SUBCHAPTER II—APPORTIONMENT
§1511. Definition and application
(a) In this subchapter, "appropriations" means—
(1) appropriated amounts;
(2) funds; and
(3) authority to make obligations by contract before appropriations.
(b) This subchapter does not apply to—
(1) amounts (except amounts for administrative expenses) available—
(A) for price support and surplus removal of agricultural commodities; and
(B) under section 32 of the Act of August 24, 1935 (
(2) a corporation getting amounts to make loans (except paid in capital amounts) without legal liability on the part of the United States Government; and
(3) the Senate, the House of Representatives, a committee of Congress, a member, officer, employee, or office of either House of Congress, or the Office of the Architect of the Capitol or an officer or employee of that Office.
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 1511(a) | 31:665(c)(1)(last sentence), (d)(2)(5th sentence). | R.S. §3679(c)(1)(last sentence), (d)(2)(5th sentence, 6th sentence less 1st–22d words, last sentence related to price supports), (f)(2); Mar. 3, 1905, ch. 1484, §4(1st par.), |
| 1511(b)(1) | 31:665(d)(2)(6th sentence less 1st–22d words). | |
| 1511(b)(2) | 31:665(d)(2)(last sentence related to price supports). | |
| 1511(b)(3) | 31:665(f)(2). |
In subsection (a)(1), the words "appropriated amounts" are substituted for "appropriations" for clarity. In clause (3), the word "make" is substituted for "create" as being more precise. The text of 31:665(d)(2)(5th sentence) is omitted as unnecessary because of section 102 of the revised title.
In subsection (b), the word "amounts" is substituted for "funds" for consistency in the revised title. In clause (1)(B), the words "(
§1512. Apportionment and reserves
(a) Except as provided in this subchapter, an appropriation available for obligation for a definite period shall be apportioned to prevent obligation or expenditure at a rate that would indicate a necessity for a deficiency or supplemental appropriation for the period. An appropriation for an indefinite period and authority to make obligations by contract before appropriations shall be apportioned to achieve the most effective and economical use. An apportionment may be reapportioned under this section.
(b)(1) An appropriation subject to apportionment is apportioned by—
(A) months, calendar quarters, operating seasons, or other time periods;
(B) activities, functions, projects, or objects; or
(C) a combination of the ways referred to in clauses (A) and (B) of this paragraph.
(2) The official designated in
(c)(1) In apportioning or reapportioning an appropriation, a reserve may be established only—
(A) to provide for contingencies;
(B) to achieve savings made possible by or through changes in requirements or greater efficiency of operations; or
(C) as specifically provided by law.
(2) A reserve established under this subsection may be changed as necessary to carry out the scope and objectives of the appropriation concerned. When an official designated in
(d) An apportionment or a reapportionment shall be reviewed at least 4 times a year by the official designated in
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 1512(a) | 31:665(c)(1)(1st sentence), (4)(words after 1st comma). | R.S. §3679(c)(1)(1st sentence), (3), (4); Mar. 3, 1905, ch. 1484, §4(1st par.), |
| 1512(b) | 31:665(c)(3). | |
| 1512(c) | 31:665(c)(2). | R.S. §3679(c)(2); Mar. 3, 1905, ch. 1484, §4(1st par.), |
| 1512(d) | 31:665(c)(4)(words before 1st comma). |
In subsection (a), the word "appropriation" is substituted for "appropriations or funds" because of the definition of "appropriation" in section 1511 of the revised title. The words "at a rate" are substituted for "in a manner" for clarity. The words "indefinite period" are substituted for "not limited to a definite period of time" for consistency in the revised title. The words "An apportionment may be reapportioned under this section" are substituted for 31:665(c)(4)(words after 1st comma) to eliminate unnecessary words.
In subsection (b)(1), before clause (A), the word "apportioned" is substituted for "distributed" for consistency in the revised section.
In subsections (b)(2) and (d), the word "official" is substituted for "officer" for consistency in the revised title.
In subsection (c)(1)(C), the words "by law" are substituted for "by particular appropriation Acts or other laws" to eliminate unnecessary words.
In subsection (c)(2), the words "appropriation requests" are substituted for "estimates of appropriations" for consistency with
Editorial Notes
References in Text
The Impoundment Control Act of 1974, referred to in subsec. (c)(2), is parts A and B of title X of
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
Apportionment of Funds Appropriated to District of Columbia Government
§1513. Officials controlling apportionments
(a) The official having administrative control of an appropriation available to the legislative branch, the judicial branch, the United States International Trade Commission, or the District of Columbia government that is required to be apportioned under
(1) 30 days before the beginning of the fiscal year for which the appropriation is available; or
(2) 30 days after the date of enactment of the law by which the appropriation is made available.
(b)(1) The President shall apportion in writing an appropriation available to an executive agency (except the Commission) that is required to be apportioned under
(A) 40 days before the beginning of the fiscal year for which the appropriation is available; or
(B) 15 days after the date of enactment of the law by which the appropriation is made available.
(2) The President shall notify the head of the executive agency of the action taken in apportioning the appropriation under paragraph (1) of this subsection not later than the later of the following:
(A) 20 days before the beginning of the fiscal year for which the appropriation is available; or
(B) 30 days after the date of enactment of the law by which the appropriation is made available.
(c) By the first day of each fiscal year, the head of each executive department of the United States Government shall apportion among the major organizational units of the department the maximum amount to be expended by each unit during the fiscal year out of each contingent fund appropriated for the entire year for the department. Each amount may be changed during the fiscal year only by written direction of the head of the department. The direction shall state the reasons for the change.
(d) An appropriation apportioned under this subchapter may be divided and subdivided administratively within the limits of the apportionment.
(e) This section does not affect the initiation and operation of agricultural price support programs.
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 1513(a) | 31:665(d)(1). | R.S. §3679(d)(1), (2)(1st–4th sentences, 6th sentence 1st–22d words), (g)(1st sentence); Mar. 3, 1905, ch. 1484, §4(1st par.), |
| 1513(b) | 31:665(d)(2)(1st–4th sentences). | |
| 1513(c) | 31:669(words before semicolon). | Aug. 23, 1912, ch. 350, §6(words before semicolon), |
| 1513(d) | 31:665(g)(1st sentence). | |
| 1513(e) | 31:665(d)(2)(6th sentence 1st–22d words). |
In the section, the word "apportion" is substituted for "apportionment or reapportionment" because of section 1512(a)(last sentence) of the revised title.
In subsection (a), before clause (1), the word "official" is substituted for "officer" for consistency in the revised title. The words "judicial branch" are substituted for "judiciary", and the words "District of Columbia government" are substituted for "District of Columbia", for consistency.
In subsection (b), the word "President" is substituted for "Director of the Office of Management and Budget", "Office of Management and Budget", and "Director" because sections 101 and 102(a) of Reorganization Plan No. 2 of 1970 (eff. July 1, 1970,
In subsection (b)(1), the words "(except the Commission)" are added because the International Trade Commission is covered specifically by the source provisions restated in subsection (a).
In subsection (b)(2), the words "head of the executive agency" are substituted for "agency" as being more precise and because of section 102 of the revised title.
In subsection (c), the words "In addition to the apportionment required by
In subsection (e), the words "initiation and operation" are substituted for "initiation, operation, and administration" to eliminate unnecessary words.
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
Automated System for Posting Appropriation Apportionment Documents
§1514. Administrative division of apportionments
(a) The official having administrative control of an appropriation available to the legislative branch, the judicial branch, the United States International Trade Commission, or the District of Columbia government, and, subject to the approval of the President, the head of each executive agency (except the Commission) shall prescribe by regulation a system of administrative control not inconsistent with accounting procedures prescribed under law. The system shall be designed to—
(1) restrict obligations or expenditures from each appropriation to the amount of apportionments or reapportionments of the appropriation; and
(2) enable the official or the head of the executive agency to fix responsibility for an obligation or expenditure exceeding an apportionment or reapportionment.
(b) To have a simplified system for administratively dividing appropriations, the head of each executive agency (except the Commission) shall work toward the objective of financing each operating unit, at the highest practical level, from not more than one administrative division for each appropriation affecting the unit.
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 1514(a) | 31:665(g)(2d sentence). | R.S. §3679(g)(2d sentence); Mar. 3, 1905, ch. 1484, §4(1st par.), |
| 1514(b) | 31:665(g)(last sentence). | R.S. §3679(g)(last sentence); added Aug. 1, 1956, ch. 814, §3, |
In the section, the words "(except the Commission)" are added because the International Trade Commission is covered specifically by the source provisions restated in this section.
In subsection (a), the word "official" is substituted for "officer" for consistency in the revised title. The words "judicial branch" are substituted for "judiciary", and the words "District of Columbia government" are substituted for "District of Columbia", for consistency. The word "President" is substituted for "Director of the Office of Management and Budget" because sections 101 and 102(a) of Reorganization Plan No. 2 of 1970 (eff. July 1, 1970,
In subsection (b), the words "dividing" and "division" are substituted for "subdivision" for consistency in the revised section. The word "appropriations" is substituted for "appropriations or funds" because of the definition of "appropriation" in section 1511 of the revised title.
§1515. Authorized apportionments necessitating deficiency or supplemental appropriations
(a) An appropriation required to be apportioned under
(b)(1) Except as provided in subsection (a) of this section, an official may make, and the head of an executive agency may request, an apportionment under
(A) a law enacted after submission to Congress of the estimates for an appropriation that requires an expenditure beyond administrative control; or
(B) an emergency involving the safety of human life, the protection of property, or the immediate welfare of individuals when an appropriation that would allow the United States Government to pay, or contribute to, amounts required to be paid to individuals in specific amounts fixed by law or under formulas prescribed by law, is insufficient.
(2) If an official making an apportionment decides that an apportionment would indicate a necessity for a deficiency or supplemental appropriation, the official shall submit immediately a detailed report of the facts to Congress. The report shall be referred to in submitting a proposed deficiency or supplemental appropriation.
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 1515(a) | 31:665a. | June 5, 1957, |
| 1515(b)(1) | 31:665(e)(1). | R.S. §3679(e)(1); Mar. 3, 1905, ch. 1484, §4(1st par.), |
| 1515(b)(2) | 31:665(e)(2). | R.S. §3679(e)(2); Mar. 3, 1905, ch. 1484, §4(1st par.), |
In subsection (a), the words "On and after June 5, 1957" are omitted as executed. The words "deficiency or supplemental appropriation" are substituted for "supplemental or deficiency estimate of appropriation" for consistency with
In subsection (b), the word "apportionment" is substituted for "apportionment or reapportionment" because of section 1512(a)(last sentence) of the revised title.
In subsection (b)(1), before clause (A), the words "Except as provided in subsection (a) of this section" are added because of the restatement. The word "appropriation" is substituted for "estimate" for consistency in the revised section. The words "is insufficient" are added for clarity.
In subsection (b)(2), the words "proposed deficiency or supplemental appropriation" are substituted for "deficiency or supplemental estimates" for consistency with
Editorial Notes
Amendments
1987—Subsec. (a).
§1516. Exemptions
An official designated in
(1) a trust fund or working fund if an expenditure from the fund has no significant effect on the financial operations of the United States Government;
(2) a working capital fund or a revolving fund established for intragovernmental operations;
(3) receipts from industrial and power operations available under law; and
(4) appropriations made specifically for—
(A) interest on, or retirement of, the public debt;
(B) payment of claims, judgments, refunds, and drawbacks;
(C) items the President decides are of a confidential nature;
(D) payment under a law requiring payment of the total amount of the appropriation to a designated payee; and
(E) grants to the States under the Social Security Act (
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 1516 | 31:665(f)(1). | R.S. §3679(f)(1); Mar. 3, 1905, ch. 1484, §4(1st par.), |
In the section, before clause (1), the word "apportionments" is substituted for "apportionments and reapportionments" because of section 1512(a)(last sentence) of the revised title. In subclause (D), the word "law" is substituted for "private relief acts or other laws" to eliminate unnecessary words.
Editorial Notes
References in Text
The Social Security Act, referred to in par. (4)(E), is act Aug. 14, 1935, ch. 531,
§1517. Prohibited obligations and expenditures
(a) An officer or employee of the United States Government or of the District of Columbia government may not make or authorize an expenditure or obligation exceeding—
(1) an apportionment; or
(2) the amount permitted by regulations prescribed under
(b) If an officer or employee of an executive agency or of the District of Columbia government violates subsection (a) of this section, the head of the executive agency or the Mayor of the District of Columbia, as the case may be, shall report immediately to the President and Congress all relevant facts and a statement of actions taken. A copy of each report shall also be transmitted to the Comptroller General on the same date the report is transmitted to the President and Congress.
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 1517(a) | 31:665(h). | R.S. §3679(h), (i)(2)(related to (h)); Mar. 3, 1905, ch. 1484, §4(1st par.), |
| 1517(b) | 31:665(i)(2)(related to (h)). |
In subsection (a), before clause (1), the words "District of Columbia government" are added because of section 9 of the Act of June 26, 1912 (ch. 182,
In subsection (b), the word "Mayor" is used because of Reorganization Plan No. 3 of 1967 (eff. Aug. 11, 1967,
Editorial Notes
Amendments
2004—Subsec. (b).
§1518. Adverse personnel actions
An officer or employee of the United States Government or of the District of Columbia government violating
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 1518 | 31:665(i)(1)(words before semicolon related to (h)). | R.S. §3679(i)(1)(words before semicolon related to (h)); Mar. 3, 1905, ch. 1484, §4(1st par.), |
The words "In addition to any penalty or liability under other law" are omitted as surplus. The words "District of Columbia government" are added because of section 9 of the Act of June 26, 1912 (ch. 182,
§1519. Criminal penalty
An officer or employee of the United States Government or of the District of Columbia government knowingly and willfully violating
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 1519 | 31:665(i)(1)(words after semicolon related to (h)). | R.S. §3679(i)(1)(words after semicolon related to (h)); Mar. 3, 1905, ch. 1484, §4(1st par.), |
The words "District of Columbia government" are added because of section 9 of the Act of June 26, 1912 (ch. 182,