-CITE- 22 USC CHAPTER 21 - SETTLEMENT OF INTERNATIONAL CLAIMS 01/02/2006 -EXPCITE- TITLE 22 - FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE CHAPTER 21 - SETTLEMENT OF INTERNATIONAL CLAIMS -HEAD- CHAPTER 21 - SETTLEMENT OF INTERNATIONAL CLAIMS -MISC1- SUBCHAPTER I - GENERAL PROVISIONS Sec. 1621. Definitions. 1622. Establishment of Commission. (a), (b) Repealed. (c) Rules and regulations; termination date; removal of personnel; reports. 1622a. Transfer of Foreign Claims Settlement Commission of the United States to Department of Justice. 1622b. Transfer of functions, powers, and duties of Foreign Claims Settlement Commission of the United States. 1622c. Membership of Foreign Claims Settlement Commission of the United States. (a) Composition of Commission; appointment and compensation of Chairman. (b) Appointment and compensation of members other than Chairman. (c) Terms of office. (d) Continuation in office of existing members. 1622d. Appointment and compensation of officers and employees of Foreign Claims Settlement Commission of the United States; allowances and benefits; utilization of other Federal facilities. 1622e. Vesting of all non-adjudicatory functions, powers, and duties in Chairman of Foreign Claims Settlement Commission of the United States. 1622f. Administrative support and services to Foreign Claims Settlement Commission of the United States by Attorney General. 1622g. Independence of Foreign Claims Settlement Commission of the United States; finality of Commission decisions. 1623. Claims. (a) Jurisdiction of Commission; bases for determination; fair market value. (b) Notice of filing time; publication; basis of decisions; finality of decision. (c) Administration of oaths; examination of witnesses; subpenas; reporting of hearings; witness fees; contempt. (d) Depositions. (e) Penalties. (f) Attorney's fees; limitation. (g) Representation by United States; payments. (h) Notification of disposition of claims; right to hearing; finality of Commission's decision. (i) Separation of awards. (j) Compliance with administrative procedure law. (k) Compliance with principles of international law, justice and equity; fair market value. 1624. Certification of awards; certification of claims. 1625. Omitted. 1626. Payments. (a) Principal and interest; regulations. (b) Deductions; coverage into Treasury; reimbursement for expenses. (c) To whom made; exceptions. (d) Erroneous payments as bar to further recovery. (e) Acquiescence in conditions of subchapter. (f) Non-assumption of liability by United States on claims against foreign governments. 1627. Creation of special funds in Treasury. (a) Credits to, and payment from funds. (b) Credits to Yugoslav Claims Fund; credits to other funds. (c) Payment of awards. (d) Payment of balance to Yugoslav Government; certification of adjudication costs; finality of certification. (e) Payments; priorities. (f) People's Republic of China; claim payment priorities. (g) Authority to invest and recover expenses from funds. SUBCHAPTER II - VESTING AND LIQUIDATION OF BULGARIAN, HUNGARIAN, AND RUMANIAN PROPERTY 1631. Definitions. 1631a. Property owned by Bulgaria, Hungary, and Rumania or any national thereof. (a) Vesting of property; liquidation; disposition of net proceeds. (b) Net proceeds of property vested in Alien Property Custodian or Attorney General. (c) Determination of ownership by natural person of vested property. (d) Furnishing of information; production of books and records. 1631b. Cancellation and issuance of shares of stock or other beneficial interest in corporation. 1631c. Filing of order of conveyance. 1631d. Acquittance and discharge of obligation. 1631e. Rules by district courts; appeals. 1631f. Claims to vested property. (a) Action for return of property; jurisdiction; complaint; custody of property until final determination. (b) Notice of claim; review of denial. (c) Exclusiveness of relief. (d) Recovery for conservation, preservation or maintenance of property. 1631g. Payment of debts. (a) Claims allowable; defenses. (b) Time limit for filing claims; extension; notice. (c) Examination of claims; finality of determination. (d) Fund for debt payments. (e) Amount payable; disallowance; notice; review; additional evidence; judgment. (f) Schedule of debt claims allowed; notice; review; additional evidence; intervention; judgment. (g) Priority of claims. (h) Priority as debt due United States. (i) Exclusiveness of relief. 1631h. Hearings on claims; rules and regulations; delegation of powers. 1631i. Limitations. 1631j. Fees of agents, attorneys, or representatives. 1631k. Taxes. (a) Liability. (b) Payment by designee; liability of former owner; enforcement of tax liability; transfer of property. (c) Computation; suspension of limitations. (d) "Tax" defined. 1631l. Determination of expenses and time for filing suit, notice of claim and debt claim. 1631m. Lien, attachment, garnishment, etc., of transferred property. 1631n. Penalties. 1631o. Eligibility for return of interest in property. (a) Persons eligible; determination; prerequisites. (b) Notice of claim; time of claim; fund for payment. (c) Finality of determination. SUBCHAPTER III - CLAIMS AGAINST BULGARIA, HUNGARY, RUMANIA, ITALY, AND THE SOVIET UNION 1641. Definitions. 1641a. Claims funds. (a) Establishment; coverage into Treasury; deduction. (b) Bulgarian and Rumanian fund. (c) Hungarian fund. 1641b. Claims of nationals of the United States against Bulgaria, Hungary, and Rumania. 1641c. Claims of nationals of the United States against Italy. (a) Claims not provided for in peace treaty. (b) Individuals who fail to file claims. (c) Territory ceded by Italy. (d) Time within which to file; publication in Federal Register. (e) Certification of awards. (f) Transfers from Italian Claims Fund to War Claims Fund. 1641d. Claims of nationals of the United States against the Soviet Union. (a) Claims prior to November 16, 1933. (b) Federal and State court judgments. (c) Preferences. 1641e. Filing of claims; notice in Federal Register. (a) Time period. (b) Property taken in Bulgaria and Rumania. (c) Property taken in Hungary. (d) Failure to receive notice on Hungarian claims. 1641f. Amount of award. 1641g. Certification of awards. 1641h. Funds for payment of claims. 1641i. Payment of awards. (a) Manner of payment. (b) Regulations. (c) "Award" defined. (d) Consolidated award. 1641j. Claims by corporations or other legal entities. 1641k. Prohibition against payment of award to collaborators or disloyal persons. 1641l. Unpaid balance of claim; claims of United States unaffected. 1641m. Finality of action of Commission. 1641n. Appropriations. 1641o. Time limitation on completion of affairs of Commission. (a) Claims against Russian nationals. (b) Property taken in Bulgaria and Rumania; claims against Italy. (c) Property taken in Hungary. 1641p. Fees of agents, attorneys, or representatives. (a) Maximum remuneration; penalty for violation. (b) Petition for payment in excess of maximum; determination by Commission not subject to review. 1641q. Applicability of administrative provisions of subchapter I. SUBCHAPTER IV - CLAIMS AGAINST CZECHOSLOVAKIA 1642. Definitions. 1642a. Financial provisions. (a) Deposit of proceeds of certain property. (b) Creation of Czechoslovakian Claims Fund. (c) Voluntary settlement and payment of claims of nationals of the United States. (d) Deposit of net proceeds into Fund. (e) Deductions for expenses. (f) Disposition of balance of Fund. 1642b. Claims against United States; jurisdiction; limitation; preference; reserve fund. 1642c. Determination of validity and amount of claims. 1642d. Nationality requirements. 1642e. Claims based on ownership interest in corporations or other legal entities. (a) Nationals of United States. (b) Direct ownership. (c) Indirect ownership. (d) Computation of award. 1642f. Prevention of double benefits. 1642g. Consolidated awards. 1642h. Prohibition against payment of award to certain persons. 1642i. Certification of awards. 1642j. Time for filing of claims; notice. 1642k. Time limitation on completion of affairs of Commission. 1642l. Payment of awards. (a) Manner of payment. (b) Regulations. (c) "Award" defined. (d) Payment of interest of deceased persons or persons under legal disability. (e) Partial payments. 1642m. Fees of attorneys; limitation; penalty. 1642n. Transfer of records. 1642o. Applicability of administrative provisions of subchapter I. 1642p. Authorization of appropriations. SUBCHAPTER V - CLAIMS AGAINST CUBA AND CHINA 1643. Congressional declaration of purpose. 1643a. Definitions. 1643b. Receipt of claims; determination of amount and validity. (a) Claims for property loss. (b) Claims for disability or death. 1643c. Ownership of claims by nationals. (a) Requirements for consideration of claims for property loss. (b) Requirements for consideration of claims for disability or death. 1643d. Claims based on ownership interest in or debt or other obligation owing by corporations or other legal entities. (a) Nationals of the United States; charge on property. (b) Direct ownership. (c) Indirect ownership. (d) Computation of award. 1643e. Offsets. 1643f. Action of Commission with respect to claims. (a) Certification of amounts. (b) Limitation on amount of claims of assignees. 1643g. Transfer of records. 1643h. Applicability of administrative provisions of subchapter I. 1643i. Time limitation on completion of affairs of Commission. 1643j. Authorization of appropriations. 1643k. Fees for services; limitation; penalty. 1643l. Determination of ownership of claims referred by district courts of the United States. 1643m. Exclusivity of Foreign Claims Settlement Commission certification procedure. SUBCHAPTER VI - CLAIMS AGAINST GERMAN DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC 1644. Congressional declaration of purpose. 1644a. Definitions. 1644b. Receipt and determination of claims; notice by publication in Federal Register. 1644c. Ownership of claims by nationals. 1644d. Claims based on ownership interest in or debt or other obligation owing by corporations or other legal entities. (a) Nationals of the United States; charge on property. (b) Direct ownership. (c) Indirect ownership. (d) Computation of award. 1644e. Offsets. 1644f. Consolidated awards. 1644g. Claims Fund; establishment; deductions. 1644h. Certification of amounts; priority of payments. 1644i. Time limitation on completion of affairs of Commission. 1644j. Transfer of records. 1644k. Authorization of appropriations. 1644l. Fees for services; limitation; penalty. 1644m. Applicability of administrative provisions of subchapter I. SUBCHAPTER VII - CLAIMS AGAINST VIETNAM 1645. Congressional declaration of purpose. 1645a. Definitions. 1645b. Receipt and determination of claims; notice by publication in Federal Register. 1645c. Ownership of claims by nationals. 1645d. Claims based on ownership interest in or debt or other obligation owing by corporations or other legal entities. (a) Nationals of United States; charge on property. (b) Direct ownership. (c) Indirect ownership. (d) Computation of award. 1645e. Offsets. 1645f. Certifications; assigned claims. 1645g. Consolidated awards. 1645h. Claims Fund; establishment; deductions. 1645i. Award payment procedures. (a) Certification of amounts. (b) Priority of payments. (c) Regulations. 1645j. Settlement period. 1645k. Transfer of records. 1645l. Authorization of appropriations. 1645m. Fees for services; limitation; penalty. 1645n. Applicability of other statutory provisions. 1645o. Separability. -End- -CITE- 22 USC SUBCHAPTER I - GENERAL PROVISIONS 01/02/2006 -EXPCITE- TITLE 22 - FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE CHAPTER 21 - SETTLEMENT OF INTERNATIONAL CLAIMS SUBCHAPTER I - GENERAL PROVISIONS -HEAD- SUBCHAPTER I - GENERAL PROVISIONS -MISC1- AMENDMENTS 1955 - Sections 1621 to 1627 of this title which constituted the International Claims Settlement Act of 1949 were designated title I of such Act, herein referred to as subchapter I, for purposes of codification, by act Aug. 9, 1955, ch. 645, Sec. 1, 69 Stat. 562. -End- -CITE- 22 USC Sec. 1621 01/02/2006 -EXPCITE- TITLE 22 - FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE CHAPTER 21 - SETTLEMENT OF INTERNATIONAL CLAIMS SUBCHAPTER I - GENERAL PROVISIONS -HEAD- Sec. 1621. Definitions -STATUTE- For the purposes of this subchapter - (a) The term "person" shall include an individual, partnership, corporation, or the Government of the United States. (b) The term "United States" when used in a geographical sense shall include the United States, its Territories and insular possessions, and the Canal Zone. (c) The term "nationals of the United States" includes (1) persons who are citizens of the United States, and (2) persons who, though not citizens of the United States, owe permanent allegiance to the United States. It does not include aliens. (d) The term "Yugoslav Claims Agreement of 1948" means the agreement between the Governments of the United States of America and of the Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia regarding pecuniary claims of the United States and its nationals, signed July 19, 1948. -SOURCE- (Mar. 10, 1950, ch. 54, title I, Sec. 2, 64 Stat. 13; Aug. 9, 1955, ch. 645, Secs. 1, 2, 69 Stat. 562.) -REFTEXT- REFERENCES IN TEXT For definition of Canal Zone, referred to in subsec. (b), see section 3602(b) of this title. -MISC1- REFERENCES TO THIS SUBCHAPTER DEEMED TO INCLUDE SECTION 119 OF H.R. 2076 References to this subchapter deemed to include section 119 of H.R. 2076, see section 119(b) of H.R. 2076, as enacted into law by Pub. L. 104-91, set out as an Authority of Foreign Claims Settlement Commission note under section 1644 of this title. AMENDMENTS 1955 - Act Aug. 9, 1955, Sec. 1, amended credit to section by designating act Mar. 10, 1950, as "title I". Act Aug. 9, 1955, Sec. 2, substituted "subchapter" for "chapter" in opening phrase. SHORT TITLE OF 1999 AMENDMENT Pub. L. 106-155, Sec. 1, Dec. 9, 1999, 113 Stat. 1740, provided that: "This Act [amending provisions set out as a note below] may be cited as the 'U.S. Holocaust Assets Commission Extension Act of 1999'." SHORT TITLE Section 1 of act Mar. 10, 1950, provided that: "This Act [enacting this chapter] may be cited as the 'International Claims Settlement Act of 1949'." TITLES OF ACT Sections 1 and 3 of act Aug. 9, 1955, designated sections 1621 to 1627 of this title as "Title I" of act Mar. 10, 1950, which is classified to subchapter I of this chapter and added "Title II - Vesting and Liquidation of Bulgarian, Hungarian, and Rumanian Property" and "Title III - Claims Against Bulgaria, Hungary, Rumania, Italy, and the Soviet Union", which are classified to subchapters II and III, respectively, of this chapter. Pub. L. 85- 604 added Title IV, Claims Against Czechoslovakia, which is classified to subchapter IV of this chapter. Pub. L. 88-666 added Title V, Claims Against Cuba and China, which is classified to subchapter V of this chapter. Pub. L. 94-542 added Title VI, Claims Against German Democratic Republic, which is classified to subchapter VI of this chapter. Pub. L. 96-606 added Title VII, Claims Against Vietnam, which is classified to subchapter VII of this chapter. -TRANS- ABOLITION OF INTERNATIONAL CLAIMS COMMISSION AND TRANSFER OF FUNCTIONS International Claims Commission of the United States, including offices of its members, abolished and functions of Commission and of members, officers, and employees thereof transferred to Foreign Claims Settlement Commission of the United States by Reorg. Plan No. 1 of 1954, Secs. 2, 4, eff. July 1, 1954, 19 F.R. 3985, 68 Stat. 1279, set out as a note under section 1622 of this title. -MISC2- APPROPRIATIONS Section 9 of act Mar. 10, 1950, provided that: "There is hereby authorized to be appropriated, out of any money in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated, such sums as may be necessary to enable the Commission to carry out its functions under this Act [enacting this chapter]." UNITED STATES HOLOCAUST ASSETS COMMISSION Pub. L. 105-186, June 23, 1998, 112 Stat. 611, as amended by Pub. L. 106-155, Sec. 2, Dec. 9, 1999, 113 Stat. 1740, provided that: "SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. "This Act may be cited as the 'U.S. Holocaust Assets Commission Act of 1998'. "SEC. 2. ESTABLISHMENT OF COMMISSION. "(a) Establishment. - There is established a Presidential Commission, to be known as the 'Presidential Advisory Commission on Holocaust Assets in the United States' (hereafter in this Act referred to as the 'Commission'). "(b) Membership. - "(1) Number. - The Commission shall be composed of 21 members, appointed in accordance with paragraph (2). "(2) Appointments. - Of the 21 members of the Commission - "(A) eight shall be private citizens, appointed by the President; "(B) four shall be representatives of the Department of State, the Department of Justice, the Department of the Army, and the Department of the Treasury (one representative of each such Department), appointed by the President; "(C) two shall be Members of the House of Representatives, appointed by the Speaker of the House of Representatives; "(D) two shall be Members of the House of Representatives, appointed by the minority leader of the House of Representatives; "(E) two shall be Members of the Senate, appointed by the majority leader of the Senate; "(F) two shall be Members of the Senate, appointed by the minority leader of the Senate; and "(G) one shall be the Chairperson of the United States Holocaust Memorial Council. "(3) Criteria for membership. - Each private citizen appointed to the Commission shall be an individual who has a record of demonstrated leadership on issues relating to the Holocaust or in the fields of commerce, culture, or education that would assist the Commission in analyzing the disposition of the assets of Holocaust victims. "(4) Advisory panels. - The Chairperson of the Commission may, in the discretion of the Chairperson, establish advisory panels to the Commission, including State or local officials, representatives of organizations having an interest in the work of the Commission, or others having expertise that is relevant to the purposes of the Commission. "(5) Date. - The appointments of the members of the Commission shall be made not later than 90 days after the date of enactment of this Act [June 23, 1998]. "(c) Chairperson. - The Chairperson of the Commission shall be selected by the President from among the members of the Commission appointed under subparagraph (A) or (B) of subsection (b)(2). "(d) Period of Appointment. - Members of the Commission shall be appointed for the life of the Commission. "(e) Vacancies. - Any vacancy in the membership of the Commission shall not affect its powers, but shall be filled in the same manner as the original appointment. "(f) Meetings. - The Commission shall meet at the call of the Chairperson at any time after the date of appointment of the Chairperson. "(g) Quorum. - 11 members of the Commission shall constitute a quorum, but a lesser number of members may hold meetings. "SEC. 3. DUTIES OF THE COMMISSION. "(a) Original Research. - "(1) In general. - Except as otherwise provided in paragraph (3), the Commission shall conduct a thorough study and develop a historical record of the collection and disposition of the assets described in paragraph (2), if such assets came into the possession or control of the Federal Government, including the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System and any Federal reserve bank, at any time after January 30, 1933 - "(A) after having been obtained from victims of the Holocaust by, on behalf of, or under authority of a government referred to in subsection (c); "(B) because such assets were left unclaimed as the result of actions taken by, on behalf of, or under authority of a government referred to in subsection (c); or "(C) in the case of assets consisting of gold bullion, monetary gold, or similar assets, after such assets had been obtained by the Nazi government of Germany from governmental institutions in any area occupied by the military forces of the Nazi government of Germany. "(2) Types of assets. - Assets described in this paragraph include - "(A) gold, including gold bullion, monetary gold, or similar assets in the possession of or under the control of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System or any Federal reserve bank; "(B) gems, jewelry, and nongold precious metals; "(C) accounts in banks in the United States; "(D) domestic financial instruments purchased before May 8, 1945, by individual victims of the Holocaust, whether recorded in the name of the victim or in the name of a nominee; "(E) insurance policies and proceeds thereof; "(F) real estate situated in the United States; "(G) works of art; and "(H) books, manuscripts, and religious objects. "(3) Coordination of activities. - In carrying out its duties under paragraph (1), the Commission shall, to the maximum extent practicable, coordinate its activities with, and not duplicate similar activities already being undertaken by, private individuals, private entities, or government entities, whether domestic or foreign. "(4) Insurance policies. - "(A) In general. - In carrying out its duties under this Act, the Commission shall take note of the work of the National Association of Insurance Commissioners with regard to Holocaust- era insurance issues and shall encourage the National Association of Insurance Commissioners to prepare a report on the Holocaust-related claims practices of all insurance companies, both domestic and foreign, doing business in the United States at any time after January 30, 1933, that issued any individual life, health, or property-casualty insurance policy to any individual on any list of Holocaust victims, including the following lists: "(i) The list maintained by the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum in Washington, D.C., of Jewish Holocaust survivors. "(ii) The list maintained by the Yad Vashem Holocaust Memorial Authority in its Hall of Names of individuals who died in the Holocaust. "(B) Information to be included. - The report on insurance companies prepared pursuant to subparagraph (A) should include the following, to the degree the information is available: "(i) The number of policies issued by each company to individuals described in such subparagraph. "(ii) The value of each policy at the time of issue. "(iii) The total number of policies, and the dollar amount, that have been paid out. "(iv) The total present-day value of assets in the United States of each company. "(C) Coordination. - The Commission shall coordinate its work on insurance issues with that of the international Washington Conference on Holocaust-Era Assets, to be convened by the Department of State and the United States Holocaust Memorial Council. "(b) Comprehensive Review of Other Research. - Upon receiving permission from any relevant individuals or entities, the Commission shall review comprehensively any research by private individuals, private entities, and non-Federal government entities, whether domestic or foreign, into the collection and disposition of the assets described in subsection (a)(2), to the extent that such research focuses on assets that came into the possession or control of private individuals, private entities, or non-Federal government entities within the United States at any time after January 30, 1933, either - "(1) after having been obtained from victims of the Holocaust by, on behalf of, or under authority of a government referred to in subsection (c); or "(2) because such assets were left unclaimed as the result of actions taken by, on behalf of, or under authority of a government referred to in subsection (c). "(c) Governments Included. - A government referred to in this subsection includes, as in existence during the period beginning on March 23, 1933, and ending on May 8, 1945 - "(1) the Nazi government of Germany; "(2) any government in any area occupied by the military forces of the Nazi government of Germany; "(3) any government established with the assistance or cooperation of the Nazi government of Germany; and "(4) any government which was an ally of the Nazi government of Germany. "(d) Reports. - "(1) Submission to the president. - Not later than December 31, 2000, the Commission shall submit a final report to the President that shall contain any recommendations for such legislative, administrative, or other action as it deems necessary or appropriate. The Commission may submit interim reports to the President as it deems appropriate. "(2) Submission to the congress. - After receipt of the final report under paragraph (1), the President shall submit to the Congress any recommendations for legislative, administrative, or other action that the President considers necessary or appropriate. "SEC. 4. POWERS OF THE COMMISSION. "(a) Hearings. - The Commission may hold such hearings, sit and act at such times and places, take such testimony, and receive such evidence as the Commission considers advisable to carry out this Act. "(b) Information From Federal Agencies. - The Commission may secure directly from any Federal department or agency such information as the Commission considers necessary to carry out this Act. Upon request of the Chairperson of the Commission, the head of any such department or agency shall furnish such information to the Commission as expeditiously as possible. "(c) Postal Services. - The Commission may use the United States mails in the same manner and under the same conditions as other departments and agencies of the Federal Government. "(d) Gifts. - The Commission may accept, use, and dispose of gifts or donations of services or property. "(e) Administrative Services. - For the purposes of obtaining administrative services necessary to carry out the purposes of this Act, including the leasing of real property for use by the Commission as an office, the Commission shall have the power to - "(1) enter into contracts and modify, or consent to the modification of, any contract or agreement to which the Commission is a party; and "(2) acquire, hold, lease, maintain, or dispose of real and personal property. "SEC. 5. COMMISSION PERSONNEL MATTERS. "(a) Compensation. - No member of the Commission who is a private citizen shall be compensated for service on the Commission. All members of the Commission who are officers or employees of the United States shall serve without compensation in addition to that received for their services as officers or employees of the United States. "(b) Travel Expenses. - The members of the Commission shall be allowed travel expenses, including per diem in lieu of subsistence, at rates authorized for employees of agencies under subchapter I of chapter 57 of title 5, United States Code, while away from their homes or regular places of business in the performance of services for the Commission. "(c) Executive Director, Deputy Executive Director, General Counsel, and Other Staff. - "(1) In general. - Not later than 90 days after the selection of the Chairperson of the Commission under section 2, the Chairperson shall, without regard to the civil service laws and regulations, appoint an executive director, a deputy executive director, and a general counsel of the Commission, and such other additional personnel as may be necessary to enable the Commission to perform its duties under this Act. "(2) Qualifications. - The executive director, deputy executive director, and general counsel of the Commission shall be appointed without regard to political affiliation, and shall possess all necessary security clearances for such positions. "(3) Duties of executive director. - The executive director of the Commission shall - "(A) serve as principal liaison between the Commission and other Government entities; "(B) be responsible for the administration and coordination of the review of records by the Commission; and "(C) be responsible for coordinating all official activities of the Commission. "(4) Compensation. - The Chairperson of the Commission may fix the compensation of the executive director, deputy executive director, general counsel, and other personnel employed by the Commission, without regard to the provisions of chapter 51 and subchapter III of chapter 53 of title 5, United States Code, relating to classification of positions and General Schedule pay rates, except that - "(A) the rate of pay for the executive director of the Commission may not exceed the rate payable for level III of the Executive Schedule under section 5314 of title 5, United States Code; and "(B) the rate of pay for the deputy executive director, the general counsel of the Commission, and other Commission personnel may not exceed the rate payable for level IV of the Executive Schedule under section 5315 of title 5, United States Code. "(5) Employee benefits. - "(A) In general. - An employee of the Commission shall be an employee for purposes of chapters 83, 84, 85, 87, and 89 of title 5, United States Code, and service as an employee of the Commission shall be service for purposes of such chapters. "(B) Nonapplication to members. - This paragraph shall not apply to a member of the Commission. "(6) Office of personnel management. - The Office of Personnel Management - "(A) may promulgate regulations to apply the provisions referred to under subsection (a) to employees of the Commission; and "(B) shall provide support services, on a reimbursable basis, relating to - "(i) the initial employment of employees of the Commission; and "(ii) other personnel needs of the Commission. "(d) Detail of Government Employees. - Any Federal Government employee may be detailed to the Commission without reimbursement to the agency of that employee, and such detail shall be without interruption or loss of civil service status or privilege. "(e) Procurement of Temporary and Intermittent Services. - The Chairperson of the Commission may procure temporary and intermittent services under section 3109(b) of title 5, United States Code, at rates for individuals which do not exceed the daily equivalent of the annual rate of basic pay prescribed for level V of the Executive Schedule under section 5316 of such title. "(f) Staff Qualifications. - Any person appointed to the staff of or employed by the Commission shall be an individual of integrity and impartiality. "(g) Conditional Employment. - "(1) In general. - The Commission may offer employment on a conditional basis to a prospective employee pending the completion of any necessary security clearance background investigation. During the pendency of any such investigation, the Commission shall ensure that such conditional employee is not given and does not have access to or responsibility involving classified or otherwise restricted material. "(2) Termination. - If a person hired on a conditional basis as described in paragraph (1) is denied or otherwise does not qualify for all security clearances necessary for the fulfillment of the responsibilities of that person as an employee of the Commission, the Commission shall immediately terminate the employment of that person with the Commission. "(h) Expedited Security Clearance Procedures. - A candidate for executive director or deputy executive director of the Commission and any potential employee of the Commission shall, to the maximum extent possible, be investigated or otherwise evaluated for and granted, if applicable, any necessary security clearances on an expedited basis. "SEC. 6. ADMINISTRATIVE SUPPORT SERVICES. "Upon the request of the Commission, the Administrator of General Services shall provide to the Commission, on a reimbursable basis, the administrative support services necessary for the Commission to carry out its responsibilities under this Act. "SEC. 7. TERMINATION OF THE COMMISSION. "The Commission shall terminate 90 days after the date on which the Commission submits its final report under section 3. "SEC. 8. MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS. "(a) Inapplicability of FACA. - The Federal Advisory Committee Act (5 U.S.C. App.) does not apply to the Commission. "(b) Public Attendance. - To the maximum extent practicable, each meeting of the Commission shall be open to members of the public. "SEC. 9. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS. "There are authorized to be appropriated not more than $6,000,000, in total, for the interagency funding of activities of the Commission under this Act for fiscal years 1998, 1999, 2000, and 2001, of which, notwithstanding section 1346 of title 31, United States Code, and section 611 of the Treasury and General Government Appropriations Act, 1998 [Pub. L. 105-61, 111 Stat. 1310], $537,000 shall be made available in equal amounts from funds made available for fiscal year 1998 to the Departments of Justice, State, and the Army that are otherwise unobligated. Funds made available to the Commission pursuant to this section shall remain available for obligation until December 31, 1999." -End- -CITE- 22 USC Sec. 1622 01/02/2006 -EXPCITE- TITLE 22 - FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE CHAPTER 21 - SETTLEMENT OF INTERNATIONAL CLAIMS SUBCHAPTER I - GENERAL PROVISIONS -HEAD- Sec. 1622. Establishment of Commission -STATUTE- (a), (b) Repealed. Pub. L. 89-554, Sec. 8(a), Sept. 6, 1966, 80 Stat. 656 (c) Rules and regulations; termination date; removal of personnel; reports The Commission may prescribe such rules and regulations as may be necessary to enable it to carry out its functions, and may delegate functions to any member, officer, or employee of the Commission. The President may fix a termination date for the authority of the Commission, and the terms of office of its members under this subchapter. Any member of the Commission may be removed by the Secretary of State, upon notice and hearing, for neglect of duty, or malfeasance in office, but for no other cause. Not later than six months after its organization, and every six months thereafter, the Commission shall make a report, through the Secretary of State, to the Congress concerning its operations under this subchapter. The Commission shall, upon completion of its work, certify in duplicate to the Secretary of State and to the Secretary of the Treasury the following: (1) A list of all claims disallowed; (2) a list of all claims allowed, in whole or in part, together with the amount of each claim and the amount awarded thereon; and (3) a copy of the decision rendered in each case. -SOURCE- (Mar. 10, 1950, ch. 54, title I, Sec. 3, 64 Stat. 13; Aug. 8, 1953, ch. 396, Sec. 3, 67 Stat. 506; 1954 Reorg. Plan No. 1, Secs. 1, 2, 4, eff. July 1, 1954, 19 F.R. 3985, 68 Stat. 1279; Aug. 9, 1955, ch. 645, Secs. 1, 2, 69 Stat. 562; Pub. L. 89-554, Sec. 8(a), Sept. 6, 1966, 80 Stat. 656, 657.) -STATAMEND- ANNUAL SUBMISSION OF REPORT Pub. L. 89-348, Sec. 2(7), Nov. 8, 1965, 79 Stat. 1312, modified subsection (c) of this section to require annual submission instead of semiannual submission to the Congress by the Foreign Claims Settlement Commission of its report concerning its operations under the International Claims Settlement Act of 1949. -MISC1- REFERENCES TO THIS SUBCHAPTER DEEMED TO INCLUDE SECTION 119 OF H.R. 2076 References to this subchapter deemed to include section 119 of H.R. 2076, see section 119(b) of H.R. 2076, as enacted into law by Pub. L. 104-91, set out as an Authority of Foreign Claims Settlement Commission note under section 1644 of this title. AMENDMENTS 1966 - Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 89-554 repealed subsec. (a) which related to the composition, appointment, chairman, quorum, and acting members of the Commission. Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 89-554 repealed subsec. (b) which provided for the principal office of the Commission, and for the appointment and compensation of personnel. Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 89-554 repealed subsec. (d) which related to a limitation on additional appointments to the Commission. 1955 - Act Aug. 9, 1955, Sec. 1, amended credit to section by designating act Mar. 10, 1950, as "title I". Subsec. (c). Act Aug. 9, 1955, Sec. 2, substituted "subchapter" for "chapter". 1953 - Act Aug. 8, 1953, added par. at end which was editorially designated as subsec. (d). -TRANS- ABOLITION OF INTERNATIONAL CLAIMS COMMISSION International Claims Commission of the United States abolished by Reorg. Plan No. 1 of 1954, Sec. 4(a), eff. July 1, 1954, 19 F.R. 3985, 68 Stat. 1279, set out as a note below. ABOLITION OF FUNCTIONS OF SECRETARY OF STATE The functions of the Secretary of State under the third and fourth sentences of subsec. (c) of this section were abolished by Reorg. Plan No. 1 of 1954, Sec. 4(b), eff. July 1, 1954, 19 F.R. 3985, 68 Stat. 1279, set out as a note below. -MISC2- REORGANIZATION PLAN NO. 1 OF 1954 EFF. JULY 1, 1954, 19 F.R. 3985, 68 STAT. 1279 Prepared by the President and transmitted to the Senate and the House of Representatives in Congress assembled, April 29, 1954, pursuant to the provisions of the Reorganization Act of 1949, approved June 20, 1949, as amended [see 5 U.S.C. 901 et seq.]. FOREIGN CLAIMS SETTLEMENT COMMISSION OF THE UNITED STATES SECTION 1. ESTABLISHMENT OF COMMISSION There is hereby established the Foreign Claims Settlement Commission of the United States, hereinafter referred to as the Commission. The Commission shall be composed of three members, who shall each be appointed by the President by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, hold office during the pleasure of the President, and receive compensation at the rate of $15,000 per annum. The President shall from time to time designate one of the members of the Commission as the Chairman of the Commission, hereinafter referred to as the Chairman. Two members of the Commission shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of the business of the Commission. SEC. 2. TRANSFER OF FUNCTIONS (a) All functions of the War Claims Commission and of the members, officers, and employees thereof are hereby transferred to the Foreign Claims Settlement Commission of the United States. (b) All functions of the International Claims Commission of the United States (hereinafter referred to as the International Claims Commission) and the members, officers, and employees thereof are hereby transferred to the Foreign Claims Settlement Commission of the United States. (c) The functions of the Secretary of State and of the Department of State with respect to the International Claims Commission and its affairs, exclusive of the functions of the said Secretary and Department under sections 3(c), 4(b), and 5, and the first sentence of section 8(d), of the International Claims Settlement Act of 1949, 64 Stat. 12, as amended [22 U.S.C. 1622(c), 1623(b), 1624, and 1627(d)], are hereby transferred to the Commission. (d) The functions of the Commissioner provided for in the Joint Resolution approved August 4, 1939, ch. 421, 53 Stat. 1199, together with the functions of the Secretary of State under section 2 thereof, are hereby transferred to the Commission. SEC. 3. CERTAIN FUNCTIONS OF CHAIRMAN There are hereby vested in the Chairman all functions of the Commission with respect to the internal management of the affairs of the Commission, including but not limited to functions with respect to: (a) the appointment of personnel employed under the Commission, (b) the direction of employees of the Commission and the supervision of their official activities, (c) the distribution of business among employees and organizational units under the Commission, (d) the preparation of budget estimates, and (e) the use and expenditure of funds of the Commission available for expenses of administration. SEC. 4. ABOLITIONS (a) The War Claims Commission provided for in the War Claims Act of 1948, 62, Stat. 1240, as amended [50 App. U.S.C. 2001 et seq.] and the International Claims Commission, provided for in the International Claims Settlement Act of 1949, as amended [22 U.S.C. 1621-1627], including the offices of the members of each of the said commissions, and the office of Commissioner provided for in the aforesaid Joint Resolution of August 4, 1939, are hereby abolished. (b) The functions of the Secretary of State under the third and fourth sentences of section 3(c) of the International Claims Settlement Act of 1949, as amended [22 U.S.C. 1622(c)], are hereby abolished. SEC. 5. AUTHORIZATION TO DELEGATE The Commission is hereby authorized to delegate any of its functions to one or more persons designated by the Commission from among the members of the Commission and the officers and employees serving under the Commission. SEC. 6. TRANSITIONAL PROVISIONS (a) Any person who is a member or acting member of the War Claims Commission or of the International Claims Commission immediately prior to the taking effect of the provisions of this reorganization plan may be designated by the President as an acting member of the Foreign Claims Settlement Commission of the United States in respect of an office of member the initial appointment to which has not then been made under section 1 of this reorganization plan. Each such acting member of the said Foreign Claims Settlement Commission shall perform the duties and receive the compensation of member. Unless sooner terminated, the tenure of any acting member designated hereunder shall terminate when the office of member concerned is filled in pursuance of section 1 hereof, or 120 days after the effective date of this reorganization plan, whichever is earlier. (b) The Chairman shall make such provisions as may be necessary with respect to winding up any affairs of the agencies abolished by the provisions of this reorganization plan not otherwise provided for herein. (c) So much of the personnel, property, records, and unexpended balances of appropriations, allocations, and other funds employed, held, used, available, or to be made available, in connection with the functions transferred by section 2 of this reorganization plan as the Director of the Bureau of the Budget shall determine shall be transferred to the Commission at such time or times as the said Director shall direct. (d) Such further measures and dispositions as the Director of the Bureau of the Budget shall deem to be necessary in order to effectuate the transfers provided for in subsection (c) of this section shall be carried out in such manner as he shall direct and by such agencies as he shall designate. SEC. 7. EFFECTIVE DATE The provisions of this reorganization plan shall take effect on the date determined under section 6(a) of the Reorganization Act of 1949, as amended or the first day of July, 1954, whichever is later. [For provisions transferring the Foreign Claims Settlement Commission of the United States as a separate agency within the Department of Justice, see 22 U.S.C. 1622a et seq.] MESSAGE OF THE PRESIDENT To the Congress of the United States: I transmit herewith Reorganization Plan No. 1 of 1954, prepared in accordance with the Reorganization Act of 1949, as amended. The reorganization plan establishes a new Government agency, the Foreign Claims Settlement Commission of the United States; transfers to that Commission the functions of the War Claims Commission and of the International Claims Commission of the United States; and abolishes the latter two Commissions. The Foreign Claims Settlement Commission will be composed of three members appointed by the President by and with the advice and consent of the Senate. The President will designate one of the members as Chairman of the Commission. The Chairman will be responsible for the internal management of the affairs of the Commission. The reorganization plan contains provisions designed to assure smooth administration of functions during the period of transition to the new organization. The War Claims Commission was created as a temporary agency by the War Claims Act of 1948. The Commission was made responsible for settling certain claims of former United States World War II prisoners of war, civilian internees captured or in hiding to avoid capture in the Philippines, Guam, Wake Island, and the Midway Islands, and certain religious organizations in the Philippines which had aided American forces during the war. In 1952, the Commission was assigned, additionally, the administration of claims of Philippine religious organizations which sustained losses of their educational, medical, and welfare facilities in the war, and of benefits to United States prisoners of war for inhumane treatment during internment by the enemy. From its inception in 1949 to April 1, 1954, approximately 500,000 claims were filed with the War Claims Commission, and approximately $134 million was paid to claimants. Approximately 96,000 remaining claims are in the process of settlement, and the Commission must complete action on them, together with such appeals as may be filed, by March 31, 1955. The International Claims Commission was established within the Department of State by the International Claims Settlement Act of 1949. Its immediate function was to adjudicate claims covered by a settlement of $17 million which was deposited with the Government of the United States by the Yugoslav Government primarily to compensate our nationals for losses sustained through nationalization of properties. The act also authorized the Commission to settle such claims as might be included later in any similar agreement between the United States and a foreign government. Subsequently, the Commission was assigned the administration of a $400,000 settlement negotiated with the Government of Panama. From its establishment in 1950 to April 1, 1954, the International Claims Commission has settled 531 claims out of a total of 1,622 filed. Of this total, 1,555 claims were against Yugoslavia and 67 were against Panama. Under the act, settlement of the remaining Yugoslav claims must be completed by December 31, 1954. The accompanying reorganization plan has substantial potential advantages. The Foreign Claims Settlement Commission will be able to administer any additional claims programs financed by funds derived from foreign governments without the delay which has often characterized the initiation of past programs. Moreover, the use of an existing agency will be more economical than the establishment of a new commission to administer a given type of foreign claims program. Consolidation of the affairs of the two present Commissions will also permit the retention and use of the best experience gained during the last several years in the field of claims settlement. The declining workload of current programs can be meshed with the rising workload of new programs with maximum efficiency and effectiveness. A proposed new claims program now pending before the Senate would provide benefits similar to those paid to World War II victims under the War Claims Act for losses and internments resulting from hostilities in Korea. The executive branch of the Government has recommended approval of this program by the Congress. I now suggest that this program be assigned by law to the Foreign Claims Settlement Commission. There should also be assigned to this new Commission the settlement of such of the claims programs as may be authorized from among those recommended by the War Claims Commission in its report made pursuant to section 8 of the War Claims Act. That report, posing many complex policy, legal, and administrative problems, is now being reviewed by executive agencies; and recommendations will soon be sent to the Congress. By peace treaties and an international agreement, the United States has acquired the right to utilize certain external assets and settlement funds of several countries. A total of about $39 million is available to indemnify claims of United States nationals against the Governments of Rumania, Hungary, Bulgaria, and Italy, arising out of war damage or confiscations in those countries. In addition, claims growing out of United States losses from default on obligations and nationalization of properties may be settled by awards from $9 million realized from an agreement made in 1933 with the Soviet Union, known as the Litvinov assignment. Action by the Congress is necessary before these various funds may be assigned for settlement, and recommendations of the executive branch in this connection will be transmitted at an early date. In addition to the reorganizations I have described, the reorganization plan transfers to the Foreign Claims Settlement Commission the functions of the Commissioner provided for in the joint resolution of August 4, 1939. These functions involve the receipt and administration of claims covered by the Litvinov assignment. The office of Commissioner, for which funds have never been appropriated and which has never been filled, is abolished. The reorganization plan does not transfer the war claims fund or the Yugoslav claims fund from the Department of the Treasury, or divest the Secretary of the Treasury of any functions under the War Claims Act of 1948, as amended, or under the International Claims Settlement Act of 1949, as amended. It does not limit the responsibility of the Secretary of State with respect to the conduct of foreign affairs. The reorganizations contained in the reorganization plan will not prejudice any interest or potential interest of any claimant. After investigation, I have found and hereby declare that each reorganization included in the accompanying reorganization plan is necessary to accomplish one or more of the purposes set forth in section 2(a) of the Reorganization Act of 1949, as amended. I have also found and hereby declare that it is necessary to include in the accompanying reorganization plan, by reason of reorganizations made thereby, provisions for the appointment and compensation of officers specified in section 1 of the plan. The rate of compensation fixed for each of these officers is that which I have found to prevail in respect of comparable officers in the executive branch of the Government. The statutory citation for certain functions of the Secretary of State with respect to the International Claims Commission which are abolished by the reorganization plan, is the third and fourth sentences of section 3(c) of the International Claims Settlement Act of 1949 (64 Stat. 13), as amended. It is at this time impracticable to specify the reductions of expenditures which it is probable will be brought about by the taking effect of the reorganizations contained in the plan. Reorganization Plan No. 1 of 1954 provides a single agency for the orderly completion of present claims programs. In addition, it provides an effective organization for the settlement of future authorized claims programs by utilizing the experience gained by present claims agencies. It provides unified administrative direction of the functions concerned, and it simplifies the organizational structure of the executive branch. I urge that the Congress allow the reorganization plan to become effective. Dwight D. Eisenhower. The White House, April 29, 1954. -End- -CITE- 22 USC Sec. 1622a 01/02/2006 -EXPCITE- TITLE 22 - FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE CHAPTER 21 - SETTLEMENT OF INTERNATIONAL CLAIMS SUBCHAPTER I - GENERAL PROVISIONS -HEAD- Sec. 1622a. Transfer of Foreign Claims Settlement Commission of the United States to Department of Justice -STATUTE- The Foreign Claims Settlement Commission of the United States, established under Reorganization Plan Numbered 1 of 1954, is hereby transferred to the Department of Justice as a separate agency within that Department. -SOURCE- (Pub. L. 96-209, title I, Sec. 101, Mar. 14, 1980, 94 Stat. 96.) -REFTEXT- REFERENCES IN TEXT Reorganization Plan Numbered 1 of 1954, referred to in text, is Reorg. Plan. No. 1 of 1954, July 1, 1954, 19 F.R. 3985, 68 Stat. 1279, which is set out as a note under section 1622 of this title. -COD- CODIFICATION Section was not enacted as part of the International Claims Settlement Act of 1949 which comprises this chapter. -MISC1- EFFECTIVE DATE Title VI of Pub. L. 96-209 provided that: "This Act [enacting sections 1622a to 1622g of this title, amending sections 5316 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees, and section 2001 of Title 50, Appendix, War and National Defense, and enacting provisions set out as notes under this section, section 363 of former Title 31, Money and Finance, and section 7546 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare] shall take effect on the date of enactment [Mar. 14, 1980]." AUTHORITY OF DIRECTOR OF OFFICE OF MANAGEMENT AND BUDGET RELATING TO TRANSFER OF FOREIGN CLAIMS SETTLEMENT COMMISSION OF THE UNITED STATES AND TERMINATION OF AFFAIRS OF ANNUAL ASSAY COMMISSION, UNITED STATES MARINE CORPS MEMORIAL COMMISSION, AND LOW-EMISSION VEHICLE CERTIFICATION BOARD Title V of Pub. L. 96-209 provided that: "The Director of the Office of Management and Budget is authorized and directed to make such determinations as may be necessary with regard to the transfer of functions, powers, and duties pursuant to this Act [enacting sections 1622a to 1622g of this title, amending sections 5316 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees, and 2001 of Title 50, Appendix, War and National Defense, and enacting provisions set out as notes under this section and sections 363 of former Title 31, Money and Finance, and 7546 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare], and to make such additional incidental dispositions of personnel, assets, liabilities, property, records, and unexpended balances of appropriations, authorizations, allocations, and other funds held, used, arising from, available to or to be made available in connection with the functions transferred by this Act, as the Director may deem necessary to accomplish the purposes of this Act. The Director is further authorized and directed to provide for terminating the affairs of each agency, board, or commission [Annual Assay Commission under section 363 of former Title 31, the Low-Emission Vehicle Certification Board under section 7546 of Title 42, and the United States Marine Corps Memorial Commission] abolished by this Act." -End- -CITE- 22 USC Sec. 1622b 01/02/2006 -EXPCITE- TITLE 22 - FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE CHAPTER 21 - SETTLEMENT OF INTERNATIONAL CLAIMS SUBCHAPTER I - GENERAL PROVISIONS -HEAD- Sec. 1622b. Transfer of functions, powers, and duties of Foreign Claims Settlement Commission of the United States -STATUTE- All functions, powers, and duties of the Foreign Claims Settlement Commission established by Reorganization Plan Numbered 1 of 1954 are hereby transferred with the Commission, together with personnel, assets, liabilities, unexpended balances of appropriations, authorizations, allocations, and other funds held, used, available, or to be made available in connection with the statutory functions of the Commission. The Commission shall continue to perform its functions as provided by the War Claims Act of 1948, as amended [50 App. U.S.C. 2001 et seq.], the International Claims Settlement Act of 1949, as amended [22 U.S.C. 1621 et seq.], and Reorganization Plan Numbered 1 of 1954. -SOURCE- (Pub. L. 96-209, title I, Sec. 102, Mar. 14, 1980, 94 Stat. 96.) -REFTEXT- REFERENCES IN TEXT Reorganization Plan Numbered 1 of 1954, referred to in text, is Reorg. Plan. No. 1 of 1954, July 1, 1954, 19 F.R. 3985, 68 Stat. 1279, which is set out as a note under section 1622 of this title. The War Claims Act of 1948, as amended, referred to in text, is act July 3, 1948, ch. 826, 62 Stat. 1240, as amended, which is classified generally to section 2001 et seq. of Title 50, Appendix, War and National Defense. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 2001 of Title 50, Appendix, and Tables. The International Claims Settlement Act of 1949, as amended, referred to in text, is act Mar. 10, 1950, ch. 54, 64 Stat. 12, as amended, which is classified generally to this chapter (Sec. 1621 et seq.). For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1621 of this title and Tables. -COD- CODIFICATION Section was not enacted as part of the International Claims Settlement Act of 1949 which comprises this chapter. -MISC1- EFFECTIVE DATE Section effective Mar. 14, 1980, see title VI of Pub. L. 96-209, set out as a note under section 1622a of this title. -End- -CITE- 22 USC Sec. 1622c 01/02/2006 -EXPCITE- TITLE 22 - FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE CHAPTER 21 - SETTLEMENT OF INTERNATIONAL CLAIMS SUBCHAPTER I - GENERAL PROVISIONS -HEAD- Sec. 1622c. Membership of Foreign Claims Settlement Commission of the United States -STATUTE- (a) Composition of Commission; appointment and compensation of Chairman The Commission shall be composed of a Chairman and two members. The Chairman shall be appointed by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, to serve on a full-time basis for a term of three years, and compensated at the rate provided for level V of the Executive Schedule under section 5316 of title 5. (b) Appointment and compensation of members other than Chairman The other members of the Commission shall be appointed by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, and serve on a part-time basis, and be compensated on a per diem basis at a rate of compensation equivalent to the daily rate for level V of the Executive Schedule under section 5316 of title 5 for each day that such member is employed in the actual performance of official business of the Commission as may be directed by the Chairman. Each member shall be reimbursed for travel expenses, including per diem in lieu of subsistence, as authorized by section 5703 of title 5 for persons in Government service employed intermittently. (c) Terms of office The terms of Office of the Chairman and members of the Commission shall be for three years, except the Chairman and members first appointed after the enactment of this subsection shall be appointed to terms ending respectively September 30, 1982, September 30, 1981, and September 30, 1980. The incumbent of any such office may continue to serve until a successor takes office. (d) Continuation in office of existing members Notwithstanding the provisions of subsections (a), (b), and (c) of this section, members of the Foreign Claims Settlement Commission who are serving on March 14, 1980, shall continue to serve in their same capacities until the expiration of the terms to which they were appointed. -SOURCE- (Pub. L. 96-209, title I, Sec. 103, Mar. 14, 1980, 94 Stat. 96.) -COD- CODIFICATION Section was not enacted as part of the International Claims Settlement Act of 1949 which comprises this chapter. -MISC1- EFFECTIVE DATE Section effective Mar. 14, 1980, see title VI of Pub. L. 96-209, set out as a note under section 1622a of this title. -End- -CITE- 22 USC Sec. 1622d 01/02/2006 -EXPCITE- TITLE 22 - FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE CHAPTER 21 - SETTLEMENT OF INTERNATIONAL CLAIMS SUBCHAPTER I - GENERAL PROVISIONS -HEAD- Sec. 1622d. Appointment and compensation of officers and employees of Foreign Claims Settlement Commission of the United States; allowances and benefits; utilization of other Federal facilities -STATUTE- The Commission is authorized, in accordance with civil service laws and in accordance with title 5 to appoint and fix the compensation of such officers and employees as may be necessary to carry out the functions of the Commission. The Commission is authorized to employ experts and consultants in accordance with section 3109 of title 5 without compensation or at rates of compensation not in excess of the maximum daily rate prescribed for GS-18 under section 5332 of title 5. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the Commission is further authorized to employ nationals of other countries who may possess special knowledge, languages, or other expertise necessary to assist the Commission. The Commission is authorized to pay expenses of packing, shipping, and storing personal effects of personnel of the Commission assigned abroad, and to pay allowances and benefits similar to those provided by title IX of the Foreign Service Act of 1946, as amended. The Commission is authorized, with the consent of the head of any other department or agency of the Federal Government, to utilize the facilities and services of such department or agency in carrying out the functions of the Commission. Officers and employees of any department and agency of the Federal Government may, with the consent of the head of such department or agency, be assigned to assist the Commission in carrying out its functions. The Commission shall reimburse such department and agency for the pay of such officers or employees. -SOURCE- (Pub. L. 96-209, title I, Sec. 104, Mar. 14, 1980, 94 Stat. 97.) -REFTEXT- REFERENCES IN TEXT The civil service laws, referred to in text, are set forth in Title 5, Government Organization and Employees. See, particularly, section 3301 et seq. of Title 5. Title IX of the Foreign Service Act of 1946, as amended, referred to in text, is title IX of act Aug. 13, 1946, ch. 957, 60 Stat. 1025, as amended, which was classified generally to subchapter IX (Secs. 1131-1160) of chapter 14 of this title, and was repealed by section 2205(1) of the Foreign Service Act of 1980, Pub. L. 96-465, title II, Oct. 17, 1980, 94 Stat. 2159. The Foreign Service Act of 1980 is classified principally to chapter 52 (Sec. 3901 et seq.) of this title. Section 2401(c) of the 1980 Act (22 U.S.C. 4172(c)) provides in part that references in law to provisions of the Foreign Service Act of 1946 shall be deemed to include reference to the corresponding provisions of the 1980 Act. For provisions corresponding to title IX of the Foreign Service Act of 1946, see Table preceding section 801 of this title. -COD- CODIFICATION Section was not enacted as part of the International Claims Settlement Act of 1949 which comprises this chapter. -MISC1- EFFECTIVE DATE Section effective Mar. 14, 1980, see title VI of Pub. L. 96-209, set out as a note under section 1622a of this title. REFERENCES IN OTHER LAWS TO GS-16, 17, OR 18 PAY RATES References in laws to the rates of pay for GS-16, 17, or 18, or to maximum rates of pay under the General Schedule, to be considered references to rates payable under specified sections of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees, see section 529 [title I, Sec. 101(c)(1)] of Pub. L. 101-509, set out in a note under section 5376 of Title 5. SALARIES AND EXPENSES OF FOREIGN CLAIMS SETTLEMENT COMMISSION Pub. L. 101-162, title II, Nov. 21, 1989, 103 Stat. 996, provided: "That for fiscal year 1990 and hereafter, funds appropriated under this heading ["salaries and expenses, foreign claims settlement commission"] shall be available for: allowances and benefits similar to those allowed under the Foreign Service Act of 1980 [22 U.S.C. 3901 et seq.] as determined by the [Foreign Claims Settlement] Commission; expenses of packing, shipping, and storing personal effects of personnel assigned abroad; rental or lease, for such periods as may be necessary, of office space and living quarters of personnel assigned abroad; maintenance, improvement, and repair of properties rented or leased abroad, and furnishing fuel, water, and utilities for such properties; insurance on official motor vehicles abroad; advances of funds abroad; advances or reimbursements to other Government agencies for use of their facilities and services in carrying out the functions of the Commission; hire of motor vehicles for field use only; and employment of aliens." -End- -CITE- 22 USC Sec. 1622e 01/02/2006 -EXPCITE- TITLE 22 - FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE CHAPTER 21 - SETTLEMENT OF INTERNATIONAL CLAIMS SUBCHAPTER I - GENERAL PROVISIONS -HEAD- Sec. 1622e. Vesting of all non-adjudicatory functions, powers, and duties in Chairman of Foreign Claims Settlement Commission of the United States -STATUTE- All functions, powers, and duties not directly related to adjudicating claims are hereby vested in the Chairman, including the functions set forth in section 3 of Reorganization Plan Numbered 1 of 1954 and the authority to issue rules and regulations. -SOURCE- (Pub. L. 96-209, title I, Sec. 105, Mar. 14, 1980, 94 Stat. 97.) -REFTEXT- REFERENCES IN TEXT Reorganization Plan Numbered 1 of 1954, referred to in text, is Reorg. Plan. No. 1 of 1954, July 1, 1954, 19 F.R. 3985, 68 Stat. 1279, which is set out as a note under section 1622 of this title. -COD- CODIFICATION Section was not enacted as part of the International Claims Settlement Act of 1949 which comprises this chapter. -MISC1- EFFECTIVE DATE Section effective Mar. 14, 1980, see title VI of Pub. L. 96-209, set out as a note under section 1622a of this title. -End- -CITE- 22 USC Sec. 1622f 01/02/2006 -EXPCITE- TITLE 22 - FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE CHAPTER 21 - SETTLEMENT OF INTERNATIONAL CLAIMS SUBCHAPTER I - GENERAL PROVISIONS -HEAD- Sec. 1622f. Administrative support and services to Foreign Claims Settlement Commission of the United States by Attorney General -STATUTE- The Attorney General shall provide necessary administrative support and services to the Commission. The Chairman shall prepare the budget requests, authorization documents, and legislative proposals for the Commission within the procedures established by the Department of Justice, and the Attorney General shall submit these items to the Director of the Office of Management and Budget as proposed by the Chairman. -SOURCE- (Pub. L. 96-209, title I, Sec. 106, Mar. 14, 1980, 94 Stat. 97.) -COD- CODIFICATION Section was not enacted as part of the International Claims Settlement Act of 1949 which comprises this chapter. -MISC1- EFFECTIVE DATE Section effective Mar. 14, 1980, see title VI of Pub. L. 96-209, set out as a note under section 1622a of this title. -End- -CITE- 22 USC Sec. 1622g 01/02/2006 -EXPCITE- TITLE 22 - FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE CHAPTER 21 - SETTLEMENT OF INTERNATIONAL CLAIMS SUBCHAPTER I - GENERAL PROVISIONS -HEAD- Sec. 1622g. Independence of Foreign Claims Settlement Commission of the United States; finality of Commission decisions -STATUTE- Nothing in this Act shall be construed to diminish the independence of the Commission in making its determinations on claims in programs that it is authorized to administer pursuant to the powers and responsibilities conferred upon the Commission by the War Claims Act of 1948, as amended [50 App. U.S.C. 2001 et seq.], the International Claims Settlement Act of 1949, as amended [22 U.S.C. 1621 et seq.], and Reorganization Plan Numbered 1 of 1954. The decisions of the Commission with respect to claims shall be final and conclusive on all questions of law and fact, and shall not be subject to review by the Attorney General or any other official of the United States or by any court by mandamus or otherwise. -SOURCE- (Pub. L. 96-209, title I, Sec. 107, Mar. 14, 1980, 94 Stat. 97.) -REFTEXT- REFERENCES IN TEXT This Act, referred to in text, is Pub. L. 96-209, Mar. 14, 1980, 94 Stat. 96, which enacted sections 1622a to 1622g of this title, amended section 5316 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees, and section 2001 of Title 50, Appendix, War and National Defense, and enacted provisions set out as notes under section 1622a of this title, section 363 of former Title 31, Money and Finance, and section 7546 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Tables. The War Claims Act of 1948, as amended, referred to in text, is act July 3, 1948, ch. 826, 62 Stat. 1240, as amended, which is classified generally to section 2001 et seq. of Title 50, Appendix, War and National Defense. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 2001 of Title 50, Appendix, and Tables. The International Claims Settlement Act of 1949, as amended, referred to in text, is act Mar. 10, 1950, ch. 54, 64 Stat. 12, as amended, which is classified generally to this chapter (Sec. 1621 et seq.). For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1621 of this title and Tables. Reorganization Plan Numbered 1 of 1954, referred to in text, is Reorg. Plan No. 1 of 1954, July 1, 1954, 19 F.R. 3985, 68 Stat. 1279, which is set out as a note under section 1622 of this title. -COD- CODIFICATION Section was not enacted as part of the International Claims Settlement Act of 1949 which comprises this chapter. -MISC1- EFFECTIVE DATE Section effective Mar. 14, 1980, see title VI of Pub. L. 96-209, set out as a note under section 1622a of this title. -End- -CITE- 22 USC Sec. 1623 01/02/2006 -EXPCITE- TITLE 22 - FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE CHAPTER 21 - SETTLEMENT OF INTERNATIONAL CLAIMS SUBCHAPTER I - GENERAL PROVISIONS -HEAD- Sec. 1623. Claims -STATUTE- (a) Jurisdiction of Commission; bases for determination; fair market value (1) The Commission shall have jurisdiction to receive, examine, adjudicate, and render a final decision with respect to any claim of the Government of the United States or of any national of the United States - (A) included within the terms of the Yugoslav Claims Agreement of 1948; (B) included within the terms of any claims agreement concluded on or after March 10, 1954, between the Government of the United States and a foreign government (exclusive of governments against which the United States declared the existence of a state of war during World War II) similarly providing for the settlement and discharge of claims of the Government of the United States and of nationals of the United States against a foreign government, arising out of the nationalization or other taking of property, by the agreement of the Government of the United States to accept from that government a sum in en bloc settlement thereof; or (C) included in a category of claims against a foreign government which is referred to the Commission by the Secretary of State. (2) In the decision of claims under this subchapter, the Commission shall apply the following in the following order: (A) The provisions of the applicable claims agreement as provided in this subsection. (B) The applicable principles of international law, justice, and equity. In determining the value of a claim under international law, the Commission shall award the fair market value of the property as of the time of the taking by the foreign government involved (without regard to any action or event that occurs after the taking), except that the value of the claim shall not reflect any diminution in value attributable to actions which are carried out, or threats of action which are made, by the foreign government with respect to the property before the taking. Fair market value shall be ascertained in accordance with the method most appropriate to the property taken and equitable to the claimant, including - (i) market value of outstanding equity securities; (ii) replacement value; (iii) going-concern value (which includes consideration of an enterprise's profitability); and (iv) book value. In the case of any claim for losses in a service industry, the appropriate basis of valuation shall be presumed to be that referred to in clause (iii). For purposes of the preceding sentence, the term "service" means economic activity the output of which is other than tangible goods. (b) Notice of filing time; publication; basis of decisions; finality of decision The Commission shall give public notice of the time when, and the limit of time within which, claims may be filed, which notice shall be published in the Federal Register. In addition, the Commission is authorized and directed to mail a similar notice to the last known address of each person appearing in the records of the Department of State as having indicated an intention of filing a claim with respect to a matter concerning which the Commission has jurisdiction under this subchapter. All decisions shall be upon such evidence and written legal contentions as may be presented within such period as may be prescribed therefor by the Commission, and upon the results of any independent investigation of cases which the Commission may deem it advisable to make. Each decision by the Commission pursuant to this subchapter shall be by majority vote, and shall state the reason for such decision, and shall constitute a full and final disposition of the case in which the decision is rendered. (c) Administration of oaths; examination of witnesses; subpenas; reporting of hearings; witness fees; contempt Any member of the Commission, or any employee of the Commission, designated in writing by the Chairman of the Commission, may administer oaths and examine witnesses. Any member of the Commission may require by subpena the attendance and testimony of witnesses, and the production of all necessary books, papers, documents, records, correspondence, and other evidence, from any place in the United States at any designated place of inquiry or of hearing. The Commission is authorized to contract for the reporting of inquiries or of hearings. Witnesses summoned before the Commission shall be paid the same fees and mileage that are paid witnesses in the courts of the United States. In case of disobedience to a subpena, the aid of any district court of the United States, as constituted by chapter 5 of title 28, and the United States court of any Territory or other place subject to the jurisdiction of the United States may be invoked in requiring the attendance and testimony of witnesses and the production of such books, papers, documents, records, correspondence, and other evidence. Any such court within the jurisdiction of which the inquiry or hearing is carried on may, in case of contumacy or refusal to obey a subpena issued to any person, issue an order requiring such person to appear or to give evidence touching the matter in question; and any failure to obey such order of the court may be punished by such court as a contempt thereof. (d) Depositions The Commission may order testimony to be taken by deposition in any inquiry or hearing pending before it at any stage of such proceeding or hearing. Such depositions may be taken, under such regulations as the Commission may prescribe, before any person designated by the Commission and having power to administer oaths. Any person may be compelled to appear and depose, and to produce books, papers, documents, records, correspondence, and other evidence in the same way as witnesses may be compelled to appear and testify and produce documentary evidence before the Commission, as hereinabove provided. If a witness whose testimony may be desired to be taken by deposition be in a foreign country, the deposition may be taken, provided the laws of the foreign country so permit, by a consular officer, or by an officer or employee of the Commission, or other person commissioned by the Commission, or under letters rogatory issued by the Commission. Witnesses whose depositions are taken as authorized in this subsection, and the persons taking the same, shall severally be entitled to the same fees as are paid for like services in the courts of the United States. (e) Penalties In addition to the penalties provided in section 1001 of title 18, any person guilty of any act, as provided therein, with respect to any matter under this subchapter, shall forfeit all rights under this subchapter, and, if payment shall have been made or granted, the Commission shall take such action as may be necessary to recover the same. (f) Attorney's fees; limitation No remuneration on account of services rendered on behalf of any claimant in connection with any claim filed with the Commission under this subchapter shall exceed 10 per centum of the total amount paid pursuant to any award certified under the provisions of this subchapter on account of such claim. Any agreement to the contrary shall be unlawful and void. Whoever, in the United States or elsewhere, demands or receives, on account of services so rendered, any remuneration in excess of the maximum permitted by this section, shall be fined not more than $5,000 or imprisoned not more than twelve months, or both. (g) Representation by United States; payments The Attorney General shall assign such officers and employees of the Department of Justice as may be necessary to represent the United States as to any claims of the Government of the United States with respect to which the Commission has jurisdiction under this subchapter. Any and all payments required to be made by the Secretary of the Treasury under this subchapter pursuant to any award made by the Commission to the Government of the United States shall be covered into the Treasury to the credit of miscellaneous receipts. (h) Notification of disposition of claims; right to hearing; finality of Commission's decision The Commission shall notify all claimants of the approval or denial of their claims, stating the reasons and grounds therefor, and, if approved, shall notify such claimants of the amount for which such claims are approved. Any claimant whose claim is denied, or is approved for less than the full amount of such claim, shall be entitled, under such regulations as the Commission may prescribe, to a hearing before the Commission, or its duly authorized representatives, with respect to such claim. Upon such hearing, the Commission may affirm, modify, or revise its former action with respect to such claim, including a denial or reduction in the amount theretofore allowed with respect to such claim. The action of the Commission in allowing or denying any claim under this subchapter shall be final and conclusive on all questions of law and fact and not subject to review by the Secretary of State or any other official, department, agency, or establishment of the United States or by any court by mandamus or otherwise. (i) Separation of awards The Commission may in its discretion enter an award with respect to one or more items deemed to have been clearly established in an individual claim while deferring consideration and action on other items of the same claim. (j) Compliance with administrative procedure law The Commission shall comply with the provisions of subchapter II of chapter 5, and chapter 7, of title 5 except as otherwise specifically provided by this subchapter. (k) Compliance with principles of international law, justice and equity; fair market value In exercising authority granted after October 8, 1986, under this chapter or any other Act, the Commission, in determining the value of claims of the Government of the United States or of nationals of the United States (as defined in this chapter or such other Act) against any foreign government for losses arising from the nationalization or other taking of property, shall comply with the principles set forth in subsection (a)(2) of this section. -SOURCE- (Mar. 10, 1950, ch. 54, title I, Sec. 4, 64 Stat. 13; Aug. 9, 1955, ch. 645, Secs. 1, 2, 69 Stat. 562; Pub. L. 90-421, Sec. 1(1), July 24, 1968, 82 Stat. 420; Pub. L. 99-451, Sec. 1, Oct. 8, 1986, 100 Stat. 1138; Pub. L. 105-277, div. G, subdiv. B, title XXII, Sec. 2211, Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2681-812.) -MISC1- REFERENCES TO THIS SUBCHAPTER DEEMED TO INCLUDE SECTION 119 OF H.R. 2076 References to this subchapter deemed to include section 119 of H.R. 2076, see section 119(b) of H.R. 2076, as enacted into law by Pub. L. 104-91, set out as an Authority of Foreign Claims Settlement Commission note under section 1644 of this title. -COD- CODIFICATION In subsec. (j), "subchapter II of chapter 5, and chapter 7, of title 5" substituted for "the Administrative Procedure Act of 1946" on authority of Pub. L. 89-554, Sec. 7(b), Sept. 6, 1966, 80 Stat. 631, the first section of which enacted Title 5, Government Organization and Employees. -MISC2- AMENDMENTS 1998 - Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 105-277 added par. (1), redesignated second sentence as par. (2) and former pars. (1) and (2) as subpars. (A) and (B), respectively, and struck out former first sentence which read as follows: "The Commission shall have jurisdiction to receive, examine, adjudicate, and render final decisions with respect to claims of the Government of the United States and of nationals of the United States included within the terms of the Yugoslav Claims Agreement of 1948, or included within the terms of any claims agreement on and after March 10, 1954 concluded between the Government of the United States and a foreign government (exclusive of governments against which the United States declared the existence of a state of war during World War II) similarly providing for the settlement and discharge of claims of the Government of the United States and of nationals of the United States against a foreign government, arising out of the nationalization or other taking of property, by the agreement of the Government of the United States to accept from that government a sum in en bloc settlement thereof." 1986 - Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 99-451, Sec. 1(a), amended second sentence generally. Prior to amendment, second sentence read as follows: "In the decision of claims under this subchapter, the Commission shall apply the following in the following order: (1) The provisions of the applicable claims agreement as provided in this subsection; and (2) the applicable principles of international law, justice, and equity." Subsec. (k). Pub. L. 99-451, Sec. 1(b), added subsec. (k). 1968 - Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 90-421 struck out provisions which authorized the Commission to determine the amount of attorney's fees, such fees not to exceed 10% of the award and any written agreement between attorney and claimant as to fees to be conclusive upon the Commission, if the agreed upon fees do not exceed 10% of the award, provisions which authorized the Secretary of the Treasury to deduct the fees from the amount of the award and to pay it directly to the attorney, any agreement to the contrary to be unlawful and void, provisions which authorized the Commission to give notice by mail to each claimant of the provisions of this subsection, and provisions which authorized the Commission to recover any fees paid in contravention of this subsection, the recipient to forfeit all rights under this subchapter. 1955 - Act Aug. 9, 1955, Sec. 1, amended credit to section by designating act Mar. 10, 1950, as "title I". Subsecs. (a), (b), (e) to (h) and (j). Act Aug. 9, 1955, Sec. 2, substituted "subchapter" for "chapter". EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1986 AMENDMENT Section 2 of Pub. L. 99-451 provided that: "The amendments made by this Act [amending this section] shall apply to any claim pending on the date of the enactment of this Act [Oct. 8, 1986] and to any other claim determined after such date." -TRANS- ABOLITION OF INTERNATIONAL CLAIMS COMMISSION AND TRANSFER OF FUNCTIONS International Claims Commission of the United States, including offices of its members, abolished and functions of Commission and of members, officers, and employees thereof transferred to Foreign Claims Settlement Commission of the United States by Reorg. Plan No. 1 of 1954, Secs. 1, 2, 4, eff. July 1, 1954, 19 F.R. 3985, 68 Stat. 1279, set out as a note under section 1622 of this title. For provisions transferring the Foreign Claims Settlement Commission of the United States as a separate agency within the Department of Justice, see section 1622a et seq. of this title. -MISC3- PROTESTS RELATING TO AWARDS BY COMMISSION; NOTICE BY PUBLICATION IN FEDERAL REGISTER Act Mar. 10, 1950, ch. 54, title VI, Sec. 615, as added Oct. 18, 1976, Pub. L. 94-542, 90 Stat. 2512, provided that: "Notwithstanding the provision of sections 210 and 211 of the War Claims Act of 1948 (Act of July 3, 1948), as amended by Public Law 87-846 [sections 2017i and 2017j of Title 50, Appendix, War and National Defense], the Foreign Claims Settlement Commission established by Reorganization Plan No. 1 of 1954 (68 Stat. 1279) [set out under section 1622 of this title] is authorized and directed to receive and consider protests relating to awards made by the Commission during the ten calendar days immediately preceding the expiration of the Commission's mandate to make such awards on May 17, 1967. Any such protests must be filed within ninety days after notice of the enactment of this provision is filed with and published in the Federal Register, which shall take place within thirty days of enactment [Oct. 18, 1976]. Such protests may include the submission of new evidence not previously before the Commission, and shall be acted upon within thirty days after receipt by the Commission. The Commission may modify awards made during the subject period in accordance with the procedures established by the War Claims Act of 1948, [section 2001 et seq. of Title 50, Appendix], and any increases in awards determined to be appropriated by the Commission shall be certified to and paid by the Secretary of the Treasury out of funds which are now or may hereafter become available in the War Claims Fund in accordance with section 213 of the Act [section 2017l of Title 50, Appendix]." -End- -CITE- 22 USC Sec. 1624 01/02/2006 -EXPCITE- TITLE 22 - FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE CHAPTER 21 - SETTLEMENT OF INTERNATIONAL CLAIMS SUBCHAPTER I - GENERAL PROVISIONS -HEAD- Sec. 1624. Certification of awards; certification of claims -STATUTE- The Commission shall, as soon as possible, and in the order of the making of such awards, certify to the Secretary of the Treasury and to the Secretary of State copies of the awards made in favor of the Government of the United States or of nationals of the United States under this subchapter. The Commission shall certify to the Secretary of State, upon his request, copies of the formal submissions of claims filed pursuant to subsection (b) of section 1623 of this title for transmission to the foreign government concerned. -SOURCE- (Mar. 10, 1950, ch. 54, title I, Sec. 5, 64 Stat. 16; Aug. 9, 1955, ch. 645, Secs. 1, 2, 69 Stat. 562.) -MISC1- REFERENCES TO THIS SUBCHAPTER DEEMED TO INCLUDE SECTION 119 OF H.R. 2076 References to this subchapter deemed to include section 119 of H.R. 2076, see section 119(b) of H.R. 2076, as enacted into law by Pub. L. 104-91, set out as an Authority of Foreign Claims Settlement Commission note under section 1644 of this title. AMENDMENTS 1955 - Act Aug. 9, 1955, Sec. 1, amended credit to section by designating act Mar. 10, 1950, as "title I". Act Aug. 9, 1955, Sec. 2, substituted "subchapter" for "chapter". -TRANS- ABOLITION OF INTERNATIONAL CLAIMS COMMISSION AND TRANSFER OF FUNCTIONS International Claims Commission of the United States, including offices of its members, abolished and functions of Commission and of members, officers, and employees thereof transferred to Foreign Claims Settlement Commission of the United States by Reorg. Plan No. 1 of 1954, Secs. 1, 2, 4, eff. July 1, 1954, 19 F.R. 3985, 68 Stat. 1279, set out as a note under section 1622 of this title. For provisions transferring Foreign Claims Settlement Commission of the United States as a separate agency within the Department of Justice, see section 1622a et seq. of this title. -End- -CITE- 22 USC Sec. 1625 01/02/2006 -EXPCITE- TITLE 22 - FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE CHAPTER 21 - SETTLEMENT OF INTERNATIONAL CLAIMS SUBCHAPTER I - GENERAL PROVISIONS -HEAD- Sec. 1625. Omitted -COD- CODIFICATION Section, acts Mar. 10, 1950, ch. 54, title 1, Sec. 6, 64 Stat. 16; Aug. 8, 1953, ch. 396, Sec. 1, 67 Stat. 506, provided that Commission complete its affairs in connection with settlement of all United States-Yugoslavian Claims arising under Yugoslav Claims Agreement of 1948, by December 31, 1954. -End- -CITE- 22 USC Sec. 1626 01/02/2006 -EXPCITE- TITLE 22 - FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE CHAPTER 21 - SETTLEMENT OF INTERNATIONAL CLAIMS SUBCHAPTER I - GENERAL PROVISIONS -HEAD- Sec. 1626. Payments -STATUTE- (a) Principal and interest; regulations Subject to the limitations hereinafter provided, the Secretary of the Treasury is authorized and directed to pay, as prescribed by section 1627 of this title, an amount not exceeding the principal of each award, plus accrued interest on such awards as bear interest, certified pursuant to section 1624 of this title, in accordance with the award. Such payments, and applications for such payments, shall be made in accordance with such regulations as the Secretary of the Treasury may prescribe. (b) Deductions; coverage into Treasury; reimbursement for expenses (1) There shall be deducted from the amount of each payment made pursuant to subsection (c) of section 1627 of this title, as reimbursement for the expenses incurred by the United States, an amount equal to 5 per centum of such payment. All amounts so deducted shall be covered into the Treasury to the credit of miscellaneous receipts. (2) The Secretary of the Treasury shall deduct from any amounts covered, subsequent to July 24, 1968, into any special fund, created pursuant to section 1627 of this title, 5 per centum thereof as reimbursement to the Government of the United States for expenses incurred by the Commission and by the Treasury Department in the administration of this subchapter. The amounts so deducted shall be covered into the Treasury to the credit of miscellaneous receipts. (c) To whom made; exceptions Payments made pursuant to this subchapter shall be made only to the person or persons on behalf of whom the award is made, except that - (1) if any person to whom any payment is to be made pursuant to this subchapter is deceased or is under a legal disability, payment shall be made to his legal representative, except that if any payment to be made is not over $1,000 and there is no qualified executor or administrator, payment may be made to the person or persons found by the Secretary of the Treasury to be entitled thereto, without the necessity of compliance with the requirements of law with respect to the administration of estates; (2) in the case of a partnership or corporation, the existence of which has been terminated and on behalf of which an award is made, payment shall be made, except as provided in paragraphs (3) and (4) of this subsection, to the person or persons found by the Secretary of the Treasury to be entitled thereto; (3) if a receiver or trustee for any such partnership or corporation has been duly appointed by a court of competent jurisdiction in the United States and has not been discharged prior to the date of payment, payment shall be made to such receiver or trustee in accordance with the order of the court; (4) if a receiver or trustee for any such partnership or corporation, duly appointed by a court of competent jurisdiction in the United States, makes an assignment of the claim, or any part thereof, with respect to which an award is made, or makes an assignment of such award, or any part thereof, payment shall be made to the assignee, as his interest may appear; and (5) in the case of any assignment of an award, or any part thereof, which is made in writing and duly acknowledged and filed, after such award is certified to the Secretary of the Treasury, payment may, in the discretion of the Secretary of the Treasury, be made to the assignee, as his interest may appear. (d) Erroneous payments as bar to further recovery Whenever the Secretary of the Treasury shall find that any person is entitled to any such payment, after such payment shall have been received by such person, it shall be an absolute bar to recovery by any other person against the United States, its officers, agents, or employees with respect to such payment. (e) Acquiescence in conditions of subchapter Any person who makes application for any such payment shall be held to have consented to all the provisions of this subchapter. (f) Non-assumption of liability by United States on claims against foreign governments Nothing in this subchapter shall be construed as the assumption of any liability by the United States for the payment or satisfaction, in whole or in part, of any claim on behalf of any national of the United States against any foreign government. -SOURCE- (Mar. 10, 1950, ch. 54, title I, Sec. 7, 64 Stat. 16; Aug. 8, 1953, ch. 396, Sec. 2, 67 Stat. 506; Aug. 9, 1955, ch. 645, Secs. 1, 2, 69 Stat. 562; Pub. L. 90-421, Sec. 1(2), (3), July 24, 1968, 82 Stat. 420; Pub. L. 104-316, title II, Sec. 202(h), Oct. 19, 1996, 110 Stat. 3842.) -MISC1- REFERENCES TO THIS SUBCHAPTER DEEMED TO INCLUDE SECTION 119 OF H.R. 2076 References to this subchapter deemed to include section 119 of H.R. 2076, see section 119(b) of H.R. 2076, as enacted into law by Pub. L. 104-91, set out as an Authority of Foreign Claims Settlement Commission note under section 1644 of this title. AMENDMENTS 1996 - Subsec. (c)(1), (2). Pub. L. 104-316, Sec. 202(h)(1), substituted "Secretary of the Treasury" for "Comptroller General" in par. (1) and "Secretary of the Treasury" for "Comptroller General of the United States" in par. (2). Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 104-316, Sec. 202(h)(2), struck out ", or the Comptroller General of the United States, as the case may be," after "Secretary of the Treasury". 1968 - Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 90-421, Sec. 1(2), designated existing provisions as par. (1) and added par. (2). Subsec. (c)(1). Pub. L. 90-421, Sec. 1(3), substituted "any person to whom any payment is to be made pursuant to this subchapter" for "such person" and ", except that if any payment to be made is not over $1000" for ": Provided, That if the total award is not over $500", and struck out "of the United States" after "Comptroller General". 1955 - Act Aug. 9, 1955, Sec. 1, amended credit to section by designating act Mar. 10, 1950, as "title I". Act Aug. 9, 1955, Sec. 2, substituted "subchapter" for "chapter". 1953 - Subsec. (b). Act Aug. 8, 1953, increased the amount deductible to cover expenses from 3 to 5 percent. -TRANS- ABOLITION OF INTERNATIONAL CLAIMS COMMISSION AND TRANSFER OF FUNCTIONS International Claims Commission of the United States, including offices of its members, abolished and functions of Commission and of members, officers, and employees thereof transferred to Foreign Claims Settlement Commission of the United States by Reorg. Plan No. 1, of 1954, Secs. 1, 2, 4, eff. July 1, 1954, 19 F.R. 3985, 68 Stat. 1279, set out as a note under section 1622 of this title. For provisions transferring Foreign Claims Settlement Commission of the United States as a separate agency within the Department of Justice, see section 1622a et seq. of this title. -End- -CITE- 22 USC Sec. 1627 01/02/2006 -EXPCITE- TITLE 22 - FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE CHAPTER 21 - SETTLEMENT OF INTERNATIONAL CLAIMS SUBCHAPTER I - GENERAL PROVISIONS -HEAD- Sec. 1627. Creation of special funds in Treasury -STATUTE- (a) Credits to, and payment from funds There are created in the Treasury of the United States (1) a special fund to be known as the Yugoslav Claims Fund; and (2) such other special funds as may, in the discretion of the Secretary of the Treasury, be required, each to be a claims fund to be known by the name of the foreign government which has entered into a settlement agreement with the Government of the United States as described in subsection (a) of section 1623 of this title. There shall be covered into the Treasury to the credit of the proper special fund all funds hereinafter specified. All payments authorized under section 1626 of this title shall be disbursed from the proper fund, as the case may be, and all amounts covered into the Treasury to the credit of the aforesaid funds are permanently appropriated for the making of the payments authorized by section 1626 of this title. (b) Credits to Yugoslav Claims Fund; credits to other funds The Secretary of the Treasury is authorized and directed to cover into - (1) the Yugoslav Claims Fund the sum of $17,000,000 being the amount paid by the Government of the Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia pursuant to the Yugoslav Claims Agreement of 1948; (2) a special fund created for that purpose pursuant to subsection (a) of this section any amounts hereafter paid, in United States dollars, by a foreign government which has entered into a claims settlement agreement with the Government of the United States as described in subsection (a) of section 1623 of this title. (c) Payment of awards The Secretary of the Treasury is authorized and directed out of the sums covered, prior to July 24, 1968, into any of the funds pursuant to subsection (b) of this section, and after making the deduction provided for in section 1626(b)(1) of this title - (1) to make payments in full of the principal of awards of $1,000 or less, certified pursuant to section 1624 of this title; (2) to make payments of $1,000 on the principal of each award of more than $1,000 in principal amount, certified pursuant to section 1624 of this title; (3) to make additional payment of not to exceed 25 per centum of the unpaid principal of awards in the principal amount of more than $1,000; (4) after completing the payments prescribed by paragraphs (2) and (3) of this subsection, to make payments, from time to time in ratable proportions, on account of the unpaid principal of all awards in the principal amount of more than $1,000, according to the proportions which the unpaid principal of such awards bear to the total amount in the fund available for distribution at the time such payments are made; and (5) after payment has been made of the principal amounts of all such awards, to make pro rata payments on account of accrued interest on such awards as bear interest. (d) Payment of balance to Yugoslav Government; certification of adjudication costs; finality of certification The Secretary of the Treasury, upon the concurrence of the Secretary of State, is authorized and directed, out of the sum covered into the Yugoslav Claims Fund pursuant to subsection (b) of this section, after completing the payments of such funds pursuant to subsection (c) of this section, to make payment of the balance of any sum remaining in such fund to the Government of the Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia to the extent required under article 1(c) of the Yugoslav Claims Agreement of 1948. The Secretary of State shall certify to the Secretary of the Treasury the total cost of adjudication, not borne by the claimants, attributable to the Yugoslav Claims Agreement of 1948. Such certification shall be final and conclusive and shall not be subject to review by any other official, or department, agency, or establishment of the United States. (e) Payments; priorities Except as provided in subsection (f) of this section, the Secretary of the Treasury is authorized and directed out of sums covered, subsequent to July 24, 1968, into any special fund created pursuant to this section to make payment on account of awards certified by the Commission pursuant to this subchapter with respect to claims included within the terms of a claims settlement agreement concluded between the Government of the United States and a foreign government as described in section 1623(a) of this title, as follows and in the following order of priority: (1) Payment in the amount of $1,000 or the principal amount of the award, whichever is less; (2) Thereafter, payments from time to time on account of the unpaid principal balance of each remaining award which shall bear to such unpaid principal balance the same proportion as the total amount available for distribution at the time such payments are made bears to the aggregate unpaid principal balance of all such awards; and (3) Thereafter, payments from time to time on account of the unpaid balance of each award of interest which shall bear to such unpaid balance of interest, the same proportion as the total amount available for distribution at the time such payments are made bears to the aggregate unpaid balance of interest of all such awards. (f) People's Republic of China; claim payment priorities (1) Out of sums covered after May 11, 1979, into the special fund created pursuant to this section to receive funds paid by the People's Republic of China, the Secretary of the Treasury is authorized and directed to make payments on account of awards certified by the Commission pursuant to subchapter V of this chapter with respect to claims included within the terms of the Agreement Between the Government of the United States of America and the Government of the People's Republic of China Concerning the Settlement of Claims, signed on May 11, 1979, in the following order of priority: (A) Payment in the amount of $1,000 or the principal amount of the award, whichever is less. (B) Thereafter, except as provided in paragraph (2), to the extent there remain unpaid principal balances on awards, payments from time to time on account of the unpaid principal balance of each remaining award which bear to such unpaid principal balance the same proportion as the total amount available for distribution at the time such payments are made bears to the aggregate unpaid principal balance of all such awards. (C) Thereafter, payments from time to time on account of the unpaid balance of each award of interest which bear to such unpaid balance of interest the same proportion as the total amount available for distribution at the time such payments are made bears to the aggregate unpaid balance of interest of all such awards. (2)(A) For the purpose of computing the payments to be made under paragraph (1) to any claimant which was an incorporated business enterprise on the date of nationalization or other taking of property, the award certified by the Commission under subchapter V of this chapter shall be reduced by the amount of Federal tax benefits derived by such claimant on account of the losses upon which such claim was based, but in no case shall such payments be reduced below the amount paid to such claimant on account of such claim before October 13, 1980. For purposes of this subparagraph, such Federal tax benefits shall be the amount by which the claimant's taxes in any prior taxable year or years under chapters 1, 2A, 2B, 2D, and 2E of the Internal Revenue Code of 1939, or subtitle A of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, were decreased with respect to the loss or losses upon which the claim was based. The sum of the amounts which would otherwise be payable but for this paragraph which are not paid to any such claimant shall be aggregated, and the Secretary of the Treasury is authorized and directed to make payments out of such aggregated sums in accordance with subparagraph (B). (B) To the extent that there remain unpaid principal balances on awards to claimants which were, on the date of nationalization or other taking of property, nonprofit organizations operated exclusively for the promotion of social welfare, religious, charitable, or educational purposes (after payments made to such nonprofit organizations pursuant to subparagraphs (A) and (B) of paragraph (1) are taken into account), the Secretary of the Treasury is authorized and directed to make payments from time to time on account of the unpaid principal balance of each remaining award to such nonprofit organizations which bear to such unpaid principal balance the same proportion as the total sums aggregated pursuant to subparagraph (A) at the times such payments are made bear to the aggregate unpaid principal balance of all such awards to nonprofit organizations. (g) Authority to invest and recover expenses from funds The Secretary of the Treasury is authorized and directed to invest the amounts held respectively in the "special funds" established by this section in public debt securities with maturities suitable for the needs of the separate accounts and bearing interest at rates determined by the Secretary, taking into consideration the average market yield on outstanding marketable obligations of the United States of comparable maturities. The interest earned on the amounts in each special fund shall be used to make payments, in accordance with subsection (c) of this section, on awards payable from that special fund. -SOURCE- (Mar. 10, 1950, ch. 54, title I, Sec. 8, 64 Stat. 17; Aug. 9, 1955, ch. 645, Sec. 1, 69 Stat. 562; Pub. L. 90-421, Sec. 1(4), (5), July 24, 1968, 82 Stat. 420; Pub. L. 96-445, Oct. 13, 1980, 94 Stat. 1891; Pub. L. 99-514, Sec. 2, Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2095; Pub. L. 100-204, title I, Sec. 142(a), Dec. 22, 1987, 101 Stat. 1350.) -REFTEXT- REFERENCES IN TEXT The Internal Revenue Code of 1939, referred to in subsec. (f)(2)(A), was generally repealed by section 7851 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1954, Title 26. The Internal Revenue Code of 1954 was redesignated the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 by Pub. L. 99- 514, Sec. 2, Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2095. For table of comparisons of the 1939 Code to the 1986 Code, see Table I preceding section 1 of Title 26, Internal Revenue Code. See also section 7852(b) of Title 26, Internal Revenue Code, for provision that references in any other law to a provision of the 1939 Code, unless expressly incompatible with the intent thereof, shall be deemed a reference to the corresponding provision of the 1986 Code. Chapter 1 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1939, referred to in subsec. (f)(2)(A), was comprised of sections 1 to 482 of former Title 26, Internal Revenue Code. Section 14 of former Title 26 was repealed by act Oct. 20, 1951, ch. 521, title I, pt. II, Sec. 121(g), 65 Stat. 469. Sections 34 and 185 of former Title 26 were repealed by act Feb.