(a)  Prohibited Activity.⁠—It shall be unlawful, within the jurisdiction of the United States, without authorization to willfully go upon any property⁠—

(1)  with intent to gather intelligence or information to the detriment of the United States; and

(2)  while knowing that such property is⁠—

(A)  under the jurisdiction of an element of the intelligence community (as defined in section 3(4) of the National Security Act of 1947 (50 U.S.C. 3003(4)); and

(B)  closed or restricted.

(b)  Penalties.⁠—Any person who violates subsection (a) shall⁠—

(1)  in the case of the first offense, be fined under section 3571 of this title, imprisoned not more than 6 months, or both;

(2)  in the case of a second offense after a prior conviction under subsection (a) has become final, be fined under this title, imprisoned not more than 2 years, or both; and

(3)  in the case of a third or subsequent offense after a prior conviction under subsection (a) has become final, be fined under this title, imprisoned not more than 5 years, or both.