§405. Travel and transportation allowances: per diem while on duty outside the United States or in Hawaii or Alaska

(a) Without regard to the monetary limitations of this title, the Secretaries concerned may authorize the payment of a per diem, considering all elements of the cost of living to members of the uniformed services under their jurisdiction and their dependents, including the cost of quarters, subsistence, and other necessary incidental expenses, to such a member who is on duty outside of the United States or in Hawaii or Alaska, whether or not he is in a travel status. However, dependents may not be considered in determining the per diem allowance for a member in a travel status.

(b) Housing cost and allowance may be disregarded in prescribing a station cost of living allowance under this section.

( Pub. L. 87–649, Sept. 7, 1962, 76 Stat. 473 ; Pub. L. 89–718, §57, Nov. 2, 1966, 80 Stat. 1123 ; Pub. L. 91–486, Oct. 22, 1970, 84 Stat. 1085 ; Pub. L. 96–107, title VIII, §807(a), Nov. 9, 1979, 93 Stat. 813 ; Pub. L. 98–525, title VI, §602(e), Oct. 19, 1984, 98 Stat. 2536 ; Pub. L. 99–145, title XIII, §1303(b)(8), Nov. 8, 1985, 99 Stat. 741 ; Pub. L. 101–189, div. A, title VI, §622(a), Nov. 29, 1989, 103 Stat. 1446 ; Pub. L. 103–160, div. A, title VI, §622(a), Nov. 30, 1993, 107 Stat. 1683 ; Pub. L. 105–85, div. A, title VI, §603(c)(2), Nov. 18, 1997, 111 Stat. 1781 ; Pub. L. 105–261, div. A, title VI, §603(b), Oct. 17, 1998, 112 Stat. 2037 .)

Historical and Revision Notes

Revised section	Source (U.S. Code)	Source (Statutes at Large)
405	37:253(b).	Oct. 12, 1949, ch. 681, §303(b), 63 Stat. 814 .

The words "Secretaries concerned" are substituted for the words "Secretaries of the uniformed services" to conform to other subsections of the source statute. The words "outside the United States, or in Hawaii or Alaska" are substituted for the words "outside the continental United States or in Alaska" to conform to the definition of United States in section 101(1) of this revised title and to retain the coverage of the source statute.

Amendments

1998-Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 105–261 struck out subsec. (c) which authorized the Secretary concerned to make a lump-sum payment for nonrecurring expenses to certain members of the uniformed services authorized to receive per diem allowances under subsec. (a).

1997-Subsecs. (b) to (d). Pub. L. 105–85 redesignated subsecs. (c) and (d) as (b) and (c), respectively, and struck out former subsec. (b) which read as follows: "A station housing allowance may be prescribed under this section for a member who is on duty outside of the United States without regard to costs other than housing costs and may consist of the difference between basic allowance for quarters and applicable housing cost. A station housing allowance may not be prescribed under this section for a member who is on duty in Hawaii or Alaska. A station housing allowance prescribed under this section may be paid in advance."

1993-Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 103–160 amended subsec. (d) generally. Prior to amendment, subsec. (d) read as follows: "In the case of a member of the uniformed services authorized to receive a per diem allowance under subsection (a), the Secretary concerned may make a lump-sum payment for nonrecurring expenses incurred by the member in occupying private housing outside of the United States. Expenses for which payments are made under this subsection may not be considered for purposes of determining the per diem allowance of the member under subsection (a)."

1989-Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 101–189 added subsec. (d).

1985-Pub. L. 99–145 inserted "the" after "outside" in section catchline.

1984-Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 98–525, §602(e)(1), designated first two sentences of existing section as subsec. (a).

Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 98–525, §602(e)(2), (3), designated third and fourth sentences of existing section as subsec. (b), in such third sentence as so designated inserted "for a member who is on duty outside of the United States" after "under this section", and inserted after such third sentence: "A station housing allowance may not be prescribed under this section for a member who is on duty in Hawaii or Alaska."

Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 98–525, §602(e)(4), designated last sentence of existing section as subsec. (c).

1979-Pub. L. 96–107 inserted provisions relating to advance payment of station housing allowances.

1970-Pub. L. 91–486 inserted provision authorizing a station housing allowance.

1966-Pub. L. 89–718 substituted "the" for "a" after "including".

Effective Date of 1997 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 105–85 effective Jan. 1, 1998, see section 603(e) of Pub. L. 105–85, set out as a note under section 5561 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.

Effective Date of 1993 Amendment

Section 622(b) of Pub. L. 103–160 provided that: "The amendment made by subsection (a) [amending this section] shall apply with respect to nonrecurring expenses and currency fluctuation gains described in section 405(d) [now 405(c)] of title 37, United States Code, that are incurred by members of the uniformed services on or after October 1, 1993."

Effective Date of 1989 Amendment

Section 622(b) of Pub. L. 101–189 provided that: "The amendment made by subsection (a) [amending this section] shall apply with respect to expenses incurred after August 31, 1990."

Effective Date of 1984 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 98–525 effective Jan. 1, 1985, with exceptions, see section 602(f) of Pub. L. 98–525, as amended, set out as a note under section 403 of this title.

Effective Date of 1979 Amendment

Section 807(b) of Pub. L. 96–107 provided that: "The amendment made by subsection (a) [amending this section] shall take effect on October 1, 1979."

Cross References

Assimilation of pay and allowances, see section 1003 of this title.

Regulations for administration of section, see section 411 of this title.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in sections 406, 411, 420, 1003 of this title; title 2 section 906; title 5 section 4109; title 10 section 2013; title 36 section 2101.