-CITE- 42 USC CHAPTER 7 - SOCIAL SECURITY 01/02/2006 -EXPCITE- TITLE 42 - THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE CHAPTER 7 - SOCIAL SECURITY -HEAD- CHAPTER 7 - SOCIAL SECURITY -MISC1- SUBCHAPTER I - GRANTS TO STATES FOR OLD-AGE ASSISTANCE Sec. 301. Authorization of appropriations. 302. State old-age plans. (a) Contents. (b) Approval by Secretary. (c) Limitation on number of plans. 303. Payments to States and certain territories; computation of amount; eligibility of State to receive payment. (a) Computation of amounts. (b) Method of computing and paying amounts. 304. Stopping payment on deviation from required provisions of plan or failure to comply therewith. 305. Omitted. 306. Definitions. SUBCHAPTER II - FEDERAL OLD-AGE, SURVIVORS, AND DISABILITY INSURANCE BENEFITS 401. Trust Funds. (a) Federal Old-Age and Survivors Insurance Trust Fund. (b) Federal Disability Insurance Trust Fund. (c) Board of Trustees; duties; reports to Congress. (d) Investments. (e) Sale of acquired obligations. (f) Proceeds from sale or redemption of obligations; interest. (g) Payments into Treasury. (h) Benefit payments. (i) Gifts and bequests. (j) Travel expenses. (k) Experiment and demonstration project expenditures. (l) Interfund borrowing. (m) Accounting for unnegotiated benefit checks. (n) Payments to Funds in satisfaction of obligations. 401a. Omitted. 402. Old-age and survivors insurance benefit payments. (a) Old-age insurance benefits. (b) Wife's insurance benefits. (c) Husband's insurance benefits. (d) Child's insurance benefits. (e) Widow's insurance benefits. (f) Widower's insurance benefits. (g) Mother's and father's insurance benefits. (h) Parent's insurance benefits. (i) Lump-sum death payments. (j) Application for monthly insurance benefits. (k) Simultaneous entitlement to benefits. (l) Entitlement to survivor benefits under railroad retirement provisions. (m) Repealed. (n) Termination of benefits upon removal of primary beneficiary. (o) Application for benefits by survivors of members and former members of uniformed services. (p) Extension of period for filing proof of support and applications for lump-sum death payment. (q) Reduction of benefit amounts for certain beneficiaries. (r) Presumed filing of application by individuals eligible for old-age insurance benefits and for wife's or husband's insurance benefits. (s) Child over specified age to be disregarded for certain benefit purposes unless disabled. (t) Suspension of benefits of aliens who are outside United States; residency requirements for dependents and survivors. (u) Conviction of subversive activities, etc. (v) Waiver of benefits. (w) Increase in old-age insurance benefit amounts on account of delayed retirement. (x) Limitation on payments to prisoners, certain other inmates of publicly funded institutions, fugitives, probationers, and parolees. (y) Limitation on payments to aliens. 403. Reduction of insurance benefits. (a) Maximum benefits. (b) Deductions on account of work. (c) Deductions on account of noncovered work outside United States or failure to have child in care. (d) Deductions from dependents' benefits on account of noncovered work outside United States by old-age insurance beneficiary. (e) Occurrence of more than one event. (f) Months to which earnings are charged. (g) Penalty for failure to report certain events. (h) Report of earnings to Commissioner. (i) Repealed. (j) Attainment of retirement age. (k) Noncovered remunerative activity outside United States. (l) Good cause for failure to make reports required. 404. Overpayments and underpayments. (a) Procedure for adjustment or recovery. (b) No recovery from persons without fault. (c) Nonliability of certifying and disbursing officers. (d) Payment to survivors or heirs when eligible person is deceased. (e) Adjustments due to supplemental security income payments. (f) Collection of delinquent amounts. (g) Cross-program recovery of overpayments. 405. Evidence, procedure, and certification for payments. (a) Rules and regulations; procedures. (b) Administrative determination of entitlement to benefits; findings of fact; hearings; investigations; evidentiary hearings in reconsiderations of disability benefit terminations; subsequent applications. (c) Wage records. (d) Issuance of subpenas in administrative proceedings. (e) Judicial enforcement of subpenas; contempt. (f) Repealed. (g) Judicial review. (h) Finality of Commissioner's decision. (i) Certification for payment. (j) Representative payees. (k) Payments to incompetents. (l) Delegation of powers and duties by Commissioner. (m) Repealed. (n) Joint payments. (o) Crediting of compensation under Railroad Retirement Act. (p) Special rules in case of Federal service. (q) Expedited benefit payments. (r) Use of death certificates to correct program information. (s) Notice requirements. (t) Same-day personal interviews at field offices in cases where time is of essence. (u) Redetermination of entitlement. 405a. Regulations pertaining to frequency or due dates of payments and reports under voluntary agreements covering State and local employees; effective date. 406. Representation of claimants before Commissioner. (a) Recognition of representatives; fees for representation before Commissioner. (b) Fees for representation before court. (c) Notification of options for obtaining attorneys. (d) Assessment on attorneys. 407. Assignment of benefits. (a) In general. (b) Amendment of section. (c) Withholding of taxes. 408. Penalties. (a) In general. (b) Restitution. (c) Violations by certified payees. (d) Effect upon certification as payee; definitions. (e) Application of subsection (a)(6) and (7) to certain aliens. 409. "Wages" defined. (a) In general. (b) Regulations providing exclusions from term. (c) Individuals performing domestic services. (d) Members of uniformed services. (e) Peace Corps volunteers. (f) Tips. (g) Members of religious orders. (h) Retired justices and judges. (i) Employer contributions under sections 401(k) and 414(h)(2) of Internal Revenue Code. (j) Amounts deferred under nonqualified deferred compensation plans. (k) "National average wage index" and "deferred compensation amount" defined. 410. Definitions relating to employment. (a) Employment. (b) Included and excluded service. (c) American vessel. (d) American aircraft. (e) American employer. (f) Agricultural labor. (g) Farm. (h) State. (i) United States. (j) Employee. (k) Covered transportation service. (l) Service in uniformed services. (m) Member of a uniformed service. (n) Crew leader. (o) Peace Corps volunteer service. (p) Medicare qualified government employment. (q) Treatment of real estate agents and direct sellers. (r) Service in employ of international organizations by certain transferred Federal employees. 410a. Transferred. 411. Definitions relating to self-employment. (a) Net earnings from self-employment. (b) Self-employment income. (c) Trade or business. (d) Partnership and partner. (e) Taxable year. (f) Partner's taxable year ending as result of death. (g) Regular basis. (h) Option dealers and commodity dealers. (i) Church employee income. (j) Codification of treatment of certain termination payments received by former insurance salesmen. 412. Self-employment income credited to calendar years. 413. Quarter and quarter of coverage. (a) Definitions. (b) Crediting of wages paid in 1937. (c) Alternative method for determining quarters of coverage with respect to wages in period from 1937 to 1950. (d) Amount required for a quarter of coverage. 414. Insured status for purposes of old-age and survivors insurance benefits. (a) "Fully insured individual" defined. (b) "Currently insured individual" defined. (c) Criterion described. 415. Computation of primary insurance amount. (a) Primary insurance amount. (b) Average indexed monthly earnings; average monthly wage. (c) Application of prior provisions in certain cases. (d) Primary insurance amount under 1939 Act. (e) Certain wages and self-employment income not to be counted. (f) Recomputation of benefits. (g) Rounding of benefits. (h) Service of certain Public Health Service Officers. (i) Cost-of-living increases in benefits. 416. Additional definitions. (a) Spouse; surviving spouse. (b) Wife. (c) Widow. (d) Divorced spouses; divorce. (e) Child. (f) Husband. (g) Widower. (h) Determination of family status. (i) Disability; period of disability. (j) Periods of limitation ending on nonwork days. (k) Waiver of nine-month requirement for widow, stepchild, or widower in case of accidental death or in case of serviceman dying in line of duty, or in case of remarriage to same individual. (l) Retirement age. 417. Benefits for veterans. (a) Determination of benefits. (b) Determination of insurance status. (c) Filing proof of support. (d) Definitions. (e) Determination based on wages and self-employment. (f) Right to annuity; waiver. (g) Appropriation to trust funds. (h) Determination of veterans status. 418. Voluntary agreements for coverage of State and local employees. (a) Purpose of agreement. (b) Definitions. (c) Services covered. (d) Positions covered by retirement systems. (e) Effective date of agreement; retroactive coverage. (f) Duration of agreement. (g) Instrumentalities of two or more States. (h) Delegation of functions. (i) Wisconsin Retirement Fund. (j) Certain positions no longer covered by retirement systems. (k) Certain employees of State of Utah. (l) Policemen and firemen in certain States. (m) Positions compensated solely on a fee basis. (n) Optional medicare coverage of current employees. 419. Repealed. 420. Disability provisions inapplicable if benefit rights impaired. 421. Disability determinations. (a) State agencies. (b) Determinations by Commissioner. (c) Review of determination by Commissioner. (d) Hearings and judicial review. (e) State's right to cost from Trust Funds. (f) Use of funds. (g) Regulations governing determinations in certain cases. (h) Evaluation of mental impairments by qualified medical professionals. (i) Review of disability cases to determine continuing eligibility; permanent disability cases; appropriate number of cases reviewed; reporting requirements. (j) Rules and regulations; consultative examinations. (k) Establishment of uniform standards for determination of disability. (l) Special notice to blind individuals with respect to hearings and other official actions. (m) Work activity as basis for review. 422. Rehabilitation services. (a), (b) Repealed. (c) "Period of trial work" defined. (d) Cost of rehabilitation services from trust funds. (e) Treatment referrals for individuals with alcoholism or drug addiction condition. 423. Disability insurance benefit payments. (a) Disability insurance benefits. (b) Filing application. (c) Definitions; insured status; waiting period. (d) "Disability" defined. (e) Engaging in substantial gainful activity. (f) Standard of review for termination of disability benefits. (g) Continued payment of disability benefits during appeal. (h) Interim benefits in cases of delayed final decisions. (i) Reinstatement of entitlement. (j) Limitation on payments to prisoners. 424. Repealed. 424a. Reduction of disability benefits. (a) Conditions for reduction; computation. (b) Reduction where benefits payable on other than monthly basis. (c) Reductions and deductions under other provisions. (d) Exception. (e) Conditions for payment. (f) Redetermination of reduction. (g) Proportionate reduction; application of excess. (h) Furnishing of information. 425. Additional rules relating to benefits based on disability. (a) Suspension of benefits. (b) Continued payments during rehabilitation program. 426. Entitlement to hospital insurance benefits. (a) Individuals over 65 years. (b) Individuals under 65 years. (c) Conditions. (d) "Qualified railroad retirement beneficiary" defined. (e) Benefits for widows and widowers. (f) Medicare waiting period for recipients of disability benefits. (g) Information regarding eligibility of Federal employees. (h) Waiver of waiting period for individuals with ALS. (i) Continuing eligibility of certain terminated individuals. (j) Certain uninsured individuals. 426-1. End stage renal disease program. (a) Entitlement to benefits. (b) Duration of period of entitlement. (c) Individuals participating in self-care dialysis training programs; kidney transplant failures; resumption of previously terminated regular course of dialysis. (c) Continuing eligibility of certain terminated individuals. 426a. Transitional provision on eligibility of uninsured individuals for hospital insurance benefits. (a) Entitlement to benefits. (b) Persons ineligible. (c) Authorization of appropriations. 427. Transitional insured status for purposes of old-age and survivors benefits. (a) Determination of entitlement to benefits under section 402(a) to (c) of this title. (b) Determination of entitlement to surviving spouse's benefits under section 402(e) or (f) of this title. (c) Deceased individual entitled to benefits by reason of subsection (a) deemed to meet requirements of subsection (b). 428. Benefits at age 72 for certain uninsured individuals. (a) Eligibility. (b) Amount of benefits. (c) Reduction for government pension system benefits. (d) Suspension for months in which cash payments are made under public assistance or in which supplemental security income benefits are payable. (e) Suspension where individual is residing outside United States. (f) Treatment as monthly insurance benefits. (g) Annual reimbursement of Federal Old-Age and Survivors Insurance Trust Fund. (h) Definitions. 429. Benefits in case of members of uniformed services. 430. Adjustment of contribution and benefit base. (a) Determination and publication by Commissioner in Federal Register subsequent to cost-of-living benefit increase; effective date. (b) Determination of amount. (c) Amount of base for period prior to initial cost-of-living benefit increase. (d) Determinations for calendar years after 1976 for purposes of retirement benefit plans. 431. Benefits for certain individuals interned by United States during World War II. (a) "Internee" defined. (b) Applicability in determining entitlement to and amount of monthly benefits and lump-sum death payments, and period of disability; effect of payment of benefits by other agency or instrumentality of United States. (c) Authorization of appropriations. 432. Processing of tax data. 433. International agreements. (a) Purpose of agreement. (b) Definitions. (c) Crediting periods of coverage; conditions of payment of benefits. (d) Regulations. (e) Reports to Congress; effective date of agreements. 434. Demonstration project authority. (a) Authority. (b) Requirements. (c) Authority to waive compliance with benefits requirements. (d) Reports. SUBCHAPTER III - GRANTS TO STATES FOR UNEMPLOYMENT COMPENSATION ADMINISTRATION 501. Use of available funds. 502. Payments to States; computation of amounts. (a) Certification of amounts. (b) Payment of amounts. (c) Mailing costs. 503. State laws. (a) Provisions required. (b) Failure to comply; payments stopped. (c) Denial of certification; availability of records to Railroad Retirement Board; cooperation with Federal agencies. (d) Disclosure of unemployment compensation information; deduction and withholding of amounts owed to State food stamp agencies; reimbursement of administrative costs; non-compliance of State agency. (e) Disclosure of wage information; non-compliance of State agency. (f) Income and eligibility verification system. (g) Recovery of unemployment benefit payments. (h) Disclosure to Secretary of Health and Human Services of wage and unemployment compensation claims information; suspension by Secretary of Labor of payments to State for noncompliance. (i) Access to State employment records. (j) Worker profiling. (k) Transfer of unemployment experience upon transfer of business. 504. Judicial review. (a) Finding by Secretary of Labor; petition for review; filing of record. (b) Findings of fact by Secretary of Labor; new or modified findings. (c) Affirmance or setting aside of Secretary's action; review by Supreme Court. (d) Stay of Secretary's action. SUBCHAPTER IV - GRANTS TO STATES FOR AID AND SERVICES TO NEEDY FAMILIES WITH CHILDREN AND FOR CHILD-WELFARE SERVICES PART A - BLOCK GRANTS TO STATES FOR TEMPORARY ASSISTANCE FOR NEEDY FAMILIES 601. Purpose. (a) In general. (b) No individual entitlement. 602. Eligible States; State plan. (a) In general. (b) Plan amendments. (c) Public availability of State plan summary. 603. Grants to States. (a) Grants. (b) Contingency Fund. 603a. Transferred. 604. Use of grants. (a) General rules. (b) Limitation on use of grant for administrative purposes. (c) Authority to treat interstate immigrants under rules of former State. (d) Authority to use portion of grant for other purposes. (e) Authority to reserve certain amounts for assistance. (f) Authority to operate employment placement program. (g) Implementation of electronic benefit transfer system. (h) Use of funds for individual development accounts. (i) Sanction welfare recipients for failing to ensure that minor dependent children attend school. (j) Requirement for high school diploma or equivalent. (k) Limitations on use of grant for matching under certain Federal transportation program. 604a. Services provided by charitable, religious, or private organizations. (a) In general. (b) Religious organizations. (c) Nondiscrimination against religious organizations. (d) Religious character and freedom. (e) Rights of beneficiaries of assistance. (f) Employment practices. (g) Nondiscrimination against beneficiaries. (h) Fiscal accountability. (i) Compliance. (j) Limitations on use of funds for certain purposes. (k) Preemption. 605. Administrative provisions. (a) Quarterly. (b) Notification. (c) Computation and certification of payments to States. (d) Payment method. 606. Federal loans for State welfare programs. (a) Loan authority. (b) Rate of interest. (c) Use of loan. (d) Limitation on total amount of loans to State. (e) Limitation on total amount of outstanding loans. (f) Appropriation. 607. Mandatory work requirements. (a) Participation rate requirements. (b) Calculation of participation rates. (c) Engaged in work. (d) "Work activities" defined. (e) Penalties against individuals. (f) Nondisplacement in work activities. (g) Sense of Congress. (h) Sense of Congress that States should impose certain requirements on noncustodial, nonsupporting minor parents. (i) Review of implementation of State work programs. 608. Prohibitions; requirements. (a) In general. (b) Individual responsibility plans. (c) Sanctions against recipients not considered wage reductions. (d) Nondiscrimination provisions. (e) Special rules relating to treatment of certain aliens. (f) Special rules relating to treatment of non-213A aliens. (g) State required to provide certain information. 608a. Fraud under means-tested welfare and public assistance programs. (a) In general. (b) Welfare or public assistance programs for which Federal funds are appropriated. 609. Penalties. (a) In general. (b) Reasonable cause exception. (c) Corrective compliance plan. (d) Limitation on amount of penalties. 610. Appeal of adverse decision. (a) In general. (b) Administrative review. (c) Judicial review of adverse decision. 611. Data collection and reporting. (a) Quarterly reports by States. (b) Annual reports to Congress by Secretary. 611a. State required to provide certain information. 612. Direct funding and administration by Indian tribes. (a) Grants for Indian tribes. (b) 3-year tribal family assistance plan. (c) Minimum work participation requirements and time limits. (d) Emergency assistance. (e) Accountability. (f) Eligibility for Federal loans. (g) Penalties. (h) Data collection and reporting. (i) Special rule for Indian tribes in Alaska. 613. Research, evaluations, and national studies. (a) Research. (b) Development and evaluation of innovative approaches to reducing welfare dependency and increasing child well-being. (c) Dissemination of information. (d) Annual ranking of States and review of most and least successful work programs. (e) Annual ranking of States and review of issues relating to out-of-wedlock births. (f) State-initiated evaluations. (g) Report on circumstances of certain children and families. (h) Funding of studies and demonstrations. (i) Child poverty rates. (j) Evaluation of welfare-to-work programs. 614. Study by Census Bureau. (a) In general. (b) Appropriation. 615. Waivers. (a) Continuation of waivers. (b) State option to terminate waiver. (c) Secretarial encouragement of current waivers. (d) Continuation of individual waivers. 616. Administration. 617. Limitation on Federal authority. 618. Funding for child care. (a) General child care entitlement. (b) Use of funds. (c) Application of Child Care and Development Block Grant Act of 1990. (d) "State" defined. 619. Definitions. PART B - CHILD AND FAMILY SERVICES SUBPART 1 - CHILD WELFARE SERVICES 620. Authorization of appropriations. 621. Allotments to States. (a) Allotment formula. (b) Allotment percentage. (c) Promulgation of allotment percentage. (d) "United States" defined. 622. State plans for child welfare services. (a) Joint development. (b) Requisite features of State plans. 623. Payment to States. (a) Payment schedule. (b) Computation and method of payment. (c) Prohibited payments; exceptions. (d) Minimum State expenditures. 624. Reallotment. (a) In general. (b) Exception relating to foster child protections. 625. Definitions. 626. Research, training, or demonstration projects. (a) Authorization of appropriations. (b) Appropriations for demonstration projects for development of alternate care arrangements for infants not requiring hospitalization. (c) Payments; advances or reimbursements; installments; conditions. 627. Repealed. 628. Payments to Indian tribal organizations. (a) Amounts. (b) Inclusion in State allotment. (c) "Indian tribe" and "tribal organization" defined. 628a. Child welfare traineeships. 628b. National random sample study of child welfare. (a) In general. (b) Requirements. (c) Preferred contents. (d) Reports. (e) Appropriation. SUBPART 2 - PROMOTING SAFE AND STABLE FAMILIES 629. Findings and purpose. (a) Findings. (b) Purpose. 629a. Definitions. (a) In general. (b) Other terms. 629b. State plans. (a) Plan requirements. (b) Approval of plans. 629c. Allotments to States. (a) Indian tribes. (b) Territories. (c) Other States. (d) Reallotments. 629d. Payments to States. (a) Entitlement. (b) Prohibitions. (c) Direct payments to tribal organizations of Indian tribes. 629e. Evaluations; research; technical assistance. (a) Evaluations. (b) Coordination of evaluations. (c) Research. (d) Technical assistance. 629f. Authorization of appropriations; reservation of certain amounts. (a) Authorization. (b) Reservation of certain amounts. 629g. Discretionary grants. (a) Limitations on authorization of appropriations. (b) Reservation of certain amounts. (c) Allotments. (d) Grants. (e) Applicability of certain rules. 629h. Entitlement funding for State courts to assess and improve handling of proceedings relating to foster care and adoption. (a) In general. (b) Applications. (c) Allotments. (d) Federal share. 629i. Grants for programs for mentoring children of prisoners. (a) Findings and purpose. (b) Definitions. (c) Program authorized. (d) Application requirements. (e) Federal share. (f) Considerations in awarding grants. (g) Evaluation. (h) Authorization of appropriations; reservation of certain amounts. PART C - WORK INCENTIVE PROGRAM FOR RECIPIENTS OF AID UNDER STATE PLAN APPROVED UNDER PART A 630 to 645. Repealed or Omitted. PART D - CHILD SUPPORT AND ESTABLISHMENT OF PATERNITY 651. Authorization of appropriations. 652. Duties of Secretary. (a) Establishment of separate organizational unit; duties. (b) Certification of child support obligations to Secretary of the Treasury for collection. (c) Payment of child support collections to States. (d) Child support management information system. (e) Technical assistance to States. (f) Regulations. (g) Performance standards for State paternity establishment programs. (h) Prompt State response to requests for child support assistance. (i) Prompt State distribution of amounts collected as child support. (j) Training of Federal and State staff, research and demonstration programs, and special projects of regional or national significance. (k) Denial of passports for nonpayment of child support. (l) Facilitation of agreements between State agencies and financial institutions. 653. Federal Parent Locator Service. (a) Establishment; purpose. (b) Disclosure of information to authorized persons. (c) "Authorized person" defined. (d) Form and manner of request for information. (e) Compliance with request; search of files and records by head of any department, etc., of United States; transmittal of information to Secretary; reimbursement for cost of search; fees. (f) Arrangements and cooperation with State agencies. (g) Reimbursement for reports by State agencies. (h) Federal Case Registry of Child Support Orders. (i) National Directory of New Hires. (j) Information comparisons and other disclosures. (k) Fees. (l) Restriction on disclosure and use. (m) Information integrity and security. (n) Federal Government reporting. (o) Use of set-aside funds. (p) "Support order" defined. 653a. State Directory of New Hires. (a) Establishment. (b) Employer information. (c) Reporting format and method. (d) Civil money penalties on noncomplying employers. (e) Entry of employer information. (f) Information comparisons. (g) Transmission of information. (h) Other uses of new hire information. 654. State plan for child and spousal support. 654a. Automated data processing. (a) In general. (b) Program management. (c) Calculation of performance indicators. (d) Information integrity and security. (e) State case registry. (f) Information comparisons and other disclosures of information. (g) Collection and distribution of support payments. (h) Expedited administrative procedures. 654b. Collection and disbursement of support payments. (a) State disbursement unit. (b) Required procedures. (c) Timing of disbursements. (d) "Business day" defined. 655. Payments to States. (a) Amounts payable each quarter. (b) Estimate of amounts payable; installment payments. (c) Repealed. (d) State reports. (e) Special project grants for interstate enforcement; appropriations. (f) Direct Federal funding to Indian tribes and tribal organizations. 655a. Provision for reimbursement of expenses. 656. Support obligation as obligation to State; amount; discharge in bankruptcy. (a) Collection processes. (b) Nondischargeability. 657. Distribution of collected support. (a) In general. (b) Continuation of assignments. (c) Definitions. (d) Gap payments not subject to distribution under this section. (e) Amounts collected for child for whom foster care maintenance payments are made. 658. Repealed. 658a. Incentive payments to States. (a) In general. (b) Amount of incentive payment. (c) Treatment of interstate collections. (d) Administrative provisions. (e) Regulations. (f) Reinvestment. 659. Consent by United States to income withholding, garnishment, and similar proceedings for enforcement of child support and alimony obligations. (a) Consent to support enforcement. (b) Consent to requirements applicable to private person. (c) Designation of agent; response to notice or process. (d) Priority of claims. (e) No requirement to vary pay cycles. (f) Relief from liability. (g) Regulations. (h) Moneys subject to process. (i) Definitions. 659a. International support enforcement. (a) Authority for declarations. (b) Standards for foreign support enforcement procedures. (c) Designation of United States Central Authority. (d) Effect on other laws. 660. Civil action to enforce child support obligations; jurisdiction of district courts. 661, 662. Repealed. 663. Use of Federal Parent Locator Service in connection with enforcement or determination of child custody in cases of parental kidnaping of child. (a) Agreements with States for use of Federal Parent Locator Service. (b) Requests from authorized persons for information. (c) Information which may be disclosed. (d) "Custody or visitation determination" and "authorized person" defined. (e) Agreement on use of Federal Parent Locator Service with United States Central Authority under Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction. (f) Agreement to assist in locating missing children under Federal Parent Locator Service. 664. Collection of past-due support from Federal tax refunds. (a) Procedures applicable; distribution. (b) Regulations; contents, etc. (c) "Past-due support" defined. 665. Allotments from pay for child and spousal support owed by members of uniformed services on active duty. (a) Mandatory allotment; notice upon failure to make; amount of allotment; adjustment or discontinuance; consultation. (b) "Authorized person" defined. (c) Regulations. 666. Requirement of statutorily prescribed procedures to improve effectiveness of child support enforcement. (a) Types of procedures required. (b) Withholding from income of amounts payable as support. (c) Expedited procedures. (d) Exemption of States. (e) "Overdue support" defined. (f) Uniform Interstate Family Support Act. (g) Laws voiding fraudulent transfers. 667. State guidelines for child support awards. (a) Establishment of guidelines; method. (b) Availability of guidelines; rebuttable presumption. (c) Technical assistance to States; State to furnish Secretary with copies. 668. Encouragement of States to adopt civil procedure for establishing paternity in contested cases. 669. Collection and reporting of child support enforcement data. (a) In general. (b) Types of services. (c) Types of service recipients. (d) Rule of interpretation. 669a. Nonliability for financial institutions providing financial records to State child support enforcement agencies in child support cases. (a) In general. (b) Prohibition of disclosure of financial record obtained by State child support enforcement agency. (c) Civil damages for unauthorized disclosure. (d) Definitions. 669b. Grants to States for access and visitation programs. (a) In general. (b) Amount of grant. (c) Allotments to States. (d) No supplantation of State expenditures for similar activities. (e) State administration. PART E - FEDERAL PAYMENTS FOR FOSTER CARE AND ADOPTION ASSISTANCE 670. Congressional declaration of purpose; authorization of appropriations. 671. State plan for foster care and adoption assistance. (a) Requisite features of State plan. (b) Approval of plan by Secretary. 672. Foster care maintenance payments program. (a) Qualifying children. (b) Additional qualifications. (c) "Foster family home" and "child-care institution" defined. (d) Children removed from their homes pursuant to voluntary placement agreements. (e) Placements in best interest of child. (f) "Voluntary placement" and "voluntary placement agreement" defined. (g) Revocation of voluntary placement agreement. (h) Aid for dependent children; assistance for minor children in needy families. 673. Adoption assistance program. (a) Agreements with adoptive parents of children with special needs; State payments; qualifying children; amount of payments; changes in circumstances; placement period prior to adoption; nonrecurring adoption expenses. (b) Aid for dependent children; assistance for minor children in needy families. (c) Children with special needs. 673a. Interstate compacts. 673b. Adoption incentive payments. (a) Grant authority. (b) Incentive-eligible State. (c) Data requirements. (d) Adoption incentive payment. (e) 2-year availability of incentive payments. (f) Limitations on use of incentive payments. (g) Definitions. (h) Limitations on authorization of appropriations. (i) Technical assistance. 674. Payments to States. (a) Amounts. (b) Quarterly estimates of State's entitlement for next quarter; payments; United States' pro rata share of amounts recovered as overpayment; allowance, disallowance, or deferral of claim. (c) Automated data collection expenditures. (d) Reduction for violation of plan requirement. (e) Discretionary grants for educational and training vouchers for youths aging out of foster care. (f) Reduction for failure to submit required data. 675. Definitions. 676. Administration. (a) Technical assistance to States. (b) Data collection and evaluation. 677. John H. Chafee Foster Care Independence Program. (a) Purpose. (b) Applications. (c) Allotments to States. (d) Use of funds. (e) Penalties. (f) Data collection and performance measurement. (g) Evaluations. (h) Limitations on authorization of appropriations. (i) Educational and training vouchers. 678. Rule of construction. 679. Collection of data relating to adoption and foster care. (a) Advisory Committee on Adoption and Foster Care Information. (b) Report to Congress; regulations. (c) Data collection system. 679a. National Adoption Information Clearinghouse. 679b. Annual report. PART F - JOB OPPORTUNITIES AND BASIC SKILLS TRAINING PROGRAM 681 to 687. Repealed. SUBCHAPTER V - MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH SERVICES BLOCK GRANT 701. Authorization of appropriations; purposes; definitions. 702. Allotment to States and Federal set-aside. (a) Special projects. (b) Excess funds; preference. (c) Allotments to States. (d) Re-allotment of unallotted funds. 703. Payments to States. (a) Statutory provisions applicable. (b) Unobligated allotments. (c) Reduction of payments; fair market value of supplies or equipment, value of salaries, travel expenses, etc. 703a. Omitted. 704. Use of allotment funds. (a) Covered services. (b) Restrictions. (c) Use of portion of funds. (d) Limitation on use of funds for administrative costs. 704a. Omitted. 704b. Nonavailability of allotments after close of fiscal year. 705. Application for block grant funds. 706. Administrative and fiscal accountability. (a) Annual reporting requirements; form, etc. (b) Audits; implementation, standards, etc. (c) Public inspection of reports and audits. (d) Access to books, records, etc.; creation of new records. 707. Criminal penalty for false statements. 708. Nondiscrimination provisions. (a) Federally funded activities. (b) Compliance. (c) Authority of Attorney General; civil actions. 709. Administration of Federal and State programs. 710. Separate program for abstinence education. (a) In general. (b) Purpose of allotment. (c) Applicability of sections 703, 707, and 708. (d) Appropriations. 711 to 731. Omitted or Repealed. SUBCHAPTER VI - TEMPORARY STATE FISCAL RELIEF 801. Repealed. SUBCHAPTER VII - ADMINISTRATION 901. Social Security Administration. 901a. Repealed. 902. Commissioner; Deputy Commissioner; other officers. (a) Commissioner of Social Security. (b) Deputy Commissioner of Social Security. (c) Chief Actuary. (d) Chief Financial Officer. (e) Inspector General. 903. Social Security Advisory Board. (a) Establishment of Board. (b) Functions of Board. (c) Structure and membership of Board. (d) Terms of appointment. (e) Chairman. (f) Compensation, expenses, and per diem. (g) Meetings. (h) Federal Advisory Committee Act. (i) Personnel. (j) Authorization of appropriations. 904. Administrative duties of Commissioner. (a) Personnel. (b) Budgetary matters. (c) Employment restriction. (d) Seal of office. (e) Data exchanges. 905, 905a. Transferred. 906. Training grants for public welfare personnel. (a) Authorization of appropriations. (b) Allocation for carrying out direct grant programs. (c) Payments to States for cost of grant programs to certain agencies and institutions. (d) Advance payments to States. (e) Reallotments. (f) Direct grants to certain agencies and institutions. 907. Repealed. 907a. National Commission on Social Security. (a) Establishment; membership; Chairman and Vice Chairman; quorum; terms of office; vacancies; per diem and expense reimbursement; meetings. (b) Continuing study, investigation, and review of social security program; scope of study, etc., and public participation. (c) Special, annual, and final reports to President and Congress concerning implementation, etc., of study, investigation, and review responsibilities; termination of Commission. (d) Executive Director and additional personnel; appointment and compensation. (e) Administrative procedures. (f) Data and information from other Federal departments and agencies. (g) Administrative support services from General Services Administration; reimbursement. (h) Authorization of appropriations. 908. Omitted. 909. Delivery of benefit checks. (a) Saturdays, Sundays, and holidays. (b) Recovery of overpayments. (c) Early delivery. 910. Recommendations by Board of Trustees to remedy inadequate balances in Social Security trust funds. (a) Terms and conditions of recommendations. (b) "Balance ratio" defined. 911. Budgetary treatment of trust fund operations. 912. Office of Rural Health Policy. 913. Duties and authority of Secretary. SUBCHAPTER VIII - SPECIAL BENEFITS FOR CERTAIN WORLD WAR II VETERANS 1001. Basic entitlement to benefits. 1002. Qualified individuals. 1003. Residence outside the United States. 1004. Disqualifications. (a) In general. (b) Requirement for Attorney General. 1005. Benefit amount. 1006. Applications and furnishing of information. (a) In general. (b) Verification requirement. 1007. Representative payees. (a) In general. (b) Examination of fitness of prospective representative payee. (c) Requirement for maintaining lists of undesirable payees. (d) Persons ineligible to serve as representative payees. (e) Deferral of payment pending appointment of representative payee. (f) Hearing. (g) Notice requirements. (h) Accountability monitoring. (i) Restitution. (j) Misuse of benefits. (k) Periodic onsite review. (l) Liability for misused amounts. 1008. Overpayments and underpayments. (a) In general. (b) Waiver of recovery of overpayment. (c) Limited immunity for disbursing officers. (d) Authorized collection practices. (e) Cross-program recovery of overpayments. 1009. Hearings and review. (a) Hearings. (b) Judicial review. 1010. Other administrative provisions. (a) Regulations and administrative arrangements. (b) Payment of benefits. (c) Entitlement redeterminations. (d) Suspension and termination of benefits. 1010a. Optional Federal administration of State recognition payments. (a) In general. (b) Agreement terms. (c) Special disposition of administration fees. 1011. Penalties for fraud. (a) In general. (b) Court order for restitution. 1012. Definitions. 1013. Appropriations. SUBCHAPTER IX - EMPLOYMENT SECURITY ADMINISTRATIVE FINANCING 1101. Employment Security Administration Account. (a) Establishment. (b) Amount credited to Account; transfer of funds; adjustments; repayment of internal revenue refunds. (c) Administrative expenditures; necessary expenses; quarterly transfer of funds; adjustments; limitation; estimate of net receipts. (d) Additional tax attributable to reduced credits; transfer of funds. (e) Revolving fund; appropriations; advances to Account; repayment; interest. (f) Determination of excess in Account; limitation on amount to be retained; use of balance in Account during certain fiscal years; net balance. 1102. Transfers between Federal Unemployment Account and Employment Security Administration Account. (a) Determination of excess; amount transferred. (b) Unemployment account excesses. (c) Report to Congress. 1103. Amounts transferred to State accounts. (a) Determination and certification by Secretary of Labor. (b) Transfer of funds where State is ineligible. (c) Use of funds. (d) Special transfer in fiscal year 2002. (e) Special transfer in fiscal year 2006. 1104. Unemployment Trust Fund. (a) Establishment. (b) Investments. (c) Sale or redemption of obligations. (d) Treatment of interest and proceeds. (e) Separate book accounts. (f) Payment to State agencies and Railroad Retirement Board. (g) Federal unemployment account; establishment. 1105. Extended Unemployment Compensation Account. (a) Establishment. (b) Transfers to account. (c) Transfers to State accounts. (d) Advances to account; repayment. 1106. Unemployment compensation research program. 1107. Personnel training. (a) Creation of program. (b) Repayment of costs. (c) Detail of Federal and State employees. (d) Authorization of appropriations. 1108. Advisory Council on Unemployment Compensation. (a) Establishment. (b) Function. (c) Members. (d) Staff and other assistance. (e) Compensation. (f) Report. 1109. Federal Employees Compensation Account. 1110. Borrowing between Federal accounts. (a) In general. (b) Treatment of advance. (c) Repayment. SUBCHAPTER X - GRANTS TO STATES FOR AID TO BLIND 1201. Authorization of appropriations. 1202. State plans for aid to blind. 1202a. Repealed. 1203. Payment to States. (a) Authorization of payments. (b) Computation of amounts. 1204. Operation of State plans. 1205. Omitted. 1206. "Aid to the blind" defined. SUBCHAPTER XI - GENERAL PROVISIONS, PEER REVIEW, AND ADMINISTRATIVE SIMPLIFICATION PART A - GENERAL PROVISIONS 1301. Definitions. 1301-1, 1301a. Omitted. 1302. Rules and regulations; impact analyses of Medicare and Medicaid rules and regulations on small rural hospitals. 1303. Separability. 1304. Reservation of right to amend or repeal. 1305. Short title of chapter. 1306. Disclosure of information in possession of Social Security Administration or Department of Health and Human Services. (a) Disclosure prohibited; exceptions. (b) Requests for information and services. (c) Cost reimbursement. (d) Compliance with requests. (e) Public inspection. (f) Opportunity for review. 1306a. Public access to State disbursement records. 1306b. State data exchanges. 1307. Penalty for fraud. 1308. Additional grants to Puerto Rico, Virgin Islands, Guam, and American Samoa; limitation on total payments. (a) Limitation on total payments to each territory. (b) Entitlement to matching grant. (c) Definitions. (d) Authority to transfer funds to certain programs. (e) Repealed. (f) Total amount certified under subchapter XIX. (g) Medicaid payments to territories for fiscal year 1998 and thereafter. 1309. Amounts disregarded not to be taken into account in determining eligibility of other individuals. 1310. Cooperative research or demonstration projects. (a) In general. (b) Limitations and costs. (c) Survey of use of payments. 1311. Public assistance payments to legal representatives. 1312. Medical care guides and reports for public assistance and medical assistance. 1313. Assistance for United States citizens returned from foreign countries. (a) Authorization; reimbursement; utilization of facilities of public or private agencies and organizations. (b) Plans and arrangements for assistance; consultations. (c) "Temporary assistance" defined. (d) Maximum total amount of temporary assistance. (e) Authority of Secretary to accept gifts. 1314. Public advisory groups. (a) Advisory Council on Public Welfare; appointment and functions of initial Council. (b) Membership and representation of interests on initial Council. (c) Technical and other assistance for initial Council; availability of data. (d) Termination of initial Council's existence on submission of report. (e) Succeeding Councils; appointment; functions; membership; representation of interests; assistance and data; termination. (f) Advisory committees; functions; reports by Secretary. (g) Compensation and travel expenses. (h) Exemption from conflict of interest laws of members of Council or advisory committees; exceptions. 1314a. Measurement and reporting of welfare receipt. (a) Congressional policy. (b) Development of welfare indicators and predictors. (c) Advisory Board on Welfare Indicators. (d) Annual welfare indicators report. (e) Short title. 1315. Demonstration projects. (a) Waiver of State plan requirements; costs regarded as State plan expenditures; availability of appropriations. (b) Child support enforcement programs. (c) Demonstration projects to test alternative definitions of unemployment. (e) Extensions of State-wide comprehensive demonstration projects for which waivers granted. (f) Application for extension of waiver project; submission; approval. 1316. Administrative and judicial review of public assistance determinations. (a) Determination of conformity with requirements for approval; petition for reconsideration; hearing; time limitations; review by court of appeals. (b) Amendment of plans. (c) Restitution when Secretary reverses his determination. (d) Items covered under other subchapters; disallowance. 1317. Appointment of the Administrator and Chief Actuary of the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services. 1318. Alternative Federal payment with respect to public assistance expenditures. 1319. Federal participation in payments for repairs to home owned by recipient of aid or assistance. 1320. Approval of certain projects. 1320a. Uniform reporting systems for health services facilities and organizations. (a) Establishment; criteria for regulations; requirements for hospitals. (b) Monitoring, etc., of systems by Secretary. (c) Availability of information to appropriate agencies and organizations. 1320a-1. Limitation on use of Federal funds for capital expenditures. (a) Use of reimbursement for planning activities for health services and facilities. (b) Agreement between Secretary and State for submission of proposed capital expenditures related to health care facilities and procedures for appeal from recommendations. (c) Manner of payment to States for carrying out agreement. (d) Determination of amount of exclusions from Federal payments. (e) Treatment of lease or comparable arrangement of any facility or equipment for a facility in determining amount of exclusions from Federal payments. (f) Reconsideration by Secretary of determinations. (g) "Capital expenditure" defined. (h) Applicability to Christian Science sanatoriums. (i) National advisory council; establishment or designation of existing council; functions; consultations with other appropriate national advisory councils; composition; compensation and travel expenses. (j) Capital expenditure review exception for eligible organization health care facilities. 1320a-1a. Transferred. 1320a-2. Effect of failure to carry out State plan. 1320a-2a. Reviews of child and family services programs, and of foster care and adoption assistance programs, for conformity with State plan requirements. (a) In general. (b) Elements of review system. (c) Provisions for administrative and judicial review. 1320a-3. Disclosure of ownership and related information; procedure; definitions; scope of requirements. 1320a-3a. Disclosure requirements for other providers under part B of Medicare. (a) Disclosure required to receive payment. (b) Updates to information supplied. (c) Verification. (d) Definitions. 1320a-4. Issuance of subpenas by Comptroller General. (a) Authorization; scope; service and proof of service. (b) Contumacy or refusal to obey subpena; contempt proceedings. (c) Nondisclosure of personal medical records by Government Accountability Office. 1320a-5. Disclosure by institutions, organizations, and agencies of owners, officers, etc., convicted of offenses related to programs; notification requirements; "managing employee" defined. 1320a-6. Adjustments in SSI benefits on account of retroactive benefits under subchapter II. (a) Reduction in benefits. (b) "Supplemental security income benefits" defined. (c) Reimbursement of the State. 1320a-7. Exclusion of certain individuals and entities from participation in Medicare and State health care programs. (a) Mandatory exclusion. (b) Permissive exclusion. (c) Notice, effective date, and period of exclusion. (d) Notice to State agencies and exclusion under State health care programs. (e) Notice to State licensing agencies. (f) Notice, hearing, and judicial review. (g) Application for termination of exclusion. (h) "State health care program" defined. (i) "Convicted" defined. (j) Definition of immediate family member and member of household. 1320a-7a. Civil monetary penalties. (a) Improperly filed claims. (b) Payments to induce reduction or limitation of services. (c) Initiation of proceeding; authorization by Attorney General, notice, etc., estoppel, failure to comply with order or procedure. (d) Amount or scope of penalty, assessment, or exclusion. (e) Review by courts of appeals. (f) Compromise of penalties and assessments; recovery; use of funds recovered. (g) Finality of determination respecting penalty, assessment or exclusion. (h) Notification of appropriate entities of finality of determination. (i) Definitions. (j) Subpoenas. (k) Injunctions. (l) Liability of principal for acts of agent. (m) Claims within jurisdiction of other departments or agencies. (n) Safe harbor for payment of medigap premiums. 1320a-7b. Criminal penalties for acts involving Federal health care programs. (a) Making or causing to be made false statements or representations. (b) Illegal remunerations. (c) False statements or representations with respect to condition or operation of institutions. (d) Illegal patient admittance and retention practices. (e) Violation of assignment terms. (f) "Federal health care program" defined. 1320a-7c. Fraud and abuse control program. (a) Establishment of program. (b) Additional use of funds by Inspector General. (c) "Health plan" defined. 1320a-7d. Guidance regarding application of health care fraud and abuse sanctions. (a) Solicitation and publication of modifications to existing safe harbors and new safe harbors. (b) Advisory opinions. (c) Special fraud alerts. 1320a-7e. Health care fraud and abuse data collection program. (a) General purpose. (b) Reporting of information. (c) Disclosure and correction of information. (d) Access to reported information. (e) Protection from liability for reporting. (f) Coordination with National Practitioner Data Bank. (g) Definitions and special rules. 1320a-7f. Coordination of medicare and medicaid surety bond provisions. 1320a-8. Civil monetary penalties and assessments for subchapters II, VIII and XVI. (a) False statements or representations of material fact; proceedings to exclude; wrongful conversions by representative payees. (b) Initiation of proceedings; hearing; sanctions. (c) Amount or scope of penalties, assessments, or exclusions. (d) Judicial review. (e) Compromise of money penalties and assessments; recovery; use of funds recovered. (f) Finality of determination respecting penalty, assessment, or exclusion. (g) Notification of appropriate entities of finality of determination. (h) Injunction. (i) Delegation of authority. (j) "State agency" defined. (k) Liability of principal for acts of agents. (l) Protection of ongoing criminal investigations. 1320a-8a. Administrative procedure for imposing penalties for false or misleading statements. (a) In general. (b) Penalty. (c) Duration of penalty. (d) Effect on other assistance. (e) Definition. (f) Consultations. 1320a-8b. Attempts to interfere with administration of this chapter. 1320a-9. Demonstration projects. (a) Authority to approve demonstration projects. (b) Waiver authority. (c) Treatment as program expenditures. (d) Duration of demonstration. (e) Application. (f) Evaluations; report. (g) Cost neutrality. 1320a-10. Effect of failure to carry out State plan. 1320b. Repealed. 1320b-1. Notification of Social Security claimant with respect to deferred vested benefits. 1320b-2. Period within which certain claims must be filed. (a) Claims. (b) Waiver. 1320b-3. Applicants or recipients under public assistance programs not to be required to make election respecting certain veterans' benefits. (a) Supplemental Security Income program. (b) Period of effectiveness. 1320b-4. Nonprofit hospital or critical access hospital philanthropy. 1320b-5. Authority to waive requirements during national emergencies. (a) Purpose. (b) Secretarial authority. (c) Authority for retroactive waiver. (d) Certification to Congress. (e) Duration of waiver. (f) Report to Congress. (g) Definitions. 1320b-6. Exclusion of representatives and health care providers convicted of violations from participation in social security programs. (a) In general. (b) Notice, effective date, and period of exclusion. (c) Notice to State agencies. (d) Notice to State licensing agencies. (e) Notice, hearing, and judicial review. (f) Application for termination of exclusion. (g) Availability of records of excluded representatives and health care providers. (h) Reporting requirement. (i) Delegation of authority. (j) Definitions. 1320b-7. Income and eligibility verification system. (a) Requirements of State eligibility systems. (b) Applicable programs. (c) Protection of applicants from improper use of information. (d) Citizenship or immigration status requirements; documentation; verification by Immigration and Naturalization Service; denial of benefits; hearing. (e) Erroneous State citizenship or immigration status determinations; penalties not required. (f) Medical assistance to aliens for treatment of emergency conditions. 1320b-8. Hospital protocols for organ procurement and standards for organ procurement agencies. 1320b-9. National Commission on Children. (a) Establishment. (b) Membership. (c) Duties and functions of Commission; public hearings in different geographical areas; broad spectrum of witnesses and testimony. (d) Interim and final report to President and Congress; recommendations. (e) Time of appointment of members; vacancies; election of Chairman; quorum; calling of meetings; number of meetings; voting; compensation and expenses. (f) Executive Director and additional personnel; appointment and compensation; consultants. (g) Time and place of hearings and nature of testimony authorized. (h) Data and information from other agencies and departments. (i) Support services by General Services Administration. (j) Authorization of appropriations. (k) Donations accepted and deposited in Treasury in separate fund; expenditures; gift or bequest to or for use of United States. (l) Public surveys. 1320b-10. Prohibitions relating to references to Social Security or Medicare. (a) Prohibited acts. (b) Civil penalties. (c) Application of other law; compromise, recovery, and deposit into Treasury of civil money penalties. (d) Enforcement. 1320b-11. Blood Donor Locator Service. (a) In general. (b) Provision of address information. (c) Manner and form of requests. (d) Procedures and safeguards. (e) Arrangements with State agencies and authorized persons. (f) Procedures for administrative review. (g) Unauthorized disclosure of information. (h) Definitions. 1320b-12. Research on outcomes of health care services and procedures. (a) Establishment of program. (b) Priorities. (c) Methodologies and criteria for evaluations. (d) Standards for data bases. (e) Dissemination of research findings and guidelines. (f) Evaluations. (g) Research with respect to dissemination. (h) Omitted. (i) Authorization of appropriations. 1320b-13. Social security account statements. (a) Provision upon request. (b) Notice to eligible individuals. (c) Mandatory provision of statements. (d) Disclosure to governmental employees of effect of noncovered employment. 1320b-14. Outreach efforts to increase awareness of the availability of medicare cost-sharing and subsidies for low-income individuals under subchapter XVIII. (a) Outreach. (b) Coordination with States. 1320b-15. Protection of social security and medicare trust funds. (a) In general. (b) "Public debt obligation" defined. (c) "Federal fund" defined. 1320b-16. Public disclosure of certain information on hospital financial interest and referral patterns. 1320b-17. Cross-program recovery of overpayments from benefits. (a) In general. (b) Limitation applicable to current benefits. (c) No effect on eligibility or benefit amount under subchapter VIII or XVI. (d) Inapplicability of prohibition against assessment and legal process. (e) Programs described. 1320b-18. Repealed. 1320b-19. The Ticket to Work and Self-Sufficiency Program. (a) In general. (b) Ticket system. (c) State participation. (d) Responsibilities of the Commissioner. (e) Program managers. (f) Employment networks. (g) Individual work plans. (h) Employment network payment systems. (i) Suspension of disability reviews. (j) Authorizations. (k) Definitions. (l) Regulations. 1320b-20. Work incentives outreach program. (a) Establishment. (b) Conditions. (c) Definitions. (d) Authorization of appropriations. 1320b-21. State grants for work incentives assistance to disabled beneficiaries. (a) In general. (b) Services provided. (c) Application. (d) Amount of payments. (e) Annual report. (f) Funding. (g) Definitions. (h) Authorization of appropriations. 1320b-22. Grants to develop and establish State infrastructures to support working individuals with disabilities. (a) Establishment. (b) Grants for infrastructure and outreach. (c) Availability of funds. (d) Annual report. (e) Appropriation. (f) Recommendation. 1320b-23. Repealed. PART B - PEER REVIEW OF UTILIZATION AND QUALITY OF HEALTH CARE SERVICES 1320c. Purpose. 1320c-1. "Utilization and quality control peer review organization" defined. 1320c-2. Contracts with utilization and quality control peer review organizations. (a) Establishment and consolidation of geographic areas. (b) Organizations entitled to contract with Secretary. (c) Terms of contract. (d) Review prior to termination of contract; modification and termination; reviewing panel. (e) Authority of Secretary. (f) Termination not subject to judicial review. (g) Timely provision of hospital data to peer review organizations. (h) Publication of new policy or procedure and general criteria and standards for evaluation; performance comparison report. (i) Preference in contracting with in-State organizations. 1320c-3. Functions of peer review organizations. (a) Review of professional activities; determination of payment; determination of review authority; consultation with professional health care practitioners; standards of health care; other duties. (b) Review by physicians; physician's family defined. (c) Utilization of services of physicians to make final determinations of denial decisions with respect to professional conduct of other physicians. (d) Review of ambulatory surgical procedures. (e) Review of hospital denial notices. (f) Identification of methods for identifying cases of substandard care. 1320c-4. Right to hearing and judicial review. 1320c-5. Obligations of health care practitioners and providers of health care services; sanctions and penalties; hearings and review. (a) Assurances regarding services and items ordered or provided by practitioner or provider. (b) Sanctions and penalties; hearings and review. (c) Enlistment of support of other organizations to assure practitioner's or provider's compliance with obligations. 1320c-6. Limitation on liability. (a) Providers of information to organizations having a contract with Secretary. (b) Employees and fiduciaries of organizations having contracts with Secretary. (c) Physicians and providers. (d) Reimbursement by Secretary for expenses incurred in defense of legal proceedings. 1320c-7. Application of this part to certain State programs receiving Federal financial assistance. (a) State plan provision that functions of peer review organizations may be performed by contract with such organization. (b) Federal share of expenditures. 1320c-8. Authorization for use of certain funds to administer provisions of this part. 1320c-9. Prohibition against disclosure of information. (a) Freedom of Information Act inapplicable; exceptions to nondisclosure. (b) Disclosure of information permitted. (c) Penalties. (d) Subpoena and discovery proceedings regarding patient records. (e) Organizations with contracts. 1320c-10. Annual reports. 1320c-11. Exemptions for religious nonmedical health care institutions. 1320c-12. Medical officers in American Samoa, Northern Mariana Islands, and Trust Territory of Pacific Islands to be included in utilization and quality control peer review program. 1320c-13 to 1320c-22. Repealed or Omitted. PART C - ADMINISTRATIVE SIMPLIFICATION 1320d. Definitions. 1320d-1. General requirements for adoption of standards. (a) Applicability. (b) Reduction of costs. (c) Role of standard setting organizations. (d) Implementation specifications. (e) Protection of trade secrets. (f) Assistance to Secretary. (g) Application to modifications of standards. 1320d-2. Standards for information transactions and data elements. (a) Standards to enable electronic exchange. (b) Unique health identifiers. (c) Code sets. (d) Security standards for health information. (e) Electronic signature. (f) Transfer of information among health plans. 1320d-3. Timetables for adoption of standards. (a) Initial standards. (b) Additions and modifications to standards. 1320d-4. Requirements. (a) Conduct of transactions by plans. (b) Compliance with standards. 1320d-5. General penalty for failure to comply with requirements and standards. (a) General penalty. (b) Limitations. 1320d-6. Wrongful disclosure of individually identifiable health information. (a) Offense. (b) Penalties. 1320d-7. Effect on State law. (a) General effect. (b) Public health. (c) State regulatory reporting. 1320d-8. Processing payment transactions by financial institutions. SUBCHAPTER XII - ADVANCES TO STATE UNEMPLOYMENT FUNDS 1321. Eligibility requirements for transfer of funds; reimbursement by State; application; certification; limitation. 1322. Repayment by State; certification; transfer; interest on loan; credit of interest on loan. (a) Repayment by State; certification; transfer. (b) Interest on loan. (c) Credit of interest on loan. 1323. Repayable advances to Federal Unemployment Account. 1324. "Governor" defined. SUBCHAPTER XIII - RECONVERSION UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFITS FOR SEAMEN 1331 to 1336. Repealed. SUBCHAPTER XIV - GRANTS TO STATES FOR AID TO PERMANENTLY AND TOTALLY DISABLED 1351. Authorization of appropriations. 1352. State plans for aid to permanently and totally disabled. 1353. Payments to States. 1354. Operation of State plans. 1355. Definitions. SUBCHAPTER XV - UNEMPLOYMENT COMPENSATION FOR FEDERAL EMPLOYEES 1361 to 1371. Repeal