§2434. Extension of nondiscriminatory treatment
(a) Presidential proclamation
Subject to the provisions of section 2435(c) of this title, the President may by proclamation extend nondiscriminatory treatment to the products of a foreign country which has entered into a bilateral commercial agreement referred to in section 2435 of this title.
(b) Limitation on period of effectiveness
The application of nondiscriminatory treatment shall be limited to the period of effectiveness of the obligations of the United States to such country under such bilateral commercial agreement. In addition, in the case of any foreign country receiving nondiscriminatory treatment pursuant to this subchapter which has entered into an agreement with the United States regarding the settlement of lendlease reciprocal aid and claims, the application of such nondiscriminatory treatment shall be limited to periods during which such country is not in arrears on its obligations under such agreement.
(c) Suspension or withdrawal of extensions of nondiscriminatory treatment
The President may at any time suspend or withdraw any extension of nondiscriminatory treatment to any country pursuant to subsection (a) of this section and thereby cause all products of such country to be dutiable at the rates set forth in rate column numbered 2 of the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States.
(
References in Text
The Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States, referred to in subsec. (c), is not set out in the Code. See Publication of Harmonized Tariff Schedule note set out under section 1202 of this title.
Amendments
1988-Subsec. (c).
1979-Subsec. (c).
Effective Date of 1988 Amendment
Amendment by
Effective Date of 1979 Amendment
Amendment by
Extension of Nondiscriminatory Treatment (Normal Trade Relations Treatment) to the Products of Mongolia
"(a)
"(1) has received normal trade relations treatment since 1991 and has been found to be in full compliance with the freedom of emigration requirements under title IV of the Trade Act of 1974 [19 U.S.C. 2431 et seq.];
"(2) has emerged from nearly 70 years of communism and dependence on the former Soviet Union, approving a new constitution in 1992 which has established a modern parliamentary democracy charged with guaranteeing fundamental human rights, freedom of expression, and an independent judiciary;
"(3) has held four national elections under the new constitution, two presidential and two parliamentary, thereby solidifying the nation's transition to democracy;
"(4) has undertaken significant market-based economic reforms, including privatization, the reduction of government subsidies, the elimination of most price controls and virtually all import tariffs, and the closing of insolvent banks;
"(5) has concluded a bilateral trade treaty with the United States in 1991, and a bilateral investment treaty in 1994;
"(6) has acceded to the Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization, and extension of unconditional normal trade relations treatment to the products of Mongolia would enable the United States to avail itself of all rights under the World Trade Organization with respect to Mongolia; and
"(7) has demonstrated a strong desire to build friendly relationships and to cooperate fully with the United States on trade matters.
"(b)
"(1)
"(A) determine that such title should no longer apply to Mongolia; and
"(B) after making a determination under subparagraph (A) with respect to Mongolia, proclaim the extension of nondiscriminatory treatment (normal trade relations treatment) to the products of that country.
"(2)
Congressional Findings and Authorization of Extension of Most-Favored-Nation Treatment to Products of Romania
"SECTION 1. FINDINGS.
"The Congress finds that-
"(1) Romania emerged from years of brutal Communist dictatorship in 1989 and approved a new Constitution and elected a Parliament by 1991, laying the foundation for a modern parliamentary democracy charged with guaranteeing fundamental human rights, freedom of expression, and respect for private property;
"(2) local elections, parliamentary elections, and presidential elections have been held in Romania, and 1996 will mark the second nationwide presidential elections under the new Constitution;
"(3) Romania has undertaken significant economic reforms, including the establishment of a two-tier banking system, the introduction of a modern tax system, the freeing of most prices and elimination of most subsidies, the adoption of a tariff-based trade regime, and the rapid privatization of industry and nearly all agriculture;
"(4) Romania concluded a bilateral investment treaty with the United States in 1993, and both United States investment in Romania and bilateral trade are increasing rapidly;
"(5) Romania has received most-favored-nation treatment since 1993, and has been found by the President to be in full compliance with the freedom of emigration requirements under title IV of the Trade Act of 1974 [19 U.S.C. 2431 et seq.];
"(6) Romania is a member of the World Trade Organization and extension of unconditional most-favored-nation treatment to the products of Romania would enable the United States to avail itself of all rights under the World Trade Organization with respect to Romania; and
"(7) Romania has demonstrated a strong desire to build friendly relationships and to cooperate fully with the United States on trade matters.
"SEC. 2. TERMINATION OF APPLICATION OF TITLE IV OF THE TRADE ACT OF 1974 TO ROMANIA.
"(a)
"(1) determine that such title should no longer apply to Romania; and
"(2) after making a determination under paragraph (1), proclaim the extension of nondiscriminatory treatment (most-favored-nation treatment) to the products of that country.
"(b)
Congressional Findings and Authorization of Extension of Most-Favored-Nation Treatment to Products of Bulgaria
"SECTION 1. CONGRESSIONAL FINDINGS AND SUPPLEMENTAL ACTION.
"(a)
"(1) has received most-favored-nation treatment since 1991 and has been found to be in full compliance with the freedom of emigration requirements under title IV of the Trade Act of 1974 [19 U.S.C. 2431 et seq.] since 1993;
"(2) has reversed many years of Communist dictatorship and instituted a constitutional republic ruled by a democratically elected government as well as basic market-oriented reforms, including privatization;
"(3) is in the process of acceding to the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) and the World Trade Organization (WTO), and extension of unconditional most-favored-nation treatment would enable the United States to avail itself of all rights under the GATT and the WTO with respect to Bulgaria; and
"(4) has demonstrated a strong desire to build friendly relationships and to cooperate fully with the United States on trade matters.
"(b)
"SEC. 2. TERMINATION OF APPLICATION OF TITLE IV OF THE TRADE ACT OF 1974 TO BULGARIA.
"(a)
"(1) determine that such title should no longer apply to Bulgaria; and
"(2) after making a determination under paragraph (1) with respect to Bulgaria, proclaim the extension of nondiscriminatory treatment (most-favored-nation treatment) to the products of that country.
"(b)
Extension of Nondiscriminatory Treatment to Products of Romania
Withdrawal of Most Favored Nation Status From Serbia and Montenegro
"(a)
"(b)
"(1) are the product of Serbia or Montenegro; and
"(2) are entered into the customs territory of the United States on or after the 15th day after the date of the enactment of this Act [Oct. 16, 1992].
"(c)
"(1) has ceased its armed conflict with the other ethnic peoples of the region formerly comprising the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia;
"(2) has agreed to respect the borders of the 6 republics that comprised the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia under the 1974 Yugoslav Constitution; and
"(3) has ceased all support of Serbian forces inside Bosnia-Hercegovina."
Extension of Nondiscriminatory Treatment to Products of Republic of Albania
Extension of Nondiscriminatory Treatment to Products of Union of Soviet Socialist Republics
Congressional Findings, Preparatory Presidential Action, and Authorization of Extension of Most-Favored-Nation Treatment to Czechoslovakia and Hungary
"SECTION 1. CONGRESSIONAL FINDINGS AND PREPARATORY PRESIDENTIAL ACTION.
"(a)
"(1) dedicated themselves to respect for fundamental human rights;
"(2) accorded to their citizens the right to emigrate and to travel freely;
"(3) reversed over 40 years of communist dictatorship and embraced the establishment of political pluralism, free and fair elections, and multi-party political systems;
"(4) introduced far-reaching economic reforms based on market-oriented principles and have decentralized economic decisionmaking; and
"(5) demonstrated a strong desire to build friendly relationships with the United States.
"(b)
"(1) preserve the commitments of that country under the bilateral commercial agreement in effect between that country and the United States that are consistent with the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade; and
"(2) obtain other appropriate commitments.
"SEC. 2. TERMINATION OF APPLICATION OF TITLE IV OF THE TRADE ACT OF 1974 TO CZECHOSLOVAKIA AND HUNGARY.
"(a)
"(1) determine that such title should no longer apply to the Czech and Slovak Federal Republic or to the Republic of Hungary, or to both; and
"(2) after making a determination under paragraph (1) with respect to a country, proclaim the extension of nondiscriminatory treatment (most-favored-nation treatment) to the products of that country.
"(b)
Extension of Nondiscriminatory Treatment to Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania
"SEC. 101. CONGRESSIONAL FINDINGS.
"The Congress finds the following:
"(1) The Government of the United States extended full diplomatic recognition to Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania in 1922.
"(2) The Government of the United States entered into agreements extending most-favored-nation treatment with the Government of Estonia on August 1, 1925, the Government of Latvia on April 30, 1926, and the Government of Lithuania on July 10, 1926.
"(3) The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics incorporated Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania involuntarily into the Union as a result of a secret protocol to a German-Soviet agreement in 1939 which assigned those three states to the Soviet sphere of influence; and the Government of the United States has at no time recognized the forcible incorporation of those states into the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics.
"(4) The Trade Agreements Extension Act of 1951 [see Short Title of 1951 Amendment note set out under section 1654 of this title] required the President to suspend, withdraw, or prevent the application of trade benefits, including most-favored-nation treatment, to countries under the domination or control of the world Communist movement.
"(5) In 1951, responsible representatives of Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania stated that they did not object to the imposition of 'such controls as the Government of the United States may consider to be appropriate' to the products of those countries, for such time as those countries remained under Soviet domination or control.
"(6) In 1990, the democratically elected governments of Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania declared the restoration of their independence from the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics.
"(7) The Government of the United States established diplomatic relations with Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania on September 2, 1991, and on September 6, 1991, the State Council of the transitional government of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics recognized the independence of Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania, thereby ending the involuntary incorporation of those countries into, and the domination of those countries by, the Soviet Union.
"(8) Immediate action should be taken to remove the impediments, imposed in response to the circumstances referred to in paragraph (5), in United States trade laws to the extension of nondiscriminatory treatment (most-favored-nation treatment) to the products of those countries.
"(9) As a consequence of establishment of United States diplomatic relations with Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania, these independent countries are eligible to receive the benefits of the Generalized System of Preferences provided for in title V of the Trade Act of 1974 [19 U.S.C. 2461 et seq.].
"SEC. 102. EXTENSION OF NONDISCRIMINATORY TREATMENT TO THE PRODUCTS OF ESTONIA, LATVIA, AND LITHUANIA.
"(a)
"(b)
"(c)
"SEC. 103. TERMINATION OF APPLICATION OF TITLE IV OF THE TRADE ACT OF 1974 TO THE BALTICS.
"Title IV of the Trade Act of 1974 (19 U.S.C. 2431 et seq.) shall cease to apply to Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania effective as of the 15th day after the date of the enactment of this Act [Dec. 4, 1991].
"SEC. 104. SENSE OF THE CONGRESS REGARDING PROMPT PROVISION OF GSP TREATMENT TO THE PRODUCTS OF ESTONIA, LATVIA, AND LITHUANIA.
"It is the sense of the Congress that the President should take prompt action under title V of the Trade Act of 1974 [19 U.S.C. 2461 et seq.] to provide preferential tariff treatment to the products of Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania pursuant to the Generalized System of Preferences."
Approval of Nondiscriminatory Treatment With Respect to Products of People's Republic of Bulgaria
Approval of Nondiscriminatory Treatment With Respect to Products of Mongolian People's Republic
Approval of Nondiscriminatory Treatment With Respect to Products of Czechoslovakia
Authority of President To Deny Nondiscriminatory Trade Treatment to Products of Afghanistan or To Deny Credits, etc., to Afghanistan
Proc. No. 4369. Agreement With Socialist Republic of Romania
Proc. No. 4369, Apr. 24, 1975, 40 F.R. 18389, provided:
Pursuant to the authority vested in me by the United States Constitution, I, as President of the United States of America, acting through duly empowered representatives, entered into negotiation with duly empowered representatives of the Socialist Republic of Romania looking toward the conclusion of an agreement governing trade relations between the United States of America and the Socialist Republic of Romania;
The aforesaid negotiations were conducted in accordance with the requirements of the Trade Act of 1974 (
An "Agreement on Trade Relations between the United States of America and the Socialist Republic of Romania," including the annexes thereto, in the English and Romanian languages, was signed on April 2, 1975, by duly empowered representatives of the Governments of the United States of America and the Socialist Republic of Romania, respectively, and is hereto annexed [not set out in the Code];
The said Agreement is in conformity with the requirements relating to bilateral commercial agreements as specified in section 405(b) of the Trade Act of 1974 (
It is provided in Article XII of the said Agreement that it shall enter into force on the date of exchange of written notices of acceptance by the Governments of the United States of America and the Socialist Republic of Romania; and
It is provided in section 405(c) of the Trade Act of 1974 (
NOW, THEREFORE, I, GERALD R. FORD, President of the United States of America, acting under the authority vested in me by the Constitution and the statutes, including section 404(a) of the Trade Act of 1974 [subsec. (a) of this section], do hereby proclaim as follows:
(1) This Proclamation shall become effective and said agreement shall enter into force according to its terms, and nondiscriminatory treatment shall be extended to the products of the Socialist Republic of Romania in accordance with the terms of the said Agreement, on the date of exchange of written notices of acceptance in accordance with Article XII of the said Agreement, all of the foregoing to follow the adoption by the House of Representatives and the Senate, in accordance with the procedures set forth in section 151 of the said Act [section 2191 of this title], of a concurrent resolution of approval of the extension of nondiscriminatory treatment to the products of the Socialist Republic of Romania, to the end that the same and every part of the said Agreement may be observed and fulfilled with good faith by the United States of America and the citizens thereof and all other persons subject to the jurisdiction thereof as of the date of its entry into force; and
(2) General Headnote 3(e) of the Tariff Schedules of the United States [section 1202 of this title] is amended by deleting therefrom "Rumania" as of the effective date of this proclamation and a notice thereof shall be published in the Federal Register promptly thereafter.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have hereunto set my hand this twenty-fourth day of April, in the year of our Lord one thousand nine hundred seventy-five, and of the Independence of the United States of America the one hundred ninety-ninth.
Gerald R. Ford.
Approval of Nondiscriminatory Treatment With Respect to Products of Socialist Republic of Romania
S. Con. Res. 35, July 28, 1975,
Finding for Renewal of Trade Agreement With Romania
Determination of the President of the United States, No. 90–28, July 3, 1990, 55 F.R. 27797, provided:
Pursuant to my authority under subsection 405(b)(1) of the Trade Act of 1974 (19 U.S.C. 2435(b)(1)), I have determined that actual or foreseeable reductions in United States tariffs and nontariff trade barriers resulting from multilateral negotiations are satisfactorily reciprocated by Romania. I have further found that a satisfactory balance of concessions in trade and services has been maintained during the life of the Agreement on Trade Relations between the United States of America and Romania.
These determinations and findings shall be published in the Federal Register.
George Bush.
Prior findings and determinations for Romania were contained in the following:
Determination of the President of the United States, No. 87–16, June 24, 1987, 52 F.R. 23931.
Determination of the President of the United States, No. 84–10, May 31, 1984.
Determination of the President of the United States, No. 81–9, June 2, 1981.
Proc. No. 4560. Agreement With Hungarian People's Republic
Proc. No. 4560, Apr. 7, 1978, 43 F.R. 15125, provided:
As President of the United States of America, acting through my representatives, I entered into the negotiation of an agreement on trade relations between the United States of America and the Hungarian People's Republic with representatives of the Hungarian People's Republic;
The negotiations were conducted in accordance with the requirements of the Trade Act of 1974 (
An "Agreement on Trade Relations between the United States of America and the Hungarian People's Republic," in English and Hungarian, was signed on March 17, 1978, by representatives of the two Governments, and is annexed to this Proclamation [not set out in the Code];
The Agreement conforms to the requirements relating to bilateral commercial agreements specified in Section 405(b) of the Act [section 2435(b) of this title];
Article XI of the Agreement provides that it shall enter into force on the date of exchange of written notices of acceptance by the Governments of the United States of America and the Hungarian People's Republic; and
Section 405(c) of the Act [section 2435(c) of this title] provides that a bilateral commercial agreement and a proclamation implementing such agreement shall take effect only if approved by the Congress;
NOW, THEREFORE, I, JIMMY CARTER, President of the United States of America, proclaim as follows:
(1) This Proclamation shall become effective, said Agreement shall enter into force according to its terms, and nondiscriminatory treatment shall be extended to the products of the Hungarian People's Republic in accordance with the terms of the said Agreement, on the date of exchange of written notices of acceptance in accordance with Article XI of the said Agreement; and
(2) General Headnote 3(e) of the Tariff Schedules of the United States [section 1202 of this title] is amended by deleting therefrom "Hungary" as of the effective date of this proclamation and a notice thereof shall be published in the
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have signed this Proclamation this seventh day of April, in the year of our Lord one thousand nine hundred seventy-eight, and of the Independence of the United States of America the two hundred second.
Jimmy Carter.
Finding for Renewal of Trade Agreement With Hungary
Determination of the President of the United States, No. 90–27, June 22, 1990, 55 F.R. 25945, provided:
Pursuant to my authority under subsection 405(b)(1) of the Trade Act of 1974 (19 U.S.C. 2435(b)(1)), I have determined that actual or foreseeable reductions in U.S. tariffs and non-tariff trade barriers resulting from multilateral negotiations are satisfactorily reciprocated by the Republic of Hungary. I have further found that a satisfactory balance of concessions in trade and services has been maintained during the life of the Agreement on Trade Relations between the United States of America and the Republic of Hungary.
These determinations and findings shall be published in the Federal Register.
George Bush.
Prior findings and determinations for Hungarian People's Republic and Socialist Republic of Romania were contained in the following:
Determination of the President of the United States, No. 87–15, June 23, 1987, 52 F.R. 23785.
Determination of the President of the United States, No. 84–10, May 31, 1984, 49 F.R. 23025.
Determination of the President of the United States, No. 81–9, June 2, 1981, 46 F.R. 29921.
Proc. No. 4697. Agreement With People's Republic of China
Proc. No. 4697, Oct. 23, 1979, 44 F.R. 61161, provided:
As President of the United States of America, acting through my representatives, I entered into the negotiation of an agreement on trade relations between the United States of America and the People's Republic of China with representatives of the People's Republic of China;
The negotiations were conducted in accordance with the requirements of the Trade Act of 1974 (
An "Agreement on Trade Relations between the United States of America and the People's Republic of China", in English and Chinese, was signed on July 7, 1979, by representatives of the two Governments, and is annexed to this Proclamation [not set out in the Code];
The Agreement conforms to the requirements relating to bilateral commercial agreements specified in section 405(b) of the Act [19 U.S.C. 2435(b)];
Article X of the Agreement provides that it shall come into force on the date on which the Contracting Parties have exchanged notifications that each has completed the legal procedures necessary for this purpose; and
Section 405(c) of the Act [19 U.S.C. 2435(c)] provides that a bilateral commercial agreement and a proclamation implementing such agreement shall take effect only if approved by the Congress;
NOW, THEREFORE, I, JIMMY CARTER, President of the United States of America, proclaim as follows:
(1) This Proclamation shall become effective, said Agreement shall enter into force according to its terms, and nondiscriminatory treatment shall be extended to the products of the People's Republic of China in accordance with the terms of the said Agreement, on the date on which the Contracting Parties have exchanged notifications that each has completed the legal procedures necessary for this purpose in accordance with Article X of the said Agreement.
(2) General Headnote 3(e) of the Tariff Schedules of the United States [section 1202 of this title] is amended by deleting therefrom "China (any part of which may be under Communist domination or control)" and "Tibet" as of the effective date of this proclamation and a notice thereof shall be published in the Federal Register promptly thereafter.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have hereunto set my hand this twenty-third day of October, in the year of our Lord nineteen hundred and seventy-nine, and of the Independence of the United States of America the two hundred and fourth.
Jimmy Carter.
Finding for Renewal of Trade Agreement With China
Determination of President of the United States, No. 98–13, Jan. 30, 1998, 63 F.R. 5857, provided:
Pursuant to my authority under subsection 405(b)(1)(B) of the Trade Act of 1974 (19 U.S.C. 2435(b)(1)(B)), I have determined that actual or foreseeable reductions in United States tariffs and nontariff barriers to trade resulting from multilateral negotiations are being satisfactorily reciprocated by the People's Republic of China. I have further found that a satisfactory balance of concessions in trade and services has been maintained during the life of the Agreement on Trade Relations between the United States of America and the People's Republic of China.
You are authorized and directed to publish this determination in the Federal Register.
William J. Clinton.
Prior findings and determinations for the People's Republic of China were contained in the following:
Determination of President of the United States, No. 96–33, June 21, 1996, 61 F.R. 32631.
Determination of President of the United States, No. 92–12, Jan. 31, 1992, 57 F.R. 19077.
Memorandum of the President of the United States, Dec. 19, 1988, 53 F.R. 51217.
Memorandum of the President of the United States, Dec. 23, 1982, 47 F.R. 57653.
Proc. No. 6175. Agreement With Czech and Slovak Federal Republic
Proc. No. 6175, Sept. 6, 1990, 55 F.R. 37643, provided:
1. Pursuant to the authority vested in me by the Constitution and the laws of the United States, as President of the United States of America, I, acting through duly empowered representatives, entered into negotiations with representatives of the Czech and Slovak Federal Republic to conclude an agreement on trade relations between the United States of America and the Czech and Slovak Federal Republic.
2. These negotiations were conducted in accordance with the requirements of the Trade Act of 1974 (
3. As a result of these negotiations, an "Agreement on Trade Relations Between the Government of the United States of America and the Government of the Czechoslovak Federative Republic," including exchanges of letters which form an integral part of the Agreement, the foregoing in English and Czech, was signed on April 12, 1990, by duly empowered representatives of the two Governments and is set forth as an annex to this proclamation [not set out in the Code].
4. This Agreement conforms to the requirements relating to bilateral commercial agreements set forth in section 405(b) of the Trade Act (19 U.S.C. 2435(b)).
5. Article XVIII of the Agreement provides that the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of exchange of written notices of acceptance by the two Governments.
6. Section 405(c) of the Trade Act (19 U.S.C. 2435(c)) provides that a bilateral commercial agreement providing nondiscriminatory treatment to the products of a country heretofore denied such treatment, and a proclamation implementing such agreement, shall take effect only if approved by the Congress under the provisions of that Act [this chapter].
7. Section 604 of the Trade Act (19 U.S.C. 2483) authorizes the President to embody in the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States [see 19 U.S.C. 1202] the substance of the provisions of that Act, of other acts affecting import treatment, and actions taken thereunder.
NOW, THEREFORE, I, GEORGE BUSH, President of the United States of America, acting under the authority vested in me by the Constitution and the laws of the United States, including but not limited to sections 404, 405 and 604 of the Trade Act of 1974, as amended [19 U.S.C. 2434, 2435, 2483], do proclaim that:
(1) This proclamation shall become effective, said Agreement shall enter into force, and nondiscriminatory treatment shall be extended to the products of the Czech and Slovak Federal Republic, in accordance with the terms of said Agreement, on the date of exchange of written notices of acceptance in accordance with Article XVIII of said Agreement. The United States Trade Representative shall publish notice of the effective date in the Federal Register.
(2) Effective with respect to articles entered, or withdrawn from warehouse for consumption, into the customs territory of the United States on or after the date provided in paragraph (1) of this proclamation, general note 3(b) of the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States, enumerating those countries whose products are subject to duty at the rates set forth in rate of duty column 2 of the tariff schedule, is modified by striking out "Czechoslovakia".
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have hereunto set my hand this sixth day of September, in the year of our Lord nineteen hundred and ninety, and of the Independence of the United States of America the two hundred and fifteenth.
George Bush.
Finding Regarding Trade Agreement With Czechoslovakia
Memorandum of the President of the United States, Sept. 6, 1990, 55 F.R. 39259, provided:
Memorandum for the Secretary of State
Pursuant to the authority vested in me under the Trade Act of 1974 (
You are authorized and directed to transmit copies of this determination to appropriate members [sic] of Congress and to publish it in the Federal Register.
George Bush.
Proc. No. 6307. Agreement With Republic of Bulgaria
Proc. No. 6307, June 24, 1991, 56 F.R. 29787, provided:
1. Pursuant to the authority vested in me by the Constitution and the laws of the United States, as President of the United States of America, I, acting through duly empowered representatives, entered into negotiations with representatives of the Republic of Bulgaria to conclude an agreement on trade relations between the United States of America and the Republic of Bulgaria.
2. These negotiations were conducted in accordance with the requirements of the Trade Act of 1974 (
3. As a result of these negotiations, an "Agreement on Trade Relations Between the Government of the United States of America and the Government of the Republic of Bulgaria," including exchanges of letters which form an integral part of the Agreement, the foregoing in English and Bulgarian, was signed on April 22, 1991, by duly empowered representatives of the two Governments and is set forth as an annex to this proclamation [not set out in the Code].
4. This Agreement conforms to the requirements relating to bilateral commercial agreements set forth in section 405(b) of the Trade Act (19 U.S.C. 2435(b)).
5. Article XVII of the Agreement provides that the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of exchange of written notices of acceptance by the two Governments.
6. Section 405(c) of the Trade Act (19 U.S.C. 2435(c)) provides that a bilateral commercial agreement providing nondiscriminatory treatment to the products of a country heretofore denied such treatment, and a proclamation implementing such agreement, shall take effect only if approved by the Congress under the provisions of that Act.
7. Section 604 of the Trade Act (19 U.S.C. 2483) authorizes the President to embody in the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States [see 19 U.S.C. 1202] the substance of the provisions of that Act, of other acts affecting import treatment, and actions taken thereunder.
NOW, THEREFORE, I, GEORGE BUSH, President of the United States of America, acting under the authority vested in me by the Constitution and the laws of the United States, including but not limited to sections 404, 405, and 604 of the Trade Act of 1974, as amended [19 U.S.C. 2434, 2435, 2483], do proclaim that:
(1) This proclamation shall become effective, said Agreement shall enter into force, and nondiscriminatory treatment shall be extended to the products of the Republic of Bulgaria, in accordance with the terms of said Agreement, on the date of exchange of written notices of acceptance in accordance with Article XVII of said Agreement. The United States Trade Representative shall publish notice of the effective date in the Federal Register.
(2) Effective with respect to articles entered, or withdrawn from warehouse for consumption, into the customs territory of the United States on or after the date provided in paragraph (1) of this proclamation, general note 3(b) of the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States, enumerating those countries whose products are subject to duty at the rates set forth in rate of duty column 2 of the tariff schedule, is modified by striking out "Bulgaria".
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have hereunto set my hand this twenty-fourth day of June, in the year of our Lord nineteen hundred and ninety-one, and of the Independence of the United States of America the two hundred and fifteenth.
George Bush.
Finding Regarding Trade Agreement With Bulgaria
Determination of President of the United States, No. 91–43, June 24, 1991, 56 F.R. 31037, provided:
Pursuant to the authority vested in me under the Trade Act of 1974 (
You are authorized and directed to transmit copies of this determination to the appropriate Members of Congress and to publish it in the Federal Register.
George Bush.
Proc. No. 6308. Agreement With Mongolian People's Republic
Proc. No. 6308, June 24, 1991, 56 F.R. 29834, provided:
1. Pursuant to the authority vested in me by the Constitution and the laws of the United States, as President of the United States of America, I, acting through duly empowered representatives, entered into negotiations with representatives of the Mongolian People's Republic to conclude an agreement on trade relations between the United States of America and the Mongolian People's Republic.
2. These negotiations were conducted in accordance with the requirements of the Trade Act of 1974 (
3. As a result of these negotiations, an "Agreement on Trade Relations Between the Government of the United States of America and the Government of the Mongolian People's Republic," including exchanges of letters which form an integral part of the Agreement, the foregoing in English and Mongolian, was signed on January 23, 1991, by duly empowered representatives of the two Governments and is set forth as an annex to this proclamation [not set out in the Code].
4. This Agreement conforms to the requirements relating to bilateral commercial agreements set forth in section 405(b) of the Trade Act (19 U.S.C. 2435(b)).
5. Article XVII of the Agreement provides that the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of exchange of written notices of acceptance by the two Governments.
6. Section 405(c) of the Trade Act (19 U.S.C. 2435(c)) provides that a bilateral commercial agreement providing nondiscriminatory treatment to the products of a country heretofore denied such treatment, and a proclamation implementing such agreement, shall take effect only if approved by the Congress under the provisions of that Act.
7. Section 604 of the Trade Act (19 U.S.C. 2483) authorizes the President to embody in the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States [see 19 U.S.C. 1202] the substance of the provisions of that Act, of other acts affecting import treatment, and actions taken thereunder.
NOW, THEREFORE, I, GEORGE BUSH, President of the United States of America, acting under the authority vested in me by the Constitution and the laws of the United States, including but not limited to sections 404, 405, and 604 of the Trade Act of 1974, as amended [19 U.S.C. 2434, 2435, 2483], do proclaim that:
(1) This proclamation shall become effective, said Agreement shall enter into force, and nondiscriminatory treatment shall be extended to the products of the Mongolian People's Republic, in accordance with the terms of said Agreement, on the date of exchange of written notices of acceptance in accordance with Article XVII of said Agreement. The United States Trade Representative shall publish notice of the effective date in the Federal Register.
(2) Effective with respect to articles entered, or withdrawn from warehouse for consumption, into the customs territory of the United States on or after the date provided in paragraph (1) of this proclamation, general note 3(b) of the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States, enumerating those countries whose products are subject to duty at the rates set forth in rate of duty column 2 of the tariff schedule, is modified by striking out "Mongolia".
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have hereunto set my hand this twenty-fourth day of June, in the year of our Lord nineteen hundred and ninety-one, and of the Independence of the United States of America the two hundred and fifteenth.
George Bush.
Finding Regarding Trade Agreement With Mongolian People's Republic
Determination of President of the United States, No. 91–44, June 24, 1991, 56 F.R. 31039, provided:
Pursuant to the authority vested in me under the Trade Act of 1974 (
You are authorized and directed to transmit copies of this determination to the appropriate Members of Congress and to publish it in the Federal Register.
George Bush.
Proc. No. 6320. Agreement With Union of Soviet Socialist Republics
Proc. No. 6320, Aug. 2, 1991, 56 F.R. 37407, provided:
1. Pursuant to the authority vested in me by the Constitution and the laws of the United States, as President of the United States of America, I, acting through duly empowered representatives, entered into negotiations with representatives of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics to conclude an agreement on trade relations between the United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics.
2. These negotiations were conducted in accordance with the requirements of the Trade Act of 1974 (
3. As a result of these negotiations, an "Agreement on Trade Relations Between the United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics," including annexes and exchanges of letters which form an integral part of the Agreement, the foregoing in English and Russian, was signed on June 1, 1990, by duly empowered representatives of the two Governments and is set forth as an annex to this proclamation [not set out in the Code].
4. This Agreement conforms to the requirements relating to bilateral commercial agreements set forth in section 405(b) of the Trade Act (19 U.S.C. 2435(b)).
5. Article XVII of the Agreement provides that the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of exchange of written notices of acceptance by the two Governments.
6. Section 405(c) of the Trade Act (19 U.S.C. 2435(c)) provides that a bilateral commercial agreement providing nondiscriminatory treatment to the products of a country heretofore denied such treatment, and a proclamation implementing such agreement, shall take effect only if approved by the Congress under the provisions of that Act.
7. Section 604 of the Trade Act (19 U.S.C. 2483) authorizes the President to embody in the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States [see 19 U.S.C. 1202] the substance of the provisions of that Act, of other acts affecting import treatment, and actions taken thereunder.
NOW, THEREFORE, I, GEORGE BUSH, President of the United States of America, acting under the authority vested in me by the Constitution and the laws of the United States, including but not limited to sections 404, 405, and 604 of the Trade Act of 1974, as amended [19 U.S.C. 2434, 2435, 2483], do proclaim that:
(1) This proclamation shall become effective, said Agreement shall enter into force, and nondiscriminatory treatment shall be extended to the products of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, in accordance with the terms of said Agreement, on the date of exchange of written notices of acceptance in accordance with Article XVII of said Agreement. The United States Trade Representative shall publish notice of the effective date in the Federal Register. On such date, and without prejudice to the long-standing U.S. policy of not recognizing the forcible incorporation of Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania into the Soviet Union, nondiscriminatory tariff treatment shall also be extended to the products of Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania.
(2) Effective with respect to articles entered, or withdrawn from warehouse for consumption, into the customs territory of the United States on or after the date provided in paragraph (1) of this proclamation, general note 3(b) to the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States, enumerating those countries whose products are subject to duty at the rates set forth in Rates of Duty Column 2 of the tariff schedule, is modified by striking out "Estonia", "Latvia", "Lithuania", and "Union of Soviet Socialist Republics".
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have hereunto set my hand this second day of August, in the year of our Lord nineteen hundred and ninety-one, and of the Independence of the United States of America the two hundred and sixteenth.
George Bush.
Finding Regarding Trade Agreement With Union of Soviet Socialist Republics
Determination of President of the United States, No. 91–47, Aug. 2, 1991, 56 F.R. 40741, provided:
Pursuant to the authority vested in me under the Trade Act of 1974 (
You are authorized and directed to transmit copies of this determination to the appropriate Members of Congress and to publish it in the Federal Register.
George Bush.
Proc. No. 6352. Agreement With Union of Soviet Socialist Republics
Proc. No. 6352, Oct. 9, 1991, 56 F.R. 51317, provided:
1. Pursuant to the authority vested in me by the Constitution and the laws of the United States, as President of the United States of America, I, acting through duly empowered representatives, entered into negotiations with representatives of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics to conclude an agreement on trade relations between the United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics.
2. These negotiations were conducted in accordance with the requirements of the Trade Act of 1974 (
3. As a result of these negotiations, an "Agreement on Trade Relations Between the United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics," including annexes and exchanges of letters which form an integral part of the Agreement, the foregoing in English and Russian, was signed on June 1, 1990, by duly empowered representatives of the two Governments and is set forth as an annex to this proclamation [not set out in the Code].
4. This Agreement conforms to the requirements relating to bilateral commercial agreements set forth in section 405(b) of the Trade Act (19 U.S.C. 2435(b)).
5. Article XVII of the Agreement provides that the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of exchange of written notices of acceptance by the two Governments.
6. Section 405(c) of the Trade Act (19 U.S.C. 2435(c)) provides that a bilateral commercial agreement providing nondiscriminatory treatment to the products of a country heretofore denied such treatment, and a proclamation implementing such agreement, shall take effect only if approved by the Congress under the provisions of that Act.
7. Section 604 of the Trade Act (19 U.S.C. 2483) authorizes the President to embody in the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States [see 19 U.S.C. 1202] the substance of the provisions of that Act, of other acts affecting import treatment, and actions taken thereunder.
NOW, THEREFORE, I, GEORGE BUSH, President of the United States of America, acting under the authority vested in me by the Constitution and the laws of the United States, including but not limited to sections 404, 405, and 604 of the Trade Act of 1974, as amended [19 U.S.C. 2434, 2435, 2483], do proclaim that:
(1) This proclamation shall become effective, said Agreement shall enter into force, and nondiscriminatory treatment shall be extended to the products of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, in accordance with the terms of said Agreement, on the date of exchange of written notices of acceptance in accordance with Article XVII of said Agreement. The United States Trade Representative shall publish notice of the effective date in the Federal Register.
(2) Effective with respect to articles entered, or withdrawn from warehouse for consumption, into the customs territory of the United States on or after the date provided in paragraph (1) of this proclamation, general note 3(b) to the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States, enumerating those countries whose products are subject to duty at the rates set forth in Rates of Duty Column 2 of the tariff schedule, is modified by striking out "Union of Soviet Socialist Republics".
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have hereunto set my hand this ninth day of October, in the year of our Lord nineteen hundred and ninety-one, and of the Independence of the United States of America the two hundred and sixteenth.
George Bush.
Proc. No. 6419. Extension of Nondiscriminatory Treatment (Most-Favored-Nation Treatment) to Products of Czech and Slovak Federal Republic and Republic of Hungary
Proc. No. 6419, Apr. 10, 1992, 57 F.R. 12865, provided:
Pursuant to section 2 of
NOW, THEREFORE, I, GEORGE BUSH, President of the United States of America, acting under the authority vested in me by the Constitution and the laws of the United States of America, including but not limited to section 2 of
(1) Nondiscriminatory treatment (most-favored-nation treatment) shall be extended to the products of the Czech and Slovak Federal Republic and to the products of the Republic of Hungary.
(2) Any provisions of previous proclamations and Executive orders inconsistent with the provisions of this proclamation are hereby superseded to the extent of such inconsistency.
(3) The extension of nondiscriminatory treatment to the products of the Czech and Slovak Federal Republic and the Republic of Hungary shall be effective on the date of publication of this proclamation in the Federal Register [Apr. 14, 1992].
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have hereunto set my hand this tenth day of April, in the year of our Lord nineteen hundred and ninety-two, and of the Independence of the United States of America the two hundred and sixteenth.
George Bush.
Determination Regarding Application of Title IV of Trade Act of 1974 to Czech and Slovak Federal Republic or to Republic of Hungary
Determination of President of the United States, No. 92–21, Apr. 10, 1992, 57 F.R. 12863, provided:
Pursuant to section 2(a)(1) of
This determination shall be published in the Federal Register.
George Bush.
Proc. No. 6445. Agreement With Republic of Albania
Proc. No. 6445, June 15, 1992, 57 F.R. 26921, provided:
1. Pursuant to the authority vested in me by the Constitution and the laws of the United States, as President of the United States of America, I, acting through duly empowered representatives, entered into negotiations with representatives of Albania to conclude an agreement on trade relations between the United States of America and Albania.
2. These negotiations were conducted in accordance with the requirements of the Trade Act of 1974 (
3. As a result of these negotiations, an "Agreement on Trade Relations Between the United States of America and the Republic of Albania," including exchanges of letters which form an integral part of the Agreement, the foregoing in English and Albanian, was signed on May 14, 1992, by duly empowered representatives of the two Governments and is set forth as an annex to this proclamation [not set out in the Code].
4. This Agreement conforms to the requirements relating to bilateral commercial agreements set forth in section 405(b) of the Trade Act (19 U.S.C. 2435(b)).
5. Article XVII of the Agreement provides that the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of exchange of written notices of acceptance by the two Governments.
6. Section 405(c) of the Trade Act (19 U.S.C. 2435(c)) provides that a bilateral commercial agreement providing nondiscriminatory treatment to the products of a country heretofore denied such treatment, and a proclamation implementing such agreement, shall take effect only if approved by the Congress under the provisions of that Act.
7. Section 604 of the Trade Act (19 U.S.C. 2483) authorizes the President to embody in the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States [see 19 U.S.C. 1202] the substance of the provisions of that Act, of other acts affecting import treatment, and actions taken thereunder.
NOW, THEREFORE, I, GEORGE BUSH, President of the United States of America, acting under the authority vested in me by the Constitution and the laws of the United States, including but not limited to sections 404, 405, and 604 of the Trade Act of 1974, as amended [19 U.S.C. 2434, 2435, 2483], do proclaim that:
(1) This proclamation shall become effective, said Agreement shall enter into force, and nondiscriminatory treatment shall be extended to the products of Albania, in accordance with the terms of said Agreement, on the date of exchange of written notices of acceptance in accordance with Article XVII of said Agreement. The United States Trade Representative shall publish notice of the effective date in the Federal Register.
(2) Effective with respect to articles entered, or withdrawn from warehouse for consumption, into the customs territory of the United States on or after the date provided in paragraph (1) of this proclamation, general note 3(b) of the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States, enumerating those countries whose products are subject to duty at the rates set forth in rate of duty column 2 of the tariff schedule, is modified by striking out "Albania".
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have hereunto set my hand this fifteenth day of June, in the year of our Lord nineteen hundred and ninety-two, and of the Independence of the United States of America the two hundred and sixteenth.
George Bush.
Finding Regarding Trade Agreement With Albania
Determination of President of the United States, No. 92–33, June 15, 1992, 57 F.R. 28583, provided:
Pursuant to the authority vested in me under the Trade Act of 1974 (
You are authorized and directed to transmit copies of this determination to the appropriate Members of Congress and to publish it in the Federal Register.
George Bush.
Finding for Renewal of Trade Agreement With Albania
Determination of President of the United States, No. 96–44, Aug. 27, 1996, 61 F.R. 45859, provided:
Since November 2, 1992, the United States of America and Albania have had in effect a bilateral Agreement on Trade Relations, in relation to which, pursuant to my authority under subsection 405(b)(1) of the Trade Act of 1974 (19 U.S.C. 2435(b)(1)), I reconfirm that a satisfactory balance of concessions in trade and services has been maintained during the life of the Agreement and that actual or foreseeable reductions in United States tariffs and nontariff barriers to trade resulting from multilateral negotiations are, and continuously have been, satisfactorily reciprocated by Albania.
You are authorized and directed to publish this memorandum in the Federal Register.
William J. Clinton.
Proc. No. 6449. Agreement With Republic of Romania
Proc. No. 6449, June 22, 1992, 57 F.R. 28033, provided:
1. Pursuant to the authority vested in me by the Constitution and the laws of the United States, as President of the United States of America, I, acting through duly empowered representatives, entered into negotiations with representatives of Romania to conclude an agreement on trade relations between the United States of America and Romania.
2. These negotiations were conducted in accordance with the requirements of the Trade Act of 1974 (
3. As a result of these negotiations, an "Agreement on Trade Relations Between the Government of the United States of America and the Government of Romania," including exchanges of letters which form an integral part of the Agreement, the foregoing in English and Romanian, was signed on April 3, 1992, by duly empowered representatives of the two Governments and is set forth as an annex to this proclamation [not set out in the Code].
4. This Agreement conforms to the requirements relating to bilateral commercial agreements set forth in section 405(b) of the Trade Act (19 U.S.C. 2435(b)).
5. Article XVI of the Agreement provides that the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of exchange of written notices of acceptance by the two Governments.
6. Section 405(c) of the Trade Act (19 U.S.C. 2435(c)) provides that a bilateral commercial agreement providing nondiscriminatory treatment to the products of a country heretofore denied such treatment, and a proclamation implementing such agreement, shall take effect only if approved by the Congress under the provisions of that Act.
7. Section 604 of the Trade Act (19 U.S.C. 2483) authorizes the President to embody in the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States [see 19 U.S.C. 1202] the substance of the provisions of that Act, of other acts affecting import treatment, and actions taken thereunder.
NOW, THEREFORE, I, GEORGE BUSH, President of the United States of America, acting under the authority vested in me by the Constitution and the laws of the United States, including but not limited to sections 404, 405, and 604 of the Trade Act of 1974, as amended [19 U.S.C. 2434, 2435, 2483], do proclaim that:
(1) This proclamation shall become effective, said Agreement shall enter into force, and nondiscriminatory treatment shall be extended to the products of Romania, in accordance with the terms of said Agreement, on the date of exchange of written notices of acceptance in accordance with Article XVI of said Agreement. The United States Trade Representative shall publish notice of the effective date in the Federal Register.
(2) Effective with respect to articles entered, or withdrawn from warehouse for consumption, into the customs territory of the United States on or after the date provided in paragraph (1) of this proclamation, general note 3(b) of the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States, enumerating those countries whose products are subject to duty at the rates set forth in rate of duty column 2 of the tariff schedule, is modified by striking out "Romania".
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have hereunto set my hand this twenty-second day of June, in the year of our Lord nineteen hundred and ninety-two, and of the Independence of the United States of America the two hundred and sixteenth.
George Bush.
Proc. No. 6577. Agreement With Republic of Romania
Proc. No. 6577, July 2, 1993, 58 F.R. 36301, provided:
1. By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and the laws of the United States of America, I, acting through duly empowered representatives, entered into negotiations with representatives of Romania to conclude an agreement on trade relations between the United States of America and Romania.
2. These negotiations were conducted in accordance with the requirements of the Trade Act of 1974,
3. As a result of these negotiations, an "Agreement on Trade Relations Between the Government of the United States of America and the Government of Romania" ("Agreement"), including exchanges of letters which form an integral part of the Agreement, the foregoing in English and Romanian, was signed on April 3, 1992, by duly empowered representatives of the two Governments and is set forth as an annex to this proclamation [not set out in the Code].
4. This Agreement conforms to the requirements relating to bilateral commercial agreements set forth in section 405(b) of the Trade Act (19 U.S.C. 2435(b)).
5. Article XVI of the Agreement provides that the Agreement shall enter into force on the date of exchange of written notices of acceptance by the two Governments.
6. Section 405(c) of the Trade Act (19 U.S.C. 2435(c)) provides that a bilateral commercial agreement providing nondiscriminatory treatment to the products of a country heretofore denied such treatment, and a proclamation implementing such agreement, shall take effect only if approved by the Congress under the provisions of that Act.
7. Section 604 of the Trade Act (19 U.S.C. 2483) authorizes the President to embody in the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States [see 19 U.S.C. 1202] the substance of the provisions of that Act, of other acts affecting import treatment, and actions taken thereunder.
NOW, THEREFORE, I, WILLIAM J. CLINTON, President of the United States of America, acting under the authority vested in me by the Constitution and the laws of the United States, including but not limited to sections 404, 405, and 604 of the Trade Act (19 U.S.C. 2434, 2435, and 2483), do proclaim that:
(1) This proclamation shall become effective, said Agreement shall enter into force, and nondiscriminatory treatment shall be extended to the products of Romania, in accordance with the terms of said Agreement, on the date of exchange of written notices of acceptance in accordance with Article XVI of said Agreement. The United States Trade Representative shall publish notice of the effective date in the Federal Register.
(2) Effective with respect to articles entered, or withdrawn from warehouse for consumption, into the customs territory of the United States on or after the date provided in paragraph (1) of this proclamation, general note 3(b) of the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States, enumerating those countries whose products are subject to duty at the rates set forth in rate of duty column 2 of the tariff schedule, is modified by striking out "Romania".
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have hereunto set my hand this second day of July, in the year of our Lord nineteen hundred and ninety-three, and of the Independence of the United States of America the two hundred and seventeenth.
William J. Clinton.
Finding Regarding Trade Agreement With Romania
Determination of President of the United States, No. 93–30, July 2, 1993, 58 F.R. 43785, provided:
Pursuant to the authority vested in me under the Trade Act of 1974 (
You are authorized and directed to transmit copies of this determination to the appropriate Members of Congress and publish it in the Federal Register.
William J. Clinton.
Prior determination regarding trade agreement with Romania was contained in the following:
Determination of President of the United States, No. 92–34, June 22, 1992, 57 F.R. 30099.
Proc. No. 6922. Extension of Nondiscriminatory Treatment (Most-Favored-Nation Treatment) to Products of Bulgaria
Proc. No. 6922, Sept. 27, 1996, 61 F.R. 51205, provided:
The United States has had in effect a bilateral Agreement on Trade Relations with Bulgaria since 1991, which was last renewed for an additional 3-year term in 1994. Pursuant to my authority under subsection 405(b)(1) of the Trade Act of 1974 (19 U.S.C. 2435(b)(1)), I reconfirm that a satisfactory balance of concessions in trade and services has been maintained during the life of the Agreement and that actual or foreseeable reductions in U.S. tariffs and nontariff barriers to trade resulting from multilateral negotiations are, and continuously have been, satisfactorily reciprocated by Bulgaria.
Moreover, pursuant to section 2 of
NOW, THEREFORE, I, WILLIAM J. CLINTON, President of the United States of America, acting under the authority vested in me by the Constitution and the laws of the United States, including but not limited to section 2 of
(1) Nondiscriminatory treatment (most-favored-nation treatment) shall be extended to the products of Bulgaria, which will no longer be subject to title IV of the Trade Act of 1974.
(2) Any provisions of previous proclamations and Executive orders inconsistent with the provisions of this proclamation are hereby superseded to the extent of such inconsistency.
(3) The extension of nondiscriminatory treatment to the products of Bulgaria shall be effective as of the date of publication of this proclamation in the Federal Register [Oct. 1, 1996].
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have hereunto set my hand this twenty-seventh day of September, in the year of our Lord nineteen hundred and ninety-six, and of the Independence of the United States of America the two hundred and twenty-first.
William J. Clinton.
Proc. No. 6951. Extension of Nondiscriminatory Treatment (Most-Favored-Nation Treatment) to the Products of Romania
Proc. No. 6951, Nov. 7, 1996, 61 F.R. 58129, provided:
Pursuant to section 2 of
NOW, THEREFORE, I, WILLIAM J. CLINTON, President of the United States of America, acting under the authority vested in me by the Constitution and the laws of the United States, including but not limited to section 2 of
(1) Nondiscriminatory treatment (most-favored-nation treatment) shall be extended to the products of Romania, which will no longer be subject to Title IV of the Trade Act of 1974.
(2) Any provisions of previous proclamations and Executive orders inconsistent with the provisions of this proclamation are hereby superseded to the extent of such inconsistency.
(3) The extension of nondiscriminatory treatment to the products of Romania shall be effective as of the date of publication of this proclamation in the Federal Register [Nov. 12, 1996].
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have hereunto set my hand this seventh day of November, in the year of our Lord nineteen hundred and ninety-six, and of the Independence of the United States of America the two hundred and twenty-first.
William J. Clinton.
Finding for Renewal of Trade Agreement With Republic of Belarus
Determination of President of the United States, No. 96–15, Mar. 7, 1996, 61 F.R. 49935, provided:
Pursuant to my authority under subsection 405(b)(1)(B) of the Trade Act of 1974 (19 U.S.C. 2435(b)(1)(B), I have determined that actual or foreseeable reductions in U.S. tariffs and nontariff barriers to trade resulting from multilateral negotiations are satisfactorily reciprocated by the Republic of Belarus.
You are authorized and directed to publish this determination in the Federal Register.
William J. Clinton.
Finding for Renewal of Trade Agreement With Republic of Kazakhstan
Determination of President of the United States, No. 96–16, Mar. 7, 1996, 61 F.R. 49937, provided:
Pursuant to my authority under subsection 405(b)(1)(B) of the Trade Act of 1974 (19 U.S.C. 2435(b)(1)(B)), I have determined that actual or foreseeable reductions in U.S. tariffs and nontariff barriers to trade resulting from multilateral negotiations are satisfactory [sic] reciprocated by the Republic of Kazakhstan.
You are authorized and directed to publish this determination in the Federal Register.
William J. Clinton.
Finding for Renewal of Trade Agreement With Kyrgyzstan
Determination of President of the United States, No. 96–45, Aug. 27, 1996, 61 F.R. 45861, provided:
Since August 21, 1992, the United States of America and Kyrgyzstan have had in effect a bilateral Agreement on Trade Relations, in relation to which, pursuant to my authority under subsection 405(b)(1) of the Trade Act of 1974 (19 U.S.C. 2435(b)(1)), I reconfirm that a satisfactory balance of concessions in trade and services has been maintained during the life of the Agreement and that actual or foreseeable reductions in United States tariffs and nontariff barriers to trade resulting from multilateral negotiations are, and continuously have been, satisfactorily reciprocated by Kyrgyzstan.
You are authorized and directed to publish this memorandum in the Federal Register.
William J. Clinton.
Finding for Renewal of Trade Agreement With Ukraine
Determination of President of the United States, No. 96–46, Aug. 27, 1996, 61 F.R. 45863, provided:
Since June 23, 1992, the United States of America and Ukraine have had in effect a bilateral Agreement on Trade Relations, in relation to which, pursuant to my authority under subsection 405(b)(1) of the Trade Act of 1974 (19 U.S.C. 2435(b)(1)), I reconfirm that a satisfactory balance of concessions in trade and services has been maintained during the life of the Agreement and that actual or foreseeable reductions in United States tariffs and nontariff barriers to trade resulting from multilateral negotiations are, and continuously have been, satisfactorily reciprocated by Ukraine.
You are authorized and directed to publish this memorandum in the Federal Register.
William J. Clinton.
Finding for Renewal of Trade Agreement With Armenia
Determination of President of the United States, No. 96–47, Aug. 27, 1996, 61 F.R. 45865, provided:
Since April 7, 1992, the United States of America and Armenia have had in effect a bilateral Agreement on Trade Relations, in relation to which, pursuant to my authority under subsection 405(b)(1) of the Trade Act of 1974 (19 U.S.C. 2435(b)(1)), I reconfirm that a satisfactory balance of concessions in trade and services has been maintained during the life of the Agreement and that actual or foreseeable reductions in United States tariffs and nontariff barriers to trade resulting from multilateral negotiations are, and continuously have been, satisfactorily reciprocated by Armenia.
You are authorized and directed to publish this memorandum in the Federal Register.
William J. Clinton.
Finding for Renewal of Trade Agreement With Moldova
Determination of President of the United States, No. 96–48, Aug. 27, 1996, 61 F.R. 45867, provided:
Since July 2, 1992, the United States of American and Moldova have had in effect a bilateral Agreement on Trade Relations, in relation to which, pursuant to my authority under subsection 405(b)(1) of the Trade Act of 1974 (19 U.S.C. 2435(b)(1)), I reconfirm that a satisfactory balance of concessions in trade and services has been maintained during the life of the Agreement and that actual or foreseeable reductions in United States tariffs and nontariff barriers to trade resulting from multilateral negotiations are, and continuously have been, satisfactorily reciprocated by Moldova.
You are authorized and directed to publish this memorandum in the Federal Register.
William J. Clinton.
Finding for Renewal of Trade Agreement With Georgia
Determination of President of the United States, No. 96–49, Aug. 27, 1996, 61 F.R. 45869, provided:
Pursuant to my authority under subsection 405(b)(1) of the Trade Act of 1974 (19 U.S.C. 2435(b)(1)), I have determined that actual or foreseeable reductions in United States tariffs and nontariff barriers to trade resulting from multilateral negotiations are satisfactorily reciprocated by Georgia. I have further found that a satisfactory balance of concessions in trade and services has been maintained during the life of the Agreement on Trade Relations between the United States of America and Georgia.
You are authorized and directed to publish this memorandum in the Federal Register.
William J. Clinton.
Finding Regarding Trade Agreement With Turkmenistan
Determination of President of the United States, No. 97–5, Nov. 20, 1996, 61 F.R. 59303, provided:
Pursuant to my authority under subsection 405(b)(1) of the Trade Act of 1974 (19 U.S.C. 2435(b)(1)), I have determined that actual or foreseeable reductions in United States tariffs and nontariff barriers to trade resulting from multilateral negotiations are satisfactorily reciprocated by Turkmenistan. I have further found that a satisfactory balance of concessions in trade and services has been maintained during the life of the Agreement on Trade Relations between the United States of America and Turkmenistan.
You are authorized and directed to publish this memorandum in the Federal Register.
William J. Clinton.
Finding Regarding Trade Agreement With Uzbekistan
Determination of President of the United States, No. 97–6, Nov. 26, 1996, 61 F.R. 63693, provided:
Pursuant to my authority under subsection 405(b)(1) of the Trade Act of 1974 (19 U.S.C. 2435(b)(1)), I have determined that actual or foreseeable reductions in United States tariffs and nontariff barriers to trade resulting from multilateral negotiations are satisfactorily reciprocated by Uzbekistan. I have further found that a satisfactory balance of concessions in trade and services has been maintained during the life of the Agreement on Trade Relations between the United States of America and the Republic of Uzbekistan.
You are authorized and directed to publish this memorandum in the Federal Register.
William J. Clinton.
Finding Regarding Trade Agreement With Tajikistan
Determination of President of the United States, No. 97–7, Nov. 26, 1996, 61 F.R. 63695, provided:
Pursuant to my authority under subsection 405(b)(1) of the Trade Act of 1974 (19 U.S.C. 2435(b)(1)), I have determined that actual or foreseeable reductions in United States tariffs and nontariff barriers to trade resulting from multilateral negotiations are satisfactorily reciprocated by Tajikistan. I have further found that a satisfactory balance of concessions in trade and services has been maintained during the life of the Agreement on Trade Relations between the United States of America and the Republic of Tajikistan.
You are authorized and directed to publish this memorandum in the Federal Register.
William J. Clinton.
Proc. No. 7207. To Extend Nondiscriminatory Treatment (Normal Trade Relations Treatment) to Products of Mongolia and To Implement an Agreement To Eliminate Tariffs on Certain Pharmaceuticals and Chemical Intermediates
Proc. No. 7207, July 1, 1999, 64 F.R. 36549, provided:
1. The United States has had in effect a bilateral Agreement on Trade Relations with Mongolia since 1991 and has provided normal trade relations treatment to the products of Mongolia since that time. I have found Mongolia to be in full compliance with the freedom of emigration requirements of title IV of the Trade Act of 1974 (the "Trade Act") (19 U.S.C. 2432).
2. Pursuant to section 2424(b)(1) of
3. On November 13, 1998, members of the World Trade Organization (WTO), including the United States and 21 other major trading countries, announced in the WTO an agreement to eliminate tariffs on certain pharmaceuticals and chemical intermediates that were the subject of reciprocal duty elimination negotiations during the Uruguay Round of Multilateral Trade Negotiations (the "Uruguay Round"). A similar agreement between the United States and 16 other major trading countries eliminating tariffs on enumerated pharmaceuticals and chemical intermediates was implemented for the United States on April 1, 1997, by Proclamation 6982 [not classified to the Code], adding such goods to the scope of the agreement on pharmaceutical products reached at the conclusion of the Uruguay Round and reflected in Schedule XX–United States of America, annexed to the Marrakesh Protocol to the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (1994) (Schedule XX).
4. Section 111(b) of the Uruguay Round Agreements Act (URAA) (19 U.S.C. 3521(b)) authorizes the President to proclaim the modification of any duty or staged rate reduction of any duty set forth in Schedule XX for products that were the subject of reciprocal duty elimination negotiations during the Uruguay Round, if the United States agrees to such action in a multilateral negotiation under the auspices of the WTO, and after compliance with the consultation and layover requirements of section 115 of the URAA (19 U.S.C. 3524). Section 111(b) also authorizes the President to proclaim such modifications as are necessary to reflect such duty treatment in Schedule XX by means of rectifications thereof.
5. On April 29, 1999, pursuant to section 115 of the URAA, the United States Trade Representative (USTR) submitted a report to the Committee on Ways and Means of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Finance of the Senate ("the Committees") that sets forth the proposed tariff eliminations, together with the advice received from the appropriate private sector advisory committee and the United States International Trade Commission regarding the proposed tariff eliminations. During the 60-day period thereafter, the USTR consulted with the Committees on the proposed actions.
6. Section 604 of the Trade Act, as amended (19 U.S.C. 2483), authorizes the President to embody in the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States (HTS) [see 19 U.S.C. 1202] the substance of the relevant provisions of that Act, and of other acts affecting import treatment, and actions thereunder, including the removal, modification, continuance, or imposition of any rate of duty or other import restriction.
7. Pursuant to section 111(b) of the URAA, I have determined that Schedule XX should be modified to reflect the implementation by the United States of the multilateral agreement on certain pharmaceuticals and chemical intermediates negotiated under the auspices of the WTO. In addition, I have determined that the pharmaceuticals appendix to the HTS should be modified to reflect the duty eliminations provided in such agreement, and to make certain minor technical corrections in the identification of particular products in order to ensure that products are accorded the intended duty treatment.
NOW, THEREFORE, I, WILLIAM J. CLINTON, President of the United States of America, acting under the authority vested in me by the Constitution and the laws of the United States, including but not limited to section 2424(b)(2) of
(1) Nondiscriminatory treatment (normal trade relations treatment) shall be extended to the products of Mongolia, which shall no longer be subject to title IV of the Trade Act.
(2) The extension of nondiscriminatory treatment to the products of Mongolia shall be effective as of the date of signature of this proclamation.
(3) In order to implement the multilateral agreement negotiated under the auspices of the WTO to eliminate tariffs on certain pharmaceutical products and chemical intermediates, and to make technical corrections in the tariff treatment accorded to such products, the HTS is modified as set forth in the Annex to this proclamation.
(4) Such modifications to the HTS shall be effective with respect to articles entered, or withdrawn from warehouse for consumption, on or after the dates set forth in the Annex for the respective actions taken.
(5) Any provisions of previous proclamations and Executive orders that are inconsistent with the actions taken in this proclamation are superseded to the extent of such inconsistency.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have hereunto set my hand this first day of July, in the year of our Lord nineteen hundred and ninety-nine, and of the Independence of the United States of America the two hundred and twenty-third.
William J. Clinton.
Annex
The Annex of Proclamation 7207, which amended the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States, is not set out under this section because the Harmonized Tariff Schedule is not set out in the Code. See Publication of Harmonized Tariff Schedule note set out under section 1202 of this title.
Section Referred to in Other Sections
This section is referred to in sections 2435, 2437 of this title.