments are made from contributions subject to the limitations and prohibitions of this Act; and (3) such payments are not made from contributions designated to be spent on behalf of a particular candidate or candidates; and (x) payments received by a political party committee as a condition of ballot access which are transferred to another political party committee or the appropriate State official. (10) The term "Commission" means the Federal Election Commission. (11) The term "person" includes an individual, partnership, committee, association, corporation, labor organization, or any other organization or group of persons, but such term does not include the Federal Government or any authority of the Federal Government. (12) The term "State" means a State of the United States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, or a territory or possession of the United States. (13) The term "identification" means - (A) in the case of any individual, the name, the mailing address, and the occupation of such individual, as well as the name of his or her employer; and (B) in the case of any other person, the full name and address of such person. (14) The term "national committee" means the organization which, by virtue of the bylaws of a political party, is responsible for the day-to-day operation of such political party at the national level, as determined by the Commission. (15) The term "State committee" means the organization which, by virtue of the bylaws of a political party, is responsible for the day-to-day operation of such political party at the State level, as determined by the Commission. (16) The term "political party" means an association, committee, or organization which nominates a candidate for election to any Federal office whose name appears on the election ballot as the candidate of such association, committee, or organization. (17) Independent expenditure. - The term "independent expenditure" means an expenditure by a person - (A) expressly advocating the election or defeat of a clearly identified candidate; and (B) that is not made in concert or cooperation with or at the request or suggestion of such candidate, the candidate's authorized political committee, or their agents, or a political party committee or its agents. (18) The term "clearly identified" means that - (A) the name of the candidate involved appears; (B) a photograph or drawing of the candidate appears; or (C) the identity of the candidate is apparent by unambiguous reference. (19) The term "Act" means the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 as amended. (20) Federal election activity. - (A) In general. - The term "Federal election activity" means - (i) voter registration activity during the period that begins on the date that is 120 days before the date a regularly scheduled Federal election is held and ends on the date of the election; (ii) voter identification, get-out-the-vote activity, or generic campaign activity conducted in connection with an election in which a candidate for Federal office appears on the ballot (regardless of whether a candidate for State or local office also appears on the ballot); (iii) a public communication that refers to a clearly identified candidate for Federal office (regardless of whether a candidate for State or local office is also mentioned or identified) and that promotes or supports a candidate for that office, or attacks or opposes a candidate for that office (regardless of whether the communication expressly advocates a vote for or against a candidate); or (iv) services provided during any month by an employee of a State, district, or local committee of a political party who spends more than 25 percent of that individual's compensated time during that month on activities in connection with a Federal election. (B) Excluded activity. - The term "Federal election activity" does not include an amount expended or disbursed by a State, district, or local committee of a political party for - (i) a public communication that refers solely to a clearly identified candidate for State or local office, if the communication is not a Federal election activity described in subparagraph (A)(i) or (ii); (ii) a contribution to a candidate for State or local office, provided the contribution is not designated to pay for a Federal election activity described in subparagraph (A); (iii) the costs of a State, district, or local political convention; and (iv) the costs of grassroots campaign materials, including buttons, bumper stickers, and yard signs, that name or depict only a candidate for State or local office. (21) Generic campaign activity. - The term "generic campaign activity" means a campaign activity that promotes a political party and does not promote a candidate or non-Federal candidate. (22) Public communication. - The term "public communication" means a communication by means of any broadcast, cable, or satellite communication, newspaper, magazine, outdoor advertising facility, mass mailing, or telephone bank to the general public, or any other form of general public political advertising. (23) Mass mailing. - The term "mass mailing" means a mailing by United States mail or facsimile of more than 500 pieces of mail matter of an identical or substantially similar nature within any 30-day period. (24) Telephone bank. - The term "telephone bank" means more than 500 telephone calls of an identical or substantially similar nature within any 30-day period. (25) Election cycle. - For purposes of sections 441a(i) and 441a- 1 of this title and paragraph (26), the term "election cycle" means the period beginning on the day after the date of the most recent election for the specific office or seat that a candidate is seeking and ending on the date of the next election for that office or seat. For purposes of the preceding sentence, a primary election and a general election shall be considered to be separate elections. (26) Personal funds. - The term "personal funds" means an amount that is derived from - (A) any asset that, under applicable State law, at the time the individual became a candidate, the candidate had legal right of access to or control over, and with respect to which the candidate had - (i) legal and rightful title; or (ii) an equitable interest; (B) income received during the current election cycle of the candidate, including - (i) a salary and other earned income from bona fide employment; (ii) dividends and proceeds from the sale of the candidate's stocks or other investments; (iii) bequests to the candidate; (iv) income from trusts established before the beginning of the election cycle; (v) income from trusts established by bequest after the beginning of the election cycle of which the candidate is the beneficiary; (vi) gifts of a personal nature that had been customarily received by the candidate prior to the beginning of the election cycle; and (vii) proceeds from lotteries and similar legal games of chance; and (C) a portion of assets that are jointly owned by the candidate and the candidate's spouse equal to the candidate's share of the asset under the instrument of conveyance or ownership, but if no specific share is indicated by an instrument of conveyance or ownership, the value of 1/2 of the property. -SOURCE- (Pub. L. 92-225, title III, Sec. 301, Feb. 7, 1972, 86 Stat. 11; Pub. L. 93-443, title II, Secs. 201(a), 208(c)(1), Oct. 15, 1974, 88 Stat. 1272, 1286; Pub. L. 94-283, title I, Secs. 102, 115(d), (h), May 11, 1976, 90 Stat. 478, 495, 496; Pub. L. 96-187, title I, Sec. 101, Jan. 8, 1980, 93 Stat. 1339; Pub. L. 99-514, Sec. 2, Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2095; Pub. L. 106-346, Sec. 101(a) [title V, Sec. 502(b)], Oct. 23, 2000, 114 Stat. 1356, 1356A-49; Pub. L. 107- 155, title I, Secs. 101(b), 103(b)(1), title II, Sec. 211, title III, Sec. 304(c), Mar. 27, 2002, 116 Stat. 85, 87, 92, 100.) -REFTEXT- REFERENCES IN TEXT The Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971, as amended, referred to in par. (19), is Pub. L. 92-225, Feb. 7, 1972, 86 Stat. 3, as amended, which is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title notes set out below and Tables. -MISC1- AMENDMENTS 2002 - Par. (8)(B)(viii) to (xv). Pub. L. 107-155, Sec. 103(b)(1), redesignated cls. (ix) to (xv) as (viii) to (xiv), respectively, and struck out former cl. (viii) which read as follows: "any gift, subscription, loan, advance, or deposit of money or anything of value to a national or a State committee of a political party specifically designated to defray any cost for construction or purchase of any office facility not acquired for the purpose of influencing the election of any candidate in any particular election for Federal office;". Par. (17). Pub. L. 107-155, Sec. 211, added par. (17) and struck out former par. (17) which read as follows: "The term 'independent expenditure' means an expenditure by a person expressly advocating the election or defeat of a clearly identified candidate which is made without cooperation or consultation with any candidate, or any authorized committee or agent of such candidate, and which is not made in concert with, or at the request or suggestion of, any candidate, or any authorized committee or agent of such candidate." Pars. (20) to (24). Pub. L. 107-155, Sec. 101(b), added pars. (20) to (24). Pars. (25), (26). Pub. L. 107-155, Sec. 304(c), added pars. (25) and (26). 2000 - Par. (8)(B)(xv). Pub. L. 106-346 added cl. (xv). 1986 - Pars. (8)(B)(ix)(II), (9)(A)(vii)(II). Pub. L. 99-514 substituted "Internal Revenue Code of 1986" for "Internal Revenue Code of 1954", which for purposes of codification was translated as "title 26" thus requiring no change in text. 1980 - Pub. L. 96-187 changed the section designations from letters to numbers, and as so redesignated, substantially redefined the terms applicable to the provisions of this Act. 1976 - Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 94-283, Sec. 102(a), substituted "party which has authority to nominate" for "party held to nominate". Subsec. (e)(2). Pub. L. 94-283, Sec. 102(b), substituted "written contract, promise, or agreement," for "contract, promise, or agreement, expressed or implied,". Subsec. (e)(4). Pub. L. 94-283, Sec. 102(c), inserted provisions establishing an exception for legal or accounting services. Subsec. (e)(5). Pub. L. 94-283, Secs. 102(d), (e), 115(d) (1), substituted "section 441b(b) of this title" for "the last paragraph of section 610 of title 18, United States Code" in cl. (F), added cls. (G), (H), and (I), and, in the provisions following cl. (I), substituted "person" for "individual". Subsec. (f)(4). Pub. L. 94-283, Secs. 102(f), 115(d)(2), inserted provisions in cl. (C) requiring the reporting to the Commission of costs directly attributable to a communication expressly advocating the election or defeat of a clearly identifiable candidate if those costs should exceed $2,000 per election, substituted "section 441b(b) of this title" for "the last paragraph of section 610 of title 18, United States Code" in cl. (H), and added cls. (I), (J), and (K). Subsec. (n). Pub. L. 94-283, Sec. 115(h), substituted "section 432(e) (1) of this title" for "section 432(f)(1) of this title". Subsec. (o) to (q). Pub. L. 94-283, Sec. 102(g)(3), added subsecs. (o) to (q). 1974 - Pub. L. 93-443, Sec. 201(a) (1), inserted introductory reference to title IV of this Act, which for purposes of codification is translated as subchapter II of this chapter. Subsec. (a)(5). Pub. L. 93-443, Sec. 201(a)(2), struck out from definition of "election" the election of delegates to a constitutional convention for proposing amendments to the Constitution of the United States. Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 93-443, Sec. 201(a)(3), inserted reference to "club," before "association" and substituted "other group of persons" and "receives" for "organization" and "accepts". Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 93-443, Sec. 201(a)(4), transferred the word "means" after introductory word "contribution" to become the initial word in pars. (1) to (4); in par. (1), incorporated existing provisions in provisions designated subpars. (A) and (B), and deleted former provisions respecting contributions for the purpose of influencing the nomination for election, or election, of any person as a presidential election or for the purpose of influencing the election of delegates to a constitutional convention for proposing amendments to the Constitution of the United States; in par. (2), provided for express or implied transactions; in par. (3), substitution of "funds received by a political committee which are transferred to such committee from another political committee or other source" for "a transfer of funds between political committees"; inserted at end of par. (4) the word "but"; and added par. (5.) Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 93-443, Sec. 201(a)(5), transferred the word "means" following introductory word "expenditure" to become the initial word in pars. (1) to (3); in par. (1), incorporated existing provisions in provisions designated subpars. (A) to (C) and deleted end text reading ", or for the purpose of influencing the election of delegates to a constitutional convention for proposing amendments to the Constitution of the United States"; in par. (2), provided for express or implied transactions; in par. (3), substituted "the transfer of funds by a political committee to another political committee; but" for "a transfer of funds between political committees"; and added par. (4). Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 93-443, Sec. 208(c)(1), substituted definition of "Commission" for "supervisory officer". Subsecs. (j) to (n). Pub. L. 93-443, Sec. 201(a)(6)-(8), added subsecs. (j) to (n). EFFECTIVE DATE OF 2002 AMENDMENT; REGULATIONS Pub. L. 107-155, title IV, Sec. 402, Mar. 27, 2002, 116 Stat. 112, provided that: "(a) General Effective Date. - "(1) In general. - Except as provided in the succeeding provisions of this section, the effective date of this Act [see Short Title of 2002 Amendment note below], and the amendments made by this Act, is November 6, 2002. "(2) Modification of contribution limits. - The amendments made by - "(A) section 102 [amending section 441a of this title] shall apply with respect to contributions made on or after January 1, 2003; and "(B) section 307 [amending section 441a of this title] shall take effect as provided in subsection (e) of such section [enacting provisions set out as a note under section 441a of this title]. "(3) Severability; effective dates and regulations; judicial review. - Title IV [enacting provisions set out as notes under sections 437h and 454 of this title] shall take effect on the date of enactment of this Act [Mar. 27, 2002]. "(4) Provisions not to apply to runoff elections. - Section 323(b) of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 [2 U.S.C. 441i(b)] (as added by section 101(a)), section 103(a) [amending section 434 of this title], title II [amending this section and sections 434, 441a, and 441b of this title and enacting provisions set out as notes under sections 434 and 441a of this title], sections 304 [amending this section and sections 434 and 441a of this title] (including section 315(j) of Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 [2 U.S.C. 441a(j)], as added by section 304(a)(2)), 305 [amending section 315 of Title 47, Telegraphs, Telephones, and Radiotelegraphs, and enacting provisions set out as a note under section 315 of Title 47] (notwithstanding subsection (c) of such section [enacting provisions set out as a note under section 315 of Title 47]), 311 [amending section 441d of this title], 316 [amending section 441a of this title], 318 [enacting section 441k of this title], and 319 [enacting section 441a-1 of this title and amending section 441a of this title], and title V [enacting section 438a of this title and amending section 434 of this title and section 315 of Title 47] (and the amendments made by such sections and titles) shall take effect on November 6, 2002, but shall not apply with respect to runoff elections, recounts, or election contests resulting from elections held prior to such date. "(b) Soft Money of National Political Parties. - "(1) In general. - Except for subsection (b) of such section, section 323 of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 [2 U.S.C. 441i] (as added by section 101(a)) shall take effect on November 6, 2002. "(2) Transitional rules for the spending of soft money of national political parties. - "(A) In general. - Notwithstanding section 323(a) of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 [2 U.S.C. 441i(a)] (as added by section 101(a)), if a national committee of a political party described in such section (including any person who is subject to such section under paragraph (2) of such section), has received funds described in such section prior to November 6, 2002, the rules described in subparagraph (B) shall apply with respect to the spending of the amount of such funds in the possession of such committee as of such date. "(B) Use of excess soft money funds. - "(i) In general. - Subject to clauses (ii) and (iii), the national committee of a political party may use the amount described in subparagraph (A) prior to January 1, 2003, solely for the purpose of - "(I) retiring outstanding debts or obligations that were incurred solely in connection with an election held prior to November 6, 2002; or "(II) paying expenses or retiring outstanding debts or paying for obligations that were incurred solely in connection with any runoff election, recount, or election contest resulting from an election held prior to November 6, 2002. "(ii) Prohibition on using soft money for hard money expenses, debts, and obligations. - A national committee of a political party may not use the amount described in subparagraph (A) for any expenditure (as defined in section 301(9) of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (2 U.S.C. 431(9))) or for retiring outstanding debts or obligations that were incurred for such an expenditure. "(iii) Prohibition of building fund uses. - A national committee of a political party may not use the amount described in subparagraph (A) for activities to defray the costs of the construction or purchase of any office building or facility. "(c) Regulations. - "(1) In general. - Except as provided in paragraph (2), the Federal Election Commission shall promulgate regulations to carry out this Act [see Short Title of 2002 Amendment note below] and the amendments made by this Act that are under the Commission's jurisdiction not later than 270 days after the date of enactment of this Act [Mar. 27, 2002]. "(2) Soft money of political parties. - Not later than 90 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the Federal Election Commission shall promulgate regulations to carry out title I of this Act [enacting section 441i of this title and amending this section and sections 434, 441a, and 453 of this title] and the amendments made by such title." EFFECTIVE DATE OF 2000 AMENDMENT Pub. L. 106-346, Sec. 101(a) [title V, Sec. 502(d)], Oct. 23, 2000, 114 Stat. 1356, 1356A-50, provided that: "The amendments made by this section [amending this section and section 434 of this title] shall apply with respect to elections occurring after January 2001." EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1980 AMENDMENT Section 301 of Pub. L. 96-187 provided that: "(a) Except as provided in subsection (b), the amendments made by this Act [see Short Title of 1980 Amendment note set out below] are effective upon enactment [Jan. 8, 1980]. "(b) For authorized committees of candidates for President and Vice President, section 304(b) of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 [section 434(b) of this title] shall be effective for elections occurring after January 1, 1981." EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1974 AMENDMENT Section 410 of Pub. L. 93-443 provided that: "(a) Except as provided by subsection (b) and subsection (c), the foregoing provisions of this Act [enacting sections 437a to 437h, 439a to 439c, 455 and 456 of this title sections 614 to 617 of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure, and sections 9031 to 9042 of Title 26, Internal Revenue Code, amending sections 431 to 437, 438, 439, 451 to 453 of this title, sections 1501 to 1503 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees, sections 591, 608, 610, 611, and 613 of Title 18, sections 276, 6012, and 9002 to 9012 of Title 26, and section 315 of Title 47, Telegraphs, Telephones, and Radiotelegraphs, repealing section 440 of this title, section 9021 of Title 26, and sections 801 to 805 of Title 47, and enacting provisions set out as notes under this section and sections 432, 434, 437c, and 438 of this title, sections 591 and 608 of Title 18, and section 9006 of Title 26] shall become effective January 1, 1975. "(b) Section 104 [set out as a note under section 591 of Title 18] and the amendment made by section 301 [amending section 453 of this title] shall become effective on the date of the enactment of this Act [Oct. 15, 1974]. "(c)(1) The amendments made by sections 403(a), 404, 405, 406, 408, and 409 [enacting sections 9031 to 9042, amending sections 276, 9002, 9003, 9004, 9005, 9006, 9007, 9008, 9009, 9010, 9011, and 9012, and repealing section 9021 of Title 26] shall apply with respect to taxable years beginning after December 31, 1974. "(2) The amendment made by section 407 [amending section 6012 of Title 26] shall apply with respect to taxable years beginning after December 31, 1971." EFFECTIVE DATE Section 408, formerly Sec. 406, of Pub. L. 92-225 as renumbered Pub. L. 93-443, title III, Sec. 302, Oct. 15, 1974, 88 Stat. 1289, provided that: "Except as provided in section 401 of this Act [section 451 of this title], the provisions of this Act [see Short Title note set out below] shall become effective on December 31, 1971, or sixty days after the date of enactment of this Act [Feb. 7, 1972], whichever is later." SHORT TITLE OF 2002 AMENDMENT Pub. L. 107-155, Sec. 1(a), Mar. 27, 2002, 116 Stat. 81, provided that: "This Act [enacting sections 438a, 439a, 441a-1, 441i, and 441k of this title and section 510 of Title 36, Patriotic and National Observances, Ceremonies, and Organizations, amending this section, sections 434, 437g, 441a, 441b, 441d, 441e, 441h, 453, and 455 of this title, section 607 of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure, and section 315 of Title 47, Telegraphs, Telephones, and Radiotelegraphs, transferring section 510 of Title 36 to section 511 of Title 36, repealing section 439a of this title, enacting provisions set out as notes under this section, sections 434, 437g, 437h, 441a, 454, and 455 of this title, and section 315 of Title 47, and amending provisions set out as a note under section 994 of Title 28, Judiciary and Judicial Procedure] may be cited as the 'Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act of 2002'." SHORT TITLE OF 1980 AMENDMENT Section 1 of Pub. L. 96-187 provided: "That this Act [amending this section and sections 432 to 434, 437, 437c, 437d, 437f to 439a, 439c, 441a to 441i of this title, section 3132 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees, sections 602, 603, and 607 of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure, section 901a of Title 22, Foreign Relations and Intercourse, section 9008 of Title 26, Internal Revenue Code, and section 5043 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare; repealing sections 435, 436, 437b, 437e, 439b, and 441j of this title and section 591 of Title 18; and enacting provisions set out as notes under this section] may be cited as the 'Federal Election Campaign Act Amendments of 1979'." SHORT TITLE OF 1976 AMENDMENT Section 1 of Pub. L. 94-283 provided that: "This Act [enacting sections 441a to 441j of this title, amending this section and sections 432, 434, 436, 437b to 439c, and 455 of this title, section 591 of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure, and sections 9002, 9003, 9004, 9006, 9007, 9008, 9009, 9012, 9032, 9033, 9034, 9035, and 9039 of Title 26, Internal Revenue Code, repealing sections 437a, 441, and 456 of this title and sections 608, 610, 611, 612, 613, 614, 615, 616, and 617 of Title 18, and enacting provisions set out as notes under sections 437c, 437f, and 441 of this title and sections 9002, 9004, and 9035 of Title 26] may be cited as the 'Federal Election Campaign Act Amendments of 1976'." SHORT TITLE OF 1974 AMENDMENT Section 1 of Pub. L. 93-443 provided: "That this Act [enacting sections 437a to 437h, 439a to 439c, 455, and 456 of this title, sections 614 to 617 of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure, and sections 9031 to 9042 of Title 26, Internal Revenue Code; amending this section and sections 432 to 437, 438, 439 and 451 to 453 of this title, sections 1501 to 1503 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees, sections 591, 608, 610, 611, and 613 of Title 18, sections 276, 6012, 9002 to 9012 of Title 26, and section 315 of Title 47, Telegraphs, Telephones, and Radiotelegraphs; repealing section 440 of this title, section 9021 of Title 26, and sections 801 to 805 of Title 47; and enacting provisions set out as notes under this section and sections 434, 437c, and 438 of this title, sections 591 and 608 of Title 18, and section 9006 of Title 26] may be cited as the 'Federal Election Campaign Act Amendments of 1974'." SHORT TITLE Section 1 of Pub. L. 92-225 provided: "That this Act [enacting this chapter and chapter 7 of Title 47, Telegraphs, Telephones, and Radiotelegraphs, amending sections 591, 600, 608, 610, and 611 of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure, and sections 312 and 315 of Title 47, repealing sections 241 to 256 of this title and section 609 of Title 18, and enacting provisions set out as notes under this section and section 801 of Title 47] may be cited as the 'Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971'." -TRANS- TRANSFER OF FUNCTIONS Federal Savings and Loan Insurance Corporation abolished and functions transferred, see Pub. L. 101-73, title IV, Secs. 401-406, Aug. 9, 1989, 103 Stat. 354-363, set out as a note under section 1437 of Title 12, Banks and Banking. -MISC2- TRANSITION PROVISIONS Section 303 of Pub. L. 96-187 provided that: "(a) The Federal Election Commission shall transmit to the Congress proposed rules and regulations necessary for the purpose of implementing the provisions of this Act, and the amendments made by this Act [see Short Title of 1980 Amendment note set out above], prior to February 29, 1980. "(b) The provisions of section 311(d) of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 [section 438(d) of this title] allowing disapproval of rules and regulations by either House of Congress within 30 legislative days after receipt shall, with respect to rules and regulations required to be proposed under subsection (a) of this section, be deemed to allow such disapproval within 15 legislative days after receipt." STUDY AND REPORT ON CLEAN MONEY CLEAN ELECTIONS LAWS Pub. L. 107-155, title III, Sec. 310, Mar. 27, 2002, 116 Stat. 104, provided that: "(a) Clean Money Clean Elections Defined. - In this section, the term 'clean money clean elections' means funds received under State laws that provide in whole or in part for the public financing of election campaigns. "(b) Study. - "(1) In general. - The Comptroller General shall conduct a study of the clean money clean elections of Arizona and Maine. "(2) Matters studied. - "(A) Statistics on clean money clean elections candidates. - The Comptroller General shall determine - "(i) the number of candidates who have chosen to run for public office with clean money clean elections including - "(I) the office for which they were candidates; "(II) whether the candidate was an incumbent or a challenger; and "(III) whether the candidate was successful in the candidate's bid for public office; and "(ii) the number of races in which at least one candidate ran an election with clean money clean elections. "(B) Effects of clean money clean elections. - The Comptroller General of the United States shall describe the effects of public financing under the clean money clean elections laws on the 2000 elections in Arizona and Maine. "(c) Report. - Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act [Mar. 27, 2002], the Comptroller General of the United States shall submit a report to the Congress detailing the results of the study conducted under subsection (b)." VOTING SYSTEM STUDY; REPORT TO CONGRESS; COST OF STUDY Section 302 of Pub. L. 96-187, as amended by Pub. L. 100-418, title V, Sec. 5115(c), Aug. 23, 1988, 102 Stat. 1433, provided that: "The Federal Election Commission with the cooperation and assistance of the National Institute of Standards and Technology, shall conduct a preliminary study with respect to the future development of voluntary engineering and procedural performance standards for voting systems used in the United States. The Commission shall report to the Congress the results of the study, and such report shall include recommendations, if any, for the implementation of a program of such standards (including estimates of the costs and time requirements of implementing such a program). The cost of the study shall be paid out of any funds otherwise available to defray the expenses of the Commission." -End- -CITE- 2 USC Sec. 432 01/03/2007 -EXPCITE- TITLE 2 - THE CONGRESS CHAPTER 14 - FEDERAL ELECTION CAMPAIGNS SUBCHAPTER I - DISCLOSURE OF FEDERAL CAMPAIGN FUNDS -HEAD- Sec. 432. Organization of political committees -STATUTE- (a) Treasurer; vacancy; official authorizations Every political committee shall have a treasurer. No contribution or expenditure shall be accepted or made by or on behalf of a political committee during any period in which the office of treasurer is vacant. No expenditure shall be made for or on behalf of a political committee without the authorization of the treasurer or his or her designated agent. (b) Account of contributions; segregated funds (1) Every person who receives a contribution for an authorized political committee shall, no later than 10 days after receiving such contribution, forward to the treasurer such contribution, and if the amount of the contribution is in excess of $50 the name and address of the person making the contribution and the date of receipt. (2) Every person who receives a contribution for a political committee which is not an authorized committee shall - (A) if the amount of the contribution is $50 or less, forward to the treasurer such contribution no later than 30 days after receiving the contribution; and (B) if the amount of the contribution is in excess of $50, forward to the treasurer such contribution, the name and address of the person making the contribution, and the date of receipt of the contribution, no later than 10 days after receiving the contribution. (3) All funds of a political committee shall be segregated from, and may not be commingled with, the personal funds of any individual. (c) Recordkeeping The treasurer of a political committee shall keep an account of - (1) all contributions received by or on behalf of such political committee; (2) the name and address of any person who makes any contribution in excess of $50, together with the date and amount of such contribution by any person; (3) the identification of any person who makes a contribution or contributions aggregating more than $200 during a calendar year, together with the date and amount of any such contribution; (4) the identification of any political committee which makes a contribution, together with the date and amount of any such contribution; and (5) the name and address of every person to whom any disbursement is made, the date, amount, and purpose of the disbursement, and the name of the candidate and the office sought by the candidate, if any, for whom the disbursement was made, including a receipt, invoice, or canceled check for each disbursement in excess of $200. (d) Preservation of records and copies of reports The treasurer shall preserve all records required to be kept by this section and copies of all reports required to be filed by this subchapter for 3 years after the report is filed. For any report filed in electronic format under section 434(a)(11) of this title, the treasurer shall retain a machine-readable copy of the report as the copy preserved under the preceding sentence. (e) Principal and additional campaign committees; designations, status of candidate, authorized committees, etc. (1) Each candidate for Federal office (other than the nominee for the office of Vice President) shall designate in writing a political committee in accordance with paragraph (3) to serve as the principal campaign committee of such candidate. Such designation shall be made no later than 15 days after becoming a candidate. A candidate may designate additional political committees in accordance with paragraph (3) to serve as authorized committees of such candidate. Such designation shall be in writing and filed with the principal campaign committee of such candidate in accordance with subsection (f)(1) of this section. (2) Any candidate described in paragraph (1) who receives a contribution, or any loan for use in connection with the campaign of such candidate for election, or makes a disbursement in connection with such campaign, shall be considered, for purposes of this Act, as having received the contribution or loan, or as having made the disbursement, as the case may be, as an agent of the authorized committee or committees of such candidate. (3)(A) No political committee which supports or has supported more than one candidate may be designated as an authorized committee, except that - (i) the candidate for the office of President nominated by a political party may designate the national committee of such political party as a principal campaign committee, but only if that national committee maintains separate books of account with respect to its function as a principal campaign committee; and (ii) candidates may designate a political committee established solely for the purpose of joint fundraising by such candidates as an authorized committee. (B) As used in this section, the term "support" does not include a contribution by any authorized committee in amounts of $2,000 or less to an authorized committee of any other candidate. (4) The name of each authorized committee shall include the name of the candidate who authorized such committee under paragraph (1). In the case of any political committee which is not an authorized committee, such political committee shall not include the name of any candidate in its name. (5) The name of any separate segregated fund established pursuant to section 441b(b) of this title shall include the name of its connected organization. (f) Filing with and receipt of designations, statements, and reports by principal campaign committee (1) Notwithstanding any other provision of this Act, each designation, statement, or report of receipts or disbursements made by an authorized committee of a candidate shall be filed with the candidate's principal campaign committee. (2) Each principal campaign committee shall receive all designations, statements, and reports required to be filed with it under paragraph (1) and shall compile and file such designations, statements, and reports in accordance with this Act. (g) Filing with and receipt of designations, statements, and reports by Secretary of Senate; forwarding to Commission; filing requirements with Commission; public inspection and preservation of designations, etc. (1) Designations, statements, and reports required to be filed under this Act by a candidate for the office of Senator, by the principal campaign committee of such candidate, and by the Republican and Democratic Senatorial Campaign Committees shall be filed with the Secretary of the Senate, who shall receive such designations, statements, and reports, as custodian for the Commission. (2) The Secretary of the Senate shall forward a copy of any designation, statement, or report filed with the Secretary under this subsection to the Commission as soon as possible (but no later than 2 working days) after receiving such designation, statement, or report. (3) All designations, statements, and reports required to be filed under this Act, except designations, statements, and reports filed in accordance with paragraph (1), shall be filed with the Commission. (4) The Secretary of the Senate shall make the designations, statements, and reports received under this subsection available for public inspection and copying in the same manner as the Commission under section 438(a)(4) of this title, and shall preserve such designations, statements, and reports in the same manner as the Commission under section 438(a)(5) of this title. (h) Campaign depositories; designations, maintenance of accounts, etc.; petty cash fund for disbursements; record of disbursements (1) Each political committee shall designate one or more State banks, federally chartered depository institutions, or depository institutions the deposits or accounts of which are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, the Federal Savings and Loan Insurance Corporation, or the National Credit Union Administration, as its campaign depository or depositories. Each political committee shall maintain at least one checking account and such other accounts as the committee determines at a depository designated by such committee. All receipts received by such committee shall be deposited in such accounts. No disbursements may be made (other than petty cash disbursements under paragraph (2)) by such committee except by check drawn on such accounts in accordance with this section. (2) A political committee may maintain a petty cash fund for disbursements not in excess of $100 to any person in connection with a single purchase or transaction. A record of all petty cash disbursements shall be maintained in accordance with subsection (c)(5) of this section. (i) Reports and records, compliance with requirements based on best efforts When the treasurer of a political committee shows that best efforts have been used to obtain, maintain, and submit the information required by this Act for the political committee, any report or any records of such committee shall be considered in compliance with this Act or chapter 95 or chapter 96 of title 26. -SOURCE- (Pub. L. 92-225, title III, Sec. 302, Feb. 7, 1972, 86 Stat. 12; Pub. L. 93-443, title II, Secs. 202, 208(c)(2), Oct. 15, 1974, 88 Stat. 1275, 1286; Pub. L. 94-283, title I, Sec. 103, May 11, 1976, 90 Stat. 480; Pub. L. 96-187, title I, Sec. 102, Jan. 8, 1980, 93 Stat. 1345; Pub. L. 99-514, Sec. 2, Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2095; Pub. L. 104-79, Secs. 1(b), 3(a), Dec. 28, 1995, 109 Stat. 791, 792; Pub. L. 105-61, title VI, Sec. 637, Oct. 10, 1997, 111 Stat. 1316; Pub. L. 108-447, div. H, title V, Sec. 525, Dec. 8, 2004, 118 Stat. 3271.) -REFTEXT- REFERENCES IN TEXT This Act, referred to in text, means the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971, as amended, as defined by section 431 of this title. -MISC1- AMENDMENTS 2004 - Subsec. (e)(3)(B). Pub. L. 108-447 substituted "$2,000" for "$1,000". 1997 - Subsec. (g)(1). Pub. L. 105-55 struck out "and" after "Senator," and inserted "and by the Republican and Democratic Senatorial Campaign Committees" after "candidate,". 1995 - Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 104-79, Sec. 1(b), inserted at end "For any report filed in electronic format under section 434(a)(11) of this title, the treasurer shall retain a machine-readable copy of the report as the copy preserved under the preceding sentence." Subsec. (g)(1). Pub. L. 104-79, Sec. 3(a)(1), (2), redesignated par. (2) as (1) and struck out former par. (1) which read as follows: "Designations, statements, and reports required to be filed under this Act by a candidate or by an authorized committee of a candidate for the office of Representative in, or Delegate or Resident Commissioner to, the Congress, and by the principal campaign committee of such a candidate, shall be filed with the Clerk of the House of Representatives, who shall receive such designations, statements, and reports as custodian for the Commission." Subsec. (g)(2). Pub. L. 104-79, Sec. 3(a)(2), (3), redesignated par. (3) as (2), struck out "Clerk of the House of Representatives and the" before "Secretary of the Senate", and substituted "filed with the Secretary" for "filed with them". Former par. (2) redesignated (1). Subsec. (g)(3). Pub. L. 104-79, Sec. 3(a)(2), (4), redesignated par. (4) as (3) and substituted "paragraph (1)" for "paragraphs (1) and (2)". Former par. (3) redesignated (2). Subsec. (g)(4). Pub. L. 104-79, Sec. 3(a)(2), (5), redesignated par. (5) as (4) and struck out "Clerk of the House of Representatives and the" before "Secretary of the Senate". Former par. (4) redesignated (3). Subsec. (g)(5). Pub. L. 104-79, Sec. 3(a)(2), redesignated par. (5) as (4). 1986 - Subsec. (i). Pub. L. 99-514 substituted "Internal Revenue Code of 1986" for "Internal Revenue Code of 1954", which for purposes of codification was translated as "title 26" thus requiring no change in text. 1980 - Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 96-187 struck out reference to the chairman as a person authorized to accept or make a contribution on behalf of a political committee. Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 96-187 redesignated subsec. (b) as par. (1) of subsec. (b), substituted "for an authorized political committee shall, no later than 10 days after receiving such contribution, forward to the treasurer such contribution, and if the amount of the contribution is in excess of $50 the name and address of the person making the contribution and the date of the receipt." for "in excess of $50 for a political committee shall, on demand of the treasurer, and in any event within five days after receipt of such contribution, render to the treasurer a detailed account thereof, including the amount of the contribution and the identification of the person making such contribution, and the date on which received. All funds of a political committee shall be segregated from, and may not be commingled with, any personal funds of officers, members, or associates of such committee.", and added pars. (2) and (3). Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 96-187 substituted "The treasurer of a political committee shall keep an account of" for "It shall be the duty of the treasurer of a political committee to keep a detailed and exact account of" in introductory clause; substituted in par. (1) "all contributions received by or on behalf of such political committee" for "all contributions made to or for such committee"; substituted in par. (2) "the name and address of any person who makes any contribution in excess of $50, together with the date and amount of such contribution by any person" for "the identification of every person making a contribution in excess of $50, and the date and amount thereof and, if a person's contributions aggregating more than $100, the account shall include occupation, and the principal place of business (if any)"; substituted in par. (3) "the identification of any person who makes a contribution or contributions aggregating more than $200 during a calendar year, together with the date and amount of any such contribution" for "all expenditures made by or on behalf of such committee; and"; substituted in par. (4) "the identification of any political committee which makes a contribution, together with the date and amount of any such contribution, and" for "the identification of every person to whom any expenditure is made, the date and amount thereof and the name and address of, and office sought by, each candidate on whose behalf such expenditure was made", and added par. (5). Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 96-187 substituted provisions requiring the treasurer to preserve all records required by this section and copies of all reports to be filed by this subchapter for 3 years after the filing of the report for provisions requiring the treasurer to keep receipted bills for expenditures in excess of $100, and for expenditures of lesser amounts if the aggregate amount to the same person during a calendar year exceeds $100, such receipts to be kept for a period to be determined by the Secretary. Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 96-187 in par. (1) substituted provisions requiring a written designation of a political committee no later than 15 days after becoming a candidate, with the designation of additional committees to be filed with the principal committee, for provisions prohibiting the designation of a committee as the principal campaign committee of more than one candidate except that the presidential candidate may nominate the national committee of a political party as his principal campaign committee; in par. (2) substituted provisions considering any candidate receiving a contribution or loan or making a disbursement as an agent of the authorized committees for provisions requiring the filing of any report or statement of contributions required to be filed with the Commission to be filed instead with the principal campaign committee; in par. (3) redesignated existing provisions as introductory clause of par. (3)(A), and in such clause as so redesignated, substituted provision that no political committee which supports or has supported more than one candidate may be designated as an authorized committee for provisions requiring principal committee to receive reports and statements and to compile and file such reports and statements together with its own reports and statements with the Commission, and added pars. (3)(A)(i), (ii), (4) and (5). Subsecs. (f) to (i). Pub. L. 96-187 added subsecs. (f) to (i). 1976 - Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 94-283, Sec. 103(a), substituted "$50" for "$10". Subsec. (c)(2). Pub. L. 94-283, Sec. 103(b), substituted "$50" for "$10". Subsecs. (e), (f). Pub. L. 94-283, Sec. 103(c), (d), redesignated subsec. (f) as (e) and in par. (1) of subsec. (e) as so redesignated inserted provision that occasional, isolated, or incidental support of a candidate not be construed as support for such a candidate for purposes of determining whether a political committee supports more than one candidate. Former subsec. (e) providing for the giving of notice by a candidate that a political committee soliciting funds on his behalf is not authorized to do so and that he is not responsible for the activities of that committee was eliminated. 1974 - Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 93-443, Sec. 202(a)(1), substituted "of the contribution and the identification" for ", the name and address (occupation and principal place of business, if any)". Subsec. (c)(2). Pub. L. 93-443, Sec. 202(a)(2), (3), substituted "identification" for "full name and mailing address (occupation and the principal place of business, if any)" before "of every person" and inserted end text reading "and, if a person's contributions aggregate more than $100, the account shall include occupation, and the principal place of business (if any)". Subsec. (c)(4). Pub. L. 93-443, Sec. 202(a)(2), substituted "identification" for "full name and mailing address (occupation and the principal place of business, if any)" before "of every person". Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 93-443, Sec. 208(c)(2), substituted "Commission" for "supervisory officers". Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 93-443, Sec. 202(b), substituted provisions respecting principal campaign committees for prior provisions respecting notice of funds solicitation by political committees and availability for purchase of annual reports of the political committees from the Superintendent of Documents made available through the Public Printer, now covered in section 435(b) of this title. EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1995 AMENDMENT Section 1(c) of Pub. L. 104-79 provided that: "The amendments made by subsection (a) and subsection (b) [amending this section and section 434 of this title] shall apply with respect to reports for periods beginning after December 31, 1996." Section 3(d) of Pub. L. 104-79 provided that: "The amendments made by this section [amending this section and sections 434 and 438 of this title] shall apply with respect to reports, designations, and statements required to be filed after December 31, 1995." EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1980 AMENDMENT Amendment by Pub. L. 96-187 effective Jan. 8, 1980, see section 301(a) of Pub. L. 96-187, set out as a note under section 431 of this title. EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1974 AMENDMENT Amendment by Pub. L. 93-443 effective Jan. 1, 1975, see section 410(a) of Pub. L. 93-443, set out as a note under section 431 of this title. -TRANS- TRANSFER OF FUNCTIONS Federal Savings and Loan Insurance Corporation abolished and functions transferred, see Pub. L. 101-73, title IV, Secs. 401-406, Aug. 9, 1989, 103 Stat. 354-363, set out as a note under section 1437 of Title 12, Banks and Banking. -End- -CITE- 2 USC Sec. 433 01/03/2007 -EXPCITE- TITLE 2 - THE CONGRESS CHAPTER 14 - FEDERAL ELECTION CAMPAIGNS SUBCHAPTER I - DISCLOSURE OF FEDERAL CAMPAIGN FUNDS -HEAD- Sec. 433. Registration of political committees -STATUTE- (a) Statements of organizations Each authorized campaign committee shall file a statement of organization no later than 10 days after designation pursuant to section 432(e)(1) of this title. Each separate segregated fund established under the provisions of section 441b(b) of this title shall file a statement of organization no later than 10 days after establishment. All other committees shall file a statement of organization within 10 days after becoming a political committee within the meaning of section 431(4) of this title. (b) Contents of statements The statement of organization of a political committee shall include - (1) the name, address, and type of committee; (2) the name, address, relationship, and type of any connected organization or affiliated committee; (3) the name, address, and position of the custodian of books and accounts of the committee; (4) the name and address of the treasurer of the committee; (5) if the committee is authorized by a candidate, the name, address, office sought, and party affiliation of the candidate; and (6) a listing of all banks, safety deposit boxes, or other depositories used by the committee. (c) Change of information in statements Any change in information previously submitted in a statement of organization shall be reported in accordance with section 432(g) of this title no later than 10 days after the date of the change. (d) Termination, etc., requirements and authorities (1) A political committee may terminate only when such a committee files a written statement, in accordance with section 432(g) of this title, that it will no longer receive any contributions or make any disbursements and that such committee has no outstanding debts or obligations. (2) Nothing contained in this subsection may be construed to eliminate or limit the authority of the Commission to establish procedures for - (A) the determination of insolvency with respect to any political committee; (B) the orderly liquidation of an insolvent political committee, and the orderly application of its assets for the reduction of outstanding debts; and (C) the termination of an insolvent political committee after such liquidation and application of assets. -SOURCE- (Pub. L. 92-225, title III, Sec. 303, Feb. 7, 1972, 86 Stat. 14; Pub. L. 93-443, title II, Secs. 203, 208(c)(3), Oct. 15, 1974, 88 Stat. 1276, 1286; Pub. L. 96-187, title I, Sec. 103, Jan. 8, 1980, 93 Stat. 1347.) -MISC1- AMENDMENTS 1980 - Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 96-187 substituted provisions requiring each authorized campaign committee, each segregated fund established under section 441b(b) of this title, and all other committees to file a statement of organization 10 days after establishment for provisions requiring each political committee anticipating the receipt or expenditure during the calendar year of an amount exceeding $1,000 to file with the Commission a statement of organization within 10 days after organization or 10 days after receipt of information causing the anticipation of receipt or expenditure in excess of $1,000 and requiring each committee in existence on the date of enactment of this Act to file a statement of organization at such time as the Commission prescribes. Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 96-187 inserted "of a political committee" in introductory clause; in par. (1) inserted reference to type of committee; in par. (2) inserted reference to type of organization or affiliated committee; in par. (3) substituted provisions relating to the name, address and position of custodian of books and accounts for provisions relating to area, scope or jurisdiction of the committee; in par. (4) substituted provisions relating to the name and address of the treasurer for provisions relating to the name, address and position of the custodian of books and accounts; in par. (5) substituted provisions relating to the name, address, office sought and party affiliation of the candidate for provisions relating to the name, address and position of principal officers including officers of the finance committee; in par. (6) substituted provisions relating to listings of banks, safety deposit boxes, etc. for provisions relating to name and address, office sought and political affiliation of supported candidates, and struck out pars. (7) to (11) relating to other information. Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 96-187 substituted "in accordance with section 432(g) of this title no later than 10 days after the date of the change" for "to the Commission within a ten-day period following the change". Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 96-187 redesignated existing provisions as par. (1), substituted provisions relating to termination of a political committee by written statement in accordance with section 432(g) of this title for provisions relating to notification to the Commission in the event of disbandment or determination no longer to receive contributions during the calendar year of an amount exceeding $1,000, and added par. (2). Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 96-187 struck out subsec. (e) relating to filing of required reports and notifications with the appropriate principal campaign committee instead of the Commission in the case of a political committee which is not a principal campaign committee. 1974 - Pub. L. 93-443, Sec. 208(c)(3)(A), substituted "Commission" for "supervisory officer" wherever appearing. Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 93-443, Sec. 208(c)(3)(B), substituted "it prescribes" for "he prescribes". Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 93-443, Sec. 203, added subsec. (e). EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1980 AMENDMENT Amendment by Pub. L. 96-187 effective Jan. 8, 1980, see section 301(a) of Pub. L. 96-187, set out as a note under section 431 of this title. EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1974 AMENDMENT Amendment by Pub. L. 93-443 effective Jan. 1, 1975, see section 410(a) of Pub. L. 93-443, set out as a note under section 431 of this title. -End- -CITE- 2 USC Sec. 434 01/03/2007 -EXPCITE- TITLE 2 - THE CONGRESS CHAPTER 14 - FEDERAL ELECTION CAMPAIGNS SUBCHAPTER I - DISCLOSURE OF FEDERAL CAMPAIGN FUNDS -HEAD- Sec. 434. Reporting requirements -STATUTE- (a) Receipts and disbursements by treasurers of political committees; filing requirements (1) Each treasurer of a political committee shall file reports of receipts and disbursements in accordance with the provisions of this subsection. The treasurer shall sign each such report. (2) If the political committee is the principal campaign committee of a candidate for the House of Representatives or for the Senate - (A) in any calendar year during which there is (!1) regularly scheduled election for which such candidate is seeking election, or nomination for election, the treasurer shall file the following reports: (i) a pre-election report, which shall be filed no later than the 12th day before (or posted by any of the following: registered mail, certified mail, priority mail having a delivery confirmation, or express mail having a delivery confirmation, or delivered to an overnight delivery service with an on-line tracking system, if posted or delivered no later than the 15th day before) any election in which such candidate is seeking election, or nomination for election, and which shall be complete as of the 20th day before such election; (ii) a post-general election report, which shall be filed no later than the 30th day after any general election in which such candidate has sought election, and which shall be complete as of the 20th day after such general election; and (iii) additional quarterly reports, which shall be filed no later than the 15th day after the last day of each calendar quarter, and which shall be complete as of the last day of each calendar quarter: except that the report for the quarter ending December 31 shall be filed no later than January 31 of the following calendar year; and (B) in any other calendar year the treasurer shall file quarterly reports, which shall be filed not later than the 15th day after the last day of each calendar quarter, and which shall be complete as of the last day of each calendar quarter, except that the report for the quarter ending December 31 shall be filed not later than January 31 of the following calendar year. (3) If the committee is the principal campaign committee of a candidate for the office of President - (A) in any calendar year during which a general election is held to fill such office - (i) the treasurer shall file monthly reports if such committee has on January 1 of such year, received contributions aggregating $100,000 or made expenditures aggregating $100,000 or anticipates receiving contributions aggregating $100,000 or more or making expenditures aggregating $100,000 or more during such year: such monthly reports shall be filed no later than the 20th day after the last day of each month and shall be complete as of the last day of the month, except that, in lieu of filing the report otherwise due in November and December, a pre-general election report shall be filed in accordance with paragraph (2)(A)(i), a post-general election report shall be filed in accordance with paragraph (2)(A)(ii), and a year end report shall be filed no later than January 31 of the following calendar year; (ii) the treasurer of the other principal campaign committees of a candidate for the office of President shall file a pre- election report or reports in accordance with paragraph (2)(A)(i), a post-general election report in accordance with paragraph (2)(A)(ii), and quarterly reports in accordance with paragraph (2)(A)(iii); and (iii) if at any time during the election year a committee filing under paragraph (3)(A)(ii) receives contributions in excess of $100,000 or makes expenditures in excess of $100,000, the treasurer shall begin filing monthly reports under paragraph (3)(A)(i) at the next reporting period; and (B) in any other calendar year, the treasurer shall file either - (i) monthly reports, which shall be filed no later than the 20th day after the last day of each month and shall be complete as of the last day of the month; or (ii) quarterly reports, which shall be filed no later than the 15th day after the last day of each calendar quarter and which shall be complete as of the last day of each calendar quarter. (4) All political committees other than authorized committees of a candidate shall file either - (A)(i) quarterly reports, in a calendar year in which a regularly scheduled general election is held, which shall be filed no later than the 15th day after the last day of each calendar quarter: except that the report for the quarter ending on December 31 of such calendar year shall be filed no later than January 31 of the following calendar year; (ii) a pre-election report, which shall be filed no later than the 12th day before (or posted by any of the following: registered mail, certified mail, priority mail having a delivery confirmation, or express mail having a delivery confirmation, or delivered to an overnight delivery service with an on-line tracking system, if posted or delivered no later than the 15th day before) any election in which the committee makes a contribution to or expenditure on behalf of a candidate in such election, and which shall be complete as of the 20th day before the election; (iii) a post-general election report, which shall be filed no later than the 30th day after the general election and which shall be complete as of the 20th day after such general election; and (iv) in any other calendar year, a report covering the period beginning January 1 and ending June 30, which shall be filed no later than July 31 and a report covering the period beginning July 1 and ending December 31, which shall be filed no later than January 31 of the following calendar year; or (B) monthly reports in all calendar years which shall be filed no later than the 20th day after the last day of the month and shall be complete as of the last day of the month, except that, in lieu of filing the reports otherwise due in November and December of any year in which a regularly scheduled general election is held, a pre-general election report shall be filed in accordance with paragraph (2)(A)(i), a post-general election report shall be filed in accordance with paragraph (2)(A)(ii), and a year end report shall be filed no later than January 31 of the following calendar year. Notwithstanding the preceding sentence, a national committee of a political party shall file the reports required under subparagraph (B). (5) If a designation, report, or statement filed pursuant to this Act (other than under paragraph (2)(A)(i) or (4)(A)(ii) or subsection (g)(1) of this section) is sent by registered mail, certified mail, priority mail having a delivery confirmation, or express mail having a delivery confirmation, the United States postmark shall be considered the date of filing the designation, report or statement. If a designation, report or statement filed pursuant to this Act (other than under paragraph (2)(A)(i) or (4)(A)(ii), or subsection (g)(1) of this section) is sent by an overnight delivery service with an on-line tracking system, the date on the proof of delivery to the delivery service shall be considered the date of filing of the designation, report, or statement. (6)(A) The principal campaign committee of a candidate shall notify the Secretary or the Commission, and the Secretary of State, as appropriate, in writing, of any contribution of $1,000 or more received by any authorized committee of such candidate after the 20th day, but more than 48 hours before, any election. This notification shall be made within 48 hours after the receipt of such contribution and shall include the name of the candidate and the office sought by the candidate, the identification of the contributor, and the date of receipt and amount of the contribution. (B) Notification of expenditure from personal funds. - (i) Definition of expenditure from personal funds. - In this subparagraph, the term "expenditure from personal funds" means - (I) an expenditure made by a candidate using personal funds; and (II) a contribution or loan made by a candidate using personal funds or a loan secured using such funds to the candidate's authorized committee. (ii) Declaration of intent. - Not later than the date that is 15 days after the date on which an individual becomes a candidate for the office of Senator, the candidate shall file a declaration stating the total amount of expenditures from personal funds that the candidate intends to make, or to obligate to make, with respect to the election that will exceed the State-by-State competitive and fair campaign formula with - (I) the Commission; and (II) each candidate in the same election. (iii) Initial notification. - Not later than 24 hours after a candidate described in clause (ii) makes or obligates to make an aggregate amount of expenditures from personal funds in excess of 2 times the threshold amount in connection with any election, the candidate shall file a notification with - (I) the Commission; and (II) each candidate in the same election. (iv) Additional notification. - After a candidate files an initial notification under clause (iii), the candidate shall file an additional notification each time expenditures from personal funds are made or obligated to be made in an aggregate amount that exceed (!2) $10,000 with - (I) the Commission; and (II) each candidate in the same election. Such notification shall be filed not later than 24 hours after the expenditure is made. (v) Contents. - A notification under clause (iii) or (iv) shall include - (I) the name of the candidate and the office sought by the candidate; (II) the date and amount of each expenditure; and (III) the total amount of expenditures from personal funds that the candidate has made, or obligated to make, with respect to an election as of the date of the expenditure that is the subject of the notification. (C) Notification of disposal of excess contributions. - In the next regularly scheduled report after the date of the election for which a candidate seeks nomination for election to, or election to, Federal office, the candidate or the candidate's authorized committee shall submit to the Commission a report indicating the source and amount of any excess contributions (as determined under paragraph (1) of section 441a(i) of this title) and the manner in which the candidate or the candidate's authorized committee used such funds. (D) Enforcement. - For provisions providing for the enforcement of the reporting requirements under this paragraph, see section 437g of this title. (E) The notification required under this paragraph shall be in addition to all other reporting requirements under this Act. (7) The reports required to be filed by this subsection shall be cumulative during the calendar year to which they relate, but where there has been no change in an item reported in a previous report during such year, only the amount need be carried forward. (8) The requirement for a political committee to file a quarterly report under paragraph (2)(A)(iii) or paragraph (4)(A)(i) shall be waived if such committee is required to file a pre-election report under paragraph (2)(A)(i), or paragraph (4)(A)(ii) during the period beginning on the 5th day after the close of the calendar quarter and ending on the 15th day after the close of the calendar quarter. (9) The Commission shall set filing dates for reports to be filed by principal campaign committees of candidates seeking election, or nomination for election, in special elections and political committees filing under paragraph (4)(A) which make contributions to or expenditures on behalf of a candidate or candidates in special elections. The Commission shall require no more than one pre-election report for each election and one post-election report for the election which fills the vacancy. The Commission may waive any reporting obligation of committees required to file for special elections if any report required by paragraph (2) or (4) is required to be filed within 10 days of a report required under this subsection. The Commission shall establish the reporting dates within 5 days of the setting of such election and shall publish such dates and notify the principal campaign committees of all candidates in such election of the reporting dates. (10) The treasurer of a committee supporting a candidate for the office of Vice President (other than the nominee of a political party) shall file reports in accordance with paragraph (3). (11)(A) The Commission shall promulgate a regulation under which a person required to file a designation, statement, or report under this Act - (i) is required to maintain and file a designation, statement, or report for any calendar year in electronic form accessible by computers if the person has, or has reason to expect to have, aggregate contributions or expenditures in excess of a threshold amount determined by the Commission; and (ii) may maintain and file a designation, statement, or report in electronic form or an alternative form if not required to do so under the regulation promulgated under clause (i). (B) The Commission shall make a designation, statement, report, or notification that is filed with the Commission under this Act available for inspection by the public in the offices of the Commission and accessible to the public on the Internet not later than 48 hours (or not later than 24 hours in the case of a designation, statement, report, or notification filed electronically) after receipt by the Commission. (C) In promulgating a regulation under this paragraph, the Commission shall provide methods (other than requiring a signature on the document being filed) for verifying designations, statements, and reports covered by the regulation. Any document verified under any of the methods shall be treated for all purposes (including penalties for perjury) in the same manner as a document verified by signature. (D) As used in this paragraph, the term "report" means, with respect to the Commission, a report, designation, or statement required by this Act to be filed with the Commission. (12) Software for filing of reports. - (A) In general. - The Commission shall - (i) promulgate standards to be used by vendors to develop software that - (I) permits candidates to easily record information concerning receipts and disbursements required to be reported under this Act at the time of the receipt or disbursement; (II) allows the information recorded under subclause (I) to be transmitted immediately to the Commission; and (III) allows the Commission to post the information on the Internet immediately upon receipt; and (ii) make a copy of software that meets the standards promulgated under clause (i) available to each person required to file a designation, statement, or report in electronic form under this Act. (B) Additional information. - To the extent feasible, the Commission shall require vendors to include in the software developed under the standards under subparagraph (A) the ability for any person to file any designation, statement, or report required under this Act in electronic form. (C) Required use. - Notwithstanding any provision of this Act relating to times for filing reports, each candidate for Federal office (or that candidate's authorized committee) shall use software that meets the standards promulgated under this paragraph once such software is made available to such candidate. (D) Required posting. - The Commission shall, as soon as practicable, post on the Internet any information received under this paragraph. (b) Contents of reports Each report under this section shall disclose - (1) the amount of cash on hand at the beginning of the reporting period; (2) for the reporting period and the calendar year (or election cycle, in the case of an authorized committee of a candidate for Federal office), the total amount of all receipts, and the total amount of all receipts in the following categories: (A) contributions from persons other than political committees; (B) for an authorized committee, contributions from the candidate; (C) contributions from political party committees; (D) contributions from other political committees; (E) for an authorized committee, transfers from other authorized committees of the same candidate; (F) transfers from affiliated committees and, where the reporting committee is a political party committee, transfers from other political party committees, regardless of whether such committees are affiliated; (G) for an authorized committee, loans made by or guaranteed by the candidate; (H) all other loans; (I) rebates, refunds, and other offsets to operating expenditures; (J) dividends, interest, and other forms of receipts; and (K) for an authorized committee of a candidate for the office of President, Federal funds received under chapter 95 and chapter 96 of title 26; (3) the identification of each - (A) person (other than a political committee) who makes a contribution to the reporting committee during the reporting period, whose contribution or contributions have an aggregate amount or value in excess of $200 within the calendar year (or election cycle, in the case of an authorized committee of a candidate for Federal office), or in any lesser amount if the reporting committee should so elect, together with the date and amount of any such contribution; (B) political committee which makes a contribution to the reporting committee during the reporting period, together with the date and amount of any such contribution; (C) authorized committee which makes a transfer to the reporting committee; (D) affiliated committee which makes a transfer to the reporting committee during the reporting period and, where the reporting committee is a political party committee, each transfer of funds to the reporting committee from another political party committee, regardless of whether such committees are affiliated, together with the date and amount of such transfer; (E) person who makes a loan to the reporting committee during the reporting period, together with the identification of any endorser or guarantor of such loan, and the date and amount or value of such loan; (F) person who provides a rebate, refund, or other offset to operating expenditures to the reporting committee in an aggregate amount or value in excess of $200 within the calendar year (or election cycle, in the case of an authorized committee of a candidate for Federal office), together with the date and amount of such receipt; and (G) person who provides any dividend, interest, or other receipt to the reporting committee in an aggregate value or amount in excess of $200 within the calendar year (or election cycle, in the case of an authorized committee of a candidate for Federal office), together with the date and amount of any such receipt; (4) for the reporting period and the calendar year (or election cycle, in the case of an authorized committee of a candidate for Federal office), the total amount of all disbursements, and all disbursements in the following categories: (A) expenditures made to meet candidate or committee operating expenses; (B) for authorized committees, transfers to other committees authorized by the same candidate; (C) transfers to affiliated committees and, where the reporting committee is a political party committee, transfers to other political party committees, regardless of whether they are affiliated; (D) for an authorized committee, repayment of loans made by or guaranteed by the candidate; (E) repayment of all other loans; (F) contribution refunds and other offsets to contributions; (G) for an authorized committee, any other disbursements; (H) for any political committee other than an authorized committee - (i) contributions made to other political committees; (ii) loans made by the reporting committees; (iii) independent expenditures; (iv) expenditures made under section 441a(d) of this title; and (v) any other disbursements; and (I) for an authorized committee of a candidate for the office of President, disbursements not subject to the limitation of section 441a(b) of this title; (5) the name and address of each - (A) person to whom an expenditure in an aggregate amount or value in excess of $200 within the calendar year is made by the reporting committee to meet a candidate or committee operating expense, together with the date, amount, and purpose of such operating expenditure; (B) authorized committee to which a transfer is made by the reporting committee; (C) affiliated committee to which a transfer is made by the reporting committee during the reporting period and, where the reporting committee is a political party committee, each transfer of funds by the reporting committee to another political party committee, regardless of whether such committees are affiliated, together with the date and amount of such transfers; (D) person who receives a loan repayment from the reporting committee during the reporting period, together with the date and amount of such loan repayment; and (E) person who receives a contribution refund or other offset to contributions from the reporting committee where such contribution was reported under paragraph (3)(A) of this subsection, together with the date and amount of such disbursement; (6)(A) for an authorized committee, the name and address of each person who has received any disbursement not disclosed under paragraph (5) in an aggregate amount or value in excess of $200 within the calendar year (or election cycle, in the case of an authorized committee of a candidate for Federal office), together with the date and amount of any such disbursement; (B) for any other political committee, the name and address of each - (i) political committee which has received a contribution from the reporting committee during the reporting period, together with the date and amount of any such contribution; (ii) person who has received a loan from the reporting committee during the reporting period, together with the date and amount of such loan; (iii) person who receives any disbursement during the reporting period in an aggregate amount or value in excess of $200 within the calendar year (or election cycle, in the case of an authorized committee of a candidate for Federal office), in connection with an independent expenditure by the reporting committee, together with the date, amount, and purpose of any such independent expenditure and a statement which indicates whether such independent expenditure is in support of, or in opposition to, a candidate, as well as the name and office sought by such candidate, and a certification, under penalty of perjury, whether such independent expenditure is made in cooperation, consultation, or concert, with, or at the request or suggestion of, any candidate or any authorized committee or agent of such committee; (iv) person who receives any expenditure from the reporting committee during the reporting period in connection with an expenditure under section 441a(d) of this title, together with the date, amount, and purpose of any such expenditure as well as the name of, and office sought by, the candidate on whose behalf the expenditure is made; and (v) person who has received any disbursement not otherwise disclosed in this paragraph or paragraph (5) in an aggregate amount or value in excess of $200 within the calendar year (or election cycle, in the case of an authorized committee of a candidate for Federal office), from the reporting committee within the reporting period, together with the date, amount, and purpose of any such disbursement; (7) the total sum of all contributions to such political committee, together with the total contributions less offsets to contributions and the total sum of all operating expenditures made by such political committee, together with total operating expenditures less offsets to operating expenditures, for both the reporting period and the calendar year (or election cycle, in the case of an authorized committee of a candidate for Federal office); and (8) the amount and nature of outstanding debts and obligations owed by or to such political committee; and where such debts and obligations are settled for less than their reported amount or value, a statement as to the circumstances and conditions under which such debts or obligations were extinguished and the consideration therefor. (c) Statements by other than political committees; filing; contents; indices of expenditures (1) Every person (other than a political committee) who makes independent expenditures in an aggregate amount or value in excess of $250 during a calendar year shall file a statement containing the information required under subsection (b)(3)(A) of this section for all contributions received by such person. (2) Statements required to be filed by this subsection shall be filed in accordance with subsection (a)(2) of this section, and shall include - (A) the information required by subsection (b)(6)(B)(iii) of this section, indicating whether the independent expenditure is in support of, or in opposition to, the candidate involved; (B) under penalty of perjury, a certification whether or not such independent expenditure is made in cooperation, consultation, or concert, with, or at the request or suggestion of, any candidate or any authorized committee or agent of such candidate; and (C) the identification of each person who made a contribution in excess of $200 to the person filing such statement which was made for the purpose of furthering an independent expenditure. (3) The Commission shall be responsible for expeditiously preparing indices which set forth, on a candidate-by-candidate basis, all independent expenditures separately, including those reported under subsection (b)(6)(B)(iii) of this section, made by or for each candidate, as reported under this subsection, and for periodically publishing such indices on a timely pre-election basis. (d) Filing by facsimile device or electronic mail (1) Any person who is required to file a statement under subsection (c) or (g) of this section, except statements required to be filed electronically pursuant to subsection (a)(11)(A)(i) of this section may file the statement by facsimile device or electronic mail, in accordance with such regulations as the Commission may promulgate. (2) The Commission shall make a document which is filed electronically with the Commission pursuant to this paragraph accessible to the public on the Internet not later than 24 hours after the document is received by the Commission. (3) In promulgating a regulation under this paragraph, the Commission shall provide methods (other than requiring a signature on the document being filed) for verifying the documents covered by the regulation. Any document verified under any of the methods shall be treated for all purposes (including penalties for perjury) in the same manner as a document verified by signature. (e) Political committees (1) National and congressional political committees The national committee of a political party, any national congressional campaign committee of a political party, and any subordinate committee of either, shall report all receipts and disbursements during the reporting period. (2) Other political committees to which section 441i applies (A) In general In addition to any other reporting requirements applicable under this Act, a political committee (not described in paragraph (1)) to which section 441i(b)(1) of this title applies shall report all receipts and disbursements made for activities described in section 431(20)(A) of this title, unless the aggregate amount of such receipts and disbursements during the calendar year is less than $5,000. (B) Specific disclosure by State and local parties of certain non-Federal amounts permitted to be spent on Federal election activity Each report by a political committee under subparagraph (A) of receipts and disbursements made for activities described in section 431(20)(A) of this title shall include a disclosure of all receipts and disbursements described in section 441i(b)(2)(A) and (B) of this title. (3) Itemization If a political committee has receipts or disbursements to which this subsection applies from or to any person aggregating in excess of $200 for any calendar year, the political committee shall separately itemize its reporting for such person in the same manner as required in paragraphs (3)(A), (5), and (6) of subsection (b) of this section. (4) Reporting periods Reports required to be filed under this subsection shall be filed for the same time periods required for political committees under subsection (a)(4)(B) of this section. (f) Disclosure of electioneering communications (1) Statement required Every person who makes a disbursement for the direct costs of producing and airing electioneering communications in an aggregate amount in excess of $10,000 during any calendar year shall, within 24 hours of each disclosure date, file with the Commission a statement containing the information described in paragraph (2). (2) Contents of statement Each statement required to be filed under this subsection shall be made under penalty of perjury and shall contain the following information: (A) The identification of the person making the disbursement, of any person sharing or exercising direction or control over the activities of such person, and of the custodian of the books and accounts of the person making the disbursement. (B) The principal place of business of the person making the disbursement, if not an individual. (C) The amount of each disbursement of more than $200 during the period covered by the statement and the identification of the person to whom the disbursement was made. (D) The elections to which the electioneering communications pertain and the names (if known) of the candidates identified or to be identified. (E) If the disbursements were paid out of a segregated bank account which consists of funds contributed solely by individuals who are United States citizens or nationals or lawfully admitted for permanent residence (as defined in section 1101(a)(20) of title 8) directly to this account for electioneering communications, the names and addresses of all contributors who contributed an aggregate amount of $1,000 or more to that account during the period beginning on the first day of the preceding calendar year and ending on the disclosure date. Nothing in this subparagraph is to be construed as a prohibition on the use of funds in such a segregated account for a purpose other than electioneering communications. (F) If the disbursements were paid out of funds not described in subparagraph (E), the names and addresses of all contributors who contributed an aggregate amount of $1,000 or more to the person making the disbursement during the period beginning on the first day of the preceding calendar year and ending on the disclosure date. (3) Electioneering communication For purposes of this subsection - (A) In general (i) The term "electioneering communication" means any broadcast, cable, or satellite communication which - (I) refers to a clearly identified candidate for Federal office; (II) is made within - (aa) 60 days before a general, special, or runoff election for the office sought by the candidate; or (bb) 30 days before a primary or preference election, or a convention or caucus of a political party that has authority to nominate a candidate, for the office sought by the candidate; and (III) in the case of a communication which refers to a candidate for an office other than President or Vice President, is targeted to the relevant electorate. (ii) If clause (i) is held to be constitutionally insufficient by final judicial decision to support the regulation provided herein, then the term "electioneering communication" means any broadcast, cable, or satellite communication which promotes or supports a candidate for that office, or attacks or opposes a candidate for that office (regardless of whether the communication expressly advocates a vote for or against a candidate) and which also is suggestive of no plausible meaning other than an exhortation to vote for or against a specific candidate. Nothing in this subparagraph shall be construed to affect the interpretation or application of section 100.22(b) of title 11, Code of Federal Regulations. (B) Exceptions The term "electioneering communication" does not include - (i) a communication appearing in a news story, commentary, or editorial distributed through the facilities of any broadcasting station, unless such facilities are owned or controlled by any political party, political committee, or candidate; (ii) a communication which constitutes an expenditure or an independent expenditure under this Act; (iii) a communication which constitutes a candidate debate or forum conducted pursuant to regulations adopted by the Commission, or which solely promotes such a debate or forum and is made by or on behalf of the person sponsoring the debate or forum; or (iv) any other communication exempted under such regulations as the Commission may promulgate (consistent with the requirements of this paragraph) to ensure the appropriate implementation of this paragraph, except that under any such regulation a communication may not be exempted if it meets the requirements of this paragraph and is described in section 431(20)(A)(iii) of this title. (C) Targeting to relevant electorate For purposes of this paragraph, a communication which refers to a clearly identified candidate for Federal office is "targeted to the relevant electorate" if the communication can be received by 50,000 or more persons - (i) in the district the candidate seeks to represent, in the case of a candidate for Representative in, or Delegate or Resident Commissioner to, the Congress; or (ii) in the State the candidate seeks to represent, in the case of a candidate for Senator. (4) Disclosure date For purposes of this subsection, the term "disclosure date" means - (A) the first date during any calendar year by which a person has made disbursements for the direct costs of producing or airing electioneering communications aggregating in excess of $10,000; and (B) any other date during such calendar year by which a person has made disbursements for the direct costs of producing or airing electioneering communications aggregating in excess of $10,000 since the most recent disclosure date for such calendar year. (5) Contracts to disburse For purposes of this subsection, a person shall be treated as having made a disbursement if the person has executed a contract to make the disbursement. (6) Coordination with other requirements Any requirement to report under this subsection shall be in addition to any other reporting requirement under this Act. (7) Coordination with title 26 Nothing in this subsection may be construed to establish, modify, or otherwise affect the definition of political activities or electioneering activities (including the definition of participating in, intervening in, or influencing or attempting to influence a political campaign on behalf of or in opposition to any candidate for public office) for purposes of title 26. (g) Time for reporting certain expenditures (1) Expenditures aggregating $1,000 (A) Initial report A person (including a political committee) that makes or contracts to make independent expenditures aggregating $1,000 or more after the 20th day, but more than 24 hours, before the date of an election shall file a report describing the expenditures within 24 hours. (B) Additional reports After a person files a report under subparagraph (A), the person shall file an additional report within 24 hours after each time the person makes or contracts to make independent expenditures aggregating an additional $1,000 with respect to the same election as that to which the initial report relates. (2) Expenditures aggregating $10,000 (A) Initial report A person (including a political committee) that makes or contracts to make independent expenditures aggregating $10,000 or more at any time up to and including the 20th day before the date of an election shall file a report describing the expenditures within 48 hours. (B) Additional reports After a person files a report under subparagraph (A), the person shall file an additional report within 48 hours after each time the person makes or contracts to make independent expenditures aggregating an additional $10,000 with respect to the same election as that to which the initial report relates. (3) Place of filing; contents A report under this subsection - (A) shall be filed with the Commission; and (B) shall contain the information required by subsection (b)(6)(B)(iii) of this section, including the name of each candidate whom an expenditure is intended to support or oppose. (4) Time of filing for expenditures aggregating $1,000 Notwithstanding subsection (a)(5) of this section, the time at which the statement under paragraph (1) is received by the Commission or any other recipient to whom the notification is required to be sent shall be considered the time of filing of the statement with the recipient. (h) Reports from Inaugural Committees The Federal Election Commission shall make any report filed by an Inaugural Committee under section 510 of title 36 accessible to the public at the offices of the Commission and on the Internet not later than 48 hours after the report is received by the Commission. -SOURCE- (Pub. L. 92-225, title III, Sec. 304, Feb. 7, 1972, 86 Stat. 14; Pub. L. 93-443, title II, Secs. 204(a)-(d), 208(c)(4), Oct. 15, 1974, 88 Stat. 1276-1278, 1286; Pub. L. 94-283, title I, Sec. 104, May 11, 1976, 90 Stat. 480; Pub. L. 96-187, title I, Sec. 104, Jan. 8, 1980, 93 Stat. 1348; Pub. L. 99-514, Sec. 2, Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2095; Pub. L. 104-79, Secs. 1(a), 3(b), Dec. 28, 1995, 109 Stat. 791, 792; Pub. L. 106-58, title VI, Secs. 639(a), 641(a), Sept. 29, 1999, 113 Stat. 476, 477; Pub. L. 106-346, Sec. 101(a) [title V, Sec. 502(a), (c)], Oct. 23, 2000, 114 Stat. 1356, 1356A- 49; Pub. L. 107-155, title I, Sec. 103(a), title II, Secs. 201(a), 212, title III, Secs. 304(b), 306, 308(b), title V, Secs. 501, 503, Mar. 27, 2002, 116 Stat. 87, 88, 93, 99, 102, 104, 114, 115; Pub. L. 108-199, div. F, title VI, Sec. 641, Jan. 23, 2004, 118 Stat. 359.) -REFTEXT- REFERENCES IN TEXT This Act, referred to in text, means the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971, as amended, as defined by section 431 of this title. -MISC1- PRIOR PROVISIONS Provisions similar to those comprising subsec. (c) of this section were contained in section 305 of Pub. L. 92-225, title III, Feb. 7, 1972, 86 Stat. 16 (section 435 of this title) prior to amendment of section 305 of Pub. L. 92-225 by Pub. L. 93-433. AMENDMENTS 2004 - Subsec. (a)(2)(A)(i), (4)(A)(ii). Pub. L. 108-199, Sec. 641(1), substituted "(or posted by any of the following: registered mail, certified mail, priority mail having a delivery confirmation, or express mail having a delivery confirmation, or delivered to an overnight delivery service with an on-line tracking system, if posted or delivered no later than the 15th day before)" for "(or posted by registered or certified mail no later than the 15th day before)". Subsec. (a)(5). Pub. L. 108-199, Sec. 641(2), added par. (5) and struck out former par. (5) which read as follows: "If a designation, report, or statement filed pursuant to this Act (other than under paragraph (2)(A)(