§5112. Denominations, specifications, and design of coins

(a) The Secretary of the Treasury may mint and issue only the following coins:

(1) a dollar coin that is 1.043 inches in diameter.

(2) a half dollar coin that is 1.205 inches in diameter and weighs 11.34 grams.

(3) a quarter dollar coin that is 0.955 inch in diameter and weighs 5.67 grams.

(4) a dime coin that is 0.705 inch in diameter and weighs 2.268 grams.

(5) a 5-cent coin that is 0.835 inch in diameter and weighs 5 grams.

(6) except as provided under subsection (c) of this section, a one-cent coin that is 0.75 inch in diameter and weighs 3.11 grams.

(7) A fifty dollar gold coin that is 32.7 millimeters in diameter, weighs 33.931 grams, and contains one troy ounce of fine gold.

(8) A twenty-five dollar gold coin that is 27.0 millimeters in diameter, weighs 16.966 grams, and contains one-half troy ounce of fine gold.

(9) A ten dollar gold coin that is 22.0 millimeters in diameter, weighs 8.483 grams, and contains one-fourth troy ounce of fine gold.

(10) A five dollar gold coin that is 16.5 millimeters in diameter, weighs 3.393 grams, and contains one-tenth troy ounce of fine gold.

(b) The half dollar, quarter dollar, and dime coins are clad coins with 3 layers of metal. The 2 identical outer layers are an alloy of 75 percent copper and 25 percent nickel. The inner layer is copper. The outer layers are metallurgically bonded to the inner layer and weigh at least 30 percent of the weight of the coin. The dollar coin shall be golden in color, have a distinctive edge, have tactile and visual features that make the denomination of the coin readily discernible, be minted and fabricated in the United States, and have similar metallic, anti-counterfeiting properties as United States coinage in circulation on the date of enactment of the United States $1 Coin Act of 1997. The 5-cent coin is an alloy of 75 percent copper and 25 percent nickel. In minting 5-cent coins, the Secretary shall use bars that vary not more than 2.5 percent from the percent of nickel required. Except as provided under subsection (c) of this section, the one-cent coin is an alloy of 95 percent copper and 5 percent zinc. In minting gold coins, the Secretary shall use alloys that vary not more than 0.1 percent from the percent of gold required. The specifications for alloys are by weight.

(c) The Secretary may prescribe the weight and the composition of copper and zinc in the alloy of the one-cent coin that the Secretary decides are appropriate when the Secretary decides that a different weight and alloy of copper and zinc are necessary to ensure an adequate supply of one-cent coins to meet the needs of the United States.

(d)(1) United States coins shall have the inscription "In God We Trust". The obverse side of each coin shall have the inscription "Liberty". The reverse side of each coin shall have the inscriptions "United States of America" and "E Pluribus Unum" and a designation of the value of the coin. The design on the reverse side of the dollar, half dollar, and quarter dollar is an eagle. The Secretary of the Treasury, in consultation with the Congress, shall select appropriate designs for the obverse and reverse sides of the dollar coin. The coins have an inscription of the year of minting or issuance. However, to prevent or alleviate a shortage of a denomination, the Secretary may inscribe coins of the denomination with the year that was last inscribed on coins of the denomination.

(2) The Secretary shall prepare the devices, models, hubs, and dies for coins, emblems, devices, inscriptions, and designs authorized under this chapter. The Secretary may adopt and prepare new designs or models of emblems or devices that are authorized in the same way as when new coins or devices are authorized. The Secretary may change the design or die of a coin only once within 25 years of the first adoption of the design, model, hub, or die for that coin. The Secretary may procure services under section 3109 of title 5 in carrying out this paragraph.

(e) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the Secretary shall mint and issue, in quantities sufficient to meet public demand, coins which-

(1) are 40.6 millimeters in diameter and weigh 31.103 grams;

(2) contain .999 fine silver;

(3) have a design-

(A) symbolic of Liberty on the obverse side; and

(B) of an eagle on the reverse side;

(4) have inscriptions of the year of minting or issuance, and the words "Liberty", "In God We Trust", "United States of America", "1 Oz. Fine Silver", "E Pluribus Unum", and "One Dollar"; and

(5) have reeded edges.

(f) Silver Coins.-

(1) Sale price.-The Secretary shall sell the coins minted under subsection (e) to the public at a price equal to the market value of the bullion at the time of sale, plus the cost of minting, marketing, and distributing such coins (including labor, materials, dies, use of machinery, and promotional and overhead expenses).

(2) Bulk sales.-The Secretary shall make bulk sales of the coins minted under subsection (e) at a reasonable discount.

(3) Numismatic items.-For purposes of section 5132(a)(1) of this title, all coins minted under subsection (e) shall be considered to be numismatic items.

(g) For purposes of section 5132(a)(1) of this title, all coins minted under subsection (e) of this section shall be considered to be numismatic items.

(h) The coins issued under this title shall be legal tender as provided in section 5103 of this title.

(i)(1) Notwithstanding section 5111(a)(1) of this title, the Secretary shall mint and issue the gold coins described in paragraphs (7), (8), (9), and (10) of subsection (a) of this section, in quantities sufficient to meet public demand, and such gold coins shall-

(A) have a design determined by the Secretary, except that the fifty dollar gold coin shall have-

(i) on the obverse side, a design symbolic of Liberty; and

(ii) on the reverse side, a design representing a family of eagles, with the male carrying an olive branch and flying above a nest containing a female eagle and hatchlings;

(B) have inscriptions of the denomination, the weight of the fine gold content, the year of minting or issuance, and the words "Liberty", "In God We Trust", "United States of America", and "E Pluribus Unum"; and

(C) have reeded edges.

(2)(A) The Secretary shall sell the coins minted under this subsection to the public at a price equal to the market value of the bullion at the time of sale, plus the cost of minting, marketing, and distributing such coins (including labor, materials, dies, use of machinery, and promotional and overhead expenses).

(B) The Secretary shall make bulk sales of the coins minted under this subsection at a reasonable discount.

(3) For purposes of section 5132(a)(1) of this title, all coins minted under this subsection shall be considered to be numismatic items.

(4)(A) Notwithstanding any other provision of law and subject to subparagraph (B), the Secretary of the Treasury may change the diameter, weight, or design of any coin minted under this subsection or the fineness of the gold in the alloy of any such coin if the Secretary determines that the specific diameter, weight, design, or fineness of gold which differs from that otherwise required by law is appropriate for such coin.

(B) The Secretary may not mint any coin with respect to which a determination has been made by the Secretary under subparagraph (A) before the end of the 30-day period beginning on the date a notice of such determination is published in the Federal Register.

(C) The Secretary may continue to mint and issue coins in accordance with the specifications contained in paragraphs (7), (8), (9), and (10) of subsection (a) and paragraph (1)(A) of this subsection at the same time the Secretary in minting and issuing other bullion and proof gold coins under this subsection in accordance with such program procedures and coin specifications, designs, varieties, quantities, denominations, and inscriptions as the Secretary, in the Secretary's discretion, may prescribe from time to time.

(j) General Waiver of Procurement Regulations.-

(1) In general.-Except as provided in paragraph (2), no provision of law governing procurement or public contracts shall be applicable to the procurement of goods or services necessary for minting, marketing, or issuing any coin authorized under paragraph (7), (8), (9), or (10) of subsection (a) or subsection (e), including any proof version of any such coin.

(2) Equal employment opportunity.-Paragraph (1) shall not relieve any person entering into a contract with respect to any coin referred to in such paragraph from complying with any law relating to equal employment opportunity.

(k) The Secretary may mint and issue bullion and proof platinum coins in accordance with such specifications, designs, varieties, quantities, denominations, and inscriptions as the Secretary, in the Secretary's discretion, may prescribe from time to time.

(l) Redesign and Issuance of Quarter Dollar in Commemoration of Each of the 50 States.-

(1) Redesign beginning in 1999.-

(A) In general.-Notwithstanding the fourth sentence of subsection (d)(1) and subsection (d)(2), quarter dollar coins issued during the 10-year period beginning in 1999, shall have designs on the reverse side selected in accordance with this subsection which are emblematic of the 50 States.

(B) Transition provision.-Notwithstanding subparagraph (A), the Secretary may continue to mint and issue quarter dollars in 1999 which bear the design in effect before the redesign required under this subsection and an inscription of the year "1998" as required to ensure a smooth transition into the 10-year program under this subsection.

(C) Flexibility with regard to placement of inscriptions.-Notwithstanding subsection (d)(1), the Secretary may select a design for quarter dollars issued during the 10-year period referred to in subparagraph (A) in which-

(i) the inscription described in the second sentence of subsection (d)(1) appears on the reverse side of any such quarter dollars; and

(ii) any inscription described in the third sentence of subsection (d)(1) or the designation of the value of the coin appears on the obverse side of any such quarter dollars.

(2) Single state designs.-The design on the reverse side of each quarter dollar issued during the 10-year period referred to in paragraph (1) shall be emblematic of 1 of the 50 States.

(3) Issuance of coins commemorating 5 states during each of the 10 years.-

(A) In general.-The designs for the quarter dollar coins issued during each year of the 10-year period referred to in paragraph (1) shall be emblematic of 5 States selected in the order in which such States ratified the Constitution of the United States or were admitted into the Union, as the case may be.

(B) Number of each of 5 coin designs in each year.-Of the quarter dollar coins issued during each year of the 10-year period referred to in paragraph (1), the Secretary of the Treasury shall prescribe, on the basis of such factors as the Secretary determines to be appropriate, the number of quarter dollars which shall be issued with each of the 5 designs selected for such year.

(4) Selection of design.-

(A) In general.-Each of the 50 designs required under this subsection for quarter dollars shall be-

(i) selected by the Secretary after consultation with-

(I) the Governor of the State being commemorated, or such other State officials or group as the State may designate for such purpose; and

(II) the Commission of Fine Arts; and

(ii) reviewed by the Citizens Commemorative Coin Advisory Committee.

(B) Selection and approval process.-Designs for quarter dollars may be submitted in accordance with the design selection and approval process developed by the Secretary in the sole discretion of the Secretary.

(C) Participation.-The Secretary may include participation by State officials, artists from the States, engravers of the United States Mint, and members of the general public.

(D) Standards.-Because it is important that the Nation's coinage and currency bear dignified designs of which the citizens of the United States can be proud, the Secretary shall not select any frivolous or inappropriate design for any quarter dollar minted under this subsection.

(E) Prohibition on certain representations.-No head and shoulders portrait or bust of any person, living or dead, and no portrait of a living person may be included in the design of any quarter dollar under this subsection.

(5) Treatment as numismatic items.-For purposes of sections 5134 and 5136, all coins minted under this subsection shall be considered to be numismatic items.

(6) Issuance.-

(A) Quality of coins.-The Secretary may mint and issue such number of quarter dollars of each design selected under paragraph (4) in uncirculated and proof qualities as the Secretary determines to be appropriate.

(B) Silver coins.-Notwithstanding subsection (b), the Secretary may mint and issue such number of quarter dollars of each design selected under paragraph (4) as the Secretary determines to be appropriate, with a content of 90 percent silver and 10 percent copper.

(C) Sources of bullion.-The Secretary shall obtain silver for minting coins under subparagraph (B) from available resources, including stockpiles established under the Strategic and Critical Materials Stock Piling Act.

(7) Application in event of the admission of additional states.-If any additional State is admitted into the Union before the end of the 10-year period referred to in paragraph (1), the Secretary of the Treasury may issue quarter dollar coins, in accordance with this subsection, with a design which is emblematic of such State during any 1 year of such 10-year period, in addition to the quarter dollar coins issued during such year in accordance with paragraph (3)(A).

(m) Commemorative Coin Program Restrictions.-

(1) Maximum number.-Beginning January 1, 1999, the Secretary may mint and issue commemorative coins under this section during any calendar year with respect to not more than 2 commemorative coin programs.

(2) Mintage levels.-

(A) In general.-Except as provided in subparagraph (B), in carrying out any commemorative coin program, the Secretary shall mint-

(i) not more than 750,000 clad half-dollar coins;

(ii) not more than 500,000 silver one-dollar coins; and

(iii) not more than 100,000 gold five-dollar or ten-dollar coins.

(B) Exception.-If the Secretary determines, based on independent, market-based research conducted by a designated recipient organization of a commemorative coin program, that the mintage levels described in subparagraph (A) are not adequate to meet public demand for that commemorative coin, the Secretary may waive one or more of the requirements of subparagraph (A) with respect to that commemorative coin program.

(C) Designated recipient organization defined.-For purposes of this paragraph, the term "designated recipient organization" means any organization designated, under any provision of law, as the recipient of any surcharge imposed on the sale of any numismatic item.

( Pub. L. 97–258, Sept. 13, 1982, 96 Stat. 981 ; Pub. L. 97–452, §1(20), Jan. 12, 1983, 96 Stat. 2477 ; Pub. L. 99–61, title II, §202, July 9, 1985, 99 Stat. 115 ; Pub. L. 99–185, §2(a), (b), Dec. 17, 1985, 99 Stat. 1177 ; Pub. L. 100–274, §§4(a), 6, Mar. 31, 1988, 102 Stat. 50 ; Pub. L. 102–390, title II, §§226(a), 227, 228, Oct. 6, 1992, 106 Stat. 1630 ; Pub. L. 103–272, §4(f)(1)(R), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1362 ; Pub. L. 104–208, div. A, title I, §101(f) [title V, §§523, 524, 529(a)], Sept. 30, 1996, 110 Stat. 3009–314 , 3009-347 to 3009-349; Pub. L. 105–124, §§3, 4(b)–(d), Dec. 1, 1997, 111 Stat. 2534 , 2536; Pub. L. 105–176, May 29, 1998, 112 Stat. 104 .)

Historical and Revision Notes
1982 Act

Revised Section	Source (U.S. Code)	Source (Statutes at Large)
5112(a)	31:317(a)(1st, last sentences).	R.S. §3515(a); Sept. 26, 1890, ch. 945, §1, 26 Stat. 485 ; Sept. 5, 1962, Pub. L. 87–643, §1, 76 Stat. 440 ; Oct. 11, 1974, Pub. L. 93–441, §1, 88 Stat. 1261 .
	31:391(c).	July 23, 1965, Pub. L. 89–81, §101(c), 79 Stat. 255 ; restated Dec. 31, 1970, Pub. L. 91–607, §201, 84 Stat. 1768 ; Oct. 10, 1978, Pub. L. 95–447, §2, 92 Stat. 1072 .
5112(b)	31:317(a)(2d, 3d sentences).
	31:346.	R.S. §3533; June 14, 1947, ch. 104, §1, 61 Stat. 132 .
	31:391(b).	July 23, 1965, Pub. L. 89–81, §101(b), (d), 79 Stat. 254 ; restated Dec. 31, 1970, Pub. L. 91–607, §201, 84 Stat. 1768 .
	31:398(1)–(4), (6).	July 23, 1965, Pub. L. 89–81, §108(1)–(4), (6), 79 Stat. 255 .
5112(c)	31:317(b).	R.S. §3515(b); added Oct. 11, 1974, Pub. L. 93–441, §1, 88 Stat. 1261 .
5112(d)(1)	31:324.	R.S. §3517; Mar. 3, 1887, ch. 396, §3, 24 Stat. 635 ; Sept. 26, 1890, ch. 945, §1, 26 Stat. 485 ; May 18, 1908, ch. 173, 35 Stat. 164 ; restated July 23, 1965, Pub. L. 89–81, §204(a), 79 Stat. 256 ; Dec. 31, 1970, Pub. L. 91–607, §206, 84 Stat. 1769 .
	31:324b–1.	Oct. 10, 1978, Pub. L. 95–447, §3, 92 Stat. 1072 .
5112(d)(2)	31:276.	R.S. §3510; restated Sept. 26, 1890, ch. 944, 26 Stat. 484 .
5112(e)	31:324b.	Dec. 31, 1970, Pub. L. 91–607, §203, 84 Stat. 1769 ; Oct. 10, 1978, Pub. L. 95–447, §4, 92 Stat. 1072 .
	31:324c.	Dec. 31, 1970, Pub. L. 91–607, §209, 84 Stat. 1769 .
	31:391(d).
	31:398(3), (4).
5112(f)	31:321.	R.S. §3514; Jan. 30, 1934, ch. 6, §5, 48 Stat. 340 .
	31:399.	July 23, 1965, Pub. L. 89–81, 79 Stat. 254 , §109; added Dec. 23, 1981, Pub. L. 97–104, §2, 95 Stat. 1491 .

In subsection (a), the words before clause (1) are added because of the restatement. In clause (5), the words "that is 0.835 inch in diameter" are added because the Secretary of the Treasury has prescribed the diameter and the diameter of a coin may not be changed under 31:276. The words "5 grams" are substituted for "seventy-seven and sixteen-hundredths grains troy" for consistency in the revised chapter. In clause (6), the words "that is 0.75 inch in diameter" are added because the Secretary has prescribed the diameter and the diameter of a coin may not be changed under 31:276. The words "except as provided under subsection (c) of this section" are added for clarity and because of the restatement. The words "3.11 grams" are substituted for "forty-eight grains" for consistency in the revised chapter.

In subsection (b), the words "In minting 5-cent coins" are substituted for "in minor-coinage alloys" in 31:346 because 5-cent coins are the minor coins composed of nickel. The words "Secretary shall use" are substituted for "shall be used" because of the source provisions restated in section 321 of the revised title. The word "bars" is substituted for "ingots" for consistency in the revised chapter. The words "2.5 percent" are substituted for "twenty-five thousandths" for consistency in the revised title and with other titles of the United States Code. The words "from the percent of nickel required" are substituted for "the legal standard . . . in the proportion of nickel" because of the restatement. The words "In silver ingots, six-thousandths" are omitted as superseded by the source provisions restated in the section. The words "In gold ingots, one-thousandth" in section 3533 of the Revised Statutes are omitted because gold coinage was discontinued by 31:315b. The words "Except as provided in subsection (c) of this section" are added for clarity and because of the restatement.

In subsection (c), the words "a different weight and alloy of copper and zinc" are substituted for "such action" for clarity.

In subsection (d)(1), the words "an impression emblematic of liberty" in 31:324 are omitted as obsolete. The words "The design on the reverse side of the dollar, half dollar, and quarter dollar is an eagle" are substituted for "and upon the reverse side shall be the figure or representation of an eagle . . . but on the dime, 5-, and 1-cent piece, the figure of the eagle shall be omitted", and the words "The emblem on the obverse side of the dollar is" are substituted for "The one-dollar coin authorized by section 391(c) of this title shall bear on the obverse side" in 31:324b–1, to eliminate unnecessary words. The words "Any coins minted after July 23, 1965, from 900 fine coin silver shall be inscribed with the year 1964" in 31:324 are omitted because the Secretary no longer has authority to mint coins from 900 fine coin silver.

In subsection (d)(2), the word "Secretary" is substituted for "engraver", "Director of the Mint", and "Director of the Mint . . . with the approval of the Secretary of the Treasury" because of the source provisions restated in section 321(c) of the revised title. The word "dies" is substituted for "from the original dies already authorized all the working dies required for use in the coinage of the several mints" and "original dies" to eliminate unnecessary words. The word "inscription" is substituted for "legend" for consistency in the section. The words "Provided, That no change be made in the diameter of any coin" are omitted as unnecessary because the diameters are prescribed by subsection (a) of the revised section. The words "procure services under section 3109 of title 5 in carrying out this paragraph" are substituted for "engage temporarily for this purpose the services of one or more artists, distinguished in their respective departments of art" to eliminate unnecessary words. The words "who shall be paid for such service from the contingent appropriation for the mint at Philadelphia" are omitted as obsolete. The text of section 3510(2d proviso) of the Revised Statutes is omitted as executed.

In subsection (e)(2), the words "80 percent" are substituted for "eight hundred parts" in 31:391(d), and the words "20 percent" are substituted for "two hundred parts", for consistency in the revised title and with other titles of the Code. The words "that are metallurgically bonded to" are added for clarity and consistency with subsection (b). In clause (4), the words "the late President of the United States" in 31:324b are omitted as unnecessary. Clause (6) is added because 31:324 applies to coins minted under this subsection.

In subsection (f)(1), before clause (A), the words "Notwithstanding this section and section 5111(a)(1) of this title are substituted for "Notwithstanding any other provision of law" in 31:399 for clarity. In clause (B), the words "are an alloy of 90 percent silver and 10 percent copper" are substituted for "be minted in accordance with the standard established in section 3514 of the Revised Statutes (31 U.S.C. 321)" and 31:321 to eliminate unnecessary words and for clarity. In clause (C), the word "symbolizing" is substituted for "emblematic" for clarity.

In subsection (f)(2), the words "under such regulations as he may prescribe" are omitted as unnecessary because of section 321 of the revised title. The word "Treasury" is substituted for "general fund of the Treasury" to eliminate unnecessary words.

The text of 31:399(b)(3) is omitted as unnecessary because of section 5103 of the revised title.

1983 Act

This amends 31:5112(f)(1) to make technical and conforming changes.

References in Text

The date of enactment of the United States $1 Coin Act of 1997, referred to in subsec. (b), is the date of enactment of Pub. L. 105–124, which was approved Dec. 1, 1997.

The Strategic and Critical Materials Stock Piling Act, referred to in subsec. (l)(6)(C), is act June 7, 1939, ch. 190, as revised generally by Pub. L. 96–41, §2, July 30, 1979, 93 Stat. 319 , which is classified generally to subchapter III (§98 et seq.) of chapter 5 of Title 50, War and National Defense. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see section 98 of Title 50 and Tables.

Amendments

1998-Subsec. (l)(1)(C). Pub. L. 105–176 added subpar. (C).

1997-Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 105–124, §4(b), struck out "and weighs 8.1 grams" after "diameter".

Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 105–124, §4(c), struck out "dollar," before "half dollar" in first sentence and inserted after fourth sentence "The dollar coin shall be golden in color, have a distinctive edge, have tactile and visual features that make the denomination of the coin readily discernible, be minted and fabricated in the United States, and have similar metallic, anti-counterfeiting properties as United States coinage in circulation on the date of enactment of the United States $1 Coin Act of 1997."

Subsec. (d)(1). Pub. L. 105–124, §4(d), substituted "The Secretary of the Treasury, in consultation with the Congress, shall select appropriate designs for the obverse and reverse sides of the dollar coin." for "The eagle on the reverse side of the dollar is the symbolic eagle of Apollo 11 landing on the moon. The obverse side of the dollar has the likeness of Susan B. Anthony."

Subsec. (l). Pub. L. 105–124, §3, added subsec. (l).

1996-Subsec. (i)(4)(C). Pub. L. 104–208, §101(f) [title V, §523], added subpar. (C).

Subsec. (k). Pub. L. 104–208, §101(f) [title V, §524], added subsec. (k).

Subsec. (m). Pub. L. 104–208, §101(f) [title V, §529(a)], added subsec. (m).

1994-Subsec. (h). Pub. L. 103–272 substituted "section 5103 of this title" for "section 5103 of title 31, United States Code".

1992-Subsec. (d)(1). Pub. L. 102–390, §226(a), inserted "shall" before "have" in first sentence and substituted "coin shall have" for "coin has" in second and third sentences.

Subsec. (i)(4). Pub. L. 102–390, §228, added par. (4).

Subsec. (j). Pub. L. 102–390, §227, added subsec. (j).

1988-Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 100–274, §4(a), inserted before last sentence "In minting gold coins, the Secretary shall use alloys that vary not more than 0.1 percent from the percent of gold required."

Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 100–274, §6, inserted heading and amended subsec. (f) generally. Prior to amendment, subsec. (f) read as follows: "The Secretary shall sell the coins minted under subsection (e) to the public at a price equal to the market value of the bullion at the time of sale, plus the cost of minting, marketing, and distributing such coins (including labor, materials, dyes, use of machinery, and overhead expenses)."

1985-Subsec. (a)(7) to (10). Pub. L. 99–185, §2(a), added pars. (7) to (10).

Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 99–61 added subsec. (e). Former subsec. (e), providing for the minting of 150,000,000 silver and copper alloy dollar coins bearing the likeness of Dwight David Eisenhower, was struck out.

Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 99–61 added subsec. (f). Former subsec. (f), providing for the minting of up to 10,000,000 silver and copper alloy half-dollar coins symbolizing the 250th anniversary of the birth of George Washington, was struck out.

Subsecs. (g), (h). Pub. L. 99–61 added subsecs. (g) and (h).

Subsec. (i). Pub. L. 99–185, §2(b), added subsec. (i).

1983-Subsec. (f)(1). Pub. L. 97–452, §1(20)(A), inserted a comma after "10,000,000)" in introductory text.

Subsec. (f)(1)(C). Pub. L. 97–452, §1(20)(B), substituted "250th" for "two hundred and fiftieth".

Effective Date of 1996 Amendment

Section 101(f) [title V, §529(e)] of Pub. L. 104–208, provided that: "This section [amending this section and sections 5134 and 5135 of this title, enacting provisions set out as a note under section 5134 of this title, and amending provisions set out as a note under this section] and the amendments made by this section shall take effect on the date of enactment of this Act [Sept. 30, 1996]."

Effective Date of 1985 Amendments

Section 3 of Pub. L. 99–185 provided that: "This Act [amending this section and sections 5116, 5118, and 5132 of this title and enacting provisions set out as notes under this section] shall take effect on October 1, 1985, except that no coins may be issued or sold under section 5112(i) of title 31, United States Code, before October 1, 1986."

Section 205 of title II of Pub. L. 99–61 provided that: "This title [amending this section and sections 5116 and 5132 of this title and enacting provisions set out as a note under this section] shall take effect on October 1, 1985, except that no coins may be issued or sold under subsection (e) of section 5112 of title 31, United States Code, before September 1, 1986, or before the date on which all coins minted under title I of this Act [set out as a note below] have been sold, whichever is earlier."

Short Title of 1985 Amendments

Section 1 of Pub. L. 99–185 provided that: "This Act [amending this section and sections 5116, 5118, and 5132 of this title and enacting provisions set out as notes under this section] may be cited as the 'Gold Bullion Coin Act of 1985'."

Section 201 of title II of Pub. L. 99–61 provided that: "This title [amending this section and sections 5116 and 5132 of this title and enacting provisions set out as a note under this section] may be cited as the 'Liberty Coin Act'."

Findings

Pub. L. 105–124, §2, Dec. 1, 1997, 111 Stat. 2534 , provided that: "The Congress finds that-

"(1) it is appropriate and timely-

"(A) to honor the unique Federal republic of 50 States that comprise the United States; and

"(B) to promote the diffusion of knowledge among the youth of the United States about the individual States, their history and geography, and the rich diversity of the national heritage;

"(2) the circulating coinage of the United States has not been modernized during the 25-year period preceding the date of enactment of this Act [Dec. 1, 1997];

"(3) a circulating commemorative 25-cent coin program could produce earnings of $110,000,000 from the sale of silver proof coins and sets over the 10-year period of issuance, and would produce indirect earnings of an estimated $2,600,000,000 to $5,100,000,000 to the United States Treasury, money that will replace borrowing to fund the national debt to at least that extent; and

"(4) it is appropriate to launch a commemorative circulating coin program that encourages young people and their families to collect memorable tokens of all of the States for the face value of the coins."

Dollar Coins

Pub. L. 105–124, §4(e), (f), Dec. 1, 1997, 111 Stat. 2536 , 2537, provided that:

"(e) Production of New Dollar Coins.-

"(1) In general.-Upon the depletion of the Government's supply (as of the date of enactment of this Act [Dec. 1, 1997]) of $1 coins bearing the likeness of Susan B. Anthony, the Secretary of the Treasury shall place into circulation $1 coins that comply with the requirements of subsections (b) and (d)(1) of section 5112 of title 31, United States Code, as amended by this section.

"(2) Authority of secretary to continue production.-If the supply of $1 coins bearing the likeness of Susan B. Anthony is depleted before production has begun of $1 coins which bear a design which complies with the requirements of subsections (b) and (d)(1) of section 5112 of title 31, United States Code, as amended by this section, the Secretary of the Treasury may continue to mint and issue $1 coins bearing the likeness of Susan B. Anthony in accordance with that section 5112 (as in effect on the day before the date of enactment of this Act) until such time as production begins.

"(3) Numismatic sets.-The Secretary may include such $1 coins in any numismatic set produced by the United States Mint before the date on which the $1 coins authorized by this section are placed in circulation.

"(f) Marketing Program.-

"(1) In general.-Before placing into circulation $1 coins authorized under this section [amending this section and enacting provisions set out as a note under section 5101 of this title], the Secretary of the Treasury shall adopt a program to promote the use of such coins by commercial enterprises, mass transit authorities, and Federal, State, and local government agencies.

"(2) Study required.-The Secretary of the Treasury shall conduct a study on the progress of the marketing program adopted in accordance with paragraph (1).

"(3) Report.-Not later than March 31, 2001, the Secretary of the Treasury shall submit a report to the Congress on the results of the study conducted pursuant to paragraph (2)."

Rule of Construction

Pub. L. 105–124, §5, Dec. 1, 1997, 111 Stat. 2537 , provided that: "Nothing in this Act [see Short Title of 1997 Amendment note set out under section 5101 of this title] or the amendments made by this Act shall be construed to evidence any intention to eliminate or to limit the printing or circulation of United States currency in the $1 denomination."

Study and Report to Congress of 50 States Commemorative Coin Program

Pub. L. 104–329, title III, §302, Oct. 20, 1996, 110 Stat. 4012 , provided that:

"(a) Study.-The Secretary of the Treasury shall by June 1, 1997 complete a study of the feasibility of a circulating commemorative coin program to commemorate each of the 50 States. The study shall assess likely public acceptance of and consumer demand for different coins that might be issued in connection with such a program (taking into consideration the pace of issuance of coins and the length of such a program), a comparison of the costs of producing coins issued under the program and the revenue that the program would generate, the impact on coin distribution systems, the advantages and disadvantages of different approaches to selecting designs for coins in such a program, and such other factors as the Secretary considers appropriate in deciding upon the feasibility of such a program. No steps taken in order to gather information for this study shall be considered a collection of information within the meaning of section 3502 of title 44, United States Code.

"(b) Report.-The Secretary shall submit the study required in subsection (a) above, to the Committee on Banking and Financial Services of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Banking, Housing and Urban Affairs of the Senate, simultaneously on its receipt by the Secretary.

"(c) 50-State Commemorative Coin Program.-The Secretary shall determine by August 1, 1997 whether the results of the study authorized by subsection (a) justify such a program. If the Secretary determines that such a program is justified, then he shall by January 1, 1999, notwithstanding the fourth sentence of subsection (d)(1) and subsection (d)(2) of section 5112, title 31, United States Code, commence a commemorative coin program consisting of the minting and issuance of quarter dollar coins bearing designs, selected in accordance with paragraph (4) of this subsection, which are emblematic of the 50 States. If the Secretary determines that such a commemorative coin program is justified but that it is not practicable to commence the program by January 1, 1999, then he shall notify the Committee on Banking and Financial Services of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of the Senate of such impracticability and of the date on which the program will commence.

"(1) Design.-The design for each quarter dollar issued under the program shall be emblematic of 1 of the 50 States. The designs for quarter dollar coins issued during each year of the program shall be emblematic of States which have not previously been commemorated under the program.

"(2) Order of issuance.-Each State will be honored by a coin in the order of that State's admission to the United States.

"(3) Number of coins.-Of the quarter dollar coins issued during each year of the program, the Secretary shall prescribe, on the basis of such factors as the Secretary determines to be appropriate, the number of quarter dollar coins which shall be issued with each of the designs selected for such year.

"(4) Selection of design.-Each of the 50 designs required for quarter dollars issued under the program shall be-

"(A) selected pursuant to a process, decided upon by the Secretary, on the basis of the study conducted pursuant to subsection (a), which process shall involve, among other things, consultation with appropriate officials of the State being commemorated with such design; and

"(B) reviewed by the Citizens Commemorative Coin Advisory Committee and the Commission of Fine Arts.

"(5) Treatment as numismatic items.-For purposes of sections 5134 and 5136 of title 31, United States Code, all coins minted under this section shall be considered to be numismatic items.

"(6) Numismatic items.-

"(A) Quality of coins.-The Secretary may mint and issue such number of quarter dollars of each design selected under paragraph (4) of this subsection in uncirculated and proof qualities as the Secretary determines to be appropriate.

"(B) Silver coins.-Notwithstanding the provisions of subsection 5112(b) of title 31, United States Code, the Secretary may mint and issue such number of quarter dollars of each design selected under paragraph (4) of this subsection as the Secretary determines to be appropriate with a content of 90 percent silver and 10 percent copper.

"(C) Sources of bullion.-The Secretary may obtain silver for minting coins under paragraph (6)(B) from stockpiles established under the Strategic and Critical Materials Stock Piling Act [50 U.S.C. 98 et seq.].

"(d) Funding.-Funds used to complete this study shall be offset from funds from the Department of the Treasury."

Deposit of Profits From Sale of Gold to Mint for Commemorative Coin Program

Section 101(f) [title V, §523] of Pub. L. 104–208 provided in part: "That profits generated from the sale of gold to the United States Mint for this program shall be considered as a receipt to be deposited into the General Fund of the Treasury."

Use of Government Platinum Reserves Stockpiled at Mint

Section 101(f) [title V, §524] of Pub. L. 104–208 provided in part: "That the Secretary is authorized to use Government platinum reserves stockpiled at the United States Mint as working inventory and shall ensure that reserves utilized are replaced by the Mint."

Reform of Commemorative Coin Programs

Pub. L. 103–186, title III, Dec. 14, 1993, 107 Stat. 2251 , as amended by Pub. L. 104–208, div. A, title I, §101(f) [title V, §529(b)(4)], Sept. 30, 1996, 110 Stat. 3009–314 , 3009-352; Pub. L. 104–316, title I, §115(h), Oct. 19, 1996, 110 Stat. 3835 , provided that:

"SEC. 301. SENSE OF CONGRESS RESOLUTION.

"(a) Findings.-The Congress hereby makes the following findings:

"(1) Congress has authorized 18 commemorative coin programs in the 9 years since 1984.

"(2) There are more meritorious causes, events, and people worthy of commemoration than can be honored with commemorative coinage.

"(3) Commemorative coin legislation has increased at a pace beyond that which the numismatic community can reasonably be expected to absorb.

"(4) It is in the interests of all Members of Congress that a policy be established to control the flow of commemorative coin legislation.

"(b) Declaration.-It is the sense of the Congress that the Committee on Banking, Finance and Urban Affairs [now Committee on Banking and Financial Services] of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of the Senate should not report or otherwise clear for consideration by the House of Representatives or the Senate legislation providing for more than 2 commemorative coin programs for any year, unless the committee determines, on the basis of a recommendation by the Citizens Commemorative Coin Advisory Committee, that extraordinary merit exists for an additional commemorative coin program.

"SEC. 302. REPORTS BY RECIPIENTS OF COMMEMORATIVE COIN SURCHARGES.

"(a) Quarterly Financial Report.-

"(1) In general.-Each person who receives, after the date of the enactment of this Act [Dec. 14, 1993], any surcharge derived from the sale of commemorative coins under any Act of Congress shall submit a quarterly financial report to the Director of the United States Mint and the Comptroller General of the United States describing in detail the expenditures made by such person from the proceeds of the surcharge.

"(2) Information to be included.-The report under paragraph (1) shall include information on the proportion of the surcharges received during the period covered by the report to the total revenue of such person during such period, expressed as a percentage, and the percentage of total revenue during such period which was spent on administrative expenses (including salaries, travel, overhead, and fund raising).

"(3) Due dates.-Quarterly reports under this subsection shall be due at the end of the 30-day period beginning on the last day of any calendar quarter during which any surcharge derived from the sale of commemorative coins is received by any person.

"(b) Final Report.-Each person who receives, after the date of the enactment of this Act, any surcharge derived from the sale of commemorative coins under any Act of Congress shall submit a final report on the expenditures made by such person from the proceeds of all surcharges received by such person, including information described in subsection (a)(2), before the end of the 1-year period beginning on the last day on which sales of such coins may be made."

Amount Equal to Profit From Sale of Gold Coins Deposited in General Fund of Treasury To Reduce National Debt

Section 2(f) of Pub. L. 99–185 provided that an amount equal to the amount by which the proceeds from the sale of the coins issued under 31 U.S.C. 5112(i) exceeded the sum of the cost of minting, marketing, and distributing such coins, and the value of gold certificates (not exceeding forty-two and two-ninths dollars a fine troy ounce) retired from the use of gold contained in such coins, was to be deposited in the general fund of the Treasury and used for the sole purpose of reducing the national debt, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 102–390, title II, §221(c)(2)(A), Oct. 6, 1992, 106 Stat. 1628 , effective Oct. 1, 1992.

Issuance of Gold Coins To Result in No Net Cost to United States

Section 2(g) of Pub. L. 99–185 provided that: "The Secretary shall take all actions necessary to ensure that the issuance of the coins minted under section 5112(i) of title 31, United States Code, shall result in no net cost to the United States Government."

Leif Ericson Millennium Commemorative Coins

Pub. L. 106–126, title I, Dec. 6, 1999, 113 Stat. 1643 , directed Secretary of the Treasury to issue not more than 500,000 one dollar coins commemorating the millennium of the discovery of the New World by Leif Ericson, and provided for coin specifications, sources of bullion, design and issuance of coins, distribution of surcharges, and general waiver of procurement regulations.

United States Capitol Visitor Center Commemorative Coins

Pub. L. 106–126, title II, Dec. 6, 1999, 113 Stat. 1644 , directed Secretary of the Treasury to issue not more than 200,000 ten dollar bimetallic gold and platinum coins, or not more than 100,000 five dollar coins, and to issue not more than 500,000 one dollar coins and 750,000 half dollar clad coins commemorating the bicentennial of the first convening of the Congress in the Capitol building, and provided for coin specifications, sources of bullion, design, issuance, and sale of coins, and distribution of surcharges.

Lewis and Clark Expedition Bicentennial Commemorative Coins

Pub. L. 106–126, title III, Dec. 6, 1999, 113 Stat. 1647 , directed Secretary of the Treasury to issue not more than 500,000 one dollar coins commemorating the bicentennial of the Lewis and Clark Expedition, and provided for coin specifications, sources of bullion, design, issuance, and sale of coins, distribution of surcharges, and financial assurances.

Thomas Alva Edison Commemorative Coins

Pub. L. 105–331, Oct. 31, 1998, 112 Stat. 3073 , directed Secretary of the Treasury to issue not more than 500,000 one dollar silver coins commemorating the 125th anniversary of the invention of the light bulb by Thomas A. Edison, and provided for coin specifications, sources of bullion, design and issuance of coins, and surcharges.

Library of Congress Bicentennial Commemorative Coins

Pub. L. 105–268, Oct. 19, 1998, 112 Stat. 2378 , directed Secretary of the Treasury to issue not more than 100,000 five dollar gold coins or not more than 200,000 ten dollar bimetallic coins and not more than 500,000 one dollar silver coins commemorating the bicentennial of the Library of Congress, and provided for coin specifications, sources of bullion, design, issuance and sale of coins, and distribution of surcharges.

First Flight Commemorative Coins

Pub. L. 105–124, §6, Dec. 1, 1997, 111 Stat. 2537 , directed Secretary of the Treasury to mint ten dollar gold coins, silver dollar coins, and half-dollar clad coins commemorating the first flight by Orville and Wilbur Wright at Kitty Hawk, North Carolina, and provided for treatment as legal tender, sources of bullion, design and sale of coins, period for issuance of coins, general waiver of procurement regulations, treatment as numismatic items, distribution of surcharges, and financial assurances.

Establishment of Programs Pursuant to Recommendations of Citizens Commemorative Coin Advisory Committee; Definitions

Pub. L. 104–329, §2, title I, §§101–108, Oct. 20, 1996, 110 Stat. 4005–4011 , directed Secretary of the Treasury, pursuant to recommendations of Citizens Commemorative Coin Advisory Committee, to mint and issue commemorative coins in honor of Dolley Madison, George Washington, Black Revolutionary War Patriots, Franklin Delano Roosevelt, Yellowstone National Park, National Law Enforcement Officers Memorial, and Jackie Robinson, and provided for definitions, for specification and design, legal tender status, sources of bullion for coins for quality, issuance and sale of, coins, together with establishment and distribution of surcharges, and financial assurances respecting payment for such coins at no net cost to the Government, and for general waiver of procurement regulations. See, also, Pub. L. 105–277, div. C, title I, §139(c), Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2681–599 .

Smithsonian Institution Sesquicentennial Commemorative Coins

Pub. L. 104–96, Jan. 10, 1996, 109 Stat. 981 , directed Secretary of the Treasury to issue not more than 100,000 five dollar gold or platinum coins, and not more than 650,000 one dollar silver coins commemorating the sesquicentennial of the founding of the Smithsonian Institution, and provided for coin specifications, sources of bullion, design, issuance and sale of coins, general waiver of procurement regulations, distribution of surcharges, audits by Comptroller General, and financial assurances.

Commemoration of 1995 Special Olympic World Games

Pub. L. 103–328, title II, §204, Sept. 29, 1994, 108 Stat. 2369 , directed Secretary of the Treasury to issue not more than 800,000 one dollar silver coins commemorating the 1995 Special Olympic World Games, and provided for specification and design of coins, sources of bullion, issuance and sale of coins, waiver of procurement regulations, distribution of surcharges, audits by Comptroller General, and financial assurances.

National Community Service Commemorative Coins

Pub. L. 103–328, title II, §205, Sept. 29, 1994, 108 Stat. 2371 , directed Secretary of the Treasury to issue not more than 500,000 one dollar silver coins commemorating students who volunteer to perform community service, and provided for specification and design of coins, sources of bullion, issuance and sale of coins, waiver of procurement regulations, distribution of surcharges, audits by Comptroller General, and financial assurances.

Robert F. Kennedy Memorial Commemorative Coins

Pub. L. 103–328, title II, §206, Sept. 29, 1994, 108 Stat. 2373 , directed Secretary of the Treasury to issue not more than 500,000 one dollar silver coins commemorating the life and work of Robert F. Kennedy, and provided for specification and design of coins, sources of bullion, issuance and sale of coins, waiver of procurement regulations, distribution of surcharges, audits by Comptroller General, and financial assurances.

United States Military Academy Bicentennial Commemorative Coins

Pub. L. 103–328, title II, §207, Sept. 29, 1994, 108 Stat. 2375 , directed Secretary of the Treasury to issue not more than 500,000 one dollar silver coins commemorating the bicentennial of the United States Military Academy, and provided for specification and design of coins, sources of bullion, issuance and sale of coins, waiver of procurement regulations, distribution of surcharges, audits by Comptroller General, application of Numismatic Public Enterprise Fund requirements, and financial assurances.

United States Botanic Garden Commemorative Coins

Pub. L. 103–328, title II, §208, Sept. 29, 1994, 108 Stat. 2377 , directed Secretary of the Treasury to issue not more than 500,000 one dollar silver coins commemorating the United States Botanic Garden, and provided for specification and design of coins, sources of bullion, issuance and sale of coins, waiver of procurement regulations, distribution of surcharges, audits by Comptroller General, and financial assurances.

Thomas Jefferson Commemorative Coins

Pub. L. 103–186, title I, Dec. 14, 1993, 107 Stat. 2245 , directed Secretary of the Treasury to issue not more than 600,000 one dollar silver coins commemorating the 250th anniversary of the birth of Thomas Jefferson, and provided for coin specifications, sources of bullion, selection of design, issuance and sale of coins, general waiver of procurement regulations, distribution of surcharges, audits by Comptroller General, and financial assurances.

United States Veterans Commemorative Coins

Pub. L. 103–186, title II, Dec. 14, 1993, 107 Stat. 2247 , directed Secretary of the Treasury to issue not more than 500,000 one dollar silver coins each of 3 designs commemorating American prisoners of war, the 10th anniversary of the Vietnam Veterans Memorial, and the Women in Military Service for America Memorial, and provided for coin specifications, sources of bullion, selection of design, issuance and sale of coins, general waiver of procurement regulations, distribution of surcharges, establishment of the Andersonville Prisoner-of-War Museum Endowment Fund, audits by Comptroller General, and financial assurances.

Bicentennial of the United States Capitol Commemorative Coins

Pub. L. 103–186, title IV, Dec. 14, 1993, 107 Stat. 2252 , directed Secretary of the Treasury to issue not more than 500,000 one dollar silver coins commemorating the bicentennial of the United States Capitol, and provided for specifications of coins, sources of bullion, design of coins, issuance and sale of coins, financial assurances, use of surcharges, and general waiver of procurement regulations.

World War II 50th Anniversary Commemorative Coins

Pub. L. 102–414, Oct. 14, 1992, 106 Stat. 2106 , directed Secretary of the Treasury to mint and issue not more than 300,000 five dollar gold coins, not more than 1 million one dollar silver coins, and not more than 2 million half dollar clad coins commemorating the 50th anniversary of the involvement of the United States in World War II and provided for specification, design, and sale of the coins, sources of bullion therefor, financial assurances, use of surcharges, general waiver of procurement regulations, deposit in the coinage profit fund, and report to Congress.

1996 Olympic Games Commemorative Coins

Pub. L. 102–390, title I, Oct. 6, 1992, 106 Stat. 1620 , as amended by Pub. L. 104–74, Dec. 26, 1995, 109 Stat. 784 , directed Secretary of the Treasury to issue 2 five dollar gold coins of different designs in 1995 in quantities not to exceed 175,000 of each design, 2 five dollar gold coins of different designs in 1996 in quantities not to exceed 100,000 of the first design and not to exceed 150,000 of the second design, 4 one dollar silver coins of different designs in 1995 in quantities not to exceed 750,000 of each design, 4 one dollar silver coins of different designs in 1996 in quantities not to exceed 350,000 of each of the first 2 designs and not to exceed 500,000 of each of the remaining 2 designs, and not more than 8,000,000 half dollar clad coins of 4 designs selected in such quantities as the Secretary determines to be appropriate and which shall contain an inscription of the year "1995" or "1996", as the Secretary determines to be appropriate, to support the 1996 Atlanta Centennial Olympic Games and the programs of the United States Olympic Committee, and provided for sources of bullion, design, issuance and sale of coins, waiver of procurement regulations, distribution of surcharges, audit by Comptroller General, financial assurances, reciprocity of coin sales, and reports to Congress.

Civil War Battlefield Commemorative Coins

Pub. L. 102–379, Oct. 5, 1992, 106 Stat. 1362 , directed Secretary of the Treasury to issue not more than 300,000 five dollar coins, 1 million one dollar coins, and 2 million half dollar coins commemorating the 100th anniversary of the beginning of the protection of Civil War battlefields, and provided for specification and design and sale of the coins, sources of bullion therefor, termination of authority to mint these coins after Dec. 31, 1995, establishment of a coinage profit fund, distribution and use of surcharges, general waiver of procurement regulations, financial assurances, and quarterly reports to Congress.

1992 White House Commemorative Coins

Pub. L. 102–281, title I, May 13, 1992, 106 Stat. 133 , as amended by Pub. L. 102–390, title II, §221(c)(2)(G), Oct. 6, 1992, 106 Stat. 1628 , directed Secretary of the Treasury to issue not more than 500,000 one dollar silver coins commemorating the 200th anniversary of the White House and provided for specifications, sources of bullion, design, sale, and issuance of coins, waiver of procurement regulations, distribution of surcharges, audit by Comptroller General, and financial assurances.

World Cup USA 1994 Commemorative Coins

Pub. L. 102–281, title II, May 13, 1992, 106 Stat. 135 , as amended by Pub. L. 102–390, title II, §221(c)(2)(H), Oct. 6, 1992, 106 Stat. 1628 ; Pub. L. 104–66, title I, §1132(a), Dec. 21, 1995, 109 Stat. 725 , directed Secretary of the Treasury to issue not more than 750,000 five dollar gold coins, 5 million one dollar silver coins, and 5 million half dollar clad coins, commemorating the 1994 World Cup games and provided for specifications, sources of bullion, design and design competition, sale, and issuance of coins, waiver of procurement regulations, distribution of surcharges, audits by Comptroller General, and financial assurances.

Christopher Columbus Quincentenary Coins

Pub. L. 102–281, title IV, §§401–411, May 13, 1992, 106 Stat. 139–141 , as amended by Pub. L. 102–390, title II, §221(c)(2)(I), Oct. 6, 1992, 106 Stat. 1628 , directed Secretary of the Treasury to issue not more than 500,000 five dollar gold coins, 4 million one dollar silver coins, and 6 million half dollar clad coins, commemorating the Christopher Columbus Quincentenary and provided for specifications, sources of bullion, design, issuance, and sale of coins, financial assurances, use of surcharges, waiver of procurement regulations, and reports to Congress.

James Madison-Bill of Rights Commemorative Coins

Pub. L. 102–281, title V, May 13, 1992, 106 Stat. 145 , as amended by Pub. L. 104–66, title I, §1132(c), Dec. 21, 1995, 109 Stat. 725 , directed Secretary of the Treasury to issue not more than 300,000 five dollar gold coins, 900,000 one dollar silver coins, and 1 million half dollar silver coins, commemorating James Madison and the Bill of Rights and provided for specifications, sources of bullion, issuance and sale of coins, financial assurances, distribution of surcharges, audits by Comptroller General, and waiver of procurement regulations.

Korean War Veterans Memorial Thirty-Eighth Anniversary Commemorative Coins

Pub. L. 101–495, Oct. 31, 1990, 104 Stat. 1187 , as amended by Pub. L. 102–390, title II, §221(c)(2)(F), Oct. 6, 1992, 106 Stat. 1628 , directed Secretary of the Treasury to issue not more than 1 million one dollar silver coins commemorating the thirty-eighth anniversary of the ending of the Korean War and provided for sources of bullion, design, issuance and sale of coins, financial assurances, use of surcharges, audit by Comptroller General, and waiver of procurement regulations.

1992 Olympic Commemorative Coins

Pub. L. 101–406, Oct. 3, 1990, 104 Stat. 879 , as amended by Pub. L. 102–390, title II, §221(c)(2)(E), Oct. 6, 1992, 106 Stat. 1628 , directed Secretary of the Treasury to issue not more than 500,000 five dollar gold coins, 4 million one dollar silver coins, and 6 million half dollar clad coins to support the training of American athletes participating in the 1992 Olympic Games and provided for sources of bullion, specification, design, issuance, and sale of coins, waiver of procurement regulations, distribution of surcharges, audit by Comptroller General, and financial assurances.

United Services Organization 50th Anniversary Commemorative Coins

Pub. L. 101–404, Oct. 2, 1990, 104 Stat. 875 , as amended by Pub. L. 102–390, title II, §221(c)(2)(D), Oct. 6, 1992, 106 Stat. 1628 , directed Secretary of the Treasury to issue not more than 1 million one dollar silver coins commemorating the 50th anniversary of the United Services Organization and provided for sources of bullion, design, issuance, and sale of coins, financial assurances, use of surcharges, audit by Comptroller General, report to Congress, and waiver of procurement regulations.

Mount Rushmore Commemorative Coins

Pub. L. 101–332, July 16, 1990, 104 Stat. 313 , as amended by Pub. L. 102–390, title II, §221(c)(2)(C), Oct. 6, 1992, 106 Stat. 1628 ; Pub. L. 103–328, title II, §209, Sept. 29, 1994, 108 Stat. 2378 , directed Secretary of the Treasury to issue not more than 500,000 five dollar gold coins, 2.5 million one dollar silver coins, and 2.5 million half dollar clad coins commemorating the golden anniversary of the Mount Rushmore National Memorial and provided for sources of bullion, specification, design, issuance, and sale of coins, waiver of procurement regulations, distribution of surcharges, audit by Comptroller General, and financial assurances.

Bicentennial of the United States Congress Commemorative Coins

Pub. L. 100–673, Nov. 17, 1988, 102 Stat. 3992 , as amended by Pub. L. 101–302, title III, §312(c), May 25, 1990, 104 Stat. 245 ; Pub. L. 103–186, title IV, §408(b), Dec. 14, 1993, 107 Stat. 2253 , directed Secretary of the Treasury to issue not more than one million five dollar coins, three million one dollar coins, and four million half dollar coins commemorating the bicentennial of the United States Congress, and provided for specification and design and sale of coins, sources of bullion therefor, financial assurances, use of surcharges, inapplicability of other provisions governing procurement of goods and services, and compliance with provisions relating to equal employment opportunity.

Similar provisions were contained in Pub. L. 100–378, Aug. 1, 1988, 102 Stat. 887 , and were repealed on enactment by section 11 of Pub. L. 100–378.

Pub. L. 101–36, June 9, 1989, 103 Stat. 69 , authorized a first strike ceremony at the United States Capitol for the Bicentennial of the Congress Commemorative Coin.

Dwight David Eisenhower Commemorative Coins

Pub. L. 100–467, Oct. 3, 1988, 102 Stat. 2275 , as amended by Pub. L. 102–390, title II, §221(c)(2)(B), Oct. 6, 1992, 106 Stat. 1628 , directed Secretary of the Treasury to issue not more than four million one dollar coins commemorating the one hundredth anniversary of the birth of Dwight David Eisenhower, and provided for specification, design and sale of coins, sources of bullion therefor, financial assurances, inapplicability of other provisions governing procurement of goods and services, and compliance with provisions relating to equal employment opportunity.

1988 Olympic Commemorative Coins

Pub. L. 100–141, Oct. 28, 1987, 101 Stat. 832 , directed Secretary of the Treasury to issue not more than one million five dollar coins and ten million one dollar coins commemorating the 1988 Olympics and provided for coin specifications, sources of bullion, design, sale, and issuance of coins, waiver of procurement regulations, distribution of surcharges, audit by the Comptroller General, establishment of a coinage profit fund, and financial assurances.

Bicentennial of United States Constitution Commemorative Coins

Pub. L. 99–582, Oct. 29, 1986, 100 Stat. 3315 , directed Secretary of the Treasury to issue not more than one million five dollar coins and ten million one dollar coins commemorating the bicentennial of the United States Constitution, and provided for specification, design and sale of coins, sources of bullion therefor, financial assurances, use of revenue from sales for reduction of national debt, inapplicability of other provisions governing procurement of goods and services, and compliance with provisions relating to equal employment opportunity.

Statue of Liberty-Ellis Island Commemorative Coins

Pub. L. 99–61, title I, July 9, 1985, 99 Stat. 113 , directed Secretary of the Treasury to issue not more than 500,000 five dollar coins, ten million one dollar coins, and twenty-five million half dollar coins commemorating the Statue of Liberty and Ellis Island, and provided for coin specifications, sources of bullion, design of coins, requirements for issuance, waiver of procurement regulations, distribution of surcharges, audit by the Comptroller General, establishment of a coinage profit fund, and financial assurances.

1984 Olympic Commemorative Coins

Pub. L. 97–220, July 22, 1982, 96 Stat. 222 , directed Secretary of the Treasury to issue not more than fifty million one-dollar coins and two million ten-dollar coins commemorating the 1984 summer Olympic games and provided for national and international sales, distribution of proceeds, establishment of a coinage profit fund, audits by the Comptroller General, financial assurances, and reports to Congress.

Possession of Gold Coins and Bullion

The possession of gold coins and bullion was prohibited except under Government license by Ex. Ord. No. 6260, eff. Aug. 28, 1933. That prohibition was revoked by Ex. Ord. No. 11825, Dec. 31, 1974, 40 F.R. 1003, eff. Dec. 31, 1974. See notes set out under section 95a of Title 12, Banks and Banking.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in sections 5102, 5111, 5113, 5116, 5132 of this title; title 26 section 408.