16 USC CHAPTER 1, SUBCHAPTER LIX-F: ALASKAN NATIONAL PARKS
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16 USC CHAPTER 1, SUBCHAPTER LIX-F: ALASKAN NATIONAL PARKS
From Title 16—CONSERVATIONCHAPTER 1—NATIONAL PARKS, MILITARY PARKS, MONUMENTS, AND SEASHORES

SUBCHAPTER LIX–F—ALASKAN NATIONAL PARKS

§410hh. Establishment of new areas

The following areas are hereby established as units of the National Park System and shall be administered by the Secretary under the laws governing the administration of such lands and under the provisions of this Act:

(1) Aniakchak National Monument, containing approximately one hundred and thirty-eight thousand acres of public lands, and Aniakchak National Preserve, containing approximately three hundred and seventy-six thousand acres of public lands, as generally depicted on map numbered ANIA–90,005, and dated October 1978. The monument and preserve shall be managed for the following purposes, among others: To maintain the caldera and its associated volcanic features and landscape, including the Aniakchak River and other lakes and streams, in their natural state; to study, interpret, and assure continuation of the natural process of biological succession; to protect habitat for, and populations of, fish and wildlife, including, but not limited to, brown/grizzly bears, moose, caribou, sea lions, seals, and other marine mammals, geese, swans, and other waterfowl and in a manner consistent with the foregoing, to interpret geological and biological processes for visitors. Subsistence uses by local residents shall be permitted in the monument where such uses are traditional in accordance with the provisions of subchapter II of chapter 51 of this title.

(2) Bering Land Bridge National Preserve, containing approximately two million four hundred and fifty-seven thousand acres of public land, as generally depicted on map numbered BELA–90,005, and dated October 1978. The preserve shall be managed for the following purposes, among others: To protect and interpret examples of arctic plant communities, volcanic lava flows, ash explosions, coastal formations, and other geologic processes; to protect habitat for internationally significant populations of migratory birds; to provide for archeological and paleontological study, in cooperation with Native Alaskans, of the process of plant and animal migration, including man, between North America and the Asian Continent; to protect habitat for, and populations of, fish and wildlife including, but not limited to, marine mammals, brown/grizzly bears, moose, and wolves; subject to such reasonable regulations as the Secretary may prescribe, to continue reindeer grazing use, including necessary facilities and equipment, within the areas which on January 1, 1976, were subject to reindeer grazing permits, in accordance with sound range management practices; to protect the viability of subsistence resources; and in a manner consistent with the foregoing, to provide for outdoor recreation and environmental education activities including public access for recreational purposes to the Serpentine Hot Springs area. The Secretary shall permit the continuation of customary patterns and modes of travel during periods of adequate snow cover within a one-hundred-foot right-of-way along either side of an existing route from Deering to the Taylor Highway, subject to such reasonable regulations as the Secretary may promulgate to assure that such travel is consistent with the foregoing purposes.

(3) Cape Krusenstern National Monument, containing approximately five hundred and sixty thousand acres of public lands, as generally depicted on map numbered CAKR–90,007, and dated October 1979. The monument shall be managed for the following purposes, among others: To protect and interpret a series of archeological sites depicting every known cultural period in arctic Alaska; to provide for scientific study of the process of human population of the area from the Asian Continent; in cooperation with Native Alaskans, to preserve and interpret evidence of prehistoric and historic Native cultures; to protect habitat for seals and other marine mammals; to protect habitat for and populations of, birds, and other wildlife, and fish resources; and to protect the viability of subsistence resources. Subsistence uses by local residents shall be permitted in the monument in accordance with the provisions of subchapter II of chapter 51 of this title.

(4)(a) Gates of the Arctic National Park, containing approximately seven million fifty-two thousand acres of public lands, Gates of the Arctic National Preserve, containing approximately nine hundred thousand acres of Federal lands, as generally depicted on map numbered GAAR–90,011, and dated July 1980. The park and preserve shall be managed for the following purposes, among others: To maintain the wild and undeveloped character of the area, including opportunities for visitors to experience solitude, and the natural environmental integrity and scenic beauty of the mountains, forelands, rivers, lakes, and other natural features; to provide continued opportunities, including reasonable access, for mountain climbing, mountaineering, and other wilderness recreational activities; and to protect habitat for and the populations of, fish and wildlife, including, but not limited to, caribou, grizzly bears, Dall sheep, moose, wolves, and raptorial birds. Subsistence uses by local residents shall be permitted in the park, where such uses are traditional, in accordance with the provisions of subchapter II of chapter 51 of this title.

(b) Congress finds that there is a need for access for surface transportation purposes across the Western (Kobuk River) unit of the Gates of the Arctic National Preserve (from the Ambler Mining District to the Alaska Pipeline Haul Road) and the Secretary shall permit such access in accordance with the provisions of this subsection.

(c) Upon the filing of an application pursuant to section 3164(b) and (c) of this title for a right-of-way across the Western (Kobuk River) unit of the preserve, including the Kobuk Wild and Scenic River, the Secretary shall give notice in the Federal Register of a thirty-day period for other applicants to apply for access.

(d) The Secretary and the Secretary of Transportation shall jointly prepare an environmental and economic analysis solely for the purpose of determining the most desirable route for the right-of-way and terms and conditions which may be required for the issuance of that right-of-way. This analysis shall be completed within one year and the draft thereof within nine months of the receipt of the application and shall be prepared in lieu of an environmental impact statement which would otherwise be required under section 102(2)(C) of the National Environmental Policy Act [42 U.S.C. 4332(2)(C)]. Such analysis shall be deemed to satisfy all requirements of that Act [42 U.S.C. 4321 et seq.] and shall not be subject to judicial review. Such environmental and economic analysis shall be prepared in accordance with the procedural requirements of section 3164(e) of this title. The Secretaries in preparing the analysis shall consider the following—

(i) Alternative routes including the consideration of economically feasible and prudent alternative routes across the preserve which would result in fewer or less severe adverse impacts upon the preserve.

(ii) The environmental and social and economic impact of the right-of-way including impact upon wildlife, fish, and their habitat, and rural and traditional lifestyles including subsistence activities, and measures which should be instituted to avoid or minimize negative impacts and enhance positive impacts.


(e) Within 60 days of the completion of the environmental and economic analysis, the Secretaries shall jointly agree upon a route for issuance of the right-of-way across the preserve. Such right-of-way shall be issued in accordance with the provisions of section 3167 of this title.

(5) Kenai Fjords National Park, containing approximately five hundred and sixty-seven thousand acres of public lands, as generally depicted on map numbered KEFJ–90,007, and dated October 1978. The park shall be managed for the following purposes, among others: To maintain unimpaired the scenic and environmental integrity of the Harding Icefield, its outflowing glaciers, and coastal fjords and islands in their natural state; and to protect seals, sea lions, other marine mammals, and marine and other birds and to maintain their hauling and breeding areas in their natural state, free of human activity which is disruptive to their natural processes. In a manner consistent with the foregoing, the Secretary is authorized to develop access to the Harding Icefield and to allow use of mechanized equipment on the icefield for recreation.

(6) Kobuk Valley National Park, containing approximately one million seven hundred and ten thousand acres of public lands as generally depicted on map numbered KOVA–90,009, and dated October 1979. The park shall be managed for the following purposes, among others: To maintain the environmental integrity of the natural features of the Kobuk River Valley, including the Kobuk, Salmon, and other rivers, the boreal forest, and the Great Kobuk Sand Dunes, in an undeveloped state; to protect and interpret, in cooperation with Native Alaskans, archeological sites associated with Native cultures; to protect migration routes for the Arctic caribou herd; to protect habitat for, and populations of, fish and wildlife including but not limited to caribou, moose, black and grizzly bears, wolves, and waterfowl; and to protect the viability of subsistence resources. Subsistence uses by local residents shall be permitted in the park in accordance with the provisions of subchapter II of chapter 51 of this title. Except at such times when, and locations where, to do so would be inconsistent with the purposes of the park, the Secretary shall permit aircraft to continue to land at sites in the upper Salmon River watershed.

(7)(a) Lake Clark National Park, containing approximately two million four hundred thirty-nine thousand acres of public lands, and Lake Clark National Preserve, containing approximately one million two hundred and fourteen thousand acres of public lands, as generally depicted on map numbered LACL–90,008, and dated October 1978. The park and preserve shall be managed for the following purposes, among others: To protect the watershed necessary for perpetuation of the red salmon fishery in Bristol Bay; to maintain unimpaired the scenic beauty and quality of portions of the Alaska Range and the Aleutian Range, including active volcanoes, glaciers, wild rivers, lakes, waterfalls, and alpine meadows in their natural state; and to protect habitat for and populations of fish and wildlife including but not limited to caribou, Dall sheep, brown/grizzly bears, bald eagles, and peregrine falcons.

(b) No lands conveyed to the Nondalton Village Corporation shall be considered to be within the boundaries of the park or preserve; if the corporation desires to convey any such lands, the Secretary may acquire such lands with the consent of the owner, and any such lands so acquired shall become part of the park or preserve, as appropriate. Subsistence uses by local residents shall be permitted in the park where such uses are traditional in accordance with the provisions of subchapter II of chapter 51 of this title.

(8)(a) Noatak National Preserve, containing approximately 6,477,168 acres of public lands, as generally depicted on map numbered NOAT–90,004, and dated July 1980 and the map entitled "Noatak National Preserve and Noatak Wilderness Addition" dated September 1994. The preserve shall be managed for the following purposes, among others: To maintain the environmental integrity of the Noatak River and adjacent uplands within the preserve in such a manner as to assure the continuation of geological and biological processes unimpaired by adverse human activity; to protect habitat for, and populations of, fish and wildlife, including but not limited to caribou, grizzly bears, Dall sheep, moose, wolves, and for waterfowl, raptors, and other species of birds; to protect archeological resources; and in a manner consistent with the foregoing, to provide opportunities for scientific research. The Secretary may establish a board consisting of scientists and other experts in the field of arctic research in order to assist him in the encouragement and administration of research efforts within the preserve.

(b) All lands located east of centerline of the main channel of the Noatak River which are—

(1) within

(A) any area withdrawn under the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act [43 U.S.C. 1601 et seq.] for selection by the village of Noatak, and

(B) any village deficiency withdrawal under section 11(a)(3)(A) of such Act [43 U.S.C. 1610(a)(3)(A)] which is adjacent to the area described in subparagraph (i) 1 of this paragraph,


(2) adjacent to public lands within a unit of the National Park System as designated under this Act, and

(3) not conveyed to such Village or other Native Corporation before the final conveyance date, shall, on such final conveyance date, be added to and included within, the adjacent unit of the National Park System (notwithstanding the applicable acreage specified in this paragraph) and managed in the manner provided in the foregoing provisions of this paragraph. For purposes of the preceding sentence the term "final conveyance date" means the date of the conveyance of lands under the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act [43 U.S.C. 1601 et seq.], or by operation of this Act, to the Village of Noatak, or to any other Native Corporation which completes the entitlement of such Village or other Corporation to conveyance of lands from the withdrawals referred to in subparagraph (1).


(9) Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park, containing approximately eight million one hundred and forty-seven thousand acres of public lands, and Wrangell-Saint Elias National Preserve, containing approximately four million one hundred and seventy-one thousand acres of public lands, as generally depicted on map numbered WRST–90,007, and dated August 1980. The park and preserve shall be managed for the following purposes, among others: To maintain unimpaired the scenic beauty and quality of high mountain peaks, foothills, glacial systems, lakes, and streams, valleys, and coastal landscapes in their natural state; to protect habitat for, and populations of, fish and wildlife including but not limited to caribou, brown/grizzly bears, Dall sheep, moose, wolves, trumpeter swans and other waterfowl, and marine mammals; and to provide continued opportunities, including reasonable access for mountain climbing, mountaineering, and other wilderness recreational activities. Subsistence uses by local residents shall be permitted in the park, where such uses are traditional, in accordance with the provisions of subchapter II of chapter 51 of this title.

(10) Yukon-Charley Rivers National Preserve, containing approximately one million seven hundred and thirteen thousand acres of public lands, as generally depicted on map numbered YUCH–90,008, and dated October 1978. The preserve shall be managed for the following purposes, among others: To maintain the environmental integrity of the entire Charley River basin, including streams, lakes and other natural features, in its undeveloped natural condition for public benefit and scientific study; to protect habitat for, and populations of, fish and wildlife, including but not limited to the peregrine falcons and other raptorial birds, caribou, moose, Dall sheep, grizzly bears, and wolves; and in a manner consistent with the foregoing, to protect and interpret historical sites and events associated with the gold rush on the Yukon River and the geological and paleontological history and cultural prehistory of the area. Except at such times when and locations where to do so would be inconsistent with the purposes of the preserve, the Secretary shall permit aircraft to continue to land at sites in the Upper Charley River watershed.

(Pub. L. 96–487, title II, §201, Dec. 2, 1980, 94 Stat. 2377; Pub. L. 104–333, div. I, title III, §302(c)(2), Nov. 12, 1996, 110 Stat. 4119.)


Editorial Notes

References in Text

This Act, referred to in provision preceding par. (1) and par. (8)(b)(2), (3), is Pub. L. 96–487, Dec. 2, 1980, 94 Stat. 2371, known as the Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 3101 of this title and Tables.

That Act, referred to in par. (4)(d), meaning the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969, is Pub. L. 91–190, Jan. 1, 1970, 83 Stat. 852, which is classified generally to chapter 55 (§4321 et seq.) of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 4321 of Title 42 and Tables.

The Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act, referred to in par. (8)(b)(1)(A), (3), is Pub. L. 92–203, Dec. 18, 1971, 85 Stat. 688, which is classified generally to chapter 33 (§1601 et seq.) of Title 43, Public Lands. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1601 of Title 43 and Tables.

Amendments

1996—Par. (8)(a). Pub. L. 104–333 substituted "approximately 6,477,168 acres" for "approximately six million four hundred and sixty thousand acres" and inserted "and the map entitled 'Noatak National Preserve and Noatak Wilderness Addition' dated September 1994" after "July 1980".


Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Anaktuvuk Pass Land Exchange

Pub. L. 104–333, div. I, title III, §302, Nov. 12, 1996, 110 Stat. 4117, provided that:

"(a) Findings.—The Congress makes the following findings:

"(1) The Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act (94 Stat. 2371 [Pub. L. 96–487, see Short Title note set out under section 3101 of this title]), enacted on December 2, 1980, established Gates of the Arctic National Park and Preserve and Gates of the Arctic Wilderness. The Village of Anaktuvuk Pass, located in the highlands of the central Brooks Range is virtually surrounded by these national park and wilderness lands and is the only Native village located within the boundary of a National Park System unit in Alaska.

"(2) Unlike most other Alaskan Native communities, the village [sic] of Anaktuvuk Pass is not located on a major river, lake, or coastline that can be used as a means of access. The residents of Anaktuvuk pass [sic] have relied increasingly on snow machines in winter and all-terrain vehicles in summer as their primary means of access to pursue caribou and other subsistence resources.

"(3) In a 1983 land exchange agreement, linear easements were reserved by the Inupiat Eskimo people for use of all-terrain vehicles across certain national park lands, mostly along stream and river banks. These linear easements proved unsatisfactory, because they provided inadequate access to subsistence resources while causing excessive environmental impact from concentrated use.

"(4) The National Park Service and the Nunamiut Corporation initiated discussions in 1985 to address concerns over the use of all-terrain vehicles on park and wilderness land. These discussions resulted in an agreement, originally executed in 1992 and thereafter amended in 1993 and 1994, among the National Park Service, Nunamiut Corporation, the City of Anaktuvuk Pass, and Arctic Slope Regional Corporation. Full effectuation of this agreement, as amended, by its terms requires ratification by the Congress.

"(b) Ratification of agreement.—

"(1) Ratification.—

"(A) In general.—The terms, conditions, procedures, covenants, reservations, and other provisions set forth in the document entitled 'Donation, Exchange of Lands and Interests in Lands and Wilderness Redesignation Agreement Among Arctic Slope Regional Corporation, Nunamiut Corporation, City of Anaktuvuk Pass and the United States of America' (hereinafter referred to in this section as 'the Agreement'), executed by the parties on December 17, 1992, as amended, are hereby incorporated in this title [see Tables for classification], are ratified and confirmed, and set forth the obligations and commitments of the United States, Arctic Slope Regional Corporation, Nunamiut Corporation and the City of Anaktuvuk Pass, as a matter of Federal law.

"(B) Land acquisition.—Lands acquired by the United States pursuant to the Agreement shall be administered by the Secretary of the Interior (hereinafter referred to as the 'Secretary') as part of Gates of the Arctic National Park and Preserve, subject to the laws and regulations applicable thereto.

"(2) Maps.—The maps set forth as Exhibits C1, C2, and D through I to the Agreement depict the lands subject to the conveyances, retention of surface access rights, access easements and all-terrain vehicle easements. These lands are depicted in greater detail on a map entitled 'Land Exchange Actions, Proposed Anaktuvuk Pass Land Exchange and Wilderness Redesignation, Gates of the Arctic National Park and Preserve', Map No. 185/80,039, dated April 1994, and on file at the Alaska Regional Office of the National Park Service and the offices of Gates of the Arctic National Park and Preserve in Fairbanks, Alaska. Written legal descriptions of these lands shall be prepared and made available in the above offices. In case of any discrepancies, Map No. 185/80,039 shall be controlling.

"(c) National Park System Wilderness.—

"(1) Gates of the artic wilderness.—[Amended provisions listed in a Table of Wilderness Areas set out under section 1132 of this title.]

"(2) Noatak national preserve.—[Amended this section.]

"(3) Noatak wilderness.—[Amended provisions listed in a Table of Wilderness Areas set out under section 1132 of this title.]

"(d) Conformance With Other Law.—

"(1) Alaska native claims settlement act.—All of the lands, or interests therein, conveyed to and received by Arctic Slope Regional Corporation or Nunamiut Corporation pursuant to the Agreement shall be deemed conveyed and received pursuant to exchanges under section 22(f) of the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act, as amended (43 U.S.C. 1601, 1621(f)). All of the lands or interests in lands conveyed pursuant to the Agreement shall be conveyed subject to valid existing rights.

"(2) Alaska national interest lands conservation act.—Except to the extent specifically set forth in this section or the Agreement, nothing in this section or in the Agreement shall be construed to enlarge or diminish the rights, privileges, or obligations of any person, including specifically the preference for subsistence uses and access to subsistence resources provided under the Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act (16 U.S.C. 3101 et seq.)."

1 So in original. Probably should be "subparagraph (A)".

§410hh–1. Additions to existing areas

The following units of the National Park System are hereby expanded:

(1) Glacier Bay National Monument, by the addition of an area containing approximately five hundred and twenty-three thousand acres of Federal Land. Approximately fifty-seven thousand acres of additional public land is hereby established as Glacier Bay National Preserve, both as generally depicted on map numbered GLBA–90,004, and dated October 1978; furthermore, the monument is hereby redesignated as "Glacier Bay National Park". The monument addition and preserve shall be managed for the following purposes, among others: To protect a segment of the Alsek River, fish and wildlife habitats and migration routes, and a portion of the Fairweather Range including the northwest slope of Mount Fairweather. Lands, waters, and interests therein within the boundary of the park and preserve which were within the boundary of any national forest are hereby excluded from such national forest and the boundary of such national forest is hereby revised accordingly.

(2) Katmai National Monument, by the addition of an area containing approximately one million and thirty-seven thousand acres of public land. Approximately three hundred and eight thousand acres of additional public land is hereby established as Katmai National Preserve, both as generally depicted on map numbered 90,007, and dated July 1980; furthermore, the monument is hereby redesignated as "Katmai National Park". The monument addition and preserve shall be managed for the following purposes, among others: To protect habitats for, and populations of, fish and wildlife including, but not limited to, high concentrations of brown/grizzly bears and their denning areas; to maintain unimpaired the water habitat for significant salmon populations; and to protect scenic, geological, cultural and recreational features.

(3)(a) Mount McKinley National Park, by the addition of an area containing approximately two million four hundred and twenty-six thousand acres of public land, and approximately one million three hundred and thirty thousand acres of additional public land is hereby established as Denali National Preserve, both as generally depicted on map numbered DENA–90,007, and dated July 1980 and the whole is hereby redesignated as Denali National Park and Preserve. The park additions and preserve shall be managed for the following purposes, among others: To protect and interpret the entire mountain massif, and additional scenic mountain peaks and formations; and to protect habitat for, and populations of fish and wildlife including, but not limited to, brown/grizzly bears, moose, caribou, Dall sheep, wolves, swans and other waterfowl; and to provide continued opportunities, including reasonable access, for mountain climbing, mountaineering and other wilderness recreational activities. Subsistence uses by local residents shall be permitted in the additions to the park where such uses are traditional in accordance with the provisions in subchapter II of chapter 51 of this title.

(b) The Alaska Land Use Council shall, in cooperation with the Secretary, conduct a study of the Kantishna Hills and Dunkle Mine areas of the park as generally depicted on a map entitled "Kantishna Hills/Dunkle Mine Study Area" dated October 1979, and report thereon to the Congress not later than three years from December 2, 1980. The study and report shall evaluate the resources of the area, including but not limited to, fish and wildlife, public recreation opportunities, wilderness potential, historic resources, and minerals, and shall include those recommendations respecting resources and other relevant matters which the Council determines are necessary. In conjunction with the study required by this section, the Council, in consultation with the Secretary, shall compile information relating to the mineral potential of the areas encompassed within the study, the estimated cost of acquiring mining properties, and the environmental consequences of further mineral development.

(c) During the period of the study, no acquisition of privately owned land shall be permitted within the study area, except with the consent of the owner, and the holders of valid mining claims shall be permitted to operate on their claims, subject to reasonable regulations designed to minimize damage to the environment: Provided, however, That such lands or claims shall be subject to acquisition without the consent of the owner or holder if the Secretary determines, after notice and opportunity for hearing, if such notice and hearing are not otherwise required by applicable law or regulation, that activities on such lands or claims will significantly impair important scenic, wildlife, or recreational values of the public lands which are the subject of the study.

(Pub. L. 96–487, title II, §202, Dec. 2, 1980, 94 Stat. 2382; Pub. L. 97–468, title VI, §615(b)(5), Jan. 14, 1983, 96 Stat. 2578.)


Editorial Notes

Amendments

1983—Subsec. (3)(a). Pub. L. 97–468 struck out provision that the portion of the Alaska Railroad right-of-way within the park be subject to such laws and regulations applicable to the protection of fish and wildlife and other park values as the Secretary, with the concurrence of the Secretary of Transportation, might determine.


Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 1983 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 97–468 became effective on date of transfer of Alaska Railroad to the State [Jan. 5, 1985], pursuant to section 1203 of Title 45, Railroads, see section 615(b) of Pub. L. 97–468.

Glacier Bay National Park Boundary Adjustment

Pub. L. 105–317, Oct. 30, 1998, 112 Stat. 3002, provided for exchange of land between United States and Alaska no later than six months after issuance of license to Gustavus Electric Company by the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) for construction and operation of hydroelectric project; provided for approximately same amount of designated wilderness after transfer as before it; provided environmental, economic, and other conditions on the transfer; provided for role of FERC and Secretary of the Interior in land exchange and hydroelectric project; and provided for authorities and jurisdictions provided in Pub. L. 105–317 to continue in effect until modified or repealed by Congress.

Katmai National Park Land Exchange

Pub. L. 105–277, div. A, §101(e) [title I, §135], Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2681–231, 2681-264, provided that:

"(a) Ratification of Agreement.—

"(1) Ratification.—

"(A) In general.—The terms, conditions, procedures, covenants, reservations, and other provisions set forth in the document entitled 'Agreement for the Sale, Purchase and Conveyance of Lands between the Heirs, Designees and/or Assigns of Palakia Melgenak and the United States of America' (hereinafter referred to in this section as the 'Agreement'), executed by its signatories, including the heirs, designees and/or assigns of Palakia Melgenak (hereinafter referred to in this section as the 'Heirs') effective on September 1, 1998 are authorized, ratified and confirmed, and set forth the obligations and commitments of the United States and all other signatories, as a matter of Federal law.

"(B) Native allotment.—Notwithstanding any provision of law to the contrary, all lands described in section 2(c) of the Agreement for conveyance to the Heirs shall be deemed a replacement transaction under 'An Act to relieve restricted Indians in the Five Civilized Tribes whose nontaxable lands are required for State, county or municipal improvements or sold to other persons or for other purposes' (25 U.S.C. 409a, 46 Stat. 1471), as amended, and the Secretary shall convey such lands by a patent consistent with the terms of the Agreement and subject to the same restraints on alienation and tax-exempt status as provided for Native allotments pursuant to 'An Act authorizing the Secretary of the Interior to allot homesteads to the natives of Alaska' (34 Stat. 197) [former 43 U.S.C. 270–1 to 270–3], as amended, repealed by section 18(a) [of] the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act (85 Stat. 710) [43 U.S.C. 1617(a)], with a savings clause for applications pending on December 18, 1971.

"(C) Land acquisition.—Lands and interests in land acquired by the United States pursuant to the Agreement shall be administered by the Secretary of the Interior (hereinafter referred to as the 'Secretary') as part of the Katmai National Park, subject to the laws and regulations applicable thereto.

"(2) Maps and deeds.—The maps and deeds set forth in the Agreement generally depict the lands subject to the conveyances, the retention of consultation rights, the conservation easement, the access rights, Alaska Native Allotment Act [34 Stat. 197] status, and the use and transfer restrictions.

"(b) Katmai National Park and Preserve Wilderness.—Upon the date of closing of the conveyance of the approximately 10 acres of Katmai National Park Wilderness lands to be conveyed to the Heirs under the Agreement, the following lands shall hereby be designated part of the Katmai Wilderness as designated by section 701(4) of the Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act (16 U.S.C. 1132 note; 94 Stat. 2417):

"A strip of land approximately one half mile long and 165 feet wide lying within Section 1, Township 24 South, Range 33 West, Seward Meridian, Alaska, the center line of which is the center of the unnamed stream from its mouth at Geographic Harbor to the north line of said Section 1. Said unnamed stream flows from the unnamed lake located in Sections 25 and 26, Township 23 South, Range 33 West, Seward Meridian. This strip of land contains approximately 10 acres.

"(c) Availability of Appropriation.—None of the funds appropriated in this Act or any other Act hereafter enacted for the implementation of the Agreement may be expended until the Secretary determines that the Heirs have signed a valid and full relinquishment and release of any and all claims described in section 2(d) of the Agreement.

"(d) General Provisions.—

"(1) All of the lands designated as Wilderness pursuant to this section shall be subject to any valid existing rights.

"(2) Subject to the provisions of the Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act [see Short Title note set out under section 3101 of this title], the Secretary shall ensure that the lands in the Geographic Harbor area not directly affected by the Agreement remain accessible for the public, including its mooring and mechanized transportation needs.

"(3) The Agreement shall be placed on file and available for public inspection at the Alaska Regional Office of the National Park Service, at the office of the Katmai National Park and Preserve in King Salmon, Alaska, and at least one public facility managed by the Federal, State or local government located in each of Homer, Alaska, and Kodiak, Alaska and such other public facilities which the Secretary determines are suitable and accessible for such public inspections. In addition, as soon as practicable after enactment of this provision [Oct. 21, 1998], the Secretary shall make available for public inspection in those same offices, copies of all maps and legal descriptions of lands prepared in implementing either the Agreement or this section. Such legal descriptions shall be published in the Federal Register and filed with the Speaker of the House of Representatives and the President of the Senate."

§410hh–2. Administration; hunting and subsistence uses; admission fees

Subject to valid existing rights, the Secretary shall administer the lands, waters, and interests therein added to existing areas or established by the foregoing sections of this subchapter as new areas of the National Park System, pursuant to the provisions of the Act of August 25, 1916 (39 Stat. 535), as amended and supplemented (16 U.S.C. 1 et seq.),1 and, as appropriate, under section 3201 of this title and the other applicable provisions of this Act: Provided, however, That hunting shall be permitted in areas designated as national preserves under the provisions of this Act. Subsistence uses by local residents shall be allowed in national preserves and, where specifically permitted by this Act, in national monuments and parks. Lands, waters, and interests therein withdrawn or reserved for the former Katmai and Glacier Bay National Monuments are hereby incorporated within and made a part of Katmai National Park or Glacier Bay National Park, as appropriate. Any funds available for the purposes of such monuments are hereby made available for the purposes of Katmai National Park and Preserve or Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve, as appropriate. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, no fees shall be charged for entrance or admission to any unit of the National Park System located in Alaska.

(Pub. L. 96–487, title II, §203, Dec. 2, 1980, 94 Stat. 2383.)


Editorial Notes

References in Text

The Act of August 25, 1916 (39 Stat. 535), as amended and supplemented (16 U.S.C. 1 et seq.), referred to in text, is act Aug. 25, 1916, ch. 408, 39 Stat. 535, known as the National Park Service Organic Act, which enacted sections 1, 2, 3, and 4 of this title and provisions set out as a note under section 100101 of Title 54, National Park Service and Related Programs. Sections 1 to 4 of the Act were repealed and restated as section 1865(a) of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure, and section 100101(a), chapter 1003, and sections 100751(a), 100752, 100753, and 102101 of Title 54 by Pub. L. 113–287, §§3, 4(a)(1), 7, Dec. 19, 2014, 128 Stat. 3094, 3260, 3272. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Tables. For disposition of former sections of this title, see Disposition Table preceding section 100101 of Title 54.

This Act, referred to in text, is Pub. L. 96–487, Dec. 2, 1980, 94 Stat. 2371, known as the Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 3101 of this title and Tables.


Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Environmental Impact Statement on Effects of 1996 Increases in Vessel Entries for Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve

Pub. L. 107–63, title I, §130, Nov. 5, 2001, 115 Stat. 442, provided that: "From within funds available to the National Park Service, such sums as may be necessary shall be used for expenses necessary to complete and issue, no later than January 1, 2004, an Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) to identify and analyze the possible effects of the 1996 increases in the number of vessel entries issued for Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve: Provided, That such EIS, upon its completion, shall be used by the Secretary to set the maximum level of vessel entries: Provided further, That until the Secretary sets the level of vessel entries based on the new EIS, the number of vessel entries into the Park shall be the same as that in effect during the 2000 calendar year and the National Park Service approval of modified Alternative 5 and promulgation of the final rule issued on May 30, 1996, relating to vessel entries, including the number of such entries, for Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve are hereby approved and shall be in effect notwithstanding any other provision of law until the Secretary sets the maximum level of vessel entries consistent with this section: Provided further, That nothing in this section shall preclude the Secretary from suspending or revoking any vessel entry if the Secretary determines that it is necessary to protect Park resources."

1 See References in Text note below.

§410hh–3. Native selections

Valid Native Corporation selections, or lands identified for selection by Regional Corporations pursuant to section 17(d)(2)(E) of the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act [43 U.S.C. 1616(d)(2)(E)], within the boundaries of the Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve as established under this Act, are hereby recognized and shall be honored and conveyed by the Secretary in accordance with the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act [43 U.S.C. 1601 et seq.] and this Act.

(Pub. L. 96–487, title II, §204, Dec. 2, 1980, 94 Stat. 2384.)


Editorial Notes

References in Text

The Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act, referred to in text, is Pub. L. 92–203, Dec. 18, 1971, 85 Stat. 688, which is classified generally to chapter 33 (§1601 et seq.) of Title 43, Public Lands. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1601 of Title 43 and Tables.

This Act, referred to in text, is Pub. L. 96–487, Dec. 2, 1980, 94 Stat. 2371, known as the Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 3101 of this title and Tables.

§410hh–4. Commercial fishing

With respect to the Cape Krusenstern National Monument, the Malaspina Glacier Forelands area of Wrangell-Saint Elias National Preserve and the Dry Bay area of Glacier Bay National Preserve, the Secretary may take no action to restrict unreasonably the exercise of valid commercial fishing rights or privileges obtained pursuant to existing law, including the use of public lands for campsites, cabins, motorized vehicles, and aircraft landings on existing airstrips, directly incident to the exercise of such rights or privileges except that this prohibition shall not apply to activities which the Secretary, after conducting a public hearing in the affected locality, finds constitute a significant expansion of the use of park lands beyond the level of such use during 1979.

(Pub. L. 96–487, title II, §205, Dec. 2, 1980, 94 Stat. 2384.)


Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Glacier Bay National Park Resource Management

Pub. L. 106–455, Nov. 7, 2000, 114 Stat. 1953, provided that:

"SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

"This Act may be cited as the 'Glacier Bay National Park Resource Management Act of 2000'.

"SEC. 2. DEFINITIONS.

"As used in this Act—

"(1) the term 'local residents' means those persons living within the vicinity of Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve, including but not limited to the residents of Hoonah, Alaska, who are descendants of those who had an historic and cultural tradition of sea gull egg gathering within the boundary of what is now Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve;

"(2) the term 'outer waters' means all of the marine waters within the park outside of Glacier Bay proper;

"(3) the term 'park' means Glacier Bay National Park;

"(4) the term 'Secretary' means the Secretary of the Interior; and

"(5) the term 'State' means the State of Alaska.

"SEC. 3. COMMERCIAL FISHING.

"(a) In General.—The Secretary shall allow for commercial fishing in the outer waters of the park in accordance with the management plan referred to in subsection (b) in a manner that provides for the protection of park resources and values.

"(b) Management Plan.—The Secretary and the State shall cooperate in the development of a management plan for the regulation of commercial fisheries in the outer waters of the park in accordance with existing Federal and State laws and any applicable international conservation and management treaties.

"(c) Savings.—(1) Nothing in this Act shall alter or affect the provisions of section 123 of the Department of the Interior and Related Agencies Appropriations Act for Fiscal Year 1999 (Public Law 105–277) [set out as a note below], as amended by section 501 of the 1999 Emergency Supplemental Appropriations Act (Public Law 106–31).

"(2) Nothing in this Act shall enlarge or diminish Federal or State title, jurisdiction, or authority with respect to the waters of the State of Alaska, the waters within Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve, or tidal or submerged lands.

"(d) Study.—(1) Not later than one year after the date funds are made available, the Secretary, in consultation with the State, the National Marine Fisheries Service, the International Pacific Halibut Commission, and other affected agencies shall develop a plan for a comprehensive multi-agency research and monitoring program to evaluate the health of fisheries resources in the park's marine waters, to determine the effect, if any, of commercial fishing on—

"(A) the productivity, diversity, and sustainability of fishery resources in such waters; and

"(B) park resources and values.

"(2) The Secretary shall promptly notify the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the United States Senate and the Committee on Resources [now Committee on Natural Resources] of the United States House of Representatives upon the completion of the plan.

"(3) The Secretary shall complete the program set forth in the plan not later than seven years after the date the congressional committees are notified pursuant to paragraph (2), and shall transmit the results of the program to such committees on a biennial basis.

"SEC. 4. SEA GULL EGG COLLECTION STUDY.

"(a) Study.—The Secretary, in consultation with local residents, shall undertake a study of sea gulls living within the park to assess whether sea gull eggs can be collected on a limited basis without impairing the biological sustainability of the sea gull population in the park. The study shall be completed no later than two years after the date funds are made available.

"(b) Recommendations.—If the study referred to in subsection (a) determines that the limited collection of sea gull eggs can occur without impairing the biological sustainability of the sea gull population in the park, the Secretary shall submit recommendations for legislation to the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the United States Senate and the Committee on Resources [now Committee on Natural Resources] of the United States House of Representatives.

"SEC. 5. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

"There is authorized to be appropriated such sums as are necessary to carry out this Act."

Commercial Fishing in Glacier Bay National Park

Pub. L. 105–277, div. A, §101(e) [title I, §123], Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2681–231, 2681-259, as amended by Pub. L. 106–31, title I, §501(a)–(c), May 21, 1999, 113 Stat. 72, 73, provided that:

"(a) General.—

"(1) The Secretary of the Interior and the State of Alaska shall cooperate in the development of a management plan for the regulation of commercial fisheries in Glacier Bay National Park pursuant to existing State and Federal statutes and any applicable international conservation and management treaties. Such management plan shall provide for commercial fishing in the marine waters within Glacier Bay National Park outside of Glacier Bay Proper, and in the marine waters within Glacier Bay Proper as specified in paragraphs (a)(2) through (a)(5), and shall provide for the protection of park values and purposes, for the prohibition of any new or expanded fisheries, and for the opportunity for the study of marine resources.

"(2) In the nonwilderness waters within Glacier Bay Proper, commercial fishing shall be limited, by means of non-transferable lifetime access permits, solely to individuals who—

"(A) hold a valid commercial fishing permit for a fishery in a geographic area that includes the nonwilderness waters within Glacier Bay Proper;

"(B) provide a sworn and notarized affidavit and other available corroborating documentation to the Secretary of the Interior sufficient to establish that such individual engaged in commercial fishing for halibut, tanner crab, or salmon in Glacier Bay Proper during qualifying years which shall be established by the Secretary of the Interior within one year of the date of the enactment of this Act [Oct. 21, 1998]; and

"(C) fish only with—

"(i) longline gear for halibut;

"(ii) pots or ring nets for tanner crab; or

"(iii) trolling gear for salmon.

"(3) With respect to the individuals engaging in commercial fishing in Glacier Bay Proper pursuant to paragraph (2), no fishing shall be allowed in the West Arm of Glacier Bay Proper (West Arm) north of 58 degrees, 50 minutes north latitude, except for trolling for king salmon during the period from October 1 through April 30. The waters of Johns Hopkins Inlet, Tarr Inlet and Reid Inlet shall remain closed to all commercial fishing.

"(4) With respect to the individuals engaging in commercial fishing in Glacier Bay Proper pursuant to paragraph (2), no fishing shall be allowed in the East Arm of Glacier Bay Proper (East Arm) north of a line drawn from Point Caroline, through the southern end of Garforth Island to the east side of Muir Inlet, except that trolling for king salmon during the period from October 1 through April 30 shall be allowed south of a line drawn across Muir Inlet at the southernmost point of Adams Inlet.

"(5) With respect to the individuals engaging in commercial fishing in Glacier Bay Proper pursuant to paragraph (2), no fishing shall be allowed in Geikie Inlet.

"(b) The Beardslee Islands and Upper Dundas Bay.—Commercial fishing is prohibited in the designated wilderness waters within Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve, including the waters of the Beardslee Islands and Upper Dundas Bay. Any individual who—

"(1) on or before August 1, 1999, provides a sworn and notarized affidavit and other available corroborating documentation to the Secretary of the Interior sufficient to establish that he or she has engaged in commercial fishing for Dungeness crab in the designated wilderness waters of the Beardslee Islands or Dundas Bay within Glacier Bay National Park pursuant to a valid commercial fishing permit in at least six of the years during the period 1987 through 1998;

"(2) at the time of receiving compensation based on the Secretary of the Interior's determination as described below—

"(A) agrees in writing not to engage in commercial fishing for Dungeness crab within Glacier Bay Proper;

"(B) relinquishes to the State of Alaska for the purposes of its retirement any commercial fishing permit for Dungeness crab for areas within Glacier Bay Proper;

"(C) at the individual's option, relinquishes to the United States the Dungeness crab pots covered by the commercial fishing permit; and

"(D) at the individual's option, relinquishes to the United States the fishing vessel used for Dungeness crab fishing in Glacier Bay Proper; and

"(3) holds a current valid commercial fishing permit that allows such individual to engage in commercial fishing for Dungeness crab in Glacier Bay National Park,

shall be eligible to receive from the United States compensation that is the greater of (i) $400,000, or (ii) an amount equal to the fair market value (as of the date of relinquishment) of the commercial fishing permit for Dungeness crab, together with an amount equal to the present value of the foregone net income from commercial fishing for Dungeness crab for for [sic] the period beginning January 1, 1999 that is equivalent in length to the period established by such individual under paragraph (1), based on the individual's net earnings from the Dungeness crab fishery during such established period. In addition, such individual shall be eligible to receive from the United States fair market value for any Dungeness crab pots, related gear, and not more than one Dungeness crab fishing vessel if such individual chooses to relinquish to the United States such pots, related gear, or vessel. Any individual seeking such compensation shall provide the consent necessary for the Secretary of the Interior to verify such net earnings in the fishery. The Secretary of the Interior's determination of the amount to be paid shall be completed and payment shall be made within six months from the date of application by the individuals described in this subsection and shall constitute final agency action subject to review pursuant to the Administrative Procedures [Procedure] Act [5 U.S.C. 551 et seq.; 701 et seq.] in the United States District Court for the District of Alaska.

"(c) Others Affected by Fishery Closures and Restrictions.—The Secretary of the Interior is authorized to provide $23,000,000 for a program developed with the concurrence of the State of Alaska to fairly compensate United States fish processors, fishing vessel crew members, communities, and others negatively affected by restrictions on fishing in Glacier Bay National Park. For the purpose of receiving compensation under the program required by this subsection, a potential recipient shall provide a sworn and notarized affidavit to establish the extent of such negative effect.

"(d) Definition and Savings Clause.—

"(1) As used in this section, the term 'Glacier Bay Proper' shall mean the marine waters within Glacier Bay, including coves and inlets, north of a line drawn from Point Gustavus to Point Carolus.

"(2) Nothing in this section is intended to enlarge or diminish Federal or State title, jurisdiction, or authority with respect to the waters of the State of Alaska, the waters within the boundaries of Glacier Bay National Park, or the tidal or submerged lands under any provision of State or Federal law.

"(e) Implementation and Effective Date.—The Secretary of the Interior shall publish an interim final rule for the Federal implementation of paragraphs (2) through (5) of subsection (a) and shall provide an opportunity for public comment of no less than 45 days on such interim final rule. The final rule for the Federal implementation of paragraphs (2) through (5) of subsection (a) shall be published in the Federal Register no later than September 30, 1999 and shall take effect on September 30, 1999, except that the limitations in paragraphs (3) through (5) of such subsection shall not apply with respect to halibut fishing until November 15, 1999 or salmon troll fishing until December 31, 1999. In the event that any individual eligible for compensation under subsection (b) has not received full compensation by June 15, 1999, the Secretary shall provide partial compensation on such date to such individual and shall expeditiously provide full compensation thereafter."

§410hh–5. Withdrawal of lands from mining and mineral leasing

Subject to valid existing rights, and except as explicitly provided otherwise in this Act, the Federal lands within units of the National Park System established or expanded by or pursuant to this Act are hereby withdrawn from all forms of appropriation or disposal under the public land laws, including location, entry, and patent under the United States mining laws, disposition under the mineral leasing laws, and from future selections by the State of Alaska and Native Corporations.

(Pub. L. 96–487, title II, §206, Dec. 2, 1980, 94 Stat. 2384.)


Editorial Notes

References in Text

This Act, referred to in text, is Pub. L. 96–487, Dec. 2, 1980, 94 Stat. 2371, known as the Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 3101 of this title and Tables.