Subtitle IV—Aeronautics and Space Research and Education
CHAPTER 401 —AERONAUTICS
SUBCHAPTER I—GENERAL
SUBCHAPTER II—HIGH PRIORITY AERONAUTICS RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS
SUBCHAPTER III—SCHOLARSHIPS
SUBCHAPTER IV—DATA REQUESTS
SUBCHAPTER I—GENERAL
§40101. Definition of institution of higher education
In this chapter, the term "institution of higher education" has the meaning given the term by section 101 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 40101 |
§40102. Governmental interest in aeronautics research and development
Congress reaffirms the national commitment to aeronautics research made in
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 40102 |
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
Experimental Aircraft Projects
"(a)
"(1) developing high-risk, precompetitive aerospace technologies for which there is not yet a profit rationale is a fundamental role of the [National Aeronautics and Space] Administration;
"(2) large-scale flight test experimentation and validation are necessary for—
"(A) transitioning new technologies and materials, including associated manufacturing processes, for aviation and aeronautics use; and
"(B) capturing the full extent of benefits from investments made by the Aeronautics Research Mission Directorate; and
"(3) a level of funding that adequately supports large-scale flight test experimentation and validation, including related infrastructure, should be ensured over a sustained period of time to restore the capacity of the Administration—
"(A) to see legacy priority programs through to completion; and
"(B) to achieve national economic and security objectives.
"(b)
"(1) to maintain world leadership in—
"(A) civilian aeronautical science and technology; and
"(B) aerospace industrialization; and
"(2) to maintain as a fundamental objective of the aeronautics research of the Administration the steady progression and expansion of flight research and capabilities, including the science and technology of critical underlying disciplines and competencies, such as—
"(A) computational-based analytical and predictive tools and methodologies;
"(B) aerothermodynamics;
"(C) propulsion;
"(D) advanced materials and manufacturing processes;
"(E) high-temperature structures and materials; and
"(F) guidance, navigation, and flight controls.
"(c)
"(1)
"(A) a subsonic demonstrator to demonstrate the performance and feasibility of advanced, ultra-efficient, and low emissions subsonic flight demonstrator configurations;
"(B) a low boom flight demonstrator to validate design tools and technologies that can be applied to low sonic boom commercial supersonic aircraft and support the development of a noise-based standard for supersonic overland flight; and
"(C) a flight research demonstrator to test the performance and feasibility of advanced, ultra-efficient and net-zero emissions aircraft concepts and configurations.
"(2)
"(A) include the development of experimental aircraft and all necessary supporting flight test assets;
"(B) pursue a robust technology maturation and flight test validation effort;
"(C) improve necessary facilities, flight testing capabilities, and computational tools to support the demonstration;
"(D) award any primary contracts for design, procurement, and manufacturing to United States persons, consistent with international obligations and commitments; and
"(E) coordinate research and flight test demonstration activities with other Federal agencies and the United States aviation community, as the Administrator considers appropriate.
"(3)
"(A) a United States citizen or an alien lawfully admitted for permanent residence to the United States; or
"(B) an entity organized under the laws of the United States or of any jurisdiction within the United States, including a foreign branch of such an entity.
"(d)
"(e)
"(1)
"(A) to develop—
"(i) new materials, including composite and high-temperature materials, from base material formulation through full-scale structural validation and manufacture;
"(ii) advanced materials and manufacturing processes, including additive manufacturing, to reduce the cost of manufacturing scale-up and certification for use in aeronautics; and
"(iii) noninvasive or nondestructive techniques for testing or evaluating aviation and aeronautics structures, including for materials and manufacturing processes;
"(B) to reduce the time it takes to design, industrialize, and certify advanced materials and manufacturing processes;
"(C) to provide education and training opportunities for the aerospace workforce; and
"(D) to address global cost and human capital competitiveness for United States aeronautical industries and technological leadership in advanced materials and manufacturing technology.
"(2)
"(A) build on work that was carried out by the Advanced Composites Project of the Administration;
"(B) partner with the private and academic sectors, such as members of the Advanced Composites Consortium of the Administration, the Joint Advanced Materials and Structures Center of Excellence of the Federal Aviation Administration, the Manufacturing USA institutes of the Department of Commerce, and national laboratories, as the Administrator considers appropriate;
"(C) provide a structure for managing intellectual property generated by the program based on or consistent with the structure established for the Advanced Composites Consortium of the Administration;
"(D) ensure adequate Federal cost share for applicable research; and
"(E) coordinate with advanced manufacturing and composites initiatives in other mission directorates of the Administration, as the Administrator considers appropriate.
"(f)
"(1) academia; and
"(2) commercial aviation and aerospace manufacturers."
[For definition of "Manufacturing USA institute" as used in section 10831 of
Executive Documents
Ex. Ord. No. 13419. National Aeronautics Research and Development
Ex. Ord. No. 13419, Dec. 20, 2006, 71 F.R. 77565, provided:
By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and the laws of the United States of America, including section 204 of the National Science and Technology Policy, Organization, and Priorities Act of 1976, as amended (
(a) review the funding and activities of the Federal Government relating to aeronautics R&D;
(b) recommend to the President, the Director of the Office of Management and Budget, and the heads of executive departments and agencies, as appropriate, such actions with respect to funding and activities of the Federal Government relating to aeronautics R&D as may be necessary to
(i) advance United States technological leadership in aeronautics;
(ii) support innovative research leading to significant advances in aeronautical concepts, technologies, and capabilities;
(iii) pursue and develop advanced aeronautics concepts and technologies, including those for advanced aircraft systems and air transportation management systems, to benefit America's security and effective and efficient national airspace management;
(iv) maintain and advance United States aeronautics research, development, test and evaluation infrastructure to provide effective experimental and computational capabilities in support of aeronautics R&D;
(v) facilitate the educational development of the future aeronautics workforce as needed to further Federal Government interests;
(vi) enhance coordination and communication among executive departments and agencies to maximize the effectiveness of Federal Government R&D resources; and
(vii) ensure appropriate Federal Government coordination with State, territorial, tribal, local, and foreign governments, international organizations, academic and research institutions, private organizations, and other entities.
(a) develop and, not later than 1 year after the date of this order, submit for approval by the President a plan for national aeronautics R&D and for related infrastructure, (the "plan"), and thereafter submit, not less often than biennially, to the President for approval any changes to the plan;
(b) monitor and report to the President as appropriate on the implementation of the approved plan;
(c) ensure that executive departments and agencies conducting aeronautics R&D:
(i) obtain and exchange information and advice, as appropriate, from organizations and individuals outside the Federal Government in support of Federal Government planning and performance of aeronautics R&D;
(ii) develop and implement, as appropriate, measures for improving dissemination of R&D results and facilitating technology transition from R&D to applications; and
(iii) identify and promote innovative policies and approaches that complement and enhance Federal Government aeronautics R&D investment; and
(d) report to the President on the results of the efforts of executive departments and agencies to implement paragraphs (c)(i) through (iii) of this section.
(i) obtain as appropriate the assistance of the National Science and Technology Council in the performance of the Director's functions under this order, consistent with Executive Order 12881 of November 23, 1993, as amended;
(ii) coordinate as appropriate with the Director of the Office of Management and Budget; and
(iii) obtain information and advice from all sources as appropriate, including individuals associated with academic and research institutions and private organizations.
(b) The functions of the President under subsection (c) of section 101 of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2005, except the function of designation, are assigned to the Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy. In performing these assigned functions, the Director shall, as appropriate, consult the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, the Secretary of Defense, the Secretary of Transportation, the Director of the Office of Management and Budget, and other heads of executive departments and agencies as appropriate. The Director also shall ensure that all actions taken in the performance of such functions are consistent with the authority set forth in subsections (a) through (d) of section 6 of Executive Order 13346 of July 8, 2004.
(c) This order shall be implemented in a manner consistent with:
(i) applicable law, including section 102A(i) of the National Security Act of 1947, as amended ([former] 50 U.S.C. 403–1(i)) [now
(ii) statutory authority of the principal officers of executive departments and agencies as the heads of their respective departments and agencies.
(d) This order shall not be construed to impair or otherwise affect the functions of the Director of the Office of Management and Budget relating to budget, administrative, and legislative proposals.
(e) This order is not intended to, and does not, create any rights or benefits, substantive or procedural, enforceable at law or in equity by a party against the United States, its departments, agencies, instrumentalities, or entities, its officers, employees, or agents, or any other person.
George W. Bush.
§40103. Cooperation with other agencies on aeronautics activities
The Administrator shall coordinate, as appropriate, the Administration's aeronautics activities with relevant programs in the Department of Transportation, the Department of Defense, the Department of Commerce, and the Department of Homeland Security, including the activities of the Next Generation Air Transportation System Joint Planning and Development Office established under section 709 of the Vision 100—Century of Aviation Reauthorization Act (
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 40103 |
The words "Next Generation Air Transportation System" are inserted before "Joint Planning and Development Office" for consistency with section 709 of the Vision 100—Century of Aviation Reauthorization Act (
§40104. Cooperation among Mission Directorates
Research and development activities performed by the Aeronautics Research Mission Directorate with the primary objective of assisting in the development of a flight project in another Mission Directorate shall be funded by the Mission Directorate seeking assistance.
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 40104 |
SUBCHAPTER II—HIGH PRIORITY AERONAUTICS RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS
§40111. Fundamental research program
(a)
(b)
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 40111 |
§40112. Research and technology programs
(a)
(b)
(1)
(A) to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from aviation, including carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides, other greenhouse gases, water vapor, black carbon and sulfate aerosols, and increased cloudiness due to contrail formation;
(B) to reduce aviation noise emissions; and
(C) to enable associated aircraft performance characteristics.
(2)
(A) to ensure United States leadership in research and technology innovation leading to substantial reductions in aviation noise and greenhouse gas emissions;
(B) to enhance and expand basic research, and the translation of basic research into applications, that may lead to transformational advances in reducing aviation noise and greenhouse gas emissions;
(C) to accelerate research and development that contributes to maturing new technologies for reducing aircraft noise and greenhouse gas emissions; and
(D) to obtain and disseminate associated testing and performance data that facilitates the incorporation of new technologies into commercial aircraft development as soon as practicable.
(3)
(A) as soon as practicable, a reduction of greenhouse gas emissions from new aircraft by at least 50 percent, as compared to the highest-performing aircraft technologies in service as of December 31, 2021;
(B) noise levels from aircraft throughout all phases of flight that do not exceed ambient noise levels in the absence of flight operations in the vicinity of the flight route;
(C) net-zero greenhouse gas emissions from aircraft by 2050; and
(D) demonstration of new technologies developed pursuant to such initiative on—
(i) regional aircraft intended to enter into service by 2030; and
(ii) single-aisle aircraft designed to accommodate more than 125 passengers intended to enter into service by 2040.
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
(1)
(2)
(g)
(1)
(2)
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 40112(a) | ||
| 40112(b) | ||
| 40112(c) | ||
| 40112(d) | ||
| 40112(e) | ||
| 40112(f) |
Editorial Notes
Amendments
2022—Subsecs. (b) to (g).
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
Technology Focus Areas, Implementation, and Annual Report for the Research and Development Initiative
"(b)
"(1) advanced subsonic propulsion technology, design, and integration;
"(2) electric and hybrid-electric propulsion, including battery electric and hydrogen fuel cell electric systems;
"(3) airframe concepts and configurations;
"(4) analysis of technology options, including cost-benefit analysis of greenhouse gas and noise emissions reduction technologies;
"(5) analytical tools for system-level and system-of-systems-level modeling and integration;
"(6) airspace operations improvements;
"(7) noise emissions reduction; and
"(8) any other effort, as determined by the [National Aeronautics and Space] Administration, that contributes to a sustainable future for aviation.
"(c)
"(1) ensure that testing and performance data integrates the results of community acceptance surveys conducted by the Federal Aviation Administration and other relevant studies, including studies on the impacts of new noise effects from novel propulsion systems and from airspace operations changes;
"(2) provide testing and performance data on the technologies described in subsection (b) of this section to the Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration to facilitate the work of the Federal Aviation Administration in identifying new requirements for policy, infrastructure, and administrative capacity necessary to enable the safe integration of such technologies on aircraft;
"(3) pursue partnerships with organizations, current commercial production aircraft providers, academic institutions, small businesses, and new entrants, including partnerships to advance research and development activities related to both regional aircraft and aircraft designed to accommodate more than 125 passengers;
"(4) include universities, academic institutions, and other research organizations in the partnerships described in paragraph (3);
"(5) expand basic research;
"(6) ensure equity in research sponsorship of, and partnership opportunities with, underrepresented students, faculty, and minority-serving-institutions [sic];
"(7) continue to coordinate with the Secretary of Energy on battery technology research;
"(8) make available the research and development carried out under the initiative established under subsection (b) of
"(9) continue to support research, development, and demonstration of aircraft concepts, including systems architecture, materials and components, integration of systems and airframe structures, human factors, airspace planning and operations, and the integration of related advanced technologies and concepts, with the goal of carrying out test flights with integrated subsystems by 2025.
"(d)
"(1) the status of progress on such initiative;
"(2) an updated, anticipated timeframe for readiness of technologies and aircraft to be adopted by industry with the emissions reduction levels directed under that subsection; and
"(3) an identification of fundamental aeronautics research activities contributing to achieving the goals and objectives of such initiative, as described in paragraphs (2) and (3) of that subsection, and a description of any obstacles to achieving such goals and objectives."
[For definition of "minority-serving institution" as used in section 10833(b)–(d) of
National Aero-Space Plane Program
"(a)
"(b)
"(1) The Secretary and the Adminstrator [sic] shall jointly develop a management plan for the program established under subsection (a), which shall include goals, major tasks, anticipated schedules, organizational structure, funding profiles, details of the respective responsibilities of the Secretary and the Administrator, and resource procurement strategies.
"(2) The management plan developed pursuant to paragraph (1) shall be submitted to the Congress within 120 days after the date of enactment of this Act [Nov. 16, 1990]."
[
§40113. Airspace systems research
(a)
(b)
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 40113 |
In subsection (b), the date "December 30, 2005" is substituted for "the date of enactment of this Act" to reflect the date of enactment of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2005 (
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
Unmanned Aircraft Systems
"(a)
"(1) research and test capabilities and concepts, including unmanned aircraft systems communications, for integrating unmanned aircraft systems into the national airspace system;
"(2) leverage the partnership NASA [National Aeronautics and Space Administration] has with industry focused on the advancement of technologies for future air traffic management systems for unmanned aircraft systems; and
"(3) continue to leverage the research and testing portfolio of NASA to inform the integration of unmanned aircraft systems into the national airspace system, consistent with public safety and national security objectives.
"(b)
"(1) NASA should continue—
"(A) to coordinate with the Federal Aviation Administration on research on air traffic management systems for unmanned aircraft systems; and
"(B) to assist the Federal Aviation Administration in the integration of air traffic management systems for unmanned aircraft systems into the national airspace system; and
"(2) the test ranges (as defined in
"(A) air traffic management systems for unmanned aircraft systems; and
"(B) the integration of such systems into the national airspace system."
[For definition of "unmanned aircraft system" as used in section 10832 of
§40114. Aviation safety and security research
(a)
(b)
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 40114 |
In subsection (b), the date "December 30, 2005" is substituted for "the date of enactment of this Act" to reflect the date of enactment of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2005 (
§40115. Aviation weather research
The Administrator may carry out a program of collaborative research with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration on convective weather events, with the goal of significantly improving the reliability of 2-hour to 6-hour aviation weather forecasts.
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 40115 |
§40116. University-based Centers for Research on Aviation Training
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(1) satisfactory performance in meeting the goals of the research plan proposed in the application submitted under subsection (c); and
(2) other requirements as specified by the Administrator.
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 40116 |
In subsection (b), the words "Centers for Research on Aviation Training" are substituted for "Centers" for clarity. There are references to both "Centers for Research on Aviation Training" and "Administration Centers" in subsection (a).
In subsection (d)(1), the words "proposed in the application submitted under subsection (c)" are substituted for "proposed by the Center in its application under subsection (c)" for clarity. Under section (c), applications are filed by an institution of higher education (or a consortium of such institutions) seeking funding, and not by the Center for which such funding is sought.
SUBCHAPTER III—SCHOLARSHIPS
§40131. Aeronautics scholarships
(a)
(b)
(c)
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 40131 |
In subsection (b), the date "December 30, 2005" is substituted for "the date of enactment of this Act" to reflect the date of enactment of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2005 (
SUBCHAPTER IV—DATA REQUESTS
§40141. Aviation data requests
The Administrator shall make available upon request satellite imagery and aerial photography of remote terrain that the Administration owns at the time of the request to the Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration or the Director of the Five Star Medallion Program, to assist and train pilots in navigating challenging topographical features of such terrain.
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 40141 |
CHAPTER 403 —NATIONAL SPACE GRANT COLLEGE AND FELLOWSHIP PROGRAM
§40301. Purposes
The purposes of this chapter are to—
(1) increase the understanding, assessment, development, and utilization of space resources by promoting a strong educational base, responsive research and training activities, and broad and prompt dissemination of knowledge and techniques;
(2) utilize the abilities and talents of the universities of the Nation to support and contribute to the exploration and development of the resources and opportunities afforded by the space environment;
(3) encourage and support, within the university community of the Nation, the existence of interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary programs of space research that—
(A) engage in integrated activities of training, research, and public service;
(B) have cooperative programs with industry; and
(C) are coordinated with the overall program of the Administration;
(4) encourage and support the existence of consortia, made up of university and industry members, in order to advance the exploration and development of space resources in cases in which national objectives can be better fulfilled through such consortia than through the programs of single universities;
(5) encourage and support Federal funding for graduate fellowships in fields related to space; and
(6) support activities in colleges and universities generally for the purpose of creating and operating a network of institutional programs that will enhance achievements resulting from efforts under this chapter.
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 40301 |
In paragraph (3), the word "that" is substituted for ", to" for clarity.
In paragraph (4), the words "in order to" are substituted for "to", and the words "through such consortia" are added, for clarity.
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
Congressional Statement of Findings
"(1) the vitality of the Nation and the quality of life of the citizens of the Nation depend increasingly on the understanding, assessment, development, and utilization of space resources;
"(2) research and development of space science, space technology, and space commercialization will contribute to the quality of life, national security, and the enhancement of commerce;
"(3) the understanding and development of the space frontiers require a broad commitment and an intense involvement on the part of the Federal Government in partnership with State and local governments, private industry, universities, organizations, and individuals concerned with the exploration and utilization of space;
"(4) the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, through the national space grant college and fellowship program, offers the most suitable means for such commitment and involvement through the promotion of activities that will result in greater understanding, assessment, development, and utilization; and
"(5) Federal support of the establishment, development, and operation of programs and projects by space grant colleges, space grant regional consortia, institutions of higher education, institutes, laboratories, and other appropriate public and private entities is the most cost-effective way to promote such activities."
[For definition of terms used in section 202 of
§40302. Definitions
In this chapter:
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(A) is administered by any space grant college, space grant regional consortium, institution of higher education, institute, laboratory, or State or local agency; and
(B) includes 2 or more projects involving education and one or more of the following activities in the fields related to space:
(i) Research.
(ii) Training.
(iii) Advisory services.
(8)
(9)
(A) aeronautical and space activities; or
(B) advancements in any field related to space.
(10)
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 40302 |
The definitions of "Administration" and "Administrator" in section 204 of the National Space Grant College and Fellowship Act (
§40303. National space grant college and fellowship program
(a)
(b)
(1) apply the long-range planning guidelines and the priorities established by the Administrator under subsection (a);
(2) advise the Administrator with respect to the expertise and capabilities which are available through the national space grant college and fellowship program, and make such expertise available to the Administration as directed by the Administrator;
(3) evaluate activities conducted under grants and contracts awarded pursuant to
(4) encourage other Federal departments, agencies, and instrumentalities to use and take advantage of the expertise and capabilities which are available through the national space grant college and fellowship program, on a cooperative or other basis;
(5) encourage cooperation and coordination with other Federal programs concerned with the development of space resources and fields related to space;
(6) advise the Administrator on the designation of recipients supported by the national space grant college and fellowship program and, in appropriate cases, on the termination or suspension of any such designation; and
(7) encourage the formation and growth of space grant and fellowship programs.
(c)
(1) accept conditional or unconditional gifts or donations of services, money, or property, real, personal or mixed, tangible or intangible;
(2) accept and use funds from other Federal departments, agencies, and instrumentalities to pay for fellowships, grants, contracts, and other transactions; and
(3) issue such rules and regulations as may be necessary and appropriate.
(d)
(1) shall maximize appropriated funds for grants and contracts made under section 40304 in each fiscal year; and
(2) in each fiscal year, the Administrator shall limit its program administration costs to no more than 5 percent of funds appropriated for this program for that fiscal year.
(e)
(1) a description of why the Administrator did not meet the cost target under subsection (d); and
(2) the measures the Administrator will take in the next fiscal year to meet the cost target under subsection (d) without drawing upon other Federal funding.
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 40303 |
Editorial Notes
Amendments
2017—Subsecs. (d), (e).
§40304. Grants or contracts
(a)
(b)
(1) no reasonable means is available through which the applicant can meet the matching requirement for a grant under subsection (a);
(2) the probable benefit of the project outweighs the public interest in the matching requirement; and
(3) the same or equivalent benefit cannot be obtained through the award of a contract or grant under subsection (a) or
(c)
(d)
(1)
(2)
(A) the purchase of any land;
(B) the purchase, construction, preservation, or repair of any building; or
(C) the purchase or construction of any launch facility or launch vehicle.
(3)
(4)
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 40304 |
In subsection (a), the words "not more than 66 percent" are substituted for "66 percent, or any lesser percent", and the word "except" is substituted for "except that this limitation shall not apply", for clarity and to eliminate unnecessary words.
In subsection (b), the words "up to 100 percent" are substituted for "100 percent, or any lesser percent" to eliminate unnecessary words.
§40305. Specific national needs
(a)
(b)
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 40305 |
In subsection (a), the words "up to 100 percent" are substituted for "100 percent, or any lesser percent" to eliminate unnecessary words.
§40306. Space grant college and space grant regional consortium
(a)
(1)
(A) any institution of higher education as a space grant college; and
(B) any association or other alliance of 2 or more persons, other than individuals, as a space grant regional consortium.
(2)
(A) is maintaining a balanced program of research, education, training, and advisory services in fields related to space;
(B) will act in accordance with such guidelines as are prescribed under subsection (b)(2); and
(C) meets such other qualifications as the Administrator considers necessary or appropriate.
(3)
(A) is established for the purpose of sharing expertise, research, educational facilities or training facilities, and other capabilities in order to facilitate research, education, training, and advisory services in any field related to space;
(B) will encourage and follow a regional approach to solving problems or meeting needs relating to space, in cooperation with appropriate space grant colleges, space grant programs, and other persons in the region;
(C) will act in accordance with such guidelines as are prescribed under subsection (b)(2); and
(D) meets such other qualifications as the Administrator considers necessary or appropriate.
(b)
(1) the qualifications required to be met under paragraphs (2)(C) and (3)(D) of subsection (a); and
(2) guidelines relating to the activities and responsibilities of space grant colleges and space grant regional consortia.
(c)
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 40306 |
§40307. Space grant fellowship program
(a)
(b)
(c)
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 40307 |
§40308. Space grant review panel
(a)
(b)
(1) applications or proposals for, and performance under, grants and contracts awarded pursuant to
(2) the space grant fellowship program;
(3) the designation and operation of space grant colleges and space grant regional consortia, and the operation of space grant and fellowship programs;
(4) the formulation and application of the planning guidelines and priorities pursuant to subsections (a) and (b)(1) of
(5) such other matters as the Administrator refers to the panel for review and advice.
(c)
(d)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 40308 |
In subsection (a), the word "provisions" is substituted for "provisons" to correct an error in the law.
Editorial Notes
Amendments
2022—Subsec. (a).
§40309. Availability of other Federal personnel and data
Each department, agency, or other instrumentality of the Federal Government that is engaged in or concerned with, or that has authority over, matters relating to space—
(1) may, upon a written request from the Administrator, make available, on a reimbursable basis or otherwise, any personnel (with their consent and without prejudice to their position and rating), service, or facility which the Administrator considers necessary to carry out any provision of this chapter;
(2) may, upon a written request from the Administrator, furnish any available data or other information which the Administrator considers necessary to carry out any provision of this chapter; and
(3) may cooperate with the Administration.
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 40309 |
§40310. Designation or award to be on competitive basis
The Administrator shall not under this chapter designate any space grant college or space grant regional consortium or award any fellowship, grant, or contract unless such designation or award is made in accordance with the competitive, merit-based review process employed by the Administration on October 30, 1987.
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 40310 |
The date "October 30, 1987" is substituted for "the date of enactment of this Act" to reflect the date of enactment of the National Space Grant College and Fellowship Act, which is title II of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 1988 (
§40311. Continuing emphasis
The Administration shall continue its emphasis on the importance of education to expand opportunities for Americans to understand and participate in the Administration's aeronautics and space projects by supporting and enhancing science and engineering education, research, and public outreach efforts.
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 40311 |
CHAPTER 405 —BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH IN SPACE
§40501. Biomedical research joint working group
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 40501 |
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
Findings
"(1) the space program can make significant contributions to selected areas of health-related research and should be an integral part of the Nation's health research and development program;
"(2) the continuing development of trained scientists and engineers is essential to carrying out an effective and sustained program of biomedical research in space and on the ground;
"(3) the establishment and maintenance of an electronically accessible archive of data on space-related biomedical research is essential to advancement of the field;
"(4) cooperation with the republics of the former Soviet Union, including use of former Soviet orbital facilities, offers the potential for greatly enhanced biomedical research activities and progress; and
"(5) the establishment and maintenance of an international telemedicine consultation satellite capability to support emergency medical service provision can provide an important aid to disaster relief efforts."
§40502. Biomedical research grants
(a)
(b)
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 40502 |
§40503. Biomedical research fellowships
The Administrator and the Director of the National Institutes of Health shall create a joint program of graduate research fellowships in biomedical research described in
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 40503 |
§40504. Establishment of electronic data archive
The Administrator shall create and maintain a national electronic data archive for biomedical research data obtained from space-based experiments.
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 40504 |
§40505. Establishment of emergency medical service telemedicine capability
The Administrator, the Administrator of the Federal Emergency Management Agency, the Director of the Office of Foreign Disaster Assistance, and the Surgeon General of the United States shall jointly create and maintain an international telemedicine satellite consultation capability to support emergency medical services in disaster-stricken areas.
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 40505 |
The words "Office of Foreign Disaster Assistance" are substituted for "Office of Foreign Disaster" to correct an error in the law.
CHAPTER 407 —ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY AIRCRAFT
§40701. Research and development initiative
The Administrator may establish an initiative with the objective of developing, and demonstrating in a relevant environment, technologies to enable the following commercial aircraft performance characteristics:
(1)
(2)
(3)
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 40701 |
In paragraphs (2) and (3), the date "December 30, 2005" is substituted for "the date of enactment of this Act" to reflect the date of enactment of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2005 (
§40702. Additional research and development initiative
The Administrator shall establish an initiative involving the Administration, universities, industry, and other research organizations as appropriate, of research, development, and demonstration, in a relevant environment, of technologies to enable the following commercial aircraft performance characteristics:
(1)
(2)
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 40702 |
In paragraphs (1) and (2), the date "October 15, 2008" is substituted for "the date of enactment of this Act" to reflect the date of enactment of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2008 (
§40703. Research alignment
In addition to pursuing the research and development initiative described in
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 40703 |
§40704. Research program on perceived impact of sonic booms
(a)
(b)
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 40704(a) | ||
| 40704(b) |
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
Purpose
CHAPTER 409 —MISCELLANEOUS
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
Cybersecurity in STEM Programs of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration
NASA Internship and Fellowship Opportunities
Education and Outreach
"(a)
"(1) United States competitiveness in the 21st century requires engaging the science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (referred to in this section as 'STEM') talent in all States;
"(2) the [National Aeronautics and Space] Administration is uniquely positioned to educate and inspire students and the broader public on STEM subjects and careers;
"(3) the Administration's Education and Communication Offices, Mission Directorates, and Centers have been effective in delivering educational content because of the strong engagement of Administration scientists and engineers in the Administration's education and outreach activities;
"(4) the Administration's education and outreach programs, including the Experimental Program to Stimulate Competitive Research (EPSCoR) and the Space Grant College and Fellowship Program, reflect the Administration's successful commitment to growing and diversifying the national science and engineering workforce; and
"(5) in order to grow and diversify the Nation's engineering workforce, it is vital for the Administration to bolster programs, such as High Schools United with NASA to Create Hardware (HUNCH) program, that conduct outreach activities to underserved rural communities, vocational schools, and tribal colleges and universities and encourage new participation in the STEM workforce.
"(b)
"(1)
"(2)
Inspiring the Next Space Pioneers, Innovators, Researchers, and Explorers (INSPIRE) Women
"SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.
"This Act may be cited as the 'Inspiring the Next Space Pioneers, Innovators, Researchers, and Explorers (INSPIRE) Women Act'.
"SEC. 2. FINDINGS.
"The Congress finds that—
"(1) NASA GIRLS and NASA BOYS are virtual mentoring programs using commercially available video chat programs to pair National Aeronautics and Space Administration mentors with young students anywhere in the country. NASA GIRLS and NASA BOYS give young students the opportunity to interact and learn from real engineers, scientists, and technologists.
"(2) The Aspire to Inspire (A2I) program engages young girls to present science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) career opportunities through the real lives and jobs of early career women at NASA.
"(3) The Summer Institute in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Research (SISTER) program at the Goddard Space Flight Center is designed to increase awareness of, and provide an opportunity for, female middle school students to be exposed to and explore nontraditional career fields with Goddard Space Flight Center women engineers, mathematicians, scientists, technicians, and researchers.
"SEC. 3. SUPPORTING WOMEN'S INVOLVEMENT IN THE FIELDS OF AEROSPACE AND SPACE EXPLORATION.
"The Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration shall encourage women and girls to study science, technology, engineering, and mathematics, pursue careers in aerospace, and further advance the Nation's space science and exploration efforts through support of the following initiatives:
"(1) NASA GIRLS and NASA BOYS.
"(2) Aspire to Inspire.
"(3) Summer Institute in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Research.
"SEC. 4. PLAN.
"Not later than 90 days after the date of enactment of this Act [Feb. 28, 2017], the Administrator shall submit to the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate a plan for how NASA can best facilitate and support both current and retired astronauts, scientists, engineers, and innovators, including early career female astronauts, scientists, engineers, and innovators, to engage with K–12 female STEM students and inspire the next generation of women to consider participating in the fields of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics and to pursue careers in aerospace. This plan shall—
"(1) report on existing activities with current and retired NASA astronauts, scientists, engineers, and innovators;
"(2) identify how NASA could best leverage existing authorities to facilitate and support current and retired astronaut, scientist, engineer, and innovator participation in NASA outreach efforts;
"(3) propose and describe a program specific to retired astronauts, scientists, engineers, and innovators; and
"(4) identify any additional authorities necessary to institute such a program."
NASA's Contribution to Education
"(a)
"(b)
"(1) to carry out and support research based programs and activities designed to increase student interest and participation in STEM, including students from minority and underrepresented groups;
"(2) to improve public literacy in STEM;
"(3) that employ proven strategies and methods for improving student learning and teaching in STEM;
"(4) to provide curriculum support materials and other resources that—
"(A) are designed to be integrated with comprehensive STEM education;
"(B) are aligned with national science education standards;
"(C) promote the adoption and implementation of high-quality education practices that build toward college and career-readiness; and
"(5) to create and support opportunities for enhanced and ongoing professional development for teachers using best practices that improve the STEM content and knowledge of the teachers, including through programs linking STEM teachers with STEM educators at the higher education level."
[For definition of "STEM" as used in section 202 of
Reports
"(a)
"(1)
"(2)
"(B) Not later than three years after the date of enactment of this Act [Dec. 30, 2005], the Administrator shall transmit to the Committee on Science of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate an assessment of the impact of the national awareness campaign.
"(b)
"(1) the expected cost of the Crew Exploration Vehicle through fiscal year 2020, based on the public specifications for that development contract; and
"(2) the expected budgets for each fiscal year through 2020 for human spaceflight, aeronautics, space science, and earth science—
"(A) first assuming inflationary growth for the budget of NASA as a whole and including costs for the Crew Exploration Vehicle as projected under paragraph (1); and
"(B) then assuming inflationary growth for the budget of NASA as a whole and including at least two cost estimates for the Crew Exploration Vehicle that are higher than those projected under paragraph (1), based on NASA's past experience with cost increases for similar programs, along with a description of the reasons for selecting the cost estimates used for the calculations under this subparagraph and the confidence level for each of the cost estimates used in this section.
"(c)
"(1)
"(A) Projected Deep Space Network requirements for the next 20 years, including those in support of human space exploration missions.
"(B) Upgrades needed to support Deep Space Network requirements.
"(C) Cost estimates for the maintenance of existing Deep Space Network capabilities.
"(D) Cost estimates and schedules for the upgrades described in subparagraph (B).
"(E) Projected Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System requirements for the next 20 years, including those in support of other relevant Federal agencies.
"(F) Cost and schedule estimates to maintain and upgrade the Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System to meet projected requirements.
"(2)
"(3)
"(d)
"(e)
"(1)
"(A) if any research and development programs of NASA are unnecessarily duplicating aspects of programs of other Federal agencies; and
"(B) if any research and development programs of NASA are neglecting any topics of national interest that are related to the mission of NASA.
"(2)
"(A) describes the results of the study under paragraph (1);
"(B) lists the research and development programs of Federal agencies other than NASA that were reviewed as part of the study, which shall include any program supporting research and development in an area related to the programs of NASA, and the most recent budget figures for those programs of other agencies;
"(C) recommends any changes to the research and development programs of NASA that should be made in response to the findings of the study required by paragraph (1); and
"(D) describes mechanisms the Office of Science and Technology Policy will use to ensure adequate coordination between NASA and Federal agencies that operate related programs.
"(3)
Review of MUST Program
Denial of Financial Assistance to Campus Disrupters
1 Section catchline amended by
§40901. Science, Space, and Technology Education Trust Fund
There is appropriated, by transfer from funds appropriated in the Department of Housing and Urban Development—Independent Agencies Appropriations Act, 1989 (
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 40901 |
In the first sentence, the words "the Department of Housing and Urban Development—Independent Agencies Appropriations Act, 1989 (
In the second sentence, the words "of the Treasury" are inserted after "the Secretary" for clarity.
In the sixth sentence, the word "hereafter", which appeared after "each calendar quarter", is omitted as unnecessary.
§40902. National Aeronautics and Space Administration Endeavor Teacher Fellowship Trust Fund
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 40902 |
In subsection (a), the words "The Trust Fund shall consist of amounts" are substituted for "The Trust Fund shall consist of gifts and donations accepted by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration pursuant to section 208 of the National Aeronautics and Space Act of 1958 (
Editorial Notes
Amendments
2011—Subsec. (d).
§40903. Established Program to Stimulate Competitive Research—merit grant competition requirements
(a)
(b)
(1) the application's merit and relevance to the mission of the Administration;
(2) the potential for the grant to serve as a catalyst to enhance the ability of researchers in the State to become more competitive for regular Administration funding;
(3) the potential for the grant to improve the environment for science, mathematics, and engineering education in the State; and
(4) the need to ensure the maximum distribution of grants among eligible States, consistent with merit.
(c)
(d)
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 40903(a) | ||
| 40903(b) | ||
| 40903(c) | ||
| 40903(d) |
In subsection (d) the words "eligible States" are substituted for "EPSCoR States" for clarity and consistency in the section.
Editorial Notes
Amendments
2022—
Subsec. (a).
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
Congressional Findings and Policy
"SEC. 301. SHORT TITLE.
"This title [see Tables for classification] may be cited as the 'Experimental Program to Stimulate Competitive Research on Space and Aeronautics Act'.
"SEC. 302. FINDINGS.
"Congress finds that—
"(1) the report of the Advisory Committee on the Future of the United States Space Program has provided a framework within which a consensus on the goals of the space program can be developed;
"(2) the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's space science and applications, aeronautical research and technology, and space research and technology programs will serve as the fulcrum for future initiatives by the United States in civil space and aviation;
"(3) colleges and universities in many States are currently not able to compete successfully for research grants awarded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration through its space science and applications, aeronautical research and technology, and space research and technology programs;
"(4) balanced programs of space science and applications, aeronautical research and technology, and space research and technology should include initiatives designed to foster competitive research capacity in all geographic areas of the Nation; and
"(5) by strengthening the competitive research capacity in those geographic areas of the Nation which are not currently fully competitive, the education and training of scientists and engineers important to the future of the United States civil space and aviation programs will be fostered.
"SEC. 303. POLICY.
"It is the policy of the United States that—
"(1) the Administrator [of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration], in planning for national programs in space science and applications, aeronautical research, space flight, and exploration, should ensure the resilience of the space and aeronautics research infrastructure;
"(2) a stable and balanced program of space science and applications, aeronautical research and technology, and space research and technology should include programs to assure that geographic areas of the United States that currently do not successfully participate in competitive space and aeronautical research activities are enabled to become more competitive; and
"(3) programs to improve competitive capabilities should be a part of the research and the educational activities of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration."
§40904. Microgravity research
The Administrator shall—
(1) ensure the capacity to support ground-based research leading to space-based basic and applied scientific research in a variety of disciplines with potential direct national benefits and applications that can be advanced significantly from the uniqueness of microgravity and the space environment; and
(2) carry out, to the maximum extent practicable, basic, applied, and commercial International Space Station research in fields such as molecular crystal growth, animal research, basic fluid physics, combustion research, cellular biotechnology, low-temperature physics, and cellular research at a level that will sustain the existing United States scientific expertise and research capability in microgravity research.
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 40904(1) | ||
| 40904(2) |
§40905. Program to expand distance learning in rural underserved areas
(a)
(b)
(1) that utilize community-based partnerships in the field;
(2) that build and maintain video conference and exhibit capacity;
(3) that travel directly to rural communities and serve low-income populations; and
(4) with a special emphasis on increasing the number of women and minorities in the science and engineering professions.
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 40905 |
§40906. Equal access to the Administration's education programs
(a)
(b)
(1) data on minority participation in the Administration's education programs, at a minimum in the categories of—
(A) elementary and secondary education;
(B) undergraduate education; and
(C) graduate education; and
(2) the total value of grants the Administration made to Historically Black Colleges and Universities and to Hispanic Serving Institutions through education programs during the period covered by the report.
(c)
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 40906 |
In subsection (b), in the matter before paragraph (1), the words "Every 2 years" are substituted for "Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act [December 30, 2005], and every 2 years thereafter" to eliminate obsolete language.
In subsection (b), in the matter before paragraph (1), the words "Committee on Science and Technology" are substituted for "Committee on Science" on authority of Rule X(1)(o) of the Rules of the House of Representatives, adopted by House Resolution No. 6 (110th Congress, January 5, 2007).
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
Change of Name
Committee on Science and Technology of House of Representatives changed to Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of House of Representatives by House Resolution No. 5, One Hundred Twelfth Congress, Jan. 5, 2011.
§40907. Museums
The Administrator may provide grants to, and enter into cooperative agreements with, museums and planetariums to enable them to enhance programs related to space exploration, aeronautics, space science, Earth science, or microgravity.
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 40907 |
§40908. Continuation of certain education programs
From amounts appropriated to the Administration for education programs, the Administrator shall ensure the continuation of the Space Grant Program, the Experimental Program to Stimulate Competitive Research, and, consistent with the results of the review under section 614 of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2005 (
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 40908 |
Editorial Notes
References in Text
Section 614 of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2005, referred to in text, was classified to former
§40909. Compliance with title IX of Education Amendments of 1972
To comply with title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972 (
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 40909 |
Editorial Notes
References in Text
The Education Amendments of 1972, referred to in text, is