Subtitle I—Patriotic and National Observances and Ceremonies
Editorial Notes
Amendments
2014—
2004—
Part A—Observances and Ceremonies
CHAPTER 1 —PATRIOTIC AND NATIONAL OBSERVANCES
Editorial Notes
Amendments
2023—
2022—
2021—
2016—
2004—
2001—
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
Route 66 Centennial Commission
"SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.
"This Act may be cited as the 'Route 66 Centennial Commission Act'.
"SEC. 2. FINDINGS.
"Congress finds that—
"(1) Route 66 was the first all-weather highway in the United States connecting the Midwest to California, and has played a major role in the history of the United States;
"(2) Route 66 has become a symbol of the heritage of travel and the legacy of seeking a better life shared by the people of the United States, and has been enshrined in the popular culture of the United States; and
"(3) the year 2026 will be the centennial anniversary of Route 66, and a commission should be established to study and recommend in a report to Congress activities that are fitting and proper to celebrate that anniversary in a manner that appropriately honors the Mother Road of the United States.
"SEC. 3. ESTABLISHMENT.
"There is established a commission to be known as the 'Route 66 Centennial Commission' (referred to in this Act as the 'Commission').
"SEC. 4. DUTIES.
"The Commission shall—
"(1) study activities that may be carried out by the Federal Government to determine whether the activities are fitting and proper to honor Route 66 on the occasion of the centennial anniversary of Route 66, including activities such as—
"(A) the issuance of commemorative coins, medals, certificates of recognition, and postage stamps;
"(B) ceremonies and celebrations commemorating specific events; and
"(C) the production, publication, and distribution of books, pamphlets, films, electronic publications, and other educational materials; and
"(2) recommend to Congress—
"(A) the activities that the Commission considers most fitting and proper to honor Route 66 on the occasion described in paragraph (1); and
"(B) 1 or more entities in the Federal Government that the Commission considers most appropriate to carry out those activities.
"SEC. 5. MEMBERSHIP.
"(a)
"(1) 3 members, each of whom shall be an eligible individual described in subsection (b), appointed by the President based on the recommendation of the Secretary of Transportation.
"(2) 1 member, who shall be an eligible individual described in subsection (b), appointed by the President based on the recommendation of the Governor of Illinois.
"(3) 1 member, who shall be an eligible individual described in subsection (b), appointed by the President based on the recommendation of the Governor of Missouri.
"(4) 1 member, who shall be an eligible individual described in subsection (b), appointed by the President based on the recommendation of the Governor of Kansas.
"(5) 1 member, who shall be an eligible individual described in subsection (b), appointed by the President based on the recommendation of the Governor of Oklahoma.
"(6) 1 member, who shall be an eligible individual described in subsection (b), appointed by the President based on the recommendation of the Governor of Texas.
"(7) 1 member, who shall be an eligible individual described in subsection (b), appointed by the President based on the recommendation of the Governor of New Mexico.
"(8) 1 member, who shall be an eligible individual described in subsection (b), appointed by the President based on the recommendation of the Governor of Arizona.
"(9) 1 member, who shall be an eligible individual described in subsection (b), appointed by the President based on the recommendation of the Governor of California.
"(10) 1 member, who shall be an eligible individual described in subsection (b), appointed by the President based on the recommendation of the Speaker of the House of Representatives.
"(11) 1 member, who shall be an eligible individual described in subsection (b), appointed by the President based on the recommendation of the Minority Leader of the House of Representatives.
"(12) 1 member, who shall be an eligible individual described in subsection (b), appointed by the President based on the recommendation of the Majority Leader of the Senate.
"(13) 1 member, who shall be an eligible individual described in subsection (b), appointed by the President based on the recommendation of the Minority Leader of the Senate.
"(b)
"(1) a demonstrated dedication to educating others about the importance of historical figures and events; and
"(2) substantial knowledge and appreciation of Route 66.
"(c)
"(d)
"(e)
"(f)
"(g)
"(h)
"(i)
"(j)
"SEC. 6. DIRECTOR AND STAFF.
"(a)
"(b)
"(1)
"(A) be appointed without regard to the provisions of
"(B) be paid without regard to the provisions of
"(2)
"(A) be appointed without regard to the provisions of
"(B) be paid without regard to the provisions of
"(c)
"(1) no Federal funds may be expended to compensate a Director or staff member of the Commission under this section; and
"(2) any compensation paid to a Director or any staff of the Commission appointed under this section shall be derived solely from donated funds.
"SEC. 7. POWERS.
"(a)
"(b)
"(c)
"(d)
"(1)
"(2)
"(A)
"(i)
"(ii)
"(iii)
"(B)
"(i) accept the services of personnel detailed from a State; and
"(ii) reimburse the State for the services of the detailed personnel.
"(e)
"(f)
"SEC. 8. REPORTS.
"(a)
"(b)
"(1) a detailed statement of the findings and conclusions of the Commission;
"(2) the recommendations of the Commission; and
"(3) any other information that the Commission considers to be appropriate.
"SEC. 9. TERMINATION.
"The Commission shall terminate on December 31, 2026.
"SEC. 10. EXPENDITURES OF COMMISSION.
"(a)
"(b)
American World War II Heritage Cities
"(a)
"(b)
"(1) establish and publicize the process by which a city may apply for designation as an American World War II Heritage City based on the criteria in subsection (c); and
"(2) encourage cities to apply for designation as an American World War II Heritage City.
"(c)
"(1) Contributions by a city and its environs to the World War II home-front war effort, including contributions related to—
"(A) defense manufacturing, such as ships, aircraft, uniforms, and equipment;
"(B) production of foodstuffs and consumer items for Armed Forces and home consumption;
"(C) war bond drives;
"(D) adaptations to wartime survival;
"(E) volunteer participation;
"(F) civil defense preparedness;
"(G) personnel serving in the Armed Forces, their achievements, and facilities for their rest and recreation; or
"(H) the presence of Armed Forces camps, bases, airfields, harbors, repair facilities, and other installations within or in its environs.
"(2) Achievements by a city and its environs to preserve the heritage and legacy of the city's contributions to the war effort and to preserve World War II history, including—
"(A) the identification, preservation, restoration, and interpretation of World War II-related structures, facilities and sites;
"(B) establishment of museums, parks, and markers;
"(C) establishment of memorials to area men who lost their lives in service;
"(D) organizing groups of veterans and home-front workers and their recognition;
"(E) presentation of cultural events such as dances, plays, and lectures;
"(F) public relations outreach through the print and electronic media, and books; and
"(G) recognition and ceremonies remembering wartime event anniversaries."
75th Anniversary of World War II Commemoration
"SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.
"This Act may be cited as the '75th Anniversary of World War II Commemoration Act'.
"SEC. 2. PROGRAM TO COMMEMORATE 75TH ANNIVERSARY OF WORLD WAR II.
"(a)
"(b)
"(1) To thank and honor veterans of World War II, including personnel who were held as prisoners of war or listed as missing in action, for their service and sacrifice on behalf of the United States and to thank and honor the families of these veterans.
"(2) To educate the public about the history of World War II and highlight the service of the Armed Forces during World War II and the contributions of Federal agencies and governmental and nongovernmental organizations that served with, or in support of, the Armed Forces.
"(3) To pay tribute to the contributions made on the home front by the people of the United States during World War II.
"(4) To recognize the contributions and sacrifices made by the allies of the United States during World War II.
"(5) To remember the Holocaust, the annihilation of 6,000,000 Jews by the Nazi regime, and to pay tribute to the Allied troops who liberated Nazi concentration camps during World War II.
"(c)
"(d)
"(1)
"(2)
"(3)
"(A) Amounts appropriated to the Fund.
"(B) Proceeds derived from the Secretary's use of the exclusive rights described in subsection (c).
"(C) Donations made in support of the commemorative program by private and corporate donors.
"(D) Funds transferred to the Fund by the Secretary from funds appropriated for fiscal year 2019 and subsequent years for the Department of Defense.
"(4)
"(A)
"(B)
"(5)
"(A) identify and explain any amounts expended for the commemorative program in the fiscal year preceding the budget request;
"(B) identify and explain the amounts being requested to support the commemorative program for the fiscal year of the budget request; and
"(C) present a summary of the fiscal status of the Fund.
"(e)
"(1)
"(2)
"(f)
"(g)
"(1)
"(A) all of the funds deposited into and expended from the Fund;
"(B) any other funds expended under this section; and
"(C) any unobligated funds remaining in the Fund.
"(2)
"(h)
"(i)
"(1)
"(2)
400 Years of African-American History Commission
"SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.
"This Act may be cited as the '400 Years of African-American History Commission Act'.
"SEC. 2. DEFINITIONS.
"In this Act:
"(1)
"(2)
"(3)
"SEC. 3. ESTABLISHMENT.
"(a)
"(b)
"(1)
"(A) three members shall be appointed by the Secretary after considering recommendations of Governors, including the Governor of Virginia;
"(B) six members shall be appointed by the Secretary after considering recommendations of civil rights organizations and historical organizations;
"(C) one member shall be an employee of the National Park Service having experience relative to the historical and cultural resources related to the commemoration, to be appointed by the Secretary;
"(D) two members shall be appointed by the Secretary after considering the recommendations of the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution; and
"(E) three members shall be individuals who have an interest in, support for, and expertise appropriate to the commemoration, appointed by the Secretary after considering the recommendations of Members of Congress.
"(2)
"(3)
"(A)
"(B)
"(i)
"(ii)
"(C)
"(c)
"(1) plan, develop, and carry out programs and activities throughout the United States—
"(A) appropriate for the commemoration;
"(B) to recognize and highlight the resilience and contributions of African-Americans since 1619;
"(C) to acknowledge the impact that slavery and laws that enforced racial discrimination had on the United States; and
"(D) to educate the public about—
"(i) the arrival of Africans in the United States; and
"(ii) the contributions of African-Americans to the United States;
"(2) encourage civic, patriotic, historical, educational, artistic, religious, economic, and other organizations throughout the United States to organize and participate in anniversary activities to expand understanding and appreciation of—
"(A) the significance of the arrival of Africans in the United States; and
"(B) the contributions of African-Americans to the United States;
"(3) provide technical assistance to States, localities, and nonprofit organizations to further the commemoration;
"(4) coordinate and facilitate for the public scholarly research on, publication about, and interpretation of—
"(A) the arrival of Africans in the United States; and
"(B) the contributions of African-Americans to the United States;
"(5) ensure that the commemoration provides a lasting legacy and long-term public benefit by assisting in the development of appropriate programs; and
"(6) help ensure that the observances of the commemoration are inclusive and appropriately recognize the experiences and heritage of all individuals present at the arrival of Africans in the United States.
"SEC. 4. COMMISSION MEETINGS.
"(a)
"(b)
"(1) at least three times each year; or
"(2) at the call of the Chairperson or the majority of the members of the Commission.
"(c)
"(d)
"(1)
"(2)
"(e)
"SEC. 5. COMMISSION POWERS.
"(a)
"(b)
"(c)
"(d)
"(1)
"(2)
"(e)
"(f)
"(1) provide grants in amounts not to exceed $20,000 per grant to communities and nonprofit organizations for use in developing programs to assist in the commemoration;
"(2) provide grants to research and scholarly organizations to research, publish, or distribute information relating to the arrival of Africans in the United States; and
"(3) provide technical assistance to States, localities, and nonprofit organizations to further the commemoration.
"SEC. 6. COMMISSION PERSONNEL MATTERS.
"(a)
"(1)
"(2)
"(b)
"(c)
"(1)
"(2)
"(d)
"(1)
"(2)
"(e)
"(1)
"(A)
"(B)
"(2)
"(A) accept the services of personnel detailed from the State; and
"(B) reimburse the State for services of detailed personnel.
"(f)
"(g)
"(h)
"(1)
"(2)
"(i)
"SEC. 7. PLANS; REPORTS.
"(a)
"(b)
"(1) a summary of the activities of the Commission;
"(2) a final accounting of funds received and expended by the Commission; and
"(3) the findings and recommendations of the Commission.
"SEC. 8. TERMINATION OF COMMISSION.
"(a)
"(b)
"SEC. 9. EXPENDITURES OF COMMISSION.
"All expenditures of the Commission shall be made solely from donated funds."
Frederick Douglass Bicentennial Commission
"SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.
"This Act may be cited as the 'Frederick Douglass Bicentennial Commission Act'.
"SEC. 2. FINDINGS.
"Congress makes the following findings:
"(1) Born into slavery on the Eastern Shore of Maryland in 1818 and given the name Frederick Augustus Washington Bailey after his mother Harriet Bailey, Frederick Douglass has been called the father of the civil rights movement.
"(2) Douglass rose through determination, brilliance, and eloquence to shape the American Nation. He was an abolitionist, human rights and women's rights activist, orator, author, journalist, publisher, and social reformer.
"(3) Taught basic reading skills by his mistress until she was forced to stop, Douglass continued to teach himself to read and write and taught other slaves to read despite risks including death.
"(4) During the course of his remarkable life Frederick Douglass escaped from slavery, became internationally renowned for his eloquence in the cause of liberty, and went on to serve the national government in several official capacities.
"(5) Forced to leave the country to avoid arrest as an escaped slave, he returned to become a staunch advocate of the Union cause and helped recruit African-American troops for the Union Army, including two of his sons, Charles and Lewis Douglass. His personal relationship with Abraham Lincoln helped persuade the President to make emancipation a cause of the Civil War.
"(6) With the abolition of slavery at the close of the Civil War, Douglass then turned his attention to the full integration of African-Americans into the political and economic life of the United States. Committed to freedom, Douglass dedicated his life to achieving justice for all Americans, in particular African-Americans, women, and minority groups. He envisioned America as an inclusive Nation strengthened by diversity and free of discrimination.
"(7) Douglass served as an advisor to Presidents. Abraham Lincoln referred to him as the most meritorious man of the nineteenth century. Douglass was appointed to several offices. He served as the United States Marshal of the District of Columbia under Rutherford B. Hayes' administration; President James Garfield appointed Douglass the District of Columbia Recorder of Deeds. In 1889, President Benjamin Harrison appointed Frederick Douglass to be the United States minister to Haiti. He was also appointed by President Grant to serve as Assistant Secretary of the Commission of Inquiry to Santo Domingo.
"(8) Douglass lived in the District of Columbia for 23 of his 57 years as a free man, and in recognition of his leadership and continuous fight for justice and freedom, his home, Cedar Hill, was established as a National Historic Site in Anacostia, in Southeast Washington, DC.
"(9) The statue of Frederick Douglass in the United States Capitol is a gift from the almost 700,000 residents of the District of Columbia.
"(10) All Americans could benefit from studying the life of Frederick Douglass, for Douglass dedicated his own life to ensuring freedom and equality for future generations of Americans. This Nation should ensure that his tireless struggle, transformative words, and inclusive vision of humanity continue to inspire and sustain us.
"(11) The year 2018 marks the bicentennial anniversary of the birth of Frederick Douglass, and a commission should be established to plan, develop, and carry out, and to recommend to Congress, programs and activities that are fitting and proper to celebrate that anniversary in a manner that appropriately honors Frederick Douglass.
"SEC. 3. ESTABLISHMENT.
"There is established a commission to be known as the Frederick Douglass Bicentennial Commission (referred to in this Act as the 'Commission').
"SEC. 4. DUTIES.
"The Commission shall have the following duties:
"(1) To plan, develop, and carry out programs and activities that are fitting and proper to honor Frederick Douglass on the occasion of the bicentennial anniversary of Douglass' birth.
"(2) To recommend to Congress programs and activities that the Commission considers fitting and proper to honor Frederick Douglass on such occasion, and the entity or entities in the Federal Government that the Commission considers most appropriate to carry out such programs and activities.
"SEC. 5. MEMBERSHIP.
"(a)
"(1) Two members, each of whom shall be a qualified citizen described in subsection (b), appointed by the President.
"(2) One member, who shall be a qualified citizen described in subsection (b), appointed by the President on the recommendation of the Governor of Maryland.
"(3) One member, who shall be a qualified citizen described in subsection (b), appointed by the President on the recommendation of the Governor of Massachusetts.
"(4) One member, who shall be a qualified citizen described in subsection (b), appointed by the President on the recommendation of the Governor of New York.
"(5) One member, who shall be a qualified citizen described in subsection (b), appointed by the President on the recommendation of the Mayor of the District of Columbia.
"(6) Three members, at least one of whom shall be a Member of the House of Representatives, appointed by the Speaker of the House of Representatives.
"(7) Three members, at least one of whom shall be a Senator, appointed by the majority leader of the Senate.
"(8) Two members, at least one of whom shall be a Member of the House of Representatives, appointed by the minority leader of the House of Representatives.
"(9) Two members, at least one of whom shall be a Senator, appointed by the minority leader of the Senate.
"(b)
"(1) a demonstrated dedication to educating others about the importance of historical figures and events; and
"(2) substantial knowledge and appreciation of Frederick Douglass.
"(c)
"(d)
"(e)
"(f)
"(g)
"(h)
"(i)
"(j)
"(k)
"SEC. 6. DIRECTOR AND STAFF.
"(a)
"(b)
"(1)
"(2)
"SEC. 7. POWERS.
"(a)
"(b)
"(c)
"(d)
"(e)
"(f)
"(g)
"SEC. 8. REPORTS.
"(a)
"(b)
"(1) a summary of its activities and programs;
"(2) a final accounting of the funds the Commission received and expended; and
"(3) any other information that the Commission considers to be appropriate.
"SEC. 9. TERMINATION.
"The Commission shall terminate 30 days after submitting the final report pursuant to section 8(b).
"SEC. 10. NO ADDITIONAL FUNDS AUTHORIZED.
"No Federal funds are authorized or may be obligated to carry out this Act."
Women's Suffrage Centennial Commission
"SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS.
"(a)
"(b)
"SEC. 2. FINDINGS.
"Congress finds the following:
"(1) From 1919 to 1920, the Sixty-Sixth United States Congress debated, and State legislatures considered, an amendment to the Constitution of the United States to provide suffrage for women.
"(2) A proposed women's suffrage amendment was first introduced in the United States Senate in 1878 and was brought to a vote, unsuccessfully, in 1887, 1914, 1918, and 1919. Finally, on May 21, 1919, the House of Representatives approved a proposed amendment, followed by the Senate a few weeks later on June 4. Within days, the legislatures of Wisconsin, Illinois, and Michigan had voted to ratify the amendment.
"(3) On August 18, 1920, Tennessee became the 36th State to ratify the amendment, providing the support of three-fourths of States necessary under article V of the Constitution of the United States.
"(4) The introduction, passage, and ultimate ratification of the 19th Amendment to the Constitution of the United States were the culmination of decades of work and struggle by advocates for the rights of women across the United States and worldwide.
"(5) Ratification of the 19th Amendment ensured women could more fully participate in their democracy and fundamentally changed the role of women in the civic life of our Nation.
"(6) The centennial offers an opportunity for people in the United States to learn about and commemorate the efforts of the women's suffrage movement and the role of women in our democracy.
"(7) Commemorative programs, activities, and sites allow people in the United States to learn about the women's suffrage movement and to commemorate and honor the role of the ratification of the 19th Amendment in further fulfilling the promise of the Constitution of the United States and promoting the core values of our democracy.
"SEC. 3. ESTABLISHMENT OF WOMEN'S SUFFRAGE CENTENNIAL COMMISSION.
"(a)
"(b)
"(1) The Centennial Commission shall be composed of 14 members, of whom—
"(A) 2 shall be appointed by the President;
"(B) 2 shall be appointed by the Speaker of the House of Representatives;
"(C) 2 shall be appointed by the minority leader of the House of Representatives;
"(D) 2 shall be appointed by the majority leader of the Senate;
"(E) 2 shall be appointed by the minority leader of the Senate;
"(F) 1 shall be the Librarian of Congress, or the designee of the Librarian;
"(G) 1 shall be the Archivist of the United States, or the designee of the Archivist;
"(H) 1 shall be the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, or the designee of the Secretary; and
"(I) 1 shall be the Director of the National Park Service, or the designee of the Director.
"(2)
"(A)
"(B)
"(3)
"(A)
"(B)
"(4)
"(c)
"(1)
"(2)
"(A)
"(B)
"(3)
"(4)
"SEC. 4. DUTIES OF CENTENNIAL COMMISSION.
"(a)
"(1) To encourage, plan, develop, and execute programs, projects, and activities to commemorate the centennial of the passage and ratification of the 19th Amendment.
"(2) To encourage private organizations and State and local governments to organize and participate in activities commemorating the centennial of the passage and ratification of the 19th Amendment.
"(3) To facilitate and coordinate activities throughout the United States relating to the centennial of the passage and ratification of the 19th Amendment.
"(4) To serve as a clearinghouse for the collection and dissemination of information about events and plans for the centennial of the passage and ratification of the 19th Amendment.
"(5) To develop recommendations for Congress and the President for commemorating the centennial of the passage and ratification of the 19th Amendment.
"(b)
"(c)
"(1)
"(2)
"SEC. 5. POWERS OF CENTENNIAL COMMISSION.
"(a)
"(b)
"(c)
"(d)
"(e)
"(1)
"(A) to procure supplies, services, and property; and
"(B) to make or enter into contracts, leases, or other legal agreements.
"(2)
"(f)
"(g)
"(h)
"SEC. 6. CENTENNIAL COMMISSION PERSONNEL MATTERS.
"(a)
"(b)
"(c)
"(1)
"(2)
"(A)
"(B)
"(d)
"(e)
"(f)
"SEC. 7. TERMINATION OF CENTENNIAL COMMISSION.
"(a)
"(1) the date that is 30 days after the date [of] the completion of the activities under this Act honoring the centennial observation of the passage and ratification of the 19th Amendment; or
"(2) April 15, 2021.
"(b)
"(1)
"(2)
"SEC. 8. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.
"(a)
"(b)
Program To Commemorate the 100th Anniversary of the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier
"(a)
"(1)
"(2)
"(b)
"(c)
"(1) To honor America's commitment to never forget or forsake those who served and sacrificed for our Country, including personnel who were held as prisoners of war or listed as missing in action, and to thank and honor the families of these veterans.
"(2) To highlight the service of the Armed Forces in times of war or armed conflict and contributions of Federal agencies and governmental and nongovernmental organizations that served with, or in support of, the Armed Forces.
"(3) To pay tribute to the contributions made on the home front by the people of the United States in times of war or armed conflict.
"(4) To educate the American Public about service and sacrifice on behalf of the United States of America and the principles that define and unite us.
"(5) To recognize the contributions and sacrifices made by the allies of the United States during times of war or armed conflict.
"(d)
"(e)
"(1)
"(2)
"(A) Amounts appropriated to the Fund.
"(B) Proceeds derived from the use by the Secretary of Defense of the exclusive rights described in subsection (d).
"(C) Donations made in support of the commemorative program by private and corporate donors.
"(D) Funds transferred to the Fund by the Secretary of Defense from funds appropriated for fiscal year 2017 and subsequent years for the Department of Defense.
"(3)
"(4)
"(5)
"(A) identify and explain any amounts expended for the commemorative program in the fiscal year preceding the budget request;
"(B) identify and explain the amounts being requested to support the commemorative program for the fiscal year of the budget request; and
"(C) present a summary of the fiscal status of the Fund.
"(f)
"(1)
"(2)
"(g)
"(1) All of the funds deposited into and expended from the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier Commemoration Fund.
"(2) Any other funds expended under this section.
"(3) Any unobligated funds remaining in the Fund."
John F. Kennedy Centennial Commission
"SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.
"This Act may be cited as the 'John F. Kennedy Centennial Commission Act'.
"SEC. 2. ESTABLISHMENT.
"There is established a commission to be known as the 'John F. Kennedy Centennial Commission' (in this Act referred to as the 'Commission').
"SEC. 3. DUTIES OF COMMISSION.
"The Commission shall—
"(1) plan, develop, and carry out such activities as the Commission considers fitting and proper to honor John F. Kennedy on the occasion of the 100th anniversary of his birth;
"(2) provide advice and assistance to Federal, State, and local governmental agencies, as well as civic groups to carry out activities to honor John F. Kennedy on the occasion of the 100th anniversary of his birth;
"(3) develop activities that may be carried out by the Federal Government that are fitting and proper to honor John F. Kennedy on the occasion of the 100th anniversary of his birth; and
"(4) submit to the President and Congress reports pursuant to section 7.
"SEC. 4. MEMBERSHIP.
"(a)
"(1) The Secretary of the Interior.
"(2) Four members appointed by the President after considering the recommendations of the Board of Trustees of the John F. Kennedy Library Foundation.
"(3) Two Members of the House of Representatives appointed by the Speaker of the House of Representatives.
"(4) One Member of the House of Representatives appointed by the minority leader of the House of Representatives.
"(5) Two Members of the Senate appointed by the majority leader of the Senate.
"(6) One Member of the Senate appointed by the minority leader of the Senate.
"(b)
"(c)
"(d)
"(e)
"(1) not affect the powers of the Commission; and
"(2) be filled in the manner in which the original appointment was made.
"(f)
"(g)
"(h)
"(i)
"SEC. 5. DIRECTOR AND STAFF OF COMMISSION.
"(a)
"(b)
"(c)
"(d)
"(e)
"SEC. 6. POWERS OF COMMISSION.
"(a)
"(b)
"(c)
"(d)
"(e)
"(f)
"SEC. 7. REPORTS.
"(a)
"(b)
"(c)
"(1) a summary of the activities of the Commission;
"(2) a final accounting of funds received and expended by the Commission; and
"(3) the findings, conclusions, and final recommendations of the Commission.
"SEC. 8. TERMINATION.
"The Commission may terminate on such date as the Commission may determine after it submits its final report pursuant to section 7(c), but not later than September 30, 2017.
"SEC. 9. ANNUAL AUDIT.
"The Inspector General of the Department of the Interior may perform an audit of the Commission, shall make the results of any audit performed available to the public, and shall transmit such results to the Committee on Oversight and Government Reform [now Committee on Oversight and Accountability] of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs of the Senate.
"SEC. 10. PROHIBITION ON OBLIGATION OF FEDERAL FUNDS.
"No Federal funds may be obligated to carry out this Act."
United States Semiquincentennial Commission
"SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.
"This Act may be cited as the 'United States Semiquincentennial Commission Act of 2016'.
"SEC. 2. FINDINGS; PURPOSE.
"(a)
"(1) are of major significance in the development of the national heritage of the United States of individual liberty, representative government, and the attainment of equal and inalienable rights; and
"(2) have had a profound influence throughout the world.
"(b)
"SEC. 3. DEFINITIONS.
"In this Act:
"(1)
"(2)
"(A) the Federal Government; or
"(B) a State or local government.
"(3)
"SEC. 4. ESTABLISHMENT OF COMMISSION.
"(a)
"(b)
"(1) Four members of the Senate, of whom—
"(A) two shall be appointed by the majority leader of the Senate; and
"(B) two shall be appointed by the minority leader of the Senate.
"(2) Four members of the House of Representatives, of whom—
"(A) two shall be appointed by the Speaker of the House of Representatives; and
"(B) two shall be appointed by the minority leader of the House of Representatives.
"(3) Sixteen members who are private citizens, of whom—
"(A) four shall be appointed by the majority leader of the Senate;
"(B) four shall be appointed by the minority leader of the Senate;
"(C) four shall be appointed by the Speaker of the House of Representatives;
"(D) four shall be appointed by the minority leader of the House of Representatives; and
"(E) one of whom shall be designated by the President as the Chairperson.
"(4) The following nonvoting ex officio members:
"(A) The Secretary.
"(B) The Secretary of State.
"(C) The Attorney General.
"(D) The Secretary of Defense.
"(E) The Secretary of Education.
"(F) The Librarian of Congress.
"(G) The Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution.
"(H) The Archivist of the United States.
"(I) The Chairperson of the National Endowment for the Arts.
"(J) The Chairperson of the National Endowment for the Humanities.
"(K) The Director of the Institute of Museum and Library Services.
"(L)(i) The Chief Justice of the United States; or
"(ii) an Associate Justice or former Associate Justice appointed by the Chief Justice of the United States.
"(c)
"(1)
"(2)
"(A) shall not affect the powers of the Commission; and
"(B) shall be filled in the same manner as the original appointment was made.
"(3)
"(d)
"(1)
"(2)
"(e)
"SEC. 5. DUTIES.
"(a)
"(1) prepare an overall program for commemorating the 250th anniversary of the founding of the United States and the historic events preceding that anniversary; and
"(2) plan, encourage, develop, and coordinate observances and activities commemorating the historic events that preceded, and are associated with, the United States Semiquincentennial.
"(b)
"(1)
"(A) shall give due consideration to any related plans and programs developed by State, local, and private groups; and
"(B) may designate special committees with representatives from groups described in subparagraph (A) to plan, develop, and coordinate specific activities.
"(2)
"(A) emphasize the planning of events in locations of historical significance to the United States, especially in those locations that witnessed the assertion of American liberty, such as—
"(i) the 13 colonies; and
"(ii) leading cities, including Boston, Charleston, New York City, and Philadelphia; and
"(B) give special emphasis to—
"(i) the role of persons and locations with significant impact on the history of the United States during the 250-year period beginning on the date of execution of the Declaration of Independence; and
"(ii) the ideas associated with that history, which have been so important in the development of the United States, in world affairs, and in the quest for freedom of all mankind.
"(3)
"(A) evaluate existing infrastructure;
"(B) include in the report required under subsection (c) recommendations for what infrastructure should be in place for the successful undertaking of an appropriate celebration in accordance with this Act; and
"(C) coordinate with State and local bodies to make necessary infrastructure improvements.
"(c)
"(1)
"(2)
"(A) the production, publication, and distribution of books, pamphlets, films, and other educational materials focusing on the history, culture, and political thought of the period of the American Revolution;
"(B) bibliographical and documentary projects and publications;
"(C) conferences, convocations, lectures, seminars, and other programs, especially those located in the 13 colonies, including the major cities and buildings of national historical significance of the 13 colonies;
"(D) the development of libraries, museums, historic sites, and exhibits, including mobile exhibits;
"(E) ceremonies and celebrations commemorating specific events, such as—
"(i) the signing of the Declaration of Independence;
"(ii) programs and activities focusing on the national and international significance of the United States Semiquincentennial; and
"(iii) the implications of the Semiquincentennial for present and future generations; and
"(F) encouraging Federal agencies to integrate the celebration of the Semiquincentennial into the regular activities and execution of the purpose of the agencies through such activities as the issuance of coins, medals, certificates of recognition, stamps, and the naming of vessels.
"(3)
"(A) the recommendations of the Commission for the allocation of financial and administrative responsibility among the public and private authorities and organizations recommended for participation by the Commission; and
"(B) proposals for such legislative enactments and administrative actions as the Commission considers necessary to carry out the recommendations.
"(d)
"(1) the complete report of the Commission; and
"(2) such comments and recommendations for legislation and such a description of administrative actions taken by the President as the President considers appropriate.
"(e)
"SEC. 6. COORDINATION.
"(a)
"(b)
"(1)
"(2)
"(A)
"(B)
"(i) to review the study; and
"(ii) to incorporate in the report described in section 5(c) such findings and recommendations as the Commission considers appropriate.
"(3)
"(A)
"(B)
"(i)
"(ii)
"(C)
"(i) to review the reports; and
"(ii) to incorporate in the report described in section 5(c) such findings and recommendations as the Commission considers appropriate.
"(4)
"(A) to celebrate the shared heritage of the United States with the many peoples and nations of the world; and
"(B) to provide liaison and encouragement for the erection of international pavilions to showcase the spread of democratic institutions abroad in the period following the American Revolution.
"SEC. 7. POWERS.
"(a)
"(b)
"(1)
"(2)
"(c)
"(d)
"(e)
"(1) procure supplies, services, and property;
"(2) make contracts;
"(3) expend in furtherance of this Act funds donated or received in pursuance of contracts entered into under this Act; and
"(4) take such actions as are necessary to enable the Commission to carry out efficiently and in the public interest the purposes of this Act.
"(f)
"(1)
"(A) to be buried in Independence Mall, Philadelphia, on July 4, 2026; and
"(B) to be unearthed on the occasion of the 500th anniversary of the United States of America on July 4, 2276.
"(2)
"(g)
"(1) used by the Secretary for purposes of the National Park Service; or
"(2) disposed of as excess or surplus property.
"SEC. 8. COMMISSION PERSONNEL MATTERS.
"(a)
"(b)
"(c)
"(1)
"(2)
"(3)
"(A)
"(B)
"(d)
"(1)
"(2)
"(e)
"(f)
"SEC. 9. EXPENDITURES OF COMMISSION.
"(a)
"(b)
"(1) serve as the secretariat of the Commission, including by serving as the point of contact under section 5(e);
"(2) house the administrative offices of the Commission;
"(3) assume responsibility for funds of the Commission; and
"(4) provide to the Commission financial and administrative services, including services related to budgeting, accounting, financial reporting, personnel, and procurement.
"(c)
"(1)
"(2)
"(A)
"(B)
"(d)
"(e)
"(f)
"SEC. 10. TERMINATION OF COMMISSION.
"The Commission shall terminate on December 31, 2027."
World War I Centennial
"(a)
"(1)
"(2)
"(b)
"(1)
"(2)
"(3)
"(A)
"(B)
"(4)
"(A)
"(B)
"(i)
"(ii)
"(5)
"(6)
"(A)
"(B)
"(7)
"(c)
"SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS.
"(a)
"(b)
"SEC. 2. FINDINGS.
"Congress makes the following findings:
"(1) From 2014 through 2018, the United States and nations around the world will mark the centennial of World War I, including the entry of the United States into the war in April 1917.
"(2) America's support of Great Britain, France, Belgium, and its other allies in World War I marked the first time in United States history that American soldiers went abroad in defense of liberty against foreign aggression, and it marked the true beginning of the 'American century'.
"(3) Although World War I was at the time called 'the war to end all wars', in fact the United States would commit its troops to the defense of foreign lands 3 more times in the 20th century.
"(4) More than 4,000,000 men and women from the United States served in uniform during World War I, among them 2 future presidents, Harry S. Truman and Dwight D. Eisenhower. Two million individuals from the United States served overseas during World War I, including 200,000 naval personnel who served on the seas. The United States suffered 375,000 casualties during World War I, including 116,516 deaths.
"(5) The events of 1914 through 1918 shaped the world, the United States, and the lives of millions of people.
"(6) The centennial of World War I offers an opportunity for people in the United States to learn about and commemorate the sacrifices of their predecessors.
"(7) Commemorative programs, activities, and sites allow people in the United States to learn about the history of World War I, the United States involvement in that war, and the war's effects on the remainder of the 20th century, and to commemorate and honor the participation of the United States and its citizens in the war effort.
"SEC. 3. DEFINITIONS.
"In this Act—
"(1)
"(2)
"(3)
"SEC. 4. ESTABLISHMENT OF WORLD WAR I CENTENNIAL COMMISSION.
"(a)
"(b)
"(1)
"(A) Two members who shall be appointed by the Speaker of the House of Representatives.
"(B) One member who shall be appointed by the minority leader of the House of Representatives.
"(C) Two members who shall be appointed by the majority leader of the Senate.
"(D) One member who shall be appointed by the minority leader of the Senate.
"(E) Three members who shall be appointed by the President from among persons who are broadly representative of the people of the United States (including members of the Armed Forces, veterans, and representatives of veterans service organizations).
"(F) One member who shall be appointed by the executive director of the Veterans of Foreign Wars of the United States.
"(G) One member who shall be appointed by the executive director of the American Legion.
"(H) One member who shall be appointed by the president of the Liberty Memorial Association.
"(2)
"(3)
"(4)
"(c)
"(1)
"(A)
"(B)
"(2)
"(A)
"(B)
"(C)
"(3)
"(d)
"(e)
"(1)
"(2)
"(A) The Archivist of the United States.
"(B) The Librarian of Congress.
"(C) The Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution.
"(D) The Secretary of Education.
"(E) The Secretary of State.
"(F) The Secretary of Veterans Affairs.
"(G) The Administrator of General Services.
"(3)
"(A) Four members appointed by the Secretary of Defense in the following manner: One from the Navy, one from the Marine Corps, one from the Army, and one from the Air Force.
"(B) Two members appointed by the Secretary of Homeland Security in the following manner: One from the Coast Guard and one from the United States Secret Service.
"(C) Two members appointed by the Secretary of the Interior, including one from the National Park Service.
"(4)
"SEC. 5. DUTIES OF CENTENNIAL COMMISSION.
"(a)
"(1) To plan, develop, and execute programs, projects, and activities to commemorate the centennial of World War I.
"(2) To encourage private organizations and State and local governments to organize and participate in activities commemorating the centennial of World War I.
"(3) To facilitate and coordinate activities throughout the United States relating to the centennial of World War I.
"(4) To serve as a clearinghouse for the collection and dissemination of information about events and plans for the centennial of World War I.
"(5) To develop recommendations for Congress and the President for commemorating the centennial of World War I.
"(b)
"(1)
"(2)
"SEC. 6. POWERS OF CENTENNIAL COMMISSION.
"(a)
"(b)
"(c)
"(d)
"(e)
"(1)
"(A) to procure supplies, services, and property; and
"(B) to make or enter into contracts, leases, or other legal agreements.
"(2)
"(f)
"(g)
"SEC. 7. CENTENNIAL COMMISSION PERSONNEL MATTERS.
"(a)
"(b)
"(c)
"(1)
"(2)
"(A)
"(B)
"(C)
"(d)
"(e)
"SEC. 8. TERMINATION OF CENTENNIAL COMMISSION.
"(a)
"(1) the date that is 30 days after the date the completion of the activities under this Act honoring the centennial observation of World War I; or
"(2) July 28, 2019.
"(b)
"(1)
"(2)
"(c)
"SEC. 9. LIMITATION ON OBLIGATION OF FEDERAL FUNDS.
"No Federal funds may be obligated or expended for the designation, establishment, or enhancement of a memorial or commemorative work by the World War I Centennial Commission."
Ronald Reagan Centennial Commission
"SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.
"This Act may be cited as the 'Ronald Reagan Centennial Commission Act'.
"SEC. 2. ESTABLISHMENT.
"There is established a commission to be known as the 'Ronald Reagan Centennial Commission' (in this Act referred to as the 'Commission').
"SEC. 3. DUTIES OF COMMISSION.
"The Commission shall—
"(1) plan, develop, and carry out such activities as the Commission considers fitting and proper to honor Ronald Reagan on the occasion of the 100th anniversary of his birth;
"(2) provide advice and assistance to Federal, State, and local governmental agencies, as well as civic groups[,] to carry out activities to honor Ronald Reagan on the occasion of the 100th anniversary of his birth;
"(3) develop activities that may be carried out by the Federal Government to determine whether the activities are fitting and proper to honor Ronald Reagan on the occasion of the 100th anniversary of his birth; and
"(4) submit to the President and Congress reports pursuant to section 7.
"SEC. 4. MEMBERSHIP.
"(a)
"(1) The Secretary of the Interior.
"(2) Four members appointed by the President after considering the recommendations of the Board of Trustees of the Ronald Reagan Foundation.
"(3) Two Members of the House of Representatives appointed by the Speaker of the House of Representatives.
"(4) One Member of the House of Representatives appointed by the minority leader of the House of Representatives.
"(5) Two Members of the Senate appointed by the majority leader of the Senate.
"(6) One Member of the Senate appointed by the minority leader of the Senate.
"(b)
"(c)
"(d)
"(e)
"(1) not affect the powers of the Commission; and
"(2) be filled in the manner in which the original appointment was made.
"(f)
"(g)
"(h)
"(i)
"SEC. 5. DIRECTOR AND STAFF OF COMMISSION.
"(a)
"(b)
"(c)
"(d)
"(e)
"SEC. 6. POWERS OF COMMISSION.
"(a)
"(b)
"(c)
"(d)
"(e)
"(f)
"SEC. 7. REPORTS.
"(a)
"(b)
"(c)
"(1) a summary of the activities of the Commission;
"(2) a final accounting of funds received and expended by the Commission; and
"(3) the findings, conclusions, and final recommendations of the Commission.
"SEC. 8. TERMINATION.
"The Commission may terminate on such date as the Commission may determine after it submits its final report pursuant to section 7(c), but not later than December 31, 2011.
"SEC. 9. ANNUAL AUDIT.
"The Inspector General of the Department of the Interior may perform an audit of the Commission, shall make the results of any audit performed available to the public, and shall transmit such results to the Committee on Oversight and Government Reform [now Committee on Oversight and Accountability] of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs of the Senate.
"SEC. 10. PROHIBITION ON OBLIGATION OF FEDERAL FUNDS.
"No Federal funds may be obligated to carry out this Act."
225th Anniversary of the American Revolution Commemoration
"SEC. 201. SHORT TITLE.
"This title may be cited as the '225th Anniversary of the American Revolution Commemoration Act'.
"SEC. 202. FINDINGS AND PURPOSES.
"(a) FINDINGS.—Congress finds the following:
"(1) The American Revolution, inspired by the spirit of liberty and independence among the inhabitants of the original 13 colonies of Great Britain, was an event of global significance having a profound and lasting effect upon American Government, laws, culture, society, and values.
"(2) The years 2000 through 2008 mark the 225th anniversary of the Revolutionary War.
"(3) Every generation of American citizens should have an opportunity to understand and appreciate the continuing legacy of the American Revolution.
"(4) This 225th anniversary provides an opportunity to enhance public awareness and understanding of the impact of the American Revolution's legacy on the lives of citizens today.
"(5) Although the National Park Service administers battlefields, historical parks, historic sites, and programs that address elements of the story of the American Revolution, there is a need to establish partnerships that link sites and programs administered by the National Park Service with those of other Federal and non-Federal entities in order to place the story of the American Revolution in the broad context of its causes, consequences, and meanings.
"(6) The story and significance of the American Revolution can best engage the American people through a national program of the National Park Service that links historic structures and sites, routes, activities, community projects, exhibits, and multimedia materials, in a manner that is both unified and flexible.
"(b)
"(1) To recognize the enduring importance of the American Revolution in the lives of American citizens today.
"(2) To authorize the National Park Service to coordinate, connect, and facilitate Federal and non-Federal activities to commemorate, honor, and interpret the history of the American Revolution, its significance, and its relevance to the shape and spirit of American Government and society.
"SEC. 203. 225TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION COMMEMORATION PROGRAM.
"(a)
"(1) produce and disseminate to appropriate persons educational materials, such as handbooks, maps, interpretive guides, or electronic information related to the 225th Anniversary and the American Revolution;
"(2) enter into appropriate cooperative agreements and memoranda of understanding to provide technical assistance under subsection (c);
"(3) assist in the protection of resources associated with the American Revolution;
"(4) enhance communications, connections, and collaboration among the National Park Service units and programs related to the Revolutionary War;
"(5) expand the research base for American Revolution interpretation and education; and
"(6) create and adopt an official, uniform symbol or device for the theme 'Lighting Freedom's Flame: American Revolution, 225th Anniversary' and issue regulations for its use.
"(b)
"(1) All units and programs of the National Park Service determined by the Secretary to pertain to the American Revolution.
"(2) Other governmental and nongovernmental sites, facilities, and programs of an educational, research, or interpretive nature that are documented to be directly related to the American Revolution.
"(3) Through the Secretary of State, the participation of the Governments of the United Kingdom, France, the Netherlands, Spain, and Canada.
"(c)
"(1) The heads of other Federal agencies, States, units of local government, and private entities.
"(2) In cooperation with the Secretary of State, the Governments of the United Kingdom, France, the Netherlands, Spain, and Canada.
"(d)
Benjamin Franklin Tercentenary Commission
Brown v. Board of Education 50th Anniversary Commission
James Madison Commemoration Commission
Abraham Lincoln Bicentennial Commission
Executive Documents
Proc. No. 10585. Armed Forces Day
Proc. No. 10585, May 19, 2023, 88 F.R. 33529, provided:
On Armed Forces Day, we honor all the members of our Army, Navy, Air Force, Marine Corps, Space Force, Coast Guard, and National Guard and Reserve forces. United by a common call to serve, these brave patriots not only comprise the finest fighting force the world has ever known but also represent the very best of our Nation.
Today, less than 1 percent of Americans currently wear the uniform—stepping up to defend the other 99 percent of our Nation with honor and courage. Through trials and testing as well as dangers and deployments, our service members remain resilient and resolved in their mission. They—and their families, caregivers, and survivors—also shoulder unique burdens, serving and sacrificing for our Nation's core values: freedom, democracy, and liberty. And this year, as we mark the 50th anniversary of our all-volunteer force and the 75th anniversaries of a desegregated military and women's integration, we are reminded that our Armed Forces are stronger and more capable than ever because of the diverse range of skillsets and experiences of our service members.
On Armed Forces Day, we also renew our sacred obligation to all those who serve: to prepare them when we send them into harm's way and care for them and their families while they are deployed and when they return home. That is exactly what my Administration is doing. I have signed more than 25 bipartisan bills, including the [Honoring our] PACT Act [of 2022,
Our Nation also has an obligation to ensure that every service member—regardless of gender, gender identity, sexual orientation, race, or religious background—feels safe in the ranks and has their contributions fully valued. Within my first month in office, I was proud to rescind the ban on openly transgender people serving in the military because no patriot should be barred from serving their country for being their authentic self. My Administration worked with the Congress to reform how the military investigates and prosecutes sexual assault, sexual harassment, domestic violence, and other related crimes, including by shifting authority from commanders to independent prosecutors. Working with leaders across the Department of Defense, I will continue to ensure that a culture of decency and respect always prevails within our ranks—including speaking out and standing up against harassment, abuse, and hate in all its forms.
Throughout our history, America's Armed Forces have been sentinels of liberty and defenders of dignity. By keeping the flame of freedom burning bright, they have made our Nation stronger and the world safer. So today, let us all join together in honoring their courage, sacrifice, and service.
NOW, THEREFORE, I, JOSEPH R. BIDEN JR., President of the United States of America, and Commander in Chief of the Armed Forces of the United States, continuing the precedent of my predecessors in office, do hereby proclaim the third Saturday of each May as Armed Forces Day.
I direct the Secretary of Defense, on behalf of the Army, Navy, Air Force, Marine Corps, Space Force, and the Secretary of Homeland Security on behalf of the Coast Guard, to plan for appropriate observances each year, with the Secretary of Defense responsible for soliciting the participation and cooperation of civil authorities and private citizens. I invite the Governors of the States, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and other areas subject to the jurisdiction of the United States to provide for the observance of Armed Forces Day within their respective jurisdictions each year in an appropriate manner designed to increase public understanding and appreciation of the Armed Forces of the United States. I also invite veterans, civic leaders, and other organizations to join in the observance of Armed Forces Day each year.
Finally, I call upon all Americans to display the flag of the United States at their homes and businesses on Armed Forces Day, and I urge citizens to learn more about military service by attending and participating in the local observances of the day.
Proclamation 10400 of May 20, 2022, is hereby superseded.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have hereunto set my hand this nineteenth day of May, in the year of our Lord two thousand twenty-three, and of the Independence of the United States of America the two hundred and forty-seventh.
J.R. Biden, Jr.
Prior similar proclamations were contained in the following:
Proc. No. 10400, May 20, 2022, 87 F.R. 31701, superseded by Proc. No. 10585, May 19, 2023, 88 F.R. 33529.
Proc. No. 10210, May 14, 2021, 86 F.R. 27017, superseded by Proc. No. 10400, May 20, 2022, 87 F.R. 31701.
Proc. No. 10034, May 15, 2020, 85 F.R. 30585, superseded by Proc. No. 10210, May 14, 2021, 86 F.R. 27017.
Proc. No. 9892, May 17, 2019, 84 F.R. 23701, superseded by Proc. No. 10034, May 15, 2020, 85 F.R. 30585.
Proc. No. 9753, May 18, 2018, 83 F.R. 24215, superseded by Proc. No. 9892, May 17, 2019, 84 F.R. 23701.
Proc. No. 9615, May 19, 2017, 82 F.R. 23995, superseded by Proc. No. 9753, May 18, 2018, 83 F.R. 24215.
Proc. No. 9452, May 20, 2016, 81 F.R. 33327, superseded by Proc. No. 9615, May 19, 2017, 82 F.R. 23995.
Proc. No. 9283, May 15, 2015, 80 F.R. 29199, superseded by Proc. No. 9452, May 20, 2016, 81 F.R. 33327.
Proc. No. 9129, May 16, 2014, 79 F.R. 29321, superseded by Proc. No. 9283, May 15, 2015, 80 F.R. 29199.
Proc. No. 8984, May 17, 2013, 78 F.R. 30731, superseded by Proc. No. 9129, May 16, 2014, 79 F.R. 29321.
Proc. No. 8823, May 18, 2012, 77 F.R. 30875, superseded by Proc. No. 8984, May 17, 2013, 78 F.R. 30731.
Proc. No. 8681, May 20, 2011, 76 F.R. 30497, superseded by Proc. No. 8823, May 18, 2012, 77 F.R. 30875.
Proc. No. 8522, May 14, 2010, 75 F.R. 28185, superseded by Proc. No. 8681, May 20, 2011, 76 F.R. 30497.
Proc. No. 8380, May 14, 2009, 74 F.R. 23603, superseded by Proc. No. 8522, May 14, 2010, 75 F.R. 28185.
Proc. No. 7562, May 16, 2002, 67 F.R. 35707, superseded by Proc. No. 8380, May 14, 2009, 74 F.R. 23603.
Proc. No. 6693, May 21, 1994, 59 F.R. 26923, superseded by Proc. No. 7562, May 16, 2002, 67 F.R. 35707.
Proc. No. 5983, May 17, 1989, 54 F.R. 21593, superseded by Proc. No. 6693, May 21, 1994, 59 F.R. 26923.
Proc. No. 4934, Apr. 16, 1982, 47 F.R. 16767, superseded by Proc. No. 5983, May 17, 1989, 54 F.R. 21593.
Proc. No. 4571, May 15, 1978, 43 F.R. 21313, superseded by Proc. No. 4934, Apr. 16, 1982, 47 F.R. 16767.
Proc. No. 4492, Mar. 22, 1977, 42 F.R. 15889, superseded by Proc. No. 4571, May 15, 1978, 43 F.R. 21313.
Proc. No. 4357, Mar. 25, 1975, 40 F.R. 13293, superseded by Proc. No. 4492, Mar. 22, 1977, 42 F.R. 15889.
Proc. No. 4276, Mar. 21, 1974, 39 F.R. 10877, superseded by Proc. No. 4357, Mar. 25, 1975, 40 F.R. 13293.
Proc. No. 3655, May 7, 1965, 30 F.R. 6467, superseded by Proc. No. 4276, Mar. 21, 1974, 39 F.R. 10877.
Proc. No. 3399, Mar. 22, 1961, 26 F.R. 2501, superseded by Proc. No. 3655, May 7, 1965, 30 F.R. 6467.
Proc. No. 3172, Mar. 6, 1957, 22 F.R. 1427, superseded by Proc. No. 3399, Mar. 22, 1961, 26 F.R. 2501.
Proc. No. 8455. National Farm-City Week
Proc. No. 8455, Nov. 20, 2009, 74 F.R. 61261, provided:
Our Nation's farm and ranch families supply many of the basic necessities of our daily life. They manage a large portion of our country's fertile land base, and they are caretakers of our valuable natural resources and diverse ecosystems. Their connections with urban and suburban communities are critical to our economy and to the nourishment of our people. During National Farm-City Week, we express gratitude for the contributions of our Nation's farmers and ranchers, and we rededicate ourselves to providing all Americans with access to healthy food, and thus, a healthy future.
Pioneered by Native Americans, agriculture was our Nation's first industry. For agriculture to thrive in the 21st century, we must continue to cultivate the relationships between farmers and rural businesses and their partners and customers in cities and towns. American farmers and ranchers are proud to grow the food, feed, fuel, and fiber that enhance our national security and prosperity, and remain steadfast stewards of the land they love. We must ensure that farming is maintained as an economically, socially, and environmentally sustainable way of life for future generations.
This Thanksgiving season, we celebrate farms of every size that produce fruits, vegetables, dairy, and livestock indispensable to the health of our families. We also recognize the vital ties between our urban and suburban communities and their local farmers through regional food systems, farmers markets, and community gardens. During National Farm-City Week, we celebrate the bounty of America, and we honor the commitment of those who grow, harvest, and deliver agricultural goods to feed our country and grow our economy.
NOW, THEREFORE, I, BARACK OBAMA, President of the United States of America, by virtue of the authority vested in me by the Constitution and the laws of the United States, do hereby proclaim the week ending on Thanksgiving Day of each year as National Farm-City Week. I call on Americans as they gather with their families and friends to reflect on the accomplishments of all who dedicate their lives to promoting our Nation's agricultural abundance and environmental stewardship.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have hereunto set my hand this twentieth day of November, in the year of our Lord two thousand nine, and of the Independence of the United States of America the two hundred and thirty-fourth.
Barack Obama.
Proc. No. 8641. Cesar Chavez Day
Proc. No. 8641, Mar. 30, 2011, 76 F.R. 18629, provided:
Our Nation's story of progress is rich with profound struggle and great sacrifice, marked by the selfless acts and fearless leadership of remarkable Americans. A true champion for justice, Cesar Chavez advocated for and won many of the rights and benefits we now enjoy, and his spirit lives on in the hands and hearts of working women and men today. As we celebrate the anniversary of his birth, we honor Cesar Chavez's lasting victories for American workers and his noble methods in achieving them.
Raised in the fields of Arizona and California, Cesar Chavez faced hardship and injustice from a young age. At the time, farm workers toiled in the shadows of society, vulnerable to abuse and exploitation. Families like Chavez's were impoverished; exposed to hazardous working conditions and dangerous pesticides; and often denied clean drinking water, toilets, and other basic necessities.
Cesar Chavez saw the need for change and made a courageous choice to work to improve the lives of his fellow farm workers. Through boycotts and fasts, he led others on a path of nonviolence conceived in careful study of the teachings of St. Francis of Assisi and Mahatma Gandhi, and in the powerful example of Martin Luther King, Jr. He became a community organizer and began his lifelong advocacy to protect and empower people. With quiet leadership and a powerful voice, Cesar founded the United Farm Workers (UFW) with Dolores Huerta, launching one of our Nation's most inspiring social movements.
Cesar Chavez's legacy provides lessons from which all Americans can learn. One person can change the course of a nation and improve the lives of countless individuals. Cesar once said, "Non-violence is not inaction. . . . Non-violence is hard work. It is the willingness to sacrifice. It is the patience to win." From his inspiring accomplishments, we have learned that social justice takes action, selflessness, and commitment. As we face the challenges of our day, let us do so with the hope and determination of Cesar Chavez, echoing the words that were his rallying cry and that continue to inspire so many today, "Sí, se puede"—"Yes, we can."
NOW, THEREFORE, I, BARACK OBAMA, President of the United States of America, by virtue of the authority vested in me by the Constitution and the laws of the United States, do hereby proclaim March 31 of each year as Cesar Chavez Day. I call upon all Americans to observe this day with appropriate service, community, and educational programs to honor Cesar Chavez's enduring legacy.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have hereunto set my hand this thirtieth day of March, in the year of our Lord two thousand eleven, and of the Independence of the United States of America the two hundred and thirty-fifth.
Barack Obama.
Proc. No. 8647. World Autism Awareness Day
Proc. No. 8647, Apr. 1, 2011, 76 F.R. 19265, provided:
With autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) affecting nearly one percent of children in the United States, autism is an urgent public health issue with a profound impact on millions of Americans. World Autism Awareness Day is an opportunity to recognize the contributions of individuals with ASDs and rededicate ourselves to the cause of understanding and responding to autism.
Men and women on the autism spectrum have thrived and excelled in communities across America and around the world. Yet, despite great progress in understanding ASDs, challenges remain for these individuals and their loved ones. For too long, the needs of people living with autism and their families have gone without adequate support and understanding. While we continue to encourage the development of resources for children on the autism spectrum and provide necessary resources for their families, we must also remember that young people with ASDs become adults with ASDs who deserve our support, our respect, and the opportunity to realize their highest aspirations.
As our understanding of the autism spectrum grows, my Administration remains dedicated to supporting children and adults impacted by autism. Led by the Department of Health and Human Services, we have expanded investments in autism research, public health tracking, early detection, and services—from early intervention for children to improved long-term services and support programs for adults. My Administration maintains a firm commitment to advance autism research and treatment, as well as promote education, employment, and equality for all individuals with autism, from early childhood through employment and community life. We will continue to work with the Congress, experts, and families to improve Federal and State programs that assist individuals with ASDs and their families and to bolster the impact and reach of community support and services. I encourage all Americans to visit www.HHS.gov/autism for more information and resources on ASDs.
With each breakthrough in research and each innovative treatment, we open endless possibilities for the many American families who have been touched by autism. As we mark World Autism Awareness Day, let us recommit to improving the lives of individuals and families impacted by ASDs and creating a world free from discrimination where all can achieve their fullest potential.
NOW, THEREFORE, I, BARACK OBAMA, President of the United States of America, by virtue of the authority vested in me by the Constitution and the laws of the United States, do hereby proclaim April 2 of each year as World Autism Awareness Day. I call upon the people of the United States to learn more about autism and what they can do to support individuals on the autism spectrum and their families.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have hereunto set my hand this first day of April, in the year of our Lord two thousand eleven, and of the Independence of the United States of America the two hundred and thirty-fifth.
Barack Obama.
Executive Order No. 13072
Ex. Ord. No. 13072, Feb. 2, 1998, 63 F.R. 6041, provided for formation of the White House Millennium Council to lead the country in a celebration of the new millennium by initiating and recognizing national and local projects that contributed in educational, creative, and productive ways to America's commemoration of that historic time.
§101. American Heart Month
The President is requested to issue each year a proclamation—
(1) designating February as American Heart Month;
(2) inviting the chief executive officers of the States, territories, and possessions of the United States to issue proclamations designating February as American Heart Month; and
(3) urging the people of the United States to recognize the nationwide problem of heart and blood vessel diseases and to support all essential programs required to solve the problem.
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 101 | 36:169b. | Dec. 30, 1963, |
In clause (2), the words "chief executive officers" are substituted for "Governors", and the words "territories, and possessions" are substituted for "territories", for clarity and consistency in the revised title and with other titles of the United States Code.
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
Short Title of 2023 Amendment
Short Title of 2022 Amendment
Short Title of 2020 Amendment
Short Title of 2019 Amendment
Short Title of 2018 Amendment
Short Title of 2016 Amendment
Short Title of 2009 Amendment
Short Title of 2008 Amendment
Short Title of 2007 Amendment
Short Title of 2005 Amendment
Short Title of 2002 Amendment
Short Title of 1998 Amendment
§102. Asian/Pacific American Heritage Month
(a)
(b)
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 102(a) | 36:169k(a). | Oct. 23, 1992, |
| 102(b) | 36:169k(b)–(d). |
§103. Cancer Control Month
(a)
(1) to issue each year a proclamation designating April as Cancer Control Month; and
(2) to invite each year the chief executive officers of the States, territories, and possessions of the United States to issue proclamations designating April as Cancer Control Month.
(b)
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 103 | 36:150. | Mar. 28, 1938, ch. 56, |
In subsection (a)(2), the words "chief executive officers" are substituted for "Governors" for clarity and consistency in the revised title and with other titles of the United States Code.
§104. Carl Garner Federal Lands Cleanup Day
(a)
(b)
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 104(a) | 36:169i (1st sentence). | Aug. 27, 1986, |
| 104(b) | 36:169i (last sentence). |
In subsection (b), the words "associated with Carl Garner Federal Lands Cleanup Day" are omitted as unnecessary.
§105. Child Health Day
The President is requested to issue each year a proclamation—
(1) designating the first Monday in October as Child Health Day; and
(2) inviting all agencies and organizations interested in child welfare to unite on Child Health Day in observing exercises that will make the people of the United States aware of the fundamental necessity of a year-round program to protect and develop the health of the children of the United States.
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 105 | 36:143. | May 18, 1928, ch. 643, |
§106. Constitution Day and Citizenship Day
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 106(a) | 36:153 (1st par. 1st–13th words). | Feb. 29, 1952, ch. 49, §1, |
| 106(b) | 36:153 (1st par. 14th word–words before "and the President"). | |
| 106(c) | 36:153 (1st par. words after "of citizenship"). | |
| 106(d) | 36:153 (2d, last pars.). |
In subsection (d), the text of 36:153 (last par.) is omitted as obsolete.
Editorial Notes
Amendments
2004—
Subsec. (a).
Subsec. (b).
Subsec. (c).
Subsec. (d).
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
Educational and Training Materials for New Federal Employees Concerning the U.S. Constitution
"(a) The head of each Federal agency or department shall—
"(1) provide each new employee of the agency or department with educational and training materials concerning the United States Constitution as part of the orientation materials provided to the new employee; and
"(2) provide educational and training materials concerning the United States Constitution to each employee of the agency or department on September 17 of each year.
"(b) Each educational institution that receives Federal funds for a fiscal year shall hold an educational program on the United States Constitution on September 17 of such year for the students served by the educational institution.
"(c) [Amended
"(d) This section shall be without fiscal year limitation."
§107. Columbus Day
The President is requested to issue each year a proclamation—
(1) designating the second Monday in October as Columbus Day;
(2) calling on United States Government officials to display the flag of the United States on all Government buildings on Columbus Day; and
(3) inviting the people of the United States to observe Columbus Day, in schools and churches, or other suitable places, with appropriate ceremonies that express the public sentiment befitting the anniversary of the discovery of America.
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 107 | 36:146. | Apr. 30, 1934, ch. 184, |
In clause (1), the words "the 2d Monday in October" are substituted for "October 12" in the Act of April 30, 1934 (ch. 184,
§108. Constitution Week
The President is requested to issue each year a proclamation—
(1) designating September 17 through September 23 as Constitution Week; and
(2) inviting the people of the United States to observe Constitution Week, in schools, churches, and other suitable places, with appropriate ceremonies and activities.
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 108 | 36:159. | Aug. 2, 1956, ch. 875, |
§109. Father's Day
(a)
(b)
(1) calling on United States Government officials to display the flag of the United States on all Government buildings on Father's Day;
(2) inviting State and local governments and the people of the United States to observe Father's Day with appropriate ceremonies; and
(3) urging the people of the United States to offer public and private expressions of Father's Day to the abiding love and gratitude they have for their fathers.
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 109(a) | 36:142a (1st sentence). | Apr. 24, 1972, |
| 109(b) | 36:142a (last sentence). |
In subsection (b)(1), the word "appropriate" is omitted as unnecessary.
In subsection (b)(2), the words "State and local governments" are substituted for "the governments of the States and communities" for consistency in the revised title and with other titles of the United States Code.
§110. Flag Day
(a)
(b)
(1) calling on United States Government officials to display the flag of the United States on all Government buildings on Flag Day; and
(2) urging the people of the United States to observe Flag Day as the anniversary of the adoption on June 14, 1777, by the Continental Congress of the Stars and Stripes as the official flag of the United States.
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 110(a) | 36:157 (words before 1st comma). | Aug. 3, 1949, ch. 385, |
| 110(b) | 36:157 (words after 1st comma). |
§111. Gold Star Mother's Day
(a)
(b)
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 111(a) | 36:148 (words before comma). | June 23, 1936, ch. 736, |
| 111(b) | 36:147. 36:148 (words after comma). |
In subsection (b), the text of 36:148 (words after comma) is omitted as unnecessary. The words "Gold Star Mother's Day" are substituted for "the last Sunday in September" in 36:147 for clarity. The word "American" is omitted as unnecessary.
§112. Honor America Days
(a)
(b)
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 112(a) | 36:157b (words before comma). | June 13, 1975, |
| 112(b) | 36:157b (words after comma). |
§113. Law Day, U.S.A.
(a)
(b)
(1) in appreciation of their liberties and the reaffirmation of their loyalty to the United States and of their rededication to the ideals of equality and justice under law in their relations with each other and with other countries; and
(2) for the cultivation of the respect for law that is so vital to the democratic way of life.
(c)
(1) calling on all public officials to display the flag of the United States on all Government buildings on Law Day, U.S.A.; and
(2) inviting the people of the United States to observe Law Day, U.S.A., with appropriate ceremonies and in other appropriate ways, through public entities and private organizations and in schools and other suitable places.
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 113(a) | 36:164 (1st par. 1st sentence). | Apr. 7, 1961, |
| 113(b) | 36:164 (1st par. last sentence). | |
| 113(c) | 36:164 (last par.). |
In subsection (b)(1), the word "countries" is substituted for "nations" for consistency in the revised title and with other titles of the United States Code.
In subsection (c)(2), the word "entities" is substituted for "bodies" for consistency in the revised title and with other titles of the Code.
§114. Leif Erikson Day
The President may issue each year a proclamation designating October 9 as Leif Erikson Day.
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 114 | 36:169c. | Sept. 2, 1964, |
§115. Loyalty Day
(a)
(b)
(c)
(1) calling on United States Government officials to display the flag of the United States on all Government buildings on Loyalty Day; and
(2) inviting the people of the United States to observe Loyalty Day with appropriate ceremonies in schools and other suitable places.
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 115(a) | 36:162 (1st–13th words). | July 18, 1958, |
| 115(b) | 36:162 (14th word–semicolon). | |
| 115(c) | 36:162 (words after semicolon). |
§116. Memorial Day
(a)
(b)
(1) calling on the people of the United States to observe Memorial Day by praying, according to their individual religious faith, for permanent peace;
(2) designating a period of time on Memorial Day during which the people may unite in prayer for a permanent peace;
(3) calling on the people of the United States to unite in prayer at that time; and
(4) calling on the media to join in observing Memorial Day and the period of prayer.
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 116 | 36:169g. | May 11, 1950, ch. 182, |
In subsection (a), the designation is added, and the words "last Monday in May" are substituted for "May 30" in the Act of May 11, 1950 (ch. 182,
In subsection (b)(4), the word "media" is substituted for "newspapers, radio stations, and all other mediums of information" to eliminate unnecessary words.
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
National Moment of Remembrance
"SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.
"This Act may be cited as the 'National Moment of Remembrance Act'.
"SEC. 2. FINDINGS.
"Congress finds that—
"(1) it is essential to remember and renew the legacy of Memorial Day, which was established in 1868 to pay tribute to individuals who have made the ultimate sacrifice in service to the United States and their families;
"(2) greater strides must be made to demonstrate appreciation for those loyal people of the United States whose values, represented by their sacrifices, are critical to the future of the United States;
"(3) the Federal Government has a responsibility to raise awareness of and respect for the national heritage, and to encourage citizens to dedicate themselves to the values and principles for which those heroes of the United States died;
"(4) the relevance of Memorial Day must be made more apparent to present and future generations of people of the United States through local and national observances and ongoing activities;
"(5) in House Concurrent Resolution 302, agreed to May 25, 2000, Congress called on the people of the United States, in a symbolic act of unity, to observe a National Moment of Remembrance to honor the men and women of the United States who died in the pursuit of freedom and peace;
"(6) in Presidential Proclamation No. 7315 of May 26, 2000 (65 Fed. Reg. 34907), the President proclaimed Memorial Day, May 29, 2000, as a day of prayer for permanent peace, and designated 3:00 p.m. local time on that day as the time to join in prayer and to observe the National Moment of Remembrance; and
"(7) a National Moment of Remembrance and other commemorative events are needed to reclaim Memorial Day as the sacred and noble event that that day is intended to be.
"SEC. 3. DEFINITIONS.
"In this Act:
"(1)
"(2)
"(3)
"(4)
"(5)
"SEC. 4. NATIONAL MOMENT OF REMEMBRANCE.
"The minute beginning at 3:00 p.m. (local time) on Memorial Day each year is designated as the 'National Moment of Remembrance'.
"SEC. 5. ESTABLISHMENT OF WHITE HOUSE COMMISSION ON THE NATIONAL MOMENT OF REMEMBRANCE.
"(a)
"(b)
"(1)
"(A) 4 members appointed by the President, including at least 1 representative of tribal governments.
"(B) The Secretary of Defense (or a designee).
"(C) The Secretary of Veterans Affairs (or a designee).
"(D) The Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution (or a designee).
"(E) The Director of the Office of Personnel Management (or a designee).
"(F) The Administrator of General Services (or a designee).
"(G) The Secretary of Transportation (or a designee).
"(H) The Secretary of Education (or a designee).
"(I) The Secretary of the Interior (or a designee).
"(J) The Executive Director of the President's Commission on White House Fellows (or a designee).
"(K) The Secretary of the Army (or a designee).
"(L) The Secretary of the Navy (or a designee).
"(M) The Secretary of the Air Force (or a designee).
"(N) The Commandant of the Marine Corps (or a designee).
"(O) The Commandant of the Coast Guard (or a designee).
"(P) The Executive Director and White House Liaison (or a designee).
"(Q) The Chief of Staff of the Army.
"(R) The Chief of Naval Operations.
"(S) The Chief of Staff of the Air Force.
"(T) Any other member, the appointment of whom the Commission determines is necessary to carry out this Act.
"(2)
"(3)
"(c)
"(1)
"(2)
"(A) shall not affect the powers of the Commission; and
"(B) shall be filled in the same manner as the original appointment was made.
"(d)
"(e)
"(f)
"(g)
"SEC. 6. DUTIES.
"(a)
"(1) encourage the people of the United States to give something back to their country, which provides them so much freedom and opportunity;
"(2) encourage national, State, local, and tribal participation by individuals and entities in commemoration of Memorial Day and the National Moment of Remembrance, including participation by—
"(A) national humanitarian and patriotic organizations;
"(B) elementary, secondary, and higher education institutions;
"(C) veterans' societies and civic, patriotic, educational, sporting, artistic, cultural, and historical organizations;
"(D) Federal departments and agencies; and
"(E) museums, including cultural and historical museums; and
"(3) provide national coordination for commemorations in the United States of Memorial Day and the National Moment of Remembrance.
"(b)
"(1)
"(2)
"(A) recommendations regarding appropriate activities to commemorate Memorial Day and the National Moment of Remembrance, including—
"(i) the production, publication, and distribution of books, pamphlets, films, and other educational materials;
"(ii) bibliographical and documentary projects and publications;
"(iii) conferences, convocations, lectures, seminars, and other similar programs;
"(iv) the development of exhibits for libraries, museums, and other appropriate institutions;
"(v) ceremonies and celebrations commemorating specific events that relate to the history of wars of the United States; and
"(vi) competitions, commissions, and awards regarding historical, scholarly, artistic, literary, musical, and other works, programs, and projects related to commemoration of Memorial Day and the National Moment of Remembrance;
"(B) recommendations to appropriate agencies or advisory bodies regarding the issuance by the United States of commemorative coins, medals, and stamps relating to Memorial Day and the National Moment of Remembrance;
"(C) recommendations for any legislation or administrative action that the Commission determines to be appropriate regarding the commemoration of Memorial Day and the National Moment of Remembrance;
"(D) an accounting of funds received and expended by the Commission in the fiscal year covered by the report, including a detailed description of the source and amount of any funds donated to the Commission in that fiscal year; and
"(E) a description of cooperative agreements and contracts entered into by the Commission.
"SEC. 7. POWERS.
"(a)
"(1)
"(2)
"(b)
"(1)
"(2)
"(c)
"(d)
"(e)
"(f)
"(1)
"(A) procure supplies, services, and property; and
"(B) enter into contracts, leases, and other legal agreements.
"(2)
"(A)
"(B)
"(3)
"(g)
"(1)
"(A) to be required to carry out the duties of the Commission; or
"(B) to be appropriate for use in connection with the commemoration of Memorial Day or the National Moment of Remembrance.
"(2)
"(A)
"(i) shall have the sole and exclusive right to use the name 'White House Commission on the National Moment of Remembrance' on any logo, emblem, seal, or descriptive or designating mark that the Commission lawfully adopts; and
"(ii) shall have the sole and exclusive right to allow or refuse the use by any other entity of the name 'White House Commission on the National Moment of Remembrance' on any logo, emblem, seal, or descriptive or designating mark.
"(B)
"(3)
"(4)
"SEC. 8. COMMISSION PERSONNEL MATTERS.
"(a)
"(1)
"(2)
"(b)
"(c)
"(1)
"(2)
"(A)
"(B)
"(d)
"(1)
"(2)
"(A)
"(i)
"(ii)
"(B)
"(3)
"(e)
"(f)
"(1)
"(A) carrying out the duties of the Commission under this Act; and
"(B) contributing to public awareness of and interest in Memorial Day and the National Moment of Remembrance.
"(2)
"(g)
"SEC. 9. REMEMBRANCE ALLIANCE.
"(a)
"(b)
"(1)
"(A) the print, broadcast, or other media industry;
"(B) the national sports community;
"(C) the recreation industry;
"(D) the entertainment industry;
"(E) the retail industry;
"(F) the food industry;
"(G) the health care industry;
"(H) the transportation industry;
"(I) the education community;
"(J) national veterans organizations; and
"(K) families that have lost loved ones in combat.
"(2)
"(3)
"(4)
"(c)
"(d)
"(1) planning, organizing, and implementing an annual White House Conference on the National Moment of Remembrance and other similar events;
"(2) promoting the observance of Memorial Day and the National Moment of Remembrance through appropriate means, subject to any guidelines developed by the Commission;
"(3) establishing necessary incentives for Federal, State, and local governments and private sector entities to sponsor and participate in programs initiated by the Commission or the Alliance;
"(4) evaluating the effectiveness of efforts by the Commission and the Alliance in carrying out this Act; and
"(5) carrying out such other duties as are assigned by the Commission.
"(e)
"(1)
"(2)
"(f)
"SEC. 10. EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR AND WHITE HOUSE LIAISON.
"(a)
"(1)
"(2)
"(b)
"(1) serve as a liaison between the Commission and the President;
"(2) serve as chief of staff of the Commission; and
"(3) coordinate the efforts of the Commission and the President on all matters relating to this Act, including matters relating to the National Moment of Remembrance.
"(c)
"[SEC. 11. Repealed. Pub. L. 110–161, div. H, title I, §1502(e), Dec. 26, 2007, 121 Stat. 2250 .]
"SEC. 12. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.
"There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this Act, to remain available until expended—
"(1) $500,000 for fiscal year 2001; and
"(2) $250,000 for each of fiscal years 2002 through 2009.
"SEC. 13. TERMINATION.
"The Commission shall terminate on the earlier of—
"(1) a date specified by the President that is at least 2 years after the date of enactment of this Act [Dec. 28, 2000]; or
"(2) the date that is 10 years after the date of enactment of this Act."
[For transfer of authorities, functions, personnel, and assets of the Coast Guard, including the authorities and functions of the Secretary of Transportation relating thereto, to the Department of Homeland Security, and for treatment of related references, see
§117. Mother's Day
(a)
(b)
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 117(a) | 36:142 (words before comma). | May 8, 1914, Pub. R. 25, |
| 117(b) | 36:141. 36:142 (words after comma). |
In subsection (b), the text of 36:142 (words after comma) is omitted as unnecessary.
§118. National Aviation Day
The President may issue each year a proclamation—
(1) designating August 19 as National Aviation Day;
(2) calling on United States Government officials to display the flag of the United States on all Government buildings on National Aviation Day; and
(3) inviting the people of the United States to observe National Aviation Day with appropriate exercises to further stimulate interest in aviation in the United States.
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 118 | 36:151. | May 11, 1939, ch. 123, |
§119. National Day of Prayer
The President shall issue each year a proclamation designating the first Thursday in May as a National Day of Prayer on which the people of the United States may turn to God in prayer and meditation at churches, in groups, and as individuals.
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 119 | 36:169h. | Apr. 17, 1952, ch. 216, |
§120. National Defense Transportation Day
The President is requested to issue each year a proclamation—
(1) designating the third Friday in May as National Defense Transportation Day; and
(2) urging the people of the United States, including labor, management, users, and investors, in all communities served by the various forms of transportation to observe National Defense Transportation Day by appropriate ceremonies that will give complete recognition to the importance to each community and its people of the transportation system of the United States and the maintenance of the facilities of the system in the most modern state of adequacy to serve the needs of the United States in times of peace and in national defense.
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 120 | 36:160. | May 16, 1957, |
In clause (2), the words "any of", "by land, by sea, and by air", and "and every" are omitted as unnecessary.
§121. National Disability Employment Awareness Month
(a)
(b)
(c)
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 121(a) | 36:155 (1st par. 1st sentence). | Aug. 11, 1945, ch. 363, |
| 121(b) | 36:155 (1st par. last sentence). 36:155 (last par. words after 1st comma). |
|
| 121(c) | 36:155 (last par. words before 1st comma). |
In subsection (b), the words "of States" and "of cities" are omitted as unnecessary. The words "governmental entities" are substituted for "instrumentalities of government" for consistency in the revised title and with other titles of the United States Code. The words "as well as leaders of industry, educational and religious groups, labor, veterans, women, farm, scientific and professional, and all other" are omitted as unnecessary.
§122. National Flag Week
The President is requested to issue each year a proclamation—
(1) designating the week in which June 14 falls as National Flag Week; and
(2) calling on citizens to display the flag of the United States during National Flag Week.
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 122 | 36:157a. | June 9, 1966, |
§123. National Forest Products Week
(a)
(b)
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 123(a) | 36:163 (words before comma). | Sept. 13, 1960, |
| 123(b) | 36:163 (words after comma). |
Executive Documents
Proc. No. 8442. National Forest Products Week
Proc. No. 8442, Oct. 23, 2009, 74 F.R. 55437, provided:
America's forests have helped spur the growth and development that has been indispensable to our Nation's success. They have provided timber and water, as well as habitat for wildlife and opportunities for recreational activities. As a repository for renewable natural resources, forests have supplied the raw materials that have sustained us throughout our history. During National Forest Products Week, we recognize the value of our woodlands and commit ourselves to good stewardship and conservation practices that help us to responsibly manage our Nation's forests.
As a renewable and recyclable resource, wood is one of our Nation's most environmentally friendly building materials. Wood fiber is used throughout our daily lives, from the paper we write on to the offices where we work. We value the beauty of wood in our furniture, in our homes, and in artwork that surrounds us. Today, modern technology and stewardship practices by Federal, State, tribal, and private landowners have improved the way we manage our natural resources so that forests can meet the needs of current and future generations.
Forests are one of the foundations on which our Nation was formed; they are the backbone of our environment. This week, we recognize the value of forest products and the importance of their sustainable use to our lives.
To recognize the importance of products from our forests, the Congress, by
NOW, THEREFORE, I, BARACK OBAMA, President of the United States of America, do hereby proclaim the week beginning on the third Sunday in October of each year as National Forest Products Week. I call on all Americans to celebrate the varied uses and products of our forested lands, as well as the people who carry on the tradition of careful stewardship of these precious natural resources for generations to come.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have hereunto set my hand this twenty-third day of October, in the year of our Lord two thousand nine, and of the Independence of the United States of America the two hundred and thirty-fourth.
Barack Obama.
§124. National Freedom Day
The President may issue each year a proclamation designating February 1 as National Freedom Day to commemorate the signing by Abraham Lincoln on February 1, 1865, of the joint resolution adopted by the Senate and the House of Representatives that proposed the 13th amendment to the Constitution.
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 124 | 36:156. | June 30, 1948, ch. 755, |
§125. National Grandparents Day
The President is requested to issue each year a proclamation—
(1) designating the first Sunday in September after Labor Day as National Grandparents Day; and
(2) calling on the people of the United States and interested groups and organizations to observe National Grandparents Day with appropriate ceremonies and activities.
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 125 | 36:142b. | Sept. 6, 1979, |
§126. National Hispanic Heritage Month
The President is requested to issue each year a proclamation—
(1) designating September 15 through October 15 as National Hispanic Heritage Month; and
(2) calling on the people of the United States, especially the educational community, to observe National Hispanic Heritage Month with appropriate ceremonies and activities.
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 126 | 36:169f. | Sept. 17, 1968, |
§127. National Korean War Veterans Armistice Day
(a)
(b)
(1) the people of the United States to observe National Korean War Veterans Armistice Day with appropriate ceremonies and activities; and
(2) all departments, agencies, and instrumentalities of the United States Government, and interested organizations, groups, and individuals, to fly the flag of the United States at halfstaff on July 27 of each year until 2003 in honor of the individuals who died as a result of their service in Korea.
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 127(a) | 36:169m (words before "and the President"). | July 27, 1995, |
| 127(b) | 36:169m (words after "Armistice Day' "). |
In subsection (b)(2), the words "departments, agencies, and instrumentalities" are substituted for "departments and agencies of the United States" for consistency in the revised title and with other titles of the United States Code.
§128. National Maritime Day
(a)
(b)
(1) the people of the United States to observe National Maritime Day by displaying the flag of the United States at their homes or other suitable places; and
(2) United States Government officials to display the flag on all Government buildings on National Maritime Day.
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 128(a) | 36:145 (words before comma). | May 20, 1933, ch. 36, |
| 128(b) | 36:145 (words after comma). |
§129. National Pearl Harbor Remembrance Day
(a)
(b)
(1) the people of the United States to observe National Pearl Harbor Remembrance Day with appropriate ceremonies and activities; and
(2) all departments, agencies, and instrumentalities of the United States Government, and interested organizations, groups, and individuals, to fly the flag of the United States at halfstaff each December 7 in honor of the individuals who died as a result of their service at Pearl Harbor.
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 129(a) | 36:169l (words before "and the President"). | Aug. 23, 1994, |
| 129(b) | 36:169l (words after "Remembrance Day' "). |
In subsection (b)(2), the words "departments, agencies, and instrumentalities of the United States Government" are substituted for "Federal agencies" for consistency in the revised title and with other titles of the United States Code.
§130. National Poison Prevention Week
The President is requested to issue each year a proclamation designating the third week in March as National Poison Prevention Week to aid in encouraging the people of the United States to learn of the dangers of accidental poisoning and to take preventive measures that are warranted by the seriousness of the danger.
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 130 | 36:165. | Sept. 26, 1961, |
Executive Documents
Proc. No. 8484. National Poison Prevention Week
Proc. No. 8484, Mar. 15, 2010, 75 F.R. 13215, provided:
Since 1962, during National Poison Prevention Week we alert American families about the dangers of accidental poisonings and provide information on safety measures that can prevent senseless injuries and deaths. With nearly two million poison exposures reported each year, we must take every precaution to guard against these preventable tragedies.
Sadly, more than half of all reported poisonings involve children under the age of six, and the vast majority take place in the home. Parents should keep household chemicals and medicines in child-proof containers, beyond the reach of their children. Thanks to safety regulations and awareness campaigns like National Poison Prevention Week, childhood death rates from unintentional poisonings have fallen considerably. However, adult death rates have steadily risen in recent years.
We must each remember to read labels thoroughly before taking medications, to keep medicines in their original packaging, and to dispose of them properly. Consulting a physician before combining prescription drugs or using them with alcohol also reduces our risks.
In the event of an accidental poisoning, crucial information and immediate action can save lives. Individuals can call the toll-free national poison control hotline at 1–800–222–1222 to be connected to one of dozens of local poison control centers, which are open 24 hours every day. These centers provide emergency assistance, offer guidance on poison prevention, and answer questions concerning potential exposure.
To encourage Americans to learn more about the dangers of accidental poisonings and to take appropriate preventive measures, the Congress, by joint resolution approved September 26, 1961, as amended (
NOW, THEREFORE, I, BARACK OBAMA, President of the United States of America, do hereby proclaim the third week of March of each year as National Poison Prevention Week. I call upon all Americans to observe this week by taking actions to protect their families from hazardous household materials and from the misuse of prescription medications.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have hereunto set my hand this fifteenth day of March, in the year of our Lord two thousand ten, and of the Independence of the United States of America the two hundred and thirty-fourth.
Barack Obama.
§131. National Safe Boating Week
The President is requested to issue each year a proclamation designating the 7-day period ending on the last Friday before Memorial Day as National Safe Boating Week.
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 131 | 36:161. | June 4, 1958, |
§132. National School Lunch Week
(a)
(b)
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 132(a) | 36:168 (words before comma). | Oct. 9, 1962, |
| 132(b) | 36:168 (words after comma). |
§133. National Transportation Week
The President is requested to issue each year a proclamation—
(1) designating the week that includes the third Friday of May as National Transportation Week; and
(2) inviting the people of the United States to observe National Transportation Week with appropriate ceremonies and activities as a tribute to the men and women who, night and day, move goods and individuals throughout the United States.
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 133 | 36:166. | May 14, 1962, |
§134. Pan American Aviation Day
The President may issue each year a proclamation—
(1) designating December 17 as Pan American Aviation Day; and
(2) calling on all officials of the United States Government, the chief executive offices of the States, territories, and possessions of the United States, and all citizens to participate in the observance of Pan American Aviation Day to further, and stimulate interest in, aviation in the American countries as an important stimulus to the further development of more rapid communications and a cultural development between the countries of the Western Hemisphere.
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 134 | 36:151a. | Oct. 10, 1940, ch. 840, |
In clause (2), the words "chief executive officers of the States, territories, and possessions of the United States" are substituted for "Governors of the fifty States, our possessions", and the word "countries" is substituted for "nations", for consistency in the revised title and with other titles of the United States Code.
§135. Parents' Day
(a)
(b)
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 135(a) | 36:142c. | Oct. 14, 1994, |
| 135(b) | 36:142c–1. |
In subsection (b), the word "entities" is substituted for "bodies" for consistency in the revised title and with other titles of the United States Code.
§136. Peace Officers Memorial Day
The President is requested to issue each year a proclamation—
(1) designating May 15 as Peace Officers Memorial Day in honor of Federal, State, and local officers killed or disabled in the line of duty;
(2) directing United States Government officials to display the flag of the United States at halfstaff on all Government buildings on Peace Officers Memorial Day, as provided by
(3) inviting State and local governments and the people of the United States to observe Peace Officers Memorial Day with appropriate ceremonies and activities, including the display of the flag at halfstaff.
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 136 | 36:167(1), (2), (4) (related to Peace Officers Memorial Day). | Oct. 1, 1962, |
In clause (2), the reference to
§137. Police Week
The President is requested to issue each year a proclamation—
(1) designating the week in which May 15 occurs as Police Week in recognition of the service given by men and women who stand guard to protect the people of the United States through law enforcement; and
(2) inviting State and local governments and the people of the United States to observe Police Week with appropriate ceremonies and activities, including the display of the flag at halfstaff.
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 137 | 36:167(3), (4) (related to Police Week). | Oct. 1, 1962, |
In clause (1), the words "night and day" and "in our midst" are omitted as unnecessary.
§138. Save Your Vision Week
The President is requested to issue each year a proclamation—
(1) designating the first week in March as Save Your Vision Week;
(2) inviting the governors and mayors of State and local governments to issue proclamations designating the first week in March as Save Your Vision Week;
(3) inviting the communications media, health care professions, and other agencies and individuals concerned with programs for the improvement of vision to unite during Save Your Vision Week in public activities to convince the people of the United States of the importance of vision to their welfare and the welfare of the United States; and
(4) urging the media, health care professions, and other agencies and individuals to support programs to improve and protect the vision of the people of the United States.
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 138 | 36:169a. | Dec. 30, 1963, |
In clause (3), the words "consider including in such proclamation" and "press, radio, television, and other" are omitted as unnecessary.
§139. Steelmark Month
(a)
(b)
(c)
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 139(a) | 36:169e (1st sentence 1st–13th words). | Nov. 2, 1966, |
| 139(b) | 36:169e (1st sentence 14th–last words). | |
| 139(c) | 36:169e (last sentence). |
In subsection (c), the word "activities" is substituted for "proceedings" for consistency in this chapter.
§140. Stephen Foster Memorial Day
The President may issue each year a proclamation—
(1) designating January 13 as Stephen Foster Memorial Day; and
(2) calling on the people of the United States to observe Stephen Foster Memorial Day with appropriate ceremonies, pilgrimages to his shrines, and musical programs featuring his compositions.
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 140 | 36:158. | Oct. 27, 1951, ch. 593, |
§141. Thomas Jefferson's birthday
The President shall issue each year a proclamation—
(1) calling on officials of the United States Government to display the flag of the United States on all Government buildings on April 13; and
(2) inviting the people of the United States to observe April 13 in schools and churches, or other suitable places, with appropriate ceremonies in commemoration of Thomas Jefferson's birthday.
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 141 | 36:149. | Aug. 16, 1937, ch. 666, |
§142. White Cane Safety Day
The President may issue each year a proclamation—
(1) designating October 15 as White Cane Safety Day; and
(2) calling on the people of the United States to observe White Cane Safety Day with appropriate ceremonies and activities.
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 142 | 36:169d. | Oct. 6, 1964, |
§143. Wright Brothers Day
(a)
(b)
(c)
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 143(a) | 36:169 (1st sentence words before 1st comma). | Dec. 17, 1963, |
| 143(b) | 36:169 (1st sentence words after 1st comma). | |
| 143(c) | 36:169 (last sentence). |
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
Centennial of Flight Commemoration Act
§144. Patriot Day
(a)
(b)
(1) State and local governments and the people of the United States to observe Patriot Day with appropriate programs and activities;
(2) all departments, agencies, and instrumentalities of the United States and interested organizations and individuals to display the flag of the United States at halfstaff on Patriot Day in honor of the individuals who lost their lives as a result of the terrorist attacks against the United States that occurred on September 11, 2001; and
(3) the people of the United States to observe a moment of silence on Patriot Day in honor of the individuals who lost their lives as a result of the terrorist attacks against the United States that occurred on September 11, 2001.
(Added
§145. Veterans Day
The President shall issue each year a proclamation calling on the people of the United States to observe two minutes of silence on Veterans Day in honor of the service and sacrifice of veterans throughout the history of the Nation, beginning at—
(1) 3:11 p.m. Atlantic standard time;
(2) 2:11 p.m. eastern standard time;
(3) 1:11 p.m. central standard time;
(4) 12:11 p.m. mountain standard time;
(5) 11:11 a.m. Pacific standard time;
(6) 10:11 a.m. Alaska standard time; and
(7) 9:11 a.m. Hawaii-Aleutian standard time.
(Added
§146. National Atomic Veterans Day
The President shall issue each year a proclamation calling on the people of the United States to—
(1) observe Atomic Veterans Day with appropriate ceremonies and activities; and
(2) remember and honor the atomic veterans of the United States whose brave service and sacrifice played an important role in the defense of the Nation.
(Added
Editorial Notes
Prior Provisions
Another
§147. Choose Respect Day
(a)
(b)
(Added
Editorial Notes
Amendments
2023—
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
Effective Date
Section not effective until Oct. 1 of the first fiscal year beginning after Mar. 15, 2022, see section 4(a) of div. W of
§148. U.S. Hostage and Wrongful Detainee Day
(a)
(b)
(Added
CHAPTER 3 —NATIONAL ANTHEM, MOTTO, FLORAL EMBLEM, MARCH, AND TREE
Editorial Notes
Amendments
2014—
2004—
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
National Bison Legacy
"SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.
"This Act may be cited as the 'National Bison Legacy Act'.
"SEC. 2. FINDINGS.
"Congress finds that—
"(1) bison are considered a historical symbol of the United States;
"(2) bison were integrally linked with the economic and spiritual lives of many Indian tribes through trade and sacred ceremonies;
"(3) there are more than 60 Indian tribes participating in the Intertribal Buffalo Council;
"(4) numerous members of Indian tribes are involved in bison restoration on tribal land;
"(5) members of Indian tribes have a combined herd on more than 1,000,000 acres of tribal land;
"(6) the Intertribal Buffalo Council is a tribal organization incorporated pursuant to section 17 of the Act of June 18, 1934 (commonly known as the 'Indian Reorganization Act') (
"(7) bison can play an important role in improving the types of grasses found in landscapes to the benefit of grasslands;
"(8) a small group of ranchers helped save bison from extinction in the late 1800s by gathering the remnants of the decimated herds;
"(9) bison hold significant economic value for private producers and rural communities;
"(10) according to the 2012 Census of Agriculture of the Department of Agriculture, as of 2012, 162,110 head of bison were under the stewardship of private producers, creating jobs and providing a sustainable and healthy meat source contributing to the food security of the United States;
"(11) on December 8, 1905, William Hornaday, Theodore Roosevelt, and others formed the American Bison Society in response to the near extinction of bison in the United States;
"(12) on October 11, 1907, the American Bison Society sent 15 captive-bred bison from the New York Zoological Park, now known as the 'Bronx Zoo', to the first wildlife refuge in the United States, which was known as the 'Wichita Mountains Wildlife Refuge', resulting in the first successful reintroduction of a mammal species on the brink of extinction back into the natural habitat of the species;
"(13) in 2005, the American Bison Society was reestablished, bringing together bison ranchers, managers from Indian tribes, Federal and State agencies, conservation organizations, and natural and social scientists from the United States, Canada, and Mexico to create a vision for the North American bison in the 21st century;
"(14) there are bison herds in National Wildlife Refuges and National Parks;
"(15) there are bison in State-managed herds across 11 States;
"(16) there is a growing effort to celebrate and officially recognize the historical, cultural, and economic significance of the North American bison to the heritage of the United States;
"(17) a bison is portrayed on 2 State flags;
"(18) the bison has been adopted by 3 States as the official mammal or animal of those States;
"(19) a bison has been depicted on the official seal of the Department of the Interior since 1912;
"(20) the buffalo nickel played an important role in modernizing the currency of the United States;
"(21) several sports teams have the bison as a mascot, which highlights the iconic significance of bison in the United States;
"(22) in the 2nd session of the 113th Congress, 22 Senators led a successful effort to enact a resolution to designate November 1, 2014, as the third annual National Bison Day; and
"(23) members of Indian tribes, bison producers, conservationists, sportsmen, educators, and other public and private partners have participated in the annual National Bison Day celebration at several events across the United States and are committed to continuing this tradition annually on the first Saturday of November.
"SEC. 3. ESTABLISHMENT AND ADOPTION OF THE NORTH AMERICAN BISON AS THE NATIONAL MAMMAL.
"(a)
"(b)
§301. National anthem
(a)
(b)
(1) when the flag is displayed—
(A) individuals in uniform should give the military salute at the first note of the anthem and maintain that position until the last note;
(B) members of the Armed Forces and veterans who are present but not in uniform may render the military salute in the manner provided for individuals in uniform; and
(C) all other persons present should face the flag and stand at attention with their right hand over the heart, and men not in uniform, if applicable, should remove their headdress with their right hand and hold it at the left shoulder, the hand being over the heart; and
(2) when the flag is not displayed, all present should face toward the music and act in the same manner they would if the flag were displayed.
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 301(a) | 36:170. | Mar. 3, 1931, ch. 436, |
| 301(b) | 36:171. | June 22, 1942, ch. 435, §6, |
Editorial Notes
Amendments
2008—Subsec. (b)(1)(A) to (C).
"(A) all present except those in uniform should stand at attention facing the flag with the right hand over the heart;
"(B) men not in uniform should remove their headdress with their right hand and hold the headdress at the left shoulder, the hand being over the heart; and
"(C) individuals in uniform should give the military salute at the first note of the anthem and maintain that position until the last note; and".
§302. National motto
"In God we trust" is the national motto.
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 302 | 36:186. | July 30, 1956, ch. 795, |
Editorial Notes
Amendments
2002—
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
Reaffirmation of Language
§303. National floral emblem
The flower commonly known as the rose is the national floral emblem.
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 303 | 36:187. | Oct. 7, 1986, |
The text of 36:187 (words after comma) is omitted as executed because the proclamation was made on November 20, 1986. See Proclamation No. 5574, 51 Fed. Reg. 42197.
Executive Documents
Proc. No. 5574. The Rose Proclaimed the National Floral Emblem of the United States of America
Proc. No. 5574, Nov. 20, 1986, 51 F.R. 42197, provided:
Americans have always loved the flowers with which God decorates our land. More often than any other flower, we hold the rose dear as the symbol of life and love and devotion, of beauty and eternity. For the love of man and woman, for the love of mankind and God, for the love of country, Americans who would speak the language of the heart do so with a rose.
We see proofs of this everywhere. The study of fossils reveals that the rose has existed in America for age upon age. We have always cultivated roses in our gardens. Our first President, George Washington, bred roses, and a variety he named after his mother is still grown today. The White House itself boasts a beautiful Rose Garden. We grow roses in all our fifty States. We find roses throughout our art, music, and literature. We decorate our celebrations and parades with roses. Most of all, we present roses to those we love, and we lavish them on our altars, our civil shrines, and the final resting places of our honored dead.
The American people have long held a special place in their hearts for roses. Let us continue to cherish them, to honor the love and devotion they represent, and to bestow them on all we love just as God has bestowed them on us.
The Congress, by Senate Joint Resolution 159 [
NOW, THEREFORE, I, RONALD REAGAN, President of the United States of America, do hereby proclaim the rose as the National Floral Emblem of the United States of America.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have hereunto set my hand this twentieth day of November, in the year of our Lord nineteen hundred and eighty-six, and of the Independence of the United States of America the two hundred and eleventh.
Ronald Reagan.
§304. National march
The composition by John Philip Sousa entitled "The Stars and Stripes Forever" is the national march.
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 304 | 36:188. | Dec. 11, 1987, |
§305. National tree
The tree genus Quercus, commonly known as the oak tree, is the national tree.
(Added
CHAPTER 5 —PRESIDENTIAL INAUGURAL CEREMONIES
Editorial Notes
Amendments
2006—
§501. Definitions
For purposes of this chapter—
(1) "Inaugural Committee" means the committee appointed by the President-elect to be in charge of the Presidential inaugural ceremony and functions and activities connected with the ceremony; and
(2) "inaugural period" means the period that includes the day on which the Presidential inaugural ceremony is held, the 5 calendar days immediately preceding that day, and the 4 calendar days immediately following that day.
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 501 | 36:721(b). | Aug. 6, 1956, ch. 974, §1(b), |
| 36:730. | Aug. 6, 1956, ch. 974, §10, as added Jan. 30, 1968, |
In this chapter, the word "Mayor" is substituted for "Commissioners" in the Presidential Inaugural Ceremonies Act (ch. 974,
In this section, the text of 36:721(b)(3)–(5) is omitted because the complete names of the Mayor of the District of Columbia and the Secretaries of Defense and of the Interior are used the first time the terms appear in a section.
§502. Regulations, licenses, and registration tags
(a)
(1) prescribe reasonable regulations necessary to preserve public order and protect life, health, and property;
(2) prescribe special regulations related to the standing, movement, and operation of vehicles; and
(3) grant special licenses to peddlers and vendors to sell merchandise in places the Council considers proper, subject to conditions and fees for the licenses the Council considers proper.
(b)
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 502(a) | 36:722(a). | Aug. 6, 1956, ch. 974, §2, |
| 502(b) | 36:722(b). 36:730. |
Aug. 6, 1956, ch. 974, §10, as added Jan. 30, 1968, |
In this chapter, the words "Council of the District of Columbia" are substituted for "District of Columbia Council" because of sections 401 and 711 of the District of Columbia Self-Government and Governmental Reorganization Act (
In subsection (a)(2), the words "of whatever character or kind during such period" are omitted as unnecessary.
In subsection (a)(3), the words "the privilege of", "goods, wares, and", and "in the District of Columbia" are omitted as unnecessary.
In subsection (b), the words "both duly registered . . . and unregistered", "a period", and "the occasion of" are omitted as unnecessary.
§503. Use of reservations, grounds, and public spaces
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 503(a) | 36:724 (1st, 2d sentences). | Aug. 6, 1956, ch. 974, §4, |
| 36:730. | Aug. 6, 1956, ch. 974, §10, as added Jan. 30, 1968, |
|
| 503(b) | 36:724 (3d sentence). 36:730. |
|
| 503(c) | 36:724 (4th sentence). | |
| 503(d) | 36:724 (last sentence). |
In subsection (a), the words "restrictions, terms, and" are omitted as unnecessary. The word "prescribes" is substituted for "imposed" for consistency in the revised title and with other titles of the United States Code.
In subsection (b), the words "With respect to public space", "goods, wares", "sidewalk, street, park, reservation, or other", and "depending on the location of such stand or structure" are omitted as unnecessary.
In subsection (d), the words "department, agency, or instrumentality" are substituted for "agency" for consistency in the revised title and with other titles of the United States Code. The words "or agencies" are omitted because of 1:1.
§504. Installation and removal of electrical facilities
(a)
(b)
(c)
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 504(a) | 36:725 (1st, 2d sentences). | Aug. 6, 1956, ch. 974, §5 (1st–3d, last sentences), |
| 36:730. | Aug. 6, 1956, ch. 974, §10, as added Jan. 30, 1968, |
|
| 504(b) | 36:725 (3d sentence). | |
| 504(c) | 36:725 (last sentence). |
In subsection (a), the words "lighting or other" and "for illumination or other purposes" are omitted as unnecessary.
In subsection (c), the words "illumination or other" are omitted as unnecessary. The words "department, agency, or instrumentality" are substituted for "agency" for consistency in the revised title and with other titles of the United States Code. The words "or agencies" are omitted because of 1:1. The words "in connection with the installation, operation, or removal of a temporary overhead conductor or electrical facility" are added for clarity.
§505. Extension of wires along parade routes
The Mayor of the District of Columbia, the Secretary of the Interior, and the Inaugural Committee may allow communications companies to extend overhead wires to places along a parade route that are considered convenient for use in connection with the parade and other inaugural purposes. The wires shall be removed not later than 10 days after the inaugural period ends.
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 505 | 36:727. | Aug. 6, 1956, ch. 974, §7, |
| 36:730. | Aug. 6, 1956, ch. 974, §10, as added Jan. 30, 1968, |
The words "communications companies" are substituted for "telegraph, telephone, radio-broadcasting, and television companies" to eliminate unnecessary words.
§506. Duration of regulations and licenses and publication of regulations
Regulations prescribed and licenses authorized under this chapter are effective only during the inaugural period. The regulations shall be published in at least one daily newspaper published in the District of Columbia. A penalty prescribed for violating such a regulation may not be enforced until 5 days after publication.
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 506 | 36:728 (1st, 2d sentences). | Aug. 6, 1956, ch. 974, §8 (1st, 2d sentences), |
The words "full force and" are omitted as unnecessary.
§507. Application to other property
This chapter does not apply to the United States Capitol Buildings or Grounds or other property under the jurisdiction of Congress or a committee, commission, or officer of Congress. A service or facility authorized by or under this chapter is available for the property on request or approval of the joint committee of the Senate and House of Representatives appointed by the President of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives to arrange for the inauguration of the President-elect and the Vice President-elect.
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 507 | 36:729. | Aug. 6, 1956, ch. 974, §9, |
§508. Enforcement
The Mayor of the District of Columbia, or other official having jurisdiction in the premises, shall enforce this chapter, take necessary precautions to protect the public, and ensure that the pavement of any street, sidewalk, avenue, or alley disturbed or damaged is restored to its prior condition.
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 508 | 36:725 (4th sentence). | Aug. 6, 1956, ch. 974, §5 (4th sentence), |
| 36:730. | Aug. 6, 1956, ch. 974, §10, as added Jan. 30, 1968, |
§509. Penalty
A person violating a regulation prescribed under this chapter shall be fined under title 18 or imprisoned for not more than 30 days. A separate violation occurs under this section for each day the violation continues.
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 509 | 36:728 (3d, last sentences). | Aug. 6, 1956, ch. 974, §8 (3d, last sentences), |
The words "by the Council of the District of Columbia" and "the authority of" are omitted as unnecessary. The words "under title 18" are substituted for "not more than $100" for consistency with title 18. The words "A separate violation occurs under this section for each day the violation continues" are substituted for 36:728 (last sentence) for consistency in the revised title and with other titles of the United States Code and to eliminate unnecessary words.
§510. Disclosure of and prohibition on certain donations
(a)
(b)
(1)
(2)
(A) the amount of the donation;
(B) the date the donation is received; and
(C) the name and address of the person making the donation.
(c)
(Added
Editorial Notes
References in Text
The Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971, referred to in subsec. (c), is
Prior Provisions
A prior section 510 was renumbered
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
Effective Date
Section effective Nov. 6, 2002, see section 402 of
1 See References in Text note below.
§511. Authorization of appropriations
(a)
(1) to enable the Mayor of the District of Columbia to provide additional municipal services in the District of Columbia during the inaugural period, including—
(A) employment of personal services without regard to chapters 33 and 51 and subchapter III of
(B) travel expenses of enforcement personnel, including sanitarians, from other jurisdictions;
(C) the hiring of the means of transportation;
(D) meals for policemen, firemen, and other municipal employees;
(E) the cost of removing and relocating streetcar loading platforms, construction, rent, maintenance, and expenses incident to the operation of temporary public comfort stations, first-aid stations, and information booths; and
(F) other incidental expenses in the discretion of the Mayor; and
(2) to enable the Secretary of the Interior to provide meals for the members of the United States Park Police during the inaugural period.
(b)
(1) subsection (a)(1) of this section are payable in the same way as other appropriations for the expenses of the District of Columbia; and
(2) subsection (a)(2) of this section are payable in the same way as other appropriations for the expenses of the Department of the Interior.
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 510(a) | 36:723 (less words between 1st and 2d commas and between next-to-last and last commas). | Aug. 6, 1956, ch. 974, §3, |
| 36:730. | Aug. 6, 1956, ch. 974, §10, as added Jan. 30, 1968, |
|
| 510(b) | 36:723 (words between 1st and 2d commas and between next-to-last and last commas). |
In subsection (a)(1)(A), the words "chapters 33 and 51 and subchapter III of
Editorial Notes
Amendments
2002—
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
Effective Date of 2002 Amendment
Amendment by
CHAPTER 7 —FEDERAL PARTICIPATION IN CARL GARNER FEDERAL LANDS CLEANUP DAY
§701. Findings
Congress finds that—
(1) Federal lands, parks, recreation areas, and waterways provide recreational opportunities for millions of Americans each year;
(2) Federal lands administered by Federal land management agencies contain valuable wildlife, scenery, natural and historic features, and other resources which may be damaged by litter and misuse;
(3) it is in the best interest of the United States and its citizens to maintain and preserve the beauty, safety, and availability of these Federal lands;
(4) these Federal land management agencies have been designated as the caretakers of these Federal lands and are responsible for maintaining and preserving those areas and facilities;
(5) there is great value in volunteer involvement in maintaining and preserving Federal lands for recreational use;
(6) the Federal land management agencies should be concerned with promoting a sense of pride and ownership among citizens toward these lands;
(7) the use of citizen volunteers in a national cleanup effort promotes these goals and encourages the thoughtful use of these Federal lands and facilities;
(8) the positive impact of annual cleanup events held at various recreation sites has already been proven by steadily declining levels of litter at these sites; and
(9) a national program for cleaning and maintaining Federal lands using volunteers will save millions of tax dollars.
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 701 | 36:169i note. | Aug. 27, 1986, |
In clause (2), the words "the several" are omitted as unnecessary.
§702. Definition
For purposes of this chapter, "Federal land management agency" includes—
(1) the Forest Service of the Department of Agriculture;
(2) the Bureau of Land Management of the Department of the Interior;
(3) the National Park Service of the Department of the Interior;
(4) the Fish and Wildlife Service of the Department of the Interior;
(5) the Bureau of Reclamation of the Department of the Interior; and
(6) the Army Corps of Engineers.
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 702 | 36:169i–1(a)(2). | Aug. 27, 1986, |
§703. Duties of Federal land management agency
To observe Carl Garner Federal Lands Cleanup Day at the Federal level, each Federal land management agency shall organize, coordinate, and participate with citizen volunteers and State and local authorities in cleaning and providing for the maintenance of Federal public land, recreation areas, and waterways within the jurisdiction of the agency.
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 703 | 36:169i–1(a)(1). | Aug. 27, 1986, |
The word "authorities" is substituted for "agencies" for consistency in the revised title and with other titles of the United States Code.
§704. Activities
In cooperation with appropriate State and local government authorities, each Federal land management agency shall plan for and carry out activities on Carl Garner Federal Lands Cleanup Day that—
(1) encourage continuing public and private sector cooperation in preserving the beauty and safety of areas within the jurisdiction of the agency;
(2) increase citizens' sense of ownership and community pride in those areas;
(3) reduce litter on Federal lands, along trails and waterways, and within those areas; and
(4) maintain and improve trails, recreation areas, waterways, and facilities.
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 704 | 36:169i–1(b). | Aug. 27, 1986, |
In this section, before clause (1), the word "county" is omitted as unnecessary. The word "authorities" is substituted for "agencies" for consistency in the revised title and with other titles of the United States Code.
CHAPTER 9 —MISCELLANEOUS
Editorial Notes
Amendments
2023—
2002—
§901. Service flag and service lapel button
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 901(a) | 36:179. | Oct. 17, 1942, ch. 615, |
| 901(b) | 36:180. | |
| 901(c) | 36:181. | |
| 901(d) | 36:182. |
In subsection (c), the text of 36:181 (1st sentence) is omitted as executed. The word "Thereafter" is omitted as obsolete. The words "is liable to the United States Government for a civil penalty of" are substituted for "shall, upon conviction thereof, be fined" for consistency in the revised title and with other titles of the United States Code.
§902. National League of Families POW/MIA flag
(a)
(b)
(1) as the symbol of the Nation's concern and commitment to achieving the fullest possible accounting of Americans who, having been prisoners of war or missing in action, still remain unaccounted for; and
(2) as the symbol of the Nation's commitment to achieving the fullest possible accounting for Americans who in the future may become prisoners of war, missing in action, or otherwise unaccounted for as a result of hostile action.
(c)
(d)
(1) The Capitol.
(2) The White House.
(3) The World War II Memorial, the Korean War Veterans Memorial, and the Vietnam Veterans Memorial.
(4) Each national cemetery.
(5) The buildings containing the official office of—
(A) the Secretary of State;
(B) the Secretary of Defense;
(C) the Secretary of Veterans Affairs; and
(D) the Director of the Selective Service System.
(6) Each major military installation, as designated by the Secretary of Defense.
(7) Each medical center of the Department of Veterans Affairs.
(8) Each United States Postal Service post office.
(e)
(f)
(g)
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 902(a) | 36:189. | Aug. 10, 1990, |
| 902(b) | 36:189 note. | Dec. 5, 1991, |
| 902(c) | 36:189 note. | Dec. 5, 1991, |
In subsection (b), the text of section 1084(c) of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Years 1992 and 1993 (
Pub. L. 105–354
This amends
Section 1082(g) of that Act, which defined "POW/MIA flag" as used in section 1082 by reference to section 2 of
Section 1082(h), which required that regulations be prescribed no later than 180 days after enactment of
Section 1082(i), which required that the Administrator of GSA procure and distribute POW/MIA flags no later than 30 days after enactment of
Section 1082(j), which repealed section 1084 of
Editorial Notes
Amendments
2019—Subsec. (c).
2002—Subsec. (c)(2).
Subsec. (d)(3).
1998—Subsecs. (b) to (g).
"(b)
"(1) at each national cemetery and at the National Vietnam Veterans Memorial each year on Memorial Day and Veterans Day and on any day designated by law as National POW/MIA Recognition Day; and
"(2) on, or on the grounds of, the buildings containing the primary offices of the Secretaries of State, Defense, and Veterans Affairs, and the Director of the Selective Service System on any day designated by law as National POW/MIA Recognition Day.
"(c)
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
Display on Existing Flagpole
§903. Designation of Medal of Honor Flag
(a)
(b)
(Added
Editorial Notes
References in Text
Amendments
2018—Subsec. (b).
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
Effective Date of 2018 Amendment
Amendment by
Findings
"(1) the Medal of Honor is the highest award for valor in action against an enemy force which can be bestowed upon an individual serving in the Armed Forces of the United States;
"(2) the Medal of Honor was established by Congress during the Civil War to recognize soldiers who had distinguished themselves by gallantry in action;
"(3) the Medal of Honor was conceived by Senator James Grimes of the State of Iowa in 1861; and
"(4) the Medal of Honor is the Nation's highest military honor, awarded for acts of personal bravery or self-sacrifice above and beyond the call of duty."
Presentation of Medal of Honor Flag
1 See References in Text note below.
§904. Hostage and Wrongful Detainee flag
(a)
(b)
(1)
(2)
(A) U.S. Hostage and Wrongful Detainee Day, March 9.
(B) Flag Day, June 14.
(C) Independence Day, July 4.
(D) Any day on which a citizen or lawful permanent resident of the United States—
(i) returns to the United States from being held hostage or wrongfully detained abroad; or
(ii) dies while being held hostage or wrongfully detained abroad.
(3)
(A) The Capitol.
(B) The White House.
(C) The buildings containing the official office of—
(i) the Secretary of State; and
(ii) the Secretary of Defense.
(c)
(d)
(Added
Part B—United States Government Organizations Involved With Observances and Ceremonies
CHAPTER 21 —AMERICAN BATTLE MONUMENTS COMMISSION
Editorial Notes
Amendments
2016—
1999—
§2101. Membership
(a)
(b)
(1) their actual expenses related to the work of the Commission;
(2) when in a travel status outside the continental United States, a per diem at the rate authorized to be paid for members of the uniformed services under
(3) when in a travel status in the continental United States, a per diem at the rate authorized to be paid under
(c)
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 2101(a) | 36:121 (1st par.). | Mar. 4, 1923, ch. 283, §1 (1st par.), |
| 2101(b) | 36:121 (2d par.). | Mar. 4, 1923, ch. 283, §1 (2d par.), |
| 36:121 (last par.). | Mar. 4, 1923, ch. 283, §1 (last par.), |
|
| 2101(c) | 36:122. | Sept. 26, 1996, |
In subsection (a), the words "from time to time" are omitted as unnecessary.
In subsection (b), before clause (1), the text of 36:121 (last par.) is omitted as executed. In clauses (2) and (3), the word "same" is omitted as unnecessary. In clause (2), the words "authorized to be paid" are substituted for "prescribed" for consistency with clause (3) and 37:405.
Subsection (c) is based on 36:122 which is from the 2d proviso in the paragraph under the heading "American Battle Monuments Commission" in title III of the Departments of Veterans Affairs and Housing and Urban Development, and Independent Agencies Appropriations Act, 1997 (
Editorial Notes
Amendments
2022—Subsec. (b)(2).
2013—Subsec. (b)(2).
2011—Subsec. (b)(2).
1999—Subsec. (b)(2).
Subsec. (b)(3).
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
Effective Date of 2013 Amendment
§2102. Employment of personnel
(a)
(1) at least 50 individuals in the competitive service (as defined in
(2) at least 348 individuals who are citizens of the countries where the cemeteries, monuments, and memorials are located.
(b)
(c)
(d)
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 2102(a) | 36:121 (3d par. 2d, 3d sentences). | Mar. 4, 1923, ch. 283, §1 (3d par.), |
| 2102(b) | 36:121 (3d par. 1st sentence). 36:122a. |
Sept. 26, 1996, |
| 2102(c) | 36:121b. | |
| 2102(d) | 36:121 (3d par. last sentence). |
In subsection (a) before clause (1), the words "or appropriations" are omitted because of 1:1. The words "further" and "under the jurisdiction of the Commission" are omitted as unnecessary. In clause (2), the words "who shall be hired for local employment relating to the care and maintenance of such cemeteries, monuments, and memorials" are omitted as unnecessary.
Subsections (b) and (c) are based in part on 36:121b and 122a, which are from the first and last provisos in the paragraph under the heading "American Battle Monuments Commission" in title III of the Departments of Veterans Affairs and Housing and Urban Development, and Independent Agencies Appropriations Act, 1997 (
In subsection (b), the words "departments, agencies, and instrumentalities" are substituted for "departments or agencies" and "departments, agencies, and services" in 36:121 and "agencies" in 36:122a for consistency in the revised title and with other titles of the United States Code. The words "or of the Army, Navy, Air Force, or Marine Corps" in 36:121 and "including the Armed Forces" in 36:122a are omitted as included in "department, agency, or instrumentality". The words "as the case may be" in 36:121 are omitted as unnecessary. The word "salary" in 36:122a is omitted as included in "pay".
In subsection (c), the words "Secretary of the Army" are substituted for "Department of the Army" because of 10:3013(a)(1).
Pub. L. 105–354
This amends
Editorial Notes
Amendments
1999—Subsec. (a)(1).
1998—Subsec. (b).
§2103. Administrative
(a)
(1) acquire land or an interest in land in a foreign country to carry out the purposes of this chapter, or an executive order conferring duties and powers on the Commission, without submission to the Attorney General under
(2) maintain, repair, and operate motor-propelled passenger-carrying vehicles and other property that another department, agency, or instrumentality of the United States Government provides to the Commission;
(3) establish offices in the District of Columbia and elsewhere in or outside the United States;
(4) rent office and garage space, which may be paid for in advance, in foreign countries; and
(5) procure printing, binding, engraving, lithographing, photographing, and typewriting, including the publication of information on United States activities, battlefields, memorials, and cemeteries with respect to which the Commission may exercise any duties and powers.
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(2) The Commission shall establish written guidelines setting forth the criteria to be used in determining whether the acceptance of funds and in-kind donations and gifts under paragraph (1) would—
(A) reflect unfavorably on the ability of the Commission, or any member or employee of the Commission, to carry out the responsibilities or official duties of the Commission in a fair and objective manner; or
(B) compromise the integrity or the appearance of the integrity of the programs of the Commission or any official involved in those programs.
(f)
(g)
(h)
(i)
(j)
(k)
(
In this section, the word "terms" is omitted as included in "conditions".
In subsection (a), before clause (1), the words "or appropriations" are omitted because of 1:1. In clauses (1) and (5), the words "duties and powers" are substituted for "functions" for consistency in the revised title and with other titles of the United States Code. In clause (2), the words "department, agency, or instrumentality" are substituted for "departments" for consistency in the revised title and with other titles of the Code.
In subsection (b), the text of 36:137 is omitted as superseded. The words "which has been or may after June 26, 1946, be" and "Provided, That this subsection shall not be effective until the expiration of the Surplus Property Act of 1944" are omitted as obsolete. Section 38 of the Surplus Property Act of 1944 (ch. 479,
In subsection (c), the words "in its discretion", "by contract or otherwise", and "firms of architects" are omitted as unnecessary.
Editorial Notes
Amendments
2012—Subsec. (h).
2002—Subsec. (a)(1).
1999—Subsec. (d).
Subsec. (e).
Subsec. (h)(2)(A)(i).
Subsec. (i).
§2104. Military cemeteries in foreign countries
When, as a result of combat operations, the Armed Forces establish military cemeteries in zones of operations outside the United States and the territories and possessions of the United States, the American Battle Monuments Commission and the Secretary of the Army, immediately on the cessation of hostilities, shall decide which of the cemeteries will become permanent cemeteries or, if they decide it is desirable, shall select new sites for the cemeteries at any other location. The Commission is solely responsible for the design and construction of the permanent cemeteries, and of all buildings, plantings, headstones, and other permanent improvements incidental to the cemeteries, except that—
(1) the Armed Forces are responsible for maintaining the permanent cemeteries until the Commission declares its readiness to assume the authorized administrative duties and powers;
(2) all construction undertaken by the Armed Forces in establishing and maintaining the cemetery prior to its transfer to the Commission shall be nonpermanent;
(3) burials and reburials by the Armed Forces shall be carried out in accordance with plans prepared by the Commission; and
(4) the Armed Forces have the right to re-enter a cemetery transferred to the Commission to exhume or re-inter a body if they decide it is necessary.
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 2104 | 36:122b. | Mar. 4, 1923, ch. 283, §2, as added July 25, 1956, ch. 721, §3(a), |
In this section, before clause (1), the words "so established, if any" are omitted as unnecessary. In clause (1), the words "such time as" are omitted as unnecessary. The words "duties and powers" are substituted for "functions" for consistency in the revised title and with other titles of the United States Code. In clause (2), the words "in nature" are omitted as unnecessary.
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
Restoration, Operation, and Maintenance of Clark Veterans Cemetery
"(a)
"(b)
"(c)
"(1) $5,000,000 for site preparation, design, planning, construction, and associated administrative costs for the restoration of the cemetery described in subsection (a); and
"(2) amounts necessary to operate and maintain the cemetery described in subsection (a)."
§2105. Monuments built by the United States Government
(a)
(b)
(c)
(2) The Commission shall control the design and prescribe regulations for the building of all memorial monuments and buildings commemorating the service of American Armed Forces that are built in a foreign country or political division of the foreign country that authorizes the Commission to carry out those duties and powers.
(d)
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 2105(a) | 36:123 (1st par. 1st sentence). | Mar. 4, 1923, ch. 283, §3, |
| 2105(b) | 36:123 (1st par. 2d, last sentences). | |
| 2105(c) | 36:123 (2d, last pars.). | |
| 2105(d) | 36:124. | Mar. 4, 1923, ch. 283, §4, |
In subsections (a) and (c)(2), the word "American" is omitted as unnecessary.
In subsection (a), the words "or shall hereafter serve" are omitted as obsolete.
In subsection (b), the words "Secretatry [sic] of Veterans Affairs" are substituted for "Department of Defense", and the words "the National Cemetery System, as described in
In subsection (c)(2), the words "duties and powers" are substituted for "functions" for consistency in the revised title and with other titles of the United States Code.
Editorial Notes
Amendments
1998—Subsec. (b).
§2106. War memorials not built by the United States Government
(a)
(b)
(A) the memorial is not built on the territory of the applicable former enemy; and
(B) the sponsors of the memorial consent to the Commission assuming those responsibilities and transfer to the Commission all their rights and interests in the memorial.
(2) If reasonable effort fails to locate the sponsors of a memorial, the Commission may assume responsibility for the memorial under this subsection by agreement with the appropriate foreign authorities. A decision of the Commission to assume responsibility for a war memorial under this subsection is final.
(3) Sponsors of a war memorial for which the Commission assumes responsibility under this subsection may transfer amounts accumulated to maintain and repair the memorial to the Commission for use in carrying out this chapter. Except as provided in subsection (c) of this section, the Commission shall deposit transferred amounts as provided in
(c)
(d)
(A) amounts deposited into, and interest and proceeds credited to, the fund under paragraph (2) of this subsection; and
(B) obligations obtained under paragraph (3) of this subsection.
(2) The Commission shall deposit into the fund the amounts that are accepted under subsection (c) of this section. The Secretary of the Treasury shall credit to the fund the interest on, and the proceeds from the sale or redemption of, obligations held in the fund.
(3) The Secretary shall invest any part of the fund that the Commission decides is not required to meet current expenses. Each investment shall be made in an interest-bearing obligation of the United States Government, or an obligation that has its principal and interest guaranteed by the Government, that the Commission decides has a maturity suitable for the fund.
(4) The Commission shall separately account for all amounts deposited in and expended from the fund for each war memorial for which an arrangement for repair or long-term maintenance is made under subsection (c) of this section.
(e)
(1) the appropriate foreign authorities agree to the demolition; and
(2)(A) the sponsor of the memorial consents to the demolition; or
(B) the memorial has fallen into disrepair and a reasonable effort by the Commission has failed—
(i) to persuade the sponsor to maintain the memorial at a standard acceptable to the Commission; or
(ii) to locate the sponsor.
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 2106(a) | 36:125(a). | Mar. 4, 1923, ch. 283, §5(a), |
| 2106(b)(1) | 36:125(b)(1) (1st sentence), (d). | Mar. 4, 1923, ch. 283, §5(b)–(d), as added Jan. 2, 1974, |
| 2106(b)(2) | 36:125(b)(1) (last sentence), (d). | |
| 2106(b)(3) | 36:125(b)(2)(A), (d). | |
| 2106(c) | 36:125(b)(2)(B), (d). | |
| 2106(d) | 36:125(b)(3). | |
| 2106(e) | 36:125(c), (d). |
In subsections (b), (c), and (e), the text of 36:125(d) is omitted as unnecessary.
In subsection (b)(1), before clause (A), the words "in its discretion" and "before, on, or after the effective date of this subsection" are omitted as unnecessary. The words "governmental authority (except a department, agency, or instrumentality of the United States Government)" are substituted for "non-Federal governmental agency" for consistency in the revised title and with other titles of the United States Code. In clause (B), the word "title" is omitted as included in "rights".
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
Maintenance and Repair of Pacific Battle Monuments
"(a)
"(b)
§2107. National Memorial Cemetery of the Pacific
With the consent of the Secretary of Veterans Affairs, the American Battle Monuments Commission may build works of architecture and art in the National Memorial Cemetery of the Pacific.
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 2107 | 36:125a. | June 24, 1954, ch. 359, §101 (1st proviso in last par. under heading "American Battle Monuments Commission"), |
The words "Secretary of Veterans Affairs" are substituted for "Secretary of the Army" because of section 6 of the National Cemeteries Act of 1973 (
§2108. Pacific War Memorial and other historical and memorial sites on Corregidor
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
(A) amounts deposited into, and interest and proceeds credited to, the fund under paragraph (2) of this subsection; and
(B) obligations obtained under paragraph (3) of this subsection.
(2) The Chairman of the Commission shall deposit into the fund the amounts that are accepted under subsection (d) of this section. The Secretary of the Treasury shall credit to the fund the interest on, and the proceeds from the sale or redemption of, obligations held in the fund.
(3) The Secretary shall invest any part of the fund that the Chairman decides is not required to meet current expenses. Each investment shall be made in an interest-bearing obligation of the United States Government, or an obligation that has its principal and interest guaranteed by the Government, that the Chairman decides has a maturity suitable for the fund.
(4) Amounts in the fund exceeding the cost of carrying out this section, as decided by the Chairman, shall be deposited in the Treasury as miscellaneous receipts to reimburse the United States Government for amounts appropriated under subsection (g) of this section.
(g)
(1) $6,000,000 for site preparation, design, planning, construction, and associated administrative costs for the restoration of the Memorial and other historical and memorial sites referred to in subsection (a) of this section; and
(2) amounts necessary to operate and maintain the Memorial and those other historical and memorial sites.
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 2108(a) | 36:125b(a), (b). | Nov. 18, 1988, |
| 2108(b) | 36:125b(c). | |
| 2108(c) | 36:125b(d). | |
| 2108(d) | 36:125b(f). | |
| 2108(e) | 36:125b(e). | |
| 2108(f) | 36:125b(g). | |
| 2108(g) | 36:125b(h). |
§2109. Foreign Currency Fluctuations Account
(a)
(b)
(c)
(2)
(A) if the amounts are not needed to pay obligations incurred because of fluctuations in currency exchange rates of foreign countries in the appropriation to which the amounts were originally transferred; or
(B) because of subsequent favorable fluctuations in the rates or because other amounts are, or become, available to pay the obligations.
(3) Amounts transferred to an appropriation under this subsection may not be transferred back to the Account after the end of the 2d fiscal year after the fiscal year in which the appropriation was available for obligation.
(d)
(e)
(f)
(g)
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 2109(a) | 36:138c(a) (1st–3d sentences). | Mar. 4, 1923, ch. 283, §13, as added May 20, 1988, |
| 2109(b) | 36:138c(b) (last sentence). | |
| 2109(c)(1) | 36:138c(a) (last sentence), (b) (1st sentence). | |
| 2109(c)(2) | 36:138c(d). | |
| 2109(c)(3) | 36:138c(e). | |
| 2109(d) | 36:138c(c). | |
| 2109(e) | 36:138c(f). | |
| 2109(f) | 36:138c(g). | |
| 2109(g) | 36:138c note. | May 20, 1988, |
§2110. Claims against the Commission
A claim against the American Battle Monuments Commission that is similar to a claim described in
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 2110 | 36:138b (4th par.). | Mar. 4, 1923, ch. 283, §12 (4th par.), |
The words "
§2111. Presidential duties and powers
(a)
(b)
(A) the same administrative duties and powers related to a permanent military cemetery located outside the United States and the territories and possessions of the United States that were transferred to the Commission by Executive Order 6614, February 26, 1934, and Executive Order 10057, May 14, 1949, as amended by Executive Order 10087, December 3, 1949; and
(B) supplies, material, and equipment located in the permanent military cemetery or in a military depot overseas that—
(i) the Department of Defense does not need; and
(ii) the Commission requests to carry out the duties and powers specified in clause (A) of this paragraph.
(2) After a transfer under this subsection, the Commission shall maintain the cemetery and all improvements in it.
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 2111(a) | 36:127. | Mar. 4, 1923, ch. 283, §6, |
| 2111(b) | 36:132. | Mar. 4, 1923, ch. 283, §10, |
In subsection (b)(1), the words "duties and powers" are substituted for "functions" for consistency in the revised title and with other titles of the United States Code.
Editorial Notes
References in Text
Executive Order 6614, referred to in subsec. (b)(1)(A), is not classified to the Code.
Executive Order 10057, referred to in subsec. (b)(1)(A), is set out below.
Executive Documents
Ex. Ord. No. 9873. Administration of the Mexico City National Cemetery
Ex. Ord. No. 9873, July 16, 1947, 12 F.R. 4777, provided:
By virtue of the authority vested in me by section 12 of the act of March 4, 1923, as amended by the act of June 26, 1946,
1. All functions of administration pertaining to the Mexico City National Cemetery, located in Mexico City, Calazada, Molchor, Ocampo 31, Mexico, DF, now vested in or exercised by the War Department, together with the field civilian personnel, records, supplies, equipment, and property of every kind pertaining thereto, are hereby transferred from the War Department to the American Battle Monuments Commission.
2. The unexpended balances of appropriations or allotments of appropriations which are now, or may become, available to the War Department for the performance of the functions transferred by this order shall be transferred to the American Battle Monuments Commission to such extent as the Director of the Bureau of the Budget may deem necessary.
Ex. Ord. No. 10057. Transfer of Certain Functions Pertaining to United States Military Cemeteries
Ex. Ord. No. 10057, May 14, 1949, 14 F.R. 2585, as amended by Ex. Ord. No. 10087, Dec. 3, 1949, 14 F.R. 7287, provided:
By virtue of the authority vested in me by section 12 of the act of March 4, 1923,
1. All functions of administration pertaining to World War II United States Military Cemeteries located in or near Cambridge, England; Margraten, the Netherlands; Hamm, Luxembourg; Henri-Chapelle, Belgium; Neuvilleen-Condroz, Belgium; St. Laurent, France; St. James, France; Epinal, France; St. Avold, France; Draguignan, France; Nettuno (Anzio), Italy; Florence, Italy; Tunis (Carthage), Tunisia; and Ft. McKinley, Philippine Islands, now vested in or exercised by the Secretary of the Army pursuant to the act of May 16, 1946, c. 261,
2. The Department of the Army shall have the right to re-enter any of such cemeteries subsequent to the effective date of the transfer of functions with respect thereto for the purpose of making exhumations or reinterments should any such action become necessary.
3. There shall be transferred to the American Battle Monuments Commission so much of the unexpended balances of appropriations now, or which may become, available to the Department of the Army for the performance of the functions transferred by the provisions of this order as the Director of the Bureau of the Budget may deem necessary for use prior to July 1, 1950, in connection with such functions.
Ex. Ord. No. 12115. Permanent American Cemetery in Republic of Panama
Ex. Ord. No. 12115, Jan. 19, 1979, 44 F.R. 4645, provided:
By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and the laws of the United States of America, including Section 10 of the Act of March 4, 1923 (
1–101. The Secretary of State shall take all appropriate steps to complete, prior to the date of entry into force of the Treaty Concerning the Permanent Neutrality and Operation of the Panama Canal, hereinafter referred to as the Neutrality Treaty, the negotiations which have begun with the Republic of Panama for an agreement under which the United States of America would, upon the date of entry into force of such agreement and thereafter, administer as a permanent American cemetery such part of Corozal Cemetery as encompasses the remains of citizens of the United States of America.
1–102. Subject to the conclusion of the agreement referred to in Section 1–101 of this Order, the American Battle Monuments Commission shall administer that part of Corozal Cemetery which encompasses the remains of citizens of the United States of America, in accordance with the terms of the agreement with the Republic of Panama.
1–103. The Governor of the Canal Zone shall, to the extent funds are available, disinter from Mount Hope Cemetery, before entry into force of the Neutrality Treaty, and reinter in Corozal Cemetery the remains of United States citizens, and the remains of members of their immediate family that are buried with them. The Governor shall not remove from Mount Hope Cemetery the remains of any such person whose next of kin timely requests in writing that such remains not be disinterred. The Governor shall transport to the United States for reinterment the remains of any such person whose next of kin timely requests in writing that such remains be transported to the United States for reinterment.
1–104. The Secretary of Defense shall, to the extent funds are available, disinter from Corozal Cemetery and transport to the United States for reinterment the remains of United States citizens, and the remains of members of their immediate family buried with them, whose next of kin requests in writing by April 1, 1982, that such remains be transported to the United States for reinterment.
1–105. Subject to the availability of funds, all the costs incurred in the disinterment, reinterment in Corozal Cemetery, and transportation of remains required by this Order, including the costs of preparation, cremation if requested, and a casket or urn, shall be borne by the United States of America. The costs of reinterment in the United States, including any costs for funeral home services, vaults, plots, or crypts, will be the responsibility of the next of kin making the request, except to the extent otherwise provided by law, including any unused specific entitlements available pursuant to statute.
1–106. (a) The Governor of the Canal Zone shall identify, to the extent feasible, the closest surviving next of kin of each deceased United States citizen buried in the Mount Hope and Corozal Cemeteries, and of such next of kin of each member of the immediate family that is buried with such United States citizen.
(b) The Governor shall provide notice to the next of kin of such deceased buried in Mount Hope Cemetery that the Government plans to remove the deceased to Corozal Cemetery unless the next of kin requests in writing, not later than three months after the first issuance of such notification, either that the remains not be removed from Mount Hope Cemetery, or that the remains be moved to, and reinterred in, the United States in a cemetery or other burial site designated by the next of kin.
(c) The Governor shall also provide notice to the next of kin of such deceased who are buried in Corozal Cemetery that the Government will disinter and transport such deceased to the United States for reinterment in a cemetery or other burial site designated by the next of kin, if the next of kin so requests in writing not later than April 1, 1982.
(d) The Governor shall publish the notices provided for in subsections (b) and (c) of this Section in appropriate newspapers, magazines and other periodicals, and utilize such other means of communicating with the next of kin that he finds to be practical and effective.
1–107. The Governor of the Canal Zone shall, before the entry into force of the Neutrality Treaty, fully advise the next of kin of all available options, and their implications, in those cases where a request has been made that remains not be removed from Mount Hope Cemetery.
1–108. The Secretary of the Army shall supervise the planned removal of the remains from Mount Hope Cemetery to Corozal Cemetery and shall ensure compliance with the wishes of any next of kin who, within the time specified in clause B(i) to the Third Reservation to the Neutrality Treaty, objects to such removal.
1–109. As used in this Order:
(a) "Next of kin" means the person whom the Governor of the Canal Zone determines to be the nearest living relative, by consanguinity or affinity, of a person buried at Mount Hope Cemetery or Corozal Cemetery.
(b) "Members of their immediate family" means the spouse, children, mother or father of the deceased United States citizen.
Jimmy Carter.
§2112. Care and maintenance of Surrender Tree site
The American Battle Monuments Commission is responsible for the care and maintenance of the Surrender Tree site in Santiago, Cuba.
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 2112 | 36:123 note. | Aug. 13, 1957, |
The last sentence of the Act of August 13, 1957 (
§2113. World War II memorial in the District of Columbia
(a)
(2) In this section, the term "World War II memorial" means the memorial authorized by
(b)
(A) Amounts deposited, and interest and proceeds credited, under paragraph (2).
(B) Obligations obtained under paragraph (3).
(C) The amount of surcharges paid to the Commission for the World War II memorial under the World War II 50th Anniversary Commemorative Coins Act (
(D) Amounts borrowed using the authority provided under subsection (d).
(E) Any funds received by the Commission under
(2) The Chairman of the Commission shall deposit in the fund the amounts accepted as contributions under subsection (a). The Secretary of the Treasury shall credit to the fund the interest on, and the proceeds from sale or redemption of, obligations held in the fund.
(3) The Secretary of the Treasury shall invest any portion of the fund that, as determined by the Chairman, is not required to meet current expenses. Each investment shall be made in an interest-bearing obligation of the United States or an obligation guaranteed as to principal and interest by the United States that, as determined by the Chairman, has a maturity suitable for the fund.
(c)
(1) for the expenses of establishing the World War II memorial, including the maintenance and preservation amount provided for in
(2) for such other expenses, other than routine maintenance, with respect to the World War II memorial as the Commission considers warranted; and
(3) to secure, obtain, register, enforce, protect, and license any mark, copyright, or patent that is owned by, assigned to, or licensed to the Commission under
(d)
(2) The borrowing of money by the Commission under paragraph (1) shall be subject to such maturities, terms, and conditions as may be agreed upon by the Commission and the Secretary, except that the maturities may not exceed 20 years and such borrowings may be redeemable at the option of the Commission before maturity.
(3) The obligations of the Commission shall be issued in amounts and at prices approved by the Secretary. The authority of the Commission to issue obligations under this subsection shall remain available without fiscal year limitation. The Secretary of the Treasury shall purchase any obligations of the Commission to be issued under this subsection, and for such purpose the Secretary of the Treasury may use as a public debt transaction of the United States the proceeds from the sale of any securities issued under
(4) Repayment of the interest and principal on any funds borrowed by the Commission under paragraph (1) shall be made from amounts in the fund. The Commission may not use for such purpose any funds appropriated for any other activities of the Commission.
(e)
(f)
(2) A person providing voluntary services under this subsection shall be considered to be a Federal employee for purposes of
(3) The Commission may provide for reimbursement of incidental expenses that are incurred by a person providing voluntary services under this subsection. The Commission shall determine those expenses that are eligible for reimbursement under this paragraph.
(4) Nothing in this subsection shall be construed to require any Federal employee to work without compensation or to allow the use of volunteer services to displace or replace any Federal employee.
(g)
(h)
(Added
Editorial Notes
References in Text
The World War II 50th Anniversary Commemorative Coins Act, referred to in subsec. (b)(1)(C) is
Amendments
2003—Subsec. (a)(2).
Subsec. (c)(1).
Subsec. (e).
Subsec. (h).
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
Effective Date of 2003 Amendment
Amendment by
Effect of Repeal of Current Memorial Fund
§2114. Intellectual property and related items
(a)
(1) adopt, use, register, and license trademarks, service marks, and other marks;
(2) obtain, use, register, and license the use of copyrights consistent with
(3) obtain, use, and license patents; and
(4) accept gifts of marks, copyrights, patents, and licenses for use by the Commission.
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(Added
§2115. Acquisition, operation, and maintenance of Lafayette Escadrille Memorial
The American Battle Monuments Commission may enter into an agreement with the Lafayette Escadrille Memorial Foundation to acquire, operate, and maintain the Lafayette Escadrille Memorial in Marnes-la-Coquette, France. Under such an agreement, the Commission shall make necessary arrangements to ensure the ongoing maintenance of the memorial, including the cemetery at the memorial that contains the remains of 49 aviators of the United States who died during World War I.
(Added
CHAPTER 23 —UNITED STATES HOLOCAUST MEMORIAL MUSEUM
Editorial Notes
Prior Provisions
A prior
Amendments
2006—
§2301. Establishment of the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum; functions
The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum (hereafter in this chapter referred to as the "Museum") is an independent establishment of the United States Government. The Museum shall—
(1) provide for appropriate ways for the Nation to commemorate the Days of Remembrance, as an annual, national, civic commemoration of the Holocaust, and encourage and sponsor appropriate observances of such Days of Remembrance throughout the United States;
(2) operate and maintain a permanent living memorial museum to the victims of the Holocaust, in cooperation with the Secretary of the Interior and other Federal agencies as provided in
(3) carry out the recommendations of the President's Commission on the Holocaust in its report to the President of September 27, 1979, to the extent such recommendations are not otherwise provided for in this chapter.
(Added
Editorial Notes
Prior Provisions
A prior section 2301,
Amendments
2014—Par. (2).
2006—
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
Support for Holocaust Education Programs
"SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.
"This Act may be cited as the 'Never Again Education Act'.
"SEC. 2. FINDINGS.
"The Congress finds the following:
"(1) The United States has demonstrated a commitment to remembrance and education about the Holocaust through bilateral relationships and engagement in international organizations such as the United Nations and the International Holocaust Remembrance Alliance; the United States works to promote Holocaust education as a means to understand the importance of democratic principles, use and abuse of power, and to raise awareness about the importance of genocide prevention today.
"(2) The Congress has played a critical role in preserving the memory of the Holocaust and promoting awareness, including by authorizing the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum as an independent establishment of the Federal Government to ensure that 'the study of the Holocaust become part of the curriculum in every school system in the country', as well as by establishing a national Holocaust Remembrance Day in 1978.
"(3) 75 years after the conclusion of World War II, with the decreasing number of eyewitnesses and growing distance of students and their families from this history, it is important to institutionalize education about the events of the Holocaust such as the German Nazis' racist ideology, propaganda, and plan to lead a state to war and, with their collaborators, kill millions—including the systematic murder of 6,000,000 Jewish people; as well as the persecution and murder of millions of others in the name of racial purity, political, ideological, and behavioral grounds, among them Roma, the disabled, the Slavs, Communists, Socialists, Jehovah's Witnesses, and homosexuals.
"(4) As intolerance, antisemitism, and bigotry are promoted by hate groups, Holocaust education provides a context in which to learn about the danger of what can happen when hate goes unchallenged and there is indifference in the face of the oppression of others; learning how and why the Holocaust happened is an important component of the education of citizens of the United States.
"(5) Today, those who deny that the Holocaust occurred or distort the true nature of the Holocaust continue to find forums, especially online; this denial and distortion dishonors those who were persecuted, and murdered, making it even more of a national imperative to educate students in the United States so that they may explore the lessons that the Holocaust provides for all people, sensitize communities to the circumstances that gave rise to the Holocaust, and help youth be less susceptible to the falsehood of Holocaust denial and distortion and to the destructive messages of hate that arise from Holocaust denial and distortion.
"(6) Currently, 12 States (California, Connecticut, Florida, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Michigan, New Jersey, New York, Oregon, Pennsylvania, and Rhode Island) require by law that schools teach students about the Holocaust; more schools and teachers, including those in underserved communities, can and should deliver quality Holocaust education.
"(7) For more than 30 years, the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum has worked to build and support the field of Holocaust education, and advance the quality and sustainability of Holocaust education at the local, State, and national levels, by engaging teachers and students across disciplines and grade levels.
"(8) The Federal Government, through support for educational activities of national museums established under Federal law, can assist teachers in efforts to incorporate historically accurate instruction on human rights atrocities, including the Holocaust, in curricula.
"SEC. 3. DEFINITIONS.
"In this Act:
"(1)
"(2)
"(3)
"(A) a high school teacher, a teacher of one of the middle grades, or a school leader of a high school or a school that includes one of the middle grades (as such terms are defined in section 8101 of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (
"(B) an educational leader or expert who is not employed by a local educational agency (as defined in section 8101 of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (
"(C) a prospective teacher enrolled in a program of postsecondary education coursework or preservice clinical education.
"(4)
"(5)
"(6)
"(7)
"SEC. 4. PROGRAM AUTHORIZED.
"(a)
"(b)
"(c)
"(1) shall develop and nationally disseminate accurate, relevant, and accessible resources to promote understanding about how and why the Holocaust happened, which shall include digital resources and may include other types of resources, such as print resources and traveling exhibitions; and
"(2) may carry out one or more of the following Holocaust education program activities:
"(A) Development, dissemination, and implementation of principles of sound pedagogy for teaching about the Holocaust.
"(B) Provision of professional development for eligible program participants, such as through—
"(i) local, regional, and national workshops;
"(ii) teacher trainings in conjunction with Holocaust education centers and other appropriate partners;
"(iii) engagement with—
"(I) local educational agencies (as defined in section 8101 of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (
"(II) high schools and schools that include one of the middle grades (as so defined) that are independent of any local educational agency; and
"(iv) operation and expansion of a teacher fellowship program to cultivate and support leaders in Holocaust education.
"(C) Engagement with State and local education leaders to encourage the adoption of resources supported under this Act into curricula across diverse disciplines.
"(D) Evaluation and research to assess the effectiveness and impact of Holocaust education programs, which may include completion of the report required under section 8.
"(d)
"SEC. 5. ONLINE HOLOCAUST EDUCATION RESOURCES.
"(a)
"(b)
"(c)
"SEC. 6. UNITED STATES HOLOCAUST MEMORIAL COUNCIL.
"The United States Holocaust Memorial Council established under
"SEC. 7. ENGAGEMENT OF ELIGIBLE PROGRAM PARTICIPANTS.
"(a)
"(b)
"(c)
"SEC. 8. ANNUAL REPORT.
"Not later than February 1 of each year, the Director shall submit to the Congress a report describing the activities carried out under this Act."
Transfer of Auditors West Building (Annex 3); Responsibility for Repairs and Alterations
"Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the Administrator of General Services (Administrator) shall transfer to the administrative jurisdiction of the Holocaust Memorial Council (Council), without consideration, the Auditors West Building (Annex 3) located at Raoul Wallenberg Place and Independence Avenue Southwest, Washington, District of Columbia.
"Prior to such transfer of jurisdiction to the Council, the Council shall agree to perform all necessary repairs and alterations to the Auditors West Building so as to renovate the exterior of the Auditors West Building in a manner consistent with preservation of the historic architecture of the building, and to preserve the structural integrity of the building. The Council, prior to such transfer, shall furnish to the Administrator, for his approval, a plan detailing the repairs and alterations proposed, dates for completion of the work, and funding availability.
"In the event the Council ceases to exist, administrative jurisdiction of the Auditors West Building (Annex 3) shall revert to the General Services Administration."
§2302. Functions of the Council; membership
(a)
(b)
(1) One appointed by the Secretary of the Interior.
(2) One appointed by the Secretary of State.
(3) One appointed by the Secretary of Education.
Of the 65 voting members, five shall be appointed by the Speaker of the United States House of Representatives from among Members of the United States House of Representatives and five shall be appointed by the President pro tempore of the United States Senate upon the recommendation of the majority and minority leaders from among Members of the United States Senate. Any vacancy in the Council shall be filled in the same manner as the original appointment was made.
(c)
(1) Except as otherwise provided in this subsection, Council members shall serve for 5-year terms.
(2) The terms of the five Members of the United States House of Representatives and the five Members of the United States Senate appointed during any term of Congress shall expire at the end of such term of Congress.
(3) Any member appointed to fill a vacancy occurring before the expiration of the term for which his predecessor was appointed shall be appointed only for the remainder of such term. A member, other than a Member of Congress appointed by the Speaker of the United States House of Representatives or the President pro tempore of the United States Senate, may serve after the expiration of his term until his successor has taken office.
(d)
(e)
(f)
(g)
(h)
(Added
Editorial Notes
Prior Provisions
A prior section 2302,
§2303. Compensation; travel expenses; full-time officers or employees of United States or Members of Congress
(a)
(b)
(Added
Editorial Notes
Prior Provisions
A prior section 2303,
§2304. Administrative provisions
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(Added
Editorial Notes
Prior Provisions
A prior section 2304,
§2305. Staff
(a)
(b)
(1) appoint employees in the competitive service subject to the provisions of
(2) appoint and fix the compensation (at a rate not to exceed the rate of basic pay in effect for positions at level IV of the Executive Schedule under
(3) implement the decisions and strategic plan for the Museum, as approved by the Council, and perform such other functions as may be assigned from time-to-time by the Council, the Executive Committee of the Council, or the Chairperson of the Council, consistent with this legislation.
(Added
Editorial Notes
Prior Provisions
A prior section 2305,
§2306. Insurance for Museum
The Museum shall maintain insurance on the memorial museum to cover such risks, in such amount, and containing such terms and conditions as the Museum deems necessary.
(Added
Editorial Notes
Prior Provisions
A prior section 2306,
§2307. Gifts, bequests, and devises of property; tax treatment
The Museum may solicit, and the Museum may accept, hold, administer, invest, and use gifts, bequests, and devises of property, both real and personal, and all revenues received or generated by the Museum to aid or facilitate the operation and maintenance of the memorial museum. Property may be accepted pursuant to this section, and the property and the proceeds thereof used as nearly as possible in accordance with the terms of the gift, bequest, or devise donating such property. Funds donated to and accepted by the Museum pursuant to this section or otherwise received or generated by the Museum are not to be regarded as appropriated funds and are not subject to any requirements or restrictions applicable to appropriated funds. For the purposes of Federal income, estate, and gift taxes, property accepted under this section shall be considered as a gift, bequest, or devise to the United States.
(Added
Editorial Notes
Prior Provisions
A prior section 2307,
§2308. Annual report
The Director shall transmit to Congress an annual report on the Director's stewardship of the authority to operate and maintain the memorial museum. Such report shall include the following:
(1) An accounting of all financial transactions involving donated funds.
(2) A description of the extent to which the objectives of this chapter are being met.
(3) An examination of future major endeavors, initiatives, programs, or activities that the Museum proposes to undertake to better fulfill the objectives of this chapter.
(4) An examination of the Federal role in the funding of the Museum and its activities, and any changes that may be warranted.
(Added
Editorial Notes
Prior Provisions
A prior section 2308,
§2309. Audit of financial transactions
Financial transactions of the Museum, including those involving donated funds, shall be audited by the Comptroller General as requested by Congress, in accordance with generally accepted auditing standards. In conducting any audit pursuant to this section, appropriate representatives of the Comptroller General shall have access to all books, accounts, financial records, reports, files and other papers, items or property in use by the Museum, as necessary to facilitate such audit, and such representatives shall be afforded full facilities for verifying transactions with the balances.
(Added
Editorial Notes
Prior Provisions
A prior section 2309,
§2310. Authorization of appropriations
To carry out the purposes of this chapter, there are authorized to be appropriated such sums as may be necessary. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, none of the funds authorized to carry out this chapter may be made available for construction. Authority to enter into contracts and to make payments under this chapter, using funds authorized to be appropriated under this chapter, shall be effective only to the extent, and in such amounts, as provided in advance in appropriations Acts.
(Added
CHAPTER 25 —PRESIDENT'S COMMITTEE ON EMPLOYMENT OF PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES
§2501. Acceptance of voluntary services and money or property
The President's Committee on Employment of People With Disabilities—
(1) notwithstanding
(2) may solicit, accept, use, and dispose of any money or property the Committee receives.
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 2501 | 36:155b. | July 11, 1949, ch. 302, §2, as added Nov. 7, 1988, |
In clause (2), the words "in the name of the Committee", "in furtherance of this resolution", "real, personal, or mixed, tangible or nontangible", and "by gift, devise, bequest, or otherwise" are omitted as unnecessary.
Pub. L. 105–354
This amends
Editorial Notes
Amendments
1998—Par. (2).
§2502. Authorization of appropriations
(a)
(b)
(1) creating interest throughout the United States in the rehabilitation and employment of such individuals; and
(2) obtaining and maintaining cooperation from all public and private groups in the field.
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 2502 | 36:155a. | July 11, 1949, ch. 302, §1, |
In subsection (a), authorizations of appropriations for fiscal years 1993–1996 are omitted as obsolete.