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15 U.S.C. 3712: Personnel exchangesText contains those laws in effect through Public Law 119-120 (October 7, 2026).
From Title 15-COMMERCE AND TRADECHAPTER 63-TECHNOLOGY INNOVATION
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§3712. Personnel exchanges

The Secretary, the Secretary of Energy, and the Director of the National Science Foundation, jointly, shall establish a program to foster the exchange of scientific and technical personnel among academia, industry, and Federal laboratories. Such program shall include both (1) federally supported exchanges and (2) efforts to stimulate exchanges without Federal funding.

( Pub. L. 96–480, § 20 , formerly § 13, Oct. 21, 1980 , 94 Stat. 2320 ; renumbered § 17, Pub. L. 99–502, § 2 , Oct. 20, 1986 , 100 Stat. 1785 ; renumbered § 16, Pub. L. 99–502, § 9(e)(1) , Oct. 20, 1986 , 100 Stat. 1797 ; renumbered § 17, Pub. L. 100–107, § 3(a) , Aug. 20, 1987 , 101 Stat. 725 ; renumbered § 18, Pub. L. 100–418, title V, § 5122(a)(1) , Aug. 23, 1988 , 102 Stat. 1438 ; renumbered § 20, Pub. L. 102–240, title VI, § 6019 , Dec. 18, 1991 , 105 Stat. 2183 ; Pub. L. 109–58, title X, § 1009(c) , Aug. 8, 2005 , 119 Stat. 936 .)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

2005⁠—Pub. L. 109–58 substituted “, the Secretary of Energy, and the Director of the National Science Foundation” for “and the National Science Foundation”.