Rule 64. Seizure of Person or Property

At the commencement of and during the course of an action, all remedies providing for seizure of person or property for the purpose of securing satisfaction of the judgment ultimately to be entered in the action are available under the circumstances and in the manner provided by the law of the state in which the district court is held, existing at the time the remedy is sought, subject to the following qualifications: (1) any existing statute of the United States governs to the extent to which it is applicable; (2) the action in which any of the foregoing remedies is used shall be commenced and prosecuted or, if removed from a state court, shall be prosecuted after removal, pursuant to these rules. The remedies thus available include arrest, attachment, garnishment, replevin, sequestration, and other corresponding or equivalent remedies, however designated and regardless of whether by state procedure the remedy is ancillary to an action or must be obtained by an independent action.

Notes of Advisory Committee on Rules-1937

This rule adopts the existing Federal law, except that it specifies the applicable State law to be that of the time when the remedy is sought. Under U.S.C., Title 28, [former] §726 (Attachments as provided by State laws) the plaintiff was entitled to remedies by attachment or other process which were on June 1, 1872, provided by the applicable State law, and the district courts might, from time to time, by general rules, adopt such State laws as might be in force. This statute is superseded as are district court rules which are rendered unnecessary by the rule.

Lis pendens. No rule concerning lis pendens is stated, for this would appear to be a matter of substantive law affecting State laws of property. It has been held that in the absence of a State statute expressly providing for the recordation of notice of the pendency of Federal actions, the commencement of a Federal action is notice to all persons affected. King v. Davis, 137 Fed. 198 (W.D.Va., 1903). It has been held, however, that when a State statute does so provide expressly, its provisions are binding. United States v. Calcasieu Timber Co., 236 Fed. 196 (C.C.A.5th, 1916).

For statutes of the United States on attachment, see e.g.:

U.S.C., Title 28:

 §737 [now 2710] (Attachment in postal suits)

 §738 [now 2711] (Attachment; application for warrant)

 §739 [now 2712] (Attachment; issue of warrant)

 §740 [now 2713] (Attachment; trial of ownership of property)

 §741 [now 2714] (Attachment; investment of proceeds of attached property)

 §742 [now 2715] (Attachment; publication of attachment)

 §743 [now 2716] (Attachment; personal notice of attachment)

 §744 [now 2717] (Attachment; discharge; bond)

 §745 [former] (Attachment; accrued rights not affected)

 §746 (Attachments dissolved in conformity with State laws)

For statutes of the United States on garnishment, see e.g.:

U.S.C., Title 28:

 §748 [now 2405] (Garnishees in suits by United States against a corporation)

 §749 [now 2405] (Same; issue tendered on denial of indebtedness)

 §750 [now 2405] (Same; garnishee failing to appear)

For statutes of the United States on arrest, see e.g.:

U.S.C., Title 28:

 §376 [now 1651] (Writs of ne exeat)

 §755 [former] (Special bail in suits for duties and penalties)

 §756 [former] (Defendant giving bail in one district and committed in another)

 §757 [former] (Defendant giving bail in one district and committed in another; defendant held until judgment in first suit)

 §758 [former] (Bail and affidavits; taking by commissioners)

 §759 [former] (Calling of bail in Kentucky)

 §760 [former] (Clerks may take bail de bene esse)

 §843 [now 2007] (Imprisonment for debt)

 §844 [now 2007] (Imprisonment for debt; discharge according to State laws)

 §845 [now 2007] (Imprisonment for debt; jail limits)

For statutes of the United States on replevin, see, e.g.:

U.S.C., Title 28:

 §747 [now 2463] (Replevy of property taken under revenue laws)

Notes of Advisory Committee on Rules-1946 Supplementary Note

Sections 203 and 204 of the Soldiers' and Sailors' Civil Relief Act of 1940 (50 U.S.C. [App.] §501 et seq. [§§523, 524]) provide under certain circumstances for the issuance and continuance of a stay of the execution of any judgment entered against a person in military service, or the vacation or stay of any attachment or garnishment directed against such person's property, money, or debts in the hands of another. See also Note to Rule 62 herein.

Cross References

Execution, see rule 69.