49 USC SUBTITLE IV: INTERSTATE COMMERCE
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49 USC SUBTITLE IV: INTERSTATE COMMERCE
From Title 49—TRANSPORTATION

SUBTITLE IV—INTERSTATE COMMERCE

Chap.
Sec.
101.
General Provisions
10101
103.
Interstate Commerce Commission
10301
105.
Jurisdiction
10501
107.
Rates, Tariffs, and Valuations
10701
109.
Licensing
10901
111.
Operations of Carriers
11101
113.
Finance
11301
115.
Federal-State Relations
11501
117.
Enforcement: Investigations, Rights, and Remedies
11701
119.
Civil and Criminal Penalties
11901

        

Subtitle Referred to in Other Sections

This subtitle is referred to in sections 521, 24301, 41309, 41502 of this title; sections 1382, 1483, 1655 of Appendix to this title; title 7 section 225; title 11 sections 1166, 1169; title 15 sections 19, 21, 26, 44, 1681s, 1691c, 1692l; title 16 section 813; title 18 section 2341; title 28 sections 2321, 2323; title 29 section 1841; title 33 section 1507; title 42 sections 4916, 4917; title 45 sections 65, 151, 157, 741, 744, 791, 793, 884, 912, 1007, 1103, 1104, 1112; title 46 App. section 884; title 47 section 601; title 48 section 751.

CHAPTER 101—GENERAL PROVISIONS

Sec.
10101.
Transportation policy.
10101a.
Rail transportation policy.
10102.
Definitions.
10103.
Remedies as cumulative.

        

Amendments

1980Pub. L. 96–448, title I, §101(c), Oct. 14, 1980, 94 Stat. 1898, added item 10101a.

§10101. Transportation policy

(a) Except where policy has an impact on rail carriers, in which case the principles of section 10101a of this title shall govern, to ensure the development, coordination, and preservation of a transportation system that meets the transportation needs of the United States, including the United States Postal Service and national defense, it is the policy of the United States Government to provide for the impartial regulation of the modes of transportation subject to this subtitle, and—

(1) in regulating those modes—

(A) to recognize and preserve the inherent advantage of each mode of transportation;

(B) to promote safe, adequate, economical, and efficient transportation;

(C) to encourage sound economic conditions in transportation, including sound economic conditions among carriers;

(D) to encourage the establishment and maintenance of reasonable rates for transportation, without unreasonable discrimination or unfair or destructive competitive practices;

(E) to cooperate with each State and the officials of each State on transportation matters; and

(F) to encourage fair wages and working conditions in the transportation industry;


(2) in regulating transportation by motor carrier, to promote competitive and efficient transportation services in order to (A) encourage fair competition, and reasonable rates for transportation by motor carriers of property; (B) promote Federal regulatory efficiency in the motor carrier transportation system and to require fair and expeditious regulatory decisions when regulation is required; (C) meet the needs of shippers, receivers, passengers, and consumers; (D) allow a variety of quality and price options to meet changing market demands and the diverse requirements of the shipping and traveling public; (E) allow the most productive use of equipment and energy resources; (F) enable efficient and well-managed carriers to earn adequate profits, attract capital, and maintain fair wages and working conditions; (G) provide and maintain service to small communities and small shippers and intrastate bus services; (H) provide and maintain commuter bus operations; (I) improve and maintain a sound, safe, and competitive privately owned motor carrier system; (J) promote greater participation by minorities in the motor carrier system; and (K) promote intermodal transportation; and

(3) in regulating transportation by motor carrier of passengers (A) to cooperate with the States on transportation matters for the purpose of encouraging the States to exercise intrastate regulatory jurisdiction in accordance with the objectives of this subtitle; (B) to provide Federal procedures which ensure that intrastate regulation is exercised in accordance with this subtitle; and (C) to ensure that Federal reform initiatives enacted by the Bus Regulatory Reform Act of 1982 are not nullified by State regulatory actions.


(b) This subtitle shall be administered and enforced to carry out the policy of this section.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1337; Pub. L. 96–296, §4, July 1, 1980, 94 Stat. 793; Pub. L. 96–448, title I, §101(b), Oct. 14, 1980, 94 Stat. 1898; Pub. L. 97–261, §5, Sept. 20, 1982, 96 Stat. 1103; Pub. L. 103–311, title II, §204, Aug. 26, 1994, 108 Stat. 1683.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10101 49:1 (note). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379; added Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §1 (2d unnumbered par.), 54 Stat. 899.

In the introductory matter before clause (1) of subsection (a), the words "To ensure" are substituted for "all to the end of" for clarity. The words "by water, highway, and rail, as well as other means" are omitted as unnecessary. The words "that meets" are substituted for "adequate to meet" for clarity. The words "transportation needs of the United States" are substituted for "the needs of the commerce of the United States" for clarity. The words "including the" are inserted for clarity. The words "United States Postal Service" are substituted for "Postal Service" to reflect the complete name of the Government agency. The words "it is the policy of the United States Government" are substituted for "It is hereby declared to be the national transportation policy of the Congress" for clarity since the policy has been enacted into law. The words "fair and" are omitted to eliminate redundancy. The words "subject to this subtitle" are substituted for "subject to the provisions of this act" for clarity and to conform to the revised title.

In subsection (a)(2), the words "efficient transportation" are substituted for "efficient service" for clarity and consistency in view of the definition of "transportation" in section 10102 of the revised title.

In subsection (a)(3), the words "encourage sound" are substituted for "foster sound" for clarity. The words "including sound economic conditions among carriers" are substituted for "and among the several carriers" for clarity.

In subsection (a)(4), the word "rates" is substituted for "charges" for clarity and consistency. The words "unreasonable discrimination" are substituted for "unjust discriminations, undue preferences or advantages" for clarity, consistency, and to conform to modern usage. See the note after the revision note for subsection (b).

In subsection (a)(5), the words "officials of each State" are substituted for "duly authorized official thereof" for clarity.

In subsection (a)(6), the words "in the transportation industry" are inserted for clarity.

In subsection (b), the words "with a view" and "the above declaration" are omitted as unnecessary. The word "subtitle" is substituted for "Act" to conform to the revised title.

Clarification of use of "reasonable" and "discrimination"

Throughout the bill, the term "reasonable" is substituted for "just and reasonable" and "discrimination" is substituted for "preference", "prejudice", "advantage", and "disadvantage" for clarity, consistency, and to conform to modern usage. See Missouri, Kansas & Texas Railway Co. v. Harriman, 227 U.S. 657, 1913; United States v. P. Koenig Coal Co., 270 U.S. 512, 1926; Arizona Grocery Co. v. Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe Railway Co., 284 U.S. 370, 1932; Union Pacific R. Co. v. United States, 313 U.S. 450, 1941; Federal Power Commission v. Natural Gas Pipeline Co., 315 U.S. 575, 1942; Federal Power Commission v. Hope Natural Gas Co., 320 U.S. 591, 1944; United States ex rel. Morris v. Delaware, L. & W.R. Co., 40 F. 101, Cir. Ct. N.Y., 1889. The change does not affect the substantive law. The words for which the substitutions are made are used inconsistently throughout the Interstate Commerce Act and related laws and are often used in series with other synonymous words. As the editors of the U.S. Code Service point out in an explanatory note to section 2 of title 49:

Explanatory note.—In using the annotations following, it must be borne in mind that the words "unjust discrimination" [the term employed in this section] and "preference and prejudice" [the terms employed in §3(1) of this title] have been used in innumerable instances by the courts and by the commission as interchangeable. The Elkins Act [§§41–43 of this title] employs the word "discrimination" without the qualifying adjective "unjust." It is impossible in the great majority of cases to determine from the opinions whether this section, or §3(1) of this title, or the Elkins Act [§§41–43 of this title] was the basis of the decision, because of the use of the terms interchangeably, or the use of "unjust discrimination" as covering violations of §3(1) of this title, or the omission to specify the particular provision of law under immediate consideration, or because both this section and §3(1) of this title, may have been pleaded and referred to as the basis of the decision. There is some similar confusion in the cases between this section and the provisions of §1(5) of this title, requiring all rates to be just and reasonable, and §1(6) of this title, requiring just and reasonable classifications, and transportation regulations and practices.

While the amendments made to the Interstate Commerce Act by Public Law 94–210 continued the use of the multiple synonyms, that continuation is not significant since those amendments did not restate the entire act. Should a question ever arise concerning this change, section 3 of the bill would require the legal conclusion that no change in substance was intended. The following table identifies those sections of the Interstate Commerce Act that use the terms discussed in this note.

Interstate Commerce Act sectionWords used
Before §1 "reasonable charges", "unjust discriminations", "undue preferences or advantages", "unfair or destructive competitive practices".
1(4) "reasonable through routes", "just and reasonable rates, fares, charges, and classifications", "reasonable facilities", "just, reasonable, and equitable divisions [of joint rates, fares, or charges]".
1(5)(a) "unduly prefer or prejudice", "just and reasonable [charges]", "unjust and unreasonable charge".
1(5)(b) "just and reasonable [rates]", "unjust or unreasonable [rates]".
1(6) "just and reasonable classifications of property", "just and reasonable regulations and practices", "just and reasonable terms", "unjust and unreasonable classification, regulation, and practice".
1(9) "without discrimination".
1(11) "just and reasonable rules, regulations, and practices with respect to car service", "unjust and unreasonable".
1(12) "just and reasonable distribution of cars", "just and reasonable ratings", "justness and reasonableness of, or discrimination or preference or prejudice or advantage or disadvantage in, the distribution of cars".
1(15) "just and reasonable directions", "just and reasonable" terms of compensation.
1(16)(a) "just and reasonable directions".
1(17)(a) "just and reasonable freight and passenger service".
2 "unjust discrimination".
3(1) "undue or unreasonable preference or advantage", "undue or unreasonable prejudice or disadvantage".
3(2) "unjust discrimination".
3(4) "reasonable, proper, and equal facilities for the interchange of traffic", "shall not discriminate in their rates, fares, and charges between connecting lines", "unduly prejudice".
3(5) "just and reasonable" terms of compensation.
4(1) "reasonably compensatory".
5(2)(b) "just and reasonable" modifications.
10(1) "unlawful discrimination in rates, fares, or charges".
10(4) "discriminate unjustly", "unjust discrimination".
12(1)(b) "undue burden" on a person, class of persons, or interstate or foreign commerce.
13(4) "undue or unreasonable advantage, preference, or prejudice", "undue, unreasonable, or unjust discrimination against, or undue burden on, interstate or foreign commerce".
15(1) "unjust or unreasonable or unjustly discriminatory or unduly preferential or prejudicial", "just and reasonable . . . rate, fare, or charge", "just, fair, and reasonable [classification, regulation, or practice]".
15(6)(a) "unjust, unreasonable, inequitable, or unduly preferential or prejudicial [division of joint rates, fares, or charges]", "just, reasonable, and equitable divisions".
15(7) "lawfulness of such rate, fare, charge, classification, regulation, or practice", rates or charges "not justified", "just and reasonable".
15(8)(a) "lawfulness" of such rate, fare, charge, classification, regulation, or practice.
15(8)(b) rate "exceeds a just and reasonable level".
15(8)(d) "unlawful" rate increase or decrease.
15(8)(e) "lawful" rate, fare, or charge decrease.
15(8)(f) "just and reasonable" changed rate, fare, charge, classification, rule, or regulation.
15(9) "unreasonably high" rate, "lawfulness", "just or reasonable" maximum increased rate.
15(15) "just and reasonable [charge and allowance]", "reasonable [maximum] charge".
15(19) "unlawful [schedule]".
15a(2) "just and reasonable rates".
15a(3) "a reasonable minimum rate".
15a(4) "fair, reasonable, and economic profit or return (or both)".
16(5) "lawfulness of rates, fares, charges, classifications, or practices".
17(7) "unjust or unwarranted" decision.
204(a)(1), (2) "reasonable requirements" for service, transportation of baggage and express, uniform system of accounts, etc.
204(a)(3) "reasonable requirements" to promote safety.
204(a)(4) "reasonable requirements" for licensing brokers, etc.
204(b) "just and reasonable classifications" of brokers and groups of carriers.
204a(5) reparations are damages from charges that are "unjust and unreasonable, or unjustly discriminatory or unduly preferential or unduly prejudicial".
216(a) "reasonable through routes", "just and reasonable . . . rates, fares, and charges", "just and reasonable regulations and practices", "just, reasonable, and equitable divisions [of rates, fares, and charges]".
216(b) "just and reasonable rates, charges, and classifications", "just and reasonable regulations and practices".
216(c) "reasonable through rates and joint rates, charges, and classifications", "just and reasonable regulations and practices", "just, reasonable, and equitable divisions", "unduly prefer or prejudice".
216(d) "just and reasonable [charges]", "unjust and unreasonable charge", "undue or unreasonable preference or advantage", "unjust discrimination", "undue or unreasonable prejudice or disadvantage".
216(e) "unjust or unreasonable [rate, fare, charge, classification, rule, regulation, or practice of a service]", "unjustly discriminatory or unduly preferential or unduly prejudicial", "lawful rate, fare, or charge or the maximum or minimum rate, fare, or charge", "lawful classification, rule, regulation, or practice".
216(f) division of joint rates, fares, and charges: "unjust, unreasonable, inequitable, or unduly preferential or prejudicial", "just, reasonable, and equitable divisions".
216(g) "lawfulness of such rate, fare, or charge, or such rule, regulation, or practice", "proposed changed rate, fare, charge, classification, rule, regulation, or practice is just and reasonable".
216(h) "justness and reasonableness of any rate, fare, or charge".
216(i) "just and reasonable rates, fares, and charges . . . and classifications, regulations, and practices".
218(a) "reasonable minimum rates and charges", "reasonable regulations and practices".
218(b) "just and reasonable minimum rate or charge, or such rule, regulation, or practice".
218(c) "lawfulness of such charge, or such rule, regulation, or practice".
221(a) "lawfulness of rates, fares, charges, classifications, or practices".
304(c) "just and reasonable classifications of groups of carriers".
304(d) "undue disadvantage".
305(a) "just and reasonable rates, fares, charges, and classifications, and just and reasonable regulations and practices", "unjust and unreasonable charge [for a service]".
305(b) "reasonable through routes", "just and reasonable rates, fares, charges, and classifications", "reasonable facilities", "reasonable rules and regulations", "reasonable through routes and rates, fares, charges, and classifications", "just, reasonable, and equitable divisions".
305(c) "undue or unreasonable preference or advantage", "unjust discrimination or any undue or unreasonable prejudice or advantage, or an unfair or destructive competitive practice".
305(d) "reasonable, proper, and equal facilities", "not discriminate [in rates, fares, and charges], or unduly prejudice . . .".
306(e) "reasonable minimum rates and charges", "reasonable regulations, and practices", "reasonable minimum rates and charges".
307(b) "unjust or unreasonable [rate, fare, charge, regulation, practice, or classification]", "unjustly discriminatory or unduly preferential or prejudicial", "lawful rates, fare, or charge or the maximum or minimum", "lawful regulation, practice, or classification".
307(c) "justness or reasonableness of any rate, fare, or charge".
307(d) "reasonable differentials".
307(e) division of joint rates: "unjust, unreasonable, inequitable, or unduly preferential or prejudicial", "just, reasonable, and equitable divisions".
307(f) "just and reasonable rates, fares, and charges, . . . and classifications, regulations, and practices".
307(g) "lawfulness of such rate, fare, charge, classification, regulation, or practice".
307(h) "just and reasonable minimum rate or charge, or such rule, regulation, or practice", "no advantage or preference".
307(i) "lawfulness of such charge, or such rule, regulation, or practice".
314 "just and reasonable [charge or allowance]", "reasonable charge".
315(a) "lawfulness of rates, fares, charges, classifications, or practices".
316(b) "reasonableness of rates, fares, or charges, and the discriminatory character thereof".
403(b) "reasonable requirements" for service.
404(a) "just and reasonable rates and charges", "just and reasonable classifications, regulations, and practices", "unjust or unreasonable rate, charge, classification, regulation, or practice".
404(b) "undue or unreasonable preference or advantage", "unjust discrimination or any undue or unreasonable prejudice or disadvantage".
404(c) "undue or unreasonable preference or advantage", "undue or unreasonable prejudice or disadvantage".
405(c) rates or charges "lawfully in effect".
406(b) rate or charge: "unjust or unreasonable or unjustly discriminatory, or unduly preferential or prejudicial", "lawful" rate, charge, maximum, minimum, classification, regulation, or practice.
406(c) "justness or reasonableness of any rate or charge".
406(d) "just and reasonable rates and charges . . ., and classifications, regulations and practices".
406(e) "lawfulness" of the rate, charge, classification, regulation, or practice.
406(f) "rate, charge, classification, regulation, or practice causes any undue or unreasonable advantage, preference, or prejudice", "undue, unreasonable, or unjust discrimination against interstate commerce".
406a(5) "unjust and unreasonable [charges], or unjustly discriminatory or unduly preferential or unduly prejudicial".
409(a) "just, reasonable, and equitable terms, conditions, and compensation which shall not unduly prefer or prejudice".
414 "unjust discrimination or undue preference or prejudice".
415 "just and reasonable" charges and allowances.
416(a) "lawfulness of rates, charges, classifications, or practices".

References in Text

The Bus Regulatory Reform Act of 1982, referred to in subsec. (a)(3), is Pub. L. 97–261, Sept. 20, 1982, 96 Stat. 1102. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title of 1982 Amendment note below and Tables.

Amendments

1994—Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 103–311 added subpars. (A) and (B) and redesignated former subpars. (A) to (I) as (C) to (K), respectively.

1982—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 97–261 redesignated pars. (1) through (6) as subpars. (A) through (F), respectively, of par. (1), and par. (7) as par. (2), in par. (2) as so redesignated, substituted "in regulating transportation by motor carrier" for "with respect to transportation of property by motor carrier" at beginning of par., in subpar. (A) inserted "passengers," after "receivers,", in subpar. (B) substituted "shipping and traveling public" for "shipping public", in subpar. (E) inserted "and intrastate bus services" after "shippers", added subpar. (F), redesignated former subpars. (F) through (H) as (G) through (I), respectively, and added par. (3).

1980—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 96–448 substituted "Except where policy has an impact on rail carriers, in which case the principles of section 10101a of this title shall govern, to ensure" for "To ensure".

Subsec. (a)(7). Pub. L. 96–296 added par. (7).

Effective Date of 1994 Amendment

Section 212 of title II of Pub. L. 103–311 provided that: "This title [see Short Title of 1994 Amendment note below] and the amendments made by this title shall take effect upon the enactment of this Act [Aug. 26, 1994], except for sections 207 and 208 [amending sections 10922 and 10923 of this title], which shall take effect on January 1, 1995."

Effective Date of 1982 Amendment

Section 31 of Pub. L. 97–261 provided that:

"(a) Except as provided in subsections (b) and (c) of this section, this Act [see Short Title of 1982 Amendment note below] shall take effect on the 60th day after the date of enactment of this Act [Sept. 20, 1982].

"(b) The amendment made by section 10(e)(4) of this Act [amending provisions set out as a note under section 10706 of this title] shall take effect on October 1, 1982.

"(c) The provisions of sections 6(g) and 30 of this Act [amending sections 10922 and 10525 of this title, respectively] shall take effect on the date of enactment of this Act [Sept. 20, 1982]."

Effective Date of 1980 Amendment

Section 710 of Pub. L. 96–448 provided that:

"(a) Except as provided in subsections (b), (c), and (d) of this section, the provisions of this Act and the amendments made by this Act [see Short Title of 1980 Amendments note below] shall take effect on October 1, 1980.

"(b) Section 206 of this Act [enacting section 10712 of this title] shall take effect on January 1, 1981.

"(c) Section 218(b) of this Act [amending section 10705 of this title] shall take effect on October 1, 1983.

"(d) Section 701 of this Act [enacting section 1018 of Title 45, Railroads, and amending sections 231f, 825, 906, 913, 914, 1002, 1005, 1007, and 1008 of Title 45] shall take effect on the date of enactment of this Act [Oct. 14, 1980]."

Short Title of 1994 Amendment

Section 201 of title II of Pub. L. 103–311 provided that: "This title [enacting section 10936 of this title, amending this section and sections 10102, 10505, 10521, 10702, 10761, 10762, 10922, 10923, 10925, and 11501 of this title, and enacting provisions set out as notes under this section] may by cited as the 'Trucking Industry Regulatory Reform Act of 1994'."

Short Title of 1993 Amendment

Pub. L. 103–180, §1, Dec. 3, 1993, 107 Stat. 2044, provided that: "This Act [enacting sections 10767 and 11712 of this title, amending sections 10701, 10702, 10762, 11101, 11706, 11901, and 11909 of this title, and enacting provisions set out as notes under section 10701 of this title] may be cited as the 'Negotiated Rates Act of 1993'."

Short Title of 1986 Amendment

Pub. L. 99–521, §1, Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2993, provided that: "This Act [amending sections 10102, 10328, 10329, 10521, 10523, 10561, 10703, 10704, 10706, 10708, 10722, 10725, 10730, 10741, 10743, 10749, 10762, 10766, 10923, 10925 to 10927, 10930, 10933, 11101, 11127, 11141, 11323, 11501, 11505, 11701, 11705 to 11708, 11904, and 11908 to 11910 of this title, section 250 of Title 26, Internal Revenue Code, and section 5201 of Title 39, Postal Service, repealing section 10562 of this title, and enacting provisions set out as notes under this section and section 10102 of this title] may be cited as the 'Surface Freight Forwarder Deregulation Act of 1986'."

Short Title of 1982 Amendment

Section 1 of Pub. L. 97–261 provided: "That this Act [enacting sections 10935 and 11111 of this title, amending this section, sections 10102, 10321, 10322, 10328, 10521, 10525, 10526, 10701, 10704, 10706, 10708, 10722, 10723, 10762, 10922, 10923, 10924, 10925, 10927, 10928, 11341, 11343, 11344, 11345a, 11348, 11501, 11503a, 11504, 11702, 11711, 11901, 11905, and 11911 of this title, section 77c of Title 15, Commerce and Trade, section 250 of Title 26, Internal Revenue Code, and section 5201 of Title 39, Postal Service, repealing section 11302 of this title, enacting provisions set out as notes under this section and sections 10706, 10927, 10935, 11111, and 11501 of this title, and amending a provision set out as a note under section 10706 of this title] may be cited as the 'Bus Regulatory Reform Act of 1982'."

Short Title of 1980 Amendments

Pub. L. 96–454, §1, Oct. 15, 1980, 94 Stat. 2011, provided: "That this Act [enacting sections 10735, 10934, 11110, 11711, and 11917 of this title, amending sections 10102, 10322, 10526, 10528, 10721, 10922, 11342, 11348, and 11901 of this title, section 250 of Title 26, Internal Revenue Code, section 2342 of Title 28, Judiciary and Judicial Procedure, and section 5201 of Title 39, Postal Service, and enacting provisions set out as notes under this section and sections 11110 and 11711 of this title] may be cited as the 'Household Goods Transportation Act of 1980'."

Section 1 of Pub. L. 96–448 provided that: "This Act [enacting sections 10101a, 10701a, 10705a, 10707a, 10712, 10713, 10734, 10910, 11161 to 11168, and 11913a of this title, section 1654a of the Appendix to this title, and sections 780 and 1018 of Title 45, Railroads, amending this section and sections 10103, 10501, 10505, 10701, 10704 to 10707, 10709, 10726, 10730, 10731, 10741, 10751, 10762, 10901, 10903 to 10905, 11101, 11103, 11122, 11123, 11142, 11344, 11345, 11501, 11707, and 11910 of this title, sections 1170 and 1172 of Title 11, Bankruptcy, sections 231f, 563, 702, 711, 720, 721, 724, 726, 745, 771, 774, 775, 777, 779, 821, 825 to 829, 831, 906, 913, 914, 1002, 1005, 1007, and 1008 of Title 45, repealing sections 10727 and 10729 of this title, and enacting provisions set out as notes under this section, sections 10101a, 10311, 10701a, 10705a, 10706, 10707a, 10729, 10751, 10906, 11343, and 11707 of this title, and sections 747, 779, 831, and 1001 of Title 45] may be cited as the 'Staggers Rail Act of 1980'."

Section 1 of Pub. L. 96–296 provided: "That this Act [enacting sections 10527 to 10529, 10732, 10733, 10751, 11109, 11503a, 11345a, and 11902a of this title, amending this section, sections 10102, 10322, 10324, 10327, 10344, 10521, 10524, 10526, 10701, 10703 to 10706, 10708, 10730, 10741, 10749, 10761, 10762, 10766, 10922 to 10925, 10927, 10928, 10930, 11107, 11144, 11145, 11302, 11342, 11343, 11701, 11702, and 11707 of this title, and section 1114 of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure, repealing sections 10323 and 10325 of this title, and enacting provisions set out as notes under this section and sections 10527, 10706, 10921, and 10927 of this title] may be cited as the 'Motor Carrier Act of 1980'."

Limitation on Statutory Construction

Pub. L. 99–521, §14, Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2999, provided that: "Nothing in this Act (including any amendment made by this Act) [see Short Title of 1986 Amendment note above] shall be construed to limit or otherwise affect the authority of the Secretary of Transportation to regulate a freight forwarder and the transportation the freight forwarder uses (whether or not such transportation is provided by a carrier subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under chapter 105 of title 49, United States Code)."

Congressional Findings and Declaration of Policy

Pub. L. 99–521, §3, Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2993, provided that: "The Congress finds that—

"(1) a safe, sound, and competitive surface freight forwarder industry is important to the national transportation system;

"(2) the statutes governing Federal regulation of the freight forwarder industry are outdated and must be revised to reflect present and future transportation needs and realities;

"(3) protective regulation has resulted in anticompetitive pricing and has restricted the range of price and service options available to shippers;

"(4) in order to reduce the uncertainty experienced by the Nation's transportation industries, the Interstate Commerce Commission's remaining responsibilities for the regulation of surface freight forwarders should be eliminated in accordance with this Act [see Short Title of 1986 Amendment note above]; and

"(5) legislative and resulting changes should be implemented with the least amount of disruption consistent with achieving the reforms enacted."

Sections 3, 4 of Pub. L. 97–261 provided that:

"Sec. 3. The Congress hereby finds that a safe, sound, competitive, and fuel-efficient motor bus system contributes to the maintenance of a strong national economy and a strong national defense and is vital to the transportation needs of the elderly, handicapped, and the poor; that the statutes governing Federal regulation of the motor bus industry are outdated and must be revised to reflect the future transportation needs and realities; that historically the existing Federal and State regulatory structure has tended in certain circumstances to inhibit market entry, carrier growth, maximum utilization of equipment and energy resources, and opportunities for minorities and others to enter the motor bus industry; that State regulation of the motor bus industry has, in certain circumstances, unreasonably burdened interstate commerce; that overly protective regulation has resulted in operating inefficiencies and diminished price and service competition in the motor bus industry; that the objectives contained in the national transportation policy can best be achieved through greater competition and reduced regulation; that in order to reduce the uncertainty felt by the Nation's motor bus industry and those persons and communities that rely on its services, the Interstate Commerce Commission should be given explicit direction for reduced regulation of the motor bus industry and should do everything within its power to promote competition in the motor bus industry; and that legislative and resulting changes should be implemented without unnecessary disruption to the transportation system consistent with the scope of the reforms enacted.

"Sec. 4. The appropriate authorizing committees of Congress shall conduct periodic oversight hearings on the effects of this legislation, not less than annually until July 1, 1985, to ensure that this Act [see Short Title of 1982 Amendment note above] is being implemented according to congressional intent and purpose."

Pub. L. 96–454, §2, Oct. 15, 1980, 94 Stat. 2011, provided that:

"(a) The Congress hereby finds—

"(1) that a safe, stable, and financially sound system of transportation of household goods by motor common carriers is vital to the maintenance of a strong national economy and a strong national defense;

"(2) that the best means of assuring such a system is through competition and reduced regulation;

"(3) that maximum flexibility on the part of the carriers in the pricing of their services best serves the shippers of household goods and allows a variety of quality and price options to meet market demands; and

"(4) that the interest of individual shippers can be best protected by allowing carriers of household goods maximum flexibility in serving the needs of their shippers, by providing accurate and complete information concerning carriers' performance and individual shippers' rights and remedies, by reducing the amount of unnecessary regulations, and by strengthening remedies for violations of those regulations that are necessary for protection of individual shippers.

"(b) The appropriate authorizing committees of Congress shall conduct periodic oversight hearings on the effects of this legislation, no less than annually for the first 5 years following the date of enactment of this Act [Oct. 15, 1980], to ensure that this Act [see Short Title of 1980 Amendment note set out above] is being implemented according to congressional intent and purpose."

Section 3 of Pub. L. 96–296 provided that:

"(a) The Congress hereby finds that a safe, sound, competitive, and fuel efficient motor carrier system is vital to the maintenance of a strong national economy and a strong national defense; that the statutes governing Federal regulation of the motor carrier industry are outdated and must be revised to reflect the transportation needs and realities of the 1980's; that historically the existing regulatory structure has tended in certain circumstances to inhibit market entry, carrier growth, maximum utilization of equipment and energy resources, and opportunities for minorities and others to enter the trucking industry; that protective regulation has resulted in some operating inefficiencies and some anticompetitive pricing; that in order to reduce the uncertainty felt by the Nation's transportation industry, the Interstate Commerce Commission should be given explicit direction for regulation of the motor carrier industry and well-defined parameters within which it may act pursuant to congressional policy; that the Interstate Commerce Commission should not attempt to go beyond the powers vested in it by the Interstate Commerce Act [Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, which was repealed and is covered by this subtitle] and other legislation enacted by Congress; and that legislative and resulting changes should be implemented with the least amount of disruption to the transportation system consistent with the scope of the reforms enacted.

"(b) The appropriate authorizing committees of Congress shall conduct periodic oversight hearings on the effects of this legislation, no less than annually for the first 5 years following the date of enactment of this Act [July 1, 1980], to ensure that this Act [see Short Title of 1980 Amendment note set out above] is being implemented according to congressional intent and purpose."

Purpose

Section 203 of title II of Pub. L. 103–311 provided that: "The purpose of this title [see Short Title of 1994 Amendment note above] is to enhance competition, safety, and efficiency in the motor carrier industry and to enhance efficiency in government."

Pub. L. 99–521, §2, Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2993, provided that: "This Act [see Short Title of 1986 Amendment note above] is part of the continuing effort by Congress to reduce burdensome and unnecessary government regulations and to ensure the competitiveness and efficacy of transportation services of surface freight forwarders in the United States."

Section 2 of Pub. L. 97–261 provided that: "This Act [see Short Title of 1982 Amendment note above] is part of the continuing effort by Congress to reduce unnecessary and burdensome Government regulation."

Section 2 of Pub. L. 96–296 provided that: "This Act [see Short Title of 1980 Amendment note set out above] is part of the continuing effort by Congress to reduce unnecessary regulation by the Federal Government."

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in sections 302, 10321, 10505, 10525, 10526, 10544, 10702, 10704, 10706, 10708, 10721, 10761, 10762, 10766, 10922, 10923, 10924, 10930, 10933, 10935, 11108, 11343 of this title; title 33 section 1803.

§10101a. Rail transportation policy

In regulating the railroad industry, it is the policy of the United States Government—

(1) to allow, to the maximum extent possible, competition and the demand for services to establish reasonable rates for transportation by rail;

(2) to minimize the need for Federal regulatory control over the rail transportation system and to require fair and expeditious regulatory decisions when regulation is required;

(3) to promote a safe and efficient rail transportation system by allowing rail carriers to earn adequate revenues, as determined by the Interstate Commerce Commission;

(4) to ensure the development and continuation of a sound rail transportation system with effective competition among rail carriers and with other modes, to meet the needs of the public and the national defense;

(5) to foster sound economic conditions in transportation and to ensure effective competition and coordination between rail carriers and other modes;

(6) to maintain reasonable rates where there is an absence of effective competition and where rail rates provide revenues which exceed the amount necessary to maintain the rail system and to attract capital;

(7) to reduce regulatory barriers to entry into and exit from the industry;

(8) to operate transportation facilities and equipment without detriment to the public health and safety;

(9) to cooperate with the States on transportation matters to assure that intrastate regulatory jurisdiction is exercised in accordance with the standards established in this subtitle;

(10) to encourage honest and efficient management of railroads and, in particular, the elimination of noncompensatory rates for rail transportation;

(11) to require rail carriers, to the maximum extent practicable, to rely on individual rate increases, and to limit the use of increases of general applicability;

(12) to encourage fair wages and safe and suitable working conditions in the railroad industry;

(13) to prohibit predatory pricing and practices, to avoid undue concentrations of market power and to prohibit unlawful discrimination;

(14) to ensure the availability of accurate cost information in regulatory proceedings, while minimizing the burden on rail carriers of developing and maintaining the capability of providing such information; and

(15) to encourage and promote energy conservation.

(Added Pub. L. 96–448, title I, §101(a), Oct. 14, 1980, 94 Stat. 1897.)

Effective Date

Section effective Oct. 1, 1980, see section 710(a) of Pub. L. 96–448, set out as an Effective Date of 1980 Amendment note under section 10101 of this title.

Congressional Declaration of Findings

Section 2 of Pub. L. 96–448 provided that: "The Congress hereby finds that—

"(1) historically, railroads were the essential factor in the national transportation system;

"(2) the enactment of the Interstate Commerce Act [Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, which was repealed and is covered by this subtitle] was essential to prevent an abuse of monopoly power by railroads and to establish and maintain a national railroad network;

"(3) today, most transportation within the United States is competitive;

"(4) many of the Government regulations affecting railroads have become unnecessary and inefficient;

"(5) nearly two-thirds of the Nation's intercity freight is transported by modes of transportation other than railroads;

"(6) earnings by the railroad industry are the lowest of any transportation mode and are insufficient to generate funds for necessary capital improvements;

"(7) by 1985, there will be a capital shortfall within the railroad industry of between $16,000,000,000 and $20,000,000,000;

"(8) failure to achieve increased earnings within the railroad industry will result in either further deterioration of the rail system or the necessity for additional Federal subsidy; and

"(9) modernization of economic regulation for the railroad industry with a greater reliance on the marketplace is essential in order to achieve maximum utilization of railroads to save energy and combat inflation."

Statement of Purpose and Goals

Section 3 of Pub. L. 96–448 provided that: "The purpose of this Act [see Short Title of 1980 Amendment note set out under section 10101 of this title] is to provide for the restoration, maintenance, and improvement of the physical facilities and financial stability of the rail system of the United States. In order to achieve this purpose, it is hereby declared that the goals of this Act are—

"(1) to assist the railroads of the Nation in rehabilitating the rail system in order to meet the demands of interstate commerce and the national defense;

"(2) to reform Federal regulatory policy so as to preserve a safe, adequate, economical, efficient, and financially stable rail system;

"(3) to assist the rail system to remain viable in the private sector of the economy;

"(4) to provide a regulatory process that balances the needs of carriers, shippers, and the public; and

"(5) to assist in the rehabilitation and financing of the rail system."

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in sections 302, 10101, 10505, 10705a, 10706, 10707a, 10712 of this title.

§10102. Definitions

In this subtitle—

(1) "broker" means a person, other than a motor carrier or an employee or agent of a motor carrier, that as a principal or agent sells, offers for sale, negotiates for, or holds itself out by solicitation, advertisement, or otherwise as selling, providing, or arranging for, transportation by motor carrier for compensation.

(2) "carrier" means a common carrier and a contract carrier.

(3) "car service" includes (A) the use, control, supply, movement, distribution, exchange, interchange, and return of locomotives, cars, other vehicles, and special types of equipment used in the transportation of property by a rail carrier, and (B) the supply of trains by a rail carrier.

(4) "common carrier" means an express carrier, a pipeline carrier, a rail carrier, a sleeping car carrier, a motor common carrier, a water common carrier, and a household goods freight forwarder.

(5) "commuter bus operations" means short-haul regularly scheduled passenger service provided by motor vehicle in metropolitan and suburban areas, whether within or across the geographical boundaries of a State, and utilized primarily by passengers using reduced-fare, multiple-ride, or commutation tickets during morning and evening peak period operations.

(6) "contract carrier" means a motor contract carrier and a water contract carrier.

(7) "control", when referring to a relationship between persons, includes actual control, legal control, and the power to exercise control, through or by (A) common directors, officers, stockholders, a voting trust, or a holding or investment company, or (B) any other means.

(8) "express carrier" means a person providing express transportation for compensation.

(9) "freight forwarder" means a person holding itself out to the general public (other than as an express, pipeline, rail, sleeping car, motor, or water carrier) to provide transportation of property for compensation and in the ordinary course of its business—

(A) assembles and consolidates, or provides for assembling and consolidating, shipments and performs or provides for break-bulk and distribution operations of the shipments;

(B) assumes responsibility for the transportation from the place of receipt to the place of destination; and

(C) uses for any part of the transportation a carrier subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under subchapter I, II, or III of chapter 105 of this title.


Such term does not include a person using transportation of an air carrier subject to part A of subtitle VII of this title.

(10) "highway" means a road, highway, street, and way in a State.

(11) "household goods" means—

(A) personal effects and property used or to be used in a dwelling when a part of the equipment or supply of such dwelling and such other similar property as the Commission may provide by regulation; except that this subparagraph shall not be construed to include property moving from a factory or store, except such property as the householder has purchased with intent to use in his dwelling and which is transported at the request of, and the transportation charges paid to the carrier by, the householder;

(B) furniture, fixtures, equipment, and the property of stores, offices, museums, institutions, hospitals or other establishments when a part of the stock, equipment, or supply of such stores, offices, museums, institutions, hospitals, or other establishments and such other similar property as the Commission may provide by regulation; except that this subparagraph shall not be construed to include the stock-in-trade of any establishment, whether consignor or consignee, other than used furniture and used fixtures, except when transported as incidental to moving of the establishment, or a portion thereof, from one location to another; and

(C) articles, including objects of art, displays, and exhibits, which because of their unusual nature or value require the specialized handling and equipment usually employed in moving household goods and such other similar articles as the Commission may provide by regulation; except that this subparagraph shall not be construed to include any article, whether crated or uncrated, which does not, because of its unusual nature or value, require the specialized handling and equipment usually employed in moving household goods.


(12) "household goods freight forwarder" means a freight forwarder of one or more of the following items: household goods, unaccompanied baggage, or used automobiles.

(13) "individually determined rate, classification, rule, or practice" means a rate, classification, rule, or practice established by—

(A) a single motor common carrier for application to transportation that it can provide over its line; or

(B) 2 or more interlining carriers without participation in an organization established or continued under an agreement approved under section 10706(b) for application to transportation that the interlining carriers can provide jointly over their lines.


(14) "motor carrier" means a motor common carrier and a motor contract carrier.

(15) "motor common carrier" means a person holding itself out to the general public to provide motor vehicle transportation for compensation over regular or irregular routes, or both.

(16) "motor contract carrier" means—

(A) a person, other than a motor common carrier, providing motor vehicle transportation of passengers for compensation under continuing agreements with a person or a limited number of persons—

(i) by assigning motor vehicles for a continuing period of time for the exclusive use of each such person; or

(ii) designed to meet the distinct needs of each such person; and


(B) a person providing motor vehicle transportation of property for compensation under continuing agreements with one or more persons—

(i) by assigning motor vehicles for a continuing period of time for the exclusive use of each such person; or

(ii) designed to meet the distinct needs of each such person.


(17) "motor private carrier" means a person, other than a motor carrier, transporting property by motor vehicle when—

(A) the transportation is as provided in section 10521(a)(1) and (2) of this title;

(B) the person is the owner, lessee, or bailee of the property being transported; and

(C) the property is being transported for sale, lease, rent, or bailment, or to further a commercial enterprise.


(18) "motor vehicle" means a vehicle, machine, tractor, trailer, or semitrailer propelled or drawn by mechanical power and used on a highway in transportation, or a combination determined by the Commission, but does not include a vehicle, locomotive, or car operated only on a rail, or a trolley bus operated by electric power from a fixed overhead wire, and providing local passenger transportation similar to street-railway service.

(19) "non-contiguous domestic trade" means motor-water transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under chapter 105 of this title involving traffic originating in or destined to Alaska, Hawaii, or a territory or possession of the United States.

(20) "person", in addition to its meaning under section 1 of title 1, includes a trustee, receiver, assignee, or personal representative of a person.

(21) "pipeline carrier" means a person providing pipeline transportation for compensation.

(22) "rail carrier" means a person providing railroad transportation for compensation.

(23) "railroad" includes—

(A) a bridge, car float, lighter, and ferry used by or in connection with a railroad;

(B) the road used by a rail carrier and owned by it or operated under an agreement; and

(C) a switch, spur, track, terminal, terminal facility, and a freight depot, yard, and ground, used or necessary for transportation.


(24) "rate" means a rate, fare, or charge for transportation.

(25) "sleeping car carrier" means a person providing sleeping car transportation for compensation.

(26) "State" means a State of the United States and the District of Columbia.

(27) "tariff", when used in reference to a contract carrier, means a schedule.

(28) "transportation" includes—

(A) a locomotive, car, vehicle, motor vehicle, vessel, warehouse, wharf, pier, dock, yard, property, facility, instrumentality, or equipment of any kind related to the movement of passengers or property, or both, regardless of ownership or an agreement concerning use; and

(B) services related to that movement, including receipt, delivery, elevation, transfer in transit, refrigeration, icing, ventilation, storage, handling, and interchange of passengers and property.


(29) "United States" means the States of the United States and the District of Columbia.

(30) "vessel" means a watercraft or other artificial contrivance that is used, is capable of being used, or is intended to be used, as a means of transportation by water.

(31) "water carrier" means a water common carrier and a water contract carrier.

(32) "water common carrier" means a person holding itself out to the general public to provide water transportation for compensation.

(33) "water contract carrier" means a person, other than a water common carrier, providing water transportation for compensation under an agreement with another person, including transportation on a vessel provided to a person other than a carrier subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under this subtitle when the vessel is used to transport only the property of the other person.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1338; Pub. L. 96–296, §10(a)(1), July 1, 1980, 94 Stat. 799; Pub. L. 96–454, §3(a), Oct. 15, 1980, 94 Stat. 2011; Pub. L. 97–261, §6(d)(1), Sept. 20, 1982, 96 Stat. 1107; Pub. L. 99–521, §4, Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2993; Pub. L. 103–272, §5(m)(13), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1377; Pub. L. 103–311, title II, §§205(b), 206(f), Aug. 26, 1994, 108 Stat. 1683, 1686.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10102(1) 49:303(a)(18). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §203(a)(1), (8), (9), (12), (13), (14) (less exception), (15), (16), (17), (18), (19); added Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 544; June 29, 1938, ch. 811, §2, 52 Stat. 1237; Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §18, 54 Stat. 920; Sept. 1, 1950, ch. 835, §1(a), 64 Stat. 574; Aug. 22, 1957, Pub. L. 85–163, §1(1), 71 Stat. 411.
10102(2) (No source).
10102(3) 49:1(10). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §1(10); added May 29, 1917, ch. 23, §1, 40 Stat. 101; restated Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §402, 41 Stat. 476; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543.
10102(4) 49:1(3)(a) (1st sentence). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, §1(3)(a), 24 Stat. 379; restated June 29, 1906, ch. 3591, §1, 34 Stat. 584; restated Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §400, 41 Stat. 474; June 19, 1934, ch. 652, §602(b), 48 Stat. 1102; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543; Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §2(a), 54 Stat. 899.
  49:303(a)(14) (less exception).
  49:902(d) (less exception). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §302(a), (c), (d) (less exception), (e) (1st and 2d sentences), (f), (g), (h), (j), (k), (l), (m); added Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §201, 54 Stat. 929.
  49:1002(a)(5). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §402(a)(1), (3), (4), (5), (8); added May 16, 1942, ch. 318, §1, 56 Stat. 284; Dec. 20, 1950, ch. 1140, §1, 64 Stat. 1113.
10102(5) (No source).
10102(6) 49:1(3)(b). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §1(3)(b); added Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §2(b), 54 Stat. 899.
  49:1002(a)(8).
10102(7) 49:1(3)(a) (1st sentence related to express carriers), (2d sentence).
  49:303(a)(9).
10102(8) 49:1002(a)(5).
10102(9) 49:303(a)(12).
10102(10) 49:303(a)(16).
10102(11) 49:303(a)(14) (less exception).
  49:902(m).
10102(12) 49:303(a)(15).
10102(13) 49:303(a)(17).
10102(14) 49:303(a)(13).
10102(15) 49:1(3)(a) (last sentence).
  49:303(a)(1).
  49:902(a).
  49:1002(a)(1).
10102(16) 49:1(3)(a) (1st sentence related to pipeline carriers), (2d sentence).
10102(17) 49:1(3)(a) (2d sentence).
  49:902(1).
10102(18) 49:1(3)(a) (3d sentence).
10102(19) 49:1(5)(c)(ii). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §1(5)(c)(ii); added Feb. 5, 1976, Pub. L. 94–210, §202(b), 90 Stat. 35.
10102(20) 49:1(3)(a) (1st sentence related to sleeping car carriers), (2d sentence).
10102(21) 49:303(a)(8).

49:902(k).

  49:1002(a)(3).
10102(22) (No source).
10102(23) 49:1(3)(a) (4th sentence).
  49:303(a)(19).
  49:902(g), (h).
10102(24) 49:902(j).

49:1002(a)(4).

10102(25) 49:902(f).
10102(26). 49:902(c).
10102(27) 49:902(d) (less exception).
10102(28) 49:902(e) (1st and 2d sentences).

In clause (1), the words "bona fide" are omitted for consistency and as being unnecessary. The words "transportation by motor carrier" are substituted for "transportation subject to this chapter" and "such transportation" for clarity and because the jurisdiction of the Commission is stated separately in chapter 105 of the revised title and is unnecessary to be referred to in a definition. The words "furnishes, contracts" are omitted for consistency and as being surplus.

Clauses (2) and (4) are included because a number of the provisions of the subtitle relate to all carriers and all common carriers, respectively, subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission, and the terms "common carriers" and "carrier" provide simple phrases to refer to those carriers.

In clause (3), the words "subject to this chapter" are omitted as unnecessary in the definition and because the jurisdiction of the Commission is stated separately in chapter 105 of the revised title.

Clause (5) is included because a number of the provisions of the subtitle relate to motor contract carriers and water contract carriers, and the term "contract carrier" provides a simple phrase to refer to both of those kinds of carriers.

In clause (6), the words "or persons", "shall be construed to", "or trusts", "or companies", and "direct or indirect" are omitted for consistency and as being surplus. The words "reason of the method of or circumstances surrounding organization or operation, through or by" are omitted as unnecessary as being included in the words "power to exercise control". In 49:1(3)(b), the phrase "For the purposes of sections 5, 12(1), 20, 304(a)(7), 310, 320, 904(b), 910, and 913 of this title" is omitted for consistency and as being unnecessary because the sections referred to, and 49:1002(a)(8), have the effect of applying the "control" definition to the subtitle.

In clauses (7), (16), (17), and (20), the words "for compensation" are substituted for "for hire" for consistency.

In clause (7), the words "natural or artificial" are omitted as surplus in view of the definition of "person" in this section and in section 1 of title 1. The words "providing express transportation" are substituted for "engaged in such transportation as aforesaid" in view of chapter 105 of the revised title.

In clause (8), the words "to transport or" are omitted as surplus because of the use of the broader phrase "provide transportation". The words "or any class or classes of property, . . . in interstate commerce" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement of the various definitions of "interstate commerce" and "foreign commerce" as grants of jurisdiction to the Commission. The words "ordinary course of its business" are substituted for "ordinary and usual course of its undertaking" for clarity. The word "place" is substituted for "point" for consistency.

In clause (11), the words "in interstate or foreign commerce of passengers or property or any class or classes thereof" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement of the various definitions of "interstate commerce" and "foreign commerce" as grants of jurisdiction to the Commission under chapter 105 of the revised title. The words "or both" are inserted for clarity.

In clause (12), the words "of passengers or property in interstate or foreign commerce" are omitted for consistency and as being unnecessary in view of the restatement of the various definitions of "interstate commerce" and "foreign commerce" as grants of jurisdiction to the Commission. The words "other than a motor common carrier" are substituted for "other than transportation referred to in paragraph (14) of this subsection" as being more precise. The words "and the exception therein" are omitted for consistency and as being unnecessary in view of the restatement of the exception in section 10502 of this title as a jurisdictional provision. The word "agreements" is substituted for "contracts" for consistency. The words "furnishing of transportation services" are omitted as surplus and for clarity. The words "each such person" are substituted for "each individual customer" for consistency within the clause.

In clause (13), the words "motor private carrier" are substituted for "private carrier of property by motor vehicle" for clarity. The words "other than a motor carrier" are substituted for "not included in the terms 'common carrier by motor vehicle' or 'contract carrier by motor vehicle' " in view of the definition in clause (10) that includes both such carriers. The words "the purpose of" are omitted as surplus. The words "as provided in section 10521(a)(1) and (2) of this title" are substituted for "interstate or foreign commerce" in view of the codification of the latter term from 49:303(a)(10) and (11) in section 10521(a) of the revised title.

In clause (14), the words "or rails" are omitted as surplus. The words "of passengers or property" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the definition of transportation that includes passengers and property.

In clause (15), the words "in addition to its meaning under section 1 of title 1" are substituted for "includes an individual, firm, copartnership, corporation, company, association, or joint stock association" for consistency since section 1 of title 1, United States Code, is applicable to all laws unless otherwise provided.

In clause (18), the words "a contract" and "or lease" are omitted as unnecessary because they are included in the word "agreement". The words "of every kind" are omitted as unnecessary. The words "persons or property" and "or delivery" are omitted as unnecessary because those terms are included in the definition of transportation.

In clause (19), the word "charge" is inserted for clarity. The definition is made applicable to the entire subtitle to eliminate repetition of the words "fares or charges". The words "persons or property" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the definition of transportation that includes passengers and property.

In clause (22), the definition of the word "tariff" is added for clarity.

Clause (23) consolidates and restates the source provisions for clarity and consistency. The words "express or implied" are omitted as unnecessary and for consistency. In 49:1(3)(a) (4th sentence), the word "agreement" is substituted for "contract" for consistency. In 49:303(a)(19), the word "service" is omitted to provide only one defined term for consistency in the codification of the subtitle. In 49:303(a)(19), the words "in interstate or foreign commerce" are omitted for consistency and as being unnecessary in view of the restatement of the various definitions of "interstate commerce" and "foreign commerce" as grants of jurisdiction to the Commission under chapter 105 of the revised title. In 49:902(g), the words "of any kind" are omitted as unnecessary. In 49:902(h), the words "interchange of passengers and property" are substituted for "property transported or the interchange thereof with any other agency of transportation" for consistency and clarity.

In clause (25), the words "of whatever description" are omitted as unnecessary.

In clause (27), the words "in interstate or foreign commerce of passengers or property or any class or classes thereof" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement of the various definitions of "interstate commerce" and "foreign commerce" as grants of jurisdiction to the Commission.

In clause (28), the words "other than a water common carrier" are substituted for "other than transportation referred to in paragraph (d) of this section" as being more precise. The words "and the exception therein" are omitted for consistency and as being unnecessary in view of the restatement of the exception in section 10502 of the title as a jurisdictional provisional provision. The words "contracts or" are omitted as surplus and for consistency. The words "of passengers or property in interstate or foreign commerce" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement of the various definitions of "interstate commerce" and "foreign commerce" as grants of jurisdiction to the Commission.

Amendments

1994—Par. (9). Pub. L. 103–272 substituted "part A of subtitle VII of this title" for "the Federal Aviation Act of 1958" in concluding provisions.

Pars. (13) to (17). Pub. L. 103–311, §206(f), added par. (13) and redesignated former pars. (13) to (16) as (14) to (17), respectively. Former par. (17) redesignated (18).

Par. (18). Pub. L. 103–311, §206(f)(1), redesignated par. (17) as (18). Former par. (18) redesignated (19).

Pub. L. 103–311, §205(b), added par. (18). Former par. (18) redesignated (19).

Pars. (19) to (32). Pub. L. 103–311, §206(f)(1), redesignated pars. (18) to (31) as (19) to (32), respectively. Former par. (32) redesignated (33).

Pub. L. 103–311, §205(b), redesignated pars. (18) to (31) as (19) to (32), respectively.

Par. (33). Pub. L. 103–311, §206(f)(1), redesignated par. (32) as (33).

1986—Par. (4). Pub. L. 99–521, §4(1), inserted "household goods" before "freight forwarder".

Par. (9). Pub. L. 99–521, §4(2), inserted at end "Such term does not include a person using transportation of an air carrier subject to the Federal Aviation Act of 1958."

Pars. (12) to (31). Pub. L. 99–521, §4(3), added par. (12) and redesignated pars. (12) to (30) as (13) to (31), respectively.

1982—Pars. (5) to (30). Pub. L. 97–261 added par. (5) and redesignated pars. (5) through (29) as (6) through (30), respectively.

1980—Par. (10). Pub. L. 96–454, §3(a)(1), added par. (10) relating to definition of "household goods". Former par. (10) redesignated (11).

Par. (11). Pub. L. 96–454, §3(a)(2), redesignated par. (10) as (11). Former par. (11) redesignated (12).

Par. (12). Pub. L. 96–454, §3(a)(2), redesignated par. (11) as (12). Former par. (12) redesignated (13).

Pub. L. 96–296 included within definition of a motor contract carrier a person providing motor vehicle transportation of property for compensation under continuing agreements with one or more persons.

Pars. (13) to (29). Pub. L. 96–454, §3(a)(2), redesignated pars. (12) to (28) as (13) to (29), respectively.

Effective Date of 1986 Amendment

Section 15 of Pub. L. 99–521 provided that: "This Act [amending this section, sections 10328, 10329, 10521, 10523, 10561, 10703, 10704, 10706, 10708, 10722, 10725, 10730, 10741, 10743, 10749, 10762, 10766, 10923, 10925 to 10927, 10930, 10933, 11101, 11127, 11141, 11323, 11501, 11505, 11701, 11705 to 11708, 11904, and 11908 to 11910 of this title, section 250 of Title 26, Internal Revenue Code, and section 5201 of Title 39, Postal Service, repealing section 10562 of this title, and enacting provisions set out as notes under section 10101 of this title] shall take effect sixty days after the date of the enactment of this Act [Oct. 22, 1986]."

Effective Date of 1982 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 97–261 effective on 60th day after Sept. 20, 1982, see section 31(a) of Pub. L. 97–261, set out as a note under section 10101 of this title.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in sections 501, 10761, 10762, 11126, 11711, 31501, 41713 of this title; title 18 section 921; title 29 section 186; title 39 section 5201; title 42 section 4917; title 45 sections 702, 741, 802, 1344.

§10103. Remedies as cumulative

Except as otherwise provided in this subtitle, the remedies provided under this subtitle are in addition to remedies existing under another law or at common law.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1340; Pub. L. 96–448, title II, §214(c)(2), Oct. 14, 1980, 94 Stat. 1915.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10103 49:20(11) (2d sentence, 1st proviso). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §20(11) (2d sentence, 1st proviso); added June 29, 1906, ch. 3591, §7, 34 Stat. 595; Mar. 4, 1915, ch. 176, §1, 38 Stat. 1196; Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §436, 41 Stat. 494; Mar. 4, 1927, ch. 510, §3, 44 Stat. 1448; restated Apr. 23, 1930, ch. 208, §1, 46 Stat. 251.
  49:22(1) (1st sentence words between 5th and 6th semicolons). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, §22(1) (1st sentence words between 5th and 6th semicolons), 24 Stat. 387; restated Mar. 2, 1889, ch. 382, §9, 25 Stat. 862; Aug. 18, 1922, ch. 280, §1, 42 Stat. 827; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543.
  49:316(j), 317(b) (proviso). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §§216(j), 217(b) (proviso); added Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 560, 561; Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §22(e), 54 Stat. 925.
  49:906(c) (proviso). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §306(c) (proviso); added Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §201, 54 Stat. 935.
  49:1005(c) (proviso). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §405(c) (proviso); added May 16, 1942, ch. 318, §1, 56 Stat. 287.

The section consolidates and restates the source provisions for clarity. The word "subtitle" is substituted for "chapter" in 49:22(1) to conform to the revised title. The words "and nothing in this chapter contained shall in any way abridge or alter the remedies now existing" in 49:22(1) are omitted as unnecessary and as being included in the words "are in addition to". The word "law" is substituted for "statute" in 49:22(1) for consistency.

Amendments

1980Pub. L. 96–448 which purported to amend subsec. (a) of this section was executed to the text of this section by substituting "Except as otherwise provided in this subtitle, the remedies" for "The remedies" as the probable intent of Congress.

Effective Date of 1980 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 96–448 effective Oct. 1, 1980, see section 710(a) of Pub. L. 96–448, set out as a note under section 10101 of this title.

CHAPTER 103—INTERSTATE COMMERCE COMMISSION

SUBCHAPTER I—ORGANIZATION

Sec.
10301.
General.
10302.
Divisions of the Commission.
10303.
Secretary of the Commission; public records.
10304.
Employee boards.
10305.
Delegation of authority.
10306.
Conduct of proceedings.
10307.
Office and sessions.
10308.
Admission to practice.
10309.
Access to records by congressional committees.
10310.
Reporting official action.
10311.
Annual report.

        

SUBCHAPTER II—ADMINISTRATIVE

10321.
Powers.
10322.
Commission action and appellate procedure in non-rail proceedings.
[10323.
Repealed.]
10324.
Commission action.
[10325.
Repealed.]
10326.
Limitations in rulemaking proceedings related to rail carriers.
10327.
Commission action and appellate procedure in rail carrier proceedings.
10328.
Intervention.
10329.
Service of notice in Commission proceedings.
10330.
Service of process in court proceedings.

        

SUBCHAPTER III—JOINT BOARDS

10341.
Jurisdiction.
10342.
Establishment.
10343.
Powers.
10344.
Administration.

        

SUBCHAPTER IV—RAIL SERVICES PLANNING OFFICE

10361.
Organization.
10362.
Duties.
10363.
Director.
10364.
Powers.

        

SUBCHAPTER V—OFFICE OF RAIL PUBLIC COUNSEL

10381.
Organization.
10382.
Duties; standing.
10383.
Director.
10384.
Office staff.
10385.
Powers.
10386.
Reports.
10387.
Budget requests and estimates.
10388.
Authorizations of appropriations.

        

Amendments

1980Pub. L. 96–296, §25(f), July 1, 1980, 94 Stat. 818, substituted "Commission action and appellate procedure in non-rail proceedings" for "Initial decisions—nonrail proceedings" in item 10322, and struck out item 10323 "Rehearing, reargument, and reconsideration—nonrail proceedings", and item 10325 "Judicial review—nonrail proceedings".

SUBCHAPTER I—ORGANIZATION

§10301. General

(a) The Interstate Commerce Commission is an independent establishment of the United States Government.

(b) The Commission is composed of 5 members appointed by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate. The President shall designate one of the members as Chairman. Not more than 3 members may be appointed from the same political party.

(c) The term of each member of the Commission is 5 years and begins when the term of the predecessor of that member ends. An individual appointed to fill a vacancy occurring before the expiration of the term for which the predecessor of that individual was appointed, is appointed for the remainder of that term. When the term of office of a member ends, the member may continue to serve until a successor is appointed and qualified. The President may remove a member for inefficiency, neglect of duty, or malfeasance in office.

(d) A member of the Commission may not have a pecuniary interest in, hold an official relation to, or own stock in or bonds of, a carrier providing transportation by any mode and may not engage in another business, vocation, or employment.

(e) A vacancy in the membership of the Commission does not impair the right of the remaining members to exercise all of the powers of the Commission. The Commission may designate a member to act as Chairman during any period in which there is no Chairman designated by the President.

(f) Subject to the general policies, decisions, findings, and determinations of the Commission, the Chairman is responsible for administering the Commission. The Chairman may delegate the powers granted under this subsection to an officer, employee, or administrative unit of the Commission. The Chairman shall—

(1) appoint and supervise, other than regular and full time employees in the immediate offices of another member, the officers and employees of the Commission, including attorneys to provide legal aid and service to the Commission and its members, to represent the public interest in investigations and proceedings of the Commission, and to represent the Commission in any case in court;

(2) appoint the heads of major administrative units with the approval of the Commission;

(3) distribute Commission business among officers and employees and administrative units of the Commission;

(4) prepare requests for appropriations for the Commission and submit those requests to the President and Congress with the prior approval of the Commission; and

(5) supervise the expenditure of funds allocated by the Commission for major programs and purposes.


(g) The Commission shall have a seal that shall be judicially recognized.

(h) The expenses of the Commission shall be paid after presentation and approval by the Chairman of itemized vouchers.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1341; Pub. L. 97–253, title V, §502(b), (e), (h)(1), Sept. 8, 1982, 96 Stat. 806.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10301(a), (b), (c) 49:11. Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, §§11, 24, 24 Stat. 383, 387; June 29, 1906, ch. 3591, §8, 34 Stat. 595; Aug. 9, 1917, ch. 50, §1, 40 Stat. 270; Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §440, 41 Stat. 497; July 16, 1935, ch. 383, §1, 49 Stat. 481; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543; Reorg. Plan No. 1 of 1969, eff. Oct. 11, 1969, §3, 83 Stat. 859.
  49:18(1) (1st sentence). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, §18(1) (1st and 3d sentences), 24 Stat. 386, 387; Mar. 2, 1889, ch. 382, §7, 25 Stat. 861; June 29, 1906, ch. 3591, §8, 34 Stat. 595; Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §§433, 440, 41 Stat. 493, 497.
10301(d) 49:11.
  49:305(i) (related to members of Commission). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §205(i) (related to members of Commission); added Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 550; Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §20(c)(2), 54 Stat. 922.
10301(e) 49:11.
  49:11 (note). Reorg. Plan No. 1 of 1969, eff. Oct. 11, 1969, §§1, 2, 83 Stat. 859.
10301(f) 49:11 (note).
  49:16(11). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §16(11); added June 18, 1910, ch. 309, §13, 36 Stat. 554; Oct. 22, 1913, ch. 32, §1, 38 Stat. 219; restated Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §428, 41 Stat. 492.
  49:18(1) (3d sentence).
  49:19a(a) (2d and 3d sentences). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §19a(a) (2d and 3d sentences); added Mar. 1, 1913, ch. 92, §1, 37 Stat. 701; Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §433, 41 Stat. 493; June 16, 1933, ch. 91, §207, 48 Stat. 221.
  49:20(10). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, §20(10), 24 Stat. 386; restated June 29, 1906, ch. 3591, §7, 34 Stat. 593; Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §436, 41 Stat. 494; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543.
  49:305(j). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §205(j); added Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 548; Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §20(c)(2), 54 Stat. 922.
  49:919. Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §319; added Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §201, 54 Stat. 950.
10301(g) 49:17(3) (2d sentence). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, §17(3) (2d sentence), 24 Stat. 385; Mar. 2, 1889, ch. 382, §6, 25 Stat. 861; Aug. 9, 1917, ch. 50, §2, 40 Stat. 270; Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §432, 41 Stat. 493; restated Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §12, 54 Stat. 913.
  49:305(h). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §205(h); added Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 548; Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §20(c)(2), 54 Stat. 922.
  49:916(a). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §316(a); added Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §201, 54 Stat. 946; Oct. 15, 1970, Pub. L. 91–452, §243(b), 84 Stat. 931.
  49:1017(a). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §417(a); added May 16, 1942, ch. 318, §1, 56 Stat. 297; Oct. 15, 1970, Pub. L. 91–452, §243(c), 84 Stat. 931.
10301(h) 49:18(2). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, §18(2), 24 Stat. 386; restated Mar. 2, 1889, ch. 382, §7, 25 Stat. 861; Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §433, 41 Stat. 493.

The section consolidates and restates the source provisions for clarity. The 3d sentence of 49:11 is omitted as executed. The text of 49:18(1) (1st sentence) is omitted as surplus in view of chapter 53 of title 5.

In subsection (d), the words "employ or" in the 6th sentence of 49:11 are omitted as surplus.

In subsection (f), the 2d and 3d sentences of 49:19a(a) are omitted as surplus. The words "examiners" and "special agents" are omitted as surplus. The words "executive and" in section 1(a) of Reorg. Plan No. 1 of 1969, are omitted as surplus.

In subsection (h), reference to transportation expenses is omitted as unnecessary in view of chapter 57 of title 5.

Amendments

1982—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 97–253, §502(e), substituted "5" and "3" for "7" and "4", respectively.

Pub. L. 97–253, §502(b), substituted "7" and "4" for "11" and "6", respectively.

Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 97–253, §502(h)(1), substituted "5" for "7".

Effective Date of 1982 Amendment

Section 502(b) of Pub. L. 97–253 provided that the amendment made by such section 502(b) is effective Jan. 1, 1983.

Section 502(e) of Pub. L. 97–253 provided that the amendment made by such section 502(e) is effective Jan. 1, 1986.

Section 502(h)(2) of Pub. L. 98–253 provided that: "The amendment made by paragraph (1) of this subsection [amending this section] shall take effect on January 1, 1984, and shall apply to any person appointed, after such date, to fill any office, as a member of the Interstate Commerce Commission, the term for which is prescribed by law to expire after such date, except that such amendment shall not apply to the person designated by the President to fill the term of office which is to end under subsection (g) of this section [set out as a note below] on December 31, 1991."

Abolition of Offices Vacant on July 1, 1982

Section 502(a) of Pub. L. 97–253 provided that: "Effective January 1, 1983, each office within the Interstate Commerce Commission provided in section 10301(b) of title 49, United States Code (except one of the two offices prescribed by law to expire on December 31, 1984), which was vacant on July 1, 1982, is abolished."

Abolition of Offices After December 31, 1985

Section 502(c), (d) of Pub. L. 97–253 provided that:

"(c) Upon the expiration of the term of office as a member of the Interstate Commerce Commission which is prescribed by law to expire on December 31, 1982, any person appointed to fill such office after such date shall be appointed for a term of office which ends on December 31, 1985, and such office shall be abolished immediately after the expiration of that date.

"(d) Upon the expiration of the term of office as a member of the Interstate Commerce Commission which is prescribed by law to expire on December 31, 1983, any person appointed to fill such office after such date shall be appointed for a term of office which ends on December 31, 1985, and such office shall be abolished immediately after the expiration of that date."

Reappointment to Terms of Office Expiring on December 31, 1982, or December 31, 1983

Section 502(f) of Pub. L. 97–253 provided that: "Nothing in subsection (c) or (d) of this section [set out above] shall be construed as prohibiting the reappointment of any person serving in such office in terms expiring on December 31, 1982, or December 31, 1983, respectively."

Extension of One Term of Office Prescribed by Law To Expire December 31, 1987

Section 502(g) of Pub. L. 97–253 provided that: "The term of office of one of the two persons appointed to fill an office, as a member of the Interstate Commerce Commission, the term for which is prescribed by law to expire on December 31, 1987, shall end on December 31, 1991. At the time of the first of such two appointments, the President shall designate which appointment is to fill the term of office which shall end under the preceding sentence on December 31, 1991."

§10302. Divisions of the Commission

(a) The Interstate Commerce Commission may establish and assign Commissioners to serve on as many divisions as may be necessary and may designate any division as an appellate division. Each division shall be composed of at least 3 Commissioners. The Commission may assign a Commissioner to serve on more than one division.

(b) Unless otherwise directed by the Commission—

(1) the Commissioner senior in service of the Commissioners on a division is chairman of the division; and

(2) the Chairman of the Commission, or another Commissioner designated by the Chairman, may serve on a division temporarily, when there is a vacancy in the membership of the division or when another Commissioner is absent or unable to serve.


(c) The Commission shall designate each division numerically or by a term descriptive of the function of that division.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1342.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10302 49:17(1). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, §17(1), 24 Stat. 385; Mar. 2, 1889, ch. 382, §6, 25 Stat. 861; Aug. 9, 1917, ch. 50, §2, 40 Stat. 270; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543; restated Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §12, 54 Stat. 913.
  49:305(h). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §205(h); added Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 548; Sept, 18, 1940, ch. 722, §20(c)(2), 54 Stat. 922.
  49:916(a). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §316(a); added Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §201, 54 Stat. 946; Oct. 15, 1970, Pub. L. 91–452, §243(b), 84 Stat. 931.
  49:1017(a). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §417(a); added May 16, 1942, ch. 318, §1, 56 Stat. 297; Oct. 15, 1970, Pub. L. 91–452, §243(c), 84 Stat. 931.

The section consolidates and restates the source provisions for clarity. The words "which may be changed from time to time" are omitted as surplus.

§10303. Secretary of the Commission; public records

(a) The Chairman of the Interstate Commerce Commission, with its approval, shall appoint the Secretary of the Commission.

(b) The Secretary is the custodian of public records filed with the Commission. Copies of classifications, tariffs, and all arrangements filed with the Commission under this subtitle, and the statistics, tables, and figures contained in reports made to the Commission under this subtitle, are public records. A public record, or a copy or extract of it, certified by the Secretary under the seal of the Commission is competent evidence in a proceeding of the Commission and in a judicial proceeding.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1342.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10303(a) 49:18(1) (2d sentence). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, §18(1) (2d sentence), 24 Stat. 385; Mar. 2, 1889, ch. 382, §7, 25 Stat. 861; June 29, 1906, ch. 3591, §8, 34 Stat. 595; Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §§433, 440, 41 Stat. 493, 497.
  49:17(4) (2d sentence). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, §17(4) (2d sentence), 24 Stat. 385; Mar. 2, 1889, ch. 382, §6, 25 Stat. 861; Aug. 9, 1917, ch. 50, §2, 40 Stat. 270; Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §432, 41 Stat. 493; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543; restated Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §12, 54 Stat. 913.
  49:305(h). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §205(h); added Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 548; Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §20(c), 54 Stat. 922.
  49:916(a). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §316(a); added Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §201, 54 Stat. 946; Oct. 15, 1970, Pub. L. 91–452, §243(b), 84 Stat. 931.
  49:1017(a). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §417(a); added May 16, 1942, ch. 318, §1, 56 Stat. 297; Oct. 15, 1970, Pub. L. 91–452, §243(c), 84 Stat. 931.
10303(b) 49:16(13). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, §16(13), 24 Stat. 384; Mar. 2, 1889, ch. 382, §5, 25 Stat. 859; June 29, 1906, ch. 3591, §5, 34 Stat. 590; restated June 18, 1910, ch. 309, §13, 36 Stat. 554; Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §429, 41 Stat. 492; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543.
  49:304(d) (related to administrative matters). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §204(d) (related to administrative matters); added Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 546; Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §20(b)(3), 54 Stat. 922.
  49:916(d). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §316(d); added Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §201, 54 Stat. 946.
  49:1017(d). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §417(d); added May 16, 1942, ch. 318, §1, 56 Stat. 297.

The section consolidates and restates the source provisions for clarity.

In subsection (a), the 2d sentence of 49:17(4) is omitted as surplus.

In subsection (b), the words "shall be preserved" and "with like effect as the originals" from 49:16(13), 916(d), and 1017(d) are omitted as surplus. The word "arrangements" is substituted for "contracts, agreements, and arrangements" for clarity. The word "tariffs" is substituted for "schedules . . . tariffs" in view of the definition of "tariff" in section 10102 of the revised title. The words "rates, fares, and charges" are omitted in view of the requirement of subchapter IV of chapter 107 that rates, fares, and charges be included in tariffs. The words "is competent evidence in a proceeding of the Commission" are substituted for "shall be received as prima facie evidence of what they purport to be for the purpose of investigation by the Commission" in 49:16(13) for clarity.

§10304. Employee boards

The Interstate Commerce Commission may establish employee boards composed of at least 3 employees. An employee who is a director or assistant director of a bureau, a chief of a section, an employee designated by the Commission, or an attorney may serve on a board.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1342.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10304 49:17(2) (1st sentence 80th–98th words and 2d sentence). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, §17(2) (1st sentence 80th–98th words and 2d sentence), 24 Stat. 385; Aug. 9, 1917, ch. 50, §2, 40 Stat. 270; Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §431, 41 Stat. 492; Feb. 28, 1933, ch. 136, §1, 47 Stat. 1368; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543; restated Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §12, 54 Stat. 913.
  49:305(h). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §205(h); added Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 548; Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §20(c), 54 Stat. 922.
  49:916(a). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §316(a); added Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §201, 54 Stat. 946; Oct. 15, 1970, Pub. L. 91–452, §243(b), 84 Stat. 931.
  49:1017(a). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §417(a); added May 16, 1942, ch. 318, §1, 56 Stat. 297; Oct. 15, 1970, Pub. L. 91–452, §243(c), 84 Stat. 931.

The words "The following classes of employees shall be eligible for designation by the Commission to serve on such boards" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement. The words "employee designated by the Commission" are substituted for "examiner" because as used in this section the term is not limited to an employee appointed under section 3105 of title 5. As a result, the Commission may classify any group of employees as examiners under 49:17(2). That result is not affected by subchapter II of chapter 5 of title 5 because of section 559 of title 5.

§10305. Delegation of authority

(a) The Interstate Commerce Commission may delegate to a division, an individual Commissioner, an employee board, or an employee appointed under section 3105 of title 5, a matter before the Commission for action, including a matter referred to it by either House of Congress or by Congress. However, the Commission may not delegate a matter required to be referred to a joint board under section 10341 of this title, or a function vested in the Commission under this chapter. The Commission may change or rescind a delegation under this subsection at any time. When a Commissioner or employee cannot act on a matter delegated under this section because of absence or another reason, the Chairman of the Commission may designate another Commissioner or employee, as the case may be, to serve temporarily until the Commission otherwise orders.

(b) Delegation to a division of a matter related to the validity of rates shall be made according to the character of regulation exercised. The delegation of any such matter may not be made according to the kind or class of carrier involved or to the form or mode of transportation in which that carrier may be engaged.

(c) A division, individual Commissioner, employee board, or an employee may act on a matter delegated under subsection (a) of this section. When acting under this section, a division, individual Commissioner, board, or an employee has the same power and authority and is subject to the same duties and obligations as the Commission. Action taken under this section has the same force and is taken in the same manner as if taken by the Commission.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1342.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10305(a), (b) 49:17(2) (less 80th–98th words in 1st sentence and less 2d sentence). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, §17(2) (less 80th–98th words in 1st sentence and less 2d sentence), (4) (1st and 3d sentences), 24 Stat. 385; Aug. 9, 1917, ch. 50, §2, 40 Stat. 270; Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §432, 41 Stat. 492; Feb. 28, 1933, ch. 136, §1, 47 Stat. 1368; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543; restated Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §12, 54 Stat. 913.
  49:17(11). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §17(11); added Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §12, 54 Stat. 913; Feb. 5, 1976, Pub. L. 94–210, §303(a), 90 Stat. 48.
  49:305(h). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §205(h); added Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 548; Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §20(c), 54 Stat. 922.
  49:916(a). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §316(a); added Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §201, 54 Stat. 946; Oct. 15, 1970, Pub. L. 91–452, §243(b), 84 Stat. 931.
  49:1017(a). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §417(a); added May 16, 1942, ch. 318, §1, 56 Stat. 297; Oct. 15, 1970, Pub. L. 91–452, §243(c), 84 Stat. 931.
10305(c) 49:17(4) (1st and 3d sentences).
  49:17(11).
  49:305(h).
  49:916(a).
  49:1017(a).

In subsection (a), the words "work, business, or functions under any provision of law" and "by order" from 49:17(2) are omitted as surplus. The word "change" is substituted for "amend", "modify", and "supplement" in 49:17(2) for clarity and consistency. The words "employee appointed under section 3105 of title 5" are substituted for "examiner" in 49:17(11) for clarity because those examiners perform judicial functions. The provisions of 49:17(11) initially applied only to hearings involving motor carriers but are revised to apply to any matter under the subtitle in view of section 556 of title 5.

In subsection (c), the words "hear", "determine", "order", "certify", "report", "otherwise act", "force", and "evidenced" from 49:17(4) are omitted as surplus.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in sections 10306, 10307, 10310, 10321, 10327 of this title.

§10306. Conduct of proceedings

(a) A majority of the Interstate Commerce Commission, a division, or an employee board is a quorum for the transaction of business. A Commissioner, the Secretary of the Commission, a member of an employee board, or an employee delegated to act under section 10305 of this title may administer oaths.

(b) A party may appear and be heard before the Commission, a division, an individual Commissioner, a board, or an employee delegated to act under section 10305 of this title in person or by an individual admitted to practice under section 10308 of this title. A hearing before the Commission, a division, an individual Commissioner, a board, or an employee shall be made public on the request of an interested party.

(c) The Commission shall conform its forms for giving notice and their manner of service, to the extent practical, to those used by the courts of the United States.

(d) Votes and other official acts of the Commission, a division, an individual Commissioner, an employee board, or an employee delegated to act under section 10305 of this title shall be recorded and shall be made public on the request of an interested party.

(e) A member of a board and an employee delegated to act under section 10305 of this title may not have a pecuniary interest in, hold an official relation to, or own securities of a carrier providing transportation by any mode.

(f) The Commission shall review at least once every 3 years and revise as necessary the rules of practice for matters related to rail carriers adopted under section 305(c) 1 of the Railroad Revitalization and Regulatory Reform Act of 1976 (90 Stat. 53).

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1343.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10306(a)– (e) 49:17(3) (less 2d sentence and last 42 words of 3d sentence). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, §17(3) (less 2d sentence and last 42 words of 3d sentence), 24 Stat. 385; Mar. 2, 1889, ch. 382, §6, 25 Stat. 861; Aug. 9, 1917, ch. 50, §2, 40 Stat. 270; Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §430, 41 Stat. 492; Feb. 28, 1933, ch. 136, §1, 47 Stat. 1368; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543; restated Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §12, 54 Stat. 913.
  49:17(11). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §17(11); added Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §12, 54 Stat. 913; Feb. 5, 1976, Pub. L. 94–210, §304(a), 90 Stat. 48.
  49:305(h), (i) (related to examiners). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §205(h), (i) (related to examiners); added Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 548; Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §20(c)(2), 54 Stat. 922.
  49:916(a). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §316(a); added Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §201, 54 Stat. 946; Oct. 15, 1970, Pub. L. 91–452, §243(b), 84 Stat. 931.
  49:1017(a). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §417(a); added May 16, 1942, ch. 318, §1, 56 Stat. 297; Oct. 15, 1970, Pub. L. 91–452, §243(c), 84 Stat. 931.
10306(f) 49:17 (note). Feb. 5, 1976, Pub. L. 94–210, §305(e), 90 Stat. 54.

In subsections (a)–(e), the first sentence of 49:17(3) is omitted as surplus. The words "The Commission may, from time to time, make or amend such general rules or orders as may be requisite for the order and regulation of proceedings before it, or before any division, individual Commissioner, or board, including forms of notice and service thereof" in 49:17(3) (5th sentence) are omitted as unnecessary in view of section 10321 of the revised title. The last sentence of 49:17(3) is omitted as unnecessary in view of section 10301(d) of the revised title and subsection (e) of this section. The words "individual admitted to practice under section 10308 of this title" are substituted for "attorney" for consistency in view of section 10308. The words "shall be recorded" are substituted for "shall be entered of record" in 49:17(3) for clarity. The words "transportation by any mode" are substituted for "any motor carrier or in any carrier by railroad, water, or other form of transportation" in 49:305 for clarity.

In subsection (f), the words "at least" are substituted for "not less than" for clarity and consistency. The word "periodically" is omitted as surplus. The words "section 305(c) of the Railroad Revitalization and Regulatory Reform Act of 1976 (90 Stat. 53)" are substituted for "subsection (c) of this section" for clarity in view of the restatement.

References in Text

Section 305(c) of the Railroad Revitalization and Regulatory Reform Act of 1976 (90 Stat. 53), referred to in subsec. (f), is Pub. L. 94–210, title III, §305(c), Feb. 5, 1976, 90 Stat. 53, and was repealed by Pub. L. 95–473, §4(b), Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1466.

1 See References in Text note below.

§10307. Office and sessions

(a) The principal office of the Interstate Commerce Commission is in the District of Columbia. Until otherwise provided by law, the Commission may obtain suitable offices for its use and may procure all necessary office supplies.

(b) General sessions of the Commission are held at its principal office. However, the Commission may hold special sessions in any part of the United States, for the convenience of the public or the parties and to avoid delay and expense. The Commission, an individual Commissioner, an employee board, or an employee delegated to act under section 10305 of this title may conduct proceedings under this subtitle in any part of the United States for the convenience of the parties.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1343.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10307(a) (1st sentence) 49:19. Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, §19, 24 Stat. 386; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543.
10307(a) (2d sentence) 49:18(1) (4th sentence). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §18(1) (4th sentence); added Mar. 2, 1889, ch. 382, §7, 25 Stat. 861; June 29, 1906, ch. 3591, §8, 34 Stat. 595; Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §§433, 440, 41 Stat. 493, 497.
10307(b) 49:19.
  49:305(c) (related to the Commission). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §205(c) (related to the Commission); added Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 549; Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §20(c)(2), 54 Stat. 922.

In subsection (a) (1st sentence), the words "District of Columbia" in 49:19 are substituted for "city of Washington" to reflect its incorporation.

In subsection (b), the words "conduct proceedings under this subtitle" are substituted for "prosecute any inquiry necessary to its duties" in 49:19 and "hearings" in 49:305(c). Subsection (b) is written to have subtitle-wide application because of the general power of the Commission to conduct investigations and carry out the subtitle under sections 10321 and 11701 of the revised title.

§10308. Admission to practice

Subject to section 500 of title 5, the Interstate Commerce Commission may regulate the admission of individuals to practice before it and may impose a reasonable admission fee.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1343.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10308 49:17(13). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §17(13); added Sept. 18. 1940, ch. 722, §12, 54 Stat. 913; Feb. 5, 1976, Pub. L. 94–210, §303(a), 90 Stat. 48.
  49:305(h). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §205(h); added Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 548; Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §20(c), 54 Stat. 922.
  49:916(a). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §316(a); added Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §201, 54 Stat. 946; Oct. 15, 1970, Pub. L. 91–452, §243(b), 84 Stat. 931.
  49:1017(a). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §417(a); added May 16, 1942, ch. 318, §1, 56 Stat. 297; Oct. 15, 1970, Pub. L. 91–452, §243(c), 84 Stat. 931.

The section consolidates and restates the source provisions for clarity. The last clause of 49:17(13) is omitted as surplus in view of section 484 of title 31. The words "Subject to section 500 of title 5" are inserted for clarity and to conform to title 5.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in section 10306 of this title.

§10309. Access to records by congressional committees

(a) When the Committee on Energy and Commerce of the House of Representatives or the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate makes a written request for a record in the possession or under the control of the Interstate Commerce Commission related to a matter involving a rail carrier providing transportation subject to this subtitle, the Commission shall send that record or a copy to the committee by the 10th day after the date of receipt of the request. If the record is not sent, the Commission shall send a written report to that committee within the 10-day period stating the reason why the record has not been sent and the anticipated date on which it will be sent. If the Commission transfers a record in its possession or under its control to another department, agency, or instrumentality of the United States Government, or to a person, it must condition the transfer on the guaranteed return of the record by the transferee to the Commission so that the Commission can comply with this subsection.

(b) Subsection (a) of this section does not apply to a record obtained by the Commission from a person subject to regulation by it if the record contains trade secrets or commercial or financial information of a privileged or confidential nature. Subsection (a) of this section does not limit other authority of Congress, either House of Congress, or a committee or subcommittee of either House, to obtain a record.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1344; Pub. L. 103–437, §18, Nov. 2, 1994, 108 Stat. 4596.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10309 49:17(15). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §17(15); added Feb. 5, 1976, Pub. L. 94–210, §301, 90 Stat. 47.
  49:305(h). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §205(h); added Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 548; Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §20(c), 54 Stat. 922.
  49:916(a). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §316(a); added Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §201, 54 Stat. 946; Oct. 15, 1970, Pub. L. 91–452, §243(b), 84 Stat. 931.
  49:1017(a). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §417(a); added May 16, 1942, ch. 318, §1, 56 Stat. 297; Oct. 15, 1970, Pub. L. 91–452, §243(c), 84 Stat. 931.

The words "Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation" are substituted for "Committee on Commerce" to conform to the amendment made to Senate Rule XXV changing the name of the committee. The word "record" is substituted for "document" for consistency with other sections of the revised title and with subchapter II of chapter 5 of title 5. In view of the substitution, the last sentence of 49:17(15) is omitted as unnecessary. The word "send" is substituted for "submit" as being more appropriate.

Amendments

1994—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 103–437 substituted "Energy and Commerce" for "Interstate and Foreign Commerce".

Change of Name

Committee on Energy and Commerce of House of Representatives changed to Committee on Commerce of House of Representatives, with certain jurisdiction relating to railroads, railway labor, or railway retirement and unemployment given to Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of House of Representatives, by House Resolution No. 6, One Hundred Fourth Congress, Jan. 4, 1995.

§10310. Reporting official action

(a) The Interstate Commerce Commission shall make a written report of each proceeding conducted on complaint or on its own initiative and furnish a copy to each party to that proceeding. The report shall include the findings, conclusions, and the order of the Commission and, if damages are awarded, the findings of fact supporting the award. The Commission may have its reports published for public use. A published report of the Commission is competent evidence of its contents.

(b)(1) When action of the Commission in a matter related to a rail carrier is taken by the Commission, a division, a group of Commissioners, an individual Commissioner, an employee board, an employee delegated to act under section 10305 of this title, or another individual or group of individuals designated to take official action for the Commission, the written statement of that action (including a report, order, decision and order, vote, notice, letter, policy statements, or regulation) shall indicate—

(A) the official designation of the individual or group taking the action;

(B) the name of each individual taking, or participating in taking, the action; and

(C) the vote or position of each participating individual.


(2) If an individual member of a group taking an official action referred to in paragraph (1) of this subsection does not participate in it, the written statement of the action shall indicate that the member did not participate. An individual participating in taking an official action is entitled to express the views of that individual as part of the written statement of the action. In addition to any publication of the written statement, it shall be made available to the public under section 552(a) of title 5.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1344.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10310(a) 49:14(1), (2), (3) (less last sentence). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, §14(1), (2), (3) (less last sentence), 24 Stat. 383; Mar. 2, 1889, ch. 382, §4, 25 Stat. 859; restated June 29, 1906, ch. 3591, §3, 34 Stat. 589; Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §417, 41 Stat. 484; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543.
  49:304(d) (related to reports). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §204(d) (related to reports); added Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 546; Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §20(b)(3), 54 Stat. 922.
  49:916(c). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §316(c); added Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §201, 54 Stat. 946.
  49:1017(c). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §417(c); added May 16, 1942, ch. 318, §1, 56 Stat. 297.
10310(b) 49:17(9)(j). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §17(9)(j); added Feb. 5, 1976, Pub. L. 94–210, §303(a), 90 Stat. 48.

In subsection (a), the words "enter of record" and "decisions" are omitted as surplus. The words "for public use" are substituted for "form best adapted for public information and use" for clarity. The words "in all courts of the United States and of the several States without any further proof or authentication thereof" are omitted as surplus.

Subsection (b) is made applicable to official action related only to rail carriers since 49:17(9)(j) is governed by the limitation of 49:17(9)(i) which makes paragraph (9) applicable to matters related to rail carriers only. The words "written statement" are substituted for "reports in writing and other written statement". The last sentence is substituted for the last sentence of 49:17(9)(j) for clarity.

§10311. Annual report

The Interstate Commerce Commission shall prepare and send to Congress an annual report before April 3 of each year. The Commission shall include in the annual report information that may be of value in answering questions related to regulation of transportation and the names and pay of individuals employed by the Commission. The Commission may include in its annual report, or send to Congress at any time, recommendations for additional legislation related to regulation of transportation.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1345.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10311 49:21. Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, §21, 24 Stat. 387; Mar. 2, 1889, ch. 382, §8, 25 Stat. 862; May 23, 1935, ch. 136, §1, 49 Stat. 287; Apr. 21, 1976, Pub. L. 94–273, §11(4), 90 Stat. 378.
  49:12(1)(a) (words after semicolon in 2d sentence). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §12(1)(a) (words after semicolon in 2d sentence); added Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §9, 54 Stat. 910; Feb. 5, 1976, Pub. L. 94–210, §207, 90 Stat. 42.
  49:14(3) (last sentence). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, §14(3) (last sentence), 24 Stat. 384; Mar. 2, 1889, ch. 382, §4, 25 Stat. 859; restated June 29, 1906, ch. 3591, §3, 34 Stat. 589; Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §417, 41 Stat. 484.
  49:304(a)(7) (words after semicolon). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §204(a)(7) (words after semicolon); added Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 546; June 29, 1938, ch. 811, §4, 52 Stat. 1237; Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §20(a), 54 Stat. 922.
  49:304(d). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §204(d); added Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 546; Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §20(b)(3), 54 Stat. 922.
  49:904(b) (words after last semicolon). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §304(b) (words after last semicolon); added Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §201, 54 Stat. 933.
  49:916(a). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §316(a); added Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §201, 54 Stat. 946; Oct. 15, 1970, Pub. L. 91–452, §243(b), 84 Stat. 931.
  49:1003(e) (words after last semicolon). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §403(e) (words after last semicolon); added May 16, 1942, ch. 318, §1, 56 Stat. 285.
  49:1017(a). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §417(a); added May 16, 1942, ch. 318, §1, 56 Stat. 297; Oct. 15, 1970, Pub. L. 91–452, §243(c), 84 Stat. 931.

The section consolidates and restates the source provision for clarity. The words "and copies of which shall be distributed as are the other reports transmitted to Congress" in 49:21 are omitted as unnecessary. The words "and data collected by the Commission" in 49:21 are omitted as surplus. The words "individuals employed by" are substituted for "persons employed by" in 49:21 since only natural persons may be employees. The last sentence of 49:14(3) is omitted as unnecessary.

Report on Application of Surcharges and Cancellation of Joint Rates; Inclusion Within Annual Report

Pub. L. 96–448, title II, §217(c)(1), Oct. 14, 1980, 94 Stat. 1925, provided that: "The Interstate Commerce Commission shall include in its annual report to the Congress under section 10311 of title 49, United States Code a report with respect to the application of surcharges and the cancellation of the application of joint rates by the Consolidated Rail Corporation and other rail carriers, during the preceding year, under section 10705a of title 49, United States Code. Each such report shall include—

"(A) an analysis of the effect of application of surcharges and the cancellation of the application of joint rates under such section 10705a on shippers, ports, class II and class III rail carriers, railroad employees, and other elements of the rail system;

"(B)(i) the number of surcharges applied by the Consolidated Rail Corporation and all other rail carriers under such section 10705a and the amount of revenue received by the Corporation and all other rail carriers from the application of such surcharges, (ii) the number of surcharges applied by the Corporation and all other rail carriers that were canceled under the procedures of such section 10705a, and (iii) the number of cancellations of the application of a joint rate by the Corporation and all other rail carriers under such section 10705a; and

"(C) an analysis of the operation of the remedies made available to class III rail carriers under subsections (i), (j), and (k) of such section 10705a and to class II and class III rail carriers under subsection (l) of such section 10705a."

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in sections 10706, 10709 of this title.

SUBCHAPTER II—ADMINISTRATIVE

Subchapter Referred to in Other Sections

This subchapter is referred to in sections 10341, 10343, 10530, 10705, 10724, 10925, 10928, 10929, 11123, 11124, 11125, 11127, 11349 of this title.

§10321. Powers

(a) The Interstate Commerce Commission shall carry out this subtitle. Enumeration of a power of the Commission in this subtitle does not exclude another power the Commission may have in carrying out this subtitle. The Commission may prescribe regulations in carrying out this subtitle.

(b) The Commission may—

(1) inquire into and report on the management of the business of carriers providing, and brokers for, transportation and service subject to this subtitle;

(2) inquire into and report on the management of the business of a person controlling, controlled by, or under common control with those carriers or brokers to the extent that the business of that person is related to the management of the business of that carrier or broker;

(3) obtain from those carriers, brokers, and persons information the Commission decides is necessary to carry out this subtitle; and

(4) consistent with the transportation policy of section 10101 of this title, provide administrative assistance to small motor common carriers of passengers and local governments in preparing for proceedings under sections 10922(c)(2),1 10935, and 11501(e) of this title.


(c)(1) The Commission, an individual Commissioner, an employee board, and an employee delegated to act under section 10305 of this title may subpena witnesses and records related to a proceeding of the Commission from any place in the United States, to the designated place of the proceeding. If a witness disobeys a subpena, the Commission, or a party to a proceeding before the Commission, may petition a court of the United States to enforce that subpena.

(2) Subpenas may be signed by a Commissioner, the Secretary of the Commission, or a member of a board when the subpena relates to a matter delegated to the board under section 10305 of this title.

(3) The district courts of the United States have jurisdiction to enforce a subpena issued under this section. Trial is in the district in which the proceeding is conducted. The court may punish a refusal to obey a subpena as a contempt of court.

(d)(1) In a proceeding, the Commission may take the testimony of a witness by deposition and may order the witness to produce records. A party to a proceeding pending before the Commission may take the testimony of a witness by deposition and may require the witness to produce records at any time after a proceeding is at issue on petition and answer.

(2) If a witness fails to be deposed or to produce records under paragraph (1) of this subsection, the Commission may subpena the witness to take a deposition, produce the records, or both.

(3) A deposition may be taken before a judge of a court of the United States, a United States magistrate judge, a clerk of a district court, or a chancellor, justice, or judge of a supreme or superior court, mayor or chief magistrate of a city, judge of a county court, or court of common pleas of any State, or a notary public who is not counsel or attorney of a party or interested in the proceeding.

(4) Before taking a deposition, reasonable notice must be given in writing by the party or the attorney of that party proposing to take a deposition to the opposing party or the attorney of record of that party, whoever is nearest. The notice shall state the name of the witness and the time and place of taking the deposition.

(5) The testimony of a person deposed under this subsection shall be taken under oath. The person taking the deposition shall prepare, or cause to be prepared, a transcript of the testimony taken. The transcript shall be subscribed by the deponent.

(6) The testimony of a witness who is in a foreign country may be taken by deposition before an officer or person designated by the Commission or agreed on by the parties by written stipulation filed with the Commission. A deposition shall be filed with the Commission promptly.

(e) Each witness summoned before the Commission or whose deposition is taken under this section and the individual taking the deposition are entitled to the same fees and mileage paid for those services in the courts of the United States.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1345; Pub. L. 97–261, §24, Sept. 20, 1982, 96 Stat. 1124; Pub. L. 103–272, §4(j)(12), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1368.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Pub. L. 95–473
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10321(a), (b) 49:12(1)(a) (1st sentence, 2d sentence less words after the semicolon, and last sentence words before 1st semicolon). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, §12 (less (1)(a) (2d sentence words after semicolon and last sentence words after 1st semicolon and before last semicolon) and less (1)(b)), 24 Stat. 383; Mar. 2, 1889, ch. 382, §3, 25 Stat. 858; Feb. 10, 1891, ch. 128, §1, 26 Stat. 743; Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §415, 41 Stat. 484; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543; restated Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §9, 54 Stat. 910; Feb. 5, 1976, Pub. L. 94–210, §207, 90 Stat. 42.
  49:15(16). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §15(16); added June 29, 1906, ch. 3591, §4, 34 Stat. 589; restated June 18, 1910, ch. 309, §12, 36 Stat. 551; Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §421, 41 Stat. 488; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543; Feb. 5, 1976, Pub. L. 94–210, §202(c), 90 Stat. 36.
  49:20b(10). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §20b(10); added Apr. 9, 1948, ch. 646, §32(a), 62 Stat. 166.
  49:304(a) (matter before (1), (6), and (7) (less words after semicolon)). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §204(a) (matter before (1), (6), and (7) (less words after semicolon)); added Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 546; June 29, 1938, ch. 811, §4, 52 Stat. 1237; Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §20(a), 54 Stat. 922.
  49:904(a) and (b) (less words after last semicolon). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §304(a) and (b) (less words after last semicolon); added Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §201, 54 Stat. 933.
  49:1003(a) and (e) (less words after last semicolon). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §403 (a) and (e) (less words after last semicolon); added May 16, 1942, ch. 318, §1, 56 Stat. 285.
10321(c)(1) 49:12(1)(a) (last sentence words after semicolon), (2).
  49:305(d) (related to Commission and employee board subpena power). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §205(d) (related to Commission and employee board subpena power); added Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 550; Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §20(c)(2), 54 Stat. 922.
  49:916(a). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §316(a); added Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §201, 54 Stat. 946; Oct. 15, 1970, Pub. L. 91–452, §243(b), 84 Stat. 931.
  49:1017(a). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §417(a); added May 16, 1942, ch. 318, §1, 56 Stat. 297; Oct. 15, 1970, Pub. L. 91–452, §243(c), 84 Stat. 931.
10321(c)(2) 49:17(3) (last 42 words of 3d sentence). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, §17(3) (last 42 words of 3d sentence), 24 Stat. 385; Mar. 2, 1889, ch. 382, §6, 25 Stat. 861; Aug. 9, 1917, ch. 50, §2, 40 Stat. 270; Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §432, 41 Stat. 493; Feb. 28, 1933, ch. 136, §1, 47 Stat. 1368; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543; restated Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §12, 54 Stat. 913.
  49:305(h). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §205(h); added Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 548; Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §20(c)(2), 54 Stat. 922.
10321(c)(3) 49:12(3).
  49:305(d) (related to Commission and employee board subpena power).
  49:916(a).
  49:1017(a).
10321(d) (1)–(4) 49:12(4).
  49:305(d) (related to depositions taken by Commission and employee boards).
  49:916(a).
  49:1017(a).
10321(d) (5), (6) 49:12 (5), (6).
  49:305(d) (related to depositions taken by Commission and employee boards).
  49:916(a).
  49:1017(a).
10321(e) 49:12(7).
  49:18(1) (last sentence). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, §18(1) (last sentence), 24 Stat. 383; restated Mar. 2, 1889, ch. 382, §7, 25 Stat. 861; Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §433, 41 Stat. 493.
  49:305(d) (related to depositions taken by Commission and employee boards).
  49:916(a).
  49:1017(a).

The section consolidates and restates the source provisions for clarity.

In subsection (a), the words "carry out" are substituted for "execute" and "enforce" in 49:12(1)(a) and 304(a)(6) and for "administer" in 49:304(a)(6), 904(a), and 1003(a) for clarity. In the second sentence, the words "foregoing" and "making of an order" from 49:15(16) are omitted as surplus.

In subsection (b), the words "The Commission may" are substituted for "The Commission shall have authority, in order to perform the duties and carry out the objects for which it was created" and "and the Commission shall keep itself informed as to the manner and method in which the same are conducted" from 49:12(1)(a) because the authority is discretionary. A similar change has been made for language in 49:304(a) (matter before paragraph (1)), 904(a), and 1003(a).

In subsections (c) and (d), the words after the semicolon in 49:305(c) are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement.

In subsection (c)(1), the word "records" is substituted for "books, papers, tariffs, contracts, agreements, and documents". The word "proceeding" is substituted for "proceeding", "matter", and "investigation" to eliminate redundancy.

In subsection (d)(1), the word "proceeding" is substituted for "proceeding or investigation" to eliminate redundancy.

In subsection (d)(3), the words "United States magistrate" are substituted to conform to title 28. The term "district court" is substituted for "circuit court" because of the Act of March 3, 1911, ch. 231, §291, 36 Stat. 1167.

In subsection (d)(5), the word "oath" is substituted for "cautioned and sworn (or affirm, if he so request)" in view of section 1 of title 1. The words "to testify the whole truth, and shall be carefully examined" are omitted as surplus.

Pub. L. 103–272

Section 4(j)(12) amends 49:502(e)(2) and 10321(d)(3) to reflect the change in the name of United States magistrates to United States magistrate judges made by section 321 of the Judicial Improvements Act of 1990 (Public Law 101–650, 104 Stat. 5117).

References in Text

Section 10922(c)(2) of this title, referred to in subsec. (b)(4), was redesignated section 10922(d)(2) of this title by Pub. L. 103–311, title II, §207(a)(1), Aug. 26, 1994, 108 Stat. 1686.

Amendments

1994—Subsec. (d)(3). Pub. L. 103–272 inserted "judge" after "United States magistrate".

1982—Subsec. (b)(4). Pub. L. 97–261 added par. (4).

Effective Date of 1982 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 97–261 effective on 60th day after Sept. 20, 1982, see section 31(a) of Pub. L. 97–261, set out as a note under section 10101 of this title.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in sections 10341, 10344 of this title.

1 See References in Text note below.

§10322. Commission action and appellate procedure in non-rail proceedings

(a) This section applies to a matter before the Interstate Commerce Commission over which the Commission has jurisdiction under chapter 105 of this title, other than a matter involving a rail carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter I of such chapter, or section 10934 or 11501(e). The deadlines set forth in this section do not apply to the following sections of this title: 10525(c), 10530, 10708(b), 10708(f), 10922(i)(2),1 10922(i)(4),1 10928, 10934(c), 10935, 11345a, and 11701(c). In addition, the deadlines set forth in this section do not apply to any application filed under section 10922(c)(2)(A) 1 of this title for authority to provide regular-route transportation entirely in one State as a motor common carrier of passengers.

(b)(1) Except as provided in paragraph (2) of this subsection, a division, individual commissioner, employee board, or an employee delegated under section 10305 of this title to make an initial decision in a matter related to a carrier (other than a rail carrier), or, in the case of a matter referred to a joint board under section 10341 of this title, such joint board—

(A) shall, in any case in which an oral hearing is held or the Commission has found that an issue of general transportation importance is involved, complete all evidentiary proceedings related to the matter not later than the 180th day following institution of the proceeding and shall issue in writing the initial decision not later than the 270th day following institution of the proceeding; and

(B) shall, in the case of all other proceedings subject to this section, issue in writing the initial decision by the 180th day following institution of the proceeding.


If evidence is submitted in writing or testimony is taken at an oral hearing, the initial decision shall include specific findings of fact, specific and separate conclusions of law, an order, and justification for the findings of fact, conclusions of law, and order.

(2) In any case involving an application for authority to provide motor carrier transportation incidental to trailer-on-flatcar or container-on-flatcar service by rail under subchapter II of chapter 109 of this subtitle, a final decision on such application shall be issued in writing not later than the 180th day following the date such application is filed with the Commission.

(3) At the earliest practicable time after the filing of an application for authority under subchapter II of chapter 109 of this title, the Commission shall publish notice of the filing of such application.

(c) The Commission, or a division designated by the Commission, may waive the requirement for an initial decision under subsection (b) of this section and may require the matter to be considered by the Commission or such division on finding that the matter involves a question of Commission policy, a new or novel issue of law, or an issue of general transportation importance or that waiver of the initial decision is required for the timely execution of the Commission's functions. If the requirement for an initial decision is waived, a final decision shall be issued in writing within the time limit established for the issuance of the initial decision under subsection (b) of this section.

(d) In a proceeding under this section in which the parties have had at least an opportunity to submit evidence in written form, such parties shall have an opportunity to present arguments to the initial decisionmaker. The decisionmaker shall determine whether the arguments should be presented orally or in writing and may require that written arguments be submitted simultaneously with written submissions of evidence and that oral arguments be presented at an oral hearing. Upon issuance of an initial decision under this section, copies of such decision shall be served on the parties and submitted to the Commission.

(e) An initial decision under this section becomes a final decision on the 20th day after it is served on the interested parties, unless—

(1) an interested party files an appeal during the 20-day period or, if authorized by the Commission or division designated by the Commission, by the end of an additional period of not more than 20 days; or

(2) the Commission stays or postpones under subsection (f)(1) of this section the initial decision not later than the 20th day following the date it is served on the parties.


(f)(1) Before an initial decision under this section becomes a final decision, the Commission or a division or an employee board designated by the Commission, may review the initial decision on its own initiative and shall review an initial decision if a timely appeal is filed under subsection (e) of this section.

(2) An initial decision may be reviewed on the record on which it is based or by a further hearing. If an initial decision is reviewed, it shall be stayed pending final determination of the matter and it becomes a final decision only after the final determination is made. If a timely appeal is filed under subsection (e) of this section, the final determination shall be made not later than the 50th day after the appeal is filed. If an initial decision under this section is reviewed by the Commission or a division or an employee board designated by the Commission on its own initiative, the final decision shall be made not later than the 50th day after initiation of such review.

(3) Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph (2) of this subsection, if an initial decision under this section is reviewed by further hearing, such review shall be completed, and a final decision made, not later than the 120th day following the date the further hearing is granted.

(4) Review of, or appeal from, an initial decision under this section shall be conducted under section 557 of title 5. The Commission may prescribe rules limiting and defining the issues and pleadings on review under subsection (b) of such section.

(g)(1) The Commission may, at any time on its own initiative because of material error, new evidence, or substantially changed circumstances—

(A) reopen a proceeding;

(B) grant rehearing, reargument, or reconsideration of an action of the Commission; and

(C) change an action of the Commission.


An interested party may petition to reopen and reconsider an action of the Commission under this paragraph under regulations of the Commission.

(2) The Commission may grant a rehearing, reargument, or reconsideration of an action of the Commission that was taken by a division or an employee board designated by the Commission if it finds that—

(A) the action involved a matter of general transportation importance; or

(B) the action would be affected materially because of clear and convincing new evidence or changed circumstances.


An interested party may petition for rehearing, reargument, or reconsideration of an action of the Commission under this paragraph under regulations of the Commission. The Commission may stay an action pending a final determination under this paragraph. The Commission shall complete reconsideration and take final action by the 120th day after the petition is granted.

(3) If the Commission initiates any action under paragraph (1) of this subsection, final disposition under such paragraph shall be made not later than the 120th day following the date action is initiated.

(h) A final decision under this section shall be effective on the date it is served on the parties, and a civil action to enforce, enjoin, suspend, or set aside the decision may be filed after that date.

(i) In extraordinary circumstances, the Commission may extend a time period established by this section, except that the total of all such extensions with respect to any matter subject to the provisions of this section shall not exceed 90 days.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1346; Pub. L. 96–296, §25(a), July 1, 1980, 94 Stat. 816; Pub. L. 96–454, §5(b), Oct. 15, 1980, 94 Stat. 2014; Pub. L. 97–261, §§6(e), 16(c), 17(b), 28(a), Sept. 20, 1982, 96 Stat. 1107, 1117, 1119, 1128; Pub. L. 98–554, title II, §226(c)(1), Oct. 30, 1984, 98 Stat. 2851; Pub. L. 103–272, §5(m)(14), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1377.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10322 49:17(5). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §17(5); added Feb. 28, 1933, ch. 136, §1, 47 Stat. 1368; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543; restated Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §12, 54 Stat. 913; Sept. 14, 1961, Pub. L. 87–247, §1, 75 Stat. 517.
  49:305(h). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §205(h); added Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 548; Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §20(c), 54 Stat. 922.
  49:916(a). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §316(a); added Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §201, 54 Stat. 946; Oct. 15, 1970, Pub. L. 91–452, §243(b), 84 Stat. 931.
  49:1017(a). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §417(a); added May 16, 1942, ch. 318, §1, 56 Stat. 297; Oct. 15, 1970, Pub. L. 91–452, §243(c), 84 Stat. 931.

The section consolidates and restates the source provisions for clarity. The last sentence of 49:17(5) is omitted as unnecessary in view of section 10305 of the revised title. The words "initial decision" are substituted for "finding, report, or requirement" for consistency in view of subchapter II of chapter 5 of title 5.

References in Text

Sections 10922(i)(2), 10922(i)(4), and 10922(c)(2)(A) of this title, referred to in subsec. (a), were redesignated sections 10922(j)(2), 10922(j)(4), and 10922(d)(2)(A) of this title, respectively, by Pub. L. 103–311, title II, §207(a)(1), Aug. 26, 1994, 108 Stat. 1686.

Amendments

1994—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 103–272 substituted "title" for "subtitle" in two places.

1984—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 98–554 inserted "10530," after "10525(c),".

1982—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 97–261, §§6(e), 16(c), 17(b), inserted "or 11501(e)", substituted "10708(f), 10922(i)(2), 10922(i)(4)" for "10922(h)(2)", inserted "10935,", and inserted provision that the deadlines set forth in this section do not apply to any application filed under section 10922(c)(2)(A) of this subtitle for authority to provide regular-route transportation entirely in one State as a motor common carrier of passengers.

Subsec. (b)(3). Pub. L. 97–261, §28(a), struck out "in the Federal Register" after "shall publish".

1980—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 96–454 inserted ", or section 10934" after "under subchapter I of such chapter" and "10934(c)," after "10928,".

Pub. L. 96–296 completely revised section by incorporating prior provisions of this section, relating to initial decisions in nonrail proceedings, provisions of former section 10323 of this title, relating to rehearing, reargument, and reconsideration in nonrail proceedings, and provisions of former section 10325 of this title, relating to judicial review in nonrail proceedings, into provision designed to streamline the Commission hearing and appellate procedure in nonrail proceedings by, among other things, eliminating multiple levels of appeals, establishing deadlines for Commission action at each stage of the decisionmaking process, and making final decisions effective on the date served on the parties.

Effective Date of 1984 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 98–554 effective May 1, 1985, except as otherwise provided, see section 226(d) of Pub. L. 98–554, set out as an Effective Date note under section 10530 of this title.

Effective Date of 1982 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 97–261 effective on 60th day after Sept. 20, 1982, see section 31(a) of Pub. L. 97–261, set out as a note under section 10101 of this title.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in sections 10343, 11345a of this title.

1 See References in Text note below.

[§10323. Repealed. Pub. L. 96–296, §25(b), July 1, 1980, 94 Stat. 818]

Section, Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1346, related to rehearing, reargument, and reconsideration in nonrail proceedings. See section 10322(g) of this title.

§10324. Commission action

(a) Unless otherwise provided in this subtitle, the Interstate Commerce Commission may determine, within a reasonable time, when its actions, other than an action ordering the payment of money, take effect.

(b) An action of the Commission remains in effect under its own terms or until superseded. The Commission may change, suspend, or set aside any such action on notice. Notice may be given in a manner determined by the Commission. A court of competent jurisdiction may suspend or set aside any such action.

(c) An action of the Commission under section 10327 of this title is enforceable, unless the Commission stays or postpones such action.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1347; Pub. L. 96–258, §1(1), June 3, 1980, 94 Stat. 425; Pub. L. 96–296, §25(c), July 1, 1980, 94 Stat. 818.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Pub. L. 95–473
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10324(a), (b) 49:15(2). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, §15(2), 24 Stat. 383; June 29, 1906, ch. 3591, §4, 34 Stat. 589; June 18, 1910, ch. 309, §12, 36 Stat. 551; restated Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §418, 41 Stat. 484; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543; Feb. 5, 1976, Pub. L. 94–210, §302, 90 Stat. 48.
  49:16(6). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, §16(6), 24 Stat. 384; Mar. 2, 1889, ch. 382, §5, 25 Stat. 859; June 29, 1906, ch. 3591, §5, 34 Stat. 590; June 18, 1910, ch. 309, §13, 36 Stat. 534; Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §425, 41 Stat. 492.
  49:321(b), (d) (related to orders). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §221 (b), (d) (related to orders); added Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 563; Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §25(b), 54 Stat. 928.
  49:915(c), (d). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §315 (c), (d); added Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §201, 54 Stat. 946.
  49:1016(b), (c). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §416 (b), (c); added May 16, 1942, ch. 318, §1, 56 Stat. 296.
10324(c) 49:17(8). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §17(8); added Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §12, 54 Stat. 913.
  49:305(h). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §205(h); added Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 548; Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §20(c), 54 Stat. 922.
  49:916(a). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §316(a); added Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §201, 54 Stat. 946; Oct. 15, 1970, Pub. L. 91–452, §243(b), 84 Stat. 931.
  49:1017(a). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §417(a); added May 16, 1942, ch. 318, §1, 56 Stat. 297; Oct. 15, 1970, Pub. L. 91–452, §243(c), 84 Stat. 931.

In subsection (b), the word "change" is substituted for "modify" for consistency.

In subsection (c), the words "made in accordance with the provisions of this section and the rules and regulations of the Commission" are omitted as surplus because of the reference to section 10323 of the revised title governing applications for rehearing, reargument, and reconsideration, and since the power to prescribe regulations is stated in section 10321 of the revised title. The words "is enforceable" are substituted for "pending disposition of the matter by the Commission or appellate division; but otherwise the making of such an application shall not excuse any person from complying with or obeying the decision, order, or requirement, or operate to stay or postpone the enforcement thereof" to eliminate surplus words and for clarity. The subsection is made generally applicable to all Commission action because of section 705 of title 5.

Pub. L. 96–258

This amends section 10324(c) by making a technical change to conform to the source provisions and make clear that a stay or postponement is automatic on the filing of an application for rehearing, reargument, or reconsideration only when the initial decision is made by a decision maker other than the full Commission. The words "before the initial decision becomes an action of the Commission" are substituted for "the decision . . . has not yet become effective" in the source provision for clarity and to conform to sections 10322 and 10323 of title 49. The words "order, or requirement" are omitted as covered by "decision".

Explanation of Senate Amendments

Section 1(1) of the bill amends section 10324(c) of title 49, United States Code. The amendment mistakenly used the adjective "initial" in reference to an administrative decision. Secondly, the words "an action of the Commission" were inadvertently substituted for the word "effective". Finally, the words "those sections" [in section 2 of the bill] were inadvertently substituted for the words "that section". These amendments correct the errors in the House passed bill and ensure that the codification conforms to the underlying source laws.

Amendments

1980—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 96–296, §25(c)(1), struck out provision that an action of the Commission in a proceeding involving a motor carrier, a broker, a water carrier, or freight forwarder not take effect for 30 days.

Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 96–296, §25(c)(2), substituted provision making an action by the Commission under section 10327 of this title enforceable unless the Commission stays or postpones it for provision making an action by the Commission enforceable unless application for rehearing, reargument, or reconsideration was made under section 10323 of this title before the effective date of the action or the Commission stayed or postponed it.

Pub. L. 96–258 amended subsec. (c) generally, substituting provisions requiring the Commission to stay or postpone a decision made by a division, an individual Commissioner, a board, or an employee if an application for rehearing, reargument, or reconsideration is made under section 10323 of this title before the decision becomes effective and providing that a stay or postponement is effective until the Commission or appellate division disposes of the matter for provisions providing that an action of the Commission is enforceable unless application for rehearing, reargument, or reconsideration is made under section 10323 of this title before the effective date of the action.

[§10325. Repealed. Pub. L. 96–296, §25(d), July 1, 1980, 94 Stat. 818]

Section, Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1347, provided for judicial review in nonrail proceedings. See section 10322(h) of this title.

§10326. Limitations in rulemaking proceedings related to rail carriers

(a) When, under section 553(e) of title 5, an interested person (including a governmental authority) petitions the Interstate Commerce Commission to begin a rulemaking proceeding in a matter related to a rail carrier providing transportation subject to this subtitle, the Commission, or a division, an individual Commissioner, an employee board, an employee delegated to act under section 10305 of this title, or another person authorized to act on behalf of the Commission for any part of the proceeding, shall grant or deny that petition by the 120th day after receiving it. If the petition is granted, the Commission, or its delegate, shall begin an appropriate proceeding as soon as practicable. If the petition is denied, the reasons for the denial shall be published in the Federal Register.

(b)(1) If a petition is denied or action is not taken within the 120-day period under subsection (a) of this section, the petitioner may begin a civil action in an appropriate court of appeals of the United States for an order directing the Commission to begin a proceeding to take the action requested in the petition. A civil action under this subsection must be filed by the 60th day after the date of the denial or by the 60th day after the end of the 120-day period, whichever is appropriate.

(2) The court of appeals shall order the Commission to begin the action requested in the petition to the Commission if the court finds that the action requested in that petition is necessary and failure to take that action will result in the continuation of practices that are not consistent with the public interest or are not in accordance with this subtitle. The finding of the court must be based on a preponderance of the evidence in the record before the Commission or its delegate, or, if the civil action is based on a petition on which action was not taken, in a new proceeding before the court. The court may not require the Commission to take action under this subtitle other than to begin a rulemaking proceeding.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1348.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10326 49:13(6). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §13(6); added Feb. 5, 1976, Pub. L. 94–210, §304(b), 90 Stat. 52.

The section restates the source provision for clarity. In subsection (a), the word "an employee delegated to act under section 10305 of this title" are substituted for "administrative law judge" for consistency in view of section 3105 of title 5 and because the delegation under section 10305 may only be made to an administrative law judge.

§10327. Commission action and appellate procedure in rail carrier proceedings

(a) This section applies to a matter before the Interstate Commerce Commission involving a rail carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter I of chapter 105 of this title. However, other sections of this subtitle related to action of the Commission in proceedings involving rail carriers supersede this section to the extent that they are inconsistent with the provisions of this section related to deadlines.

(b) A division, individual Commissioner, employee board, or employee delegated under section 10305 of this title to make an initial decision in a matter related to one of those rail carriers shall complete all evidentiary proceedings related to the matter by the 180th day after assignment of the matter. The initial decision shall be submitted to the Commission in writing. If evidence is submitted in writing or testimony is taken at a public hearing, the initial decision shall be submitted to the Commission in writing by the 120th day after completion of all evidentiary proceedings and shall include—

(1) specific findings of fact;

(2) specific and separate conclusions of law;

(3) an order; and

(4) justification of the findings of fact, conclusions of law, and order.


(c) The Commission, or a division designated by the Commission, may void the requirement of an initial decision under subsection (b) of this section and may require the matter to be considered by the Commission or that division on finding that the matter involves a question of Commission policy, a new or novel issue of law, or an issue of general transportation importance, or that it is required for the timely execution of its functions.

(d) In a proceeding under this section, after the parties have had at least an opportunity to submit evidence in written form, the Commission shall give them an opportunity for briefs, written statements, or conferences of the parties. A conference of the parties must be chaired by a division, an individual Commissioner, an employee board, an employee delegated to act under section 10305 of this title, or an employee designated by the Commission.

(e) Copies of an initial decision under subsection (b) of this section shall be served on the interested parties. An initial decision becomes an action of the Commission on the 20th day after it is served on the interested parties, unless—

(1) an interested party files an appeal during the 20-day period, or by the end of an additional period of not more than 20 days, if authorized by the Commission or division designated by the Commission; or

(2) the Commission stays or postpones the initial decision under subsection (g)(2) or (j) of this section within the period or additional period referred to in clause (1) of this subsection.


(f)(1) Before an initial decision becomes an action of the Commission, the Commission, or a division or board designated by the Commission, may review the initial decision on its own initiative, and shall review an initial decision if an appeal is filed under subsection (e)(1) of this section. However, a board may not decide an appeal from an initial decision if the appeal may be further appealed to the Commission.

(2) An initial decision may be reviewed on the record on which it is based or by a further hearing. If an initial decision is reviewed, it shall be stayed pending final determination of the matter, and it is an action of the Commission only after the final determination is made. If an appeal is filed under subsection (e)(1) of this section, the final determination shall be made by the 180th day after the appeal is filed.

(3) Review of, or appeal from, an initial decision shall be conducted under section 557 of title 5. The Commission may prescribe rules limiting and defining the issues and pleadings on review under section 557(b) of that title.

(g)(1) The Commission may, at any time on its own initiative because of material error, new evidence, or substantially changed circumstances—

(A) reopen a proceeding;

(B) grant rehearing, reargument, or reconsideration of an action of the Commission; and

(C) change an action of the Commission.


An interested party may petition to reopen and reconsider an action of the Commission under this paragraph under regulations of the Commission.

(2) The Commission may grant a rehearing, reargument, or reconsideration of an action of the Commission that was taken by a division designated by the Commission if it finds that—

(A) the action involves a matter of general transportation importance; or

(B) the action would be affected materially because of clear and convincing new evidence or changed circumstances.


An interested party may petition for rehearing, reargument, or reconsideration of an action of the Commission under this paragraph under regulations of the Commission. The Commission may stay an action pending a final determination under this paragraph. The Commission shall complete reconsideration and take final action by the 120th day after the petition is granted.

(h) An action of the Commission under this section and an action of a designated division under subsection (c) of this section is effective on the 30th day after service on the parties to the proceeding unless the Commission provides for it to become effective on an earlier date.

(i) Notwithstanding this subtitle, an action of the Commission under this section and an action of a designated division under subsection (c) of this section is final on the date on which it is served, and a civil action to enforce, enjoin, suspend, or set aside the action may be filed after that date.

(j) The Commission may extend a time period established by this section for a period of not more than 90 days. The extension shall be granted if a majority of the Commissioners agree to it by public vote.

(k) If an extension granted under subsection (j) of this section is not sufficient to allow for completion of necessary proceedings, the Commission may grant a further extension in an extraordinary situation if—

(1) a majority of the Commissioners agree to the further extension by public vote; and

(2) not later than the 15th day before expiration of the extension granted under subsection (j) of this section, the Commission submits a written report to the Congress that a further extension has been granted. The report shall include—

(A) a full explanation of the reasons for the further extension;

(B) the anticipated duration of the further extension;

(C) the issues involved in the matter before the Commission; and

(D) the names of personnel of the Commission working on the matter.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1348; Pub. L. 96–258, §1(2), June 3, 1980, 94 Stat. 425; Pub. L. 96–296, §25(e), July 1, 1980, 94 Stat. 818; Pub. L. 97–375, title I, §113, Dec. 21, 1982, 96 Stat. 1821.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Pub. L. 95–473
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10327(a) 49:17(9)(i). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §17(9) (less (j)); added Feb. 5, 1976, Pub. L. 94–210, §303(a), 90 Stat. 48; Oct. 19, 1976, Pub. L. 94–555, §220(j), 90 Stat. 2630.
10327(b) 49:17(9)(b) (1st sentence).
10327(c) 49:17(9)(b) (2d sentence).
10327(d) 49:17(9)(a).
10327(e) 49:17(9)(b) (less 1st and 2d sentences).
10327(f) 49:17(9)(c).
10327(g)(1) 49:17(9)(g).
10327(g)(2) 49:17(9)(d) (less 1st sentence).
10327(h) 49:17(9)(d) (1st sentence).
10327(i) 49:17(9)(h).
10327(j) 49:17(9)(e).
10327(k) 49:17(9)(f).

The section restates the source provision for clarity.

In subsections (b) and (d), the words "employee delegated under section 10305 of this title" are substituted for "an administrative law judge" for consistency because the delegation under that section may be made only to an administrative law judge.

In subsection (d), the word "section" is substituted for "chapter" for consistency since 49:17(9) by its own term applies only to matters involving rail carriers. See also, Report of the Committee on Conference (S. Rep. 94–595, 94th Cong.), 162.

In subsection (g)(1), the word "change" is substituted for "reverse, change, or modify" to eliminate redundancy. The words "for leave to request reopening" are omitted as surplus.

In subsection (i), the word "section" is substituted for "paragraph" to conform the subsection to the remainder of the section. The words "in a court of the United States pursuant to the provisions of law which are applicable to suits to enforce, enjoin, suspend, or set aside orders of the Commission" are omitted as surplus in view of the jurisdictional language of chapters 157 and 158 of title 28.

Pub. L. 96–258
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10327(k)(1) 49:17(9)(f)(i). Nov. 8, 1978, Pub. L. 95–611, §5, 92 Stat. 3090.

Amendments

1982—Subsec. (j). Pub. L. 97–375 struck out direction that the Commission send a written annual report to each House of Congress about extensions granted under this subsection, and provision that the report specify each extension granted (classified by type of proceeding involved) together with the reasons for and duration of each extention.

1980—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 96–296 substituted "This" for "Notwithstanding sections 10322, 10323, and 10324(c) of this title, this".

Subsec. (k)(1). Pub. L. 96–258 substituted "a majority of the Commissioners" for "at least 7 Commissioners".

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in sections 10324, 11345 of this title.

§10328. Intervention

(a) Designated representatives of employees of a carrier may intervene and be heard in a proceeding arising under this subtitle that affects those employees.

(b)(1) Under regulations of the Interstate Commerce Commission, reasonable notice of, and an opportunity to intervene and participate in, a proceeding under this subtitle related to transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II of chapter 105 of this title shall be given to interested persons.

(2) The Commission may adopt, after a rulemaking proceeding in accordance with the provisions of section 553 of title 5, a special procedure for providing interested parties reasonable notice of applications to provide transportation as a motor or water common or contract carrier or household goods freight forwarder, or to be a broker for transportation, under sections 10922, 10923, 10924, and 10928 of this title, or applications for removal of operating restrictions under section 10922 of this title. The special procedure may consist of printing and distributing to subscribers an independent publication to provide notice of such applications, if the Commission finds, as a result of its rulemaking proceedings, that such method of providing notice would not be unduly burdensome to the public.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1350; Pub. L. 97–261, §28(b), Sept. 20, 1982, 96 Stat. 1128; Pub. L. 99–521, §5(a), Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2994.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10328(a) 49:17(12). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §17(12); added Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §12, 54 Stat. 913; Feb. 5, 1976, Pub. L. 94–210, §303(a), 90 Stat. 48.
  49:305(h). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §205(h); added Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 548; Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §20(c), 54 Stat. 922.
  49:916(a). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §316(a); added Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §201, 54 Stat. 946; Oct. 15, 1970, Pub. L. 91–452, §243(b), 84 Stat. 931.
  49:1017(a). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §417(a); added May 16, 1942, ch. 318, §1, 56 Stat. 297; Oct. 15, 1970, Pub. L. 91–452, §243(c), 84 Stat. 931.
10328(b) 49:305(e). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §205(e); added Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 550; restated June 20, 1938, ch. 811, §7, 52 Stat. 1238; Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §20(c)(2), 54 Stat. 922.

In subsection (a), the words "this chapter and chapters 8 and 12 of this title" from 49:17(12) are omitted as surplus.

Subsection (b) restates the source provision for clarity and for consistency in view of section 10342(b) of the revised title. The words "an opportunity to intervene and participate in" are substituted for "opportunity for intervention in any such proceeding for the purpose of making representations to the Commission or for participating in a hearing, if a hearing is held, shall be afforded" as being more inclusive and for clarity in view of the restatement. The word "persons" is substituted for "parties" as being more accurate.

Amendments

1986—Subsec. (b)(2). Pub. L. 99–521 inserted "household goods" before "freight forwarder".

1982—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 97–261 redesignated existing provisions as par. (1), struck out "that is, or is proposed to be, provided in a State" after "chapter 105 of this title", struck out provision that notice of a proceeding was to be given to the authority in the State having jurisdiction to regulate intrastate motor vehicle commerce therein, or if there were no such authority, to the State's chief executive officer, and added par. (2).

Effective Date of 1986 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 99–521 effective 60 days after Oct. 22, 1986, see section 15 of Pub. L. 99–521, set out as a note under section 10102 of this title.

Effective Date of 1982 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 97–261 effective on 60th day after Sept. 20, 1982, see section 31(a) of Pub. L. 97–261, set out as a note under section 10101 of this title.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in section 11344 of this title.

§10329. Service of notice in Commission proceedings

(a)(1) A common carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under subchapter I of chapter 105 of this title shall designate an agent in the District of Columbia, on whom service of notices in a proceeding before, and of actions of, the Commission may be made.

(2) A motor carrier, a broker, a water carrier, or a household goods freight forwarder providing transportation or service subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II, III, or IV of chapter 105 of this title shall designate an agent by name and post office address on whom service of notices in a proceeding before, and of actions of, the Commission may be made.

(b) A designation under subsection (a) of this section shall be in writing and filed with the Commission. A motor carrier or broker providing transportation under a certificate or permit issued under this subtitle shall also file the designation with the authority of each State in which it operates having jurisdiction to regulate transportation by motor vehicle in intrastate commerce on the highways of that State. The designation may be changed at any time in the same manner as originally made.

(c) Except as otherwise provided, notices of the Commission shall be served as follows:

(1) A notice of the Commission to a rail, express, sleeping car, or pipeline carrier is served on its designated agent at the office or usual place of residence in the District of Columbia of that agent. A notice of action of the Commission shall be served immediately on the agent or in another manner provided by law. If that carrier does not have a designated agent, service may be made by posting the notice in the office of the Secretary of the Commission.

(2) A notice to a motor carrier or broker is served personally or by mail on the motor carrier or broker or its designated agent. Service by mail on the designated agent is made at the address filed for the agent. When notice is given by mail, the date of mailing is considered to be the time when the notice is served. If a motor carrier or broker does not have a designated agent, service may be made by posting a copy of the notice in the office of the secretary or clerk of the authority having jurisdiction to regulate transportation by motor vehicle in intrastate commerce on the highways of the State in which the carrier or broker maintains headquarters and in the office of the Secretary of the Commission.

(3) A notice to a water carrier or household goods freight forwarder is served personally or by mail on the water carrier or household goods freight forwarder or its designated agent. Service by mail on the designated agent is made at the address filed for the agent. When notice is given by mail, the date of mailing is considered to be the time when notice is served. If a water carrier or household goods freight forwarder does not have a designated agent, service may be made by posting the notice in the office of the Secretary of the Commission.


(d) In a proceeding involving the lawfulness of classifications, rates, or practices of (1) a rail, express, sleeping car, or pipeline carrier that has not designated an agent under this section, or (2) a household goods freight forwarder, service of notice of the Commission on an attorney in fact who filed the tariff for the carrier constitutes service of notice on the carrier.

(e) In a proceeding involving the lawfulness of classifications, rates, or practices—

(1) service of notice of the suspension of a tariff on an attorney in fact of a carrier or broker, except a freight forwarder, constitutes service of notice on the carrier or broker if that attorney filed the tariff and, if the carrier is a water carrier, the notice specifies the classifications, rates, or practices involved; and

(2) service of notice of the suspension of a joint tariff or schedule on a carrier or a broker, except a freight forwarder, that filed that tariff or schedule to which another carrier or broker is a party and, if the carrier is a water carrier, the notice specifies the classifications, rates, or practices involved, constitutes service of notice on all carriers or brokers that are parties to the joint tariff.


Service of notice under this subsection may be made by mail on that attorney or carrier at the address shown in the tariff.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1351; Pub. L. 99–521, §5(b), Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2994.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10329(a)(1) 49:50 (related to notice less 22d and 23d and 68th–98th words and words after semicolon). June 18, 1910, ch. 309, §6, 36 Stat. 544; Oct. 22, 1913, ch. 32, §1, 38 Stat. 219.
10329(a)(2) 49:321(a) (1st sentence less "in writing"), (d) (related to notice). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §221(a) and (d) (related to notice); added Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 563; Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §25(a), 54 Stat. 928; Aug. 2, 1949, ch. 379, §14, 63 Stat. 487.
  49:915(a) (1st sentence less "in writing"). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §315(a); added Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §201, 54 Stat. 946; Aug. 9, 1949, ch. 379, §19, 63 Stat. 489.
  49:1016(a) (1st sentence less "in writing"). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §416(a); added May 16, 1942, ch. 318, §1, 56 stat. 296.
10329(b) 49:50 (related to notice 22d and 23d and 68th–98th words and less words after semicolon).

49:321(a) (1st and 2d sentences less "in writing" in 1st sentence).

49:915(a) (1st and 2d sentences less "in writing" in 1st sentence).

49:1016(a) (1st and 2d sentences less "in writing" in 1st sentence).

10329(c)(1) 49:16(5) (1st sentence). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, §16(5), 24 Stat. 384; Mar. 2, 1889, ch. 382, §5, 25 Stat. 859; June 29, 1906, ch. 3591, §5, 34 Stat. 590; restated June 18, 1910, ch. 309, §13, 36 Stat. 534; Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §425, 41 Stat. 492; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543; Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §11(b), 54 Stat. 913; Aug. 2, 1949, ch. 379, §6, 63 Stat. 486.
  49:50 (related to notice less words before semicolon).
10329(c)(2) 49:321(a) (3d, 4th, and 5th sentences).
10329(c)(3) 49:915(a) (3d, 4th, and 5th sentences).

49:1016(a) (3d, 4th, and 5th sentences).

10329(d) 49:16(5) (2d sentence less proviso).
  49:1016(a) (6th sentence).
10329(e) 49:16(5) (proviso of 2d sentence and last sentence).

49:321(a) (less 1st–5th sentences).

49:915(a) (less 1st–5th sentences).

The section restates the source provisions for clarity.

In subsection (a), the word "shall" is substituted for "It shall be the duty of" in 49:50, 321(a), 915(a), and 1016(a) for clarity. The words "city of Washington" in 49:50 are omitted as surplus.

In subsection (c)(1), the words "with like effect as if made personally upon such" in 49:50 are omitted as surplus.

In subsections (d) and (e), the word "constitutes" is substituted for "shall be deemed to be due and sufficient" in 49:16(5), 321(a), 915(a), and 1016(a). The word "rates" is substituted for "rates, fares, charges" in view of the definition of "rates" in section 10102 of the revised title. The word "tariff" is substituted for "tariff" and "schedule" in view of the definition of "tariff" in section 10102 of the revised title. The words "but such manner of service shall not be considered as excluding service in any other manner authorized by law" in 49:321(a) and 915(a) are omitted as surplus in view of the introductory language of subsection (c) and the organization of subsections (d) and (e).

Amendments

1986—Subsecs. (a)(2), (c)(3), (d). Pub. L. 99–521 inserted "household goods" before "freight forwarder" wherever appearing.

Effective Date of 1986 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 99–521 effective 60 days after Oct. 22, 1986, see section 15 of Pub. L. 99–521, set out as a note under section 10102 of this title.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in section 10927 of this title.

§10330. Service of process in court proceedings

(a) A common carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under subchapter I of chapter 105 of this title shall designate an agent in the District of Columbia on whom service of process in an action before a district court may be made. Except as otherwise provided, process in an action before a district court shall be served on the designated agent of that carrier at the office or usual place of residence in the District of Columbia of that agent. If the carrier does not have a designated agent, service may be made by posting the notice in the office of the Secretary of the Commission.

(b) A motor carrier or broker providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II of chapter 105 of this title, including a motor carrier or broker operating within the United States while providing transportation between places in a foreign country or between a place in one foreign country and a place in another foreign country, shall designate an agent in each State in which it operates by name and post office address on whom process issued by a court with subject matter jurisdiction may be served in an action brought against that carrier or broker. The designation shall be in writing and filed with the Commission and with the authority of each State in which the motor carrier or broker operates having jurisdiction to regulate transportation by motor vehicle in intrastate commerce on the highways of that State. If a designation under this subsection is not made, service may be made on any agent of the carrier or broker within that State.

(c) A designation under this section may be changed at any time in the same manner as originally made.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1352.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10330(a) 49:50 (related to process less 14 words before semicolon). June 18, 1910, ch. 309, §6 (related to process), 36 Stat. 544; Oct. 22, 1913, ch. 32, 38 Stat. 219, 220.
10330(b) 49:321(c) (less 2d sentence), (d) (related to process). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §221(c), (d) (related to process); added Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 563; restated July 22, 1954, ch. 563, §3, 68 Stat. 526.
10330(c) 49:50 (related to process 14 words before semicolon).

49:321(c) (2d sentence).

The section restates the source provisions for clarity.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in section 10927 of this title.

SUBCHAPTER III—JOINT BOARDS

Subchapter Referred to in Other Sections

This subchapter is referred to in sections 1671, 2001 of Appendix to this title.

§10341. Jurisdiction

(a) The Interstate Commerce Commission may refer a matter related to motor carriers providing, or brokers for, transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II of chapter 105 of this title, to a joint board established under section 10342 of this title for action. When the operation of a motor carrier or broker involves not more than 3 States, the Commission shall refer the following matters to a joint board for action when an opportunity for a proceeding is required or when the Commission finds that it is desirable:

(1) an application for a certificate, permit, or license.

(2) a suspension, change, or revocation of a certificate, permit, or license.

(3) an application for approval and authorization of a consolidation, merger, or acquisition of control or of an operating contract.

(4) a complaint about a violation by a motor carrier or broker of a requirement established under section 10321(a), 10525, 11101(b), or 11142(b) of this title.

(5) a complaint about rates of motor carriers or practices of brokers.


(b) Notwithstanding subsection (a) of this section, if the Commission is prevented by legal proceedings from referring a matter to a joint board, the Commission may determine the matter under subchapter II of this chapter.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1352.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10341 49:303(a)(4), 305(a) (1st and 2d sentences), (b) (2d sentence 13th–37th words). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §§203(a)(4), 205(a) (1st and 2d sentences), (b) (2d sentence 13th–37th words); added Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 548; June 29, 1938, ch. 811, §6(a), 52 Stat. 1237; Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §20(c)(2)–(5), 54 Stat. 922; July 26, 1949, ch. 361, §1, 63 Stat. 479.

The first sentence is substituted for 49:305(a) (2d sentence) and the words "and the Commission may, in its discretion, when operations of motor carriers or brokers conducted or proposed to be conducted involve more than three States" for clarity since the source provision only limits the discretionary power of the Commission when the matter involves not more than 3 States and concerns one of the enumerated items. The word "proceeding" is substituted for "hearing" for consistency in view of subchapter II of chapter 5 of title 5. The words "under subchapter II of chapter 105 of this title" are substituted for "as provided in section 17 of this title" to conform to the restatement. The words "Provided, however, That" are omitted as surplus. The words "section 10321(a), 10525, 11101(b), or 11142(b) of this title" are substituted for "section 304(a) of this title" to cite the corresponding revised sections.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in sections 10305, 10322, 10342, 10343 of this title.

§10342. Establishment

(a) The Interstate Commerce Commission may establish and abolish joint boards as necessary to carry out section 10341 of this title. Except as provided in this section, a joint board is composed of a member from each State in which transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II of chapter 105 of this title is, or is proposed to be, provided. The Commission may appoint an individual nominated under subsection (b) of this section as a member of a joint board.

(b) The member of a joint board from a State shall be nominated by the State authority having jurisdiction to regulate intrastate transportation by motor vehicle on the highways of that State. If there is no such authority in that State or if that authority does not nominate a member when requested by the Commission, the chief executive officer of the State may nominate the member. If both that State authority and the chief executive officer of that State do not nominate a member when requested, the board is constituted without a member from that State if the Commission has appointed members for at least 2 other States to the board.

(c) When a matter required to be referred to a joint board involves the operation of a motor carrier in or through a place outside the United States, if only one State is involved or if only one State nominates an individual to be a member of the joint board, that State may nominate and the Commission may appoint not more than 3 members to the board.

(d) A substitution in the membership of a joint board may be made at any time in the same manner as an initial nomination and appointment under this section.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1353.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10342(a) 49:305(a) (3d sentence less proviso), (b) (1st, 3d, 5th, and 12th sentences). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §205(a) (3d sentence less proviso), (b) (1st, 3d, 4th–6th, 10th, 12th, and last sentences); added Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 548; Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §20(c)(2)–(4), 54 Stat. 922; July 26, 1949, ch. 361, §1, 63 Stat. 479.
10342(b) 49:303(a)(2). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §203(a)(2); added Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 544.
  49:305(b) (4th and 6th sentences).
10342(c) 49:305(b) (10th sentence).
10342(d) 49:305(b) (less 1st–12th sentences).

In subsection (a) the 1st sentence is substituted for 49:305(b) (1st and 11th sentences) for clarity. The word "composed" is substituted for "consist" for consistency. The words "in which transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II of chapter 105 of this title" are substituted for "in which the motor carrier or brokerage operations involved" for consistency. The words "approved by it" are omitted as surplus.

In subsection (b), the words "State authority" are substituted for "the commission, board, or official (by whatever name designated in the laws of a State)" as being more inclusive. The words "having jurisdiction to regulate intrastate transportation by motor vehicles on the highways of that State" are substituted for "which, under the laws of any State in which any part of the service in interstate or foreign commerce regulated by this chapter is performed, has or may hereafter have jurisdiction to grant or approve certificates of public convenience and necessity or permits to motor carriers, or otherwise to regulate the business of transportation by motor vehicles, in intrastate commerce over the highways of such State" in 49:303(a)(2) for clarity and as being more inclusive. In view of that substitution, the definitions of "board" and "State board" are omitted as unnecessary. The words "does not" are substituted for "fails to make" for clarity. The words "chief executive officer of that State" are substituted for "Governor of such State" for consistency in view of the inclusion of the District of Columbia in the definition of "State" in section 10102 of the revised title. The words "if the Commission has appointed" are substituted for "if . . . shall have been nominated and approved by the Commission" as being more accurate since the Commission has the appointment power.

In subsection (c), the word "matter" is substituted for "proceeding" for consistency. The words "that State may nominate and the Commission may appoint" are substituted for "then the Commission, in such case, may receive from that State the nomination . . . and may appoint such nominees" for clarity.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in sections 10341, 10343 of this title.

§10343. Powers

(a) When conducting a proceeding involving a matter referred under section 10341 of this title, a joint board may make an initial decision under section 10322 of this title. Subchapter II of this chapter applies to an initial decision of a joint board. However, a joint board may report to the Interstate Commerce Commission its conclusions on evidence received without making an initial decision. When a joint board makes a report instead of an initial decision, the Commission shall decide the matter. The Commission may consider the conclusions of the joint board in making its decision.

(b) A joint board may make an initial decision or report of its conclusions only by a majority vote. However, if only one member of the board participates in the proceeding, that member shall make the initial decision alone.

(c) When a member of a joint board does not participate in a proceeding referred to that board, after notice of the proceeding, the State from which that member was appointed waives its right to act in that proceeding. The waiver does not affect the duty or power of remaining members of the board to continue the proceeding and make an initial decision.

(d) In addition to decisions made under subsection (a) of this section, the Commission shall decide a matter referred to a joint board when—

(1) the authority of each State from which a member of the board may be appointed waives action on a matter referred to that board;

(2) a joint board does not act, or cannot agree, on a matter referred to it in 45 days after the matter is referred to it (or in another period authorized by the Commission); or

(3) a member is nominated for only one State, except as provided in section 10342(c) of this title.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1353.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10343(a) 49:305(a) (less 1st–3d sentences). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §205(a) (less 1st–3d sentences); added Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 549; June 29, 1938, ch. 811, §6(b), 52 Stat. 1237; Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §20(c)(2)–(4), 54 Stat. 922.
10343(b) 49:305(b) (7th sentence). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §205(b) (7th–9th sentences); added Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 548; Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §20(c)(2)–(4), (d), 54 Stat. 922; restated July 26, 1949, ch. 361, §1, 63 Stat. 479.
10343(c) 49:305(b) (9th sentence).
10343(d) 49:305(b) (8th sentence).

In subsection (a), the words "may make an initial decision under section 10322 of this title. Subchapter II of this chapter applies to an initial decision of a joint board" are substituted for "shall be vested with the same rights, duties, powers, and jurisdiction as are hereinbefore vested in members or examiners of the Commission to whom a matter is referred for hearing and the recommendation of an appropriate order thereon" and for 49:305(a) (5th sentence) for consistency in view of the restatement of 49:17 as made applicable to 49: ch. 8, by 49:305(h). The word "However" is substituted for "Provided, however, That" for clarity. The words "in its discretion" are omitted as surplus. The words "if any" are omitted as surplus. The words "may consider the conclusions . . . in making its decision" are substituted for "giving such weight to such conclusions as in its judgment the evidence may justify" for clarity.

In subsection (b), the word "However" is substituted for "Provided, however, That" for clarity. The word "proceeding" is substituted for "hearing" for clarity in view of subchapter II of chapter 103 of the revised title and subchapter II of chapter 5 of title 5. The words "shall constitute a quorum" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement.

In subsection (c), the words "the State . . . waives its right to act in that proceeding" are substituted for "shall be considered to constitute, as to the matter referred, a waiver of action on the part of the State" for clarity. The words "if any" are omitted as surplus.

In subsection (d), the words "the Commission shall decide . . . when" are substituted for "then such matter shall be decided as in the case of any matter not required to be referred to a joint board" for clarity. The word "authority" is substituted for "governmental entity" for consistency.

§10344. Administration

(a) Meetings and procedures of joint boards shall be conducted under regulations of the Interstate Commerce Commission. The Commission may designate an employee appointed under section 3105 of title 5 to advise and assist a joint board.

(b) When practicable and when directed by the Commission, a proceeding involving a matter referred to a joint board shall be held at a place in the United States that is convenient to the parties to the proceeding.

(c) The members of joint boards and employees designated to advise and assist them under subsection (a) of this section may administer oaths, subpena witnesses and the production of records, and take depositions under section 10321 of this title related to matters referred to the boards.

(d) When carrying out this subtitle, members of joint boards shall receive an allowance for travel and subsistence expenses as the Commission shall provide.

(e) A member of a joint board may not have a pecuniary interest in, hold an official relation to, or own securities of, a carrier providing transportation by any mode.

(f) The Administrator of General Services shall assign space and facilities in the Interstate Commerce Commission building not required by the Commission for the use of the national organization of the State commissions and their representatives. The space and facilities shall be available for the use of joint boards and for members and representatives of those boards cooperating with the Commission or with another department, agency, or instrumentality of the United States Government. If suitable space is not available in the Interstate Commerce Commission building, the Administrator shall assign space in another building in convenient proximity to it. The Commission shall pay the rent for any space or facilities assigned under this subsection at rates determined in accordance with section 210(j) of the Federal Property and Administrative Services Act of 1949 (40 U.S.C. 490(j)).

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1354; Pub. L. 96–296, §36, July 1, 1980, 94 Stat. 826.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10344(a) 49:305(a) (3d sentence proviso), (b) (2d sentence 1st–12th words). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §205(a) (3d sentence proviso), (b) (2d sentence 1st–12th words and 11th sentence); added Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 548; Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §20(c)(2)–(5), 54 Stat. 922; July 26, 1949, ch. 361, §1, 63 Stat. 479.
10344(b) 49:305(c) (related to joint boards). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §205(c) (related to joint boards); added Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 549; Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §20(c)(2), 54 Stat. 922.
10344(c) 49:305(d) (related to joint boards). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §205(d) (related to joint boards), (f) (4th sentence), and (i) (related to joint boards); added Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 550; Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §20(c)(2), 54 Stat. 922.
10344(d) 49:305(b) (11th sentence).
10344(e) 49:305(i) (related to joint boards).
10344(f) 49:305(f) (4th sentence).

In subsection (a), the first sentence is substituted for "The Commission shall prescribe rules governing meetings and procedure of joint boards" for clarity and consistency in view of the general power of the Commission to prescribe regulations under section 10321 of the revised title.

In subsection (b), the words "by rule or order" are omitted as surplus. The word "proceeding" is substituted for "hearings" for consistency.

In subsection (c), the words after the semicolon in the source provision are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement and because of part V of title 18.

In subsection (f), the words "Administrator of General Services" are substituted for "Government authority controlling the allocation of space" as being more precise. The words "department, agency, or instrumentality" are substituted for "Federal commission or department" for consistency and as being more precise.

Amendments

1980—Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 96–296 inserted provision authorizing the Commission to pay the rent for any space or facilities assigned under this subsection at rates determined in accordance with section 490(j) of title 40.

Use of Government Transportation Requests by Members of Joint Boards

Provisions authorizing joint board members to use government transportation requests when traveling in connection with their duties as such were contained in the following appropriation acts:

Oct. 27, 1993, Pub. L. 103–122, title II, 107 Stat. 1218.

Oct. 6, 1992, Pub. L. 102–388, title II, 106 Stat. 1541.

Oct. 28, 1991, Pub. L. 102–143, title II, 105 Stat. 938.

Nov. 5, 1990, Pub. L. 101–516, title II, 104 Stat. 2177.

Nov. 21, 1989, Pub. L. 101–164, title II, 103 Stat. 1090.

Sept. 30, 1988, Pub. L. 100–457, title II, 102 Stat. 2144.

Dec. 22, 1987, Pub. L. 100–202, §101(l) [title II], 101 Stat. 1329–358, 1329-375.

Oct. 18, 1986, Pub. L. 99–500, §101(l) [H.R. 5205, title II], 100 Stat. 1783–308, and Oct. 30, 1986, Pub. L. 99–591, §101(l) [H.R. 5205, title II], 100 Stat. 3341–308.

Dec. 19, 1985, Pub. L. 99–190, §101(e) [title II], 99 Stat. 1267, 1283.

Oct. 12, 1984, Pub. L. 98–473, title I, §101(i) [title II], 98 Stat. 1944, 1959.

Aug. 15, 1983, Pub. L. 98–78, title II, 97 Stat. 468.

Dec. 18, 1982, Pub. L. 97–369, title II, 96 Stat. 1779.

Dec. 23, 1981, Pub. L. 97–102, title II, 95 Stat. 1456.

Oct. 9, 1980, Pub. L. 96–400, title II, 94 Stat. 1692.

Nov. 30, 1979, Pub. L. 96–131, title II, 93 Stat. 1034.

Aug. 4, 1978, Pub. L. 95–335, title II, 92 Stat. 446.

Aug. 2, 1977, Pub. L. 95–85, title II, 91 Stat. 413.

Aug. 14, 1976, Pub. L. 94–387, title II, 90 Stat. 1182.

Nov. 24, 1975, Pub. L. 94–134, title II, 89 Stat. 707.

Aug. 28, 1974, Pub. L. 93–391, title II, 88 Stat. 778.

Aug. 16, 1973, Pub. L. 93–98, title II, 87 Stat. 338.

Aug. 22, 1972, Pub. L. 92–398, title II, 86 Stat. 588.

Aug. 10, 1971, Pub. L. 92–74, title II, 85 Stat. 211.

Dec. 26, 1969, Pub. L. 91–168, title II, 83 Stat. 461.

Oct. 4, 1968, Pub. L. 90–550, title I, 82 Stat. 944.

Nov. 3, 1967, Pub. L. 90–121, title I, 81 Stat. 349.

Sept. 6, 1966, Pub. L. 89–555, title I, 80 Stat. 675.

Aug. 16, 1965, Pub. L. 89–128, title I, 79 Stat. 533.

Aug. 30, 1964, Pub. L. 88–507, title I, 78 Stat. 657.

Dec. 19, 1963, Pub. L. 88–215, title I, 77 Stat. 439.

Oct. 3, 1962, Pub. L. 87–741, title I, 76 Stat. 730.

Aug. 17, 1961, Pub. L. 87–141, title I, 75 Stat. 354.

July 12, 1960, Pub. L. 86–626, title I, 74 Stat. 435.

Sept. 14, 1959, Pub. L. 86–255, title I, 73 Stat. 509.

Aug. 28, 1958, Pub. L. 85–844, title I, 72 Stat. 1071.

June 29, 1957, Pub. L. 85–69, title I, 71 Stat. 233.

June 27, 1956, ch. 452, title I, 70 Stat. 346.

June 30, 1955, ch. 244, title I, 69 Stat. 207.

June 24, 1954, ch. 359, title I, 68 Stat. 284.

July 31, 1953, ch. 302, title I, 67 Stat. 308.

July 5, 1952, ch. 578, title I, 66 Stat. 404.

Aug. 31, 1951, ch. 376, title I, 65 Stat. 277.

Sept. 6, 1950, ch. 896, Ch. VIII, title I, 64 Stat. 710.

Aug. 24, 1949, ch. 506, title I, 63 Stat. 645.

Apr. 20, 1948, ch. 219, title I, 62 Stat. 187.

July 30, 1947, ch. 359, title I, 61 Stat. 598.

Mar. 28, 1946, ch. 113, title I, 60 Stat. 71.

May 3, 1945, ch. 106, title I, 59 Stat. 120.

June 27, 1944, ch. 286, title I, 58 Stat. 373.

June 26, 1943, ch. 145, title I, 57 Stat. 183.

June 27, 1942, ch. 450, 56 Stat. 413.

Apr. 5, 1941, ch. 40, 55 Stat. 114.

Apr. 18, 1940, ch. 107, 54 Stat. 133.

Mar. 16, 1939, ch. 11, 53 Stat. 534.

May 23, 1938, ch. 259, 52 Stat. 420.

June 28, 1937, ch. 396, 50 Stat. 338.

May 14, 1937, ch. 179, 50 Stat. 136.

SUBCHAPTER IV—RAIL SERVICES PLANNING OFFICE

Subchapter Referred to in Other Sections

This subchapter is referred to in section 1613 of Appendix to this title.

§10361. Organization

The Rail Services Planning Office is an office in the Interstate Commerce Commission.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1355.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10361 45:715(a) (less words after comma in 2d sentence). Jan. 2, 1974, Pub. L. 93–236, §205(a) (less words after comma in 2d sentence), 87 Stat. 993; restated Feb. 5, 1976, Pub. L. 94–210, §309, 90 Stat. 57.

In the section, the words "established as" are omitted as executed. 45:715(a) (words before the comma in second sentence) is omitted as surplus.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in title 45 section 702.

§10362. Duties

(a) In this section—

(1) "avoidable costs of providing transportation", "reasonable management fee", "reasonable return on the value", and "revenue attributable to the rail properties" have the same meanings as they have when used in section 304 of the Regional Rail Reorganization Act of 1973 (45 U.S.C. 744).

(2) "avoidable cost of providing rail freight transportation" has the same meaning as it has when used in section 10905(b)(2)(A) of this title.


(b) The Rail Services Planning Office shall—

(1) assist the Interstate Commerce Commission in studying and evaluating proposals, submitted to the Commission under subchapter III of chapter 113 of this title for a merger, consolidation, unification, or coordination project, joint use of tracks or other facilities, or acquisition or sale of assets involving a rail carrier subject to this subtitle;

(2) assist the Commission in developing, with respect to economic regulation of transportation, policies likely to result in a more competitive, energy-efficient, and coordinated transportation system using each mode of transportation to its maximum advantage to meet the transportation needs of the United States;

(3) assist States and local and regional transportation authorities in deciding whether to provide rail transportation continuation subsidies to continue in operation particular rail properties, by establishing criteria for determining whether particular rail properties are suitable for rail transportation continuation subsidies;

(4) conduct continuously an analysis of the national rail transportation needs, evaluate the policies, plans, and programs of the Commission on the basis of the analysis, and advise the Commission of the results of the evaluation;

(5) prescribe regulations that contain standards for the computation of subsidies for rail passenger transportation (except passenger transportation compensation disputes subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under sections 24308(a) and 24903(c)(2) of this title) that are consistent with the compensation principles described in the final system plan established under the Regional Rail Reorganization Act of 1973 (45 U.S.C. 701 et seq.) and that avoid cross-subsidization among commuter, intercity, and freight rail transportation;

(6) maintain, and from time to time revise and republish after a proceeding under section 553 of title 5, standards for determining the revenue attributable to the rail properties, the avoidable costs of providing transportation, a reasonable return on the value, and a reasonable management fee;

(7) maintain regulations that—

(A) develop an accounting system permitting the collection and publication by profitable rail carriers providing transportation over lines scheduled for abandonment, of information necessary for an accurate determination of the attributable revenues, avoidable costs, and operations of light density lines as operating and economic units; and

(B) determine the avoidable cost of providing rail freight transportation; and


(8) carry out other duties conferred on the Office by law.


(c) The criteria referred to in subsection (b)(3) of this section shall provide that rail properties are suitable for rail transportation continuation subsidies if the cost of the required subsidy to the taxpayers for the properties each year is less than—

(1) the cost of termination of rail transportation over the properties measured by increased fuel consumption and operational costs for alternative modes of transportation;

(2) the cost to the gross national product in terms of reduced output of goods and services;

(3) the cost of relocating or assisting, through unemployment, retraining, and welfare benefits, individuals and firms adversely affected if the rail transportation is terminated; and

(4) the cost to the environment measured by damage caused by increased pollution.


(d) The Office may at any time revise and republish the standards and regulations required by this section to incorporate changes made necessary by the accounting system developed under subsection (b)(7) of this section.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1355; Pub. L. 98–216, §2(5)–(7), Feb. 14, 1984, 98 Stat. 5; Pub. L. 99–509, title IV, §4033(c)(7), Oct. 21, 1986, 100 Stat. 1909; Pub. L. 103–272, §4(j)(13), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1368.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Pub. L. 95–473
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10362(a)(1) 645:715(d)(6). Jan. 2, 1974, Pub. L. 93–236, §205(d), (e), 87 Stat. 994; Feb. 28, 1975, Pub. L. 94–5, §3, 89 Stat. 7; restated Feb. 5, 1976, Pub. L. 94–210, §309, 90 Stat. 58.
10362(a)(2) 45:715(e)(1)(B).
10362(b) (1)–(6) 45:715(d)(1), (2), (3) (less words after 2d comma), (4)–(6).
10362(b)(7) 45:715(e) (less last sentence of par. 1).
10362(b)(8) 45:715(d) (introductory words before comma).
10362(c) 45:715(d)(3) (words after 2d comma).
10362(d) 45:715(e)(1) (last sentence), (2).

In the section, the word "transportation" is substituted for "service" and "services" for consistency in the subchapter and the revised title.

In subsection (b)(1), the words "rail carrier subject to this subtitle" are substituted for "common carrier by railroad subject to part I of such Act" to conform to the revised title.

In subsection (b)(5), the words "maintain regulations" have been substituted for the words "within 180 days after the date of enactment of the Railroad Revitalization and Regulatory Reform Act of 1976, issue additional regulations, after conducting a proceeding in accordance with the provisions of section 553 of title 5, United States Code" since the deleted words are executed.

In subsection (b)(6), the words "as those phrases are used in section 304 of this Act" are omitted since subsection (a) of the section has been inserted providing for section definitions.

In subsection (b)(7), the words "maintain regulations" are substituted for the words "Within 270 days after the date of enactment of the Railroad Revitalization and Regulatory Reform Act of 1976, the Office shall issue additional regulations, after conducting a proceeding in accordance with section 553 of title 5, United States Code" since the deleted words are executed. The words "as that phrase is used in section 1a(6)(a)(ii)(A) of the Interstate Commerce Act" are omitted since subsection (a) of the section has been inserted providing for section definitions.

45:715(d)(7) and (e)(2) are omitted as executed.

Pub. L. 103–272

Section 4(j)(13) restates 49:10362(b)(5). The effect of the restatement is to omit clause (5)(B) and make other conforming changes because of the omission. Clause (5)(B) is omitted because the clause required the Rail Services Planning Office to prescribe certain standards for carrying out 49 App.:1613. The authority under 49 App.:1613 expired on September 30, 1978.

References in Text

Section 10905(b)(2)(A) of this title, referred to in subsec. (a)(2), was amended generally by Pub. L. 96–448, title IV, §402(c), Oct. 14, 1980, 94 Stat. 1942, and provisions relating to the avoidable cost of providing rail freight transportation are contained in section 10905(d)(2)(A) of this title.

The Regional Rail Reorganization Act of 1973, referred to in subsec. (b)(5), is Pub. L. 93–236, Jan. 2, 1974, 87 Stat. 985, as amended, which is classified principally to chapter 16 (§701 et seq.) of Title 45, Railroads. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 701 of Title 45 and Tables.

Amendments

1994—Subsec. (b)(5). Pub. L. 103–272 amended par. (5) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (5) read as follows: "maintain regulations that contain—

"(A) standards for the computation of subsidies for rail passenger service (except passenger transportation compensation disputes subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under section 402(a) of the Rail Passenger Service Act (45 U.S.C. 562(a))) that are consistent with the compensation principles described in the final system plan established under the Regional Rail Reorganization Act of 1973 (87 Stat. 985), as amended, and which avoid cross-subsidization among commuter, intercity, and freight rail transportation; and

"(B) standards for determining emergency commuter rail passenger transportation operating payments under section 17 of the Federal Transit Act (49 App. U.S.C. 1613);".

1986—Subsec. (b)(7)(A). Pub. L. 99–509 struck out "by the Consolidated Rail Corporation or" after "collection and publication".

1984—Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 98–216, §2(5), substituted "section 304 of the Regional Rail Reorganization Act of 1973 (45 U.S.C. 744)" for "section 744 of title 45".

Subsec. (b)(5)(A). Pub. L. 98–216, §2(6), substituted "section 402(a) of the Rail Passenger Service Act (45 U.S.C. 562(a))" for "section 562(a) of title 45".

Subsec. (b)(5)(B). Pub. L. 98–216, §2(7), substituted "section 17 of the Urban Mass Transportation Act of 1964 (49 App. U.S.C. 1613)" for "section 1613 of this title".

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in title 45 sections 744, 1111.

§10363. Director

(a) The Director is the head of the Rail Services Planning Office and is responsible for administering and carrying out the duties of the Office.

(b) The Director is appointed for a term of 6 years by the Chairman of the Interstate Commerce Commission with the concurrence of at least 5 members of the Commission. The Director may be removed by the Commission only for cause.

(c) The Director is appointed without regard to those provisions of title 5 governing appointments in the competitive service and is paid without regard to chapter 51 and subchapter III of chapter 53 of title 5. However, the annual rate of basic pay of the Director may not exceed the maximum rate payable under section 5376 of title 5.

(d) The Director is subject to the direction of, and shall report to, a Commissioner or the Chairman, as designated by the Chairman.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1356; Pub. L. 103–272, §4(j)(14), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1369.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10363(a)– (c) 45:715(a) (words following comma in 2d sentence), (b). Jan. 2, 1974, Pub. L. 93–236, §205(a) (words following comma in 2d sentence), (b), (c) (first 2 sentences), 87 Stat. 993; restated Feb. 5, 1976, Pub. L. 94–210, §309, 90 Stat. 57.
10363(d) 45:715(c) (1st 2 sentences).

In subsection (a), the words "from the date he takes office" and "functions and" are omitted as surplus.

In subsection (c), the last sentence conforms with title 5. The word "maximum" is omitted as surplus because GS–18 only has one rate.

References in Text

The provisions of title 5 governing appointments in the competitive service, referred to in subsec. (c), are set forth in section 3301 et seq. of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.

Amendments

1994—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 103–272 substituted "maximum rate payable under section 5376 of title 5" for "rate for GS–18".

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in section 10364 of this title.

§10364. Powers

(a) With the concurrence of the Commissioner designated under section 10363(d) of this title or, if the Director of the Rail Services Planning Office and the Commissioner disagree (and that Commissioner is not the Chairman), with the concurrence of the Chairman of the Commission, the Director may enter into agreements or other transactions necessary to carry out the duties of the Office. The transactions may be entered into with any person, including a governmental authority, and without regard to section 3709 of the Revised Statutes (41 U.S.C. 5).

(b) On written request of the Director for assistance, each department, agency, and instrumentality of the United States Government shall consider the request, and may furnish assistance the Director considers necessary to carry out the duties of the Office. Assistance may be furnished on a reimbursable or nonreimbursable basis. Assistance includes the transfer of an officer or employee, with the consent, and without prejudice to the position and rating, of the officer or employee.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1356; Pub. L. 103–272, §5(m)(15), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1377.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10364 45:715(c) (less 1st 2 sentences). Jan. 2, 1974, Pub. L. 93–236, §205(c) (less first 2 sentences), 87 Stat. 993; restated Feb. 5, 1976, Pub. L. 94–210, §309, 90 Stat. 58.

In subsection (b), the words "department, agency, and instrumentality of the United States Government" are substituted for the words "department, agency, and instrumentality of the executive branch of the Federal Government and each independent regulatory agency of the United States" to eliminate redundancy and to conform to standard terms used in the restatement and in title 5.

Amendments

1994—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 103–272 substituted "section 3709 of the Revised Statutes (41 U.S.C. 5)" for "section 5 of title 41".

SUBCHAPTER V—OFFICE OF RAIL PUBLIC COUNSEL

§10381. Organization

The Office of Rail Public Counsel is an independent office affiliated with the Interstate Commerce Commission.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1357.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10381 49:26b(1). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §27(1); added Feb. 5, 1976, Pub. L. 94–210, §304(a), 90 Stat. 51.

The words "shall be established", "new", and "within 60 days after the date of enactment of this section" are omitted as executed. The second sentence of 49:26b(1) is omitted as surplus.

§10382. Duties; standing

(a) The Office of Rail Public Counsel—

(1) may petition the Interstate Commerce Commission to begin a proceeding on a matter within the jurisdiction of the Commission involving a rail carrier subject to this subtitle;

(2) may seek judicial review of Commission action on a matter involving a rail carrier providing transportation subject to this subtitle, to the extent, and on the same basis, that a person may seek judicial review;

(3) shall solicit, study, evaluate, and present before an informal or formal proceeding of the Commission, the views of those communities and users of rail transportation affected by a proceeding begun by, or pending before, the Commission, when the Director of the Office determines, for whatever reason (such as size or location), that any such community or user might not otherwise be represented adequately at the proceeding;

(4) shall—

(A) before the Commission and other departments, agencies, and instrumentalities of the United States Government when the policies and activities of any such department, agency, or instrumentality affect rail transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission, evaluate and represent the public interest in safe, efficient, reliable, and economical rail transportation; and

(B) assist in constructively representing that public interest by other means;


(5) shall present the views of users, the general public, affected communities, and, when appropriate, providers of rail transportation in proceedings of departments, agencies, and instrumentalities of the United States Government related to—

(A) the impact of energy proposals and actions on rail transportation; and

(B) whether transportation policy is consistent with the energy policies of the United States Government;


(6) in carrying out its duties under clauses (1)–(5) of this subsection, shall assist the Commission in developing a public interest record in proceedings before the Commission; and

(7) shall carry out other duties conferred on the Office by law.


(b) The Office has standing as a party to any informal or formal proceeding that is pending or begun before the Commission involving a rail carrier providing transportation subject to this subtitle.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1357; Pub. L. 96–258, §1(3), June 3, 1980, 94 Stat. 425.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Pub. L. 95–473
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10382(a) (1)–(4) 49:26b(4)(b)–(e). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §27(4); added Feb. 5, 1976, Pub. L. 94–210, §304(a), 90 Stat. 51.
10382(a)(5) 49:26b(4) (last sentence).
10382(a)(6) 49:26b(4) (introductory words preceding comma).
10382(b) 49:26b(4)(a).

The section restates the source provisions for clarity and consistency in the revised title.

Pub. L. 96–258
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10382(a) 49:26b(4)(f). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §27(4)(f); added Nov. 9, 1978, Pub. L. 95–620, §804, 92 Stat. 3348.

This amends section 10382(a) to make technical and conforming amendments needed to add the new duty to the duties of the Office of Rail Public Counsel. The words "as well as" are omitted as surplus. The word "transportation" is substituted for "services" because of the definition of transportation in section 10102 of title 49.

Amendments

1980—Subsec. (a)(5). Pub. L. 96–258, §1(3)(A), (B), added par. (5). Former par. (5) redesignated (6).

Subsec. (a)(6). Pub. L. 96–258, §1(3)(A), (C), redesignated former par. (5) as (6) and substituted "clauses (1)–(5)" for "clauses (1)–(4)". Former par. (6) redesignated (7).

Subsec. (a)(7). Pub. L. 96–258, §1(3)(A), redesignated former par. (6) as (7).

§10383. Director

(a) The Director is the head of the Office of Rail Public Counsel and is responsible for administering and carrying out the duties of the Office.

(b) The Director is appointed by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, for a term of 4 years.

(c) The Director is paid without regard to chapter 51 and subchapter III of chapter 53 of title 5. However, the annual rate of basic pay of the Director may not exceed the maximum rate payable under section 5376 of title 5.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1357; Pub. L. 103–272, §4(j)(14), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1369.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10383(a) 49:26b(2)(a) (1st sentence), (b) (2d sentence). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §27(2); added Feb. 5, 1976, Pub. L. 94–210, §304(a), 90 Stat. 51.
10383(b) 49:26b(2)(a) (2d sentence), (b) (1st sentence).
10383(c) 49:26b(2)(b) (last sentence).

In subsection (a), the words "and functions" are omitted as surplus.

In subsection (b), the words "appointed . . . without regard to the provisions of title 5, United States Code, governing appointments in the competitive service" are omitted as surplus in view of section 2102(a)(1) of title 5.

In subsection (c), the last sentence conforms with title 5. The word "maximum" is omitted as surplus because GS–18 only has one rate.

Amendments

1994—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 103–272 substituted "maximum rate payable under section 5376 of title 5" for "rate for GS–18".

§10384. Office staff

The Director of the Office of Rail Public Counsel may—

(1) appoint and fix the pay of employees of the Office; and

(2) procure under section 3109 of title 5 the temporary or intermittent services of experts and consultants.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1358.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10384 49:26b(3) (1st sentence). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §27(3) (1st sentence); added Feb. 5, 1976, Pub. L. 94–210, §304(a), 90 Stat. 51.

In clause (1), the words "assign the duties of" are omitted as surplus in view of section 10383(a) of the revised title.

§10385. Powers

(a) Without regard to section 3709 of the Revised Statutes (41 U.S.C. 5), the Director of the Office of Rail Public Counsel may enter into agreements or other transactions necessary to carry out the duties of the Office.

(b) On request of the Director for information, each department, agency, and instrumentality of the United States Government may furnish the information requested.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1358; Pub. L. 103–272, §5(m)(15), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1377.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10385 49:26b(3) (2d and 3rd sentences). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §27(3) (2d and 3rd sentences); added Feb. 5, 1976, Pub. L. 94–210, §304(a), 90 Stat. 51.

In subsection (a), the words "contracts, leases, cooperative" and "his functions and" are omitted as surplus.

In subsection (b), the words "bureau, office, or other entity of the Commission and" and "and data" are omitted as surplus.

Amendments

1994—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 103–272 substituted "section 3709 of the Revised Statutes (41 U.S.C. 5)" for "section 5 of title 41".

§10386. Reports

The Director of the Office of Rail Public Counsel shall submit each month to the Chairman of the Interstate Commerce Commission a report on the activities of the Office for the preceding month. In its annual report to Congress, the Commission shall include its evaluation and recommendations with respect to the activities, accomplishments, and shortcomings of the Office.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1358.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10386 49:26b(3) (last sentence). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §27(3) (last sentence); added Feb. 5, 1976, Pub. L. 94–210, §304(a), 90 Stat. 51.

§10387. Budget requests and estimates

The Office of Rail Public Counsel shall submit its budget requests and budget estimates concurrently to Congress and to the President.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1358.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10387 49:26b(5). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §27(5); added Feb. 5, 1976, Pub. L. 94–210, §304(a), 90 Stat. 52.

§10388. Authorizations of appropriations

There is authorized to be appropriated to the Office of Rail Public Counsel to carry out this subchapter not to exceed $1,200,000 for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1980.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1358; Pub. L. 96–73, title III, §301, Sept. 29, 1979, 93 Stat. 557.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10388 49:26b(6). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §27(6); added Feb. 5, 1976, Pub. L. 94–210, §304(a), 90 Stat. 52; Feb. 15, 1978, Pub. L. 95–231, §1, 92 Stat. 29.

The  words  "not  to  exceed  $500,000  for  the  fiscal year ending June 30, 1976, not to exceed $500,000 for the fiscal year transition period ending September 30, 1976, not to exceed $2,000,000 for the fiscal year ending September 1, 1977, and" are omitted as executed.

Amendments

1979Pub. L. 96–73 authorized appropriation of $1,200,000 for fiscal year ending Sept. 30, 1980, and struck out appropriation authorization of $1,000,000 for fiscal year ending Sept. 30, 1978.

Effective Date of 1979 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 96–73 effective Oct. 1, 1979, see section 501(a) of Pub. L. 96–73.

CHAPTER 105—JURISDICTION

SUBCHAPTER I—RAIL, RAIL-WATER, EXPRESS, AND PIPELINE CARRIER TRANSPORTATION

Sec.
10501.
General jurisdiction.
10502.
Express carrier transportation.
10503.
Railroad and water transportation connections and rates.
10504.
Exempt rail mass transportation.
10505.
Authority to exempt rail carrier and motor carrier transportation.

        

SUBCHAPTER II—MOTOR CARRIER TRANSPORTATION

10521.
General jurisdiction.
10522.
Exempt transportation between Alaska and other States.
10523.
Exempt motor vehicle transportation in terminal areas.
10524.
Transportation furthering a primary business.
10525.
Exempt motor carrier transportation entirely in one State.
10526.
Miscellaneous motor carrier transportation exemptions.
10527.
Written contracts pertaining to certain interstate movements by motor vehicle.
10528.
Mixed loads of regulated and unregulated property.
10529.
Limited authority over cooperative associations.
10530.
Certificates of registration for certain foreign carriers.
10531.
Mass transportation exemption.

        

SUBCHAPTER III—WATER CARRIER TRANSPORTATION

10541.
General jurisdiction.
10542.
Exempt bulk transportation.
10543.
Exempt incidental water transportation.
10544.
Miscellaneous water carrier transportation exemptions.

        

SUBCHAPTER IV—FREIGHT FORWARDER SERVICE

10561.
General jurisdiction.
10562.
Repealed.

        

Amendments

1994Pub. L. 103–311, title II, §205(c)(2), Aug. 26, 1994, 108 Stat. 1684, inserted "and motor carrier" after "rail carrier" in item 10505.

Pub. L. 103–272, §§3(2), 4(j)(11)(C), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1360, 1368, added item 10531 and struck out item 508 "Certification of weights and description".

1992Pub. L. 102–548, §2(e), Oct. 28, 1992, 106 Stat. 3649, added item 508.

1986Pub. L. 99–521, §6(d)(2), Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2994, substituted "Repealed" for "Exempt freight forwarder service" in item 10562.

1984Pub. L. 98–554, title II, §226(a)(2), Oct. 30, 1984, 98 Stat. 2850, added item 10530.

1980Pub. L. 96–296, §§16(b), 21(b)(2), 24(b)(2), July 1, 1980, 94 Stat. 810, 812, 816, added items 10527, 10528, and 10529.

Chapter Referred to in Other Sections

This chapter is referred to in sections 10102, 10322, 10701, 10702, 10703, 10705, 10706, 10721, 10723, 10724, 10741, 10747, 10749, 10751, 10761, 10762, 10764, 10765, 11141, 11348, 11703, 11705, 11706, 11902, 11903, 11910, 11915, 24501 of this title; title 45 section 1207.

SUBCHAPTER I—RAIL, RAIL-WATER, EXPRESS, AND PIPELINE CARRIER TRANSPORTATION

Subchapter Referred to in Other Sections

This subchapter is referred to in sections 10102, 10322, 10327, 10329, 10330, 10523, 10541, 10543, 10544, 10701, 10701a, 10703, 10704, 10705, 10705a, 10706, 10707, 10707a, 10709, 10713, 10721, 10722, 10723, 10724, 10725, 10726, 10728, 10730, 10731, 10741, 10742, 10745, 10746, 10748, 10750, 10762, 10763, 10764, 10765, 10781, 10783, 10784, 10786, 10901, 10902, 10903, 10904, 10907, 10908, 10909, 10923, 10930, 10933, 11103, 11104, 11105, 11121, 11124, 11125, 11126, 11128, 11141, 11143, 11144, 11162, 11164, 11166, 11301, 11321, 11323, 11342, 11343, 11344, 11345, 11346, 11350, 11501, 11502, 11503, 11504, 11701, 11702, 11705, 11706, 11707, 11710, 11901, 11904, 11905, 11907, 11908, 11909, 11910, 11913a, 11914, 22101, 22107, 24301, 24501 of this title; title 26 sections 168, 281, 3231, 7701; title 29 section 213; title 33 sections 1507, 1512; title 45 sections 231, 351, 661.

§10501. General jurisdiction

(a) Subject to this chapter and other law, the Interstate Commerce Commission has jurisdiction over transportation—

(1) by rail carrier, express carrier, sleeping car carrier, water common carrier, and pipeline carrier that is—

(A) only by railroad;

(B) by railroad and water, when the transportation is under common control, management, or arrangement for a continuous carriage or shipment; or

(C) by pipeline or by pipeline and railroad or water when transporting a commodity other than water, gas, or oil; and


(2) to the extent such jurisdiction is not limited by subsection (b) of this section or the extent the transportation is in the United States and is between a place in—

(A) a State and a place in another State;

(B) the District of Columbia and another place in the District of Columbia;

(C) a State and a place in a territory or possession of the United States;

(D) a territory or possession of the United States and a place in another such territory or possession;

(E) a territory or possession of the United States and another place in the same territory or possession;

(F) the United States and another place in the United States through a foreign country; or

(G) the United States and a place in a foreign country.


(b) The Commission does not have jurisdiction under subsection (a) of this section over—

(1) the transportation of passengers or property, or the receipt, delivery, storage, or handling of property, entirely in a State (other than the District of Columbia) and not transported between a place in the United States and a place in a foreign country except as otherwise provided in this subtitle; or

(2) transportation by a water common carrier when that transportation would be subject to this subchapter only because the water common carrier absorbs, out of its port-to-port water rates or out of its proportional through rates, a switching, terminal, lighterage, car rental, trackage, handling, or other charge by a rail carrier for services in the switching, drayage, lighterage, or corporate limits of a port terminal or district.


(c) This subtitle does not affect the power of a State, in exercising its police power, to require reasonable intrastate transportation by carriers providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under this subchapter unless (1) the transportation is deemed to be subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission pursuant to section 11501(b)(4)(B) of this title, or (2) the State requirement is inconsistent with an order of the Commission issued under this subtitle or is prohibited under this subtitle.

(d) The jurisdiction of the Commission and of State authorities (to the extent such authorities are authorized to administer the standards and procedures of this subtitle pursuant to this section and section 11501(b) of this title) over transportation by rail carriers, and the remedies provided in this subtitle with respect to the rates, classifications, rules, and practices of such carriers, is exclusive.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1359; Pub. L. 96–448, title II, §214(c)(3)–(5), Oct. 14, 1980, 94 Stat. 1915; Pub. L. 103–272, §4(j)(15), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1369.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10501(a) (introductory words), (1) 49:1(1)(a), (b), (2) (through 1st comma). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, §1(1), (2), 24 Stat. 379; June 29, 1906, ch. 3591, §1, 34 Stat. 584; June 18, 1910, ch. 309, §7, 36 Stat. 544, 545; restated Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §400, 41 Stat. 474; June 19, 1934, ch. 652, §602(b), 48 Stat. 1102; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543; Aug. 12, 1958, Pub. L. 85–625, §3, 72 Stat. 570; Aug. 4, 1977, Pub. L. 95–91, §306, 91 Stat. 581.
10501(a)(2) 49:1(1) (words after last comma and words following cl. (b)), (2) (words between 1st and 2d commas).
10501(b) 49:1(2) (2d comma through period).
10501(c) 49:1(17)(a) (proviso). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §1(17)(a) (proviso); added Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §402, 41 Stat. 477; Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §4(b), 54 Stat. 901.

In the introductory matter of subsection (a), before clause (1), the words "Subject to this chapter and other provisions of law" are inserted to inform the reader that other sections of the chapter and subtitle qualify the grant of jurisdiction to the Interstate Commerce Commission under the section. The words "the Interstate Commerce Commission has jurisdiction" are substituted for "The provisions of this chapter shall apply to" in 49:1(1) and (2) to eliminate surplus language and for clarity because the intent of the words is to grant the Commission jurisdiction. The words "over transportation" are substituted for the words "to common carriers engaged in" in 49:1(1) and "to such transportation of passengers and property" in 49:1(2) to eliminate redundancy and for consistency with the other general jurisdictional statements at the beginning of each of the subchapters of chapter 105 of the revised title, giving the Commission jurisdiction over transportation.

In subsection (a)(1), before clause (A), the words "rail carrier, express carrier, sleeping car carrier, water common carrier, and pipeline carrier" are substituted for "common carriers" for clarity and because a definition of "common carrier" has been adopted for the subtitle that is broader and includes common carriers other than those to which 49:1(1) and (2) apply.

In subsection (a)(1)(A), the word "only" is substituted for "wholly" for clarity.

In subsection (a)(1)(B), the word "partly" is omitted as surplus.

In subsection (a)(1)(C), the words "natural or artificial" in 49:1(1)(b), before "gas" are omitted as surplus. The word "or" is substituted for "and" in the phrase "except water and . . . gas" in 49:1(1)(b), for clarification because the exemption does not require the pipeline transportation of both water and gas before the exception applies. The exclusion of pipeline transportation of oil from the jurisdiction of the Commission is inserted in view of section 306 of the Department of Energy Organization Act (Pub. L. 95–91), transferring the functions of the Commission related to transporting oil by pipeline to the Department of Energy. The conferees of the 2 Houses explain in their joint statement that the transfer is intended to include "pipeline transportation of crude and refined petroleum and petroleum byproducts, derivatives or petrochemicals." See House Report 95–539, page 69.

In subsection (a)(2)(A), the words "District of Columbia" are omitted in view of the definition of "State" in section 10102 of the revised title.

In subsection (b)(1), the words "a State (other than the District of Columbia)" are inserted to exclude the District of Columbia from the jurisdictional exemption in view of 49:1(2) that does not now exempt the District of Columbia but would become exempt, but for the exclusion, as the result of the definition of "State" adopted for the revised title. The words "except as otherwise provided in this subtitle" are inserted for clarity.

In subsection (b)(2), the words "passengers or property" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the definition of "transportation" that applies to the subtitle.

In subsection (c), the words "does not affect" are substituted for "nothing . . . shall impair or affect" for clarity and to eliminate redundancy. The word "power" is substituted for "right" for clarity and consistency. The words "freight and passenger service" are omitted as surplus. The word "unless" is substituted for "except insofar" and "except" for clarity. The word "lawful" is omitted as surplus. The words "just and" are omitted for consistency with other provisions of the revised title. See the revision note to section 10101 of the revised title.

Amendments

1994—Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 103–272 substituted "subtitle" for "title" in two places.

1980—Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 96–448, §214(c)(3), inserted "such jurisdiction is not limited by subsection (b) of this section or the extent".

Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 96–448, §214(c)(4), inserted "(1) the transportation is deemed to be subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission pursuant to section 11501(b)(4)(B) of this title, or (2)".

Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 96–448, §214(c)(5), added subsec. (d).

Effective Date of 1980 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 96–448 effective Oct. 1, 1980, see section 710(a) of Pub. L. 96–448, set out as a note under section 10101 of this title.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in section 11126 of this title.

§10502. Express carrier transportation

The Interstate Commerce Commission has jurisdiction under this subchapter, and not under subchapter II or III of this chapter, over transportation of an express carrier—

(1) by motor vehicle, to the extent the transportation was subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission on September 18, 1940, under part I of the Interstate Commerce Act (24 Stat. 379), as amended; and

(2) by water in providing express transportation.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1360.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10502(1) 49:303(a)(14) (words after 2d comma). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §203(a)(14) (words after 2d comma); added Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 544; restated Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §18(a), 54 Stat. 920.
10502(2) 49:902(d) (words after 1st comma). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §302(d) (words after 1st comma); added Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §201, 54 Stat. 930.

The section restates the source provisions for clarity and as a result of the codification of the jurisdictional provisions in chapter 105 of the revised title.

In clause (2), the word "transportation" is substituted for "business" for consistency and because the Interstate Commerce Commission has jurisdiction over transportation.

References in Text

Part I of the Interstate Commerce Act, referred to in par. (1), is act Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, as amended, which was classified to chapter 1 (§1 et seq.) of former Title 49, Transportation, was repealed by Pub. L. 95–473, §4(b), Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1467, and is covered by this subchapter.

§10503. Railroad and water transportation connections and rates

(a) When a rail carrier and a water common carrier may or do provide jointly, transportation, not entirely in one State from a place in the United States to another place in the United States, even if part of the transportation is outside the United States, the Interstate Commerce Commission has the following jurisdiction over that transportation:

(1) To establish a physical connection between the railroad lines of the rail carrier and the dock at which an interchange is to be made, the Commission may—

(A) require the rail carrier to make a suitable connection between its lines and tracks that have been constructed from the dock to the limits of the railroad right-of-way;

(B) subject to the same restrictions on findings of public convenience and necessity and other matters that are imposed on construction under sections 10901, 10902, and 10907 of this title, require the rail carrier or water common carrier, or both, to construct to the dock at least one track connecting with the lines of the rail carrier;

(C) determine and prescribe the conditions under which a connecting track is to be operated; and

(D) in the construction or operation of the track, determine the sum to be paid to, or by, either carrier.


(2) The Commission may—

(A) prescribe proportional rates, maximum proportional rates, minimum proportional rates, or maximum and minimum proportional rates, of a rail carrier to and from the ports to which the passengers or property is transported by the water common carrier; and

(B) determine the passengers, property, vessels, and on which conditions those rates apply.


In this paragraph, "proportional rates" means those rates that differ from the corresponding local rates to and from a port and apply only to passengers or property brought to the port or carried from the port by a water common carrier.


(b) The Commission may act under this section only after a full hearing. An order entered as the result of an action may be conditioned on giving security for the payment of an amount of money or the discharge of an obligation that is required to be paid or discharged under that order.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1360.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10503(a) 49:6(11). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §6(11); added Aug. 24, 1912, ch. 390, §11 (5th par.), 37 Stat. 568; Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §§409, 412, 413, 41 Stat. 483; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543; Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §8(c), 54 Stat. 910.
10503(b) 49:51 (related to 49:6(11)). Aug. 24, 1912, ch. 390, §17 (last par. related to §6), 31 Stat. 568.

In the introductory matter of subsection (a), before paragraph (1), the words "passengers or property" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the definition of transportation that includes passengers and property. The words "the limits of" are omitted as surplus. The words "rail carrier and a water common carrier" are substituted for "by rail and water . . . by a common carrier or carriers" to eliminate redundancy and for consistency with 49:1 (1) and (2) that have used the terms "rail carrier" and "water carrier" (meaning "water common carrier") since the enactment of the original provision in 1912. The word "jointly" is inserted for clarity. The words "even if part of the transportation is outside the United States" is substituted for "through the Panama Canal or otherwise" as being more precise. See United States v. New York Central R.R., 272 U.S. 457, 1926; Penn. R.R. Co. v. United States, 55 F. Supp. 473, 484, D.C.N.J., 1943, reversed in part on other grounds, 323 U.S. 612, 1945. The words "in the following particulars, in addition to the jurisdiction given by this chapter" are omitted as surplus. The words "and of the carriers" are omitted as surplus and for consistency with other jurisdictional statements of chapter 105 of the revised title.

In subsection (a)(2), the words "passengers or property" are substituted for "traffic" for consistency with the definition of transportation.

In subsection (a)(2)(A), the word "transported" is substituted for "brought, or from which the passengers or property is taken" for simplicity.

In subsection (b), the word "complaint" is omitted as unnecessary. The words "upon formal complaint or in proceedings instituted by the Commission of its own motion" are omitted as surplus.

§10504. Exempt rail mass transportation

(a) In this section—

(1) "local governmental authority"—

(A) has the same meaning given that term by section 5302(a) of this title; and

(B) includes a person or entity that contracts with the local governmental authority to provide transportation services.


(2) "mass transportation" means transportation services described in section 5302(a) of this title that are provided by rail.


(b) The Interstate Commerce Commission does not have jurisdiction under this subtitle over mass transportation provided by a local governmental authority if—

(1) the Commission would have jurisdiction but for this section; and

(2) the fares of the local governmental authority, or its authority to apply to the Commission for changes in those fares, is subject to the approval or disapproval of the chief executive officer of the State in which the transportation is provided.


(c) Notwithstanding subsection (b) of this section, a local governmental authority, described in subsection (b), is subject to applicable laws of the United States related to—

(1) safety;

(2) the representation of employees for collective bargaining; and

(3) employment retirement, annuity, and unemployment systems or other provisions related to dealings between employees and employers.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1360; Pub. L. 97–449, §4(b)(4), Jan. 12, 1983, 96 Stat. 2441; Pub. L. 103–272, §4(j)(16), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1369.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Pub. L. 95–473
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10504(a) 45:744(j)(2). Jan. 2, 1974, Pub. L. 93–236, 87 Stat. 1008, §304(j); added Feb. 5, 1976, Pub. L. 94–210, §804, 90 Stat. 139; Oct. 19, 1976, Pub. L. 94–555, §206, 90 Stat. 2621.
10504(b) 45:744(j)(1).

In subsection (a)(2), the defined term "rail mass transportation" is substituted for "mass transportation services" as being more precise and for consistency with the terms of the subtitle.

In the introductory matter of subsection (b), before clause (1), the words "The Interstate Commerce Commission does not have jurisdiction under this subtitle over" are substituted for "no local public body . . . shall, . . . be subject to the Interstate Commerce Act" for clarity and to conform to the terms used in chapter 105 of the revised title.

In subsection (b)(2), the word "interstate" is omitted as unnecessary. The words "chief executive officer" are substituted for "Governor" as more appropriate in view of the definition of "State" that includes the District of Columbia.

The words "except as provided in subparagraph (B) of this paragraph" and subparagraph (B) are omitted as unnecessary because the Commission does not have jurisdiction over safety, collective bargaining, and employee benefit matters, and those matters are covered by other provisions of title 49 related to the Secretary of Transportation.

Pub. L. 97–449

Clause (4) restates section 304(j)(1)(B) of the Regional Rail Reorganization Act of 1973, that was added by section 804 of the Railroad Revitalization and Regulatory Reform Act of 1976 (Pub. L. 94–210, 90 Stat. 139). Section 304(j)(1)(B) was mistakenly omitted from the restatement of subtitle IV of title 49, Interstate Commerce. Clause (4) restates section 304(j)(1)(B) as section 10504(c) of title 49. The subsection is effective on the date of enactment of the Act of October 17, 1978.

Pub. L. 103–272

Section 4(j)(16) amends 49:10504 by substituting "local public authority" and "mass transportation" for "local public body" and "rail mass transportation", respectively, for consistency in the revised title, and by correcting and making conforming cross-reference amendments.

Amendments

1994—Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 103–272, §4(j)(16)(A), substituted "local governmental authority" for "local public body".

Subsec. (a)(1)(A). Pub. L. 103–272, §4(j)(16)(C), substituted "section 5302(a)" for "section 1608(c)(2)".

Subsec. (a)(1)(B). Pub. L. 103–272, §4(j)(16)(A), substituted "local governmental authority" for "local public body".

Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 103–272, §4(j)(16)(B), (D), substituted "mass transportation" for "rail mass transportation" and "section 5302(a)" for "section 1608(c)(5)".

Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 103–272, §4(j)(16)(A), (B), in introductory provisions substituted "mass transportation" for "rail mass transportation" and "local governmental authority" for "local public body".

Subsecs. (b)(2), (c). Pub. L. 103–272, §4(j)(16)(A), substituted "local governmental authority" for "local public body".

1983—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 97–449 added subsec. (c), effective Oct. 17, 1978.

§10505. Authority to exempt rail carrier and motor carrier transportation

(a) In a matter related to a rail carrier providing transportation, or a motor carrier providing transportation of property other than household goods, or in non-contiguous domestic trade, subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under this subchapter, the Commission shall exempt a person, class of persons, or a transaction or service when the Commission finds that the application of a provision of this subtitle—

(1) is not necessary to carry out the transportation policy of section 10101 or section 10101a of this title; and

(2) either (A) the transaction or service is of limited scope, or (B) the application of a provision of this subtitle is not needed to protect shippers from the abuse of market power.


(b) The Commission may, where appropriate, begin a proceeding under this section on its own initiative or on application by the Secretary of Transportation or an interested party.

(c) The Commission may specify the period of time during which an exemption granted under this section is effective.

(d) The Commission may revoke an exemption, to the extent it specifies, when it finds that application of a provision of this subtitle to the person, class, or transportation is necessary to carry out the transportation policy of section 10101 or section 10101a of this title.

(e) No exemption order issued pursuant to this section shall operate to relieve any rail carrier from an obligation to provide contractual terms for liability and claims which are consistent with the provisions of section 11707 of this title. Nothing in this subsection or section 11707 of this title shall prevent rail carriers from offering alternative terms nor give the Commission the authority to require any specific level of rates or services based upon the provisions of section 11707 of this title.

(f) The Commission may exercise its authority under this section to exempt transportation that is provided by a rail carrier, or a motor carrier providing transportation of property other than household goods, or in non-contiguous domestic trade, as a part of a continuous intermodal movement.

(g) The Commission may not exercise its authority under this section (1) to authorize intermodal ownership that is otherwise prohibited by this title, (2) to relieve a carrier of its obligation to protect the interests of employees as required by this subtitle, (3) to relieve a motor carrier of property or other person from the application or enforcement of the provisions of sections 10706, 10761, 10762, 10927, and 11707 of this title, or (4) to exempt a motor carrier of property from the application of, and compliance with, any law, rule, regulation, standard, or order pertaining to cargo loss and damage; insurance; antitrust immunity for joint line rates and routes, classification of commodities (including uniform packaging rules), uniform bills of lading, or standardized mileage guides; or safety fitness..1

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1361; Pub. L. 96–448, title II, §213, Oct. 14, 1980, 94 Stat. 1912; Pub. L. 103–311, title II, §205(a), (c)(1), Aug. 26, 1994, 108 Stat. 1683, 1684.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10505 49:12(1)(b). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §12(1)(b); added Feb. 5, 1976, Pub. L. 94–210, §207, 90 Stat. 42.

In subsection (a), the words "by order" and "in such order" are omitted as surplus. The word "unreasonable" is substituted for "undue" for consistency. See the revision note for section 10101 of the revised title.

In subsection (b), the words "Secretary of Transportation" are substituted for "Secretary" for clarity.

In subsection (d), the words "after notice" are omitted as unnecessary in view of subchapter II of chapter 5 of title 5.

Amendments

1994Pub. L. 103–311, §205(c)(1), inserted "and motor carrier" after "rail carrier" in section catchline.

Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 103–311, §205(a)(1), inserted ", or a motor carrier providing transportation of property other than household goods, or in non-contiguous domestic trade," after "rail carrier providing transportation" in introductory provisions.

Subsecs. (a)(1), (d). Pub. L. 103–311, §205(a)(2), inserted "section 10101 or" before "section 10101a".

Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 103–311, §205(a)(3), inserted ", or a motor carrier providing transportation of property other than household goods, or in non-contiguous domestic trade," after "rail carrier".

Subsec. (g)(3), (4). Pub. L. 103–311, §205(a)(4), added cls. (3) and (4).

1980—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 96–448 substituted provision authorizing the Commission to grant an exemption when the Commission finds that application of a provision of this subtitle is not necessary to carry out the transportation policy of section 10101a of this title or is not needed to protect shippers from abuse of market power for provision authorizing the Commission to grant an exemption when the Commission finds that application of a provision of this subtitle is not necessary to carry out the transportation policy of section 10101 of this title, would be an unreasonable burden on a person, class of persons, or interstate or foreign commerce, and would serve little or no useful public purpose.

Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 96–448 struck out provision authorizing the Commission to specify the period of time during which the exemption is effective. See subsec. (c) of this section.

Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 96–448 substituted provision authorizing the Commission to specify the period during which the exemption is effective for provision authorizing the Commission to revoke an exemption, to the extent it specifies, when it finds that application of a provision of this subtitle to the person, class, or transportation is necessary to carry out the transportation policy of section 10101 of this title, to achieve effective regulation by the Commission, and to serve a useful public purpose.

Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 96–448 substituted provision authorizing the Commission to revoke an exemption, to the extent it specifies, when it finds that application to a provision of this subtitle to the person, class, or transportation is necessary to carry out the transportation policy of section 10101a of this title for provision authorizing the Commission to act under this section only after an opportunity for a proceeding.

Subsecs. (e) to (g). Pub. L. 96–448 added subsecs. (e) to (g).

Effective Date of 1980 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 96–448 effective Oct. 1, 1980, see section 710(a) of Pub. L. 96–448, set out as a note under section 10101 of this title.

1 So in original.

SUBCHAPTER II—MOTOR CARRIER TRANSPORTATION

Subchapter Referred to in Other Sections

This subchapter is referred to in sections 10102, 10328, 10329, 10330, 10341, 10342, 10502, 10543, 10544, 10701, 10702, 10703, 10704, 10705, 10706, 10721, 10722, 10723, 10724, 10725, 10730, 10733, 10735, 10741, 10762, 10766, 10767, 10921, 10922, 10923, 10924, 10927, 10930, 10931, 10932, 10933, 10934, 10935, 11101, 11106, 11107, 11109, 11110, 11111, 11142, 11143, 11323, 11342, 11343, 11344, 11345a, 11501, 11502, 11503a, 11504, 11702, 11705, 11706, 11707, 11711, 11712, 11901, 11904, 11905, 11908, 11909, 11910, 11914, 11917, 30103, 30166, 31503, 32706 of this title; title 15 section 5904.

§10521. General jurisdiction

(a) Subject to this chapter and other law, the Interstate Commerce Commission has jurisdiction over transportation by motor carrier and the procurement of that transportation, except by a freight forwarder (other than a household goods freight forwarder), to the extent that passengers, property, or both, are transported by motor carrier—

(1) between a place in—

(A) a State and a place in another State;

(B) a State and another place in the same State through another State;

(C) the United States and a place in a territory or possession of the United States to the extent the transportation is in the United States;

(D) the United States and another place in the United States through a foreign country to the extent the transportation is in the United States; or

(E) the United States and a place in a foreign country to the extent the transportation is in the United States; and


(2) in a reservation under the exclusive jurisdiction of the United States or on a public highway.


(b) This subtitle does not—

(1) except as provided in sections 10922(c)(2),1 10935, 10936, 11501(e), and 11501(h) of this title, affect the power of a State to regulate intrastate transportation provided by a motor carrier;

(2) except as provided in sections 10922(c)(2) 1 and 11501(e), authorize the Commission to prescribe or regulate a rate for intrastate transportation provided by a motor carrier;

(3) except as provided in section 10922(c)(2) 1 of this title, allow a motor carrier to provide intrastate transportation on the highways of a State; or

(4) except as provided in section 11503a and section 11504(b) of this title, affect the taxation power of a State over a motor carrier.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1361; Pub. L. 96–296, §31(b), July 1, 1980, 94 Stat. 824; Pub. L. 97–261, §6(f), Sept. 20, 1982, 96 Stat. 1107; Pub. L. 99–521, §6(a), Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2994; Pub. L. 103–305, title VI, §601(b)(2)(C), Aug. 23, 1994, 108 Stat. 1606; Pub. L. 103–311, title II, §211(b)(1), Aug. 26, 1994, 108 Stat. 1689.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10521(a) (words before cl. (1)) 49:302(a), 303(a)(10) (20 words before proviso), (11) (1st sentence, words between 1st comma and comma before cl. (A)). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §§202(a), 203(a)(10) (less proviso), (11) (less last sentence), (c) (words between 6th and 7th commas); added Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543, 544; Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §17(a), 54 Stat. 920; Sept. 1, 1950, ch. 835, §1(b), 64 Stat. 574; July 22, 1954, ch. 563, §1, 68 Stat. 526; Aug. 22, 1957, Pub. L. 85–163, §1(2), 71 Stat. 411.
10521(a)(1) (A), (B) 49:303(a)(10) (through 1st comma).
10521(a)(1) (C)–(E) 49:303(a)(11) (1st sentence, less words between 1st comma and comma before cl. (A)).
10521(a)(2) 49:303(c) (words between 6th and 7th commas).
10521(b) 49:302(b)(1). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §202(b)(1); added Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543; Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §17, 54 Stat. 920; Sept. 6, 1965, Pub. L. 89–170, §2, 79 Stat. 648; Dec. 23, 1970, Pub. L. 91–569, §2(a), 84 Stat. 1500.
  49:316(e) (proviso). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §216(e) (proviso); added Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 558.

In the introductory matter of subsection (a), before clause (1), the words "Subject to this chapter and other provisions of law" are inserted to inform the reader that other sections of the chapter and subtitle qualify the grant of jurisdiction to the Interstate Commerce Commission under the section. The words "the Interstate Commerce Commission has jurisdiction over" are substituted for "The provisions of this chapter apply to" and "the regulation of such transportation, . . . is vested in the Interstate Commerce Commission" for clarity and to eliminate redundancy. The words "and providing facilities for" are omitted as being included in the definition of "transportation" applicable to the subtitle. The words "to the extent that passengers, property, or both, are transported by motor carrier" are substituted for "whether such commerce moves wholly by motor vehicle or partly by motor vehicle and partly by rail, express, or water" to eliminate surplus words and because of the Commission's jurisdiction over transportation by motor carrier, and the term "motor vehicle" is a defined term incorporated into the definition of "motor carrier".

In subsection (b), the words "This subtitle does not . . . authorize the Commission" are substituted for "That nothing in this chapter shall empower the Commission" in 49:316(e) for consistency and because of the restatement of the source provisions. The word "exclusive" is omitted as unnecessary. The words "intrastate transportation" are substituted for "intrastate commerce" for consistency. The words "for any service connected therewith" are omitted as surplus because the eliminated words are included in the word "transportation". The word "rate" is substituted for "rate, fare, or charge" because of the definition of "rate" in section 10102 of the revised title. The words "for the purpose of removing discrimination against interstate commerce or for any other purpose" are omitted as unnecessary because of the restatement of the source provisions. The words "to provide intrastate transportation" are substituted for "to do intrastate business" for clarity and consistency. The words "over a motor carrier" are inserted for clarity.

References in Text

Section 10922(c)(2) of this title, referred to in subsec. (b)(1) to (3), was redesignated section 10922(d)(2) of this title by Pub. L. 103–311, title II, §207(a)(1), Aug. 26, 1994, 108 Stat. 1686.

Amendments

1994—Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 103–311 inserted "10936," after "10935,".

Pub. L. 103–305 substituted "11501(e), and 11501(h)" for "and 11501(e)".

1986—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 99–521 inserted ", except by a freight forwarder (other than a household goods freight forwarder)," after second reference to "transportation".

1982—Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 97–261, §6(f)(1), inserted "except as provided in sections 10922(c)(2), 10935, and 11501(e) of this title," before "affect".

Subsec. (b)(2). Pub. L. 97–261, §6(f)(2), inserted "except as provided in sections 10922(c)(2) and 11501(e)," before "authorize".

Subsec. (b)(3). Pub. L. 97–261, §6(f)(3), inserted "except as provided in section 10922(c)(2) of this title," before "allow".

1980—Subsec. (b)(4). Pub. L. 96–296 inserted "section 11503a and" after "as provided in".

Effective Date of 1994 Amendment

Section 601(d) of Pub. L. 103–305 provided that: "This section [amending this section and sections 11501, 40102, and 41713 of this title and enacting provisions set out as a note under section 11501 of this title] and the amendments made by this section shall take effect on January 1, 1995; except that with respect to the State of Hawaii the amendment made by subsection (c) [amending section 11501 of this title] shall take effect on the last day of the 3-year period beginning on the date of the enactment of this Act [Aug. 23, 1994]."

Effective Date of 1986 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 99–521 effective 60 days after Oct. 22, 1986, see section 15 of Pub. L. 99–521, set out as a note under section 10102 of this title.

Effective Date of 1982 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 97–261 effective on 60th day after Sept. 20, 1982, see section 31(a) of Pub. L. 97–261, set out as a note under section 10101 of this title.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in sections 10101, 10522, 10530, 11506, 31501, 31502 of this title.

1 See References in Text note below.

§10522. Exempt transportation between Alaska and other States

To the extent that transportation by a motor carrier between a place in Alaska and a place in another State under section 10521 of this title is provided in a foreign country—

(1) the Interstate Commerce Commission does not have jurisdiction to impose a requirement over conduct of the motor carrier in the foreign country conflicting with a requirement of that country; but

(2) the motor carrier, as a condition of providing transportation in the United States, shall comply, with respect to all transportation provided between Alaska and the other State, with the requirements of this subtitle related to rates and practices applicable to the transportation.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1362.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10522 49:303(a)(10) (proviso). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §203(a)(10) (proviso); added July 12, 1960, Pub. L. 86–615, §3, 74 Stat. 384.

In the introductory matter of the section, before clause (1), the words "under section 10521 of this title" are substituted for "in 'interstate commerce' " in view of the incorporation of the definition of "interstate commerce" in section 10521 of the revised title.

In clause (1), the words "the Interstate Commerce Commission does not have jurisdiction" are substituted for "the application of this chapter does not include" for clarity and to conform to the terms used in chapter 105 of the revised title.

In clause (2), the words "providing transportation" and "all transportation" are substituted for "operating" and "entire service", respectively, for consistency and because 49:303(a)(19) defines "transportation" and "services" as synonymous terms and includes all phases of a carrier's operations. The words "fares, and charges" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the definition of "rates".

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in section 31502 of this title.

§10523. Exempt motor vehicle transportation in terminal areas

(a)(1) The Interstate Commerce Commission does not have jurisdiction under this subchapter over transportation by motor vehicle provided in a terminal area when the transportation—

(A) is a transfer, collection, or delivery;

(B) is provided by—

(i) a rail carrier subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter I of this chapter;

(ii) a water carrier subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter III of this chapter; or

(iii) a household goods freight forwarder subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter IV of this chapter; and


(C) is incidental to transportation provided by the carrier or service provided by the household goods freight forwarder that is subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under any of those subchapters.


(2) Transportation exempt from the jurisdiction of the Commission under paragraph (1) of this subsection is subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter I of this chapter when provided by such a rail carrier, under subchapter III of this chapter when provided by such a water carrier, and under subchapter IV of this chapter when provided by such a household goods freight forwarder.

(b)(1) Except to the extent provided in paragraph (2) of this subsection, the Commission does not have jurisdiction under this subchapter over transportation by motor vehicle provided in a terminal area when the transportation—

(A) is a transfer, collection, or delivery; and

(B) is provided by a person as an agent or under other arrangement for—

(i) a rail carrier or express carrier subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter I of this chapter;

(ii) a motor carrier subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under this subchapter;

(iii) a water carrier subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter III of this chapter; or

(iv) a household goods freight forwarder subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter IV of this chapter.


(2) Transportation exempt from the jurisdiction of the Commission under paragraph (1) of this subsection is considered transportation provided by the carrier or service provided by the household goods freight forwarder for whom the transportation was provided and is subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter I of this chapter when provided for such a rail carrier or express carrier, under this subchapter when provided for such a motor carrier, under subchapter III of this chapter when provided for such a water carrier, and under subchapter IV of this chapter when provided for such a household goods freight forwarder.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1362; Pub. L. 99–521, §6(b), Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2994.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10523(a) 49:302(c) (words before cl. (1)), (1). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §202(c); added Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §17(b), 54 Stat. 920; restated May 16, 1942, ch. 318, §2, 56 Stat. 300.
10523(b) 49:302(c) (words before cl. (1)), (2).

The words "Notwithstanding any provision of this section or of section 303 of this title" in 49:302(c) are omitted as surplus because section 10521 of the revised title codifies the pertinent provisions of 49:302 and 303 or incorporates the terms of 49:303 related to the jurisdiction of the Commission, and section 10521 begins with the words "Subject to". The words "except the provisions of section 304 of this title relative to qualifications and maximum hours of service of employees and safety of operation and equipment" are omitted because, under section 6(e)(6)(C) of Public Law 89–670, those provisions were transferred to the Secretary of Transportation.

In the introductory matter of subsections (a) and (b), before each clause (1), the words "does not have jurisdiction under this subchapter" are substituted for "the provisions of this chapter . . . shall not apply" for clarity and to conform to the terms used in chapter 105 of the revised title.

In subsections (a)(2) and (b)(2), the words "is subject to" are substituted for "shall be considered to be and shall be regulated as transportation subject to" for clarity and to conform to the revised title.

In subsection (b), the words "a person as an agent or under other arrangement for" are substituted for "any person (whether as agent or under a contractual arrangement)" for clarity.

Amendments

1986—Subsecs. (a)(1)(B)(iii), (C), (2), (b)(1)(B)(iv), (2). Pub. L. 99–521 inserted "household goods" before "freight forwarder" wherever appearing.

Effective Date of 1986 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 99–521 effective 60 days after Oct. 22, 1986, see section 15 of Pub. L. 99–521, set out as a note under section 10102 of this title.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in sections 10525, 10930 of this title.

§10524. Transportation furthering a primary business

(a) The Interstate Commerce Commission does not have jurisdiction under this subchapter over the transportation of property by motor vehicle when—

(1) the property is transported by a person engaged in a business other than transportation; and

(2) the transportation is within the scope of, and furthers a primary business (other than transportation) of the person.


(b) The Commission does not have jurisdiction under this subchapter over transportation of property by motor vehicle for compensation provided by a person who is a member of a corporate family for other members of such corporate family if—

(1) the parent corporation notifies the Commission of its intent or one of its subsidiaries' intent to provide the transportation;

(2) the notice contains a list of participating subsidiaries and an affidavit that the parent corporation owns directly or indirectly a 100 percent interest in each of the subsidiaries;

(3) the Commission publishes the notice in the Federal Register within 30 days of receipt; and

(4) a copy of the notice is carried in the cab of all vehicles conducting the transportation.


(c) In this section, "corporate family" means a group of corporations consisting of a parent corporation and all subsidiaries in which the parent corporation owns directly or indirectly a 100 percent interest.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1363; Pub. L. 96–296, §9, July 1, 1980, 94 Stat. 798.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10524 49:303(c) (less words before "nor"). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §203(c) (less words before "nor"); added Aug. 12, 1958, Pub. L. 85–626, §8, 72 Stat. 574.

The section restates the source provisions for clarity and for consistency with the rest of chapter 105 of the revised title. The words "interstate or foreign commerce" are omitted as unnecessary in view of section 10521 of the revised title that gives the Interstate Commerce Commission jurisdiction only in the instances of commerce enumerated in section 10521.

Amendments

1980Pub. L. 96–296 designated existing provision as subsec. (a) and added subsecs. (b) and (c).

§10525. Exempt motor carrier transportation entirely in one State

(a) The Interstate Commerce Commission shall exempt transportation of a motor carrier subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under this subchapter from compliance with this subtitle when—

(1) the motor carrier provides transportation entirely in one State; and

(2) the Commission finds that the nature or quantity of transportation provided by the motor carrier does not substantially affect or impair uniform regulation by the Commission of motor carrier transportation in carrying out the transportation policy of section 10101 of this title.


(b) The Commission may begin a proceeding under this section on its own initiative or on application of a motor carrier, a State authority having jurisdiction to regulate intrastate transportation by motor vehicle on the highways of that State, or an interested party. An application must be under oath and must contain information required by Commission regulation. The Commission may exempt the transportation by motor carrier or class of motor carriers. When an exemption is granted, the Commission shall issue a certificate of exemption describing the conditions required by the public interest under which the certificate is issued.

(c) When an application for exemption is accompanied by a certificate of the authority of the State in which the applicant provides transportation stating the finding of the State authority that the applicant is entitled to a certificate of exemption under this section, the exemption is effective on the 60th day after the application is filed with the Commission unless the Commission denies the application before that date. If not denied before that date, the exemption remains effective until the Commission thereafter denies or revokes it.

(d) The Commission may revoke any part of an exemption granted under this section when it finds that the nature or quantity of the transportation by the motor carrier or class of motor carriers affects or impairs, or is likely substantially to affect or impair uniform regulation by the Commission of motor carrier transportation in carrying out the transportation policy of section 10101 of this title. If the exemption is revoked, the Commission shall restore without further proceedings the authority any such motor carrier had to provide transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under this subchapter at the time the exemption was effective.

(e) Notwithstanding the provisions of this section, the Commission has no jurisdiction under this subchapter over transportation, except transportation of household goods, by a motor carrier operating solely within the State of Hawaii. The State of Hawaii may regulate transportation exempt from the jurisdiction of the Commission under this subsection and, to the extent provided by a motor carrier operating solely within the State of Hawaii, transportation exempt from the jurisdiction of the Commission under section 10523 of this title.

(f) State regulation of the operations of a motor carrier covered by an exemption under this section is not a burden on interstate or foreign commerce.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1363; Pub. L. 96–258, §1(4), June 3, 1980, 94 Stat. 425; Pub. L. 97–261, §30, Sept. 20, 1982, 96 Stat. 1128.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Pub. L. 95–473
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10525 49:304(a)(4a). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §204(a)(4a); added Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §19, 54 Stat. 921.

The 5th sentence of 49:304(a)(4a) is omitted as unnecessary in view of subchapter II of chapter 5 of title 5.

In subsection (a), the words "as in fact", "by order", "character", "in good faith", "in the opinion", and "hereinbefore authorized" are omitted as surplus. The word "entirely" is substituted for "solely" for consistency and clarity. The words "in interstate or foreign commerce" are omitted as unnecessary because those words were defined terms in 49:303(a)(10) and (11) and those terms have been incorporated into section 10521 of the revised title stating the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under chapter 105.

In subsection (b), the words "designated in such certificate", "in writing", "verified", and "reasonably" are omitted as surplus. The words "State authority" are substituted for "State board" for consistency and as being more precise. The words "terms and" are omitted as unnecessary.

In subsection (c), the words "Where an application is made in good faith for the exemption of a motor carrier under this subparagraph" are omitted as unnecessary and in view of section 10321 of the revised title giving the Commission general authority to carry out the subtitle. The words "State authority" are substituted for "State board" for consistency and as being more precise.

In subsection (e), the words "interstate or foreign commerce" are retained because they are used in a constitutional sense in the subsection rather than in the sense of statutory definitions as in the case of subsection (a).

Pub. L. 96–258

This amends section 10525(d) to correct a grammatical error.

Amendments

1982—Subsecs. (e), (f). Pub. L. 97–261 added subsec. (e) and redesignated former subsec. (e) as (f).

1980—Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 96–258 substituted "class of motor carriers affects or impairs, or is likely substantially" for "class of motor carriers is, or is likely substantially".

Effective Date of 1982 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 97–261 effective Sept. 20, 1982, see section 31(c) of Pub. L. 97–261, set out as a note under section 10101 of this title.

Effective Date of 1980 Amendment

Section 3(d) of Pub. L. 96–258 provided that: "The amendments made by section 1(4), (5)(A), (6), (7), (8), (9), (10), (13), (14), (15), and (16) of this Act [enacting section 11351 of this title and amending this section and sections 10526, 10544, 10706, 10784, 10923, 11101, 11707, 11909, 11912, and 11914 of this title] are effective October 17, 1978."

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in sections 10322, 10341, 10749 of this title.

§10526. Miscellaneous motor carrier transportation exemptions

(a) The Interstate Commerce Commission does not have jurisdiction under this subchapter over—

(1) a motor vehicle transporting only school children and teachers to or from school;

(2) a motor vehicle providing taxicab service and having a capacity of not more than 6 passengers and not operated on a regular route or between specified places;

(3) a motor vehicle owned or operated by or for a hotel and only transporting hotel patrons between the hotel and the local station of a common carrier;

(4) a motor vehicle controlled and operated by a farmer and transporting—

(A) the farmer's agricultural or horticultural commodities and products; or

(B) supplies to the farm of the farmer;


(5) a motor vehicle controlled and operated by a cooperative association (as defined by section 15(a) of the Agricultural Marketing Act (12 U.S.C. 1141j(a))) or by a federation of cooperative associations if the federation has no greater power or purposes than a cooperative association, except that if the cooperative association or federation provides transportation for compensation between a place in a State and a place in another State, or between a place in a State and another place in the same State through another State—

(A) for a nonmember that is not a farmer, cooperative association, federation, or the United States Government, the transportation (except for transportation otherwise exempt under this subchapter)—

(i) shall be limited to transportation incidental to the primary transportation operation of the cooperative association or federation and necessary for its effective performance;

(ii) may not exceed in each fiscal year 25 percent of the total transportation of the cooperative association or federation between those places, measured by tonnage; and

(iii) shall be provided only after the cooperative association or federation notifies the Commission of its intent to provide the transportation; and


(B) the transportation for all nonmembers may not exceed in each fiscal year, measured by tonnage, the total transportation between those places for the cooperative association or federation and its members during that fiscal year;


(6) transportation by motor vehicle of—

(A) ordinary livestock;

(B) agricultural or horticultural commodities (other than manufactured products thereof);

(C) commodities listed as exempt in the Commodity List incorporated in ruling numbered 107, March 19, 1958, Bureau of Motor Carriers, Interstate Commerce Commission, other than frozen fruits, frozen berries, frozen vegetables, cocoa beans, coffee beans, tea, bananas, or hemp, or wool imported from a foreign country, wool tops and noils, or wool waste (carded, spun, woven, or knitted);

(D) cooked or uncooked fish, whether breaded or not, or frozen or fresh shellfish, or by-products thereof not intended for human consumption, other than fish or shellfish that have been treated for preserving, such as canned, smoked, pickled, spiced, corned, or kippered products; and

(E) livestock and poultry feed and agricultural seeds and plants, if such products (excluding products otherwise exempt under this paragraph) are transported to a site of agricultural production or to a business enterprise engaged in the sale to agricultural producers of goods used in agricultural production;


(7) a motor vehicle used only to distribute newspapers;

(8)(A) transportation of passengers by motor vehicle incidental to transportation by aircraft;

(B) transportation of property (including baggage) by motor vehicle as part of a continuous movement which, prior or subsequent to such part of the continuous movement, has been or will be transported by an air carrier or (to the extent so agreed by the United States and approved by the Secretary of Transportation) by a foreign air carrier; or

(C) transportation of property by motor vehicle in lieu of transportation by aircraft because of adverse weather conditions or mechanical failure of the aircraft or other causes due to circumstances beyond the control of the carrier or shipper;

(9) the operation of a motor vehicle in a national park or national monument;

(10) a motor vehicle carrying not more than 15 individuals in a single, daily roundtrip to commute to and from work;

(11) transportation of used pallets and used empty shipping containers (including intermodal cargo containers), and other used shipping devices (other than containers or devices used in the transportation of motor vehicles or parts of motor vehicles);

(12) transportation of natural, crushed, vesicular rock to be used for decorative purposes;

(13) transportation of wood chips;

(14) brokers for motor carriers of passengers, except as provided in section 10924(f) of this title; or

(15) transportation of broken, crushed, or powdered glass.


(b) Except to the extent the Commission finds it necessary to exercise jurisdiction to carry out the transportation policy of section 10101 of this title, the Commission does not have jurisdiction under this subchapter over—

(1) transportation provided entirely in a municipality, in contiguous municipalities, or in a zone that is adjacent to, and commercially a part of, the municipality or municipalities, except—

(A) when the transportation is under common control, management, or arrangement for a continuous carriage or shipment to or from a place outside the municipality, municipalities, or zone; or

(B) that in transporting passengers over a route between a place in a State and a place in another State, or between a place in a State and another place in the same State through another State, the transportation is exempt from the jurisdiction of the Commission only if the motor carrier operating the motor vehicle also is lawfully providing intrastate transportation of passengers over the entire route under the laws of each State through which the route runs;


(2) transportation by motor vehicle provided casually, occasionally, or reciprocally but not as a regular occupation or business, except when a broker or other person sells or offers for sale passenger transportation provided by a person authorized to transport passengers by motor vehicle under an application pending, or certificate or permit issued, under this subtitle; or

(3) the emergency towing of an accidentally wrecked or disabled motor vehicle.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1364; Pub. L. 96–258, §1(5), June 3, 1980, 94 Stat. 425; Pub. L. 96–296, §§7, 21(a), 24(a), July 1, 1980, 94 Stat. 797, 812, 814; Pub. L. 96–454, §11(a), Oct. 15, 1980, 94 Stat. 2023; Pub. L. 97–261, §14(d), Sept. 20, 1982, 96 Stat. 1114; Pub. L. 97–377, §152, Dec. 21, 1982, 96 Stat. 1918; Pub. L. 97–449, §5(g)(1), Jan. 12, 1983, 96 Stat. 2442; Pub. L. 98–216, §2(8), Feb. 14, 1984, 98 Stat. 5; Pub. L. 98–554, title II, §227(c), Oct. 30, 1984, 98 Stat. 2852; Pub. L. 103–272, §4(j)(17), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1369.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Pub. L. 95–473
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10526(a) (1)–(8) 49:303(b)(1)–(3), (4a)–(7a). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §203(b); added Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 545; June 23, 1938, ch. 601, §1107(j), 52 Stat. 1029; June 29, 1938, ch. 811, §3, 52 Stat. 1237; Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §18(b)(2)–(6), 54 Stat. 921; July 9, 1952, ch. 599, §1, 66 Stat. 479; Aug. 12, 1958, Pub. L. 85–625, §7(a), 72 Stat. 573; Dec. 17, 1963, Pub. L. 88–208, §1, 77 Stat. 402; July 26, 1968, Pub. L. 90–433, §1, 82 Stat. 448.
10526(a)(9) 49:303(b)(4). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §209(a)(1) (last proviso); added Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 553.
  49:309(a)(1) (last proviso).
10526(b) 49:303(b)(8)–(10).

In the introductory matter of subsections (a) and (b), before each clause (1), the words "does not have jurisdiction under this subchapter" are substituted for "Nothing in this chapter, . . . shall be construed to include" for clarity and to conform to the terms used in chapter 105 of the revised title. The words "except the provisions of section 304 of this title relative to qualifications and maximum hours of service of employees and safety of operation or standards of equipment" are omitted because, under section 6(e)(6)(C) of Public Law 89–670, those provisions were transferred to the Secretary of Transportation.

In subsection (a)(1), the words "transporting only" are substituted for "employed solely in transporting" to conform to the terms of the other clauses of the section.

In subsection (a)(2), the words "taxicabs, or other" and "bona fide" are omitted as surplus. The words "specified places" are substituted for "fixed termini" for consistency.

In subsection (a)(3), the words "railroad or other" are omitted as surplus. The word "only" is substituted for "exclusively" for consistency.

In subsection (a)(5), the words "so defined" are omitted as surplus. The words "between a place in a State and a place in another State, or between a place in a State and another place in the same State through another State" are substituted for "interstate transportation" for clarity and consistency. The words "any agency or instrumentality thereof" are omitted as surplus.

In subsection (a)(5)(A)(i), (ii), and (iii), the words "under this subchapter" are substituted in each place for "under this chapter" because of the codification of the motor carrier jurisdictional provisions in subchapter II of chapter 105 of the revised title.

In subsection (a)(5)(A)(ii) and (B), the word "by" is substituted in each place for "in terms of" to eliminate surplus words.

In the introductory matter of subsection (a)(6), before clause (A), the words "or passengers" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement of the introductory matter.

In subsection (a)(6)(A), the words "(including shellfish)" are omitted as unnecessary in view of subsection (a)(6)(D).

In subsection (a)(7), the word "only" is substituted for "exclusively" for consistency.

Subsection (a)(9) restates the source provisions for clarity and consistency. The words following the comma in 49:309(a)(1) (last proviso), and the words "under authorization, regulation, and control of the Secretary of the Interior" in 49:303(b)(4), are omitted as surplus.

In subsection (b)(1), the words "in interstate or foreign commerce" are omitted for consistency and as unnecessary because the Commission only has jurisdiction under subchapter II of chapter 105 when interstate or foreign commerce is involved. See section 10521 of the revised title.

In subsection (b)(1)(B), the words "regular or irregular", "or routes", "lawfully", and "such interstate" are omitted as surplus. The words "between a place in a State and a place in another State, or a place in a State and another place in the same State through another State" are substituted for "interstate commerce" for clarity. The words "through which the route runs" are substituted for "having jurisdiction" for clarity.

In subsection (b)(2), the words "interstate or foreign commerce for compensation" are omitted for consistency and as unnecessary because the Commission only has jurisdiction under subchapter II of chapter 105 when interstate or foreign commerce for compensation is concerned. The words "passengers or property" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the definition of "transportation". The words "procured or furnished or arranged for" are omitted as surplus in view of the definition of "broker" in section 10102 of the revised title.

In subsection (b)(3), the words "in interstate or foreign commerce" are omitted as surplus.

Pub. L. 96–258
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10526(a) 49:303(b)(7b). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §203(b)(7b); added Nov. 6, 1978, Pub. L. 95–599, §126(c), 92 Stat. 2706.

This corrects a grammatical error and adds a new exempt activity to the section.

Pub. L. 103–272
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10526(a) (8)(B) 49 App.:1551(b) (1)(E). Aug. 23, 1958, Pub. L. 85–726, 72 Stat. 731, §1601(b)(1)(E); added Oct. 4, 1984, Pub. L. 98–443, §3(e), 98 Stat. 1704.

Section 4(j)(17)(A) amends 49:10526(a)(8)(B) to reflect the transfer under 49 App.:1551(b)(1)(E) of the remaining authority of the Civil Aeronautics Board to the Secretary of Transportation.

Amendments

1994—Subsec. (a)(8)(B). Pub. L. 103–272, §4(j)(17)(A), substituted "Secretary of Transportation" for "Civil Aeronautics Board or its successor agency".

Subsec. (a)(10). Pub. L. 103–272, §4(j)(17)(B), substituted "from work;" for "from work."

Subsec. (a)(13). Pub. L. 103–272, §4(j)(17)(C), substituted "wood chips;" for "wood chips; or".

Subsec. (a)(14). Pub. L. 103–272, §4(j)(17)(D), substituted "of this title; or" for "of this title."

1984—Subsec. (a)(5). Pub. L. 98–216, which directed substitution of "section 15(a) of the Agricultural Marketing Act (12 U.S.C. 1141j(a))" for "section 1141j(a) of title 12", was incapable of execution because an identical amendment had already been made by section 5(g)(1) of Pub. L. 97–449. See 1983 Amendment note below.

Subsec. (a)(14), (15). Pub. L. 98–554 redesignated par. (14), as added by Pub. L. 97–377, relating to transportation of glass, as (15).

1983—Subsec. (a)(5). Pub. L. 97–449 substituted "section 15(a) of the Agricultural Marketing Act (12 U.S.C. 1141j(a))" for "section 1141j(a) of title 12".

1982—Subsec. (a)(14). Pub. L. 97–377 added par. (14) relating to transportation of glass.

Pub. L. 97–261 added par. (14) relating to brokers for motor carriers of passengers.

1980—Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 96–258, §1(5)(A), struck out "is" after "more than 6 passengers and".

Subsec. (a)(5)(A)(ii). Pub. L. 96–296, §24(a), substituted "25 percent" for "15 percent".

Subsec. (a)(6). Pub. L. 96–296, §§7(a), 21(a), in provision preceding subpar. (A), substituted "transportation by motor vehicle" for "a motor vehicle carrying, for compensation, only property and that property consists", in subpar. (D), inserted "or by-products thereof not intended for human consumption," after "fresh shellfish,", and added subpar. (E).

Subsec. (a)(8). Pub. L. 96–296, §7(b), designated existing provision as subpar. (A), inserted "of passengers" before "by motor vehicle", struck out "or" after "aircraft;", and added subpars. (B) and (C).

Subsec. (a)(10). Pub. L. 96–454 redesignated par. (10), as added by Pub. L. 96–296, relating to transportation of used pallets, used shipping containers, and other used shipping devices, as (11).

Pub. L. 96–296, §7(c), added par. (10) relating to transportation of used pallets, used shipping containers, and other used shipping devices.

Pub. L. 96–258, §1(5)(B)–(D), added par. (10) relating to motor vehicles not carrying more than 15 individuals.

Subsec. (a)(11). Pub. L. 96–454 redesignated par. (10), as added by Pub. L. 96–296, relating to transportation of used pallets, used shipping containers, and other used shipping devices, as (11). Former par. (11) redesignated (12).

Pub. L. 96–296, §7(c), added par. (11).

Subsec. (a)(12). Pub. L. 96–454 redesignated par. (11) as (12). Former par. (12) redesignated (13).

Pub. L. 96–296, §7(c), added par. (12).

Subsec. (a)(13). Pub. L. 96–454 redesignated par. (12) as (13).

Effective Date of 1982 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 97–261 effective on 60th day after Sept. 20, 1982, see section 31(a) of Pub. L. 97–261, set out as a note under section 10101 of this title.

Effective Date of 1980 Amendment

Amendment by section 1(5)(A) of Pub. L. 96–258 effective Oct. 17, 1978, see section 3(d) of Pub. L. 96–258, set out as a note under section 10525 of this title.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in sections 10527, 10528, 10529, 10530, 10561, 10749, 10922, 11101 of this title; title 16 section 2302.

§10527. Written contracts pertaining to certain interstate movements by motor vehicle

(a) Notwithstanding the provisions of section 10526(a)(6) of this title, the Interstate Commerce Commission, in cooperation with the Secretary of Agriculture, shall, where appropriate, require by regulation the use of written contracts for the interstate movement by motor vehicle of property described in such section and for brokerage services to be provided in connection with the interstate movement of such property.

(b) A written contract between an owner or operator of a motor vehicle and a broker, shipper of property, or receiver of property which is required to be used by the Commission under this section shall specify the arrangements, including compensation, with respect to loading and unloading of the property transported under such contract. Whenever the shipper or receiver of the property transported under such contract requires that the operator of the vehicle load or unload any part of the property onto or from the vehicle contrary to any provision of such contract, the shipper or receiver shall compensate the owner or operator of the vehicle for all costs associated with loading or unloading that part of the property. Any person who knowingly violates the preceding sentence is liable to the United States Government for a civil penalty of not more than $10,000 for each violation.

(c) The Commission shall prescribe, by regulation, the minimum requirements and conditions of written contracts required to be used under this section.

(Added Pub. L. 96–296, §16(a), July 1, 1980, 94 Stat. 810; amended Pub. L. 103–272, §5(m)(16), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1377.)

Amendments

1994—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 103–272 substituted "title" for "subchapter".

Agreements Between Interstate Commerce Commission and Secretary of Agriculture

Section 16(d) of Pub. L. 96–296 provided that: "The Interstate Commerce Commission and the Secretary of Agriculture may enter into agreements (including, but not limited to, memorandums of understanding) in carrying out the provisions of section 10527(a) of title 49, United States Code."

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in section 11702 of this title.

§10528. Mixed loads of regulated and unregulated property

A motor carrier of property providing transportation exempt from the jurisdiction of the Commission under paragraph (6), (8), (11), (12), or (13) of section 10526(a) of this title may transport property under such paragraph in the same vehicle and at the same time as property which the carrier is authorized to transport under a certificate issued under section 10922(b) 1 of this title or under a permit issued under section 10923 of this title. Such transportation shall not affect the unregulated status of such exempt property or the regulated status of the property which the carrier is authorized to transport under such certificate or permit.

(Added Pub. L. 96–296, §21(b)(1), July 1, 1980, 94 Stat. 812; amended Pub. L. 96–454, §11(b), Oct. 15, 1980, 94 Stat. 2023; Pub. L. 103–272, §5(m)(17), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1377.)

References in Text

Section 10922(b) of this title, referred to in text, was redesignated section 10922(c) of this title by Pub. L. 103–311, title II, §207(a)(1), Aug. 26, 1994, 108 Stat. 1686.

Amendments

1994Pub. L. 103–272 substituted "title" for "subchapter" and "subtitle" wherever appearing.

1980Pub. L. 96–454 substituted "(11), (12), or (13)" for "(10), (11), or (12)".

1 See References in Text note below.

§10529. Limited authority over cooperative associations

(a) Notwithstanding section 10526(a)(5) of this title, any cooperative association (as defined by section 15(a) of the Agricultural Marketing Act (12 U.S.C. 1141j(a))) or a federation of cooperative associations which is required to notify the Commission under such section 10526(a)(5) shall prepare and maintain such records relating to transportation provided by such association or federation, in such form, as the Commission may require by regulation to carry out the provisions of such section 10526(a)(5). The Commission or an employee designated by the Commission, may on demand and display of proper credentials—

(1) inspect and examine the lands, buildings, and equipment of such association or federation; and

(2) inspect and copy any record of such association or federation.


(b) Notwithstanding section 10526(a)(5) of this title, the Commission may require a cooperative association or federation of cooperative associations described in subsection (a) of this section to file reports with the Commission containing answers to questions about transportation provided by such association or federation.

(c) The Commission may bring a civil action to enforce subsections (a) and (b) of this section or a regulation or order of the Commission issued under this section, when violated by a cooperative association or federation of cooperative associations described in subsection (a).

(d)(1) A person required to make a report to the Commission, answer a question, or maintain a record under this section, or an officer, agent, or employee of that person, that (A) does not make the report, (B) does not specifically, completely, and truthfully answer the question, or (C) does not maintain the record in the form and manner prescribed by the Commission, is liable to the United States Government for a civil penalty of not more than $500 for each violation and for not more than $250 for each additional day the violation continues.

(2) Trial in a civil action under paragraph (1) of this subsection shall be in the judicial district in which (A) the cooperative association or federation of cooperative associations has its principal office, (B) the violation occurred, or (C) the offender is found. Process in the action may be served in the judicial district of which the offender is an inhabitant or in which the offender may be found.

(e) A person, or an officer, employee, or agent of that person, that by any means knowingly and willfully tries to evade compliance with the provisions of this section shall be fined at least $200 but not more than $500 for the first violation and at least $250 but not more than $2,000 for a subsequent violation.

(f) A person required to make a report to the Commission, answer a question, or maintain a record under this section, or an officer, agent, or employee of that person, that (1) willfully does not make that report, (2) willfully does not specifically, completely, and truthfully answer that question in 30 days from the date the Commission requires the question to be answered, (3) willfully does not maintain that record in the form and manner prescribed by the Commission, (4) knowingly and willfully falsifies, destroys, mutilates, or changes that report or record, (5) knowingly and willfully files a false report or record with the Commission under this section, (6) knowingly and willfully makes a false or incomplete entry in that record about a business-related fact or transaction, or (7) knowingly and willfully maintains a record in violation of a regulation or order of the Commission issued under this section, shall be fined not more than $5,000.

(Added Pub. L. 96–296, §24(b)(1), July 1, 1980, 94 Stat. 814; amended Pub. L. 103–272, §5(m)(18), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1377.)

Amendments

1994—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 103–272 substituted "(12 U.S.C. 1141j(a)))" for "(12 U.S.C. 1141j(a))".

§10530. Certificates of registration for certain foreign carriers

(a) In this section—

[(1) Repealed. Pub. L. 100–690, title IX, §9111(a)(1), Nov. 18, 1988, 102 Stat. 4531]

(2) "foreign motor carrier" means a person (including a motor carrier of property but excluding a motor private carrier)—

(A)(i) which is domiciled in a contiguous foreign country; or

(ii) which is owned or controlled by persons of a contiguous foreign country and is not domiciled in the United States; and

(B) in the case of a person which is not a motor carrier of property, which provides interstate transportation of property (including exempt items) by motor vehicle under an agreement or contract entered into with a motor carrier of property (other than a motor private carrier or a motor carrier of property described in subparagraph (A)).


(3) "foreign motor private carrier" means a person (including a motor private carrier but excluding a motor carrier of property)—

(A)(i) which is domiciled in a contiguous foreign country; or

(ii) which is owned or controlled by persons of a contiguous foreign country and is not domiciled in the United States; and

(B) in the case of a person which is not a motor private carrier, which provides interstate transportation of property (including exempt items) by motor vehicle under an agreement or contract entered into with a person (other than a motor carrier of property or a motor private carrier described in subparagraph (A)).


(4) "exempt items" means items described in paragraphs (4), (6), (11), (12), (13), and (15) of section 10526(a) of this subchapter and items transported under paragraph (5) of such section.

(5) "interstate transportation" means transportation described in section 10521(a) of this subchapter and transportation in the United States exempt from the jurisdiction of the Commission under section 10526(b)(1) of this subchapter.


(b) Certification Requirement.—

(1) For foreign motor carriers.—Except as provided in this section and sections 10922 and 10923, no foreign motor carrier may provide interstate transportation of property (including exempt items) by motor vehicle unless the Commission has issued to such person a certificate of registration under this section, or a certificate or permit under subchapter II of chapter 109, authorizing such person to provide such transportation.

(2) For foreign motor carriers.—Except as provided in this section, no foreign motor private carrier may provide interstate transportation of property (including exempt items) by motor vehicle unless the Commission has issued to the carrier a certificate of registration under this section authorizing the carrier to provide such transportation.


(c) Without regard to subchapter II of chapter 103 of this title and subchapter II of chapter 5 of title 5, the Commission shall issue a certificate of registration to any foreign motor carrier authorizing the carrier to provide interstate transportation of property (including exempt items) by motor vehicle, and to any foreign motor private carrier authorizing the carrier to provide interstate transportation of property (including exempt items) by motor vehicle, if—

(1) the Commission finds that the carrier is fit, willing, and able—

(A) to provide the transportation to be authorized by the certificate; and

(B) to comply with this subtitle and regulations of the Commission; and


(2) the carrier demonstrates to the satisfaction of the Commission that the carrier has paid (or will pay in a timely manner) all taxes imposed by section 4481 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 on any motor vehicle which such carrier operated in the United States in the most recent taxable period (as such term is defined under section 4482(c) of such Code).


(d) A foreign motor carrier and a foreign motor private carrier must file an application with the Commission for a certificate of registration under this section to provide interstate transportation by motor vehicle. The Commission may approve any part of the application or deny the application. The application must—

(1) be under oath;

(2) contain such information as the Commission may require by regulation; and

(3) be filed with the Commission at such times as the Commission may require by regulation.


(e) The requirement that foreign motor carriers and foreign motor private carriers issued certificates of registration under this section be fit, willing, and able means—

(1) safety fitness; and

(2) proof of minimum financial responsibility—

(A) under section 30 1 of the Motor Carrier Act of 1980, and

(B) under the laws of the States in which the carrier is operating,


to the extent applicable.


(f) Each certificate of registration issued under this section shall specify the transportation to be provided under the certificate.

(g) Identification.—

(1) In vehicle.—Any motor vehicle which is used by a foreign motor carrier or by a foreign motor private carrier to provide interstate transportation of property (including exempt items) by motor vehicle under a certificate issued under this section or section 10922 or under a permit issued under section 10923 shall have a copy of such certificate or permit, as the case may be, in such motor vehicle at any time such vehicle is being used to provide such transportation.

(2) Denial of entry.—The Commission, the Secretary of Transportation, and the Secretary of the Treasury shall deny entry into the United States of any motor vehicle in which there is not a copy of the certificate or permit required to be in such vehicle by paragraph (1) of this subsection.


(h) When a certificate of registration is issued under this section, the Commission may prescribe such conditions on the transportation to be provided under the certificate as may be necessary to carry out the objectives of this section.

(i)(1) Subject to paragraph (3) of this subsection, this section shall not apply with respect to any contiguous foreign country with respect to which a moratorium is not in effect under section 10922(l) 1 of this title on the effective date of this section.

(2) The President of the United States may waive the requirements of this section with respect to any contiguous foreign country if the President determines that such waiver is in the national interest and notifies, in writing, the Congress of such waiver before the date on which such waiver is to take effect. In any case in which the requirements of this section apply with respect to a contiguous foreign country which substantially prohibits grants of authority to persons from the United States to provide transportation by motor vehicle for compensation in such foreign country, such waiver shall not take effect before the 60th day following the date on which the Congress is notified of such waiver.

(3) The President of the United States may, by order, make the requirements of this section applicable with respect to any contiguous foreign country if—

(A) the President determines that making such requirements so applicable is in the national interest; and

(B) the President—

(i) notifies, in writing, the Congress of the issuance of such order; and

(ii) has published a copy of such order in the Federal Register;


at least 30 days before such order takes effect.

(Added Pub. L. 98–554, title II, §226(a)(1), Oct. 30, 1984, 98 Stat. 2848; amended Pub. L. 99–514, §2, Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2095; Pub. L. 100–690, title IX, §9111(a)–(f), Nov. 18, 1988, 102 Stat. 4531–4533; Pub. L. 103–272, §4(j)(18), (o), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1369, 1371.)

Historical and Revision Notes

Pub. L. 103–272

Section 4(o) corrects technical errors in the introductory language of section 9111(b) and (f) of the Anti-Drug Abuse Act of 1988 (Public Law 100–690, 102 Stat. 4351).

References in Text

Sections 4481 and 4482(c) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, referred to in subsec. (c)(2), are classified to sections 4481 and 4482(c) of Title 26, Internal Revenue Code.

Section 30 of the Motor Carrier Act of 1980, referred to in subsec. (e)(2)(A), is section 30 of Pub. L. 96–296, which was formerly set out as a note under section 10927 of this title and was repealed and reenacted as section 31139 of this title by Pub. L. 103–272, §§1(e), 7(b), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1006, 1379, the first section of which enacted subtitles II, III, and V to X of this title.

Section 10922(l) of this title, referred to in subsec. (i)(1), was redesignated section 10922(m) of this title by Pub. L. 103–311, title II, §207(a)(1), Aug. 26, 1994, 108 Stat. 1686.

The effective date of this section, referred to in subsec. (i)(1), is the effective date of Pub. L. 98–554, title II, §226(a)(1), which is May 1, 1985, see Effective Date note below.

Amendments

1994—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 103–272, §4(o)(1), (2), made technical amendments to directory language of Pub. L. 100–690, §9111(b)(1), (2). See 1988 Amendment note below.

Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 103–272, §4(o)(3), (4), made technical amendments to directory language of Pub. L. 100–690, §9111(f)(1), (2). See 1988 Amendment note below.

Subsec. (i)(2). Pub. L. 103–272, §4(j)(18), which directed substitution of "notified" for "notifed" in par. (3), was executed by making the substitution in par. (2) to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

1988—Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 100–690, §9111(a)(1), struck out par. (1) which read as follows: " 'registrable year' means the six-month period beginning July 1, 1985, and ending December 31, 1985, calendar year 1986, and each calendar year thereafter."

Subsec. (a)(2), (3). Pub. L. 100–690, §9111(a)(2), (3), amended pars. (2) and (3) generally. Prior to amendment, pars. (2) and (3) read as follows:

"(2) 'foreign motor carrier' means a motor carrier of property—

"(A) which does not hold a certificate issued under section 10922 of this title or a permit issued under section 10923 of this title; and

"(B)(i) which is domiciled in any contiguous foreign country; or

"(ii) which is owned or controlled by persons of any contiguous foreign country and is not domiciled in the United States.

"(3) 'foreign motor private carrier' means a motor private carrier—

"(A) which is domiciled in any contiguous foreign country; or

"(B) which is owned or controlled by persons of any contiguous foreign country and is not domiciled in the United States."

Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 100–690, §9111(b), as amended by Pub. L. 103–272, §4(o)(1), (2), inserted subsec. and par. (1) headings, generally amended text of par. (1) which read as follows: "Except as provided in this section, no foreign motor carrier may provide interstate transportation of exempt items in any registrable year unless the Commission has issued to the carrier a certificate of registration under this section authorizing the carrier to provide such transportation in such year.", and in par. (2) inserted heading and "by motor vehicle" after "items)", struck out "in any registrable year" before "unless" and "in such year" after "such transportation", and realigned margins.

Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 100–690, §9111(c), substituted "property (including exempt items) by motor vehicle" for "exempt items in any registrable year" and "by motor vehicle, if" for "in any registrable year, if" in introductory provisions and struck out "ending before the first day of such registrable year" after "of such Code)" in par. (2).

Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 100–690, §9111(d), inserted "by motor vehicle" before period at end of first sentence.

Subsec. (e)(2). Pub. L. 100–690, §9111(e), inserted subpars. (A) and (B) and concluding provisions and struck out former subpars. (A) and (B) which read as follows:

"(A) under section 30 of the Motor Carrier Act of 1980, in the case of a foreign motor carrier or foreign motor private carrier which provides transportation in the United States of an item referred to in subsection (b)(1) of such section; and

"(B) under the laws of the State or States in which the carrier is operating, in the case of a foreign motor private carrier which provides interstate transportation in the United States of property (other than an item referred to in such subsection)."

Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 100–690, §9111(f), as amended by Pub. L. 103–272, §4(o)(3), (4), inserted subsec. and par. (1) headings, generally amended text of par. (1) which read as follows: "Any motor vehicle which is used to provide transportation under a certificate of registration issued under this section shall have a copy of such certificate in such motor vehicle at any time such vehicle is being used to provide such transportation.", and in par. (2) inserted heading, substituted "certificate or permit" for "certificate of registration", and realigned margins.

1986—Subsec. (c)(2). Pub. L. 99–514 substituted "Internal Revenue Code of 1986" for "Internal Revenue Code of 1954".

Effective Date of 1988 Amendment

Section 9111(k) of Pub. L. 100–690 provided that: "The amendments made by this section [amending this section and sections 10922, 10927, 11701, and 11702 of this title] shall take effect January 1, 1990."

Effective Date

Section 226(d) of Pub. L. 98–554 provided that: "The amendments made by this section [enacting this section and amending sections 10322, 10922, 10927, 11701, 11702, 11901, and 11914 of this title] shall take effect May 1, 1985, except that the Interstate Commerce Commission may issue before such date such regulations as may be necessary to carry out the amendments made by this section beginning on such date."

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in sections 10922, 10927, 11701, 11702, 11901, 11914 of this title.

1 See References in Text note below.

§10531. Mass transportation exemption

(a) Definitions.—The definitions in section 5302(a) of this title apply to this section.

(b) Petition for Granting Exemptions.—A State or local governmental authority may petition the Interstate Commerce Commission for an exemption from the jurisdiction of the Commission under this subchapter for mass transportation the authority provides or has provided to it by contract. Not later than 180 days after the Commission receives a petition and after notice and a reasonable opportunity for a proceeding, the Commission shall exempt the State, local governmental authority, or contractor unless the Commission finds that—

(1) the public interest would not be served by an exemption;

(2) the exemption would result in an unreasonable burden on interstate or foreign commerce; or

(3) a State or local governmental authority may not regulate the mass transportation to be exempt under this section.


(c) Application of Other Laws.—All applicable laws of the United States related to safety and to representation of employees for collective bargaining purposes, retirement, annuities, and unemployment systems, and all other laws related to employee-employer relations, apply to a State or local governmental authority that was granted, or whose contractor was granted, an exemption under this section.

(d) Changing and Revoking Exemptions.—The Commission may change or revoke an exemption if it finds that new evidence, material error, or changed circumstances exist that materially affect the original order. The Commission may act on its own initiative or on application of an interested party.

(Added Pub. L. 103–272, §3(1), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1360.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10531(a) (no source).
10531(b) 49 App.:1608(f)(1). July 9, 1964, Pub. L. 88–365, 78 Stat. 302, §12(f); added Nov. 6, 1978, Pub. L. 95–599, §308(d), 92 Stat. 2747.
10531(c) 49 App.:1608(f)(2) (1st sentence).
10531(d) 49 App.:1608(f)(2) (last sentence).

Subsection (a) is included because the source provisions are taken from the Federal Transit Act (Public Law 88–365, 78 Stat. 302). Section 12(c) of the Act contains general definitions, some of which are used in the source provisions. Subsection (a) is included to ensure that the identical definitions that are relevant are used without repeating them. The source provisions for the definitions are found in the revision notes for section 5302 of the revised title.

In subsection (b), before clause (1), the words "the jurisdiction of the Commission under" are added for clarity. The words "the date" are omitted as surplus. The word "proceeding" is substituted for "hearing" for consistency in the revised title and with other titles of the United States Code. The words "by order" and "from subchapter II of chapter 105 of title 49 with respect to such mass transportation services to the extent and for such time as it specifies in such order" are omitted as surplus. In clause (2), the word "requested" is omitted as surplus. In clause (3), the words "including rates, proposed" are omitted as surplus. The words "under this section" are added for clarity.

In subsection (d), the words "amend" and "subsequently" are omitted as surplus.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in section 10922 of this title.

SUBCHAPTER III—WATER CARRIER TRANSPORTATION

Subchapter Referred to in Other Sections

This subchapter is referred to in sections 10102, 10329, 10502, 10523, 10701, 10703, 10704, 10705, 10721, 10722, 10723, 10724, 10725, 10726, 10741, 10742, 10762, 10921, 10922, 10923, 10930, 10933, 11101, 11108, 11141, 11142, 11143, 11323, 11342, 11343, 11502, 11504, 11702, 11705, 11706, 11904, 11905, 11908, 11909, 11910, 11914 of this title; title 26 section 7701; title 46 App. sections 804, 883–1.

§10541. General jurisdiction

(a) Subject to this chapter and other law, the Interstate Commerce Commission has jurisdiction over transportation insofar as water carriers are concerned—

(1) by water carrier between a place in a State and a place in another State, even if part of the transportation is outside the United States;

(2) by water carrier and rail carrier or motor carrier from a place in a State to a place in another State, except that if part of the transportation is outside the United States, the Commission only has jurisdiction over that part of the transportation provided—

(A) by rail carrier or motor carrier that is in the United States; and

(B) by water carrier that is from a place in the United States to another place in the United States; and


(3) by water carrier or by water carrier and rail carrier or motor carrier between a place in the United States and a place outside the United States, to the extent that—

(A) when the transportation is by rail carrier or motor carrier, the transportation is provided in the United States;

(B) when the transportation is by water carrier to a place outside the United States, the transportation is provided by water carrier from a place in the United States to another place in the United States before transshipment from a place in the United States to a place outside the United States; and

(C) when the transportation is by water carrier from a place outside the United States, the transportation is provided by water carrier from a place in the United States to another place in the United States after transshipment to a place in the United States from a place outside the United States.


(b) If transportation by a carrier would be subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under both subsection (a) of this section and subchapter I of this chapter, then that transportation is subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subsection (a) of this section. However, that transportation is also subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter I of this chapter to the extent that this subtitle imposes requirements on transportation by carriers subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter I that are not imposed on transportation by carriers subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subsection (a) of this section.

(c) This subtitle does not—

(1) affect the power of a State to regulate intrastate transportation provided by a water carrier; or

(2) authorize the Commission to prescribe or regulate a rate for intrastate transportation by a water carrier.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1365.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10541(a) (introductory words before cl. (1)) 49:ch. 12 generally (§§901–923). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, pt. III, §§302(i), 303(a), (j), (k); added Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §201, 54 Stat. 929, 930, 931, 933.
10541(a) (1)–(3) 49:902(i).
10541(b) 49:903(a).
10541(c) 49:903(j), (k).

In the introductory matter of subsection (a), before clause (1), the words "the Interstate Commerce Commission has jurisdiction over transportation insofar as water carriers are concerned" are based on 49:chapter 12 and are inserted to inform the reader of the general jurisdiction of the Commission in the water carrier area and to conform to the approach of sections 10501 and 10521 that are based on existing law. The words "Subject to this chapter and other provisions of law" are inserted to inform the reader that other sections of the subtitle qualify the grant of jurisdiction to the Commission under subsection (a).

In subsection (a)(1), (3), the words "wholly", and "partly" are omitted as surplus. The words "water carrier", "rail carrier", and "motor carrier" are substituted for "water", "railroad", and "motor vehicle", respectively, as more precise because the purpose of the language of the section is to state the jurisdiction of the Commission over transportation by the 3 types of carriers, and the terms "railroad" and "motor vehicle" are defined terms incorporated into the definitions of "rail carrier" and "motor carrier", respectively.

In subsection (a)(3), the words "for movement" and "in a movement" are omitted as surplus.

In subsection (c), the words "This subtitle does not" are substituted for "Nothing in this chapter shall" for clarity. The word "exclusive" is omitted as unnecessary. The words "intrastate transportation" are substituted for "intrastate commerce" for consistency. The words "within the jurisdiction of such State" are omitted as unnecessary. The word "rate" is substituted for "rate, fare, or charge" because of the definition of "rate" in section 10102 of the revised title. The words after "intrastate transportation" are omitted as unnecessary because services are included in the word "transportation" and because of the restatement of the source provisions.

§10542. Exempt bulk transportation

(a)(1) The Interstate Commerce Commission does not have jurisdiction under this subchapter over transportation by a water carrier of commodities in bulk that, under an existing custom of the trade in the handling and transportation of commodities in bulk as of June 1, 1939—

(A) are loaded and carried without wrappers or containers; and

(B) are received and delivered by the carrier without transportation mark or count.


(2) This subsection does not apply to transportation subject to the Intercoastal Shipping Act, 1933 (46 App. U.S.C. 843 et seq.) on September 18, 1940.

(b) The Commission does not have jurisdiction under this subchapter over transportation by a water contract carrier of commodities in bulk in a non-oceangoing vessel on a normal voyage during which—

(1) the cargo space of the vessel is used for carrying not more than 3 commodities in bulk; and

(2) the vessel passes in or through waters that are international for navigational purposes by a treaty to which the United States is a party.


(c) The Commission does not have jurisdiction under this subchapter over transportation by water carrier of liquid cargoes in bulk in a tank vessel—

(1) designed exclusively for transporting such a cargo; and

(2) having a certificate of inspection issued under part B of subtitle II of title 46 endorsed to show that the vessel complies with chapter 37 of title 46.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1366; Pub. L. 98–89, §3(b), Aug. 26, 1983, 97 Stat. 599; Pub. L. 98–216, §2(9), (10), Feb. 14, 1984, 98 Stat. 5; Pub. L. 103–272, §5(m)(19), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1377.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10542(a) 49:903(b). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §303 (b), (c), (d); added Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §201, 54 Stat. 931; Reorg. Plan No. 3 of 1946, eff. May 16, 1946, §§101–104, 60 Stat. 1097; Oct. 15, 1966, Pub. L. 89–670, §6(b), 80 Stat. 937; Dec. 28, 1970, Pub. L. 91–590, §1, 84 Stat. 1587; Dec. 27, 1973, Pub. L. 93–201, §1, 87 Stat. 838.
10542(b) 49:903(c).
10542(c) 49:903(d).

In subsection (a)(1), before clause (A), and in subsections (b) and (c), before each clause (1), the words "Commission does not have jurisdiction under this subchapter" are substituted for "Nothing in this chapter shall apply" for clarity and for consistency with the terms used in other sections of chapter 105 of the revised title.

References in Text

The Intercoastal Shipping Act, 1933, referred to in subsec. (a)(2), is act Mar. 3, 1933, ch. 199, 47 Stat. 1425, as amended, which is classified generally to chapter 23A (§843 et seq.) of Title 46, Appendix, Shipping. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see section 848 of Title 46, Appendix, and Tables.

Amendments

1994—Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 103–272 inserted "App." after "(46".

1984—Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 98–216, §2(9), substituted "the Intercoastal Shipping Act, 1933 (46 U.S.C. 843 et seq.)" for "chapter 23A of title 46".

Subsec. (c)(2). Pub. L. 98–216, §2(10), which directed substitution of "section 4417a of the Revised Statutes (46 U.S.C. 391a)" for "section 391a of title 46", was incapable of execution because of prior amendment of subsec. (c)(2) by section 3(b)(2) of Pub. L. 98–89. See 1983 Amendment note below.

1983—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 98–89, §3(b)(1), substituted "a tank vessel" for "tank vessels" in provisions preceding par. (1).

Subsec. (c)(2). Pub. L. 98–89, §3(b)(2), substituted "having a certificate of inspection issued under part B of subtitle II of title 46 endorsed to show that the vessel complies with chapter 37 of title 46" for "certified under regulations of the Secretary of Transportation under section 391a of title 46".

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in section 10749 of this title.

§10543. Exempt incidental water transportation

(a)(1) The Interstate Commerce Commission does not have jurisdiction under this subchapter when the transportation—

(A)(i) is provided in a terminal area and is a transfer, collection, or delivery; or

(ii) is flotage, car ferrying, lighterage, or towage;

(B) is provided by—

(i) a rail carrier subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter I of this chapter; or

(ii) a motor carrier subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II of this chapter; and


(C) is incidental to transportation provided by the carrier subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under either of those subchapters.


(2) Transportation exempt from the jurisdiction of the Commission under paragraph (1) of this subsection is subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter I of this chapter when provided by such a rail carrier and under subchapter II of this chapter when provided by such a motor carrier.

(b)(1) Except to the extent provided in paragraph (2) of this subsection, the Commission does not have jurisdiction under this subchapter over transportation by water when the transportation—

(A)(i) is provided in a terminal area and is a transfer, collection, or delivery; or

(ii) is flotage, car ferrying, lighterage, or towage; and

(B) is provided by a person as an agent or under other arrangement for—

(i) a rail carrier or express carrier subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter I of this chapter;

(ii) a motor carrier subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II of this chapter; or

(iii) a water carrier subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under this subchapter.


(2) Transportation exempt from the jurisdiction of the Commission under paragraph (1) of this subsection is considered transportation provided by the carrier for whom the transportation was provided and is subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter I of this chapter when provided for such a rail carrier or express carrier, under subchapter II of this chapter when provided for such a motor carrier, and under this subchapter when provided for such a water carrier.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1367.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10543(a) 49:903(f) (words before cl. (1)), (1). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §303(f); added Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §201, 54 Stat. 932.
10543(b) 49:903(f) (words before cl. (1)), (2).

The words "Notwithstanding any provision of this section or of section 902 of this title" in 49:903(f) are omitted as surplus because section 10541 of the revised title codifies the pertinent provisions of 49:902 and 903, and section 10541 begins with the words "Subject to".

In the introductory matter of subsections (a) and (b), before each clause (1), the words "does not have jurisdiction under this subchapter" are substituted for "the provisions of this chapter shall not apply" for clarity and to conform to the terms used in chapter 105 of the revised title. The words "over transportation by water" are omitted as unnecessary.

§10544. Miscellaneous water carrier transportation exemptions

(a) Except to the extent the Interstate Commerce Commission finds it necessary to exercise jurisdiction to carry out the transportation policy of section 10101 of this title, the Commission does not have jurisdiction under this subchapter over transportation by water carrier when the transportation is provided—

(1) entirely in one harbor or between places in contiguous harbors, other than transportation under common control, management, or arrangement for a continuous carriage or shipment to or from a place outside the limits of the harbor or the contiguous harbors;

(2) by a vessel of not more than 100 tons carrying capacity or 100 indicated horsepower;

(3) by a vessel carrying only passengers and equipped to carry not more than 16 passengers;

(4) by a ferry;

(5) by a water carrier transporting equipment of contractors used, or to be used, in construction or repair for the water carrier; or

(6) to carry out salvage operations.


(b) The Commission may exempt from its jurisdiction under this subchapter the transportation of passengers between places in the United States through a foreign port when the Commission finds its jurisdiction is not necessary to carry out the transportation policy of section 10101 of this title. The Commission may begin a proceeding under this subsection on its own initiative or on application of an interested party.

(c) The Commission shall exempt from its jurisdiction under this subchapter the transportation of commodities by water contract carrier when the Commission finds that the transportation is not actually and substantially competitive with transportation provided by a carrier subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter I or II of this chapter because of the inherent nature of the commodities transported, their requirement of special equipment, or their shipment in bulk. The Commission may prescribe conditions applicable to an exemption under this subsection. The Commission may begin a proceeding under this subsection on application of a water contract carrier.

(d)(1) The Commission does not have jurisdiction under this subtitle over transportation by a water common carrier provided between the 48 contiguous States or the District of Columbia, and Alaska if, before January 3, 1959—

(A) the carrier provided that transportation, was also a motor common carrier, and has continued to provide the transportation since before that date; and

(B) the transportation was subject to the Shipping Act, 1916 (46 App. U.S.C. 801 et seq.) or the Intercoastal Shipping Act, 1933 (46 App. U.S.C. 843 et seq.).


(2) The transportation remains subject to the jurisdiction of the Federal Maritime Commission.

(e) The Commission shall exempt the transportation of property on a vessel furnished by a water contract carrier to a person not a carrier providing transportation or service subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under this subtitle when the person uses the vessel to transport its own property and the Commission finds its jurisdiction is not necessary to carry out the transportation policy of section 10101 of this title. The Commission may begin a proceeding under this section on its own initiative or on application of an interested party. The Commission may exempt the transportation by person or class of persons. The Commission shall specify the period of time during which the exemption is effective. The Commission may revoke the exemption when it finds that its jurisdiction over the transportation of the property is necessary to carry out the transportation policy of section 10101. The Commission may deny or revoke an exemption only after an opportunity for a proceeding.

(f)(1) The Commission shall exempt the transportation of property by a water carrier under this subchapter when the Commission finds that the carrier is transporting only the property of a person owning substantially all of the voting stock of the carrier. When an exemption is granted, the Commission shall issue a certificate of exemption. The Commission may begin a proceeding under this subsection on its own initiative or on application of an interested party.

(2) The Commission may revoke an exemption granted under this subsection when it finds the water carrier is no longer entitled to the exemption. If the exemption is revoked, the Commission shall restore without further proceedings the authority the water carrier had to provide transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under this subchapter at the time the exemption became effective.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1368; Pub. L. 96–258, §1(6), June 3, 1980, 94 Stat. 425; Pub. L. 97–449, §5(g)(2), Jan. 12, 1983, 96 Stat. 2443; Pub. L. 98–216, §2(11), Feb. 14, 1984, 98 Stat. 5; Pub. L. 103–272, §5(m)(19), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1377.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Pub. L. 95–473
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10544(a) 49:903(g). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §303(g), (h); added Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §201, 54 Stat. 932, 933.
10544(b) 49:903(e)(1). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §303(e)(1), (2) (less last sentence); added Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §201, 54 Stat. 932; restated June 12, 1948, ch. 457, §1, 62 Stat. 386.
10544(c) 49:903(e)(2) (less last sentence).
10544(d) 49:903(e)(3). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §303(e)(3); added July 12, 1960, Pub. L. 86–615, §8, 74 Stat. 386; Reorg. Plan No. 7 of 1961, eff. Aug. 12, 1961, §103, 75 Stat. 840.
10544(e) 49:902(e) (3d–5th sentences). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §302(e) (3d–5th sentences); added Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §201, 54 Stat. 930.
10544(f) 49:903(h).

In subsection (a), the words "does not have jurisdiction under this subchapter" are substituted for "the provisions of this part shall not apply" for clarity and to conform to the terms used in chapter 105 of the revised title. The words "to exercise jurisdiction" are inserted for clarity and to conform to the language of section 10526(b) of the revised title. The words "transportation by water carrier" are used to introduce all 6 clauses of the section for consistency within the section and with other sections of the subchapter.

Subsection (a)(1) has been restated to conform to the language of section 10526(b)(1) and terms used elsewhere in chapter 105. The words "in interstate commerce" are omitted for consistency and as unnecessary because the Commission only has jurisdiction when specified interstate or foreign commerce is involved.

In subsection (a)(2), the word "vessel" is substituted for "small vessel" because "vessel" is a defined term in section 10102 of the revised title that applies to "watercraft" and the balance of the clause explains what "small" means.

In subsection (b), the words "exempt from its jurisdiction under this subchapter" and "its jurisdiction" are substituted for "exempt from the requirements of this chapter" and "application of such requirements", respectively, for consistency and clarity. The words "any provision", "by order", "or ports", and "thereto" are omitted as surplus. The words "of an interested party" are added for clarity.

In subsection (c), the words "It is declared to be the policy of" and "to exclude from the provisions of this chapter, in addition to the transportation otherwise excluded under this section" are omitted as surplus. The words "made in such manner and form as the Commission may by regulations prescribe" are omitted in view of section 10321(a) of the revised title. The words "and limitations" are omitted as unnecessary. The words "by order . . . such of the transportation engaged in by such carrier as it finds necessary to carry out the policy above declared" are omitted as surplus.

Subsection (d) restates the source provisions for clarity and consistency. The word "transportation" is substituted for "operations" because the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission is over transportation and the operations of a carrier are included in the definition of transportation.

Subsection (e) restates the source provisions for clarity and consistency. The words "after an opportunity for a proceeding" are substituted for "reasonable opportunity for hearing" for consistency.

Subsection (f) restates the source provisions for clarity and consistency. The words "substantially all" are substituted for "all or substantially all" to eliminate redundancy. The words "by order", "foregoing provisions", and "if any" are omitted as surplus. The words following the comma in the 2d sentence of 49:903(h) are omitted as unnecessary. The last sentence of 49:903(h) is omitted as unnecessary in view of subchapter II of chapter 5 of title 5.

Pub. L. 96–258

This amends section 10544(d)(1) to make a technical change to conform to the source provision.

Pub. L. 98–216

This is necessary to conform an amendment made by section 5(g)(2) and (5) of the Act of January 12, 1983 (Pub. L. 97–449, 96 Stat. 2443).

References in Text

The Shipping Act, 1916, referred to in subsec. (d)(1)(B), is act Sept. 7, 1916, ch. 451, 39 Stat. 728, as amended, which is classified generally to chapter 23 (§801 et seq.) of Title 46, Appendix, Shipping. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see section 842 of Title 46, Appendix, and Tables.

The Intercoastal Shipping Act, 1933, referred to in subsec. (d)(1)(B), is act Mar. 3, 1933, ch. 199, 47 Stat. 1425, as amended, which is classified generally to chapter 23A (§843 et seq.) of Title 46, Appendix. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see section 848 of Title 46, Appendix, and Tables.

Amendments

1994—Subsec. (d)(1)(B). Pub. L. 103–272 inserted "App." after "(46" in two places.

1984—Subsec. (d)(1)(B). Pub. L. 98–216 substituted "(46 U.S.C. 843 et seq.)" for "(46 U.S.C. 843–848)".

1983—Subsec. (d)(1)(B). Pub. L. 97–449 substituted "the Shipping Act, 1916 (46 U.S.C. 801 et seq.) or the Intercoastal Shipping Act, 1933 (46 U.S.C. 843–848)" for "chapters 23 and 23A of title 46".

1980—Subsec. (d)(1). Pub. L. 96–258 inserted reference to the District of Columbia in introductory provisions.

Effective Date of 1980 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 96–258 effective Oct. 17, 1978, see section 3(d) of Pub. L. 96–258, set out as a note under section 10525 of this title.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in section 10929 of this title.

SUBCHAPTER IV—FREIGHT FORWARDER SERVICE

Subchapter Referred to in Other Sections

This subchapter is referred to in sections 10329, 10523, 10701, 10704, 10722, 10730, 10741, 10749, 10762, 10766, 10921, 10923, 10930, 10933, 11101, 11127, 11142, 11323, 11501, 11502, 11702, 11705, 11707, 11904, 11909, 11910, 11914 of this title.

§10561. General jurisdiction

(a) Subject to this chapter and other law, the Interstate Commerce Commission has jurisdiction over service that a household goods freight forwarder—

(1) undertakes to provide; or

(2) is authorized or required under this subtitle to provide;


to the extent transportation is provided in the United States and is between—

(A) a place in a State and a place in another State, even if part of the transportation is outside the United States;

(B) a place in a State and another place in the same State through a place outside the State; or

(C) a place in the United States and a place outside the United States.


(b) The Commission does not have jurisdiction under subsection (a) of this section over service undertaken by a household goods freight forwarder using transportation—

(1) of an air carrier subject to part A of subtitle VII of this title; or

(2) by motor vehicle exempt under section 10526(a)(8) of this title.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1369; Pub. L. 99–521, §6(c), Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2994; Pub. L. 103–272, §5(m)(20), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1377.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10561(a) (introductory words before cl. (1)) 49:ch. 13 generally (§§1001–1022). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, pt. IV, §402(a)(6), (7); added May 16, 1942, ch. 318, §1, 56 Stat. 285.
10561(a)(1), (2) 49:1002(a)(7) (words before semicolon).
10561(a) (A)–(C) 49:1002(a)(6).
10561(b) 49:1002(a)(7) (words after semicolon).

In the introductory matter of subsection (a), before clause (1), the words "the Interstate Commerce Commission has jurisdiction over service that a freight forwarder" are based on 49:chapter 13 and the words preceding "undertakes" in 49:1002(a)(7). They are inserted to inform the reader of the general jurisdiction of the Commission in the freight forwarder area and to conform to the approach of sections 10501 and 10521 that are based on existing law. The words "Subject to this chapter and other provisions of law" are inserted to inform the reader that other sections of the subtitle qualify the grant of jurisdiction of the Commission under section 10561. The words "or all" are omitted as surplus. The words "freight forwarder" are substituted for "any person . . . as a freight forwarder" to eliminate redundancy and because the definition of "freight forwarder" applies to a person.

In subsection (a)(1) and (2), the words "perform or" are omitted as redundant.

In subsection (b)(1), the words "air carrier subject to chapter 20 of this title" are substituted for "air carrier subject to the Civil Aeronautics Act of 1938, as amended" because the 1938 Act was repealed and replaced by the Federal Aviation Act of 1958, and the 1958 act is included in the United States Code as chapter 20 of title 49.

Amendments

1994—Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 103–272 substituted "part A of subtitle VII" for "chapter 20".

1986Pub. L. 99–521 inserted "household goods" before "freight forwarder" in two places.

Effective Date of 1986 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 99–521 effective 60 days after Oct. 22, 1986, see section 15 of Pub. L. 99–521, set out as a note under section 10102 of this title.

[§10562. Repealed. Pub. L. 99–521, §6(d)(1), Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2994]

Section, Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1369; Pub. L. 97–449, §5(g)(3), Jan. 12, 1983, 96 Stat. 2443, related to exempt freight forwarder service.

Effective Date of Repeal

Repeal effective 60 days after Oct. 22, 1986, see section 15 of Pub. L. 99–521, set out as an Effective Date of 1986 Amendment note under section 10102 of this title.

CHAPTER 107—RATES, TARIFFS, AND VALUATIONS

SUBCHAPTER I—GENERAL AUTHORITY

Sec.
10701.
Standards for rates, classifications, through routes, rules, and practices.
10701a.
Standards for rates for rail carriers.
10702.
Authority for carriers to establish rates, classifications, rules, and practices.
10703.
Authority for carriers to establish through routes.
10704.
Authority and criteria: rates, classifications, rules, and practices prescribed by Interstate Commerce Commission.
10705.
Authority: through routes, joint classifications, rates, and divisions prescribed by Interstate Commerce Commission.
10705a.
Joint rate surcharges and cancellations.
10706.
Rate agreements: exemption from antitrust laws.
10707.
Investigation and suspension of new rail carrier rates, classifications, rules, and practices.
10707a.
Zone of rail carrier rate flexibility.
10708.
Investigation and suspension of new nonrail carrier rates, classifications, rules, and practices.
10709.
Determination of market dominance in rail carrier rate proceedings.
10710.
Elimination of discrimination against recyclable materials.
10711.
Effect of certain sections on rail rates and practices.
10712.
Inflation-based rate increases.
10713.
Contracts.

        

SUBCHAPTER II—SPECIAL CIRCUMSTANCES

10721.
Government traffic.
10722.
Special passenger rates.
10723.
Charitable purposes.
10724.
Emergency rates.
10725.
Special freight forwarder rates.
10726.
Long and short haul transportation.
[10727.
Repealed.]
10728.
Separate rates for distinct rail services.
[10729.
Repealed.]
10730.
Rates and liability based on value.
10731.
Investigation of discriminatory rail rates for transportation of recyclable or recycled materials.
10732.
Food and grocery transportation.
10733.
Rates for transportation of recyclable materials.
10734.
Car utilization.
10735.
Household goods rates—estimates; guarantees of service.

        

SUBCHAPTER III—LIMITATIONS

10741.
Prohibitions against discrimination by common carriers.
10742.
Facilities for interchange of traffic.
10743.
Payment of rates.
10744.
Liability for payment of rates.
10745.
Continuous carriage of freight.
10746.
Transportation of commodities manufactured or produced by a rail carrier.
10747.
Transportation services or facilities furnished by shipper.
10748.
Transportation of livestock by rail carrier.
10749.
Exchange of services and limitation on use of common carriers by household goods freight forwarders.
10750.
Demurrage charges.
10751.
Business entertainment expenses.

        

SUBCHAPTER IV—TARIFFS AND TRAFFIC

10761.
Transportation prohibited without tariff.
10762.
General tariff requirements.
10763.
Designation of certain routes by shippers or Interstate Commerce Commission.
10764.
Arrangements between carriers: copy to be filed with Interstate Commerce Commission.
10765.
Water transportation under arrangements with certain other carriers.
10766.
Freight forwarder traffic agreements.
10767.
Billing and collecting practices.

        

SUBCHAPTER V—VALUATION OF PROPERTY

10781.
Investigation and report by Interstate Commerce Commission.
10782.
Requirements for establishing value.
10783.
Cooperation and assistance of carriers.
10784.
Revision of property valuations.
10785.
Finality of valuation: notice, protest, and review.
10786.
Applicability.

        

Amendments

1993Pub. L. 103–180, §7(b), Dec. 3, 1993, 107 Stat. 2052, added item 10767.

1986Pub. L. 99–521, §7(j)(3), Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2995, inserted "household goods" before "freight forwarders" in item 10749.

1984Pub. L. 98–554, title II, §227(b)(2), Oct. 30, 1984, 98 Stat. 2852, substituted "10735. Household" for "10734. Household".

1980Pub. L. 96–454, §4(b), Oct. 15, 1980, 94 Stat. 2013, added item 10734, relating to household goods rates.

Pub. L. 96–448, title II, §§201(b)(3), 203(b), 206(b), 208(b), 209, 210(a), 217(a)(2), 225(b), Oct. 14, 1980, 94 Stat. 1900, 1904, 1906, 1910, 1924, 1930, added items 10701a, 10705a, 10707a, 10712, 10713, and 10734 (relating to car utilization) and struck out items 10727 and 10729.

Pub. L. 96–296, §§8(b), 32(b), 33(b), July 1, 1980, 94 Stat. 798, 824, 825, added items 10732, 10733, and 10751.

Chapter Referred to in Other Sections

This chapter is referred to in sections 10910, 10922, 11501, 11903, 11904, 11916 of this title; title 45 section 1109.

SUBCHAPTER I—GENERAL AUTHORITY

§10701. Standards for rates, classifications, through routes, rules, and practices

(a) A rate (other than a rail rate), classification, rule, or practice related to transportation or service provided by a carrier subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under chapter 105 of this title must be reasonable. A through route established by such a carrier (including a rail carrier) must be reasonable. Divisions of joint rates by those carriers (including rail carriers) must be made without unreasonable discrimination against a participating carrier and must be reasonable.

[(b) Repealed. Pub. L. 96–448, title II, §201(b)(2), Oct. 14, 1980, 94 Stat. 1900.]

(c) A common carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter I or III of chapter 105 of this title may not discriminate in its rates against a connecting line of another carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under either of those subchapters or unreasonably discriminate against that line in the distribution of traffic that is not routed specifically by the shipper.

(d) In a proceeding to determine whether a rate for transportation or service provided by a common carrier subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II, III, or IV of chapter 105 of this title complies with subsection (a) of this section, the good will, earning power, or certificate or permit under which that carrier is operating may not be considered or admitted as evidence of the value of the property of that carrier. When the carrier receives a certificate or permit under chapter 109 of this title, it is considered to have agreed to this subsection for itself and for all transferees of that certificate or permit.

(e) Except as provided in subsection (f), in proceedings to determine the reasonableness of rate levels for a motor carrier or group of motor carriers, or in proceedings to determine the reasonableness of a territorial rate structure where rates are proposed through agreements authorized by section 10706(b) of this title, the Commission shall authorize revenue levels that are adequate under honest, economical, and efficient management to cover total operating expenses, including the operation of leased equipment and depreciation, plus a reasonable profit. The standards and procedures adopted by the Commission under this subsection shall allow the carriers to achieve revenue levels that will provide a flow of net income, plus depreciation, adequate to support prudent capital outlays, assure the repayment of a reasonable level of debt, permit the raising of needed equity capital, attract and retain capital in amounts adequate to provide a sound motor carrier transportation system in the United States, and take into account reasonable estimated or foreseeable future costs. Any complaint brought against a motor carrier (other than a carrier described in subsection (f)(1)(A)) by a person (other than a motor carrier) for unreasonably high rates for past or future transportation shall be determined under this subsection.

(f) Procedures for Resolving Claims Involving Unfiled, Negotiated Transportation Rates.—

(1) In general.—When a claim is made by a motor carrier of property (other than a household goods carrier) providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II of chapter 105 of this title, by a freight forwarder (other than a household goods freight forwarder), or by a party representing such a carrier or freight forwarder regarding the collection of rates or charges for such transportation in addition to those originally billed and collected by the carrier or freight forwarder for such transportation, the person against whom the claim is made may elect to satisfy the claim under the provisions of paragraph (2), (3), or (4) of this subsection, upon showing that—

(A) the carrier or freight forwarder is no longer transporting property or is transporting property for the purpose of avoiding the application of this subsection; and

(B) with respect to the claim—

(i) the person was offered a transportation rate by the carrier or freight forwarder other than that legally on file with the Commission for the transportation service;

(ii) the person tendered freight to the carrier or freight forwarder in reasonable reliance upon the offered transportation rate;

(iii) the carrier or freight forwarder did not properly or timely file with the Commission a tariff providing for such transportation rate or failed to enter into an agreement for contract carriage;

(iv) such transportation rate was billed and collected by the carrier or freight forwarder; and

(v) the carrier or freight forwarder demands additional payment of a higher rate filed in a tariff.


If there is a dispute as to the showing under subparagraph (A), such dispute shall be resolved by the court in which the claim is brought. If there is a dispute as to the showing under subparagraph (B), such dispute shall be resolved by the Commission. Pending the resolution of any such dispute, the person shall not have to pay any additional compensation to the carrier or freight forwarder. Satisfaction of the claim under paragraph (2), (3), or (4) of this subsection shall be binding on the parties, and the parties shall not be subject to chapter 119 of this title.

(2) Claims involving shipments weighing 10,000 pounds or less.—A person from whom the additional legally applicable and effective tariff rate or charges are sought may elect to satisfy the claim if the shipments each weighed 10,000 pounds or less, by payment of 20 percent of the difference between the carrier's applicable and effective tariff rate and the rate originally billed and paid. In the event that a dispute arises as to the rate that was legally applicable to the shipment, such dispute shall be resolved by the Commission.

(3) Claims involving shipments weighing more than 10,000 pounds.—A person from whom the additional legally applicable and effective tariff rate or charges are sought may elect to satisfy the claim if the shipments each weighed more than 10,000 pounds, by payment of 15 percent of the difference between the carrier's applicable and effective tariff rate and the rate originally billed and paid. In the event that a dispute arises as to the rate that was legally applicable to the shipment, such dispute shall be resolved by the Commission.

(4) Claims involving public warehousemen.—Notwithstanding paragraphs (2) and (3), a person from whom the additional legally applicable and effective tariff rate or charges are sought may elect to satisfy the claim by payment of 5 percent of the difference between the carrier's applicable and effective tariff rate and the rate originally billed and paid if such person is a public warehouseman. In the event that a dispute arises as to the rate that was legally applicable to the shipment, such dispute shall be resolved by the Commission.

(5) Effects of election.—When a person from whom additional legally applicable freight rates or charges are sought does not elect to use the provisions of paragraph (2), (3), or (4), the person may pursue all rights and remedies existing under this title.

(6) Stay of additional compensation.—When a person proceeds under this section to challenge the reasonableness of the legally applicable freight rate or charges being claimed by a carrier or freight forwarder described in paragraph (1) in addition to those already billed and collected, the person shall not have to pay any additional compensation to the carrier or freight forwarder until the Commission has made a determination as to the reasonableness of the challenged rate as applied to the freight of the person against whom the claim is made.

(7) Limitation on statutory construction.—Except as authorized in paragraphs (2), (3), (4), and (9) of this subsection, nothing in this subsection shall relieve a motor common carrier of the duty to file and adhere to its rates, rules, and classifications as required in sections 10761 and 10762 of this title.

(8) Notification of election.—

(A) General rule.—A person must notify the carrier or freight forwarder as to its election to proceed under paragraph (2), (3), or (4). Except as provided in subparagraphs (B), (C), and (D), such election may be made at any time.

(B) Demands for payment initially made after date of enactment.—If the carrier or freight forwarder or party representing such carrier or freight forwarder initially demands the payment of additional freight charges after the date of the enactment of this subsection and notifies the person from whom additional freight charges are sought of the provisions of paragraphs (1) through (7) at the time of the making of such initial demand, the election must be made not later than the later of—

(i) the 60th day following the filing of an answer to a suit for the collection of such additional legally applicable freight rate or charges, or

(ii) the 90th day following the date of the enactment of this subsection.


(C) Pending suits for collection made before or on date of enactment.—If the carrier or freight forwarder or party representing such carrier or freight forwarder has filed, before or on the date of the enactment of this subsection, a suit for the collection of additional freight charges and notifies the person from whom additional freight charges are sought of the provisions of paragraphs (1) through (7), the election must be made not later than the 90th day following the date on which such notification is received.

(D) Demands for payment made before or on date of enactment.—If the carrier or freight forwarder or party representing such carrier or freight forwarder has demanded the payment of additional freight charges, and has not filed a suit for the collection of such additional freight charges, before or on the date of the enactment of this subsection and notifies the person from whom additional freight charges are sought of the provisions of paragraphs (1) through (7), the election must be made not later than the later of—

(i) the 60th day following the filing of an answer to a suit for the collection of such additional legally applicable freight rate or charges, or

(ii) the 90th day following the date of the enactment of this subsection.


(9) Claims involving small-business concerns, charitable organizations, and recyclable materials.—Notwithstanding paragraphs (2), (3), and (4), a person from whom the additional legally applicable and effective tariff rate or charges are sought shall not be liable for the difference between the carrier's applicable and effective tariff rate and the rate originally billed and paid—

(A) if such person qualifies as a small-business concern under the Small Business Act (15 U.S.C. 631 et seq.),

(B) if such person is an organization which is described in section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 and exempt from tax under section 501(a) of such Code, or

(C) if the cargo involved in the claim is recyclable materials, as defined in section 10733.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1371; Pub. L. 96–296, §13(a), July 1, 1980, 94 Stat. 803; Pub. L. 96–448, title II, §201(b)(1), (2), Oct. 14, 1980, 94 Stat. 1899, 1900; Pub. L. 97–261, §9(a), Sept. 20, 1982, 96 Stat. 1109; Pub. L. 103–180, §2(a), (b), (g), Dec. 3, 1993, 107 Stat. 2044, 2047, 2049.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10701(a) 49:1(4) (related to standards), (5)(a), (b) (1st and 2d sentences). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, §1(4) (related to standards), (5)(a), (b) (less 7th and 8th sentences), 24 Stat. 379; June 29, 1906, ch. 3591, §1, 34 Stat. 584; Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §400, 41 Stat. 474; June 19, 1934, ch. 652, §602(b), 48 Stat. 1102; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543; Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §2(c), (d), 54 Stat. 900; Aug. 2, 1949, ch. 379, §1, 63 Stat. 485; Feb. 5, 1976, Pub. L. 94–210, §202(a), (b), 90 Stat. 34.
  49:316(a) (related to standards), (b) (related to standards), (d) (1st sentence); 318(a) (1st sentence related to standards). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §216(a) (related to standards), (b) (related to standards), (d) (1st sentence), (h), §218(a) (1st sentence related to standards); added Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 558, 560, 561; Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §§22(b), 23(a), 54 Stat. 924, 925.
  49:905(a) (1st sentence related to standards and 2d sentence), (b) (4th sentence); 906(e) (1st sentence related to standards). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §§305(a) (1st sentence related to standards and 2d sentence), (b) (4th sentence), (d) (1st sentence 2d cl., 2d sentence related to standards), 306(e) (1st sentence related to standards), 307(c); added Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §201, 54 Stat. 934, 935, 937; Aug. 24, 1962, Pub. L. 87–595, §2, 76 Stat. 398.
  49:1004(a) (related to standards). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §§404(a) (related to standards), 406(c); added May 16, 1942, ch. 318, §1, 56 Stat. 286, 288.
10701(b) 49:1(5)(b) (less 1st, 2d, 7th, and 8th sentences).
10701(c) 49:3(4) (1st sentence 2d cl., 2d sentence related to standards). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, §3(4) (1st sentence 2d cl., 2d sentence related to standards), 24 Stat. 380; Feb. 4, 1920, ch. 91, §405, 41 Stat. 479; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543; restated Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §5(e), 54 Stat. 903.
  49:905(d) (1st sentence 2d cl., 2d sentence related to standards).
10701(d) 49:316(h).

49:907(c).

49a:1006(c).

The section consolidates and restates the source provisions for clarity. The words "rates" and "transportation" are substituted for "rate, fare, or charge" and "service . . . in the transportation of passengers or property", except as related to freight forwarders, in view of the definitions of "rate" and "transportation" in section 10102 of the revised title.

Subsection (a) is added to eliminate repetition of the word "reasonable" throughout the revised title. The word "reasonable" is substituted for "just and reasonable" for clarity, consistency, and to conform to modern usage. See the revision note to section 10101 of the revised title. The 2d clause and last sentence of 49:1(5)(a) and the 2d sentence of 49:1(5)(b) are omitted as surplus. The words "discrimination against" are substituted for "prefer or prejudice" as being inclusive. See the revision note to section 10101 of the revised title.

In subsection (b), the words "or not shown to be" are omitted as surplus. The words "(hereafter in this paragraph referred to as the 'proponent carrier')" are omitted as unnecessary. The word "unless" is substituted for "except where" for clarity. The words "For the purposes of the preceding sentence" are omitted as surplus. The last sentence of subsection (b)(1) is substituted for 49:1(5)(b) (last sentence) to eliminate unnecessary terms.

In subsection (c), the word "unreasonably" is substituted for "unduly" for consistency. The last sentence of 49:905(d) is omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement. The words "discriminate against" are substituted for "prejudice" as being more inclusive. See the revision note to section 10101 of the revised title.

In subsection (d), 49:316(h), 907(c), and 1006(c) are consolidated into one subsection patterned after 49:316(h). The words "is considered" are substituted for "shall be deemed" for clarity. The words "the provisions of" are omitted as surplus.

References in Text

The date of the enactment of this subsection, referred to in subsec. (f)(8)(B) to (D), is the date of enactment of Pub. L. 103–180, which was approved Dec. 3, 1993.

The Small Business Act, referred to in subsec. (f)(9)(A), is Pub. L. 85–536, July 18, 1958, 72 Stat. 384, as amended, which is classified generally to chapter 14A (§631 et seq.) of Title 15, Commerce and Trade. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 631 of Title 15 and Tables.

Section 501 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, referred to in subsec. (f)(9)(B), is classified to section 501 of Title 26, Internal Revenue Code.

Amendments

1993—Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 103–180, §2(b), (g), substituted "Except as provided in subsection (f), in" for "In" and inserted at end "Any complaint brought against a motor carrier (other than a carrier described in subsection (f)(1)(A)) by a person (other than a motor carrier) for unreasonably high rates for past or future transportation shall be determined under this subsection."

Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 103–180, §2(a), added subsec. (f).

1982—Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 97–261 struck out "of property" after "for a motor carrier" and "group of motor carriers".

1980—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 96–448, §201(b)(1), inserted "(other than a rail rate)" after "A rate", "(including a rail carrier)" after "such a carrier", and "(including rail carriers)" after "those carriers".

Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 96–448, §201(b)(2), struck out subsec. (b) which provided that a rate of transportation by a rail carrier which was below a reasonable minimum rate for the service provided did not violate subsec. (a) of this section if that rate contributed to the going concern value of that carrier, a rate increased to the going concern value was not prohibited if otherwise reasonable and was presumed reasonable if it did not exceed the increment costs of rendering the transportation, a rate for transportation that equaled or exceeded the variable cost of providing the transportation was presumed reasonable if it contributed to the going concern of the rail carrier, and the Commission determine, with specific limitations, the variable and incremental costs. See section 10701a of this title.

Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 96–296 added subsec. (e).

Effective Date of 1982 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 97–261 effective on 60th day after Sept. 20, 1982, see section 31(a) of Pub. L. 97–261, set out as a note under section 10101 of this title.

Effective Date of 1980 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 96–448 effective Oct. 1, 1980, see section 710(a) of Pub. L. 96–448, set out as a note under section 10101 of this title.

Applicability of Procedures for Resolving Claims Involving Unfiled Negotiated Transportation Rates

Section 2(c) of Pub. L. 103–180 provided that: "The amendments made by subsections (a) and (b) of this section [amending this section] shall apply to all claims pending as of the date of the enactment of this Act [Dec. 3, 1993] and to all claims arising from transportation shipments tendered on or before the last day of the 24-month period beginning on such date of enactment."

Report Concerning Procedures for Resolving Claims Involving Unfiled Negotiated Transportation Rates

Section 2(d) of Pub. L. 103–180 directed Interstate Commerce Commission, not later than 18 months after Dec. 3, 1993, to transmit to Congress a report regarding whether there exists a justification for extending applicability of amendments made by section 2(a) and (b) of Pub. L. 103–180 (amending this section) beyond the period specified in section 2(c) of Pub. L. 103–180 (set out above).

Alternative Procedure for Resolving Disputes

Section 2(e) of Pub. L. 103–180 provided that:

"(1) General rule.—For purposes of section 10701 of title 49, United States Code, it shall be an unreasonable practice for a motor carrier of property (other than a household goods carrier) providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II of chapter 105 of such title, a freight forwarder (other than a household goods freight forwarder), or a party representing such a carrier or freight forwarder to attempt to charge or to charge for a transportation service provided before September 30, 1990, the difference between the applicable rate that is lawfully in effect pursuant to a tariff that is filed in accordance with chapter 107 of such title by the carrier or freight forwarder applicable to such transportation service and the negotiated rate for such transportation service if the carrier or freight forwarder is no longer transporting property between places described in section 10521(a)(1) of such title or is transporting property between places described in section 10521(a)(1) of such title for the purpose of avoiding the application of this subsection.

"(2) Jurisdiction of commission.—The Commission shall have jurisdiction to make a determination of whether or not attempting to charge or the charging of a rate by a motor carrier or freight forwarder or party representing a motor carrier or freight forwarder is an unreasonable practice under paragraph (1). If the Commission determines that attempting to charge or the charging of the rate is an unreasonable practice under paragraph (1), the carrier, freight forwarder, or party may not collect the difference described in paragraph (1) between the applicable rate and the negotiated rate for the transportation service. In making such determination, the Commission shall consider—

"(A) whether the person was offered a transportation rate by the carrier or freight forwarder or party other than that legally on file with the Commission for the transportation service;

"(B) whether the person tendered freight to the carrier or freight forwarder in reasonable reliance upon the offered transportation rate;

"(C) whether the carrier or freight forwarder did not properly or timely file with the Commission a tariff providing for such transportation rate or failed to enter into an agreement for contract carriage;

"(D) whether the transportation rate was billed and collected by the carrier or freight forwarder; and

"(E) whether the carrier or freight forwarder or party demands additional payment of a higher rate filed in a tariff.

"(3) Stay of additional compensation.—When a person proceeds under this subsection to challenge the reasonableness of the practice of a motor carrier, freight forwarder, or party described in paragraph (1) to attempt to charge or to charge the difference described in paragraph (1) between the applicable rate and the negotiated rate for the transportation service in addition to those charges already billed and collected for the transportation service, the person shall not have to pay any additional compensation to the carrier, freight forwarder, or party until the Commission has made a determination as to the reasonableness of the practice as applied to the freight of the person against whom the claim is made.

"(4) Treatment.—Paragraph (1) of this subsection is enacted as an exception, and shall be treated as an exception, to the requirements of sections 10761(a) and 10762 of title 49, United States Code, relating to a filed tariff rate for a transportation or service subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission and other general tariff requirements.

"(5) Nonapplicability of negotiated rate dispute resolution procedure.—If a person elects to seek enforcement of paragraph (1) with respect to a rate for a transportation or service, section 10701(f) of title 49, United States Code, as added by subsection (a) of this section, shall not apply to such rate.

"(6) Definitions.—For purposes of this subsection, the following definitions apply:

"(A) Commission, household goods, household goods freight forwarder, and motor carrier.—The terms 'Commission', 'household goods', 'household goods freight forwarder', and 'motor carrier' have the meaning such terms have under section 10102 of title 49, United States Code.

"(B) Negotiated rate.—The term 'negotiated rate' means a rate, charge, classification, or rule agreed upon by a motor carrier or freight forwarder described in paragraph (1) and a shipper through negotiations pursuant to which no tariff was lawfully and timely filed with the Commission and for which there is written evidence of such agreement."

Prior Settlements and Adjudications

Section 2(f) of Pub. L. 103–180 provided that: "Any claim that, but for this subsection, would be subject to any provision of this Act [see Short Title of 1993 Amendment note set out under section 10101 of this title] (including any amendment made by this Act) and that was settled by mutual agreement of the parties to such claim, or resolved by a final adjudication of a Federal or State court, before the date of the enactment of this Act [Dec. 3, 1993] shall be treated as binding, enforceable, and not contrary to law, unless such settlement was agreed to as a result of fraud or coercion."

Limitation on Statutory Construction

Section 9 of Pub. L. 103–180 provided that: "Nothing in this Act [see Short Title of 1993 Amendment note set out under section 10101 of this title] (including any amendment made by this Act) shall be construed as limiting or otherwise affecting application of title 11, United States Code, relating to bankruptcy; title 28, United States Code, relating to the jurisdiction of the courts of the United States (including bankruptcy courts); or the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 [29 U.S.C. 1001 et seq.]."

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in sections 10705, 10711, 10731, 10925, 11126 of this title.

§10701a. Standards for rates for rail carriers

(a) Except as provided in subsection (b) or (c) of this section and unless a rate is prohibited by a provision of this title, a rail carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under subchapter I of chapter 105 of this title may establish any rate for transportation or other service provided by the carrier.

(b)(1) If the Commission determines, under section 10709 of this title, that a rail carrier has market dominance over the transportation to which a particular rate applies, the rate established by such carrier for such transportation must be reasonable.

(2) In any proceeding to determine the reasonableness of a rate described in paragraph (1) of this subsection—

(A) the shipper challenging such rate shall have the burden of proving that such rate is not reasonable if—

(i) such rate (I) is authorized under section 10707a of this title, and (II) results in a revenue-variable cost percentage for the transportation to which the rate applies that is less than the lesser of the percentages described in clauses (i) and (ii) of section 10707a(e)(2)(A) of this title; or

(ii) such rate does not meet the description set forth in clause (i) of this subparagraph, but the Commission does not begin an investigation proceeding under section 10707 of this title to determine whether such rate is reasonable; and


(B) the rail carrier establishing the challenged rate shall have the burden of proving that such rate is reasonable if—

(i) such rate (I) is greater than that authorized under section 10707a of this title, or (II) results in a revenue-variable cost percentage for the transportation to which the rate applies that is equal to or greater than the lesser of the percentages described in clauses (i) and (ii) of section 10707a(e)(2)(A) of this title; and

(ii) the Commission begins an investigation proceeding under section 10707 of this title to determine whether such rate is reasonable.


(3) In determining whether a rate established by a rail carrier is reasonable for purposes of this section, the Commission shall recognize the policy of this subtitle that rail carriers shall earn adequate revenues, as established by the Commission under section 10704(a)(2) of this title.

(c)(1) A rate for transportation or other service provided by a rail carrier subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter I of chapter 105 of this title may not be established below a reasonable minimum. Any rate for transportation by such a rail carrier that does not contribute to the going concern value of such carrier is presumed to be not reasonable. A rate that contributes to the going concern value of such carrier is conclusively presumed not to be below a reasonable minimum.

(2) A rate for transportation by a rail carrier that equals or exceeds the variable cost of providing the transportation is conclusively presumed to contribute to the going concern value of such rail carrier.

(3)(A) Upon the filing of a complaint alleging that a rate is in violation of this subsection, the Commission shall take final action thereon by the 90th day after the date such complaint is filed.

(B) If the Commission determines, based on the record after opportunity for a hearing, that a rate is in violation of this subsection, the Commission shall order such rate to be raised, but only to the minimum level required by this subsection. The complainant shall have the burden of proving that such rate is in violation of this subsection.

(4)(A) For purposes of this subsection, variable costs shall be determined under formulas or procedures prescribed or certified by the Commission.

(B) In the determination of variable costs for purposes of minimum rate regulation, the Commission shall, on application of the rail carrier proposing the rate, determine only the costs of such carrier and only those costs of the specific service in question unless the specific information is not available. The Commission may not include in such variable costs an expense that does not vary directly with the level of transportation provided under the proposed rate.

(Added Pub. L. 96–448, title II, §201(a), Oct. 14, 1980, 94 Stat. 1898; amended Pub. L. 103–272, §4(j)(19), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1369.)

Amendments

1994—Subsec. (b)(3). Pub. L. 103–272 substituted "subtitle" for "title" after "policy of this".

Effective Date

Section effective Oct. 1, 1980, see section 710(a) of Pub. L. 96–448, set out as an Effective Date of 1980 Amendment note under section 10101 of this title.

Determination of Extent Product Competition To Be Considered in Rate Regulation Proceedings; Availability of Alternative Sources; Coal From Alternative Sources; Standards for Reasonableness Under Existing Laws and Meaning of Market Dominance Unaffected

Section 205(a) of Pub. L. 96–448 directed the Interstate Commerce Commission to commence a proceeding to determine whether, and to what extent, product competition, meaning the availability to a consignee of alternative sources of a product or commodity which could be effectively utilized by the consignee, without regard to origin, should be considered in proceedings under subtitle IV of this title to determine the reasonableness of rail carrier rates. Coal imported for generation of electricity by utilities was not to be considered, and the Commission's standards for determining reasonableness of rail carrier rates under existing laws and the meaning of the term "market dominance" as defined in section 10709(a) of this title were to remain unaffected. The Commission was to complete the proceeding within 230 days after Oct. 1, 1980.

Challenge of Existing Rail Carrier Rates; Grounds; Time Limitation; Exception; Burden of Proof

Section 229 of Pub. L. 96–448 provided that:

"(a) Any rate that is in effect on the effective date of this Act [Oct. 1, 1980] for transportation by a rail carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under subchapter I of chapter 105 of title 49, United States Code, may, during the 180-day period beginning on such effective date, be challenged in a complaint filed with the Interstate Commerce Commission by any interested party alleging that the rail carrier has market dominance over the transportation to which the rate applies, as determined under section 10709 of such title, and that the rate is not reasonable under section 10701a of such title.

"(b) Any rate described in subsection (a) of this section—

"(1) which is not challenged in a complaint filed within the 180-day period provided in such subsection; or

"(2) which is challenged in such a complaint, but (A) the rail carrier is found not to have market dominance over the transportation to which the rate applies, or (B) the rate is found to be reasonable,

shall be deemed to be lawful and may not thereafter be challenged in the Commission or in any court (other than on appeal from a decision of the Commission).

"(c) The provisions of this section shall not apply to any rate under which the volume of traffic moved during the 12-month period immediately preceding the effective date of this Act did not exceed 500 net tons and has increased tenfold within the 3-year period immediately preceding the bringing of a challenge to the reasonableness of such rate.

"(d) The burden of proof in any proceeding under this section shall be on the complainant."

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in section 10705a of this title.

§10702. Authority for carriers to establish rates, classifications, rules, and practices

(a) A common carrier providing transportation or service subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under chapter 105 of this title shall establish—

(1) rates, including divisions of joint rates, and classifications for transportation and service it may provide under this subtitle; and

(2) rules and practices on matters related to that transportation or service, including rules and practices on—

(A) issuing tickets, receipts, bills of lading, and manifests;

(B) carrying of baggage;

(C) the manner and method of presenting, marking, packing, and delivering property for transportation; and

(D) facilities for transportation.


(b) A contract carrier, except a motor contract carrier of property, providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under chapter 105 of this title shall establish, and file with the Commission, actual and minimum rates for the transportation it may provide under this subtitle and rules and practices related to those rates. However, this subsection does not require a motor contract carrier to maintain the same rates and rules related to those rates for the same transportation provided to shippers served by it. The Commission may grant relief from this subsection when relief is consistent with the public interest and the transportation policy of section 10101 of this title. The Commission may begin a proceeding under this subsection on application of a contract carrier or group of contract carriers or on its own initiative for a water contract carrier or group of water contract carriers.

(c) Contracts of Carriage for Motor Contract Carriers.—

(1) General rule.—A motor contract carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II of chapter 105 of this title shall enter into a written agreement, separate from the bill of lading or receipt, for each contract for the provision of transportation subject to such jurisdiction which is entered into after the 90th day following the date of the enactment of this subsection.

(2) Minimum content requirements.—The written agreement shall, at a minimum—

(A) identify the parties thereto;

(B) commit the shipper to tender and the carrier to transport a series of shipments;

(C) contain the contract rate or rates for the transportation service to be or being provided; and

(D)(i) state that it provides for the assignment of motor vehicles for a continuing period of time for the exclusive use of the shipper; or

(ii) state that it provides that the service is designed to meet the distinct needs of the shipper.


(3) Retention by carrier.—All written agreements entered into by a motor contract carrier under paragraph (1) shall be retained by the carrier while in effect and for a minimum period of 3 years thereafter and shall be made available to the Commission upon request.

(4) Random audits by commission.—The Commission shall conduct periodic random audits to ensure that motor contract carriers are complying with this subsection and are adhering to the rates set forth in their agreements.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1372; Pub. L. 103–180, §6(a), Dec. 3, 1993, 107 Stat. 2050; Pub. L. 103–311, title II, §206(a), Aug. 26, 1994, 108 Stat. 1684.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10702(a) 49:1(4) (2d sentence last cl.), (6) (less last sentence). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, §1(4) (2d sentence last cl.), (6) (less last sentence), 24 Stat. 379; June 29, 1906, ch. 3591, §1, 34 Stat. 584; Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §400, 41 Stat. 474; June 19, 1934, ch. 652, §602(b), 48 Stat. 1102; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543; Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §2(c), (d), 54 Stat. 900; Aug. 2, 1949, ch. 379, §1, 63 Stat. 485.
  49:316(a) (60th–143d words), (b) (less 16th–33d words), (c) (2d sentence). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §216(a) (60th–143d words), (b) (less 16th–33d words), (c) (2d sentence); added Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 558; Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §22(b), 54 Stat. 924; Aug. 24, 1962, Pub. L. 87–595, §1, 76 Stat. 397.
  49:905(a) (less 1st sentence 1st cl. and last sentence), (b) (4th sentence). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §§305(a) (less 1st sentence 1st cl. and last sentence), (b) (4th sentence), 306(e) (1st sentence and 7th sentence proviso related to relief); added Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §201, 54 Stat. 934, 935; Aug. 24, 1962, Pub. L. 87–595, §2, 76 Stat. 398.
  49:1004(a) (related to carrier authority). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §404(a) (related to carrier authority); added May 16, 1942, ch. 318, §1, 56 Stat. 286.
10702(b) 49:318(a) (1st and 4th sentence, and 7th sentence proviso related to relief). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §218(a) (1st and 4th sentences, and 7th sentence proviso related to relief); added Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 561; Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §§16, 23(a), 54 Stat. 919, 925; Aug. 13, 1957, Pub. L. 85–124, §13, 71 Stat. 343.
  49:906(e) (1st sentence, and 7th sentence proviso related to relief).

The section consolidates and restates the source provisions for clarity.

In subsection (a), the word "shall" is substituted for "It shall be the duty of every" for clarity. The words "observe, and enforce" are omitted as surplus in view of the restatement. The authority to establish rates in this section is made applicable to rail, express, sleeping car, and pipeline carriers for consistency. The word "prejudice" is omitted as surplus. The word "rules" is substituted for "rules and regulations" for consistency when referring to carriers. The word "rates" is substituted for "rates, fares, charges" in view of the definition of "rate" in section 10102 of the revised title. The word "tariffs" is omitted as unnecessary. The words "personal, sample, and excess" are omitted as surplus. The words "related to" are substituted for "connected with" for clarity. The last 63 words of 49:1(6) (1st sentence) are omitted as surplus.

In subsection (b), the word "shall" is substituted for "It shall be the duty of every" for clarity. The words "and observe" are omitted as surplus. The word "rules" is substituted for "regulations" for consistency when referring to carriers. The words "However, this subsection" are inserted for clarity. The words "does not require" are substituted for "Nothing herein provided shall be so construed as to require" for clarity. The words "from this subsection" are substituted for "from the provisions of this paragraph" in 49:318(a) and "from the provisions of this subsection" in 49:906(e) to conform to the revised title. The words "to such extent and for such time, and in such manner as in its judgment" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement. The words "may begin a proceeding under this subsection" are substituted for "after hearing" in view of subchapter II of chapter 103 of the revised subtitle and subchapter II of chapter 5 of title 5. The words "on application" are substituted for "may apply to" for clarity. The word "group" is substituted for "any class or group" as being more inclusive. The words "for good cause shown" in 49:906(e) (7th sentence proviso) are omitted as surplus in view of the specific criteria imposed by that section.

References in Text

The date of the enactment of this subsection, referred to in subsec. (c)(1), is the date of enactment of Pub. L. 103–180, which was approved Dec. 3, 1993.

Amendments

1994—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 103–311 inserted ", except a motor contract carrier of property," after "A contract carrier".

1993—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 103–180 added subsec. (c).

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in sections 10925, 11126, 11901, 11909 of this title.

§10703. Authority for carriers to establish through routes

(a) A carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under chapter 105 of this title shall establish through routes as follows:

(1) Rail, express, sleeping car, and pipeline carriers shall establish through routes with each other and shall establish rates and classifications applicable to those routes.

(2) Rail and water common carriers shall establish through routes with each other and shall establish rates and classifications applicable to those routes.

(3) A motor common carrier of passengers shall establish through routes with other carriers of the same type and shall establish individual and joint rates applicable to them.

(4)(A) A motor common carrier of property may establish through routes and joint rates and classifications applicable to them with other carriers of the same type, with rail and express carriers, and with water common carriers, including those referred to in subparagraph (D) of this paragraph.

(B) A motor common carrier of passengers may establish through routes and joint rates applicable to them with rail carriers or water common carriers, including those referred to in subparagraph (D) of this paragraph, or both.

(C) Water common carriers shall establish through routes with each other and shall establish rates and classifications applicable to those routes and may establish—

(i) through routes and rates and classifications applicable to them with motor common carriers; and

(ii) through routes and joint rates and classifications applicable to them with water common carriers referred to in subparagraph (D)(ii) of this paragraph.


(D) A through route or joint rate or classification authorized to be established with a carrier referred to in this subparagraph may be established with a water common carrier providing transportation subject to—

(i) the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter III of chapter 105 of this title; or

(ii) section 1 of the Shipping Act, 1916 (46 App. U.S.C. 801) or the Intercoastal Shipping Act, 1933 (46 App. U.S.C. 843 et seq.) (including persons holding themselves out to transport goods by water but not owning or operating vessels) and providing transportation of property between Alaska or Hawaii and the other 48 States.


A through route and a rate, classification, rule, or practice related to a through route with a water common carrier referred to in this subparagraph is subject to the provisions of this subtitle governing the type of carrier establishing the rate, classification, rule, or practice.

(E) A household goods freight forwarder may enter into contracts with a rail carrier or with a water common carrier providing transportation subject to the Shipping Act, 1916 (46 App. U.S.C. 801 et seq.) or the Intercoastal Shipping Act, 1933 (46 App. U.S.C. 843 et seq.). Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of this subparagraph, the Commission shall promulgate regulations implementing the provisions of this subparagraph.


(b) A carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter I, II (insofar as motor carriers of property are concerned), or III of chapter 105 of this title that establishes a through route with another carrier under this section shall establish rules for its operation and provide—

(1) reasonable facilities for operating the through route; and

(2) reasonable compensation to persons entitled to compensation for services related to the through route.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1372; Pub. L. 96–296, §22(a), (h), July 1, 1980, 94 Stat. 812, 814; Pub. L. 97–449, §5(g)(5), Jan. 12, 1983, 96 Stat. 2443; Pub. L. 98–216, §2(11), Feb. 14, 1984, 98 Stat. 5; Pub. L. 99–521, §7(a), Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2994; Pub. L. 103–272, §5(m)(21), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1377.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Pub. L. 95–473
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10703(a)(1), (2) 49:1(4) (1st sentence related to through routes). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, §1(4) (1st sentence related to through routes and 2d sentence less last cl.), 24 Stat. 379; June 29, 1906, ch. 3591, §1, 34 Stat. 584; Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §400, 41 Stat. 474; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543; restated Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §2(c), 54 Stat. 900.
  49:905(b) (1st sentence 1st–43d words). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §305(b) (less 4th sentence); added Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §201, 54 Stat. 934; Aug. 24, 1962, Pub. L. 87–595, §2, 76 Stat. 398.
10703(a)(3) 49:316(a) (1st–24th and 45th–59th words). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §216(a) (1st–24th, 45th–59th words), (c) (less 2d sentence); added Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 558; Aug. 24, 1962, Pub. L. 87–595, §1, 76 Stat. 397.
10703(a)(4) (A), (B) 49:316(c) (1st sentence).
10703(a)(4) (C) 49:905(b) (2d sentence and 3d sentence 1st–25th words).
10703(a)(4) (D) 49:316(c) (less 1st and 2d sentences).
  49:905(b) (3d sentence less 1st–25th words).
10703(b) 49:1(4) (less 1st sentence and 2d sentence last cl.).
  49:905(b) (less 1st sentence 1st–43d words, 2d, 3d, and 4th sentences).

The section consolidates and restates the source provisions for clarity. In subsection (a), the words "under subchapter I of chapter 105 of this title" are substituted for "subject to this chapter" to conform to the revised title. The words "providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission" are substituted for "subject to chapter 12" to conform to the revised title. The word "rates" is substituted for "rates, fares, charges" in view of the definition of "rate" in section 10102 of the revised title.

In subsection (b), the words "establish rules for its operation" are substituted for "and to make reasonable rules and regulations with respect to their operation" from 49:1(4) for clarity, and the word "reasonable" is omitted in view of section 10701 of the revised title. The words "for services related to the through route" are substituted for "those entitled thereto" for clarity.

Pub. L. 98–216

This is necessary to conform an amendment made by section 5(g)(2) and (5) of the Act of January 12, 1983 (Pub. L. 97–449, 96 Stat. 2443).

References in Text

The Shipping Act, 1916, referred to in subsec. (a)(4)(E), is act Sept. 7, 1916, ch. 451, 39 Stat. 728, as amended, which is classified generally to chapter 23 (§801 et seq.) of Title 46, Appendix, Shipping. Section 1 of the Shipping Act, 1916, is classified to section 801 of Title 46, Appendix. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see section 842 of Title 46, Appendix, and Tables.

The Intercoastal Shipping Act, 1933, referred to in subsec. (a)(4)(D)(ii), (E), is act Mar. 3, 1933, ch. 199, 47 Stat. 1425, as amended, which is classified generally to chapter 23A (§843 et seq.) of Title 46, Appendix. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see section 848 of Title 46, Appendix, and Tables.

The date of enactment of this subparagraph, referred to in subsec. (a)(4)(E), is the date of enactment of Pub. L. 96–296, which was approved July 1, 1980.

Amendments

1994—Subsec. (a)(4)(D)(ii). Pub. L. 103–272, §5(m)(21)(A), inserted "App." after "(46" in two places.

Subsec. (a)(4)(E). Pub. L. 103–272, §5(m)(21)(B), substituted "(46 App. U.S.C. 801 et seq.)" for "(46 U.S.C. 801 et seq.)" and "(46 App. U.S.C. 843 et seq.)" for "(46 U.S.C. 843–848)".

1986—Subsec. (a)(4)(E). Pub. L. 99–521 inserted "household goods" before "freight forwarder".

1984—Subsec. (a)(4)(D)(ii). Pub. L. 98–216 substituted "(46 U.S.C. 843 et seq.)" for "(46 U.S.C. 843–848)".

1983—Subsec. (a)(4)(D)(ii). Pub. L. 97–449 substituted "section 1 of the Shipping Act, 1916 (46 U.S.C. 801) or the Intercoastal Shipping Act, 1933 (46 U.S.C. 843–848)" for "section 801 or sections 843–848 of title 46".

1980—Subsec. (a)(4)(E). Pub. L. 96–296, §22(h), added subpar. (E).

Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 96–296, §22(a), inserted ", II (insofar as motor carriers of property are concerned)," after "subchapter I".

Effective Date of 1986 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 99–521 effective 60 days after Oct. 22, 1986, see section 15 of Pub. L. 99–521, set out as a note under section 10102 of this title.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in sections 10705, 11126 of this title.

§10704. Authority and criteria: rates, classifications, rules, and practices prescribed by Interstate Commerce Commission

(a)(1) When the Interstate Commerce Commission, after a full hearing, decides that a rate charged or collected by a carrier for transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter I of chapter 105 of this title, or that a classification, rule, or practice of that carrier, does or will violate this subtitle, the Commission may prescribe the rate (including a maximum or minimum rate, or both), classification, rule, or practice to be followed. The Commission may order the carrier to stop the violation. When a rate, classification, rule, or practice is prescribed under this subsection, the affected carrier may not publish, charge, or collect a different rate and shall adopt the classification and observe the rule or practice prescribed by the Commission.

(2) The Commission shall maintain and revise as necessary standards and procedures for establishing revenue levels for rail carriers providing transportation subject to its jurisdiction under that subchapter that are adequate, under honest, economical, and efficient management, to cover total operating expenses, including depreciation and obsolescence, plus a reasonable and economic profit or return (or both) on capital employed in the business. The Commission shall make an adequate and continuing effort to assist those carriers in attaining revenue levels prescribed under this paragraph. However, a rate, classification, rule, or practice of a rail carrier may be maintained at a particular level to protect the traffic of another carrier or mode of transportation only if the Commission finds that the rate or classification, or rule or practice related to it, reduces or would reduce the going concern value of the carrier charging the rate. Revenue levels established under this paragraph should—

(A) provide a flow of net income plus depreciation adequate to support prudent capital outlays, assure the repayment of a reasonable level of debt, permit the raising of needed equity capital, and cover the effects of inflation; and

(B) attract and retain capital in amounts adequate to provide a sound transportation system in the United States.


(3) The Commission shall conclude a proceeding under paragraph (2) of this subsection within 180 days after the effective date of the Staggers Rail Act of 1980 and thereafter as necessary.

(4) On the basis of the standards and procedures under paragraph (2) of this subsection, the Commission shall, within 180 days after the effective date of the Staggers Rail Act of 1980 and on an annual basis thereafter, determine which rail carriers are earning adequate revenues.

(b)(1) When the Commission decides that a rate charged or collected by—

(A) a motor common carrier for providing transportation subject to its jurisdiction under subchapter II of chapter 105 of this title by itself, with another motor common carrier, with a rail, express, or water common carrier, or any of them;

(B) a water common carrier for providing transportation subject to its jurisdiction under subchapter III of chapter 105 of this title; or

(C) a household goods freight forwarder for providing service subject to its jurisdiction under subchapter IV of chapter 105 of this title;


or that a classification, rule, or practice of that carrier, does or will violate this chapter, the Commission shall prescribe the rate (including a maximum or minimum rate, or both), classification, rule, or practice to be followed.

(2)(A) When prescribing a rate, classification, rule, or practice for transportation or service by common carriers other than by rail carrier, the Commission shall consider, among other factors, the effect of the prescribed rate, classification, rule, or practice on the movement of traffic by that carrier.

(B) When prescribing a rate, classification, rule, or practice for transportation or service by common carriers other than by rail carrier or motor carrier, the Commission shall consider, among other factors, the need for revenues that are sufficient, under honest, economical, and efficient management, to let the carrier provide that transportation or service.

(3) If the carrier is a motor or water common carrier or a household goods freight forwarder, the Commission shall also consider the need, in the public interest, of adequate and efficient transportation or service by that carrier at the lowest cost consistent with providing that transportation or service.

(4) If the carrier is a motor common carrier or a household goods freight forwarder, the Commission shall also consider the inherent advantages of transportation by motor common carrier or the inherent nature of household goods freight forwarding, respectively.

(c)(1) When the Commission finds that a minimum rate of a contract carrier for transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II or III of chapter 105 of this title, or a rule or practice related to the rate or the value of the service under it, violates this chapter or the transportation policy of section 10101 of this title, the Commission may prescribe the minimum rate, rule, or practice for the carrier that is desirable in the public interest and will promote that policy. In prescribing the rate, the Commission may not give a motor or water contract carrier an advantage or preference in competition with a motor or water common carrier, respectively, if an advantage or preference is unreasonable or inconsistent with the public interest and the transportation policy of section 10101 of this title.

(2) When prescribing a minimum rate, or rule or practice related to a rate, for a contract carrier, the Commission shall consider—

(A) the cost of the transportation provided by the carrier; and

(B) the effect of a prescribed minimum rate, or rule or practice, on the movement of traffic by that carrier.


(d) In a proceeding involving competition between carriers of different modes of transportation subject to this subtitle, except rail carriers, the Commission, in determining whether a rate is less than a reasonable minimum rate, shall consider the facts and circumstances involved in moving the traffic by the mode of carrier to which the rate is applicable. Subject to the transportation policy of section 10101 of this title, rates of a carrier may not be maintained at a particular level to protect the traffic of another mode of transportation.

(e) In a proceeding involving a proposed increase or decrease in rail carrier rates, the Commission shall specifically consider allegations that the increase or decrease would (1) change the rate relationships between commodities, ports, places, regions, areas, or other particular descriptions of traffic (without regard to previous Commission consideration or approval of those relationships), and (2) have a significant adverse effect on the competitive position of shippers or consignees served by the rail carrier proposing the increase or decrease. The Commission shall investigate to determine whether the change or effect violates this subtitle when it finds that those allegations are substantially supported on the record. The investigation may be made either before or after the proposed increase or decrease becomes effective and either in that proceeding or in another proceeding.

(f) The Commission may begin a proceeding under this section on its own initiative or on complaint. A complaint under subsection (a) of this section must be made under section 11701 of this title, but the proceeding may also be in extension of a complaint pending before the Commission. A complaint under subsection (c) of this section must contain a full statement of the facts and the reasons for the complaint and must be made under oath.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1373; Pub. L. 96–296, §13(b), July 1, 1980, 94 Stat. 803; Pub. L. 96–448, title II, §205(b), Oct. 14, 1980, 94 Stat. 1906; Pub. L. 97–261, §9(b), Sept. 20, 1982, 96 Stat. 1109; Pub. L. 99–521, §7(b), Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2994.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10704(a)(1) 49:15(1) (less words between 2d and 5th commas). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, §15(1), 24 Stat. 384; June 29, 1906, ch. 3591, §4, 34 Stat. 589; June 18, 1910, ch. 309, §12, 36 Stat. 551; restated Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §418, 41 Stat. 484; June 19, 1934, ch. 652, §602(b), 48 Stat. 1102; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543; Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §10(a), 54 Stat. 911.
10704(a)(2) 49:15a(1), (4). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §15a(1)–(5); added Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §422, 41 Stat. 488; June 16, 1933, ch. 91, §205, 48 Stat. 220; Aug. 12, 1958, Pub. L. 85–625, §6, 72 Stat. 572; Feb. 5, 1976, Pub. L. 94–210, §§203(b), 205, 90 Stat. 39, 41.
10704(b)(1) 49:316(e) (2d sentence less words between 2d and 3d commas, 2d cl., and proviso). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §216(e) (2d sentence less 2d cl., and less proviso), (i); added Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 558, 560; Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §22(d), 54 Stat. 924.
  49:907(b) (less words between 2d and 3d commas). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §307(b), (f), (h); added Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §201, 54 Stat. 937–939.
  49:1006(b) (less words between 2d and 3d commas). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §406(b), (d); added May 16, 1942, ch. 318, §1, 56 Stat. 288.
10704(b) (2)–(4) 49:15a(2).
  49:316(i).
  49:907(f).
  49:1006(d).
10704(c) 49:318(b) (less 1st sentence words between 2d and 3d commas, and less 3d sentence). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §218(b); added Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 562; restated Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §23(b), 54 Stat. 925.
  49:907(h) (less 1st sentence words between 2d and 3d commas, and less last sentence).
10704(d) 49:15a(3).
10704(e) 49:15a(5).
10704(f) 49:15(1) (words between 2d and 5th commas).
  49:316(e) (2d sentence words between 2d and 3d commas).
  49:318(b) (1st sentence words between 2d and 3d commas and last sentence).
  49:907(b) (words between 2d and 3d commas), (h) (1st sentence words between 2d and 3d commas and last sentence).
  49:1006(b) (words between 2d and 3d commas).

In this section, the text of 49:15a(1) is omitted as unnecessary in view of the definition of "rate" in section 10102 of the revised title and incorporation of the words "classification, rule, . . . practice" in the section. The word "rule" is substituted for "regulation" when referring to carriers for consistency. The words "individual and joint rate" are omitted as included in the word "rate".

In subsection (a)(1), the word "decides" is substituted for "is of the opinion" as being more appropriate. The word "demanded" is omitted as surplus. The word "transportation" is substituted for "the transportation of persons or property, as defined in section 1 of this title" for consistency in view of the definition of "transportation" in section 10102 of this title. The words "does or will violate this subtitle" are substituted for "is or will be unjust or unreasonable or unjustly discriminatory or unduly preferential or prejudicial, or otherwise in violation of any of the provisions of this chapter" for clarity since the criteria for lawfulness are consolidated in this chapter and in chapter 119 of the revised title. The word "may" is substituted for "is authorized and empowered" as being more appropriate. The words "to determine" are omitted as surplus. The words "just and reasonable" are omitted as unnecessary in view of section 10701 of the revised title. The word "stop" is substituted for "cease and desist" to eliminate redundancy. The words "to the extent to which the Commission finds that the same does or will exist" are omitted as surplus since section 10321 of the revised title requires the Commission to carry out the subtitle. The words "or in excess of the maximum or less than the minimum so prescribed" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement of section 49:15(1) in this subsection.

In subsection (a)(2), the words "for rail carriers" are substituted for "With respect to common carriers by railroad" for consistency. The words after the 2d comma and before the beginning parentheses in 49:15a(4) are omitted as executed. The word "maintain" is substituted for "and thereafter revise and maintain" to eliminate redundancy. The word "reasonable" is substituted for "fair, reasonable" as being inclusive. See the revision note to section 10101 of the revised title. The words "maintained at" are substituted for "be held up to" for clarity.

In subsection (b)(2), the words "after hearing" are omitted as unnecessary in view of subchapter II of chapter 103 of the revised title and subchapter II of chapter 5 of title 5. The words "lawful . . . thereafter to be made effective" are omitted as surplus. The words "when prescribing" are substituted for "In the exercise of its power to prescribe" for clarity. The words "just and reasonable" are omitted as unnecessary. The words "shall consider" are substituted for "shall give due consideration to" for clarity. The words between the 1st and last semicolons in 49:15a(2) (1st sentence) are omitted as repealed by section 205 of the Railroad Revitalization and Regulatory Reform Act of 1976 (90 Stat. 41).

In subsection (c), the words "transportation policy of section 10101 of this title" are substituted for "national transportation policy declared in this Act" for consistency. The word "violates" is substituted for "contravenes" and "in contravention" as being more appropriate. The words "as in its judgment may be" are omitted as surplus. The word "necessary" is omitted as surplus.

In subsection (d), the words "maintained at" are substituted for "held up to" for clarity. The word "unreasonable" is substituted for "undue" for clarity. See the revision note to section 10101 of the revised title. The last sentence of 49:15a(3) is omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement.

In subsection (e), the word "places" is substituted for "points" for consistency. The words "without regard to" are substituted for "whether or not" for clarity. The words "rail carrier" are substituted for "railroad" for clarity. The words "to determine whether the change or effect violates this subtitle" are substituted for "lawfulness of such change or effect" for consistency.

References in Text

The effective date of the Staggers Rail Act of 1980, referred to in subsec. (a)(3), (4), probably means Oct. 1, 1980, the general effective date of Pub. L. 96–448. See section 710 of Pub. L. 96–448, set out as an Effective Date of 1980 Amendment note under section 10101 of this title.

Amendments

1986—Subsec. (b)(1)(C), (3), (4). Pub. L. 99–521 inserted "household goods" before "freight forwarder" and "freight forwarding" wherever appearing.

1982—Subsec. (b)(2)(B). Pub. L. 97–261 struck out "of property" after "motor carrier".

1980—Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 96–448, §205(b)(1), inserted "and revise as necessary" after "shall maintain".

Subsec. (a)(3), (4). Pub. L. 96–448, §205(b)(2), added pars. (3) and (4).

Subsec. (b)(2). Pub. L. 96–296 revised par. (2) to exclude from provisions of subpar. (B) motor carriers of property.

Effective Date of 1986 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 99–521 effective 60 days after Oct. 22, 1986, see section 15 of Pub. L. 99–521, set out as a note under section 10102 of this title.

Effective Date of 1982 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 97–261 effective on 60th day after Sept. 20, 1982, see section 31(a) of Pub. L. 97–261, set out as a note under section 10101 of this title.

Effective Date of 1980 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 96–448 effective Oct. 1, 1980, see section 710(a) of Pub. L. 96–448, set out as a note under section 10101 of this title.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in sections 10701a, 10705a, 10707a, 11705 of this title.

§10705. Authority: through routes, joint classifications, rates, and divisions prescribed by Interstate Commerce Commission

(a)(1) The Interstate Commerce Commission may, and shall when it considers it desirable in the public interest, prescribe through routes, joint classifications, joint rates (including maximum or minimum rates or both), the division of joint rates, and the conditions under which those routes must be operated, for a common carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter I, II (except a motor common carrier of property), or III of chapter 105 of this title. When one of the carriers on a through route is a water carrier, the Commission shall prescribe a differential between an all-rail rate and a joint rate related to the water carrier if the differential is justified.

(2) The Commission may require a rail carrier to include in a through route substantially less than the entire length of its railroad and any intermediate railroad operated with it under common management or control if that intermediate railroad lies between the terminals of the through route only when—

(A) required under section 10741–10744 or 11103 of this title;

(B) one of the carriers is a water carrier;

(C) inclusion of those lines would make the through route unreasonably long when compared with a practicable alternative through route that could be established; or

(D) the Commission decides that the proposed through route is needed to provide adequate, and more efficient or economic, transportation.


The Commission shall give reasonable preference, subject to this subsection, to the rail carrier originating the traffic when prescribing through routes.

(3) The Commission may not prescribe—

(A) a through route, classification, practice, or rate between a street electric passenger railway not engaged in the general business of transporting freight in addition to its passenger and express business and (i) a rail carrier of a different character, or (ii) a water common carrier; or

(B) a through route or joint rate applicable to it to assist a participating carrier to meet its financial needs.


(b)(1) The Interstate Commerce Commission may, and shall when it considers it desirable in the public interest, prescribe through routes, joint classifications, joint rates (including maximum or minimum rates or both), the division of joint rates, and the conditions under which those routes must be operated, for a motor common carrier of property providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II of chapter 105 of this title with another such carrier or with a water common carrier of property.

(2) The Commission may not require a motor common carrier of property, without its consent, to include in a through route substantially less than the entire length of its route and the route of any intermediate carrier which is operated in conjunction and under common management or control with such motor common carrier of property which lies between the termini of such proposed through routes (A) unless inclusion of such routes would make the through route unreasonably circuitous as compared with another practicable through route which could otherwise be established, or (B) unless the Commission finds that the through route proposed to be established is needed in order to provide adequate, more efficient, or more economic transportation. In prescribing through routes the Commission shall, so far as is consistent with the public interest, and subject to the preceding sentence, give reasonable preference to the carrier which originates the traffic.

(c) The Commission shall prescribe the division of joint rates to be received by a carrier providing transportation subject to its jurisdiction under chapter 105 of this title when it decides that a division of joint rates established by the participating carriers under section 10703 of this title, or under a decision of the Commission under subsection (a) or (b) of this section, does or will violate section 10701 of this title. When prescribing the division of joint rates of a rail carrier, water carrier, or motor common carrier of property under this subsection, the Commission shall consider—

(1) the efficiency with which the carriers concerned are operated;

(2) the amount of revenue required by the carriers to pay their operating expenses and taxes and receive a fair return on the property held and used for transportation;

(3) the importance of the transportation to the public;

(4) whether a particular participating carrier is an originating, intermediate, or delivering line; and

(5) other circumstances that ordinarily, without regard to the mileage traveled, entitle one carrier to a different proportion of a rate than another carrier.


(d) If a division of a joint rate prescribed under a decision of the Commission is later found to violate section 10701 of this title, the Commission may decide what division would have been reasonable and order adjustment to be made retroactive to the date the complaint was filed, the date the order for an investigation was made, or a later date that the Commission decides is justified. The Commission may make a decision under this paragraph effective as part of its original decision.

(e) When the Commission suspends, for investigation, a tariff of a rail carrier, water common carrier, or motor common carrier of property that would cancel a through route, joint rate, or classification without the consent of all carriers that are parties to it or without authorization of the Commission, the carrier proposing the cancellation has the burden of proving that cancellation is consistent with the public interest without regard to subsection (a)(2) of this section. In determining whether a cancellation involving a rail carrier is consistent with the public interest, the Commission shall, to the extent applicable—

(1) compare the distance traveled and the average transportation time and expense required using (A) the through route, and (B) alternative routes, between the places served by the through route;

(2) consider any reduction in energy consumption that may result from cancellation; and

(3) consider the overall impact of cancellation on the shippers and carriers that are affected by it.


(f)(1) The Commission may begin a proceeding under subsection (a) or (b) of this section on its own initiative or on complaint. The Commission must complete all evidentiary proceedings to adjust the division of joint rates for transportation by a rail carrier within 9 months after the complaint is filed if the proceeding is brought on complaint or within 18 months after the commencement of a proceeding on the initiative of the Commission. The Commission must take final action by the 180th day after completion of the evidentiary proceedings, except that—

(A) when the proceeding involves a railroad in reorganization or a contention that the divisions at issue do not cover the variable costs of handling the traffic, the Commission shall give the proceedings preference over all other proceedings and shall take final action at the earliest practicable time, which in no event may exceed 100 days after the completion of the evidentiary proceedings; and

(B) in all cases other than those specified in subparagraph (A) of this paragraph, the Commission may decide to extend such a proceeding to permit its fair and expeditious completion, but whenever the Commission decides to extend a proceeding pursuant to this clause, it must report its reasons to Congress.


(2) When a carrier begins a proceeding to adjust the division of joint rates for transportation by a rail carrier under this section by filing a complaint with the Commission, the carrier must also file all of the evidence in support of its position with the complaint and, during the course of the proceeding may only file rebuttal or reply evidence unless otherwise ordered by the Commission.

(3) When the Commission receives a notice of intent to begin a proceeding to adjust the division of joint rates for transportation by a rail carrier under this section, the Commission shall allow the party filing the notice the same right to discovery that a party would have on filing a complaint under this section.

(g) When there is a shortage of equipment, congestion of traffic, or other emergency declared by the Commission, it may prescribe temporary through routes that are desirable in the public interest on its own initiative or on application without regard to subsection (f) of this section, subchapter II of chapter 103 of this title, and subchapter II of chapter 5 of title 5.

(h) Any motor common carrier of property who is a party to a through route and joint rate, whether established by such carrier under section 10703 of this title or prescribed by the Commission under subsection (b) of this section, shall promptly pay divisions or make interline settlements, as the case may be, with other carriers which are parties to such through route and joint rate. In the event of undue delinquency in the settlement of such divisions or interline settlements, such through routes and joint rates may be suspended or canceled under rules prescribed by the Commission.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1375; Pub. L. 96–296, §22(b)–(g), July 1, 1980, 94 Stat. 813; Pub. L. 96–448, title II, §218, Oct. 14, 1980, 94 Stat. 1925; Pub. L. 97–449, §5(g)(4), Jan. 12, 1983, 96 Stat. 2443.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10705(a)(1) 49:15(3) (1st sentence less words between 2d and 3d commas). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, §15(3), (4), (6), 24 Stat. 384; June 29, 1906, ch. 3591, §4, 34 Stat. 589; June 18, 1910, ch. 309, §12, 36 Stat. 551; Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §418, 41 Stat. 484; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543; Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §10(b), 54 Stat. 911; Feb. 5, 1976, Pub. L. 94–210, §§201, 203(a), 90 Stat. 34, 39.
  49:316(e) (2d sentence 2d cl. less words between 2d and 3d commas). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §216(e) (2d sentence 2d cl.), (f); added Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 558.
  49:907(d) (1st sentence less words between 2d and 3d commas, 2d sentence). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §307(d), (e); added Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §201, 54 Stat. 937.
10705(a)(2) 49:15(4) (1st sentence).
10705(a)(3) 49:15(3) (2d sentence), (4) (2d sentence).
  49:907(d) (3d sentence).
10705(b), (c) 49:15(6)(a) (less words between 2d and 3d commas in 1st sentence).
  49:316(f) (less words between 1st and 3d commas in 1st sentence).
  49:907(e) (less words between 1st and 2d commas in 1st sentence).
10705(d) 49:15(3) (less 1st and 2d sentences).
  49:907(d) (less 1st, 2d, and 3d sentences).
10705(e)(1) 49:15(3) (1st sentence words between 2d and 3d commas), (6)(a) (1st sentence words between 2d and 3d commas), (b), (c).
  49:316(e) (2d sentence words between 2d and 3d commas in 2d cl.), (f) (1st sentence words between 1st and 3d commas).
  49:907(d) (1st sentence words between 2d and 3d commas), (e) (1st sentence words between 1st and 2d commas).
10705(e)(2) 49:15(6)(d) (1st sentence).
10705(e)(3) 49:15(6)(d) (less 1st sentence).
10705(f) 49:15(4) (less 1st and 2d sentences).

Throughout the section, the word "rates" is substituted for "rates, fares, or charges" in view of the definition of "rate" in section 10102 of the revised title. The words "of passengers or property" are omitted as surplus. The word "conditions" is substituted for "terms" and "conditions" to eliminate redundancy.

In subsection (a)(1), the words "In case of a through route" in 49:907(d) are omitted as surplus.

In subsection (a)(2), the words "In establishing any such through route" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement. The words "required under section 10741–10744 or 11103 of this title" are substituted for "except as provided in section 3 of this title" as being more appropriate. The word "include" is substituted for "embrace" as being more appropriate. The words "in conjunction" are omitted as surplus. The last sentence is substituted for 49:15(4) (proviso) for clarity. The words "so far as is consistent with the public interest" are omitted as unnecessary because they are included in "subject to this subsection."

In subsection (b), the words "applicable to the transportation of passengers or property" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement. The words "unjust, unreasonable, inequitable, or unduly preferential or prejudicial" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the cross reference to section 10701 of the revised subtitle in which the standards for division of joint rates are restated. The words "by order" are omitted as surplus. The words "just, reasonable and equitable" are omitted as unnecessary in view of section 10701 of the revised title. Also, see the revision note to section 10101 of the revised title. The word "traveled" is substituted for "haul" for clarity. The words "in accordance therewith" are omitted as surplus. The words "when prescribing" are substituted for "prescribing" and "determining" for consistency. The word "due" is omitted as surplus. The words "for transportation" are substituted for "in the service of transportation" for consistency. The words "among other things" are omitted as surplus.

In subsection (c), the word "retroactive" is substituted for "for the period subsequent" for clarity.

In subsection (d), the word "tariff" is substituted for "tariff or schedule" for consistency and in view of the definition of "tariff" in section 10102 of the revised title. The word "involving" is substituted for "With respect to" as being more appropriate. The words "proposed cancellation" are omitted as being included in "cancellation". The word "places" is substituted for "points" as being more appropriate.

In subsection (e)(1), the words "full hearing" are substituted for "hearing" in 49:316(f) (1st sentence words between 1st and 3d commas) 907(e) (1st sentence words between 1st and 2d commas) for consistency. The words "The Commission may decide to extend" are substituted for "unless the Commission finds that . . . must be extended" in 49:15(6)(c) for clarity. The words "shall issue" in 49:15(6)(c) are omitted as surplus. The 1st sentence of 49:15(6)(b) is omitted as executed. The words "must take final action by the 270th day after completion of the evidentiary proceedings" are substituted for "shall issue a final order . . . within 270 days after the submission to the Commission of a case" for clarity. See, report of the committee of conference on S. 2718 (S. Rep. 94–595), pages 144–145.

In subsection (e)(2) and (3), the words "whether prescribed by the Commission or otherwise established" are omitted as surplus. The words "also file . . . with the complaint" are substituted for "attach thereto" as being more appropriate. The word "allow" is substituted for "accord" for clarity.

In subsection (f), the word "When" is substituted for "In time of" for clarity. The cross reference to subchapter II of chapter 103 of the revised title and to title 5 are substituted for "at once, if it so orders, without answer or other formal pleadings by the interested carrier or carriers, and with or without notice, hearing,  or  the  making  or  filing  of  a  report"  for  consistency.

Amendments

1983—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 97–449 substituted "title" for "subtitle" after "chapter 105 of this".

1980—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 96–296, §22(b), added subsec. (b). Former subsec. (b) redesignated (c).

Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 96–296, §22(b), (c), redesignated former subsec. (b) as (c), inserted "or (b)" after "subsection (a)", and substituted "carrier, water carrier, or motor common carrier of property" for "or water carrier". Former subsec. (c) redesignated (d).

Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 96–296, §22(b), redesignated former subsec. (c) as (d). Former subsec. (d) redesignated (e).

Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 96–296, §22(b), (d), redesignated former subsec. (d) as (e) and substituted "a tariff of a rail carrier, water common carrier, or motor common carrier of property" for "a rail or water common carrier tariff". Former subsec. (e) redesignated (f).

Subsec. (f)(1). Pub. L. 96–448, §218(b), struck out subpar. (B) which provided that provisions of this paragraph imposing time limitations upon Commission action not apply to any division proceeding involving a joint rate participated in by a class III rail carrier, redesignated former subpar. (A) as par. (1), and in par. (1) as so redesignated, redesignated former cls. (i) and (ii) as subpars. (A) and (B), respectively, and in subpar. (B) as so redesignated, substituted "subparagraph (A) of this paragraph" for "clause (i) of this subparagraph".

Pub. L. 96–448, §218(a), substituted in par. (1) provision authorizing the Commission to begin proceedings under subsecs. (a) or (b) of this section on its own initiative or on complaint, to complete all evidentiary proceedings within 9 months after a complaint is filed or 18 months if the Commission acted on its own initiative, and to take final action by the 180th day after completion of all evidentiary proceedings, with specific exceptions, and exempting from the time limits imposed on Commission action in any division proceeding involving a joint rate participated in by a class III rail carrier for provision authorizing the Commission to begin a proceeding under subsecs. (a), (b), or (c) of this section on its own initiative or own complaint, to take action only after a full hearing, to complete all evidentiary proceedings within one year after a complaint is filed or two years if the Commission acted on its own initiative, and to take final action by the 270th day after completion of the evidentiary proceedings.

Pub. L. 96–296, §22(b), (e), redesignated former subsec. (e) as (f) and substituted in par. (1) "subsection (a), (b), or (c)" for "subsection (a) or (b)". Former subsec. (f) redesignated (g).

Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 96–296, §22(b), (g), redesignated former subsec. (f) as (g) and substituted "subsection (f)" for "subsection (e)".

Subsec. (h). Pub. L. 96–296, §22(f), added subsec. (h).

Effective Date of 1980 Amendment

Amendment by section 218(a) of Pub. L. 96–448 effective Oct. 1, 1980, and amendment by section 218(b) of Pub. L. 96–448 effective Oct. 1, 1983, see section 710(a), (c) of Pub. L. 96–448, set out as a note under section 10101 of this title.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in sections 10705a, 10910, 11705 of this title.

§10705a. Joint rate surcharges and cancellations

(a)(1)(A) Except as provided in subparagraph (B) of this paragraph, a rail carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under subchapter I of chapter 105 of this title may publish and apply a surcharge increasing or decreasing the through charge applicable to any movement between points designated by the surcharging carrier subject to a joint rate. Such a surcharge may be applied without the concurrence of the other carriers that are party in such joint rate.

(B) A carrier earning adequate revenues, as determined under section 10704(a)(2) of this title, may not apply such a surcharge to any movement on a line operated by such carrier which carried more than 3,000,000 gross ton miles of traffic per mile in the preceding calendar year.

(C) Any surcharge applied pursuant to this subsection must be applied in equal dollar amounts to the movement subject to the surcharge over all routes between the points designated by the surcharging carrier which such carrier participates in under the joint rate involved, and when the surcharge increases the through charges, under any of such carrier's single line rates between the same points.

(2)(A) Whenever a rail carrier applies a surcharge increasing a through charge pursuant to paragraph (1) of this subsection, any other rail carrier that participates in any movement subject to such surcharge may cancel the application of such surcharge to any route participated in by such other carrier, if such carrier makes the demonstration described in subparagraph (B) of this paragraph.

(B) A rail carrier may cancel the application of a surcharge under this paragraph if such carrier demonstrates to the Commission that the surcharging carrier's share of the revenues, at the time the surcharge was filed with the Commission, from its participation in the movement over the route involved would have been equal to or greater than 110 percent of its variable costs of providing service over such route, under either—

(i) the applicable joint rate in effect at the time the surcharge was filed with the Commission, without the surcharge;

(ii) a new rate division increasing the share of the surcharging carrier;

(iii) a new higher lawful rate published by the canceling carrier; or

(iv) a new, lesser surcharge which shall be prescribed by the Commission upon and in conformity with the request of the carrier proposing to cancel the surcharge. Any such prescribed surcharge shall, in conjunction with the surcharging carrier's division of the joint rate in effect on the date the original surcharge was filed with the Commission, provide the carrier proposing the original surcharge revenues equal to or greater than 110 percent of such surcharging carrier's variable cost of providing service over such route.


(C)(i) The canceling tariff shall only become effective if the rail carrier proposing to cancel the application of the surcharge makes the demonstration described in subparagraph (B) of this paragraph.

(ii) If the demonstration described in clause (i) of this subparagraph is made on the basis of the applicable joint rate in effect at the time the surcharge was filed with the Commission, without the surcharge, the tariff shall become effective on one day's notice after such determination is made.

(iii) If the demonstration described in clause (i) of this subparagraph is made on the basis of a new rate, division, or surcharge prescribed pursuant to subparagraph (B)(iv) of this paragraph, the tariff shall become effective on the date such new rate, division, or surcharge becomes effective.

(D) The remedy available to a rail carrier canceling the application of a surcharge under this paragraph shall be in addition to any other remedy available to such carrier under this chapter.

(3)(A) The Commission may cancel the application of a surcharge to a route to which such surcharge applies if a shipper moving traffic over such route demonstrates to the Commission that—

(i) there is no competitive alternative to such route for the movement of the traffic involved that is not subject to such surcharge; and

(ii) the surcharging carrier's share of the revenues from its participation in the movement over the route to which such surcharge applies, under the applicable joint rate in effect at the time the surcharge was filed with the Commission, with the surcharge, would be greater than 110 percent of its variable cost of providing service over such route.


(B) If the Commission cancels the application of a surcharge to a particular route pursuant to subparagraph (A) of this paragraph, the Commission shall determine the level of surcharge which, in conjunction with the surcharging carrier's division of the joint rate in effect at the time the surcharge was filed with the Commission, would equal 110 percent of the surcharging carrier's variable cost of providing service over such route, and shall authorize such carrier immediately to apply such a surcharge without any further proceedings under this subsection.

(4) A rail carrier may not apply a surcharge under this subsection unless, for the one-year period preceding the surcharge, such carrier has concurred in all rate increases of general applicability applicable to the joint rate to which such surcharge applies and agreed to by all other carriers that are party to such joint rate.

(5) A rail carrier may not apply a surcharge under this subsection increasing a through charge applicable to a particular movement more than once each calendar year.

(6) Notwithstanding any other provision of this subsection, a rail carrier may, by tariff, reduce the total charges applicable to a movement over any specific joint line or single line route or routes in which such carrier participates, if such reduction does not lower the total charges applicable to such movement to a level that is less than the lowest total charges applicable to the same movement over a competing route. Any such reduction may be made without the concurrence of any other rail carrier, and shall be borne solely by the carrier reducing the charge. Nothing in this paragraph shall be construed to limit the right of a carrier to reduce rates over routes not in direct competition between the same points with routes to which it has applied a surcharge.

(b)(1) Notwithstanding subsection (a) of this section—

(A) a rail carrier not earning adequate revenues, as determined under section 10704(a)(2) of this title, may publish and apply a surcharge applicable to traffic originating or terminating upon any of its lines that carried less than 3,000,000 gross ton miles of traffic per mile in the most recent calendar year for which traffic data is available; and

(B) a rail carrier earning adequate revenues, as so determined, may publish and apply a surcharge applicable to traffic originating or terminating upon any of its lines that carried less than 1,000,000 gross ton miles of traffic per mile in such most recent calendar year.


Such a surcharge may be applied without the concurrence of any rail carrier. Any such surcharge may be allocated, subject to the provisions of paragraph (4) of this subsection, in different amounts among different movements between different origins and destinations, and shall accrue solely to the surcharging carrier.

(2) A rail carrier may apply a surcharge under this subsection if, prior to the application of such surcharge, that portion of the charges applicable to traffic to and from the line to which the surcharge applies and accruing to the surcharging carrier does not provide such carrier revenues adequate to cover—

(A) 110 percent of such carrier's variable cost of transporting the traffic involved to or from such line; plus

(B) 100 percent of such carrier's reasonably expected costs of continuing to operate such line, which shall include all costs necessary to sustain service on the line.


The Commission shall, within 120 days after the effective date of the Staggers Rail Act of 1980, complete a proceeding to define the term "reasonably expected costs" as used in subparagraph (B) of this paragraph. In the interim, the term shall be construed in accordance with Rail Services Planning Office subsidy standards.

(3)(A) Upon petition of a shipper located upon a line to which a surcharge under this subsection is applied, the Commission may cancel the application of a surcharge under this subsection if such shipper demonstrates to the Commission that, after application of the surcharge, the surcharging carrier's revenues from all traffic originating or terminating upon the line to which the surcharge applies exceed 110 percent of such carrier's variable cost of transporting all traffic to or from such line plus such carrier's reasonably expected costs of continuing to operate such line.

(B)(i) A rail carrier's revenue from all traffic originating or terminating upon a line shall be presumed to exceed 110 percent of its variable cost of transporting all traffic to or from such line plus its reasonably expected costs of continuing to operate such line if the complaining shipper demonstrates that the carrier is earning revenues from all traffic originating or terminating upon such line that result in a revenue-variable cost percentage that is equal to or greater than the revenue-variable cost percentage applicable in that year under section 10709(d) of this title.

(ii) A surcharging carrier may rebut the presumption set forth in clause (i) of this subparagraph by demonstrating to the Commission that its reasonably expected costs for operating the line to which the surcharge applies exceed the percentage of variable cost set forth in such clause (i).

(C) Upon a finding by the Commission that application of the surcharge will produce revenues in excess of 110 percent of the surcharging carrier's variable cost of transporting traffic to or from the line plus its reasonably expected costs for operating the line, the Commission shall determine the level of surcharge which would produce revenues equal to such figure and shall authorize such carrier immediately to apply such surcharges as will generate such revenues without any further proceedings, subject only to the right of a shipper to proceed under paragraph (4) of this subsection.

(4)(A) A rail carrier may not apply a surcharge under this subsection that results in any shipper being required to bear more than a reasonable proportion of the reasonably expected costs of continuing to operate the line to which such surcharge applies.

(B) Upon complaint of a shipper, the Commission shall determine whether the shipper is being required to bear more than a reasonable proportion of the costs described in subparagraph (A) of this paragraph.

(C) If the Commission finds that a complaining shipper is being required to bear more than a reasonable proportion of the costs described in subparagraph (A) of this paragraph, the Commission may reallocate the surcharge among the traffic originating or terminating on the line to which the surcharge applies, but may not order relief which would result in the surcharging carrier earning revenues less than those which the carrier would have earned had the surcharge been applied as filed.

(5) A shipper may, in a single complaint, seek relief under paragraphs (3) and (4) of this subsection. In any such complaint, the Commission shall first determine the right to relief under paragraph (3) and shall grant such relief as is appropriate under such paragraph.

(6) In any proceeding brought before the Commission challenging the application or amount of a surcharge under this subsection, whether the surcharge is claimed to violate this subsection or some other provision of this chapter, the Commission shall not suspend the application of any such surcharge unless the person filing the verified statement required by section 10707(c) of this title, in addition to the matters required by such section, also makes the demonstration required by paragraph (3)(A) of this subsection. If the demonstration required by such paragraph (3)(A) is made, the Commission may suspend the application of only so much of the surcharge as will produce revenues in excess of the amount so demonstrated.

(c)(1) Notwithstanding any other provision of this title, any prior agreement in effect on the effective date of the Staggers Rail Act of 1980, or any requirement of the Commission, a rail carrier may cancel the application of a joint rate to a through route in which it participates, without the concurrence of any other rail carrier that is a party to such joint rate, unless another rail carrier that participates in such through route or a shipper that has no competitive alternative to such route makes the demonstration described in paragraph (2) of this subsection.

(2) The application of a joint rate to a through route may not be canceled under this subsection if a rail carrier that participates in such through route or a shipper that has no competitive alternative to such route from an origin or destination served by such route demonstrates to the Commission that the canceling carrier's share of the revenues, under the joint rate in effect at the time the application of the joint rate is canceled, is equal to or greater than—

(A) 110 percent of the canceling carrier's variable cost of providing service over such route; or

(B) such lesser percent of the canceling carrier's variable cost as such carrier earns over a competing through route to which application of the joint rate has not been canceled, or over a competing single line route.


(3) When a complaining party is unable to make the demonstration required by paragraph (2) of this subsection, the Commission may suspend the tariff canceling the joint rate only if—

(A) a complaining carrier publishes a new rate division or a new higher lawful rate which increases the canceling carrier's share of the revenues over such route to the amount calculated under paragraph (2)(A) or (2)(B) of this subsection, whichever is less; or

(B) a complaining carrier or shipper petitions the Commission and the Commission imposes a surcharge, in conformity with such petition, upon the joint rate which will accrue solely to the canceling carrier and which, in conjunction with the canceling carrier's division of the joint rate in effect on the date the tariff canceling the joint rate was filed, will provide the canceling carrier revenues equal to or greater than 110 percent of its variable cost of providing service over such route.


Unless a new rate, division, or surcharge described in this paragraph becomes effective within 120 days after the proposed effective date of the rate cancellation, the canceling tariff shall, nevertheless, become effective.

(4) If the demonstration described in paragraph (2) is made or a new rate, division, or surcharge described in paragraph (3) becomes effective, the tariff canceling the joint rate shall be considered by the Commission in accordance with section 10705 of this title. The existing joint rate or the new rate division, or surcharge, shall remain in effect during the pendency of the Commission's consideration.

(5) Whenever the application of a joint rate to a through route is canceled under this subsection and a rate other than a joint rate is or has been published by the canceling carrier to apply to such route, such rate shall thereafter apply in lieu of all other rates (except joint rates subsequently agreed to by such carrier) and any through rate of which such rate is a factor shall divide as the separate factors of such rate are made.

(6) Nothing in this subsection shall be construed to limit the authority of the Commission under section 10705(a) of this title to prescribe joint rates which provide a rail carrier participating in such joint rate revenues equal to or greater than 110 percent of its variable cost of providing service over each route to which such rate applies.

(d)(1) Except as provided in paragraph (2) of this subsection, any increase or decrease in revenue resulting from the application of a surcharge under subsection (a) of this section, or from the cancellation of the application of a joint rate under subsection (c) of this section, shall accrue solely to or be borne solely by the carrier applying the surcharge or canceling the application of the joint rate, as the case may be.

(2) Whenever a class III rail carrier which participates in a through route to which a surcharge has been applied under subsection (a) of this section by a carrier operating in the same rate territory as such class III carrier demonstrates to the Commission that the application of such surcharge to such route provides, in the absence of any increase in the joint rate in effect on the date the surcharge was filed with the Commission, revenues from traffic moving over such route to such surcharging carrier in excess of 110 percent of its variable costs over such route, such surcharging carrier shall, from the date of such demonstration, share those revenues from such route, from the surcharge and the applicable joint rate in effect on the date the surcharge was filed with the Commission, in excess of 110 percent of its variable costs with all class III rail carriers in the same rate territory participating in such route, on the basis of their existing divisions of the joint rate to which the surcharge applies.

(e)(1) Except as provided in paragraph (2) of this subsection, whenever a rail carrier proposes to apply a surcharge under subsection (a) of this section or to cancel the application of a joint rate under subsection (c) of this section and another rail carrier subsequently agrees to a new rate division or a new lawful rate that increases the surcharging or canceling carrier's share of the total through charges for a movement over a particular through route subject to a joint rate, such other rail carrier shall also agree to any other new rate division and new lawful rate—

(A) that is proposed within 120 days after the date of the first agreement; and

(B) that increases the surcharging or canceling carrier's share of the total through charges for movements over a competing through route subject to such joint rate.


(2) A rail carrier shall not be required to agree under this subsection to any proposed new division or new rate which would—

(A) reduce such carrier's share of the total through charges for a movement over any through route to less than (i) 110 percent of its variable costs of providing service over such route, or (ii) such lesser percent of its variable costs as such carrier earns from such movement over a competing through route with respect to which such carrier has agreed to a new division or rate;

(B) increase the surcharging or canceling carrier's share of the total through charges for a movement over any through route to an amount in excess of 110 percent of its variable costs of providing service over such route;

(C) reduce such carrier's share of the total through charges for a movement over any through route by a dollar amount in excess of the greatest dollar reduction which such carrier has agreed to make, for purposes of increasing the surcharging or canceling carrier's share, to its share of the total through charges for a movement over any competing through route; or

(D) reduce such carrier's share of the total through charges for a movement over any through route in an amount in excess of such carrier's pro rata share (based on established divisions for movements over such route) of the increase of the surcharging or canceling carrier's share of the total through charges for movements over such route.


(f) A rail carrier applying a surcharge or canceling the application of a joint rate under this section shall file a tariff with the Commission in accordance with section 10762 of this title. Such a tariff may not become effective until the expiration of the 45-day period (or such longer period as the filing carrier specifies) beginning on the date such tariff is filed.

(g)(1) Any rail rate to which a surcharge is applied under this section shall be subject to section 10701a and 10709 of this title, and any such surcharge shall constitute a rate increase for purposes of such sections.

(2) For purposes of rate regulation under section 10701a of this title

(A) only the rail carrier proposing a surcharge under this section shall be required to defend such surcharge; and

(B) the reasonableness of the surcharge and the revenues received by the rail carrier proposing the surcharge under the joint rate to which the surcharge applies shall be determined without regard to amount received and services performed by other rail carriers that are party to such joint rate.


(3) Except as provided in subsection (i), (j), or (k) of this section, if the application of a surcharge or the cancellation of the application of a joint rate under this section is found to constitute a violation of any provision of this subtitle, such violation shall not be ordered remedied in any manner which—

(A) requires the carrier applying a surcharge under subsection (a) of this section or canceling the application of a joint rate under subsection (c) of this section to provide service over any route under a rate that provides revenues to such carrier that are less than 110 percent of its variable costs of providing such service; or

(B) which requires the carrier applying a surcharge under subsection (b) of this section to provide service over the route to which such surcharge applies in a manner that provides revenues to such carrier that are less than 110 percent of such carrier's variable cost of transporting the traffic involved to or from the line to which the surcharge applies, plus such carrier's reasonably expected costs of providing service over such line.


(h) Within 5 days after the request of a rail carrier participating in a joint rate subject to a surcharge or cancellation under this section, a shipper moving traffic over a route to which such surcharge or cancellation applies, or an affected port, the Commission shall make available to such carrier, shipper, or port the Commission's determination of the variable costs and revenues, over the route or routes to which the surcharge or cancellation applies, of the carrier applying the surcharge or canceling the application of the joint rate.

(i)(1) Whenever a class III rail carrier, in a protest filed with the Commission, makes a prima facie showing that the application of a surcharge under subsection (a) of this section or the cancellation of the application of a joint rate under subsection (c) of this section will have an adverse effect on competition, the Commission shall investigate such protest. If, on the basis of such investigation, the Commission finds that the protested surcharge or cancellation is or is intended to be anticompetitive, the Commission shall, within 30 days after the date such protest is filed, enter an order rescinding such surcharge or cancellation, and may, on presentation of an adequate record, prescribe new joint rates or divisions of joint rates.

(2) No order prescribed under this subsection shall require a carrier to provide service over any route under a rate which provides revenues less than 110 percent of the variable cost of providing such service unless the Commission determines that the public interest requires a lesser revenue to variable cost ratio to avoid anticompetitive action and to preserve service on the route involved.

(j)(1) Any class III rail carrier which originates or terminates traffic subject to the application of a surcharge under subsection (a) of this section or the cancellation of the application of a joint rate under subsection (c) of this section may protest such surcharge or cancellation whenever—

(A) such surcharge or cancellation affects the sole remaining route available to that carrier for that traffic; and

(B)(i) such carrier demonstrates that alternative transportation is available or that a shipper dependent on that carrier will suffer significant market loss because of such surcharge or cancellation; or

(ii) such surcharge or cancellation, alone or when considered in conjunction with other surcharges or cancellations affecting the carrier, is likely to unduly impair a carrier's ability to earn an adequate rate of return.


(2)(A) The Commission may, after an investigation on the basis of a protest under this subsection, prescribe a lesser surcharge or a different division of the joint rate. The Commission shall grant the surcharging or canceling carrier revenues not less than 110 percent of its variable cost of the movement involved, unless it determines that the public interest requires a lesser revenue to variable cost ratio to preserve service on the route involved. Any action by the Commission based on a protest under this subsection shall be taken within 30 days after the date such protest is filed.

(B) If the Commission prescribes a different division of a joint rate under this paragraph, the Commission shall, upon petition of the surcharging or canceling carrier or the protesting class III rail carrier, reopen the proceeding in which such division was prescribed to reconsider whether such prescribed division is reasonable. If, on the basis of such reconsideration, the Commission determines that such division is not reasonable, it shall prescribe a new, reasonable division of the joint rate to which the surcharge or cancellation applied.

(k)(1) Upon the complaint of a class III rail carrier which originates or terminates traffic subject to the application of a surcharge under subsection (a) of this section or the cancellation of the application of a joint rate under subsection (c) of this section that such surcharge or cancellation will result in differences or greater differences in rates, including any surcharges, for the traffic to which the surcharge or cancellation applies over different routes in which the surcharging or canceling carrier participates—

(A) from a single origin point to destination points within a 75 mile direct radius from the destination point on such class III rail carrier; or

(B) to a single destination point from origin points within a 75 mile direct radius from the origin point on such class III rail carrier,


the Commission shall investigate such complaint and shall, within 30 days after the date such complaint is filed, take such actions, including rescinding surcharges or cancellations or prescribing new joint rates or surcharges, as it determines are required to eliminate such differences in rates, unless it finds that such actions are not warranted by the public interest in ensuring effective competition among rail carriers or in the preservation of rail service on the route involved.

(2) No action taken by the Commission under this subsection shall require a carrier to provide service over any route under a rate which provides a revenue to variable cost ratio over such route less than that provided under the joint rate to which the surcharge or cancellation was applied or less than 110 percent, whichever is greater, unless the Commission determines that the public interest in ensuring effective competition among rail carriers or in preserving service over such route warrants requiring the surcharging or canceling carrier to provide service at a lesser revenue to variable cost ratio.

(3) Notwithstanding subsection (m)(1) of this section, if, in a proceeding under this subsection or under subsection (i) or (j) of this section, the Commission considers whether to require the revenues of a carrier applying a surcharge under subsection (a) of this section or canceling the application of a joint rate under subsection (c) of this section to be less than 110 percent of its variable costs (as calculated using the Commission's Rail Form A cost finding methodology), such surcharging or canceling carrier may prove its actual variable costs on the basis of evidence other than unadjusted costs calculated using such Rail Form A cost finding methodology. Such evidence shall be prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.

(l) Whenever the application of a joint rate to a through route is canceled under subsection (c) of this section, the Commission shall, upon petition by a class II or III rail carrier participating in such route, prescribe a new compensatory through rate or rates over such route within 30 days after the date such petition is filed.

(m) For purposes of this section—

(1) variable costs for a class I rail carrier shall be determined only by using such carrier's unadjusted costs, calculated using the Commission's Rail Form A cost finding methodology (or an alternative methodology adopted by the Commission in lieu thereof) and indexed quarterly to account for current wage and price levels in the region in which the carrier operates;

(2) variable costs for a rail carrier other than class I shall be presumed to be the average variable costs of all class I rail carriers in the region in which such carrier operates (as determined under paragraph (1) of this subsection) unless a rail carrier rebuts such presumption with other proof of variable costs; and

(3) at the option of a carrier applying a surcharge or canceling the application of a joint rate under this section, revenue share may be determined by reference to past revenue settlements actually made in the most recent calendar year by connecting lines.


(n) Surcharges applied under subsection (a) or (c) of this section and cancellations under subsection (c) of this section shall not be subject to the provisions of section 10726(a)(1)(B) of this title.

(o) The Special Counsel of the Commission may, consistent with the rail transportation policy in section 10101a of this title, provide assistance to class III rail carriers and small businesses in preparing actions under this section.

(p)(1) The authority to apply a surcharge under subsection (a) of this section, and (except as provided in paragraph (2)) the authority to cancel such a surcharge, shall expire 3 years after the effective date of the Staggers Rail Act of 1980 unless extended for one additional year by the Commission upon petition of any rail carrier and for good cause shown.

(2) Any surcharge lawfully applied under subsection (a) of this section shall remain in effect in accordance with its terms following the expiration of the provisions of this section. Any such surcharge applied during the 45-day period immediately preceding the date of the expiration of the provisions of this section shall, notwithstanding such expiration, be subject to cancellation under subsection (a)(2) or (a)(3) of this section during the 45-day period beginning on the date such surcharge is applied.

(Added Pub. L. 96–448, title II, §217(a)(1), Oct. 14, 1980, 94 Stat. 1916; amended Pub. L. 103–272, §4(j)(20), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1369.)

References in Text

The effective date of the Staggers Rail Act of 1980, referred to in subsecs. (b)(2), (c)(1), and (p)(1), probably means Oct. 1, 1980, the general effective date of Pub. L. 96–448. See section 710 of Pub. L. 96–448, set out as an Effective Date of 1980 Amendment note under section 10101 of this title.

Amendments

1994—Subsec. (g)(3). Pub. L. 103–272, §4(j)(20)(A), substituted "provision of this subtitle" for "provision of this title" in introductory provisions.

Subsec. (g)(3)(A). Pub. L. 103–272, §4(j)(20)(B), substituted "service over any route" for "service over any rate".

Effective Date

Section effective Oct. 1, 1980, see section 710(a) of Pub. L. 96–448, set out as an Effective Date of 1980 Amendment note under section 10101 of this title.

Classification of Rail Carriers

Section 217(b) of Pub. L. 96–448 provided that: "For purposes of section 10705a of title 49, United States Code, the Interstate Commerce Commission shall classify all rail carriers on the basis of revenues, shall from time to time review its regulations setting forth revenue-based classifications for rail carriers, and shall make appropriate changes in such regulations in order to reflect inflation. The Commission shall not reclassify switching and terminal carriers, or any other rail carriers not classified on the basis of revenues on the effective date of this Act [Oct. 1, 1980], for any purpose other than for purposes of such section 10705a."

Adequacy in Addressing Joint Rate Problems of Rail Carriers; Report to Congress

Section 217(c)(2) of Pub. L. 96–448 directed Interstate Commerce Commission, within 2 years after Oct. 1, 1980, to submit a report to Congress with respect to whether provisions of section 10705a of this title had adequately addressed the joint rate problems of rail carriers, the report to include such recommendations with respect to such joint rate problems as the Commission considered necessary and appropriate.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in sections 10709, 10741 of this title.

§10706. Rate agreements: exemption from antitrust laws

(a)(1) In this subsection—

(A) "affiliate" means a person controlling, controlled by, or under common control or ownership with another person and "ownership" refers to equity holdings in a business entity of at least 5 percent.

(B) "single-line rate" refers to a rate or allowance proposed by a single rail carrier that is applicable only over its line and for which the transportation (exclusive of terminal services by switching, drayage or other terminal carriers or agencies) can be provided by that carrier.

(C) "practicably participates in that movement" shall have such meaning as the Commission shall by regulation prescribe.


(2)(A) A rail carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under subchapter I of chapter 105 of this title that is a party to an agreement of at least 2 rail carriers or an agreement with a class of carriers referred to in subsection (d)(1)(B)–(E) of this section, that relates to rates (including charges between rail carriers and compensation paid or received for the use of facilities and equipment), classifications, divisions, or rules related to them, or procedures for joint consideration, initiation, publication, or establishment of them, shall apply to the Commission for approval of that agreement under this subsection. The Commission shall approve the agreement only when it finds that the making and carrying out of the agreement will further the transportation policy of section 10101a of this title and may require compliance with conditions necessary to make the agreement further that policy as a condition of its approval. If the Commission approves the agreement, it may be made and carried out under its terms and under the conditions required by the Commission, and the Sherman Act (15 U.S.C. 1, et seq.), the Clayton Act (15 U.S.C. 12, et seq.), the Federal Trade Commission Act (15 U.S.C. 41, et seq.), sections 73 and 74 of the Wilson Tariff Act (15 U.S.C. 8 and 9), and the Act of June 19, 1936, as amended (15 U.S.C. 13, 13a, 13b, 21a) do not apply to parties and other persons with respect to making or carrying out the agreement. However, the Commission may not approve or continue approval of an agreement when the conditions required by it are not met or if it does not receive a verified statement under subparagraph (B) of this paragraph.

(B) The Commission may approve an agreement under subparagraph (A) of this paragraph only when the carriers applying for approval file a verified statement with the Commission. Each statement must specify for each rail carrier that is a party to the agreement—

(i) the name of the carrier;

(ii) the mailing address and telephone number of its headquarter's office; and

(iii) the names of each of its affiliates and the names, addresses, and affiliates of each of its officers and directors and of each person, together with an affiliate, owning or controlling any debt, equity, or security interest in it having a value of at least $1,000,000.


(3)(A) An organization established or continued under an agreement approved under this subsection shall make a final disposition of a rule or rate docketed with it by the 120th day after the proposal is docketed. Such an organization may not—

(i) permit a rail carrier to discuss, to participate in agreements related to, or to vote on single line rates proposed by another rail carrier, except that for purposes of general rate increases and broad tariff changes only, if the Commission finds at any time that the implementation of this clause is not feasible, it may delay or suspend such implementation in whole or in part;

(ii) permit a rail carrier to discuss, to participate in agreements related to, or to vote on rates related to a particular interline movement unless that rail carrier practicably participates in that movement; or

(iii) if there are interline movements over two or more routes between the same end points, permit a carrier to discuss, to participate in agreements related to, or to vote on rates except with a carrier which forms part of a particular single route. This clause shall take effect on January 1, 1984, or on such earlier date as the Commission determines. If the Commission finds at any time that the implementation of this clause is not feasible, it may delay or suspend such implementation in whole or in part.


(B) Until January 1, 1984, subparagraph (A)(ii) and (A)(iii) of this paragraph do not apply to—

(i) general rate increases to cover inflationary cost increases, or general rate decreases, for joint rates if the agreement gives shippers, under specified procedures, at least 15 days notice of the proposal and an opportunity to present comments on it before a tariff containing the increases or decreases is filed with the Commission; or

(ii) broad tariff changes that are of at least substantially general application throughout the area where the changes will apply, except single line rates where subparagraph (A)(i) of this paragraph prohibits the participation of carriers with single line rates.


If the Commission finds at any time that the implementation of this subparagraph is not feasible, it may delay or suspend such implementation in whole or in part.

(C)(i) In any proceeding in which a party alleges that a rail carrier voted or agreed on a rate or allowance in violation of this subsection, that party has the burden of showing that the vote or agreement occurred. A showing of parallel behavior does not satisfy that burden by itself.

(ii) In any proceeding in which it is alleged that a carrier was a party to an agreement, conspiracy, or combination in violation of a Federal law cited in subsection (a)(2)(A) of this section or of any similar State law, proof of an agreement, conspiracy, or combination may not be inferred from evidence that two or more carriers acted together with respect to an interline rate or related matter and that a party to such action took similar action with respect to a rate or related matter on another route or traffic. In any proceeding in which such a violation is alleged, evidence of a discussion or agreement between or among such carrier and one or more other carriers, or of any rate or other action resulting from such discussion or agreement, shall not be admissible if the discussion or agreement—

(I) was in accordance with an agreement approved under paragraph (2) of this subsection; or

(II) concerned an interline movement of the carrier, and the discussion or agreement would not, considered by itself, violate the laws referred to in the first sentence of this clause.


In any proceeding before a jury, the court shall determine whether the requirements of clause (I) or (II) are satisfied before allowing the introduction of any such evidence.

(D) An organization described in subparagraph (A) of this paragraph shall provide that transcripts or sound recordings be made of all meetings, that records of votes be made, and that such transcripts or recordings and voting records be submitted to the Commission and made available to other Federal agencies in connection with their statutory responsibilities over rate bureaus, except that such material shall be kept confidential and shall not be subject to disclosure under section 552 of title 5, United States Code.

(4) Notwithstanding any other provision of this subsection, one or more rail carriers may enter into an agreement, without obtaining prior Commission approval, that provides solely for compilation, publication, and other distribution of rates in effect or to become effective. The Sherman Act (15 U.S.C. 1 et seq.), the Clayton Act (15 U.S.C. 12 et seq.), the Federal Trade Commission Act (15 U.S.C. 41 et seq.), sections 73 and 74 of the Wilson Tariff Act (15 U.S.C. 8 and 9), and the Act of June 19, 1936, as amended (15 U.S.C. 13, 13a, 13b, 21a) shall not apply to parties and other persons with respect to making or carrying out such agreement. However, the Commission may, upon application or on its own initiative, investigate whether the parties to such an agreement have exceeded its scope, and upon a finding that they have, the Commission may issue such orders as are necessary, including an order dissolving the agreement, to ensure that actions taken pursuant to the agreement are limited as provided in this paragraph.

(5)(A) Whenever two or more shippers enter into an agreement to discuss among themselves that relates to the amount of compensation such shippers propose to be paid by rail carriers providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter I of chapter 105 of this title, for use by such rail carriers of rolling stock owned or leased by such shippers, the shippers shall apply to the Commission for approval of that agreement under this paragraph. The Commission shall approve the agreement only when it finds that the making and carrying out of the agreement will further the transportation policy set forth in section 10101a of this title and may require compliance with conditions necessary to make the agreement further that policy as a condition of approval. If the Commission approves the agreement, it may be made and carried out under its terms and under the terms required by the Commission, and the antitrust laws set forth in paragraph (2) of this subsection do not apply to parties and other persons with respect to making or carrying out the agreement. The Commission shall approve or disapprove an agreement under this paragraph within one year after the date application for approval of such agreement is made.

(B) If the Commission approves an agreement described in subparagraph (A) of this paragraph and the shippers entering into such agreement and the rail carriers proposing to use rolling stock owned or leased by such shippers, under payment by such carriers or under a published allowance, are unable to agree upon the amount of compensation to be paid for the use of such rolling stock, any party directly involved in the negotiations may require that the matter be settled by submitting the issues in dispute to the Commission. The Commission shall render a binding decision, based upon a standard of reasonableness and after taking into consideration any past precedents on the subject matter of the negotiations, no later than 90 days after the date of the submission of the dispute to the Commission.

(C) Nothing in this paragraph shall be construed to change the law in effect prior to the effective date of the Staggers Rail Act of 1980 with respect to the obligation of rail carriers to utilize rolling stock owned or leased by shippers.

(b)(1) In this subsection, "single-line rate" refers to a rate, charge, or allowance proposed by a single motor common carrier that is applicable only over its line and for which the transportation can be provided by that carrier.

(2) As provided by this subsection, a motor common carrier providing transportation or service subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II of chapter 105 of this title may enter into an agreement with one or more such carriers concerning rates (including charges between carriers and compensation paid or received for the use of facilities and equipment), allowances, classifications, divisions, or rules related to them, or procedures for joint consideration, initiation, or establishment of them. Such agreement may be submitted to the Commission for approval by any carrier or carriers which are parties to such agreement and shall be approved by the Commission upon a finding that the agreement fulfills each requirement of this subsection, unless the Commission finds that such agreement is inconsistent with the transportation policy set forth in section 10101(a) of this title. The Commission may require compliance with reasonable conditions consistent with this subtitle to assure that the agreement furthers such transportation policy. If the Commission approves the agreement, it may be made and carried out under its terms and under the conditions required by the Commission, and the antitrust laws, as defined in the first section of the Clayton Act (15 U.S.C. 12), do not apply to parties and other persons with respect to making or carrying out the agreement.

(3) Agreements submitted to the Commission under this subsection may be approved by the Commission only if each of the following conditions are met:

(A) Each carrier which is a party to an agreement must file with the Commission a verified statement that specifies its name, mailing address, and telephone number of its main office; the names of each of its affiliates; the names, addresses, and affiliates of each of its officers and directors; the names, addresses, and affiliates of each person, together with an affiliate, owning or controlling any debt, equity, or security interest in it having a value of at least $1,000,000. In this subparagraph, "affiliate" means a person controlling, controlled by, or under common control or ownership with another person and "ownership" means equity holdings in a business entity of at least 5 percent.

(B) Any organization established or continued under an agreement approved under this subsection must comply with the following requirements:

(i) subject to the provisions of subparagraphs (C), (D), (E), and (F) of this paragraph, (I) the organization may allow any member carrier to discuss any rate proposal docketed, but (II) after January 1, 1981, only those carriers with authority to participate in the transportation to which the rate proposal applies may vote upon such rate proposal;

(ii) the organization may not interfere with each carrier's right of independent action and may not change or cancel any rate established by independent action after the date of enactment of this subsection, other than a general increase or broad rate restructuring, except that changes in such rates may be effected, with the consent of the carrier or carriers that initiated the independent action, for the purpose of tariff simplification, removal of discrimination, or elimination of obsolete items;

(iii) the organization may not file a protest or complaint with the Commission against any tariff item published by or for the account of any motor carrier;

(iv) the organization may not permit one of its employees or any employee committee to docket or act upon any proposal effecting a change in any tariff item published by or for the account of any of its member carriers;

(v) upon request, the organization must divulge to any person the name of the proponent of a rule or rate docketed with it, must admit any person to any meeting at which rates or rules will be discussed or voted upon, and must divulge to any person the vote cast by any member carrier on any proposal before the organization;

(vi) the organization may not allow a carrier to vote for one or more other carriers without specific written authority from the carrier being represented; and

(vii) the organization shall make a final disposition of a rule or rate docketed with it by the 120th day after the proposal is docketed, except that if unusual circumstances require, the organization may extend such period, subject to review by the Commission.


(C) No agreement approved under this subsection may provide for discussion of or voting on rates to which the provisions of section 10708(d) or 10730(b) of this title apply, except that rates established or filed under section 10730 of this title before the date of enactment of the Motor Carrier Act of 1980 or changes with respect to such rates may be discussed or voted on under agreements approved under this subsection until January 1, 1984.

(D) No agreement approved under this subsection may provide for discussion of or voting upon single-line rates on or after January 1, 1984, except that such date shall be July 1, 1984, if the Motor Carrier Ratemaking Study Commission does not submit its final report under section 14(b)(4) of the Motor Carrier Act of 1980 on or before January 1, 1983. This subparagraph shall not apply to any single-line rate proposed by a motor common carrier of passengers. This subparagraph and subparagraph (B)(i)(II) of this paragraph shall not apply to the following:

(i) general rate increases or decreases if the agreement gives shippers, under specified procedures, at least 15 days' notice of the proposal and an opportunity to present comments on it before a tariff containing the increases or decreases is filed with the Commission and if discussion of such increases or decreases is limited to industry average carrier costs and, after the date of elimination of the antitrust immunity by this subparagraph, does not include discussion of individual markets or particular single-line rates;

(ii) changes in commodity classifications;

(iii) changes in tariff structures if discussion of such changes is limited to industry average carrier costs and, after the date of elimination of antitrust immunity by this subparagraph, does not include discussion of individual markets or particular single-line rates;

(iv) publishing of tariffs, filing of independent actions for individual members carriers, providing of support services for members, and changes in rules or regulations which are of at least substantially general application throughout the area in which such changes will apply.


(E) On and after January 1, 1983, no agreement approved under this subsection may provide for discussion of or voting upon any single-line rate proposed by a motor common carrier of passengers. On and after January 1, 1984, no agreement approved under this subsection may provide for discussion of or voting upon any joint rate proposed by one or more motor common carriers of passengers. This subparagraph shall not apply to any rate applicable to special or charter transportation. This subparagraph and subparagraph (B)(i)(II) of this paragraph shall not apply to the following:

(i) any general rate increase or decrease, broad change in tariff structure, or promotional or innovative fare change, as defined by the Commission and subject to such notice requirements as the Commission may specify by regulation, if discussion of such general increase or decrease is limited to industry average carrier costs and intermodal competitive factors and does not include discussion of individual markets or particular single-line rates or joint rates; and

(ii) publishing of tariffs, filing of independent actions for individual member carriers, providing of support services for members, and changes in rules or regulations which are of at least substantially general application throughout the area in which such changes will apply.


(F) After the effective date of this subparagraph, no agreement approved under this subsection may provide for discussion of or voting upon any rate applicable to special or charter transportation proposed by a motor common carrier of passengers. This subparagraph shall not apply to publication of any such rate.

(G) In any proceeding in which a party to such proceeding alleges that a carrier voted, discussed, or agreed on a rate or allowance in violation of this subsection, that party has the burden of showing that the vote, discussion, or agreement occurred. A showing of parallel behavior does not satisfy that burden by itself.

(H) The Commission shall, by regulation, determine reasonable quorum standards to be applied for meetings of organizations established or continued under an agreement approved under this subsection.


(4) Notwithstanding any other provision of this subtitle, before the date on which the antitrust immunity is eliminated for discussion of or voting on single-line rates by paragraph (3)(D) of this subsection, the Commission may not take any action which would, on the basis of the type of carrier service involved (including service by carriers singly or in combination with other carriers), result in the exclusion of one or more motor common carriers of property from discussion or voting under agreements authorized by this subsection on matters concerning rates, allowances, classifications, or divisions, except that before such date, the Commission may issue regulations which take effect on or after such date to carry out the provisions of such paragraph.

(5) Notwithstanding any other provision of this subtitle (other than paragraph (3)(F) of this subsection, relating to special and charter transportation of passengers), before January 1, 1983, the Commission may not take any action which would, on the basis of the type of carrier service involved (including service by carriers singly or in combination with other carriers), result in the exclusion of one or more motor common carriers of passengers from discussion or voting under agreements authorized by this subsection on matters concerning rates, allowances, or divisions, except that before January 1, 1983, the Commission may issue regulations which take effect on or after January 1, 1983, to carry out the provisions of paragraph (3)(E) of this subsection.

(c) A common carrier providing transportation or service subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under chapter 105 of this title (except a rail carrier or a motor common carrier) that is a party to an agreement of at least 2 carriers related to rates (including charges between carriers and compensation paid or received for the use of facilities and equipment), allowances, classifications, divisions, or rules related to them, or procedures for joint consideration, initiation, or establishment of them, may apply to the Commission for approval of that agreement under this subsection. The Commission shall approve the agreement only when it finds that the making and carrying out of the agreement will further the transportation policy of section 10101 of this title and may require compliance with conditions necessary to make the agreement further that policy as a condition of approval. If the Commission approves the agreement, it may be made and carried out under its terms and under the conditions required by the Commission, and the antitrust laws, as defined in the first section of the Clayton Act (15 U.S.C. 12), do not apply to parties and other persons with respect to making or carrying out the agreement.

(d)(1) In this subsection, carriers are classified as follows:

(A) Rail, express, and sleeping car carriers are a class.

(B) Pipeline carriers are a class.

(C) Motor carriers are a class.

(D) Water carriers are a class.

(E) Household goods freight forwarders are a class.


(2) The Commission may not approve an agreement under this section—

(A) between or among carriers of different classes unless, in addition to the finding required under subsection (a), (b), or (c) of this section, the Commission finds that the agreement is limited to matters related to transportation under joint rates or over through routes;

(B) related to a pooling, division, or other matter to which subchapter III of chapter 113 of this title applies; or

(C) establishing a procedure for determination of a matter through joint consideration unless the Commission finds that each party to the agreement has the absolute right under it to take independent action before or after a determination is made under that procedure.


(e) The Commission may require an organization established or continued under an agreement approved under this section to maintain records and submit reports. The Commission, or its delegate, may inspect a record maintained under this section.

(f) The Commission may review an agreement approved under subsection (a), (b), or (c) of this section and shall change the conditions of approval or terminate it when necessary to comply with (1) the public interest and subsection (a), or (2) subsection (b) or (c). The Commission shall postpone the effective date of a change of an agreement under this subsection for whatever period it determines to be reasonably necessary to avoid unreasonably hardship.

(g) The Commission may begin a proceeding under this section on its own initiative or on application. Action of the Commission under this section (1) approving an agreement, (2) denying, ending, or changing approval, (3) prescribing the conditions on which approval is granted, or (4) changing those conditions, has effect only as related to application of the antitrust laws referred to in subsection (a), (b), or (c) of this section.

(h) The Commission shall review each agreement approved under subsection (a) of this section periodically, but at least once every 3 years (1) to determine whether the agreement or an organization established or continued under one of those agreements still complies with the requirements of that subsection and the public interest, and (2) to evaluate the success and effect of that agreement or organization on the consuming public and the national rail freight transportation system. If the Commission finds that an agreement or organization does not conform to the requirements of that subsection, it shall end or suspend its approval. The Commission shall report to the President and Congress the results of the review as a part of its annual report under section 10311 of this title.

(i)(1) The Federal Trade Commission, in consultation with the Antitrust Division of the Department of Justice, shall prepare periodically an assessment of, and shall report to the Commission on—

(A) possible anticompetitive features of—

(i) agreements approved or submitted for approval under subsection (a) of this section; and

(ii) an organization operating under those agreements; and


(B) possible ways to alleviate or end an anticompetitive feature, effect, or aspect in a manner that will further the goals of this subtitle and of the transportation policy of section 10101a of this title.


(2) Reports received by the Commission under this subsection shall be published and made available to the public under section 552(a) of title 5.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1377; Pub. L. 96–258, §1(7), June 3, 1980, 94 Stat. 426; Pub. L. 96–296, §14(a), (c), (d), July 1, 1980, 94 Stat. 803, 808; Pub. L. 96–448, title II, §219(a)–(e), 224(b), Oct. 14, 1980, 94 Stat. 1926–1929; Pub. L. 97–261, §10(a)–(d), Sept. 20, 1982, 96 Stat. 1109, 1110; Pub. L. 98–216, §2(12), Feb. 14, 1984, 98 Stat. 5; Pub. L. 99–521, §7(c), Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2995.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Pub. L. 95–473
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10706(a)(1) (A) 49:5c(1)(a). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §5b; added Feb. 5, 1976, Pub. L. 94–210, §208(b), 90 Stat. 42; Oct. 19, 1976, Pub. L. 94–555, §220(k), 90 Stat. 2630.
10706(a)(1) (B) 49:5c(5)(a) (last sentence).
10706(a)(2) 49:5c(1)(b), (c), (2), (8).
10706(a)(3) (A) 49:5c(5)(a) (less 1st and last sentences), (11).
10706(a)(3) (B) 49:5c(5)(b) (1st sentence).
10706(a)(3) (C) 49:5c(5)(b) (less 1st sentence).
10706(b) 49:5b (less (3)–(7) and less (10)). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §5a; added June 17, 1948, ch. 491, §1, 62 Stat. 472; Feb. 5, 1976, Pub. L. 94–210, §208(a), 90 Stat. 42.
10706(c)(1) 49:5b(4) (last cl.).
10706(c)(2) 49:5b(4) (less last cl.), (5), (6), 5c(4), (5)(a) (1st sentence).
10706(d) 49:5b(3), 5c(3) (1st and 2d sentences).
10706(e) 49:5b(7), 5c(6)(a).
10706(f) 49:5b(10), 5c(7), (9).
10706(g) 49:5c(3) (last sentence), (6)(b).
10706(h) 49:5c(10).

In this section, the word "rates" is substituted for "rates, fares" because of the definition of "rate" in section 10102 of this title. The words "allowances" and "charges" are retained in view of the context. The word "rules" is substituted for "rules and regulations" for consistency when referring to carriers.

In subsection (a)(1), the words "directly or indirectly" from 49:5c(1)(a) are omitted as surplus, and 49:5c(1)(C) is omitted as unnecessary. The definition of "single-line rate" contained in the text of 49:5c(5)(a) (last sentence) is included for consistency.

In subsection (a)(2), the words "or an agreement with a class of carriers referred to in subsection (c)(1)(B)–(E) of this section" are inserted for clarity in view of the amendment made by section 208(a) of the Railroad Revitalization and Regulatory Reform Act of 1976 that removed rail carriers from 49:5b but did not specifically resolve the question of which section governs intermodal agreements by rail carriers. The words inserted in the revised section require rail carriers that make intermodal agreements to comply with 49:5c to reflect the ambiguity. The words "under such rules and regulations as the Commission shall prescribe" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the general power to prescribe regulations under section 10321 of the revised title. The words "by order" are omitted as surplus. The words "if approval is not prohibited by paragraph (4) or (5)" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement. The words "will further" are substituted for "by reason of furtherance of" for clarity. The word "only" is substituted for "otherwise the application shall be denied" for clarity. The words "may require compliance with conditions necessary to make the agreement further that policy as a condition of approval" are substituted for "approval . . . shall be granted only upon such terms and conditions . . . necessary . . . to enable its approval to be granted in accordance with the standard set forth in this paragraph" for clarity. The 3d sentence restates 49:5c(8) for clarity. The word "written" in 49:5c(2) is omitted as unnecessary in the 4th sentence. 49:5c(2)(v) is omitted as unnecessary because of section 10321 of the revised title giving the Commission the authority to carry out the subtitle and to prescribe regulations.

In subsection (a)(3)(A), the word "organization" is substituted for "conference, bureau, committee, or other organization" as being more inclusive. In subsection (a)(3)(A)(i), 49:5c(5)(a)(i) and (ii) are consolidated to eliminate redundancy. The words "of the same mode" are omitted as surplus since this subsection applies only to rail carriers. The words "under section 10707 of this title" are substituted for "pursuant to section 15(8) of this chapter" to conform to the revised title.

In subsection (a)(3)(B), the words "Subparagraph (A)(i) and (ii) of this paragraph" are substituted for "limitations set forth in subdivision (a) shall not be applicable" for clarity. The word "shippers" is substituted for "shipping public" as being more precise. The words "in writing or otherwise" are omitted as surplus. The words "that are" are substituted for "if such changes are" for clarity. The word "area" is substituted for "territory or territories" as being more precise.

In subsection (b), the definitions of 49:5b(1) are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement. The words "under such rules and regulations as the Commission may prescribe" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the general power to prescribe regulations under section 10321 of the revised title. The words "by order" are omitted as surplus. The words "if approval thereof is not prohibited by paragraph (4), (5), or (6) of this section" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement. The words "will further" are substituted for "by reason of furtherance" for clarity. The word "only" is substituted for "otherwise the application shall be denied" for clarity. The words "may require compliance with conditions necessary to make the agreement further that policy as a condition of approval" are substituted for "upon such terms and conditions as the Commission may prescribe as necessary to enable it to grant its approval in accordance with the standard above set forth in this paragraph" for clarity.

In subsection (c)(1), the reference to rail carriers in a class is retained to reflect the ambiguity resulting from the amendment made by section 208(a) of the Railroad Revitalization and Regulatory Reform Act of 1976.

In subsection (c)(2), the words "which it finds" are omitted as unnecessary. The word "absolute" is substituted for "free and unrestrained" as being more appropriate. The words "without fear of any sanction or retaliatory action" are omitted as included in the words "absolute right".

In subsection (d), the word "records" is substituted for "accounts, records, files, and memoranda" to eliminate redundancy and for consistency with other sections of the revised title and with subchapter II of chapter 5 of title 5. The words "or its delegate" are substituted for "its duly authorized representatives" for clarity.

In subsection (e), the words "upon complaint or upon its own initiative without complaint" are omitted in view of subsection (f). The word "review" is substituted for "investigate and determine" in view of the general authority to carry out the subtitle in section 10321 of the revised subtitle. The words "or terms and conditions upon which such approval was granted" are omitted as surplus in view of the restatement. The word "change" is substituted for "modify" for consistency. The words "when necessary to comply with (1) the public interest and subsection (a), or (2) subsection (b)" are substituted for "if it finds such action necessary to insure conformity with such standard . . . to the extent it finds necessary to insure conformity with such standard or to the extent to which it finds such terms and conditions not necessary to insure such conformity" for clarity.

In subsection (f), the text of 49:5b(8) is omitted as surplus in view of subchapter II of chapter 5 of title 5 and subchapter II of chapter 103 of the revised title.

In subsection (g), the words "which the Commission has by order" are omitted as surplus. The word "organization" is substituted for "conference, bureau, committee, or other organization" as being more inclusive. The last sentence of 49:5c(3) is omitted as surplus in view of chapter 103 of the revised title, the authority of the Commission under subsection (d), and the requirement imposed on the Commission under this subsection.

In subsection (h), the last sentence is substituted for 49:5c(10) (last sentence) for clarity and consistency with section 10310(b) of the revised title.

Pub. L. 96–258

This amends section 10706(c)(2) to correct a typographical error.

References in Text

The Sherman Act, referred to in subsec. (a)(2)(A), (4), is act July 2, 1890, ch. 647, 26 Stat. 209, as amended, which is classified to sections 1 to 7 of Title 15, Commerce and Trade. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1 of Title 15 and Tables.

The Clayton Act, referred to in subsec. (a)(2)(A), (4), is act Oct. 15, 1914, ch. 323, 38 Stat. 730, as amended, which is classified generally to sections 12, 13, 14 to 19, 20, 21, and 22 to 27 of Title 15 and sections 52 and 53 of Title 29, Labor. For further details and complete classification of this Act to the Code, see References in Text note set out under section 12 of Title 15 and Tables.

The Federal Trade Commission Act, referred to in subsec. (a)(2)(A), (4), is act Sept. 26, 1914, ch. 311, 38 Stat. 717, as amended, which is classified generally to subchapter I (§41 et seq.) of chapter 2 of Title 15. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see section 58 of Title 15 and Tables.

Sections 73 and 74 of the Wilson Tariff Act, referred to in subsec. (a)(2)(A), (4), are sections 73 and 74 of act Aug. 27, 1894, ch. 349, 28 Stat. 570, which enacted sections 8 and 9, respectively, of Title 15.

Act of June 19, 1936, referred to in subsec. (a)(2)(A), (4), is act June 19, 1936, ch. 592, 49 Stat. 1526, popularly known as the Robinson-Patman Anti-discrimination Act and also as the Robinson-Patman Price Discrimination Act, which enacted sections 13a, 13b, and 21a of Title 15 and amended section 13 of Title 15. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 13 of Title 15 and Tables.

The effective date of the Staggers Rail Act of 1980, referred to in subsec. (a)(5)(C), probably means Oct. 1, 1980, the general effective date of Pub. L. 96–448. See section 710 of Pub. L. 96–448, set out as an Effective Date of 1980 Amendment note under section 10101 of this title.

The date of enactment of this subsection, referred to in subsec. (b)(3)(B)(ii), is the date of enactment of Pub. L. 96–296, which was approved July 1, 1980.

The date of enactment of the Motor Carrier Act of 1980, referred to in subsec. (b)(3)(C), is the date of enactment of Pub. L. 96–296, which was approved July 1, 1980.

Section 14(b)(4) of the Motor Carrier Act of 1980, referred to in subsec. (b)(3)(D), is section 14(b)(4) of Pub. L. 96–296.

The effective date of this subparagraph, referred to in subsec. (b)(3)(F), is the 60th day after Sept. 20, 1982, see section 31(a) of Pub. L. 97–261, set out as an Effective Date of 1982 Amendment note under section 10101 of this title.

Amendments

1986—Subsec. (a)(2)(A). Pub. L. 99–521, §7(c)(1), substituted "subsection (d)(1)(B)–(E)" for "subsection (c)(1)(B)–(E)".

Subsec. (d)(1)(E). Pub. L. 99–521, §7(c)(2), substituted "Household goods freight" for "Freight".

1984—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 98–216 substituted "the first section of the Clayton Act (15 U.S.C. 12)" for "section 12 of title 15".

1982—Subsec. (b)(1), (2). Pub. L. 97–261, §10(a), struck out "of property" after "motor common carrier".

Subsec. (b)(3)(B)(i). Pub. L. 97–261, §10(b)(1), substituted ", (D), (E), and (F)" for "and (D)".

Subsec. (b)(3)(B)(iii). Pub. L. 97–261, §10(b)(2), struck out "of property" after "motor carrier".

Subsec. (b)(3)(D). Pub. L. 97–261, §10(b)(3), inserted provision that this subparagraph shall not apply to any single-line rate proposed by a motor common carrier of passengers.

Subsec. (b)(3)(E) to (H). Pub. L. 97–261, §10(b)(4), added subpars. (E) and (F) and redesignated former subpars. (E) and (F) as (G) and (H), respectively.

Subsec. (b)(5). Pub. L. 97–261, §10(c), added par. (5).

Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 97–261, §10(d), struck out "of property" after "motor common carrier".

1980—Subsec. (a)(1)(C). Pub. L. 96–448, §219(a), added subpar. (C).

Subsec. (a)(2)(A). Pub. L. 96–448, §219(b), inserted "publication," after "initiation," and substituted "section 10101a of this title" for "section 10101 of this title".

Subsec. (a)(3)(A). Pub. L. 96–448, §219(c)(1), in cl. (i) inserted provision directing an organization not to permit a rail carrier to discuss single line rates proposed by another carrier and providing that, except for purposes of general rate increases and broad tariff changes, the Commission delay or suspend implementation of this clause if at any time the Commission finds implementation not feasible, designated provision of cl. (i) relating to rates related to a particular interline movement as cl. (ii), and in cl. (ii) as so designated, inserted provision that rail carriers not be permitted to discuss such rates, struck out former cl. (ii), which directed an organization not to permit, or provide for, or establish a procedure for joint consideration or action to protest or seek suspension of a rate or classification filed by a rail carrier under section 10707 of this title when the rate or classification was established by independent action, and added cl. (iii).

Subsec. (a)(3)(B). Pub. L. 96–448, §219(c)(2), substituted in provision preceding cl. (i) "Until January 1, 1984, subparagraph (A)(ii) and (A)(iii) of this paragraph do not" for "Subparagraph (A)(i) and (ii) of this paragraph does not" and in cl. (i) "to cover inflationary cost increases, or general rate decreases, for joint rates" for "or decreases", inserted in cl. (ii) ", except single line rates where subparagraph (A)(i) of this paragraph prohibits the participation of carriers with single line rates" after "apply", and inserted provision after cl. (ii) authorizing the Commission to delay or suspend implementation of the subparagraph if at any time the Commission finds implementation of this subparagraph not feasible.

Subsec. (a)(3)(C). Pub. L. 96–448, §219(c)(3), designated existing provisions as cl. (i) and added cl. (ii).

Subsec. (a)(3)(D). Pub. L. 96–448, §219(c)(4), added subpar. (D).

Subsec. (a)(4). Pub. L. 96–448, §219(d), added par. (4).

Subsec. (a)(5). Pub. L. 96–448, §224(b), added par. (5).

Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 96–296, §14(a), added subsec. (b). Former subsec. (b) redesignated (c).

Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 96–296, §14(a), (c), redesignated subsec. (b) as (c) and substituted "(except a rail carrier or a motor common carrier of property)" for "(except a rail carrier)". Former subsec. (c) redesignated (d).

Subsec. (c)(2). Pub. L. 96–258 substituted a dash for the period after "section" in provisions preceding subpar. (A).

Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 96–296, §14(a), (d)(1), redesignated subsec. (c) as (d) and substituted in par. (2)(A) "subsection (a), (b), or (c)" for "subsection (a) or (b)". Former subsec. (d) redesignated (e).

Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 96–296, §14(a), redesignated subsec. (d) as (e). Former subsec. (e) redesignated (f).

Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 96–296, §14(a), (d), redesignated subsec. (e) as (f) and substituted "subsection (a), (b), or (c)" for "subsection (a) or (b)" and "subsection (b) or (c)" for "subsection (b)". Former subsec. (f) redesignated (g).

Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 96–296, §14(a), (d)(1), redesignated subsec. (f) as (g) and substituted "subsection (a), (b), or (c)" for "subsection (a) or (b)". Former subsec. (g) redesignated (h).

Subsec. (h). Pub. L. 96–296, §14(a), redesignated subsec. (g) as (h). Former subsec. (h) redesignated as (i).

Subsec. (i). Pub. L. 96–448, §219(e), substituted in par. (1)(B) "section 10101a of this title" for "section 10101 of this title".

Pub. L. 96–296, §14(a), redesignated subsec. (h) as (i).

Effective Date of 1986 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 99–521 effective 60 days after Oct. 22, 1986, see section 15 of Pub. L. 99–521, set out as a note under section 10102 of this title.

Effective Date of 1982 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 97–261 effective on 60th day after Sept. 20, 1982, see section 31(a) of Pub. L. 97–261, set out as a note under section 10101 of this title.

Effective Date of 1980 Amendments

Amendment by Pub. L. 96–448 effective Oct. 1, 1980, see section 710(a) of Pub. L. 96–448, set out as a note under section 10101 of this title.

Amendment by Pub. L. 96–258 effective Oct. 17, 1978, see section 3(d) of Pub. L. 96–258, set out as a note under section 10525 of this title.

Savings Provision

Section 706 of Pub. L. 96–448 provided that: "In the case of any proposal docketed with a rate bureau prior to the effective date of this Act [Oct. 1, 1980] which is or becomes the subject of an application or proceeding before the Interstate Commerce Commission, such application or proceeding shall be determined as if this Act [see Short Title of 1980 Amendment note set out under section 10101 of this title] had not been enacted, and the antitrust immunity provided in section 10706(b) of title 49, United States Code, resulting from approval of such agreement shall continue in effect."

Carrier Organizations Established Before November 19, 1982

Section 10(f) of Pub. L. 97–261 provided that: "Any organization established pursuant to an agreement entered into by motor common carriers of passengers and approved by the Commission prior to the effective date of this subsection [60th day after Sept. 20, 1982] under section 10706(c) of title 49, United States Code, may continue to function pursuant to such agreement until a new or amended agreement is finally disposed of by the Commission under section 10706 of title 49, United States Code, as amended by this section, so long as (1) such new or amended agreement is submitted to the Commission for approval within 120 days of such effective date, and (2) such organization complies with this section (including amendments made by this section and regulations issued under such amendments) during the period such new or amended agreement is being prepared, submitted to, and considered by the Commission."

Elimination of General Rate Increases and Decreases

Section 219(f) of Pub. L. 96–448 prohibited Interstate Commerce Commission from taking any action with respect to elimination of general rate increases or decreases prior to Apr. 1, 1982.

Protection of Rate Bureau Employees

Section 219(g) of Pub. L. 96–448 provided that: "The Interstate Commerce Commission shall require rail carrier members of a rate bureau to provide the employees of such rate bureau who are affected by the amendments made by this section [amending this section] with fair arrangements no less protective of the interests of such employees than those established pursuant to section 11347 of title 49, United States Code. For purposes of this subsection, the term 'employees' does not include any individual serving as president, vice-president, secretary, treasurer, comptroller, counsel, member of the board of directors, or any other person performing such functions."

Lawfulness of Existing Competitive Practices Between Water Carriers and Rail Carriers Unaffected

Section 707 of Pub. L. 96–448 provided that: "With respect to the relationship between water carriers and rail carriers, none of the amendments made by this Act [see Short Title of 1980 Amendment note set out under section 10101 of this title] shall be construed to make lawful (1) any competitive practice that is unfair, destructive, predatory, or otherwise undermines competition and that was unlawful on the effective date of this Act [Oct. 1, 1980], or (2) any other competitive practice that is unfair, destructive, predatory, or otherwise undermines competition."

Motor Carrier Ratemaking Study Commission

Section 14(b) of Pub. L. 96–296, as amended by Pub. L. 97–261, §10(e), Sept. 20, 1982, 96 Stat. 1110, established the Motor Carrier Ratemaking Study Commission, provided for the Commission's membership, compensation of members, filling of vacancies, staff personnel, and experts and consultants, authorized the Commission to make full and complete investigations and studies of the collective ratemaking process for all rates of motor common carriers of property, including the need or lack of need for continued antitrust immunity therefor and the impact of elimination of such immunity on rate levels and structures and on the Interstate Commerce Commission and its staff, the collective ratemaking process for general rate changes, innovative fare changes, and broad changes in tariff structure of motor common carriers of passengers, including the need or lack of need for continued antitrust immunity therefor and the impact of elimination of such immunity on rate levels and structures and on the Interstate Commerce Commission and its staff, the impact of implementation of the Bus Regulatory Reform Act of 1982, Pub. L. 97–261, Sept. 20, 1982, 96 Stat. 1102, on persons over the age of 60, including those who reside in rural areas and small communities, and the impact of statutory and administrative reforms on continuation and development of high quality intrastate motor bus services, and directed the Commission to submit to the President and Congress its final report on the collective ratemaking process applicable to motor common carriers of property not later than Jan. 1, 1983, its final report on the collective ratemaking process applicable to motor common carriers of passengers not later than Jan. 1, 1984, and its final report on the impact of the Bus Regulatory Reform Act of 1982 and statutory and administrative reforms on high quality intrastate motor bus services not later than Jan. 1, 1984, with the Commission to cease to exist six months after submission of the last of its final reports.

Continuation of Functions Under Prior Rate Agreement; Submission of New or Amended Rate Agreement and Compliance With Present Provisions

Section 14(e) of Pub. L. 96–296 provided that: "Any organization established pursuant to an agreement approved by the Commission prior to the date of enactment of this Act [July 1, 1980] under section 10706(b) of title 49, United States Code, may continue to function pursuant to such agreement until a new or amended agreement is finally disposed of by the Commission under section 10706 of title 49, United States Code, as amended by this section, so long as (1) such new or amended agreement is submitted to the Commission for approval within 120 days of such date of enactment, and (2) such organization complies with this section (including amendments made by this section [amending this section] and regulations issued under such amendments) during the period such new or amended agreement is being prepared, submitted to, and considered by the Commission."

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in sections 10102, 10505, 10701, 10707, 10707a, 10708, 10721, 11501 of this title.

§10707. Investigation and suspension of new rail carrier rates, classifications, rules, and practices

(a) When a new individual or joint rate or individual or joint classification, rule, or practice related to a rate is filed with the Interstate Commerce Commission by a rail carrier providing transportation subject to its jurisdiction under subchapter I of chapter 105 of this title, the Commission may begin a proceeding, on its own initiative or on complaint of an interested party, to determine whether the proposed rate, classification, rule, or practice violates this subtitle. The Commission must give reasonable notice to interested parties before beginning a proceeding under this subsection but may act without allowing an interested party to file an answer or other formal pleading in response to its decision to begin the proceeding.

(b)(1) The Commission must complete a proceeding under this section and make its final decision by the end of the 5th month after the rate, classification, rule, or practice was to become effective, except that if the Commission reports to the Congress by the end of such 5th month that it cannot make a final decision by that time and explains the reason for the delay, it may take an additional 3 months to complete the proceeding and make its final decision. If the Commission does not reach a final decision within the applicable time period, the rate, classification, rule, or practice—

(A) is effective at the end of that time period; or

(B) if already in effect at the end of that time period, remains in effect.


(2) If an interested party has filed a complaint under subsection (a) of this section, the Commission may set aside a rate, classification, rule, or practice, that has become effective under this section if the Commission finds it to be in violation of this chapter.

(c)(1) The Commission may not suspend a proposed rate, classification, rule, or practice during the course of a Commission proceeding under this section unless it appears from the specific facts shown by the verified statement of a person that—

(A) it is substantially likely that the protestant will prevail on the merits;

(B) without suspension, the proposed rate change will cause substantial injury to the protestant or the party represented by the protestant; and

(C) because of the peculiar economic circumstances of the protestant, the provisions of subsection (d) of this section do not protect the protestant.


(2) The burden shall be on the protestant to prove the matters described in paragraph (1)(A), (B), and (C) of this subsection.

(d)(1) If the Commission does not suspend a proposed rate increase under subsection (c) of this section, the Commission shall require the rail carrier to account for all amounts received under the increase until the Commission completes its proceedings under subsection (b) of this section. The accounting shall specify by whom and for whom the amounts are paid. When the Commission takes final action, it shall require the carrier to refund to the person for whom the amounts were paid that part of the increased rate found to be unreasonable, plus interest at a rate equal to the average yield (on the date the statement is filed) of marketable securities of the United States Government having a duration of 90 days.

(2) If a rate is suspended under subsection (c) of this section and any portion of such rate is later found to be reasonable under this subtitle, the carrier shall collect from each person using the transportation to which the rate applies the difference between the original rate and the portion of the suspended rate found to be reasonable for any services performed during the period of suspension, plus interest at a rate equal to the average yield (on the date the statement is filed) of marketable securities of the United States Government having a duration of 90 days, except that this paragraph shall not apply to general rate increases under section 10706 of this title.

(3) If any portion of a proposed rate decrease is suspended under subsection (c) of this section and later found to be reasonable under this subtitle, the rail carrier may refund any part of the portion of the decrease found to comply with this subtitle if the carrier makes the refund available to each shipper who participated in the rate, in accordance with the relative amount of such shipper's traffic transported at such rate.

(4) Notwithstanding the provisions of section 10741 or section 10761 of this title, the Commission shall, by rule, establish standards and procedures permitting a rail carrier to waive the collection of amounts due under this subsection if such amounts are not significant.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1380; Pub. L. 96–448, title II, §207, Oct. 14, 1980, 94 Stat. 1907; Pub. L. 103–272, §4(j)(21), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1369.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10707(a) 49:15(8)(a) (1st and 2d sentences). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §15(8); added Feb. 5, 1976, Pub. L. 94–210, §202(e)(2), 90 Stat. 36.
10707(b)–(e) 49:15(8) (less (a) 1st and 2d sentences).

In 49:15(8), the words after the 4th comma in subsection (b), subsections (c) and (d) (last sentence) are omitted from the restatement as executed, effective January 1, 1978.

In subsection (a), the word "schedule" is omitted for consistency. The word "rate" is substituted for "rates, fare, or charge" in view of the definition of "rate" in section 10102 of the revised title. The words "providing transportation subject to its jurisdiction under subchapter I of chapter 105 of this title" are added to conform to the revision. The word "proceeding" is substituted for "hearing" in view of subchapter II of chapter 5 of title 5. The words "to determine whether . . . violates this section" are substituted for "concerning the lawfulness" for consistency.

In subsection (b), the words "may take an additional 3 months" are substituted for "shall be made not later than 10 months after" for consistency.

In subsection (c), the words "Pursuant to subdivision (d)" are omitted as unnecessary. The words "facts required under paragraph (1) (A) and (B) of this subsection" are substituted for "matters set forth in clauses (i) and (ii) of this subdivision" for clarity.

In subsection (d), the words "When any part of a rate decrease is suspended" are substituted for "With respect to any proposed decreased rate, fare, or charge which is suspended" for clarity. The words "comply with this title" are substituted for "lawful" for clarity and consistency.

In subsection (e), the word "reasonable" is substituted for "just and reasonable" for consistency. See the revision note to section 10101 of the revised title.

[Subsections (c) and (d) (last sentence) of 49:15(8), which were omitted from the restatement as executed (see first par. of Historical and Revision Notes above), were amended by Pub. L. 95–607, title IV, §401, Nov. 8, 1978, 92 Stat. 3067, and later repealed effective July 1, 1980, by Pub. L. 96–258, §3(c), June 3, 1980, 94 Stat. 428.]

Amendments

1994—Subsec. (d)(2). Pub. L. 103–272, §4(j)(21)(A), substituted "under this subtitle" for "under this title".

Subsec. (d)(3). Pub. L. 103–272, §4(j)(21)(B), substituted "subtitle" for "title" in two places.

1980—Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 96–448, §207(a), changed period within which the Commission must complete a proceeding and make a final decision from end of 7th month after the rate, classification, rule, or practice was to become effective to end of 5th month.

Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 96–448, §207(b), substituted verified statement for verified complaint as the instrument on which specific facts must be shown and protestant for complainant as the party likely to prevail on the merits, suffer substantial injury, and carry the burden of proof and inserted additional requirement for suspension that the protestant, because of peculiar economic circumstances, is not protected by the provisions of subsec. (d) of this section.

Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 96–448, §207(c), designated existing provision as par. (1), designated provision of par. (1) as so designated, relating to refund of any portion of a proposed rate decrease suspend and later found to comply, as par. (3), and added pars. (2) and (4).

Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 96–448, §207(d), struck out subsec. (e) which placed burden of proof on the carrier that the proposed change was reasonable and directed the Commission to specifically consider proof that the proposed rate, classification, rule, or practice will have an adverse effect on the competitive posture of shippers or consignees affected by it and that the Commission give proceedings under this section preference over all other proceedings and make its decision at the earliest practical time.

Effective Date of 1980 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 96–448 effective Oct. 1, 1980, see section 710(a) of Pub. L. 96–448, set out as a note under section 10101 of this title.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in sections 10701a, 10705a, 10707a, 10709, 10711, 11126 of this title.

§10707a. Zone of rail carrier rate flexibility

(a) In this section—

(1)(A) "base rate" means, with respect to the transportation of a particular commodity (i) for the 24-month period beginning on October 1, 1980, the rate in effect on October 1, 1980, (ii) for the 24-month period beginning on October 1, 1982, the rate in effect on October 1, 1982, and (iii) for the 5-year period beginning on October 1, 1984, and for each subsequent 5-year period, the rate in effect on the first day of the applicable 5-year period.

(B) If no rate exists for the transportation of a particular commodity on October 1, 1980, the base rate for the transportation of such commodity shall be the rate established by the rail carrier (divided by the latest rail cost adjustment factor published by the Commission), unless such rate is found to be unreasonable by the Commission, in which case the base rate shall be the rate authorized by the Commission (divided by the latest rail cost adjustment factor published by the Commission).

(2)(A) "adjusted base rate" means the base rate for the transportation of a particular commodity multiplied by the latest rail cost adjustment factor published by the Commission pursuant to this paragraph.

(B) Commencing with the fourth quarter of 1980, the Commission shall, as often as practicable but in no event less often than quarterly, publish a rail cost adjustment factor which shall be a fraction, the numerator of which is the latest published Index of Railroad Costs (which index shall be compiled or verified by the Commission, with appropriate adjustments to reflect the changing composition of railroad costs, including the quality and mix of material and labor), and the denominator of which is the same index for the fourth quarter of 1980, or for the fourth quarter of 1982 or for the fourth quarter of every fifth year thereafter, as appropriate.


(b)(1) Except as provided in paragraph (3) of this subsection, a rail carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under subchapter I of chapter 105 of this title may increase any rate over which the Commission has jurisdiction under section 10709 of this title so long as the increased rate is not greater than the adjusted base rate for the transportation involved, plus any rate increases implemented under subsection (c) or (d) of this section.

(2) A rate increase authorized under this subsection may not be found to exceed a reasonable maximum for the transportation involved.

(3) A rail carrier may not increase a rate under this subsection to the extent that the cost increases to such carrier due to inflation are recovered through (A) general rate increases pursuant to section 10706 of this title, or (B) inflation-based rate increases under section 10712 of this title applicable to that rate.

(c)(1) During the 12-month period beginning on the effective date of the Staggers Rail Act of 1980 and during each of the 3 succeeding 12-month periods, a rail carrier may, in addition to rate increases authorized under subsection (b) of this section, increase any rate over which the Commission has jurisdiction under section 10709 of this title by an annual amount of not more than 6 percent of the adjusted base rate, except that in no event shall the total increase under this subsection result in a rate which is more than 118 percent of the adjusted base rate.

(2)(A) If any portion of a rate increase under this subsection is not implemented in the year in which it is authorized, such portion may, except as provided in subparagraph (B) of this paragraph, be implemented only in the next succeeding year.

(B) If any portion of the total rate increase authorized under this subsection is not implemented by the end of the 4-year period beginning on the effective date of the Staggers Rail Act of 1980, such portion may be implemented in the next 2 succeeding years, except that in no event may a rail carrier increase a rate under this subsection or under subsection (d) of this section in either of such 2 succeeding years by an annual amount of more than 10 percent of the adjusted base rate.

(d)(1) Except as provided in paragraph (3) of this subsection, during the 12-month period beginning on October 1, 1984, and during each succeeding 12-month period, a rail carrier may, in addition to rate increases under subsection (b) of this section, increase any rate over which the Commission has jurisdiction under section 10709 of this title by an annual amount of not more than 4 percent of the adjusted base rate.

(2) No portion of any rate increase under this subsection which is not implemented in the year in which it is authorized may be implemented in any other year.

(3)(A) The provisions of this subsection shall not apply to a rail carrier proposing to increase a single line rate if such carrier earns adequate revenues, as determined by the Commission under section 10704(a)(2) of this title.

(B) The Commission shall, after a hearing on the record, prescribe such rules with respect to joint rates as necessary to ensure that rail carriers which earn adequate revenues, as determined under section 10704(a)(2) of this title, do not receive the rate increases authorized by this subsection unless the Commission determines that it is unable to prescribe such rules without precluding rail carriers not earning adequate revenues from receiving the rate increases authorized under this subsection.

(e)(1) Notwithstanding the provisions of section 10707 of this title, in the case of any rate increase by a rail carrier that is authorized under subsection (c) or (d) of this section—

(A)(i) the Commission may not suspend such rate increase pending final Commission action; and

(ii) except as provided in paragraph (2) of this subsection, the Commission may not begin an investigation proceeding under section 10707 of this title with respect to the reasonableness of such rate increase; but

(B) an interested party may file a complaint under section 11701(b) of this title alleging that such rate increase violates the provisions of this subtitle.


In considering any complaint challenging a rate increase that is authorized under subsection (c) of this section and that results in a revenue-variable cost percentage that is less than the lesser of the percentages described in clauses (i) and (ii) of paragraph (2)(A), the Commission shall, in determining the reasonableness of such rate increase, give due consideration to whether the carrier proposing the rate increase has attained adequate revenues, as determined by the Commission under section 10704(a)(2) of this title, giving regard to preventing a carrier with adequate revenues from realizing excessive profits on the traffic involved and also the policy of bringing to an adequate level the revenues of carriers not having an adequate revenue level.

(2)(A) If a rate increase authorized under this section in any year results in a revenue-variable cost percentage for the transportation to which the rate applies that is equal to or greater than—

(i) 20 percentage points above the revenue-variable cost percentage applicable in that year under section 10709(d) of this title; or

(ii) a revenue-variable cost percentage of 190 percent,


whichever is less, the Commission may, on its own initiative, or on complaint of an interested party, begin an investigation proceeding to determine whether the proposed rate increase violates this subtitle.

(B) In determining whether to investigate or not to investigate any proposed rate increase that results in a revenue-variable cost percentage for the transportation to which the rate applies that is equal to or greater than the lesser of the percentages described in clauses (i) and (ii) of subparagraph (A) of this paragraph (without regard to whether such rate increase is authorized under this section), the Commission shall set forth its reasons therefor, giving due consideration to the following factors:

(i) the amount of traffic which is transported at revenues which do not contribute to going concern value and efforts made to minimize such traffic;

(ii) the amount of traffic which contributes only marginally to fixed costs and the extent to which, if any, rates on such traffic can be changed to maximize the revenues from such traffic; and

(iii) the impact of the proposed rate or rate increase on the attainment of the national energy goals and the rail transportation policy under section 10101a of this title, taking into account the railroads' role as a primary source of energy transportation and the need for a sound rail transportation system in accordance with the revenue adequacy goals of section 10704 of this title.


This subparagraph shall not be construed to change existing law with regard to the nonreviewability of such determination.

(C) In determining whether a rate is reasonable, the Commission shall consider, among other factors, evidence of the following:

(i) the amount of traffic which is transported at revenues which do not contribute to going concern value and efforts made to minimize such traffic;

(ii) the amount of traffic which contributes only marginally to fixed costs and the extent to which, if any, rates on such traffic can be changed to maximize the revenues from such traffic; and

(iii) the carrier's mix of rail traffic to determine whether one commodity is paying an unreasonable share of the carrier's overall revenues.


(f) In any proceeding under this section, evidence of the underlying rail carrier rate is admissible.

(g) A finding by the Commission that a rate increase exceeds the increase authorized under this section does not establish a presumption that (1) the rail carrier proposing such rate increase has or does not have market dominance over the transportation to which the rate applies, or (2) the proposed rate exceeds or does not exceed a reasonable maximum.

(h) The authority of the Commission to determine and prescribe reasonable rules, classifications, and practices may not be used, directly or indirectly, to limit the rates which rail carriers are otherwise authorized to establish under this subtitle.

(Added Pub. L. 96–448, title II, §203(a), Oct. 14, 1980, 94 Stat. 1901; amended Pub. L. 103–272, §4(j)(22), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1369.)

References in Text

The effective date of the Staggers Rail Act of 1980, referred to in subsec. (c)(1), (2)(B), probably means Oct. 1, 1980, the general effective date of Pub. L. 96–448. See section 710 of Pub. L. 96–448, set out as an Effective Date of 1980 Amendment note under section 10101 of this title.

Amendments

1994—Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 103–272 substituted "paragraph (3)" for "paragraph (2)".

Effective Date

Section effective Oct. 1, 1980, see section 710(a) of Pub. L. 96–448, set out as an Effective Date of 1980 Amendment note under section 10101 of this title.

Restriction on Increase of Rail Carrier Rate for Transportation of Coal; Conditions; Exceptions; Inadmissibility as Evidence in Proceeding To Determine Market Dominance or Reasonableness of Rate

Section 203(c) of Pub. L. 96–448 provided that:

"(1) Any rail carrier rate which increased over 70 percent between 1976 and 1979 inclusive for the transportation, in shipper owned equipment over a distance exceeding 1,550 miles between points within the United States, of coal pursuant to a tariff calling for an annual volume of more than 2,000,000 tons per year purchased by a municipally owned utility for the generation of electric power under a 20-year purchase agreement entered into by such utility in the year 1974 shall not be increased so long as coal is purchased under such original agreement, except that—

"(A) during the period beginning October 1, 1980, and ending September 30, 1987, the Interstate Commerce Commission may permit increases in such rate which result in a revenue-variable cost percentage of not more than 162 percent; and

"(B) after October 1, 1987, such rate shall be subject to section 10701a of title 49, United States Code, and related provisions of such title governing regulation of rail carrier rates, except that until such rate results in a revenue-variable cost percentage that is equal to or greater than the revenue-variable cost percentage applicable under section 10709(d) of such title, such rate may not be increased more than 4 percent, in addition to inflation, in any year.

"(2) Neither the provisions of this subsection nor any rate subject to this subsection shall be admissible as evidence or considered in any way in any proceeding involving any other rail carrier rate that is commenced to determine market dominance under section 10709 of title 49, United States Code, or to determine reasonableness under section 10701a of such title."

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in section 10701a of this title.

§10708. Investigation and suspension of new nonrail carrier rates, classifications, rules, and practices

(a)(1) The Interstate Commerce Commission may begin a proceeding to determine the lawfulness of a proposed rate, classification, rule, or practice immediately, on its own initiative or on application of an interested party when—

(A) a new individual or joint rate or individual or joint classification, rule, or practice affecting a rate is filed with the Commission by a common carrier, other than a rail carrier, under this subtitle; or

(B) a new or reduced rate or rule or practice that causes a reduction of a rate is filed with the Commission by a contract carrier under this subtitle.


(2) The Commission must give reasonable notice before beginning a proceeding under this section but may act without allowing an interested carrier to file an answer or other formal pleading in response to its decision to begin the proceeding. The Commission may take whatever final action on a rate, classification, rule, or practice under this section, after a full hearing (whether completed before or after the rate, classification, rule, or practices goes into effect), as it could in a proceeding begun after a rate,   classification,   rule,   or   practice   became effective.

(b) Pending final Commission action in a proceeding under subsection (a) of this section, the Commission may suspend the proposed rate, classification, rule, or practice at any time for not more than 7 months beyond the time it would otherwise go into effect by (1) delivering to each affected carrier, and (2) filing with the proposed rate, classification, rule, or practice, a statement of reasons for the suspension. If the Commission does not take final action during the suspension period, the proposed rate, classification, rule, or practice is effective at the end of that period. However, if an increase in a rate for, or related to, transportation of property by an express, sleeping car, or pipeline carrier becomes effective under this subsection, the Commission may require the interested carrier to account for all amounts received under it and specify by whom and on whose behalf those amounts were paid. When the Commission takes final action, it may require the carrier to refund, with interest, to the persons on whose behalf those amounts were paid, the part of the increased rate found to be in violation of this subtitle.

(c) In a proceeding under this section, the burden is on the carrier proposing the changed rate, classification, rule, or practice to prove that the change is reasonable. The Commission shall give proceedings under this section preference over all other proceedings related to that type of carrier pending before it and make its decision at the earliest practical time.

(d)(1) Notwithstanding any other provision of this title, the Commission may not investigate, suspend, revise, or revoke any rate proposed by a motor common carrier of property or household goods freight forwarder on the grounds that such rate is unreasonable on the basis that it is too high or too low if—

(A) the carrier notifies the Commission that it wishes to have the rate considered pursuant to this subsection; and

(B) the aggregate of increases and decreases in any such rate is not more than 10 percent above the rate in effect one year prior to the effective date of the proposed rate, nor more than 10 percent below the lesser of the rate in effect on July 1, 1980 (or, in the case of any rate which a carrier first establishes after July 1, 1980, for a service not provided by such carrier on such date, such rate on the date such rate first becomes effective), or the rate in effect one year prior to the effective date of the proposed rate.


(2) The Commission, by rule, may increase the percentages specified in paragraph (1)(B) of this subsection for any group of motor common carriers of property or household goods freight forwarders if it finds that—

(A) there is sufficient actual and potential competition to regulate rates; and

(B) there are benefits to (i) carriers or household goods freight forwarders, (ii) shippers, and (iii) the public from further rate flexibility;


except that the Commission may not increase such percentages by more than 5 percentage points during any one-year period.

(3)(A) In determining, pursuant to paragraph (1)(B) of this subsection, whether the aggregate of increases and decreases in a proposed rate that is to take effect on or before the 730th day following the date of enactment of this paragraph is more than 10 percent (or such other percentage as the Commission may establish under paragraph (2) of this subsection) above the rate in effect one year prior to the effective date of the proposed rate, general rate increases obtained in the one-year period prior to the effective date of the proposed rate shall not be included in such aggregate, except to the extent that such general rate increases exceed 5 percent of the rate in effect one year prior to the effective date of the proposed rate.

(B) In the case of a proposed rate that is to take effect after the 730th day following the date of enactment of this paragraph, the percentage which first appears in paragraph (1)(B) of this subsection (relating to the upper limit of the zone of ratemaking freedom), or such other percentage as the Commission may establish under paragraph (2) of this subsection in lieu of such percentage, shall be increased or decreased, as the case may be, by the percentage change in the Producers Price Index, as published by the Department of Labor, that has occurred during the one-year period prior to the effective date of the proposed rate.

(4) Notwithstanding any other provision of this title, the Commission may not investigate, suspend, revise, or revoke any single-line rate proposed by a motor common carrier of passengers, or joint rate proposed by one or more such carriers, applicable to any transportation (other than special or charter transportation) on the grounds that such rate is unreasonable on the basis that it is too high or too low if—

(A) the carrier or carriers notify the Commission that they wish to have the rate considered pursuant to this subsection; and

(B) the aggregate of increases and decreases in any such rate is not more than 10 percent above the rate in effect one year prior to the effective date of the proposed rate, nor more than 20 percent below the lesser of the rate in effect on the effective date of this paragraph (or, in case of any rate which the carrier or carriers first establish after such date for a service not provided by the carrier or carriers on such date, such rate on the date such rate first becomes effective), or the rate in effect one year prior to the effective date of the proposed rate.


(5) One year after the effective date of this paragraph, the first and second percentages specified in paragraph (4)(B) of this subsection shall change to 15 percent and 25 percent, respectively. Two years after the effective date, the first and second percentages specified in paragraph (4)(B) of this subsection shall change to 20 percent and 30 percent, respectively.

(6) Any rate implemented by a carrier pursuant to this subsection shall be subject to the antitrust laws, as defined in the first section of the Clayton Act (15 U.S.C. 12), except that the docketing and publication of such rate by the carrier under section 10706(b) of this title shall not be construed as a violation of the antitrust laws. Evidence that any motor common carrier of passengers established pursuant to this subsection a joint or single-line rate applicable to transportation over any route which is the same as or similar to a joint rate applicable to transportation over such route which such carrier together with one or more other motor common carriers of passengers established pursuant to this subsection shall not be in and of itself sufficient to establish a violation of any such antitrust law. Nothing in this subsection shall limit the Commission's authority to suspend and investigate proposed rates on the basis that such rates may violate the provisions of section 10741 of this title or constitute predatory practices in contravention of the transportation policy set forth in section 10101(a) of this title.

(e) Notwithstanding any other provision of this title, 3 years after the effective date of this subsection, the Commission may not investigate, suspend, revise, or revoke any rate proposed by a motor common carrier of passengers on the grounds that such rate is unreasonable on the basis that it is too high or too low, unless the proposed rate is established collectively in accordance with the procedures of an agreement approved by the Commission under section 10706(b) of this title. In publishing and filing a tariff under section 10762 of this title, the carrier shall disclose whether such rate is the result of collective ratemaking procedures pursuant to an agreement approved by the Commission under section 10706(b) of this title.

(f) Notwithstanding any other provision of this title, an interested party may file a complaint under section 11701 of this title challenging the reasonableness of a rate filed under this section by a motor carrier of passengers. Any such complaint proceeding shall be finally determined by the Commission no later than 90 days after the filing of the complaint.

(g) Notwithstanding any other provision of this title, the Commission may not investigate, suspend, revise, or revoke any rate proposed by a motor common carrier of passengers applicable to special or charter transportation. Nothing in this subsection shall limit the Commission's authority to suspend and investigate proposed rates on the basis that such rates constitute predatory practices in contravention of the transportation policy set forth in section 10101(a) of this title.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1382; Pub. L. 96–296, §11, July 1, 1980, 94 Stat. 801; Pub. L. 97–261, §§11, 12(a), Sept. 20, 1982, 96 Stat. 1112, 1113; Pub. L. 99–521, §7(d), Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2995.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10708 49:15(7). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §15(7); added June 18, 1910, ch. 309, §12, 36 Stat. 552; Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §418, 41 Stat. 486; restated Mar. 4, 1927, ch. 510, §2, 44 Stat. 1447; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543; Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §10(c), 54 Stat. 912; Feb. 5, 1976, Pub. L. 94–210, §202(e)(1), 90 Stat. 36.
  49:316(g) (less proviso). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §216(g) (less proviso); added Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 559; Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §22(c), 54 Stat. 924; June 29, 1938, ch. 811, §16, 52 Stat. 240.
  49:318(c) (less proviso). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §218(c) (less proviso); added Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 562; restated Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §23(c), 54 Stat. 926.
  49:907(g) (less proviso), (i) (less proviso). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §307(g) (less proviso), (i) (less proviso); added Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §201, 54 Stat. 938.
  49:1006(e) (less proviso). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §406(e) (less proviso); added May 16, 1942, ch. 318, §1, 56 Stat. 288.

The section restates and consolidates the source provisions for clarity. The word "schedule" is omitted as unnecessary. The word "rate" is substituted for "rate, fare, or charge" in view of the definition of "rate" in section 10102 of this revised title. The word "may" is substituted for "shall have, and it is given, authority," for clarity. The words "without complaint . . . if it so orders" are omitted as surplus. The words "begin a proceeding" are substituted for "to enter upon a hearing" in view of subchapter II of chapter 5 of title 5. The words "suspend the proposed rate, classification, rule, or practice" are substituted for "suspend the operation of schedule and defer the use of such rate, fare, charge, classification, regulation, or practice" for clarity. The words "by order . . . by further order" are omitted as surplus. The words "after September 18, 1940" in 49:15(7), and "(except a schedule referred to in section 922 of this title)" in 49:907(g) and 907(i) are omitted as obsolete. The words "in violation of this subtitle" are substituted for "unjustified" for consistency. The words "shall give proceeding under this section preference over all other proceedings related to that type of carrier" are substituted for "shall give to the hearing and decision of such questions preference over all other questions pending" for clarity. The words "at the earliest practical time" are substituted for "as speedily as possible" for consistency. The last sentence of 49:15(7) is omitted as unnecessary in view of this restatement.

References in Text

The date of enactment of this paragraph, referred to in subsec. (d)(3)(A), (B), is the date of enactment of Pub. L. 96–296, which was approved July 1, 1980.

The effective date of this paragraph and the effective date of this subsection, referred to in subsecs. (d)(5) and (e), respectively, is the 60th day after Sept. 20, 1982, see section 31(a) of Pub. L. 97–261, set out as an Effective Date of 1982 Amendment note under section 10101 of this title.

Amendments

1986—Subsec. (d)(1), (2). Pub. L. 99–521 inserted "household goods" before "freight forwarder" in par. (1) and before "freight forwarders" wherever appearing in par. (2).

1982—Subsec. (d)(4), (5). Pub. L. 97–261, §11(a), added pars. (4) and (5). Former par. (4) redesignated (6).

Subsec. (d)(6). Pub. L. 97–261, §11(a), (b), redesignated former par. (4) as (6) and inserted provision that evidence that any motor common carrier of passengers established pursuant to this subsection a joint or single-line rate applicable to transportation over any route which is the same as or similar to a joint rate applicable to transportation over such route which such carrier together with one or more other motor common carriers of passengers established pursuant to this subsection shall not be in and of itself sufficient to establish a violation of any such antitrust law.

Subsecs. (e), (f). Pub. L. 97–261, §11(c), added subsecs. (e) and (f).

Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 97–261, §12(a), added subsec. (g).

1980—Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 96–296 added subsec. (d).

Effective Date of 1986 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 99–521 effective 60 days after Oct. 22, 1986, see section 15 of Pub. L. 99–521, set out as a note under section 10102 of this title.

Effective Date of 1982 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 97–261 effective on 60th day after Sept. 20, 1982, see section 31(a) of Pub. L. 97–261, set out as a note under section 10101 of this title.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in sections 10322, 10706, 10721 of this title.

§10709. Determination of market dominance in rail carrier rate proceedings

(a) In this section, "market dominance" means an absence of effective competition from other carriers or modes of transportation for the transportation to which a rate applies.

(b) When a rate for transportation by a rail carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under subchapter I of chapter 105 of this title is challenged as being unreasonably high, the Commission shall determine, within 90 days after the start of a proceeding under section 10707 of this title to investigate the lawfulness of that rate, whether the carrier proposing the rate has market dominance over the transportation to which the rate applies. The Commission may make that determination on its own initiative or on complaint. A finding by the Commission that the carrier does not have market dominance is determinative in a proceeding under this subtitle related to that rate or transportation unless changed or set aside by the Commission or set aside by a court of competent jurisdiction.

(c) When the Commission finds in any proceeding that a rail carrier proposing or defending a rate for transportation has market dominance over the transportation to which the rate applies, it may then determine that rate to be unreasonable if it exceeds a reasonable maximum for that transportation. However, a finding of market dominance does not establish a presumption that the proposed rate exceeds a reasonable maximum. This subsection does not limit the power of the Commission to suspend a rate under section 10707(c) of this title. However, if the Commission has found that a carrier does not have market dominance over the transportation to which the rate applies, the Commission may suspend an increase in that rate as being in excess of a reasonable maximum for that transportation only if it specifically changes or sets aside its prior determination of market dominance.

(d)(1) In this subsection—

(A) "fixed and variable cost" means all cost incurred by rail carriers in the transportation of freight, but limiting the return on equity capital to a rate equal to the embedded cost of debt.

(B)(i) "cost recovery percentage" means the lowest revenue-variable cost percentage which, if all movements that produced revenues resulting in revenue-variable cost percentages in excess of the cost recovery percentage are deemed to have produced only revenues resulting in the cost recovery percentage, would produce revenues which would be equal, when combined with total revenues produced by all other traffic transported by rail carrier, to the total fixed and variable cost of the transportation of all traffic by rail carrier.

(ii) for purposes of determining the cost recovery percentage only, "revenue-variable cost percentage" means the quotient, expressed as a percentage figure, obtained by dividing the total revenues produced by the transportation of all traffic received by rail carriers for rail transportation by the total variable cost of such transportation.


(2) In making a determination under this section, the Commission shall find that the rail carrier establishing the challenged rate does not have market dominance over the transportation to which the rate applies if such rail carrier proves that the rate charged results in a revenue-variable cost percentage for such transportation that is less than—

(A) 160 percent during the period beginning on the effective date of the Staggers Rail Act of 1980 and ending September 30, 1981;

(B) 165 percent during the period beginning October 1, 1981, and ending September 30, 1982;

(C) 170 percent during the period beginning October 1, 1982, and ending September 30, 1983;

(D) 175 percent or the cost recovery percentage, whichever is less, during the period beginning October 1, 1983, and ending September 30, 1984; and

(E) the cost recovery percentage, during each 12-month period beginning on or after October 1, 1984.


For purposes of subparagraphs (D) and (E) of this paragraph, the cost recovery percentage shall in no event be less than a revenue-variable cost percentage of 170 percent or more than a revenue-variable cost percentage of 180 percent.

(3) For purposes of determining the revenue-variable cost percentage for a particular transportation, variable costs shall be determined pursuant to section 10705a(m)(1) of this title, with adjustments specified by the Commission. A rail carrier may meet its burden of proof under this subsection by establishing its variable costs in accordance with such section 10705a(m)(1), but a shipper may rebut that showing by evidence of such type, and in accordance with such burden of proof, as the Commission shall prescribe.

(4) A finding by the Commission that a rate charged by a rail carrier results in a revenue-variable cost percentage for the transportation to which the rate applies that is equal to or greater than the applicable percentage under paragraph (2) of this subsection does not establish a presumption that (A) such rail carrier has or does not have market dominance over such transportation, or (B) the proposed rate exceeds or does not exceed a reasonable maximum.

(5)(A) Within 180 days after the effective date of the Staggers Rail Act of 1980 and on an annual basis thereafter, the Commission shall determine the cost recovery percentage for the transportation of all traffic received by rail carriers. The Commission shall make such determination after considering each individual revenue-variable cost percentage resulting from the revenues and costs of a valid and reliable statistical sample of all movements of commodities transported by class I rail carriers during the most recent calendar year for which such information is available.

(B) If, on the basis of calculations under subparagraph (A) of this paragraph, the Commission determines that revenues earned by all class I rail carriers during the previous calendar year do not exceed the fixed and variable costs of such carriers, then the cost recovery percentage for purposes of this section shall be deemed to be equal to the cost recovery percentage last determined by the Commission.

(C) The Commission shall, in its annual report submitted to the Congress under section 10311 of this title, set forth the cost recovery percentage determined for that year under subparagraph (A) of this paragraph.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1382; Pub. L. 96–448, title II, §202, Oct. 14, 1980, 94 Stat. 1900.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10709(a) 49:1(5)(c)(i). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §1(5)(b) (7th and 8th sentences), (c)(i); added Feb. 5, 1976, Pub. L. 94–210, §202(b), 90 Stat. 34.
10709(b) 49:15(9) (1st and 2d sentences). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §15(9); added Feb. 5, 1976, Pub. L. 94–210, §202(e)(2), 90 Stat. 36.
10709(c) 49:1(5)(b) (7th and 8th sentences), 15(9) (less 1st and 2d sentences).

In subsection (b), the words "providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under subchapter I of chapter 105 of this title" are added for clarity. The words "Following promulgation of standards under section 1(5)(d) of this chapter" are omitted as executed. The word "start" is substituted for "commencement" for clarity. The word "transportation" is substituted for "service" for consistency. The word "change" is substituted for "modify" for consistency.

In subsection (c), the word "However" is substituted for "except that" for clarity. The words "as being in excess" are substituted for "on the ground that such rate as increased exceeds" for clarity. The last 8 words of 49:15(9) are omitted as surplus. The words "Notwithstanding any other provision of this chapter" are omitted as unnecessary. The words "does not establish" are substituted for "shall not create" for clarity. The words "The subsection does not limit" are substituted for "nothing in this paragraph shall limit" for clarity.

References in Text

The effective date of the Staggers Rail Act of 1980, referred to in subsec. (d)(2)(A), (5)(A), probably means Oct. 1, 1980, the general effective date of Pub. L. 96–448. See section 710 of Pub. L. 96–448, set out as an Effective Date of 1980 Amendment note under section 10101 of this title.

Amendments

1980—Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 96–448 added subsec. (d).

Effective Date of 1980 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 96–448 effective Oct. 1, 1980, see section 710(a) of Pub. L. 96–448, set out as a note under section 10101 of this title.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in sections 10701a, 10705a, 10707a, 10711, 11167 of this title.

§10710. Elimination of discrimination against recyclable materials

The Interstate Commerce Commission shall maintain regulations that will eliminate discrimination against the transportation of recyclable materials in rate structures and in other Commission practices where discrimination exists.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1383.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10710 45:793. Jan. 2, 1974, Pub. L. 93–236, §603, 87 Stat. 1023.

The words "maintain regulations" are substituted for "adopt appropriate rules under the Interstate Commerce Act" for consistency in view of section 10321(a) of the revised title. The words "by expedited proceedings" are omitted as executed.

§10711. Effect of certain sections on rail rates and practices

Sections 10701(a) and (b), 10707, 10709, 10727,1 and 10728 of this title, related to rail carriers, do not—

(1) modify the application of sections 10701(c), 10726, 10741–10744, or 11103 of this title in determining whether a rate or practice complies with this subtitle;

(2) make a competitive practice that is unfair, destructive, predatory, or otherwise undermines competition that is necessary in the public interest comply with this subtitle;

(3) affect a law in existence on February 5, 1976, or the authority of the Interstate Commerce Commission related to rate relationships between ports; or

(4) affect the authority and responsibility of the Commission to guarantee the equalization of rates in the same port.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1383.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10711 49:1 (note). Feb. 5, 1976, Pub. L. 94–210, §202(f), 90 Stat. 39.

This section is included in the revised subtitle because it has general application to rail carriers. The words "Sections . . . do not" are substituted for "Nothing in the . . . shall be construed" for clarity because of the legal conclusion required by the words being replaced. The references to sections 10701(a) and (b), 10707, 10709, and 10728 are substituted for "the amendments made by this section" to cite the sections of the revised subtitle in which those amendments are codified. Reference to 49:1(5)(d), as added by section 202(b) of Public Law 94–210, is not made because 49:1(5)(d) is executed. See table II-B.

In clause (1), the references to section 10701(c), 10726, 10741–10744, and 11103 are substituted for "section 2, 3, or 4 of the Interstate Commerce Act (49 U.S.C. 2, 3, or 4)" to cite the sections of the revised subtitle in which those sections are codified. The words "complies with this subtitle" are substituted for "the lawfulness" and "lawful" for consistency with other sections of the revised title.

In clause (3), the words "in existence on February 5, 1976" are substituted for "existing law" to reflect the date of enactment of Public Law 94–210.

References in Text

Section 10727 of this title, referred to in text, was repealed by Pub. L. 96–448, title II, §209, Oct. 14, 1980, 94 Stat. 1910.

1 See References in Text note below.

§10712. Inflation-based rate increases

(a) The Commission may, on a quarterly basis and consistent with the rail transportation policy set forth in section 10101a of this title, prescribe a percentage rate increase or rate index for rail carriers in order to compensate for inflationary cost increases. Such percentage rate increase or rate index may be applicable on an industry-wide, territory-wide, or carrier-by-carrier basis.

(b) Within 60 days after the date the Commission prescribes a percentage rate increase or rate index under subsection (a) of this section, each rail carrier or group of rail carriers shall notify the Commission of any rate or group of rates which such carrier or carriers intend to be excluded from the application of such percentage rate increase or rate index.

(c) For purposes of this section, a percentage rate index may permit rate increases within a specified range to allow carriers to recover a total revenue increase specified by the Commission as necessary to compensate for inflationary cost increases.

(Added Pub. L. 96–448, title II, §206(a), Oct. 14, 1980, 94 Stat. 1906.)

Effective Date

Section effective Jan. 1, 1981, see section 710(b) of Pub. L. 96–448, set out as an Effective Date of 1980 Amendment note under section 10101 of this title.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in sections 10707a, 11501 of this title.

§10713. Contracts

(a) One or more rail carriers providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under subchapter I of chapter 105 of this title may enter into a contract with one or more purchasers of rail services to provide specified services under specified rates and conditions. Such a rail carrier may not enter into a contract with purchasers of rail service except as provided in this section.

(b)(1) Each contract entered into under this section shall be filed with the Commission, together with a summary of the contract containing such nonconfidential information as the Commission prescribes. The Commission shall publish special tariff rules for such contracts in order to assure that the essential terms of the contract are available to the general public in tariff format.

(2)(A) The essential terms of any contract for the transportation of agricultural commodities to be made available to the general public in tariff format under this subsection shall include, but shall not be limited to (i) the identity of the shipper party to the contract; (ii) the specific origins, transit points and other shipper facilities subject to the contract, and destinations served under such contract; (iii) the duration of the contract, including provisions for optional extension; (iv) the actual volume requirements, if any; (v) whether any transportation service has begun under a contract before the date such contract is filed with or approved by the Commission, and (vi) the date on which the contract became applicable to the transportation services provided under the contract. The Commission shall interpret this subsection to provide for liberal discovery to shippers seeking remedies under subsection (d)(2)(B) of this section.

(B) Any amendment, supplement, or change to any term or provision of any contract described in subparagraph (A), including extensions of such contract, changes of origin, transit points, affected shipper facilities, destination points, or negotiated economic terms, shall be deemed to be a separate and new contract for the purposes of this subsection. Such amendments, supplements, or changes shall be filed separately with the Commission as provided in paragraph (1).

(C) Within 60 days after the date of the enactment of the Conrail Privatization Act, the Commission shall issue regulations which require that essential terms of contracts described in subparagraph (A) shall be made available to the general public in tariff format as provided in this paragraph.

(D) The railroad contract rate advisory service established pursuant to subsection (m) of this section shall assess the impact on competition among agricultural shippers of variations between contract rates for various shipments and the published single car rates, and shall submit a report to the Congress not later than 120 days after the date of the enactment of the Conrail Privatization Act.

(c) A contract filed under this section shall be approved by the Commission, as provided in subsection (e) of this section, unless the Commission determines in a proceeding under subsection (d) of this section that such contract is in violation of this section.

(d)(1) No later than 30 days after the date of filing of a contract under this section, the Commission may, on its own initiative or on complaint, begin a proceeding to review such contract on the grounds described in this subsection.

(2)(A) In the case of a contract other than a contract for the transportation of agricultural commodities (including forest products and paper), a complaint may be filed—

(i) by a shipper only on the grounds that such shipper individually will be harmed because the proposed contract unduly impairs the ability of the contracting carrier or carriers to meet their common carrier obligations to the complainant under section 11101 of this title; or

(ii) by a port only on the grounds that such port individually will be harmed because the proposed contract will result in unreasonable discrimination against such port.


(B) In the case of a contract for the transportation of agricultural commodities (including forest products and paper), in addition to the grounds for a complaint described in subparagraph (A) of this paragraph, a complaint may be filed by a shipper on the grounds that such shipper individually will be harmed because—

(i) the rail carrier has unreasonably discriminated by refusing to enter into a contract with such shipper for rates and services for the transportation of the same type of commodity under similar conditions to the contract at issue, and that shipper was ready, willing, and able to enter into such a contract at a time essentially contemporaneous with the period during which the contract at issue was offered; or

(ii) the proposed contract constitutes a destructive competitive practice under this subtitle.


In making a determination under clause (ii) of this subparagraph, the Commission shall consider the difference between contract rates and published single car rates.

(C) For purposes of this paragraph, the term "unreasonable discrimination" has the same meaning as such term has under section 10741 of this title.

(3)(A) Within 30 days after the date a proceeding is commenced under paragraph (1) of this subsection, or within such shorter time period after such date as the Commission may establish, the Commission shall determine whether the contract that is the subject of such proceeding is in violation of this section.

(B) If the Commission determines, on the basis of a complaint filed under paragraph (2)(B)(i) of this subsection, that the grounds for a complaint described in such paragraph have been established with respect to a carrier, the Commission shall, subject to the provisions of this section, order such carrier to provide rates and service substantially similar to the contract at issue with such differentials in terms and conditions as are justified by the evidence.

(e) Approval of a contract filed under this section shall be effective—

(1) on the date the Commission expressly approves such contract, but in no event before the end of the 30-day period beginning on the date such contract is filed or after the end of the 60-day period beginning on such date; or

(2) if the Commission has not disapproved such contract by the end of the 60-day period beginning on the date such contract is filed, at the end of such 60-day period.


(f) The Commission may limit the right of a rail carrier to enter into future contracts under this section following a determination that additional contracts would impair the ability of the rail carrier to fulfill its common carrier obligations under section 11101 of this title.

(g) The Commission may not require a rail carrier to violate the terms of a contract that has been approved under this section, except to the extent necessary to comply with section 11128 of this title.

(h) A party to a contract entered into under this section shall have no duty in connection with services provided under such contract other than those duties specified by the terms of the contract.

(i)(1) A contract that is approved by the Commission under this section, and transportation under such contract, shall not be subject to this subtitle, and may not be subsequently challenged before the Commission or in any court on the grounds that such contract violates a provision of this subtitle.

(2) The exclusive remedy for any alleged breach of a contract entered into under this section shall be an action in an appropriate State court or United States district court, unless the parties otherwise agree.

(j) The provisions of this section shall not affect the status of any lawful contract between a rail carrier and one or more purchasers of rail service that is in effect on the effective date of the Staggers Rail Act of 1980. Any such contract shall hereafter have the same force and effect as if it had been entered into in accordance with the provisions of this section. Nothing in this section shall affect the rights of the parties to challenge the existence of such a contract.

(k)(1) Any rail carrier may, in accordance with the terms of this section, enter into contracts for the transportation of agricultural commodities (including forest products, but not including wood pulp, wood chips, pulpwood or paper) involving the utilization of carrier owned or leased equipment not in excess of 40 percent of the capacity of such carrier's owned or leased equipment by major car type (plain boxcars, covered hopper cars, gondolas and open top hoppers, coal cars, bulkhead flatcars, pulpwood rackcars, and flatbed equipment, including TOFC/COFC), except that in the case of a proposed contract between a class I carrier and a shipper originating an average of 1,000 cars or more per year during the prior 3-year period by major car type on a particular carrier, not more than 40 percent of carrier owned or leased equipment utilized on the average during the prior 3-year period may be used for such contract without prior authorization by the Commission.

(2) The Commission may, on request of a rail carrier or other party or on its own initiative, grant such relief from the limitations of paragraph (1) of this subsection as the Commission considers appropriate, if it appears that additional equipment may be made available without impairing the rail carrier's ability to meet its common carrier obligations under section 11101 of this title.

(l) Service under a contract approved under this section shall be deemed to be a separate and distinct class of service, and the equipment used in the fulfillment of such a contract shall not be subject to car service decisions under section 11123 of this title.

(m) The Commission shall establish a railroad contract rate advisory service. The advisory service shall—

(1) compile and disseminate to interested parties nonconfidential summaries of the provisions of individual contract information relating to the provisions of contracts entered into under this section with regard to various goods, items, and commodities covered by such contracts;

(2) provide the Commission and interested parties with advice regarding contracts; and

(3) assess the impact on competition among shippers of variations between contract rates for various shipments and the published single car rates, and submit a report on such impact to the Congress not later than 90 days after the effective date of the Staggers Rail Act of 1980.

(Added Pub. L. 96–448, title II, §208(a), Oct. 14, 1980, 94 Stat. 1908; amended Pub. L. 97–468, title V, §502, Jan. 14, 1983, 96 Stat. 2552; Pub. L. 99–509, title IV, §4051, Oct. 21, 1986, 100 Stat. 1910.)

References in Text

The date of the enactment of the Conrail Privatization Act, referred to in subsec. (b)(2)(C), (D), is the date of enactment of subtitle A of title IV of Pub. L. 99–509, which was approved Oct. 21, 1986.

The effective date of the Staggers Rail Act of 1980, referred to in subsecs. (j) and (m)(3), probably means Oct. 1, 1980, the general effective date of Pub. L. 96–448. See section 710 of Pub. L. 96–448, set out as an Effective Date of 1980 Amendment note under section 10101 of this title.

Amendments

1986—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 99–509 designated existing provisions as par. (1) and added par. (2).

1983—Subsec. (k)(1). Pub. L. 97–468 substituted ", but not including wood pulp, wood chips, pulpwood or paper)" for "and paper)".

Effective Date

Section effective Oct. 1, 1980, see section 710(a) of Pub. L. 96–448, set out as an Effective Date of 1980 Amendment note under section 10101 of this title.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in sections 10741, 10762, 11101 of this title; title 45 section 1207.

SUBCHAPTER II—SPECIAL CIRCUMSTANCES

§10721. Government traffic

(a)(1) Except as provided in this section, the full applicable commercial rate shall be paid for transportation for the United States Government by a common carrier providing transportation or service subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under this subtitle. Section 3709 of the Revised Statutes (41 U.S.C. 5) does not apply when transportation for the United States Government can be obtained from a common carrier lawfully operating in the area where the transportation will be provided. When prescribing rates for transportation or service by those common carriers, the Commission shall consider increased revenues those carriers receive under this subsection to reflect those increases in appropriate readjustments of their rates.

(2) Paragraph (1) of this subsection does not apply, and the law related to compensation for transportation for the United States Government in effect immediately before September 18, 1940, applies to a rail carrier if that carrier, or its predecessor in interest, received a grant of land from the United States to aid in constructing the railroad it operates but did not file a release with the Secretary of the Interior before September 18, 1941, of claims against the United States Government to, or arising out of, lands that were granted, claimed to have been granted, or claimed should have been granted to that carrier or its predecessor in interest. This paragraph does not require a rail carrier to reconvey to the United States land patented or certified to it or prevent the patent of land that the Secretary of the Interior found was sold by the carrier to an innocent purchaser for value or as preventing the patent of land listed or selected by the carrier and finally approved by the Secretary of the Interior to the extent that issuance of those patents is authorized by law.

(b)(1) A common carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter I, II, or III of chapter 105 of this title may transport individuals for the United States Government without charge or at reduced rates. The carriers may transport custom inspectors and immigration officers without charge. A common carrier providing transportation or service subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under chapter 105 of this title shall provide transportation for the United States Postal Service under chapters 50 and 52 of title 39, and may transport property for the United States Government, a State, or municipal government without charge or at reduced rates; except that any rates for the transportation of household goods for the United States Government shall not be predatory.

(2) Unless a carrier is advised by the United States Government that disclosure of a quotation or tender of a rate established under paragraph (1) of this subsection for transportation provided to the United States Government would endanger the national security, the carrier shall file the quoted or tendered rate, including a retroactive rate made after the transportation has been provided, concurrently, with the Commission and the department, agency, or instrumentality of the United States Government for which the quotation or tender was made or for which the proposed transportation is to be provided. A carrier may quote or tender a rate established under an agreement made and approved under section 10706 of this title, but the exemption from the antitrust laws provided by that section applies only when the filing requirements of this paragraph are met.

(3) Nothing in this subsection shall limit the Commission's authority to suspend and investigate proposed rates for the transportation of household goods for the United States Government on the basis that such rates constitute predatory practices in contravention of the transportation policy set forth in section 10101(a) of this title. However, pending final Commission action in a proceeding under section 10708 of this title to determine whether a proposed rate for the transportation of household goods for the United States Government under this subsection is predatory or not, the Commission may suspend the proposed rate under subsection (b) of such section 10708 only if it appears from specific facts shown by the verified complaint of a person that—

(A) without suspension, the proposed rate will cause substantial injury to the complainant; and

(B) it is likely that the complainant will prevail on the merits.


(c) A different policy, rule of rate making, system of accounting, method of determining costs of transportation, value of property, or rate of return may not be applied to a water carrier owned or controlled by the United States Government than is applied to a water carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter III of chapter 105 of this title.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1383; Pub. L. 96–454, §10(b), Oct. 15, 1980, 94 Stat. 2022; Pub. L. 103–272, §5(m)(22), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1378.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10721(a)(1) 49:65(a). Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §321, 54 Stat. 954; Dec. 12, 1945, ch. 573, §1, 59 Stat. 606.
  49:65a. Dec. 12, 1945, ch. 573, §3, 59 Stat. 607.
10721(a)(2) 49:65 (less (a)).
10721(b) 49:1(7) (1st sentence 32 words before 8th semicolon–9th semicolon). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §1(7) (1st sentence 32 words before 8th semicolon–9th semicolon); added June 29, 1906, ch. 3591, §1, 34 Stat. 584; restated April 13, 1908, ch. 143, §1, 35 Stat. 60; June 18, 1910, ch. 309, §7, 36 Stat. 546; Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §401, 41 Stat. 475; June 19, 1934, ch. 652, §602(b), 48 Stat. 1102; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543; Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §3, 54 Stat. 900; June 27, 1952, ch. 477, §402(g), 66 Stat. 277.
  49:22(1) (1st sentence 1st–26th and 62d–76th words), (2) (less 1st sentence proviso). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, §22(1) (1st sentence 1st–26th and 62d–76th words), (2) (less 1st sentence proviso), 24 Stat. 387; restated Mar. 2, 1889, ch. 382, §9, 25 Stat. 862; Aug. 18, 1922, ch. 280, §1, 42 Stat. 827; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543; Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §3, 54 Stat. 900; Aug. 31, 1957, Pub. L. 85–246, §1, 71 Stat. 564; Oct. 19, 1976, Pub. L. 94–555, §220(n), 90 Stat. 2630.
  49:317(b) (proviso). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §217(b) (proviso); added Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 560; Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §22(e), 54 Stat. 925.
  49:906(c) (proviso). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §306(c) (proviso); added Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §201, 54 Stat. 936.
  49:1005(c) (proviso). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §405(c) (proviso); added May 16, 1942, ch. 318, §1, 56 Stat. 287.
10721(c) 49:903(i). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §303(i); added Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §201, 54 Stat. 933; May 16, 1946, Reorg. Plan No. 3 of 1946, §§101–104, 60 Stat. 1097.

In subsection (a)(1), the words "Except as provided in this section" are substituted for "Notwithstanding any other provision of law, but subject to the provisions of sections 1(7) and 22 of the Interstate Commerce Act, as amended" since the relevant parts of those sections are incorporated in this revised section. The term "rates" is substituted for "rates, fares, and charges" throughout this section in view of the definition of "rate" in section 10102 of the revised title. The words "the rate determined by the Interstate Commerce Commission as reasonable therefore shall be paid" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement. The words ": Provided, however, That" are omitted as surplus. The words "may enter into contracts for the transportation of" are omitted as unnecessary. The words "When prescribing" are substituted for "in the exercise of its power to prescribe" for clarity. The words "just and reasonable" are omitted as unnecessary in view of section 10701 of the revised title. The words "shall consider" are substituted for "shall give due consideration" for clarity. The words "under this subsection" are substituted for "as a result of the enactment of section 65 of this title" in view of the restatement. The words "to shippers" are omitted as surplus.

In subsection (a)(2), the words "Paragraph (1) of this subsection does not apply, and the law related to compensation for transportation for the United States Government in effect immediately before September 18, 1940, applies" are substituted for "the provisions of law with respect to compensation for such transportation shall continue to apply to such transportation as though subsection (a) of this section had not been enacted" for clarity. The words "in the form and manner prescribed by him" are omitted as executed. The words "did not file a release . . . before September 18, 1941" are substituted for 49:65(b) (2d sentence) for clarity. The words "This paragraph does not require" are substituted for "Nothing in this section shall be construed as requiring" are being more precise. The word "heretofore" is omitted as surplus.

In subsection (b), the words "transportation" and "rate" are substituted for "carriage, storage, or handling of property" and "rate, charge or fare" in view of the definitions of "transportation" and "rate" in section 10102 of this revised title.

In subsection (b)(1), the words "A common carrier providing transportation or service subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under chapter 105 of this title" are substituted for the text of the provisos of 49:317(b), 906(c), and 1005(c) for clarity. The words "shall provide transportation for the United States Postal Service under chapters 50 and 52 of title 39" are added to conform 49:1(7) with title 39.

In subsection (b)(2), the words "Unless a carrier is advised by" are substituted for "The provisions of this paragraph . . . shall not apply to . . . as indicated" for clarity. The words "department, agency, or instrumentality of the United States Government for which the quotation or tender was made" are substituted for "any agency or department thereof, for whose account the quotations or tenders are offered" for clarity. The words "for the transportation, storage, or handling of property or the transportation of persons free or at reduced rates" in 49:22(2) are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement. The words "for transportation provided to the United States" are added for clarity. The words "including a retroactive rate made after the transportation has been provided" are substituted for "including . . . those for retroactive application whether negotiated or renegotiated after the services have been performed" for clarity. The words "shall be in writing or confirmed in writing" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement. The words "the carrier shall" are substituted for "shall be submitted . . . by the carrier or carriers offering such tenders or quotations" for consistency. The words "in the manner specified by the Commission" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the general power of the Commission to prescribe regulations to carry out this subtitle in section 10321. The last sentence is substituted for "and only upon the submittal of such a quotation or tender made pursuant to an agreement approved by the Commission under section 5b or section 5c shall the provisions of paragraph (9) of such section 5b or paragraph (8) of such section 5c apply" for clarity in view of section 10706 of the revised title. The words "(a) was made prior to August 31, 1957, or (b) is on or after August 31, 1957, made" are omitted as executed. The 3d sentence of 49:22(2) is omitted as unnecessary in view of section 10303(b) of the revised title.

In subsection (c), the words "A different policy . . . may not be applied to" are substituted for "In the application of the provisions of this chapter . . . no different policy . . . shall be applied" as being more precise.

Amendments

1994—Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 103–272 substituted "Section 3709 of the Revised Statutes (41 U.S.C. 5)" for "Section 5 of title 41".

1980—Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 96–454, §10(b)(1), inserted provision that rates for the transportation of household goods for the United States Government shall not be predatory.

Subsec. (b)(3). Pub. L. 96–454, §10(b)(2), added par. (3).

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in sections 11126, 11905 of this title; title 31 section 3726.

§10722. Special passenger rates

(a) A common carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under subchapter I, II, or III of chapter 105 of this title may establish mileage, excursion, and commutation passenger rates including joint interchangeable 5,000 mile passenger rates with the privilege of carrying an amount of baggage without charge for at least 1,000 miles. A carrier that establishes a rate under this subsection may issue tickets reflecting that rate. A carrier that establishes a joint interchangeable 5,000 mile passenger rate shall also establish rules related to that rate specifying the amount of baggage that may be carried without charge under it.

(b) A common carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under one of those subchapters may establish reduced rates for individuals when the cost of that transportation is an expense of an individual who—

(1) is a member of the armed forces of the United States or another country when that individual is traveling in uniform on official leave, furlough, or pass; or

(2) has been released from the armed forces of the United States not more than 30 days before beginning that transportation and is traveling home or to a prospective place of abode.


(c) A common carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under one of those subchapters may provide transportation without charge for an individual who is—

(1) a necessary caretaker of livestock, poultry, milk, or fruit;

(2) an executive officer, general chairman, or counsel of an employee organization authorized to represent employees of that carrier under chapter 8 of title 45;

(3) an employee in charge of the mails when working or traveling to or from work;

(4) a newspaper carrier on a train;

(5) a baggage agent; or

(6) a witness attending a legal investigation in which that carrier has an interest.


(d)(1) In this subsection—

(A) "employee of a carrier" includes an individual who—

(i) is furloughed, pensioned, or not on active duty because of advanced age or infirmity that occurred while the individual was employed by that carrier;

(ii) is being transported for purposes of reemployment by that carrier; or

(iii) was killed while employed by a carrier.


(B) "family" refers to the family of an individual named in clause (A) of this paragraph and includes the surviving spouse or minor child of an employee who died while employed by a carrier.


(2) A common carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter I, II, or III of chapter 105 of this title may provide transportation without charge for officers and employees (and their families) of that carrier, another carrier (by exchange of passes or tickets), or a telegraph, telephone, or cable company. A household goods freight forwarder providing service subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter IV of that chapter may provide services related to movement of property for those individuals without charge. However, transportation of, or service provided for, household goods must be due to a change in the place of employment of an officer or employee while employed by that carrier.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1384; Pub. L. 97–261, §29(a), (b), Sept. 20, 1982, 96 Stat. 1128; Pub. L. 99–521, §7(e), Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2995.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10722(a) 49:22(1) (1st sentence (77th–86th words and 2d proviso), 2d, 3d, and 4th sentences). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, §22(1) (1st sentence (77th–86th words, words between 2d and 5th semicolons, and 2d proviso), 2d, 3d, and 4th sentences), 24 Stat. 387; Mar. 2, 1889, ch. 382, §9, 25 Stat. 862; Feb. 8, 1895, ch. 61, §1, 28 Stat. 643; Aug. 18, 1922, ch. 280, §1, 42 Stat. 487; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543; Sept. 27, 1944, ch. 423, §1, 58 Stat. 751.
  49:317(b) (proviso). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §217(b) (proviso); added Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 560; Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §22(e), 54 Stat. 925.
  49:906(c) (proviso). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §306(c) (proviso); added Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §201, 54 Stat. 936.
10722(b) 49:22(1) (1st sentence words between 2d and 4th semicolons).
  49:317(b) (proviso).
  49:906(c) (proviso).
10722(c), (d) 49:1(7) (1st sentence words before 2d semicolon, words between 5th semicolon and 21st word after 7th semicolon, 1st–18th words after 9th semicolon, 1st proviso (words before semicolon), 2d, and 3d provisos). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §1(7) (1st sentence words before 2d semicolon, words between 5th semicolon and 21st word after 7th semicolon, 1st–18th words after 9th semicolon, 1st proviso (words before semicolon), 2d, and 3d provisos); added June 29, 1906, ch. 3591, §1, 34 Stat. 584; Apr. 13, 1908, ch. 143, §1, 35 Stat. 60; restated June 18, 1910, ch. 309, §7, 36 Stat. 546; Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §401, 41 Stat. 475; June 19, 1934, ch. 652, §602(b), 48 Stat. 1102; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543; Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §3, 54 Stat. 900; June 24, 1948, ch. 622, §1, 62 Stat. 602.
  49:22(1) (1st sentence words between 4th and 5th semicolons).
  49:317(b) (proviso).
  49:906(c) (proviso).
  49:1005(c) (proviso). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §405(c) (proviso); added May 16, 1942, ch. 318, §1, 56 Stat. 287.

In subsection (a), the text of the provisos in 49:317(b) and 906(c) is omitted in view of the restatement. The words "may establish" are inserted for clarity. In the first sentence, the word "rates" is substituted for "tickets" for clarity. The words "without charge" are substituted for "free" for clarity. The words "at least" are substituted for "or more" for clarity. The 2d, 3d, and 4th sentences of 49:22(1) are omitted as unnecessary in view of subchapter IV of chapter 107 and chapter 119 of the revised title.

In subsection (b), the provisos in 49:317(b) and 906(c) are omitted in view of the restatement of 49:22. The word "may" is substituted for "nothing . . . shall be construed to prohibit" for clarity. The word "establish" is substituted for "establishing by publication and filing in the manner prescribed" for clarity and consistency in view of subchapter IV of chapter 107 of the revised title. The words "is an expense of" are substituted for "their own" for clarity. The word "individual" is inserted for clarity. The word "member" is substituted for "personnel" as being more precise. The words "armed forces" are substituted for "armed services" to conform to title 10. The words "another country" are substituted for "foreign armed services" for clarity. The words "of those services" are omitted as surplus. The word "released" is substituted for "discharged, retired or released" to eliminate redundancy. The words "not more than" are substituted for "within" for consistency. The words "beginning that" are substituted for "commencement of such" for clarity.

In subsection (c), the words "employees on sleeping cars, express cars, and to linemen on telegraph and telephone companies" are omitted to eliminate redundancy in view of subsection (d) of the revised section. The word "working" is substituted for "duty" for clarity.

In subsection (d)(1), the words "In this subsection" are substituted for "as used in this paragraph" to conform to the revised title. The word "individual" is substituted for "persons" as being more precise. The words "was employed by that carrier" are substituted for "in the service of any such common carrier" for clarity. The words "the remains of a" are omitted as unnecessary. The word "reemployment" is substituted for "ex-employees traveling for the purpose of entering the service" for clarity. The words "refers to the family of an individual named in clause (A) of this paragraph" are substituted for "shall include families of those persons named in this proviso, also the families of persons killed" for clarity. The words "during minority" are omitted as surplus. The words "while employed by" are substituted for "while in the service of" for clarity.

In subsection (d)(2), the words "A common carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter I, II, or III of chapter 105 of this title" are inserted to conform the provisos of 49:317(b) and 49:306(c) to the revised title. The words "their families" are substituted for "the families of any of the foregoing" for clarity. The word "transportation" is substituted for "carriage, storage, or handling" for consistency. The words "time inspectors, surgeons, physicians, and attorneys at law" are omitted as included in "officers and employees". The words "A freight forwarder providing service subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter IV of that chapter" are inserted to conform the proviso of 49:1005(c) to the revised title. The words "other personal effects" from 49:22(1) are omitted as surplus. The words "due to a change in the place of employment" are substituted for "necessarily be moved from one place to another as a result of a change in the place of employment" for clarity.

Amendments

1986—Subsec. (d)(2). Pub. L. 99–521 inserted "household goods" before "freight forwarder".

1982—Subsec. (c)(4). Pub. L. 97–261, §29(a), substituted "newspaper carrier" for "newsboy".

Subsec. (d)(1)(B). Pub. L. 97–261, §29(b), substituted "surviving spouse" for "widow".

Effective Date of 1986 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 99–521 effective 60 days after Oct. 22, 1986, see section 15 of Pub. L. 99–521, set out as a note under section 10102 of this title.

Effective Date of 1982 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 97–261 effective on 60th day after Sept. 20, 1982, see section 31(a) of Pub. L. 97–261, set out as a note under section 10101 of this title.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in sections 11126, 11905 of this title; title 31 section 3726.

§10723. Charitable purposes

(a)(1) A common carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under subchapter I, II, or III of chapter 105 of this title may provide transportation without charge for—

(A) an indigent or homeless individual (including an individual transported by a hospital, charitable organization, or municipal government and the necessary agents employed in that transportation);

(B) an individual who is confined to or about to enter or return home after discharge from a—

(i) facility of the Department of Veterans Affairs;

(ii) State home for disabled volunteer soldiers; or

(iii) soldiers' and sailors' home, under an arrangement with the board of managers of that facility;


(C) a minister of religion; and

(D) an individual who is confined to a hospital or charitable facility.


(2) A common carrier providing transportation or service subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under chapter 105 of this title may provide transportation for property without charge or at a reduced rate for—

(A) a charitable purpose, including transportation referred to in paragraph (1) of this subsection; or

(B) use in a public exhibition.


(b)(1) A common carrier subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter I, II, or III of that chapter may provide transportation without charge to an individual who is—

(A) engaged only in charitable work;

(B) injured in an accident (together with the physicians and nurses attending that individual); or

(C) an individual traveling on behalf of a nonprofit organization which provides recreational, housing or other services and benefits for the general welfare of employees of common carriers.


(2) That carrier (other than a motor carrier of passengers) may also establish a rate and related rule equal to the rate charged for the transportation of one individual when that rate is for the transportation of—

(A) a totally blind individual and an accompanying guide or a dog trained to guide the individual; or

(B) a disabled individual and accompanying attendant when required because of the disability.


(3) In the case of a motor carrier of passengers, that carrier may also establish a rate and related rule equal to the rate charged for the transportation of 1 individual when that rate is for the transportation of—

(A) a totally blind individual and an accompanying guide or a dog trained to guide the individual;

(B) a disabled individual and accompanying attendant, or animal trained to assist the individual, or both, when required because of disability; or

(C) a hearing-impaired individual and a dog trained to assist the individual.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1385; Pub. L. 97–261, §29(c), Sept. 20, 1982, 96 Stat. 1128; Pub. L. 102–54, §13(s), June 13, 1991, 105 Stat. 282; Pub. L. 102–240, title IV, §4011, Dec. 18, 1991, 105 Stat. 2156.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large)
10723(a) 49:1(7) (1st sentence 1st–4th and 13th–20th words after 2d semicolon and words between 3d and 5th semicolons). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §1(7) (1st sentence words between 2d and 5th semicolons and last 11 words before 1st proviso); added June 29, 1906, ch. 3591, §1, 34 Stat. 584; Apr. 13, 1908, ch. 143, §1, 35 Stat. 60; restated June 18, 1910, ch. 309, §7, 36 Stat. 546; Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §401, 41 Stat. 475; June 19, 1934, ch. 652, §602(b), 48 Stat. 1102; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543.
  49:22(1) (1st sentence 27th–61st words and words between 1st and 2d semicolons). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, §22(1) (1st sentence 27th–61st words, words between 1st and 2d semicolons, and words between 6th semicolon and before 1st proviso), 24 Stat. 387; restated Mar. 2, 1889, ch. 382, §9, 25 Stat. 862; Aug. 18, 1922, ch. 280, §1, 42 Stat. 827; Feb. 26, 1927, ch. 217, §1, 44 Stat. 1247; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543; July 5, 1937, ch. 432, §1, 50 Stat. 475; Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §3(d), (e), 54 Stat. 901; July 27, 1956, ch. 759, §1, 70 Stat. 702; Aug. 31, 1957, Pub. L. 85–246, §1(a), 71 Stat. 564; Sept. 2, 1958, Pub. L. 85–857, §13(a), 72 Stat. 1264.
  49:317(b) (proviso). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §217(b) (proviso); added Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 561; Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §22(e), 54 Stat. 925.
  49:906(c) (proviso). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §306(c) (proviso); added Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §201, 54 Stat. 936.
  49:1005(c) (proviso). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §405(c) (proviso); added May 16, 1942, ch. 318, §1, 56 Stat. 287.
10723(b)(1) 49:1(7) (1st sentence 5th–12th and 21st–29th words after 2d semicolon and last 11 words before 1st proviso).

49:317(b) (proviso).

49:906(c) (proviso).

10723(b)(2) 49:22(1) (1st sentence words between 6th semicolon and 1st proviso).
  49:317(b) (proviso).

49:906(c) (proviso).

49:1005(c) (proviso).

Subsection (a) is made applicable to motor and water common carriers in view of 49:317(b) (proviso) and 906(c) (proviso). The words "may provide transportation without charge" are inserted for consistency. The words "indigent or homeless individual" are substituted for "indigent, destitute, and homeless persons" to eliminate redundancy. The words "charitable organization" are substituted for "charitable and eleemosynary institutions" to eliminate redundancy. The words "Veterans' Administration facility" are substituted for "National Homes" since the National Home for Disabled Volunteer Soldiers was dissolved by the Act of July 3, 1930, ch. 863, §§1, 3, 5, 46 Stat. 1016, which provided for the consolidation of that Home and its functions in the Veterans' Administration. The consolidation was carried out under Ex. Ord. No. 5398, July 21, 1930. The words "soldiers' and sailors' home" are substituted for "Soldiers' and Sailors' Homes" and "Soldiers' and Sailors' Orphan Homes" as being more inclusive. The words "confined to" are substituted for "inmates of" as being more appropriate. Paragraph (2) is added in view of 49:317(b) (proviso), 906(c) (proviso), and 1005(c) (proviso). The words "referred to in paragraph (1) of this subsection" are substituted for 49:22(1) (first sentence 28th–61st words and words between 1st and 2d semicolons) for consistency. Paragraph (2) is made applicable to subsection (a)(1)(D) in view of the words "or for charitable purposes" in 49:22(1). The words "use in a public exhibition" are substituted for "to or from fairs and expositions for exhibition thereat" to eliminate redundancy.

In subsection (b), the word "eleemosynary" is omitted to eliminate redundancy. The word "accident" is substituted for "wrecks" as being more appropriate.

In subsection (b)(2), the words "an accompanying guide or a dog trained to guide the individual" are substituted for "accompanied by a guide or seeing-eye dog or other dog specially trained for that purpose" to eliminate redundancy. The words "attendant when required because of the disability" are substituted for "by an attendant if such person is disabled to the extent of requiring such attendant" for clarity. The words "related rule" are substituted for "reasonable regulations" for consistency. The words "may establish" are substituted for "as may have been established by the carrier" for clarity. The text of the provisos of 49:317(b), 906(c), and 1005(c) are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement.

Amendments

1991—Subsec. (a)(1)(B)(i). Pub. L. 102–54 substituted "facility of the Department of Veterans Affairs" for "Veterans' Administration facility".

Subsec. (b)(2). Pub. L. 102–240, §4011(1), inserted "(other than a motor carrier of passengers)" in introductory provisions.

Subsec. (b)(3). Pub. L. 102–240, §4011(2), added par. (3).

1982—Subsec. (b)(1)(C). Pub. L. 97–261 substituted provision relating to an individual traveling on behalf of a nonprofit organization which provides recreational, housing or other services and benefits for the general welfare of employees of common carriers for provision relating to a traveling secretary of a railroad Young Men's Christian Association.

Effective Date of 1982 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 97–261 effective on 60th day after Sept. 20, 1982, see section 31(a) of Pub. L. 97–261, set out as a note under section 10101 of this title.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in sections 11126, 11905 of this title; title 31 section 3726.

§10724. Emergency rates

(a) A common carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under subchapter I, II, or III of chapter 105 of this title may transport passengers without charge to provide relief during general emergencies.

(b)(1) The Commission may authorize a common carrier providing transportation or service subject to its jurisdiction under chapter 105 of this title to give reduced rates for service and transportation of property to or from an area in the United States to provide relief during emergencies. When the Commission takes action under this subsection, it must—

(A) define the area of the United States in which the reduced rates will apply;

(B) specify the period during which the reduced rates are to be in effect; and

(C) define the class of persons entitled to the reduced rates.


(2) The Commission may specify those persons entitled to reduced rates by reference to those persons designated as being in need of relief by the United States Government or by a State government authorized to assist in providing relief during the emergency. The Commission may act under this subsection without regard to subchapter II of chapter 103 of this title and subchapter II of chapter 5 of title 5.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1386.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large)
10724(a) 49:1(7) (1st sentence 1st proviso, words between semicolon and colon). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §1(7) (1st sentence 1st proviso, words between semicolon and colon); added June 29, 1906, ch. 3591, §1, 34 Stat. 584; Apr. 13, 1908, ch. 143, §1, 35 Stat. 60; restated June 18, 1910, ch. 309, §7, 36 Stat. 546; Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §401, 41 Stat. 475; June 19, 1934, ch. 652, §602(b), 48 Stat. 1102; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543.
  49:317(b) (proviso). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §217(b) (proviso); added Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 560; Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §22(e), 54 Stat. 925.
  49:906(c) (proviso). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §306(c) (proviso); added Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §201, 54 Stat. 936.
10724(b) 49:22(1) (last 2 sentences). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §22(1) (last 2 sentences); added Mar. 4, 1927, ch. 510, §1, 44 Stat. 1446; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543; restated Aug. 25, 1937, ch. 776, §1, 50 Stat. 809.
  49:317(b) (proviso).
  49:906(c) (proviso).
  49:1005(c) (proviso). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §405(c) (proviso); added May 16, 1942, ch. 318, §1, 56 Stat. 287.

In subsection (a), the words "subchapter I, II, or III of chapter 105 of this title" are inserted because 49:317(b) (proviso) and 906(c) (proviso) make this subsection apply to motor and water common carriers. The words "without charge" are substituted for "free" for clarity and consistency. The words "to provide" are substituted for "with the object of providing" as being more precise. The word "emergencies" is substituted for "general epidemic, pestilence, or other calamitous visitation" for clarity and to eliminate redundancy.

In subsection (b), the words "under chapter 105 of this title" are inserted because 49:317(b) (proviso), and 906(c) (proviso), and 1005(c) (proviso) make this subsection apply to motor and water common carriers and to freight forwarders. The words "The Commission may authorize" are substituted for "Nothing in this chapter shall prevent . . . if such . . . have first been authorized . . . by the Commission" for clarity. The words "by order" are omitted as surplus. The word "emergencies" is substituted for "in case of earthquake, flood, fire, famine, drought, epidemic, pestilence, or other calamitous visitation or disaster" for clarity and to eliminate redundancy. The word "area" is substituted for "section" as being more appropriate. The word "Government" is substituted for "agents" for clarity since the reference is to official action. The last sentence is substituted for "(with or without a hearing)" for consistency. The last sentence of 49:22(1) is omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in sections 11126, 11905 of this title; title 31 section 3726.

§10725. Special freight forwarder rates

(a) A common carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under subchapter I, II, or III of chapter 105 of this title may establish—

(1) assembling rates and related classifications and rules for transportation of less-than-carload or less-than-truckload shipments to a place for further movement as part of a carload or truckload shipment; and

(2) distribution rates and related classifications and rules for transportation of less-than-carload or less-than-truckload shipments moving from a place to which those shipments have moved as a part of a carload or truckload shipment.


(b) A rate and related classification and rule established under subsection (a) of this section applies to household goods freight forwarders and other persons using common carrier transportation under like conditions and may differ from other rates and related classifications and rules that contemporaneously apply to the same common carrier transportation when the difference is justified by a difference in the respective conditions under which that transportation is used. A rate referred to in subsection (a)(1) or (2) of this section may not be established to cover the line-haul transportation between the principal concentration place and the principal break-bulk place.

(c) When establishing a rate, classification, rule, or practice, a motor common carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II of chapter 105 of this title may consider the type of property tendered to it by a household goods freight forwarder for transportation when the property is in parcels that do not exceed 70 pounds in weight or 100 inches in length and girth combined. The carrier may establish the lowest rate for the transportation that allows it to receive adequate compensation for transporting the property.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1387; Pub. L. 99–521, §7(f), Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2995.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large)
10725(a), (b) 49:1008. Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §§407, 408; added May 16, 1942, ch. 318, §1, 56 Stat. 289, 290.
10725(c) 49:1007.

In subsections (a) and (b), the word "rates" is substituted for "rates or charges" in view of the definition of "rate" in section 10102 of the revised title. The word "rules" is substituted for "rules, and regulations" for consistency when referring to carriers.

In subsection (a), the words "may establish" are substituted for "Nothing in this Act shall be construed to make it unlawful for . . . to establish and maintain" as being more precise. The words "For the purposes of this section (1) the term . . . and (2) the term" are omitted as surplus in view of the restatement. The word "beyond" is omitted as surplus.

In subsection (b), the words "A rate . . . established under subsection (a) of this section" are inserted for clarity. The word "persons" is inserted for clarity. The words "using common carrier transportation" are substituted for "who employ or utilize the instrumentalities or services of such common carriers" for clarity and consistency in view of the definition of "transportation" in section 10102 of the revised title.

In subsection (c), the words "When establishing" are substituted for "In the establishment of" for clarity. The word "rate" is substituted for "rates or charges" in view of the definition of "rate" in section 10102 of the revised title. The word "rule" is substituted for "rules, or regulations" for consistency when referring to carriers. The words "when the property is in parcels" are substituted for "engaged in service with respect to parcels" for clarity. The last sentence is substituted for the words following the 2d comma in 49:1007 for clarity.

Amendments

1986—Subsecs. (b), (c). Pub. L. 99–521 inserted "household goods" before "freight forwarders" in subsec. (b) and before "freight forwarder" in subsec. (c).

Effective Date of 1986 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 99–521 effective 60 days after Oct. 22, 1986, see section 15 of Pub. L. 99–521, set out as a note under section 10102 of this title.

§10726. Long and short haul transportation

(a)(1) A carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under subchapter I or III of chapter 105 of this title (except an express carrier) may not charge or receive more compensation for the transportation of property of the same kind or of passengers—

(A) for a shorter distance than for a longer distance over the same line or route in the same direction (the shorter distance being included in the longer distance); or

(B) under a through rate than under the total of the intermediate rates it may charge or receive under this chapter.


This paragraph does not authorize a carrier to charge or receive equal compensation for transportation over a shorter distance than a longer distance.

(2) Notwithstanding paragraph (1) of this subsection, a carrier operating over a circuitous line or route to or from a place in competition with another carrier of the same type that operates over a more direct line or route may establish a rate (otherwise complying with this chapter) for that transportation to meet the rate of the carrier operating over the more direct line or route. A rate established for transportation over a circuitous route under this subsection is not evidence of the compensatory character of rates in other proceedings.

(b) In special cases, the Commission may authorize a carrier to charge less for transportation over a longer distance than it charges for transportation over a shorter distance. The Commission may prescribe the extent to which a carrier authorized to charge less under this subsection may be granted relief from subsection (a) of this section. However, the Commission may not authorize a rate—

(1) to or from the more distant place unless it is reasonably compensatory; or

(2) because of potential water competition not actually in existence.


[(c) Repealed. Pub. L. 96–448, title II, §220, Oct. 14, 1980, 94 Stat. 1928.]

(d) The Commission shall begin a proceeding under subsection (b) of this section on application of a carrier. A carrier may file a proposed rate with its application, and if the application is approved, the Commission shall allow the rate to become effective one day after the approval becomes effective.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1387; Pub. L. 96–448, title II, §220, Oct. 14, 1980, 94 Stat. 1928.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large)
10726(a) 49:4(1) (words before 1st proviso, 4th and 2d provisos). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, §4, 24 Stat. 380; June 18, 1910, ch. 309, §8, 36 Stat. 547; restated Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §406, 41 Stat. 480; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543; Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §6(a), 54 Stat. 904; July 11, 1957, Pub. L. 85–99, §1, 71 Stat. 292; Sept. 27, 1962, Pub. L. 87–707, §1, 76 Stat. 635.
10726(b) 49:4(1) (1st proviso).
10726(c) 49:4 (less (1)).
10726(d) 49:4(1) (less words before 1st proviso, and less 1st, 2d and 4th provisos).

In subsection (a), the words "A carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under subchapter I or III of chapter 105 of this title" are substituted for "any common carrier subject to this chapter or chapter 12 of this title" to conform to the revised title. The words "except an express carrier" are substituted for 49:4(1) (4th proviso) for clarity. The words "more compensation" are substituted for "any greater compensation in the aggregate" for clarity and to eliminate redundancy. The words "same kind" are substituted for "like kind" for clarity. The words "the total of the intermediate rates it may charge or receive under this chapter" are substituted for "than the aggregate of the intermediate rates subject to the provisions of this chapter or chapter 12 of this title" for clarity. The words "This paragraph does not authorize a carrier to charge or receive equal compensation" are substituted for "This shall not be construed as authorizing any common carrier within the terms of this chapter or chapter 12 of this title to charge or receive as great compensation" for clarity.

In subsection (b), the words "Notwithstanding paragraph (1) of this subsection" are inserted for clarity. The words "otherwise complying with this chapter" are substituted for "subject only to the standards of lawfulness set forth in other provisions of this chapter or chapter 12 of this title" for clarity and to conform to this revised title. The words "another carrier of the same type" are substituted for "such carrier" for clarity. The words "and after investigation" are omitted as surplus. The words "transportation over a longer distance than . . . for transportation over a shorter distance" are substituted for "for longer than for shorter distances for the transportation of passengers or property" for clarity. The words "from time to time" are omitted as surplus. The words "a carrier authorized to charge less under this subsection" are substituted for "such designated carriers" for clarity. The words "may be granted relief from subsection (a) of this section" are substituted for "may be relieved from the operation of the foregoing provisions of this section" for clarity and to conform to the revised title. The words "but in exercising the authority conferred upon it in this proviso" are omitted as surplus. The words "may not authorize a rate" are substituted for "shall not permit the establishment of any charge" for clarity. The word "place" is substituted for "point" for consistency. The words "unless it is reasonably compensatory" are substituted for "that is not reasonably compensatory for the service performed" for clarity. The words "because of" are substituted for "on account of" for clarity. The word "merely" is omitted as surplus.

In subsection (c), the words "A rail carrier that reduces a rate for the transportation of property in competition with a water route" are substituted for "wherever a carrier by railroad shall in competition with a water route or routes reduce the rates on the carriage of any species of freight to or from competitive points" for clarity. The words "may increase the rate only if" are substituted for "it shall not be permitted to increase such rate unless" for clarity. The words "after a proceeding" are substituted for "after hearing" for consistency. The words "because of a change in conditions" are substituted for "rests upon changed conditions" for clarity.

In subsection (d), the words "A carrier may file a proposed rate" are substituted for "That tariffs proposing rates . . . may be filed" for clarity. The words "if the application is approved" are substituted for "in the event such application is approved" for clarity. The words "shall allow the rate to become effective one day after the approval becomes effective" are substituted for "shall permit such tariffs to become effective upon one day's notice" for clarity.

Amendments

1980—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 96–448 struck out subsec. (c) which provided that a rail carrier that reduced a rate for transportation of property in competition with a water route to or from competitive places could increase the rate only if, after a proceeding, the Commission found that the increase was proposed because of a change in conditions other than the elimination of water competition.

Effective Date of 1980 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 96–448 effective Oct. 1, 1980, see section 710(a) of Pub. L. 96–448, set out as a note under section 10101 of this title.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in sections 10705a, 10711 of this title.

[§10727. Repealed. Pub. L. 96–448, title II, §209, Oct. 14, 1980, 94 Stat. 1910]

Section, Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1388, authorized the Interstate Commerce Commission to maintain standards and procedures to permit seasonal, regional, or peak-period demand rates and required the Commission to submit an annual report to Congress on implementation of those rates and recommendations for additional legislation needed to make it easier to establish those rates.

Effective Date of Repeal

Repeal effective Oct. 1, 1980, see section 710(a) of Pub. L. 96–448, set out as an Effective Date of 1980 Amendment note under section 10101 of this title.

§10728. Separate rates for distinct rail services

(a) A rail carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under subchapter I of chapter 105 of this title may, on its own initiative or at the request of a shipper or receiver of property, establish separate rates for distinct rail services to—

(1) encourage competition;

(2) promote increased reinvestment by rail carriers; and

(3) encourage and make easier increased non-railroad investment in the production of rail services.


(b) The Commission shall maintain expeditious procedures to permit separate rates for distinct rail services to—

(1) encourage those services to be priced in accordance with the cash-outlay incurred by the carrier and the demand for them; and

(2) enable shippers and receivers to evaluate transportation and related rates and alternatives.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1388.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large)
10728 49:15(18). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §15(18); added Feb. 5, 1976, Pub. L. 94–210, §202(d), 90 Stat. 36.

In subsection (a), the words "rail carrier" are substituted for "a carrier by railroad" for consistency. The word "property" is substituted for "freight" for consistency. The word "establish" is substituted for "file" for clarity. The words "In order to" are omitted as surplus. The words "make . . . easier" are substituted for "facilitate" for clarity.

In subsection (b), the words "Within 1 year after the date of enactment of this paragraph" are omitted as executed. The words "Commission shall maintain expeditious procedures" are substituted for "Commission shall establish, by rule, expeditious procedures" for clarity. The word "all" is omitted as surplus. The word "rates" is substituted for "charges" in view of the definition of "rate" in section 10102 of the revised title.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in sections 10711, 10741 of this title.

[§10729. Repealed. Pub. L. 96–448, title II, §210(a), Oct. 14, 1980, 94 Stat. 1910]

Section, Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1389, authorized a rail carrier to establish a rate, classification, rule, or practice requiring a total capital investment of at least $1,000,000 to implement upon notice to the Interstate Commerce Commission and an opportunity for a Commission proceeding and final decision within 180 days after notice and provided that the Commission may not suspend or set aside any rate that becomes final for a period of five years but may revise the rate to a level equal to the variable costs of providing the transportation when the Commission finds the level then in effect reduces the going concern of the carrier.

Effective Date of Repeal

Repeal effective Oct. 1, 1980, see section 710(a) of Pub. L. 96–448, set out as a note under section 10101 of this title.

Savings Provision; Revision of Rate

Section 210(b) of Pub. L. 96–448 provided that: "Notwithstanding any other provision of law, any rate established by a rail carrier under section 10729 of title 49, United States Code, prior to the effective date of this Act [Oct. 1, 1980] shall remain in effect in accordance with its terms, but for no longer than 5 years after the date it became effective, unless the parties otherwise agree. However, the Interstate Commerce Commission may, during the period such a rate is in effect, order such rate revised to a level equal to the incremental cost of providing the transportation if the Commission finds that the level then in effect reduces the going concern value of the rail carrier."

§10730. Rates and liability based on value

(a) The Interstate Commerce Commission may require or authorize a carrier (including a motor common carrier of household goods but excluding any other motor common carrier of property and excluding any rail carrier) providing transportation or service subject to its jurisdiction under subchapter I, II, or IV of chapter 105 of this title, to establish rates for transportation of property under which the liability of the carrier for that property is limited to a value established by written declaration of the shipper, or by a written agreement, when that value would be reasonable under the circumstances surrounding the transportation. A rate may be made applicable under this section to livestock only if the livestock is valuable chiefly for breeding, racing, show purposes, or other special uses. A tariff filed with the Commission by a household goods freight forwarder under subchapter IV of this chapter shall refer specifically to the action of the Commission under this section.

(b)(1) Subject to the provisions of paragraph (2) of this subsection, a motor common carrier providing transportation or service subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II of chapter 105 of this title or a freight forwarder may, subject to the provisions of this chapter (including, with respect to a motor carrier, the general tariff requirements of section 10762 of this title), establish rates for the transportation of property (other than household goods) under which the liability of the carrier or freight forwarder for such property is limited to a value established by written declaration of the shipper or by written agreement between the carrier or freight forwarder and shipper if that value would be reasonable under the circumstances surrounding the transportation.

(2) Before a carrier or freight forwarder may establish a rate for any service under paragraph (1) of this subsection, the Commission may require such carrier or freight forwarder to have in effect and keep in effect, during any period such rate is in effect under such paragraph, a rate for such service which does not limit the liability of the carrier or freight forwarder.

(c) A rail carrier providing transportation or service subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter I of chapter 105 of this title may establish rates for transportation of property under which the liability of the carrier for such property is limited to a value established by written declaration of the shipper or by a written agreement between the shipper and the carrier, and may provide in such written declaration or agreement for specified amounts to be deducted from any claim against the carrier for loss or damage to the property or for delay in the transportation of such property.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1389; Pub. L. 96–296, §12, July 1, 1980, 94 Stat. 802; Pub. L. 96–448, title II, §211(a), (b), Oct. 14, 1980, 94 Stat. 1911; Pub. L. 99–521, §7(g), Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2995.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large)
10730 49:20(11) (1st sentence (2d proviso related to released value), 2d sentence (less 1st–5th provisos)). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, §20(11) (1st sentence (2d proviso related to released value), 2d sentence (less 1st–5th provisos)) 24 Stat. 386; Mar. 4, 1915, ch. 176, §1, 38 Stat. 1196; Aug. 9, 1916, ch. 301, §1, 39 Stat. 441; Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §436, 41 Stat. 494; Mar. 4, 1927, ch. 510, §3, 44 Stat. 1448; restated Apr. 23, 1930, ch. 208, §1, 46 Stat. 251; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543.
  49:319. Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §219; added Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 563; May 16, 1942, ch. 318, §3, 56 Stat. 300; restated Aug. 7, 1942, ch. 552, §1, 56 Stat. 746.
  49:1013 (1st sentence related to released value). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §413 (1st sentence related to released value); added May 16, 1942, ch. 318, §1, 56 Stat. 295.

The text of 49:319 and 1013 (1st sentence) is omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement. The words "in which case such declaration or agreement shall have no other effect than" are omitted as surplus. The words "shall not, so far as relates to values, be held a violation of section 10 of this title" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement. The words "including cattle, swine, sheep, goats, horses, and mules" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement.

Amendments

1986—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 99–521, §7(g)(1), inserted "by a household goods freight forwarder" after first reference to "Commission" in last sentence.

Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 99–521, §7(g)(2), inserted "or a freight forwarder" after "chapter 105 of this title", ", with respect to a motor carrier," after "including", and "or freight forwarder" after last 5 references to "carrier".

1980—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 96–448, §211(a), inserted "and excluding any rail carrier" after "motor common carrier of property".

Pub. L. 96–296 designated existing provision as subsec. (a) and inserted "(including a motor common carrier of household goods but excluding any other motor common carrier of property)" after "authorize a carrier".

Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 96–296 added subsec. (b).

Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 96–448, §211(b), added subsec. (c).

Effective Date of 1986 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 99–521 effective 60 days after Oct. 22, 1986, see section 15 of Pub. L. 99–521, set out as a note under section 10102 of this title.

Effective Date of 1980 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 96–448 effective Oct. 1, 1980, see section 710(a) of Pub. L. 96–448, set out as a note under section 10101 of this title.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in sections 10706, 11707 of this title.

§10731. Investigation of discriminatory rail rates for transportation of recyclable or recycled materials

(a) In this section—

(1) "recyclable material" means material collected or recovered from waste for a commercial or industrial use whether the collection or recovery follows end usage as a product.

(2) "virgin material" means raw material, including previously unused metal or metal ore, woodpulp or pulpwood, textile fiber or material, or other resource that, through the application of technology, is or will become a source of raw material for commercial or industrial use.


(b) When appropriate, the Interstate Commerce Commission shall—

(1) investigate the rate structure for the transportation of recyclable or recycled materials and competing virgin material by rail carriers providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter I of chapter 105 of this title and the manner in which that rate structure has been affected by successive general rate increases approved by the Commission for those carriers;

(2) determine whether those rate increases affect any part of the rate structure in violation of section 10701 or 10741 of this title and order the rate found to be in violation of either of those sections removed from the rate structure; and

(3) report to the President and Congress, in each of the annual reports of the Commission for 1978 and 1979, and in other appropriate reports, all proceedings started or completed under this subsection.


(c) A determination under subsection (b)(2) of this section may be made only after a public hearing. During the hearing, the rail carriers have the burden of proving that rate increases that affect the rate structure applicable to the transportation of those competing materials comply with sections 10701 and 10741 of this title.

(d) In cooperation with the Commission, the Secretary of Transportation shall maintain a research, development, and demonstration program to develop and improve transport terminal operations, transport service characteristics, transport equipment, and collection and processing methods to facilitate the competitive and efficient transportation of recyclable or recycled materials by rail carriers providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter I of chapter 105 of this title.

(e) Notwithstanding any other provision of this subtitle or any other law, within 90 days after the effective date of the Staggers Rail Act of 1980, all rail carriers providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter I of chapter 105 of this title shall take all actions necessary to reduce and thereafter maintain rates for the transportation of recyclable or recycled materials, other than recyclable or recycled iron or steel, at revenue-to-variable cost ratio levels that are equal to or less than the average revenue-to-variable cost ratio that rail carriers would be required to realize, under honest, economical, and efficient management, in order to cover total operating expenses, including depreciation and obsolescence, plus a reasonable and economic profit or return (or both) on capital employed in the business sufficient to attract and retain capital in amounts adequate to provide a sound transportation system in the United States. As long as any such rate equals or exceeds such average revenue-to-variable cost ratio established by the Commission, such rate shall not be required to bear any further rate increase. The Commission shall have jurisdiction to issue all orders necessary to enforce the requirements of this subsection.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1389; Pub. L. 96–448, title II, §204, Oct. 14, 1980, 94 Stat. 1905; Pub. L. 103–272, §4(j)(23), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1369.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large)
10731 45:793 (note). Feb. 5, 1976, Pub. L. 94–210, §204, 90 Stat. 40.

In subsection (b), the words "within 12 months after the date of enactment of this Act" are omitted as executed. The words "When appropriate" are substituted for "and thereafter as appropriate" for clarity. The words "conduct an" are omitted as surplus. The words "any part of" are substituted for "in whole or in part" as being more precise and for consistency. The words "order the rate . . . removed" are substituted for "issue . . . orders requiring the removal" for clarity. The words "1978 and 1979" are substituted "for each of the 3 years following the date of enactment of this Act" as being more precise. Reference to the first year after enactment (1977) is omitted as executed. The words "section 10701 or 10741 of this title" are substituted for "just, reasonable, and nondiscriminatory", "unjustly discriminatory or unreasonable", and "unreasonableness or unjust discrimination" in view of the restatement. See the revision note to section 10101 of the revised title.

In subsection (d), the words "Secretary of Transportation" are substituted for "Secretary" for clarity in view of section 102(8) of the Railroad Revitalization and Regulatory Reform Act of 1976 (90 Stat. 34).

Subsection (b) of 45:793 (note) is omitted as executed. The first sentence of subsection (d) of 45:793 (note) is omitted as unnecessary since 45:793 (note) is codified in the revised title. The 2d sentence of subsection (d) of 45:793 (note) is omitted as surplus in view of sections 4332 and 4333 of title 42.

References in Text

The effective date of the Staggers Rail Act of 1980, referred to in subsec. (e), probably means Oct. 1, 1980, the general effective date of Pub. L. 96–448. See section 710 of Pub. L. 96–448, set out as an Effective Date of 1980 Amendment note under section 10101 of this title.

Amendments

1994—Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 103–272 substituted "provision of this subtitle" for "provision of this title".

1980—Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 96–448 added subsec. (e).

Effective Date of 1980 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 96–448 effective Oct. 1, 1980, see section 710(a) of Pub. L. 96–448, set out as a note under section 10101 of this title.

§10732. Food and grocery transportation

(a) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, it shall not be unlawful for a seller of food and grocery products using a uniform zone delivered pricing system to compensate a customer who picks up purchased food and grocery products at the shipping point of the seller if such compensation is available to all customers of the seller on a nondiscriminatory basis and does not exceed the actual cost to the seller of delivery to such customer.

(b) It is the sense of the Congress that any savings accruing to a customer by reason of compensation permitted by subsection (a) of this section should be passed on to the ultimate consumer.

(Added Pub. L. 96–296, §8(a), July 1, 1980, 94 Stat. 798; amended Pub. L. 100–690, title IX, §9113, Nov. 18, 1988, 102 Stat. 4535.)

Amendments

1988—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 100–690 struck out at end "The Interstate Commerce Commission shall monitor the extent to which such savings are being passed on and shall report its findings to the Congress not later than one year after the date of enactment of the Motor Carrier Act of 1980 and not less often than once a year thereafter. For purposes of this subsection, the Interstate Commerce Commission may exercise its powers to obtain relevant papers, books, documents, and other materials."

§10733. Rates for transportation of recyclable materials

(a) A motor carrier of property providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II of chapter 105 of this title may provide transportation of recyclable materials without charge or at a reduced rate.

(b) In this section, "recyclable materials" means waste products for recycling or reuse in the furtherance of recognized pollution control programs.

(Added Pub. L. 96–296, §32(a), July 1, 1980, 94 Stat. 824.)

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in section 10701 of this title.

§10734. Car utilization

In order to encourage more efficient use of freight cars, notwithstanding any other provision of this subtitle, rail carriers shall be permitted to establish tariffs containing premium charges for special services or special levels of services not provided in any tariff otherwise applicable to the movement. The Commission shall facilitate development of such tariffs so as to increase the utilization of equipment.

(Added Pub. L. 96–448, title II, §225(a), Oct. 14, 1980, 94 Stat. 1930.)

Codification

Another section 10734 was renumbered section 10735 of this title.

Effective Date

Section effective Oct. 1, 1980, see section 710(a) of Pub. L. 96–448, set out as an Effective Date of 1980 Amendment note under section 10101 of this title.

§10735. Household goods rates—estimates; guarantees of service

(a)(1) Subject to the provisions of paragraph (2) of this subsection, a motor common carrier providing transportation of household goods subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II of chapter 105 of this title may, subject to the provisions of this chapter (including the general tariff requirements of section 10762 of this title), establish a rate for the transportation of household goods which is based on the carrier's written, binding estimate of charges for providing such transportation.

(2) Any rate established under this subsection must be available on a nonpreferential basis to shippers and must not result in charges to shippers which are predatory.

(b)(1) Subject to the provisions of paragraph (2) of this subsection, a motor common carrier providing transportation of household goods subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II of chapter 105 of this title may, subject to the provisions of this chapter (including the general tariff requirements of section 10762 of this title), establish rates for the transportation of household goods which guarantee that the carrier will pick up and deliver such household goods at the times specified in the contract for such services and provide a penalty or per diem payment in the event the carrier fails to pick up or deliver such household goods at the specified time. The charges, if any, for such guarantee and penalty provision may vary to reflect one or more options available to meet a particular shipper's needs but must be contained in the tariff the carrier publishes for such service under this subtitle.

(2) Before a carrier may establish a rate for any service under paragraph (1) of this subsection, the Commission may require such carrier to have in effect and keep in effect, during any period such rate is in effect under such paragraph, a rate for such service which does not guarantee the pick up and delivery of household goods at the times specified in the contract for such services and which does not provide a penalty or per diem payment in the event the carrier fails to pick up or deliver household goods at the specified time.

(Added Pub. L. 96–454, §4(a), Oct. 15, 1980, 94 Stat. 2012, §10734; renumbered §10735, Pub. L. 98–554, title II, §227(b)(1), Oct. 30, 1984, 98 Stat. 2852; amended Pub. L. 103–272, §5(m)(23), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1378.)

Amendments

1994—Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 103–272 substituted "under this subtitle" for "under this title".

SUBCHAPTER III—LIMITATIONS

§10741. Prohibitions against discrimination by common carriers

(a) A common carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under subchapter I of chapter 105 of this title may not charge or receive from a person a different compensation (by using a special rate, rebate, drawback, or another means) for a service rendered, or to be rendered, in transportation the carrier may perform under this subtitle than it charges or receives from another person for performing a like and contemporaneous service in the transportation of a like kind of traffic under substantially similar circumstances. A common carrier that charges or receives such a different compensation for that service unreasonably discriminates.

(b) A common carrier providing transportation or service subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under chapter 105 of this title may not subject a person, place, port, or type of traffic to unreasonable discrimination. However, subject to subsection (c) of this section, this subsection does not apply to discrimination against the traffic of another carrier providing transportation by any mode.

(c) A common carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter I, II, or III of that chapter may not subject a household goods freight forwarder providing service subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter IV of that chapter to unreasonable discrimination whether or not the household goods freight forwarder is controlled by that carrier.

(d) Differences between the rates, classifications, rules, and practices of water and rail common carriers in effect for their respective types of transportation do not constitute a violation of this section or an unfair or destructive competitive practice under this subtitle.

(e) Differences between rates, classifications, rules, and practices of rail carriers providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter I of chapter 105 of this title do not constitute a violation of this section if such differences result from different services provided by rail carriers.

(f) This section shall not apply to—

(1) contracts approved under section 10713 of this title, other than as provided in subsection (d)(2)(A)(ii) and (d)(2)(B) of such section;

(2) surcharges or cancellations under section 10705a of this title;

(3) separate rates for distinct rail services under section 10728 of this title;

(4) rail rates applicable to different routes; or

(5) expenses authorized under section 10751 of this title,


except that with respect to rates described in paragraphs (2), (3), and (4), nothing in this subsection shall affect the authority of the Commission under this section with respect to rate relationships between ports or within the same port.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1390; Pub. L. 96–296, §33(d), July 1, 1980, 94 Stat. 825; Pub. L. 96–448, title II, §212, Oct. 14, 1980, 94 Stat. 1912; Pub. L. 99–521, §7(h), Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2995.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10741(a) 49:2. Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, §2, 24 Stat. 379; restated Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §404, 41 Stat. 479; June 19, 1934, ch. 652, §602(b), 48 Stat. 1102; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543.
10741(b)–(d) 49:3(1). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, §3(1), 24 Stat. 380; Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §405, 41 Stat. 479; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543; Aug. 12, 1935, ch. 509, §1, 49 Stat. 607; restated Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §5(a), 54 Stat. 902.
  49:316(d) (less 1st sentence). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §216(d) (less 1st sentence); added Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 558; restated Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §22(b), 54 Stat. 924.
  49:905(c). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §305(c); added Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §201, 54 Stat. 935.
  49:1004(b), (c). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §404(b), (c); added May 16, 1942, ch. 318, §1, 56 Stat. 286.

In subsection (a), the words "A common carrier . . . may not" are substituted for "If any common carrier . . . shall . . . by . . . such common carrier shall be deemed guilty of . . . which is prohibited and declared to be unlawful" for clarity and in view of the restatement of the criminal penalties related to discrimination in sections 11903 and 11904 of the revised title. The words "directly or indirectly" are omitted as surplus. The words "charge or receive" are substituted for "charge, demand, collect, or receive" as being inclusive. The word "different" is substituted for "greater or less" for clarity. The words "passengers or property" are omitted as surplus. The words "for him or them" are omitted as unnecessary. The word "circumstances" is substituted for "circumstances and conditions" as being inclusive. The word "unreasonably" is substituted for "unjust" for consistency. See the revision note to section 10101 of the revised title.

In subsections (b) and (c), the words "may not" are substituted for "It shall be unlawful" for consistency. The words "A common carrier providing transportation or service subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under chapter 105 of this title" are substituted for "any common carrier subject to the provisions of this chapter", "common carrier by motor vehicle engaged in interstate or foreign commerce", "common carrier by water", and "any freight forwarder, in service subject to this chapter" to conform to chapter 105 of the revised title. The words "subject . . . to unreasonable discrimination" are substituted for "to make, give, or cause any undue or unreasonable preference or advantage . . . to any undue or unreasonable prejudice or disadvantage" and, in 49:905(c), "any unjust discrimination" for clarity and to eliminate redundancy. See the revision note to section 10101 of the revised title.

In subsection (b), the word "person" is substituted for "particular person, company, firm, corporation, association" in view of the definition of "person" in section 10102 of the revised title. The word "place" is substituted for "locality, . . . gateway, transit point, region, district, territory" as being more inclusive. The word "port" is substituted for "port, port district" as being more inclusive. The words "type of" are substituted for "particular description of" since it is most precise. The word "However" is substituted for ": Provided, however, That" for clarity. The words "does not apply" are substituted for "shall not be construed" for clarity. The word "discrimination" is substituted for "discrimination, prejudice, or disadvantage" for consistency. See the revision note to section 10101 of the revised title.

In subsection (d), the word "rates" is substituted for "rates, fares, charges" in view of the definition of "rate" in section 10102 of the revised title. The words "do not constitute a violation of this section" are substituted for "shall not be deemed to constitute unjust discrimination, prejudice, or disadvantage" for consistency. See the revision note to section 10101 of the revised title. The words "any provision" are omitted as surplus. The word "subtitle" is substituted for "Act" to conform to the revised title.

Amendments

1986—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 99–521 inserted "household goods" before "freight forwarder" wherever appearing.

1980—Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 96–448 substituted provision that differences between rates, classifications, rules, and practices of rail carriers do not constitute a violation of this section if such differences result from differences in services provided for provision that this section does not apply to expenses authorized under section 10751 of this title.

Pub. L. 96–296 added subsec. (e).

Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 96–448 added subsec. (f).

Effective Date of 1986 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 99–521 effective 60 days after Oct. 22, 1986, see section 15 of Pub. L. 99–521, set out as a note under section 10102 of this title.

Effective Date of 1980 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 96–448 effective Oct. 1, 1980, see section 710(a) of Pub. L. 96–448, set out as a note under section 10101 of this title.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in sections 10705, 10707, 10708, 10711, 10713, 10731, 10751, 11126 of this title.

§10742. Facilities for interchange of traffic

A common carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under subchapter I or III of chapter 105 of this title shall provide reasonable, proper, and equal facilities that are within its power to provide for the interchange of traffic between, and for the receiving, forwarding, and delivering of passengers and property to and from, its respective line and a connecting line of another common carrier under either of those subchapters.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1391.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large)
10742 49:3(4) (less 1st sentence 2d cl., 2d sentence related to facilities). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, §3(4) (less 1st sentence 2d cl., 2d sentence related to facilities), 24 Stat. 380; Feb. 4, 1920, ch. 91, §405, 41 Stat. 479; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543; restated Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §5(e), 54 Stat. 903.
  49:905(d) (less 1st sentence 2d cl., 2d sentence related to facilities). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §305(d) (less 1st sentence 2d cl., 2d sentence related to facilities); added Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §201, 54 Stat. 935.

The words "within its power to provide" are substituted for "according to their respective powers" for clarity. The words "between . . . a connecting line of another common carrier under either of those subchapters" are substituted for "between their respective lines and connecting lines" and for the last sentence of 49:3(4) and 905(d) for clarity.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in sections 10705, 10711, 11126 of this title.

§10743. Payment of rates

(a) Except as provided in subsection (b) of this section, a common carrier (except a pipeline or sleeping car carrier) providing transportation or service subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under this subtitle shall give up possession at destination of property transported by it only when payment for the transportation or service is made.

(b)(1) Under regulations of the Commission governing the payment for transportation and service and preventing discrimination, those carriers may give up possession at destination of property transported by them before payment for the transportation or service. The regulations of the Commission may provide for weekly or monthly payment for transportation provided by motor common carriers and for periodic payment for transportation provided by water common carriers.

(2) Such a carrier (including a motor common carrier being used by a household goods freight forwarder) may extend credit for transporting property for the United States Government, a State, a territory or possession of the United States, or a political subdivision of any of them.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1391; Pub. L. 99–521, §7(i), Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2995.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large)
10743 49:3(2) (1st sentence). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §3(2) (1st sentence); added Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §405, 41 Stat. 479; Mar. 4, 1927, ch. 510, §1, 44 Stat. 1447; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543; restated Aug. 2, 1949, ch. 379, §2(a), 63 Stat. 485.
  49:323 (1st sentence). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §223 (1st sentence); added Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 565.
  49:918 (1st sentence). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §318 (1st sentence); added Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §201, 54 Stat. 949.
  49:1014. Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §414; added May 16, 1942, ch. 318, §1, 56 Stat. 296.

In subsection (a), the words "carrier . . . shall . . . only when" are substituted for "No carrier . . . shall . . . until" for consistency. The word "tariff" is omitted as unnecessary in view of subchapter I of chapter 107 of the revised title.

In subsection (b), the word "rules" is omitted for consistency. The words "from time to time" are omitted as surplus. The words "payment for transportation" are substituted for "rates and charges" for clarity. See the revision note to section 10101 of the revised title. The words "or service" are inserted, when referring to a freight forwarder, for consistency. The words "carrier . . . may" are substituted for "the provisions of this paragraph shall not be construed to prohibit any carrier" for clarity. The words "or for the District of Columbia" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the definition of "State" in section 10102 of the revised title. The word "Government" is substituted for "department, bureau, or agency thereof" for consistency.

Amendments

1986—Subsec. (b)(2). Pub. L. 99–521 inserted "household goods" before "freight forwarder".

Effective Date of 1986 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 99–521 effective 60 days after Oct. 22, 1986, see section 15 of Pub. L. 99–521, set out as a note under section 10102 of this title.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in sections 10705, 10711, 11126 of this title.

§10744. Liability for payment of rates

(a)(1) Liability for payment of rates for transportation for a shipment of property by a shipper or consignor to a consignee other than the shipper or consignor, is determined under this subsection when the transportation is provided by a rail, motor, or water common carrier under this subtitle. When the shipper or consignor instructs the carrier transporting the property to deliver it to a consignee that is an agent only, not having beneficial title to the property, the consignee is liable for rates billed at the time of delivery for which the consignee is otherwise liable, but not for additional rates that may be found to be due after delivery if the consignee gives written notice to the delivering carrier before delivery of the property—

(A) of the agency and absence of beneficial title; and

(B) of the name and address of the beneficial owner of the property if it is reconsigned or diverted to a place other than the place specified in the original bill of lading.


(2) When the consignee is liable only for rates billed at the time of delivery under paragraph (1) of this subsection, the shipper or consignor, or, if the property is reconsigned or diverted, the beneficial owner, is liable for those additional rates regardless of the bill of lading or contract under which the property was transported. The beneficial owner is liable for all rates when the property is reconsigned or diverted by an agent but is refused or abandoned at its ultimate destination if the agent gave the carrier in the reconsignment or diversion order a notice of agency and the name and address of the beneficial owner. A consignee giving the carrier, and a reconsignor or diverter giving a rail carrier, erroneous information about the identity of the beneficial owner of the property is liable for the additional rates.

(b) Liability for payment of rates for transportation for a shipment of property by a shipper or consignor, named in the bill of lading as consignee, is determined under this subsection when the transportation is provided by a rail or express carrier under this subtitle. When the shipper or consignor gives written notice, before delivery of the property, to the line-haul carrier that is to make ultimate delivery—

(1) to deliver the property to another party identified by the shipper or consignor as the beneficial owner of the property; and

(2) that delivery is to be made to that party on payment of all applicable transportation rates;


that party is liable for the rates billed at the time of delivery and for additional rates that may be found to be due after delivery if that party does not pay the rates required to be paid under clause (2) of this subsection on delivery. However, if the party gives written notice to the delivering carrier before delivery that the party is not the beneficial owner of the property and gives the carrier the name and address of the beneficial owner, then the party is not liable for those additional rates. A shipper, consignor, or party to whom delivery is made that gives the delivering carrier erroneous information about the identity of the beneficial owner, is liable for the additional rates regardless of the bill of lading or contract under which the property was transported. This subsection does not apply to a prepaid shipment of property.

(c)(1) A rail carrier may bring an action to enforce liability under subsection (a) of this section. That carrier must bring the action during the period provided in section 11706(a) of this title or by the end of the 6th month after final judgment against it in an action against the consignee, or the beneficial owner named by the consignee or agent, under that section.

(2) A water common carrier may bring an action to enforce liability under subsection (a) of this section. That carrier must bring the action by the end of the 2d year after the claim accrues or by end of the 6th month after final judgment against it in an action against the consignee or beneficial owner named by the consignee by the end of that 2-year period.

(3) A rail or express carrier may bring an action to enforce liability under subsection (b) of this section. That carrier must bring the action during the period provided in section 11706(a) of this title or by the end of the 6th month after final judgment against it in an action against the shipper, consignor, or other party under that section.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1391.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large)
10744(a) 49:3(2) (less 1st, 4th, and 6th sentences and 8th sentence last cl.). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, §3(2) (less 1st sentence), (3), 24 Stat. 380; Mar. 4, 1927, ch. 510, §1, 44 Stat. 1447; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543; Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §5(c)–(e), 54 Stat. 902.
  49:323 (less 1st sentence). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §223 (less 1st sentence); added Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 565.
  49:918 (less 1st, 4th, and 6th sentences). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §318 (less 1st sentence); added Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §201, 54 Stat. 949.
10744(b) 49:3(3) (less 3d sentence).
10744(c)(1) 49:3(2) (4th and 6th sentences and 8th sentence last cl.).
10744(c)(2) 49:918 (4th and 6th sentences).
10744(c)(3) 49:3(3) (3d sentence).

In subsection (a), the first sentence is added in view of the consolidation: The word "When" is substituted for "Where" since it is more precise. The words "the consignee is liable for rates billed at the time of delivery for which the consignee is otherwise liable" are substituted for "such consignee shall not be legally liable for transportation charges in respect of the transportation of such property (beyond those billed against him at the time of delivery for which he is otherwise liable)" for clarity. The word "rates" is substituted for "charges" for consistency in view of the definition of "rate" in section 10102 of the revised title. The word "legally" is omitted as surplus. The words "but not for additional rates" are inserted for clarity. The words "of the fact" are omitted as surplus. The word "if" is substituted for "in the case of" for clarity. The word "place" is substituted for "point" as being more appropriate. The first clause of the 3d sentence is substituted for "In such cases" for clarity. The words "irrespective of any provisions to the contrary" are omitted as surplus. The words "notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this paragraph" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement. The words "property was transported" are substituted for "shipment was made" as being more precise.

In subsection (b), the first sentence is added for consistency in view of subsection (a) of the revised section. The last sentence is substituted for "(other than a prepaid shipment)" for clarity. The words "before delivery" are substituted for "prior to the time of delivery" since they are more precise. The words "after delivery if that party does not pay" are substituted for "and delivery is made . . . to such party without such payment" since they are more precise. The words "(as shipper, consignor, consignee, or otherwise)" are omitted as surplus. The words "in any event" are omitted as unnecessary. The word "However" is substituted for "except that". The words "A shipper . . . that gives . . . erroneous information . . . is liable" are substituted for "If the shipper . . . has given . . . erroneous information . . . such shipper . . . shall himself be liable" for clarity. The words "name and address of the beneficial owner" are substituted for "as to who the beneficial owner is" for clarity. The words "notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this paragraph" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement. The text of the last sentence of 49:3(3) is omitted   since   it   is   incorporated   throughout   the subsection.

In subsection (c), the words "by the end of" are substituted for "before the expiration of" for clarity.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in sections 10705, 10711, 11126 of this title.

§10745. Continuous carriage of freight

A carrier providing transportation or service subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under subchapter I of chapter 105 of this title may not enter a combination or arrangement to prevent the carriage of freight from being continuous from the place of shipment to the place of destination whether by change of time schedule, carriage in different cars, or by other means. The carriage of freight by those carriers is considered to be a continuous carriage from the place of shipment to the place of destination when a break of bulk, stoppage, or interruption is not made in good faith for a necessary purpose, and with the intent of avoiding or unnecessarily interrupting the continuous carriage or of evading this subtitle.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1392.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large)
10745 49:7. Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, §7, 24 Stat. 382; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543.

The words "may not enter" are substituted for "It shall be unlawful . . . to enter" for consistency. The word "contract" is omitted as included in "arrangement" to eliminate redundancy. The words "expressed or implied" are omitted as surplus. The word "freight" is substituted for "freights" for clarity. The words "The carriage of freight . . . is considered to be a continuous carriage . . . when a break of bulk, stoppage, or interruption is not made in good faith for a necessary purpose and with the intent of avoiding or unnecessarily interrupting the continuous carriage or of evading this subtitle" are substituted for "and no break of bulk, stoppage, or interruption made . . . shall prevent the carriage . . . from being and being treated as one continuous carriage . . . unless such break, stoppage, or interruption was made in good faith for some necessary purpose, and without any intent to avoid or unnecessarily interrupt such continuous carriage or to evade any of the provisions of this part" for clarity.

§10746. Transportation of commodities manufactured or produced by a rail carrier

A rail carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under subchapter I of chapter 105 of this title may not transport from a State or territory or possession of the United States to another State, territory, or possession or a foreign country, an article or commodity that—

(1) is manufactured, mined, or produced by the carrier or under its authority; or

(2) is owned by the carrier or in which it has an interest.


However, a rail carrier may transport such an article or commodity when it is necessary and intended for use in the business of that carrier. This section does not apply to timber and products manufactured from timber.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1393.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large)
10746 49:1(8). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §1(8); added June 29, 1906, ch. 3591, §1, 34 Stat. 584; restated June 18, 1910, ch. 309, §7, 36 Stat. 544; Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §401, 41 Stat. 475; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543.

The words "rail carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under subchapter I of chapter 105 of this title" are substituted for "railroad company" as being more accurate. The words "District of Columbia" are omitted as surplus in view of the definition of "State" in section 10102 of the revised title. The words "in whole or in part" and "direct or indirect" are omitted as surplus.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in section 11126 of this title.

§10747. Transportation services or facilities furnished by shipper

A carrier providing transportation or service subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under chapter 105 of this title may publish in a tariff filed with the Commission under subchapter IV of this chapter a charge or allowance for transportation or service for property when the owner of the property, directly or indirectly, furnishes a service related to or an instrumentality used in the transportation or service. The Commission may prescribe the maximum reasonable charge or allowance a carrier subject to its jurisdiction may pay for a service or instrumentality furnished under this section. The Commission may begin a proceeding under this section on its own initiative or on application.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1393.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large)
10747 49:15(15). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §15(15); added June 29, 1906, ch. 3591, §4, 34 Stat. 590; restated June 18, 1910, ch. 309, §12, 36 Stat. 551; Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §421, 41 Stat. 488; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543; Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §10(d), 54 Stat. 912; Feb. 5, 1976, Pub. L. 94–210, §202(c), 90 Stat. 35.
  49:324a. Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §225; added Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §26(a), 54 Stat. 928.
  49:914. Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §314; added Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §201, 54 Stat. 945.
  49:1015. Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §415; added May 16, 1942, ch. 318, §1, 56 Stat. 296.

The words "A carrier providing transportation or service subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under chapter 105 of this title" are added in view of the restatement. The words "may publish a tariff filed with the Commission under subchapter IV of this chapter" are substituted for "shall be published in tariffs or schedules filed in the manner provided in this chapter" in view of subchapter IV of chapter 107 of the revised title that governs publication and filing of rates. The words "charge or allowance" are retained in view of the context. The words "shall be no more than is just and reasonable" are omitted as unnecessary in view of section 10701 of the revised title. See the revision note to section 10101 of the revised title. The words "The Commission may prescribe the maximum reasonable charge" are substituted for "and the Commission may . . . determine what is a reasonable charge as the maximum" for clarity and consistency with subchapter I of chapter 107 of the revised title. The words "and fix the same by appropriate order" are omitted as unnecessary in view of subchapter II of chapter 5 of title 5. The words "which order shall have the same force and effect and be enforced in like manner as the orders above provided for under this section" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement. The last sentence is substituted for "after hearing on a complaint or on its own initiative" for consistency in view of subchapter II of chapter 103 of the revised title and subchapter II of chapter 5 of title 5.

§10748. Transportation of livestock by rail carrier

(a) Transportation entirely by railroad of ordinary livestock in carload lots to public stockyards shall include necessary services of unloading and reloading in route, delivery of inbound shipments at those stockyards into suitable pens, and receiving and loading outbound shipments at those stockyards. A rail carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under subchapter I of chapter 105 of this title may charge a shipper, consignee, or owner an extra amount for those services only if, under Commission regulations, the unloading or reloading in route is at the request of the shipper, consignee, or owner, to try an intermediate market, or to comply with quarantine regulations.

(b) Subsection (a) of this section does not affect the duties and liabilities of a rail carrier in existence on February 28, 1920, under a law related to the transportation of other than ordinary livestock or the duty of providing transportation for shipments other than shipments to or from public stockyards.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1393.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large)
10748 49:15(5). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §15(5); added Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §418, 41 Stat. 486; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543.

In subsection (a), the word "entirely" is substituted for "wholly" for clarity. The words "to public stockyards" are substituted for "destined to or received at public stockyards" to eliminate redundancy. The word "in" is substituted for "en". The word "all" is omitted as surplus. The word "receiving" is substituted for "receipt" for clarity. The words "may charge . . . extra . . . only if" are substituted for "without extra charge . . . unless" for clarity. The words "under Commission regulations" are substituted for "The Commission may prescribe or approve just and reasonable rules governing each of those excepted services" to eliminate redundancy in view of the power of the Commission to carry out this subtitle and to prescribe regulations under section 10321 of the revised title and in view of the standard for practices under the subtitle in section 10701 of the revised title. See also the revision note to section 10101 of the revised title.

In subsection (b), the words "Subsection (a) of this section does not affect" are substituted for "Nothing in this paragraph shall be construed to affect" for clarity. The words "under a law related to" are substituted for "by virtue of law respecting the" for clarity.

§10749. Exchange of services and limitation on use of common carriers by household goods freight forwarders

(a) A common carrier, or a motor contract carrier of property, providing transportation or service subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under chapter 105 of this title may contract with a telephone, telegraph, or cable company to exchange services.

(b) A household goods freight forwarder providing service subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter IV of chapter 105 of this title may use a carrier, including a carrier referred to in this subsection, to transfer, collect, or deliver in a terminal area. However, to provide other services, a household goods freight forwarder may only use—

(1) a rail, express, motor, or water common carrier, or motor contract carrier of property, providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under chapter 105 of this title including—

(A) a motor common carrier providing exempt transportation under section 10525 or 10526(a)(8) of this title; or

(B) a water common carrier providing exempt transportation under section 10542(a) of this title or transportation between places in Alaska or Hawaii and between those places and other places in the United States; or


(2) an air carrier subject to the jurisdiction of the Secretary of Transportation under part A of subtitle VII of this title.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1393; Pub. L. 96–296, §10(c), July 1, 1980, 94 Stat. 800; Pub. L. 97–468, title VI, §615(b)(3), Jan. 14, 1983, 96 Stat. 2578; Pub. L. 98–216, §2(13), Feb. 14, 1984, 98 Stat. 5; Pub. L. 99–521, §7(j)(1), (2), Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2995; Pub. L. 103–272, §4(j)(24), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1369.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Pub. L. 95–473
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large)
10749(a) 49:1(5½). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §1(5½); added June 18, 1910, ch. 309, §7, 36 Stat. 546; Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §400, 41 Stat. 475; June 19, 1934, ch. 652, §602(b), 48 Stat. 1102; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543; restated Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §2(d), 54 Stat. 900; Aug. 2, 1949, ch. 379, §1, 63 Stat. 485.
10749(b) 49:1018. Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §418; added May 16, 1942, ch. 318, §1, 56 Stat. 297; July 12, 1960, Pub. L. 86–615, §7, 74 Stat. 385.

In subsection (a), the words "A common carrier . . . may" are substituted for "Nothing in this Act shall be construed to prevent any common carrier" for clarity. The words "under chapter 105 of this title" are substituted for "subject to this Act" to conform to the revised title. The words "contract with" are substituted for "entering into or operating under any contract" to eliminate redundancy.

In subsection (b), the words "may only use" are substituted for "It shall be unlawful" for clarity. The word "use" is substituted for "utilize" as being more precise. The words "subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter IV of chapter 105 of this title" are inserted to conform to the revised title. The word "employ" is omitted as surplus. The words "other than" are omitted in view of the restatement. The words "including a carrier referred to in this subsection" are inserted for clarity. The words "rail, express, motor or water common carrier" are substituted for "common carriers by railroad, motor vehicle, or water, subject to this Act; express companies subject to this Act" to conform to the revised title. The words "subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under chapter 105 of this title" are inserted to conform to the revised title. The word "places" is substituted for "ports" for consistency. The words "under the provisions of" are omitted as surplus. The word "providing" is substituted for "engaged in" for clarity.

The words "subject to the jurisdiction of the Civil Aeronautics Board under chapter 20 of this title" are substituted for "subject to the Civil Aeronautics Act of 1938" in view of the repeal of the Civil Aeronautics Act of 1938 by Public Law 85–726, title XIV, §1401(b), August 23, 1958, 72 Stat. 806, and transfer of the authority contained in that Act to chapter 20 of title 49.

Pub. L. 103–272
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10749(b)(2) 49 App.:1551(b) (1)(E). Aug. 23, 1958, Pub. L. 85–726, 72 Stat. 731, §1601(b)(1)(E); added Oct. 4, 1984, Pub. L. 98–443, §3(e), 98 Stat. 1704.

Section 4(j)(24) amends 49:10749(b)(2) to reflect the transfer under 49 App.:1551(b)(1)(E) of the remaining authority of the Civil Aeronautics Board to the Secretary of Transportation.

Amendments

1994—Subsec. (b)(2). Pub. L. 103–272 substituted "Secretary of Transportation under part A of subtitle VII of this title" for "Civil Aeronautics Board under the Federal Aviation Act of 1958 (49 App. U.S.C. 1301 et seq.)".

1986Pub. L. 99–521 inserted "household goods" before "freight forwarders" in section catchline and before "freight forwarder" wherever appearing in subsec. (b).

1984—Subsec. (b)(2). Pub. L. 98–216 substituted "the Federal Aviation Act of 1958 (49 App. U.S.C. 1301 et seq.)" for "chapter 20 of this title".

1983—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 97–468 inserted "or" at end of par. (1)(B), substituted a period for " ; or" at end of par. (2), and struck out par. (3) relating to the Alaska Railroad.

1980—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 96–296, §10(c)(1), inserted ", or a motor contract carrier of property," after "common carrier".

Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 96–296, §10(c)(2), inserted ", or motor contract carrier of property," in introductory text.

Effective Date of 1986 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 99–521 effective 60 days after Oct. 22, 1986, see section 15 of Pub. L. 99–521, set out as a note under section 10102 of this title.

Effective Date of 1983 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 97–468 effective on date of transfer of Alaska Railroad to the State [Jan. 5, 1985], pursuant to section 1203 of Title 45, Railroads, see section 615(b) of Pub. L. 97–468.

Termination of Civil Aeronautics Board and Transfer of Certain Functions

All functions, powers, and duties of the Civil Aeronautics Board were terminated or transferred by section 1551 of the Appendix to this title, effective in part on Dec. 31, 1981, in part on Jan. 1, 1983, and in part on Jan. 1, 1985.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in section 11126 of this title.

§10750. Demurrage charges

A rail carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under subchapter I of chapter 105 of this title shall compute demurrage charges, and establish rules related to those charges, in a way that fulfills the national needs related to—

(1) freight car use and distribution; and

(2) maintenance of an adequate supply of freight cars to be available for transportation of property.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1394.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large)
10750 49:1(6) (last sentence). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §1(6) (last sentence); added Feb. 5, 1976, Pub. L. 94–210, §211, 90 Stat. 46.

The words "rail carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under subchapter I of chapter 105 of this title" are added for clarity. The word "way" is substituted for "manner" as being more appropriate. The word "use" is substituted for "utilization" for clarity.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in section 11126 of this title.

§10751. Business entertainment expenses

(a) Any business entertainment expense incurred by a person providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under chapter 105 of this title shall not constitute a violation of section 10741 or 10761 of this title if such expense would not be unlawful if incurred by a person or corporation not subject to such jurisdiction of the Commission.

(b) Any business entertainment expense authorized under this section that is paid or incurred by a person providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under chapter 105 of this title shall not be taken into account in determining the cost of service or the rate base for purposes of this subtitle.

(c) Within 180 days after the date of enactment of the Motor Carrier Act of 1980, the Commission shall institute a rulemaking proceeding pursuant to which it shall issue rules establishing appropriate standards and guidelines for authorized business entertainment expenses under this section. Such standards and guidelines shall be consistent with standards and guidelines applicable under existing law to persons not subject to this subtitle, including competing unregulated surface transportation carriers.

(Added Pub. L. 96–296, §33(a), July 1, 1980, 94 Stat. 824; amended Pub. L. 96–448, title II, §215(a), Oct. 14, 1980, 94 Stat. 1915; Pub. L. 103–272, §4(j)(25), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1369.)

References in Text

The date of enactment of the Motor Carrier Act of 1980, referred to in subsec. (c), is the date of enactment of Pub. L. 96–296, which was approved July 1, 1980.

Amendments

1994—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 103–272 substituted "purposes of this subtitle" for "purposes of this title".

1980—Subsecs. (a), (b). Pub. L. 96–448 struck out "(other than transportation by rail)" after "chapter 105 of this title".

Effective Date of 1980 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 96–448 effective Oct. 1, 1980, see section 710(a) of Pub. L. 96–448, set out as a note under section 10101 of this title.

Retroactive Application of Provisions of Subsection (a) for Transportation by Rail

Section 215(b) of Pub. L. 96–448 provided that: "The provisions of section 10751 of title 49, United States Code, as amended by subsection (a) of this section, shall apply to any expense of the type described in subsection (a) of such section 10751 that was incurred prior to the effective date of this Act [Oct. 1, 1980] (other than an expense with respect to which a penalty was paid pursuant to section 10761 of such title 49) or that is incurred on or after such effective date."

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in sections 10741, 10761 of this title.

SUBCHAPTER IV—TARIFFS AND TRAFFIC

Subchapter Referred to in Other Sections

This subchapter is referred to in sections 10730, 10747, 11705, 11707, 11902 of this title.

§10761. Transportation prohibited without tariff

(a) Except as provided in this subtitle, a carrier providing transportation or service subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under chapter 105 of this title (excluding a motor common carrier providing transportation of property, other than household goods, under an individually determined rate, classification, rule, or practice, as defined in section 10102(13) or in noncontiguous domestic trade) shall provide that transportation or service only if the rate for the transportation or service is contained in a tariff that is in effect under this subchapter, except that a motor carrier of property the application of whose rates is determined or governed by a tariff on file with the Commission cannot collect its rates unless the carrier is a participant in those tariffs. A carrier subject to this subsection may not charge or receive a different compensation for that transportation or service than the rate specified in the tariff whether by returning a part of that rate to a person, giving a person a privilege, allowing the use of a facility that affects the value of that transportation or service, or another device, except that a motor carrier of property the application of whose rates are determined or governed by a tariff on file with the Commission shall issue a power of attorney to the tariff publishing agent of such tariff and, upon its acceptance, the agent shall issue a notice to the participating carrier certifying its continuing participation in such tariff, which certification shall be kept open for public inspection.

(b) The Commission may grant relief from subsection (a) of this section to contract carriers when relief is consistent with the public interest and the transportation policy of section 10101 of this title. The Commission may begin a proceeding under this subsection on application of a contract carrier or group of contract carriers and on its own initiative for a water contract carrier or group of water contract carriers.

(c) This section shall not apply to expenses authorized under section 10751 of this title.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1394; Pub. L. 96–296, §33(c), July 1, 1980, 94 Stat. 825; Pub. L. 103–311, title II, §206(b), Aug. 26, 1994, 108 Stat. 1684.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large)
10761(a) 49:6(7). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, §6(7), 24 Stat. 380; Mar. 2, 1889, ch. 382, §1, 25 Stat. 855; restated June 29, 1906, ch. 3591, §2, 34 Stat. 586; June 18, 1910, ch. 309, §9, 36 Stat. 548; Aug. 24, 1912, ch. 390, §11, 37 Stat. 568; Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §409, 41 Stat. 483; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543.
  49:317(b) (less proviso), (d); 318(a) (3d sentence and 7th sentence less proviso). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §§217(b) (less proviso), (d), 218(a) (3d sentence, 7th sentence less proviso, and 7th sentence proviso related to relief); added Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 560; Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §§22, 23(a), 54 Stat. 925; Aug. 13, 1957, Pub. L. 85–124, §§1(2), (4), 71 Stat. 343.
  49:906(c) (less proviso), (d) (1st sentence), (e) (3d sentence and 7th sentence less proviso). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §306(c) (less proviso), (d) (1st sentence), (e) (3d sentence, 7th sentence less proviso, and 7th sentence proviso, related to relief); added Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §201, 54 Stat. 936.
  49:1005(c) (less proviso), (e). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §405(c) (less proviso), (e); added May 16, 1942, ch. 318, §1, 56 Stat. 287.
10761(b) 49:318(a) (7th sentence proviso, related to relief).
  49:906(e) (7th sentence proviso, related to relief).

The section consolidates and restates the source provisions for clarity.

In subsection (a), the words "Except as provided in this subtitle" are made applicable to all types of carriers although those words do not appear in 49:1005(e) for consistency. The word "transportation" is substituted for "service" in view of the definition of "transportation" in section 10102 of the revised title, but the word "service" is retained when referring to a freight forwarder for consistency. The words "a carrier providing transportation or service subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under chapter 105 of this title" are inserted to conform to the revised title. The word "provide" is substituted for "participate" in 49:6(7) and "engage" in 49:317(d), 318(d), 906(d), (e), and 1005(e) for consistency. The words "contained in a tariff that is in effect under this subchapter" are substituted for "filed and published in accordance with the provisions of this chapter" in 49:6(7) and for "published, filed, and posted" in 49:318(a) and 906(e) for clarity. The word "lawfully" in 49:1005(c) is omitted as surplus. The words "charge or receive" are substituted for "charge", "receive", "demand", and "collect" to eliminate redundancy. The words "of passengers or property" are omitted as surplus. The words "between the points named in such tariffs" in 49:6(7) are omitted in view of the restatement. The word "different" is substituted for "greater" and "less" and is made applicable to motor and water carriers for clarity in view of the restatement. The words "whether by" are added for clarity. The words "returning a part of that rate" are substituted for "refund or remit in any manner" for clarity. The words "giving a person" are substituted for "extend to any shipper or person" for clarity. The words "allowing the use of" are added for clarity. The words "that affects the value of that transportation or service" are inserted for clarity. The words "directly or indirectly or through any agent or broker or otherwise" in 49:317(b), "special services" in 49:318(a), and "from the charges filed in accordance with this subsection, as affected by any rule, regulation, or practice so filed" in 49:318(a) are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement. The words "or less than the minimum rate or charge as may be prescribed by the Commission from time to time" are omitted as surplus in view of the restatement of 49:318(a) and in view of section 10704(c) of the revised title. The words "by means of a change in the terms and conditions of any contract, charter, agreement, or undertaking" in 49:906(e) are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement.

In subsection (b), the words "from subsection (a) of this section" are substituted for "from the provisions of this paragraph" in 49:318(a) and "from the provisions of this subsection" in 49:906(e) to conform to the revised title. The words "to such extent and for such time, and in such manner as in its judgment" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement. The words "may begin a proceeding under this subsection" are substituted for "after hearing" in view of subchapter II of chapter 103 of the revised title and subchapter II of chapter 5 of title 5. The words "on application" are substituted for "may apply to" for clarity. The word "group" is substituted for "any class or group" as being more inclusive. The words "for good cause shown" in 49:906(e) (7th sentence proviso) are omitted as surplus in view of the specific criteria imposed by that section.

Amendments

1994—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 103–311, in first sentence, inserted "(excluding a motor common carrier providing transportation of property, other than household goods, under an individually determined rate, classification, rule, or practice, as defined in section 10102(13) or in noncontiguous domestic trade)" after "chapter 105 of this title" and ", except that a motor carrier of property the application of whose rates is determined or governed by a tariff on file with the Commission cannot collect its rates unless the carrier is a participant in those tariffs" before period at end, and in second sentence, substituted "A carrier subject to this subsection" for "That carrier" and inserted ", except that a motor carrier of property the application of whose rates are determined or governed by a tariff on file with the Commission shall issue a power of attorney to the tariff publishing agent of such tariff and, upon its acceptance, the agent shall issue a notice to the participating carrier certifying its continuing participation in such tariff, which certification shall be kept open for public inspection" before period at end.

1980—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 96–296 added subsec. (c).

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in sections 10505, 10701, 10707, 10751, 10925, 11712, 11901 of this title.

§10762. General tariff requirements

(a)(1) A carrier providing transportation or service subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under chapter 105 of this title (except a motor common carrier) shall publish and file with the Commission tariffs containing the rates and (A) if a common carrier, classifications, rules, and practices related to those rates, and (B) if a contract carrier, rules and practices related to those rates, established under this chapter for transportation or service it may provide under this subtitle. A motor common carrier (excluding a motor common carrier providing transportation of property, other than household goods, under an individually determined rate, classification, rule, or practice, as defined in section 10102(13), or in noncontiguous domestic trade) shall publish and file with the Commission tariffs containing the rates for transportation it may provide under this subtitle. The Commission may prescribe other information that motor common carriers (excluding a motor common carrier providing transportation of property, other than household goods, under an individually determined rate, classification, rule, or practice, as defined in section 10102(13), or in noncontiguous domestic trade) shall include in their tariffs. A motor contract carrier of property is not required to publish or file actual or minimum rates under this subtitle. Except as provided in the Negotiated Rates Act of 1993 and the amendments made by that Act, nothing in the Trucking Industry Regulatory Reform Act of 1994 (and the amendments made by that Act) creates any obligation for a shipper based solely on a rate that was on file with the Commission or elsewhere on the date of enactment of such Act.

(2) Carriers that publish tariffs under paragraph (1) of this subsection shall keep them open for public inspection. A rate contained in a tariff filed by a common carrier providing transportation or service subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II, III, or IV of chapter 105 shall be stated in money of the United States. A tariff filed by a motor or water contract carrier or by a household goods freight forwarder providing transportation or service subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II, III, or IV of that chapter, respectively, may not become effective for 30 days after it is filed.

(3) A motor common carrier of property (other than a motor common carrier providing transportation of household goods or in noncontiguous domestic trade) shall provide to the shipper, on request of the shipper, a written or electronic copy of the rate, classification, rules, and practices, upon which any rate agreed to between the shipper and carrier may have been based. When the applicability or reasonableness of the rates and related provisions billed by a motor common carrier is challenged by the person paying the freight charges, the Commission shall determine whether such rates and provisions are reasonable or applicable based on the record before it. In those cases where a motor common carrier (other than a motor common carrier providing transportation of household goods or in noncontiguous domestic trade) seeks to collect charges in addition to those billed and collected which are contested by the payor, the carrier may request that the Commission determine whether any additional charges over those billed and collected must be paid. A carrier must issue any bill for charges in addition to those originally billed within 180 days of the original bill in order to have the right to collect such charges.

(4) If a shipper seeks to contest the charges originally billed, the shipper may request that the Commission determine whether the charges originally billed must be paid. A shipper must contest the original bill within 180 days in order to have the right to contest such charges.

(5) Any tariff on file with the Commission on the date of enactment of the Trucking Industry Regulatory Reform Act of 1994 not required to be filed with the Commission after the enactment of that Act is null and void beginning on that date.

(b)(1) The Commission shall prescribe the form and manner of publishing, filing, and keeping tariffs open for public inspection under this section. The Commission may prescribe specific charges to be identified in a tariff published by a common carrier providing transportation or service subject to its jurisdiction under subchapter I, III, or IV of that chapter, but those tariffs must identify plainly—

(A) the places between which property and passengers will be transported;

(B) terminal, storage, and icing charges (stated separately) if a carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter I of that chapter;

(C) terminal charges if a common carrier providing transportation or service subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter III or IV of that chapter;

(D) privileges given and facilities allowed; and

(E) any rules that change, affect, or determine any part of the published rate.


(2) A joint tariff filed by a carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter I of that chapter shall identify the carriers that are parties to it. The carriers that are parties to a joint tariff, other than the carrier filing it, must file a concurrence or acceptance of the tariff with the Commission but are not required to file a copy of the tariff. The Commission may prescribe or approve what constitutes a concurrence or acceptance.

(c)(1) When a common carrier (excluding a motor common carrier providing transportation of property other than household goods, under an individually determined rate, classification, rule, or practice defined in section 10102(13), or in a noncontiguous domestic trade) providing transportation or service subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission (A) under subchapter I of chapter 105 of this title proposes to change a rate, or (B) under another subchapter of that chapter proposes to change a rate, classification, rule, or practice, the carrier shall publish, file, and keep open for public inspection a notice of the proposed change as required under subsections (a) and (b) of this section.

(2) When a contract carrier (except a motor contract carrier of property) providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II or III of chapter 105 of this title proposes to establish a new rate or to reduce a rate, directly or by changing a rule or practice related to the rate or the value of service under the rate, the carrier shall publish, file, and keep open for public inspection a notice of the new or reduced rate as required under subsections (a) and (b) of this section.

(3) A notice filed under this subsection shall plainly identify the proposed change or new or reduced rate and indicate its proposed effective date. In the case of a carrier other than a rail carrier and motor common carrier of passengers with respect to special or charter transportation, a proposed rate change or a new or reduced rate may not become effective for 30 days after the notice is published, filed, and held open as required under subsections (a) and (b) of this section. In the case of a rail carrier, a proposed rate change resulting in an increased rate or a new rate shall not become effective for 20 days after the notice is published and a proposed rate change resulting in a reduced rate shall not become effective for 10 days after the notice is published, except that a contract authorized under section 10713 of this title shall become effective in accordance with the provisions of such section. In the case of a motor common carrier of passengers, a proposed rate change resulting in an increased rate or a new rate applicable to special or charter transportation shall not become effective for 30 days after the notice is published, and a proposed rate change resulting in a reduced rate applicable to special or charter transportation shall not become effective for 10 days after the notice is published.

(d)(1) The Commission may reduce the notice period of subsections (a) and (c) of this section if cause exists. The Commission may change the other requirements of this section if cause exists in particular instances or as they apply to special circumstances.

(2) The Commission may prescribe regulations for the simplification of tariffs by carriers providing transportation subject to its jurisdiction under subchapter I of chapter 105 of this title and permit them to change rates, classifications, rules, and practices without filing complete tariffs that cover matter that is not being changed when the Commission finds that action to be consistent with the public interest. Those carriers may publish new tariffs that incorporate changes or plainly indicate the proposed changes in the tariffs then in effect and kept open for public inspection. However, the Commission shall require that all rates of rail carriers and rail rate-making associations be incorporated in their individual tariffs by the end of the 2d year after initial publication of the rate, or by the end of the 2d year after a change in a rate becomes effective, whichever is later. The Commission may extend those periods if cause exists, but if it does, it must send a notice of the extension and a statement of the reasons for the extension to Congress. A rate not incorporated in an individual tariff as required by the Commission is void.

(e) The Commission may reject a tariff submitted to it by a common carrier under this section if that tariff violates this section or regulation of the Commission carrying out this section.

(f) The Commission may grant relief from this section to contract carriers when relief is consistent with the public interest and the transportation policy of section 10101 of this title. The Commission may begin a proceeding under this subsection on application of a contract carrier or group of contract carriers and on its own initiative for a water contract carrier or group of water contract carriers.

(g) The Commission shall streamline and simplify, to the maximum extent practicable, the filing requirements applicable under this section to motor common carriers of property with respect to transportation provided under certificates to which the provisions of section 10922(b)(4)(E) 1 of this title apply and to motor contract carriers of property with respect to transportation provided under permits to which the provisions of section 10923(b)(5) 1 of this title apply.

(h) Customer Account Codes.—No tariff filed by a motor carrier of property with the Commission before, on, or after the date of the enactment of this subsection may be held invalid solely on the basis that a numerical or alpha account code is used in such tariff to designate customers or to describe the applicability of rates. For transportation performed on and after the 180th day following such date of enactment, the name of the customer for each account code must be set forth in the tariff (other than the tariff of a motor carrier providing transportation of household goods).

(i) Range Tariffs.—No tariff filed by a motor carrier of property with the Commission before, on, or after the date of the enactment of this subsection may be held invalid solely on the basis that the tariff does not show a specific rate or discount for a specific shipment if the tariff is based on a range of rates or discounts for specific classes of shipments. For transportation performed on or after the 180th day following such date of enactment, such a range tariff must identify the specific rate or discount from among the range of rates or discounts contained in such range tariff which is applicable to each specific shipment or must contain an objective means for determining the rate.

(j) Nothing in this section shall affect the application of the provisions of the Negotiated Rates Act of 1993 (or the amendments made by that Act) to undercharge claims for transportation provided prior to the date of enactment of the Trucking Industry Regulatory Reform Act of 1994.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1394; Pub. L. 96–296, §5(c), July 1, 1980, 94 Stat. 796; Pub. L. 96–448, title II, §216, Oct. 14, 1980, 94 Stat. 1915; Pub. L. 97–261, §12(b), Sept. 20, 1982, 96 Stat. 1113; Pub. L. 99–521, §7(k), Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2995; Pub. L. 103–180, §5, Dec. 3, 1993, 107 Stat. 2050; Pub. L. 103–311, title II, §206(c)–(e), Aug. 26, 1994, 108 Stat. 1684, 1685.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10762(a) 49:6(1) (1st and 2d sentences, and 3d sentence related to classifications). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, §6(1), (3), (4), (6), and (9), 24 Stat. 380; Mar. 2, 1889, ch. 382, §1, 25 Stat. 855; restated June 29, 1906, ch. 3591, §2, 34 Stat. 586; June 18, 1910, ch. 309, §9, 36 Stat. 548; Aug. 24, 1912, ch. 390, §11, 37 Stat. 568; Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §§409, 410, 41 Stat. 483; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543; Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §8, 54 Stat. 910; Feb. 5, 1976, Pub. L. 94–210, §209, 90 Stat. 45.
  49:317(a) (1st and 2d sentences and 3d sentence 18th–29th words), 318(a) (2d sentence less words between 3d and 4th commas, 5th sentence, related to general requirements). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §§217(a), (c), 218(a) (2d, 5th, and 6th sentences, and 7th sentence proviso, related to general requirements); added Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 560; Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §22(e), 54 Stat. 925; Aug. 13, 1957, Pub. L. 85–124, §1 (1), (3), 71 Stat. 343.
  49:906(a) (1st sentence), (b) (1st sentence), (e) (2d sentence, less words between 3d and 4th commas, 4th sentence, related to general requirements). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §306(a), (b), (d) (less 1st sentence), (e) (2d, 4th, 5th, and 6th sentences, and 7th sentence proviso, related to general requirements); added Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §201, 54 Stat. 935.
  49:1005(a) (1st sentence, 2d sentence 1st–10th, 23d–26th, and 51st–84th words), (b) (1st sentence). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §405(a), (b), and (d); added May 16, 1942, ch. 318, §1, 56 Stat. 287.
10762(b) 49:6(1) (less 1st and 2d sentences, and less 3d sentence related to classifications), (4), (6) (1st sentence).
  49:317(a) (3d sentence 1st–17th words), 318(a) (2d sentence words between 3d and 4th commas).
  49:906(a) (less 1st sentence), (b) (2d sentence 1st cl.), (e) (2d sentence words between 3d and 4th commas).
  49:1005(a) (less 1st sentence and 2d sentence 1st–10th, 23d–26th, and 51st–84th words), (b) (2d sentence, 1st cl.).
10762(c) 49:6(3) (words before 1st semicolon).
  49:317(c) (1st and 2d sentences), 318(a) (5th sentence related to general requirements, 6th sentence).
  49:906(d) (2d and 3d sentences), (e) (4th sentence related to general requirements, 6th sentence).
  49:1005(d) (1st and 2d sentences).
10762(d)(1) 49:6(3) (1st proviso).
  49:317(c) (less 1st and 2d sentences); 318(a) (5th sentence related to general requirements).
  49:906(d) (less 1st, 2d, and 3d sentences), (e) (5th sentence).
  49:1005(d) (less 1st and 2d sentences).
10762(d)(2) 49:6(3) (less words before 1st semicolon and 1st proviso), (6) (less 1st, 5th, and last sentences).
10762(e) 49:6(6) (5th and last sentences), (9).
  49:317(a) (less 1st and 2d sentences, and 3d sentence less 1st–29th words).
  49:906(b) (less 1st sentence and 2d sentence, 1st cl.).
  49:1005(b) (less 1st sentence and 2d sentence, 1st cl.).
10762(f) 49:318(a) (7th sentence proviso, related to relief).
  49:906(e) (7th sentence proviso, related to relief).

The section consolidates and restates the source provisions for clarity. The word "tariff" is substituted for "tariffs" and "schedules" for consistency and in view of the definition of "tariff" in section 10102. The word "rate" is substituted for "rates, fares, and charges" for consistency in view of the definition of "rate" in section 10102 of this title. The word "rules" is substituted for "rules, and regulations" for consistency when referring to a carrier. The word "service" is retained for consistency when referring to a freight forwarder. The word "transportation" is substituted for "carried", "handled", and "transportation and services connected therewith" for consistency in view of the definition of "transportation" in section 10102 of this title.

In subsection (a), the words "A carrier providing transportation or service subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under chapter 105 of this title" are inserted to conform the section to the revised title. The words "between different points on its own route and between points on its own route and points on the route of any other carrier" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement. The words "If no joint rate over the through route has been established, the several carriers to such through route shall file the separately established rates . . . applied to the through transportation" and "of passengers or property in interstate or foreign commerce" in 49:317(a), 318(a), and 906(a) and (e) are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement. The word "classifications" is substituted for "classification of freight in force" in 49:6(1) for clarity and consistency. The words "has provided" are substituted for "having rendered" for clarity. The word "that" is substituted for "such" for consistency. The words "for at least" are substituted for "not less than" for clarity. The word "reasonable" is omitted in view of section 10701 of the revision. See also the revision note to section 10101 of the revised title. The word "only" is inserted for clarity. The words "after hearing" in 49:318(a) (2d sentence proviso) are omitted as unnecessary in view of subchapter II of chapter 5 of title 5. The word "lawful" in 49:317(a), 906(b), and 1005(b) is omitted as surplus. The words "may not become effective for 30 days" are substituted for "except after thirty days' notice" in 49:318(a), 906(e), and 1005(a) for clarity. The words "on the route of any common carrier by railroad . . . when a through route and joint rate shall have been established" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement. The words "subject to this chapter" in 49:1005(a) are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement.

In subsection (b), the words "The Commission may prescribe specific charges to be identified in a tariff" are substituted for "all other charges which the Commission may require" for clarity. The words "must identify plainly" are substituted for "shall plainly state" for clarity. The words "a common carrier providing transportation or service subject to its jurisdiction under subchapter I, III, or IV of that chapter" are inserted to conform to the revised title. The word "given" is substituted for "granted" for consistency. The words "A joint tariff . . . shall identify the carriers that are parties to it" are substituted for "The names of the several carriers which are parties to any joint tariff shall be specified therein" in 49:6(4) for clarity. The 4th and 5th sentences of 49:6(1) are omitted as obsolete and unnecessary in view of the restatement.

Subsection (c) is divided into paragraphs to preserve the existing distinctions applicable to the different types of carriers. The words "When a . . . carrier . . . proposes to" are inserted for clarity. The words "the carrier shall publish, file, and keep open for public inspection a notice . . . as required under subsections (a) and (b) of this section" are substituted for "published as aforesaid" for clarity. The words "A notice . . . shall plainly identify" are substituted for "which shall plainly state" for clarity. The words "the proposed change . . . and indicate its proposed effective date" are substituted for "the changes proposed to be made in the schedule then in force and the time when the changed rates . . . will go into effect" for clarity. The words "for 30 days after the notice is published, filed, and held open as required under subsections (a) and (b) of this section" are substituted for "except after thirty days' notice" for clarity.

In subsection (d), the words "The Commission may reduce the 30-day period of subsections (a) and (c) of this section" are substituted for "the Commission may . . . allow changes upon less than the notice herein specified" for clarity. The words "in its discretion" are omitted as surplus. The words "change the other requirements of this section" are substituted for "modify the requirements of this section in respect to publishing, posting, and filing of tariffs" for clarity. The words "in particular instances or as they apply to special circumstances" are substituted for "either in particular instances or by a general order applicable to special or peculiar circumstances or conditions" because of the general authority to prescribe regulations under section 10321(a) of the revised subtitle. The words "may prescribe regulations for the simplification of tariffs by" are substituted for "is hereby authorized to make suitable rules and regulations for the simplification of schedules" in 49:6(3) for clarity. The words "carriers providing transportation subject to its jurisdiction under subchapter I of chapter 105 of this title" are inserted to conform to the revised title. The words "permit them to change rates, . . . without filing complete tariffs that cover matter that is not being changed" are substituted for "to permit in such rules . . . the filing of an amendment of or change in any rate, . . . without filing complete schedules covering rates, . . . not changed" in 49:6(3) for clarity. The words "Those carriers may publish" are inserted for clarity. The words "new tariffs that incorporate changes or plainly indicate the proposed changes on the tariffs then in effect" are substituted for "the proposed changes shall be shown by printing new schedules, or shall be plainly indicated upon the schedules in force at the time" in 49:6(3) for clarity. The words "beginning 2 years after February 4, 1976" in 49:6(6) are omitted as executed. The words "rail carriers" are substituted for "common carrier by railroad" in 49:6(6) for consistency. The words "subject to this chapter" in 49:6(6) are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement. The words "becomes effective" are substituted for "is approved" in 49:6(6) for clarity. The word "void" is substituted for "null and void" in 49:6(6) to eliminate redundancy. The words "of time" in 49:6(6) are omitted as surplus. The words "for the extension" are substituted for "therefore" in 49:6(6) for clarity. The word "send" is substituted for "shall be promptly transmitted" in 49:6(6) for clarity.

In subsection (e), the word "may" is substituted for "is authorized" for clarity. The word "submitted" is substituted for "filed" and for the text of 49:6(9) for clarity. The words "under this section" are inserted for clarity. The word "violates" is substituted for "which is not in accordance" for clarity. The words "Any schedule so rejected by the Commission shall be void and its use shall be unlawful" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement.

In subsection (f), the words "from this section" are substituted for "from the provisions of this paragraph" in 49:318(a) and "from the provisions of this subsection" in 49:906(e) to conform to the revised title. The words "to such extent and for such time, and in such manner as in its judgment" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement. The words "may begin a proceeding under this subsection" are substituted for "after hearing" in view of subchapter II of chapter 5 of title 5. The words "on application" are substituted for "may apply to" for clarity. The word "group" is substituted for "class or group" as being more inclusive. The words "for good cause shown" in 49:906(e) (7th sentence proviso) are omitted as surplus in view of the specific criteria imposed by that section.

References in Text

The Negotiated Rates Act of 1993, referred to in subsecs. (a)(1) and (j), is Pub. L. 103–180, Dec. 3, 1993, 107 Stat. 2044, which enacted sections 10767 and 11712 of this title, amended this section and sections 10701, 10702, 11101, 11706, 11901, and 11909 of this title, and enacted provisions set out as notes under sections 10101 and 10701 of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title of 1993 Amendment note set out under section 10101 of this title and Tables.

The Trucking Industry Regulatory Reform Act of 1994, referred to in subsec. (a)(1), is title II of Pub. L. 103–311, Aug. 26, 1994, 108 Stat. 1683, which enacted section 10936 of this title, amended this section and sections 10101, 10102, 10505, 10521, 10702, 10761, 10922, 10923, 10925, and 11501 of this title, and enacted provisions set out as notes under section 10101 of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title of 1994 Amendment note set out under section 10101 of this title and Tables.

The date of enactment of the Trucking Industry Regulatory Reform Act of 1994, referred to in subsecs. (a)(1), (5) and (j), is the date of enactment of Pub. L. 103–311, which was approved Aug. 26, 1994.

Section 10922(b)(4)(E) of this title, referred to in subsec. (g), was redesignated section 10922(c)(4)(E) of this title and subsequently repealed by Pub. L. 103–311, title II, §207(a)(1), (b)(2), Aug. 26, 1994, 108 Stat. 1686, 1687.

Section 10923(b)(5) of this title, referred to in subsec. (g), was redesignated section 10923(c)(5) of this title and subsequently repealed by Pub. L. 103–311, title II, §208(b), (c)(2), Aug. 26, 1994, 108 Stat. 1687, 1688.

The date of the enactment of this subsection, referred to in subsecs. (h) and (i), is the date of enactment of Pub. L. 103–180, which was approved Dec. 3, 1993.

Amendments

1994—Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 103–311, §206(c)(1)–(3), inserted "(excluding a motor common carrier providing transportation of property, other than household goods, under an individually determined rate, classification, rule, or practice, as defined in section 10102(13), or in noncontiguous domestic trade)" after "A motor common carrier" in second sentence and "(excluding a motor common carrier providing transportation of property, other than household goods, under an individually determined rate, classification, rule, or practice, as defined in section 10102(13), or in noncontiguous domestic trade)" after "motor common carriers" in third sentence and substituted last two sentences for former last sentence which read as follows: "A motor contract carrier that serves only one shipper and has provided continuous transportation to that shipper for at least one year or a motor carrier of property providing transportation under a certificate to which the provisions of section 10922(b)(4)(E) of this title apply or under a permit to which the provisions of section 10923(b)(5) of this title apply may file only its minimum rates unless the Commission finds that filing of actual rates is required in the public interest."

Subsec. (a)(3) to (5). Pub. L. 103–311, §206(c)(4), added pars. (3) to (5).

Subsec. (c)(1). Pub. L. 103–311, §206(d)(1), inserted "(excluding a motor common carrier providing transportation of property other than household goods, under an individually determined rate, classification, rule, or practice defined in section 10102(13), or in a noncontiguous domestic trade)" after "common carrier".

Subsec. (c)(2). Pub. L. 103–311, §206(d)(2), inserted "(except a motor contract carrier of property)" after "contract carrier".

Subsec. (j). Pub. L. 103–311, §206(e), added subsec. (j).

1993—Subsecs. (h), (i). Pub. L. 103–180 added subsecs. (h) and (i).

1986—Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 99–521 inserted "household goods" before "freight forwarder".

1982—Subsec. (c)(3). Pub. L. 97–261 inserted "and motor common carrier of passengers with respect to special or charter transportation" after "In the case of a carrier other than a rail carrier", and inserted provision that, in the case of a motor common carrier of passengers, a proposed rate change resulting in an increased rate or a new rate applicable to special or charter transportation shall not become effective for 30 days after the notice is published, and a proposed rate change resulting in a reduced rate applicable to special or charter transportation shall not become effective for 10 days after the notice is published.

1980—Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 96–296, §5(c)(1), inserted provision authorizing a motor carrier of property providing transportation under a certificate to which section 10922(b)(4)(E) of this title applies or a permit to which section 10923(b)(5) of this title applies to file only its minimum rates unless the Commission finds filing of actual rates required in the public interest.

Subsec. (c)(3). Pub. L. 96–448, §216(a), substituted "In the case of a carrier other than a rail carrier, a proposed" for "A proposed" and inserted provision specifying, in the case of a rail carrier, the notice period prior to a proposed rate change becoming effective.

Subsec. (d)(1). Pub. L. 96–448, §216(b), substituted "notice period" for "30-day period".

Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 96–296, §5(c)(2), added subsec. (g).

Effective Date of 1986 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 99–521 effective 60 days after Oct. 22, 1986, see section 15 of Pub. L. 99–521, set out as a note under section 10102 of this title.

Effective Date of 1982 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 97–261 effective on 60th day after Sept. 20, 1982, see section 31(a) of Pub. L. 97–261, set out as a note under section 10101 of this title.

Effective Date of 1980 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 96–448 effective Oct. 1, 1980, see section 710(a) of Pub. L. 96–448, set out as a note under section 10101 of this title.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in sections 10505, 10701, 10705a, 10708, 10730, 10735, 10764, 10765, 10925, 11712, 11901 of this title; title 43 section 942–1.

1 See References in Text note below.

§10763. Designation of certain routes by shippers or Interstate Commerce Commission

(a)(1) When a person delivers property to a rail carrier for transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under subchapter I of chapter 105 of this title, the person may direct the carrier to transport the property over an established through route. When competing rail lines constitute a part of the route, the person shipping the property may designate the lines over which the property will be transported. The designation must be in writing. A carrier may be directed to transport property over a particular through route when—

(A) there are at least 2 through routes over which the property could be transported;

(B) a through rate has been established for transportation over each of those through routes; and

(C) the carrier is a party to those routes and rates.


(2) A carrier directed to route property transported under paragraph (1) of this subsection must issue a through bill of lading containing the routing instructions and transport the property according to the instructions. When the property is delivered to a connecting carrier, that carrier must also receive and transport it according to the routing instructions and deliver it to the next succeeding carrier or consignee according to the instructions.

(b) If no direction is made under subsection (a) of this section, the Commission may designate the route over which the property may be transported after arrival at the end of the route of one carrier or at a junction with the route of another carrier when the property is to be delivered to another carrier for further transportation. The Commission may act under this subsection when the public interest and a fair distribution of traffic require that action.

(c) The Commission may prescribe exceptions to the authority of a person to direct the movement of traffic under subsection (a) of this section.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1396.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10763(a) 49:15(10) (less words between 5th and 6th commas). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §15(10), (12); added June 18, 1910, ch. 309, §12, 36 Stat. 551; Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §§418, 419, 41 Stat. 484; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543; Feb. 5, 1976, Pub. L. 94–210, §202(c), 90 Stat. 35.
10763(b) 49:15(12).
10763(c) 49:15(10) (words between 5th and 6th commas).

In the section, the word "person" is substituted for "the person, firm, or corporation" and for "shipper" as being more inclusive.

In subsection (a)(1), the word "When" is substituted for "In all cases where" for clarity. The word "may" is substituted for "shall have the right" for clarity. The words "to a rail carrier for transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under subchapter I of chapter 105 of this title," are substituted for "any railroad corporation being a common carrier for transportation subject to the provisions of this chapter" to conform to the revised title. The words "over an established through route" are substituted for "by which of such through routes such property shall be transported to destination" for clarity. The words "rail lines" are substituted for "lines of railroad" for consistency. The words "in all instances" are omitted as surplus.

In subsection (a)(1)(A), the words "there are at least 2 through routes over which the property could be transported" are substituted for "for transportation . . . to any point of destination, between which and the point of such delivery for shipment two or more through routes . . . shall have been established as in this chapter provided" for clarity.

In subsection (a)(1)(C), the words "the carrier is a party to those routes and rates" are substituted for "provided to which through routes and through rates such carrier is a party" for clarity.

In subsection (a)(2), the words "A carrier directed to route property" are substituted for "of the initial carrier" for clarity. The word "must" is substituted for "it shall thereupon be the duty" to reflect the condition precedent. The word "said" is omitted as surplus. The words "containing the routing instructions" are added for clarity and in view of their subsequent use in the proviso. The words "transport the property according to the instructions" are substituted for "to route said property . . . and to transport said property over its own line or lines and" for clarity. The words "When the property is delivered to a connecting carrier, that carrier must" are substituted for "deliver the same to a connecting line or lines according to such through route, and it shall be the duty of each of said connecting carriers" for clarity.

In subsection (b), the words "If no direction is made under subsection (a) of this section" are substituted for "With respect to traffic not routed by the shipper" for consistency. The words "may be transported" are substituted for "shall take" for clarity. The words "end of the route" are substituted for "terminus" for clarity. The words "another carrier for further transportation" are substituted for "there delivered to another carrier" for clarity.

In subsection (c), the words "The Commission may prescribe exceptions to the authority of a person to direct the movement of traffic under subsection (a) of this section" are substituted for "subject to such exceptions and regulations as the Interstate Commerce Commission shall from time to time prescribe" for clarity.

§10764. Arrangements between carriers: copy to be filed with Interstate Commerce Commission

(a)(1) A common carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under subchapter I of chapter 105 of this title shall file with the Commission a copy of each arrangement related to transportation affected by this subtitle that the carrier has with another common carrier. The Commission may require other carriers and brokers subject to its jurisdiction under chapter 105 to file a copy of each arrangement related to transportation or service affected by this subtitle that they have with other persons.

(2) When the Commission finds that filing a class of arrangements by a carrier subject to its jurisdiction under subchapter I of that chapter is not necessary in the public interest, the Commission may except the class from paragraph (1) of this subsection.

(b) The Commission may disclose the existence or contents of an arrangement between a contract carrier and a shipper filed under subsection (a) of this section only if the disclosure is—

(1) limited to those parts of the arrangement that are necessary to indicate the extent of its failure to conform to a tariff then in effect under section 10762 of this title; or

(2) consistent with the public interest and made as a part of the record in a formal proceeding.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1397.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10764(a) 49:6(5). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, §6(5), 24 Stat. 380; Mar. 2, 1889, ch. 382, §1, 25 Stat. 855; June 29, 1906, ch. 3591, §2, 34 Stat. 586; June 18, 1910, ch. 309, §9, 36 Stat. 548; Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §409, 41 Stat. 483; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543; Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §8, 54 Stat. 910; restated Aug. 2, 1949, ch. 379, §5, 63 Stat. 486.
  49:320(a) (3d sentence). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §220(a) (less 1st and 2d sentences); added Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 563; restated Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §24, 54 Stat. 926.
  49:913(b) (1st sentence). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §313(b); added Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §201, 54 Stat. 944.
  49:1012(a) (last sentence). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §412(a) (last sentence); added May 16, 1942, ch. 318, §1, 56 Stat. 294.
10764(b) 49:320(a) (less 1st, 2d, and 3d sentences).
  49:913(b) (less 1st sentence).

The section consolidates and restates the source provisions for clarity. The word "arrangement" is substituted for "contracts", "agreements", and "arrangements" as being more inclusive. The word "transportation" is substituted for "facilities", "service", and "traffic" for clarity and in view of the definition of "transportation" in section 10102 of the revised title.

In subsection (a), the words "to which it may be a party" in 49:6(5) are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement. The word "subtitle" is substituted for "the provisions of this chapter" to conform to the revised title. The words "any other carrier" in 49:320(a) and 1012(a) are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement. The word "each" is substituted for "all" for clarity. The word "another" is substituted for "other" for clarity. The words "Provided, however" in 49:6(5) are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement. The words "by regulations" in 49:6(5) are omitted as unnecessary in view of section 10321(a) of this title giving the Commission general authority to prescribe regulations. The words "may except" are substituted for "may provide for exceptions" in 49:6(5) for clarity. The words "from paragraph (1) of this subsection" are substituted for "from the requirements of this paragraph" in 49:6(5) to conform to the revised title. The words "when the Commission finds that filing a class of arrangements . . . is not necessary in the public interest" are substituted for "the filing of which, in its opinion, is not necessary in the public interest" in 49:6(5) for clarity. The words "classes" in 49:6(5) and "true" in 49:320(a), 913(b), and 1012(a) are omitted as surplus.

In subsection (b), the words "may . . . only if" are substituted for "shall not . . . unless" for clarity. The word "disclose" is substituted for "make public" for clarity. The words "the existence or contents of an arrangement" are substituted for "any . . . arrangement . . . or any of the terms or conditions thereof" for clarity. The word "except" is omitted in view of the restatement. The words "Provided, That if it appears from an examination" and "in its discretion" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement. The word "parts" is substituted for "portions" as being more appropriate. The words "the extent of its failure" are substituted for "to disclose such failure and the extent thereof" for clarity. The words "tariff that is then in effect under section 10762 of this title" are substituted for "published schedule of the contract carrier . . . as required by section 318(a) of this title" for clarity.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in sections 11348, 11901 of this title.

§10765. Water transportation under arrangements with certain other carriers

(a) The Interstate Commerce Commission may require a common carrier providing transportation or service subject to its jurisdiction under chapter 105 of this title that makes an arrangement with a water carrier (whether or not subject to its jurisdiction under this subtitle) providing transportation from a port in the United States to another country for the through transportation of property from a place in the interior of the United States to another country to make similar arrangements with steamship lines that provide transportation from that port to that country.

(b) A carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter I of chapter 105 of this title that transports property from a place in the United States through another country to a place in the United States shall publish and keep open for public inspection tariffs as required under section 10762 of this title. The tariffs shall identify the through rate established for that transportation to the United States from another country to which the carrier accepts property for shipment from the United States. Unless the through rates are available for public inspection under that section, the property is subject to customs duties applicable to property produced in another country before the property may be admitted to the United States.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1397.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10765(a) 49:6(12). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, §6(2), (12), 24 Stat. 380; Mar. 2, 1889, ch. 382, §1, 25 Stat. 855; restated June 29, 1906, ch. 3591, §2, 34 Stat. 586; June 18, 1910, ch. 309, §9, 39 Stat. 548; Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §409, 41 Stat. 483; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543; Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §8(d), 54 Stat. 910.
10765(b) 49:6(2).

In subsection (a), the words "a common carrier providing transportation or service subject to its jurisdiction under chapter 105 of this title" are substituted for "any common carrier subject to this Act" to conform to the revised title. The words "by order" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement. The word "place" is substituted for "points" for clarity. The words "transportation" is substituted for "handling of . . . business" in view of the definition of "transportation" in section 10102 of this title. The words "steamship lines" are substituted for "any or all other lines of steamships" for clarity. The words "that provide transportation from that port to that country" are substituted for "operating from said port to the same foreign country" for clarity.

In subsection (b), the words "A carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter I of chapter 105 of this title" are substituted for "Any common carrier subject to the provisions of this chapter" to conform to the revised title. The word "property" is substituted for "freight" for consistency. The words "at every depot or office where such freight is received for shipment" are omitted as unnecessary in view of section 10762 of the revised title. The words "Unless the through rates are available for public inspection" are substituted for "the through rate on which shall not have been made public, as required by this chapter" for clarity. The words "the property is subject to customs duties applicable to property produced in another country before the property may be admitted to the United States" are substituted for "before it is admitted into the United States from said foreign country, be subject to customs duties as if said freight were of foreign production" for clarity. The words "as if" are omitted as surplus.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in section 11901 of this title.

§10766. Freight forwarder traffic agreements

(a) A household goods freight forwarder providing service subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under subchapter IV of chapter 105 of this title may agree with another household goods freight forwarder to load traffic jointly between places served under this subtitle. However, the Commission may cancel, suspend, or require changes in the agreement when the Commission finds the agreement is inconsistent with the transportation policy of section 10101 of this title.

(b) A household goods freight forwarder providing service subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under that subchapter may contract with motor common carriers, and motor contract carriers of property, providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II of that chapter, to provide transportation for the forwarder. A copy of that contract must be filed with the Commission. The contract may govern use by the household goods freight forwarder of the services and instrumentalities of the motor common carrier or the motor contract carrier of property and the compensation to be paid for the transportation. However, the parties to a contract must establish reasonable conditions and compensation that are consistent with the transportation policy of section 10101 of this title and do not unreasonably discriminate against a party or another household goods freight forwarder. When the Commission finds that a contract, or its conditions or compensation, under this subsection is or will be inconsistent with this subsection, the Commission shall prescribe consistent conditions and compensation.

(c) Authority of Freight Forwarders To Enter Into Contracts.—A freight forwarder (other than a household goods freight forwarder) providing service which, on the day before the date of the enactment of the Surface Freight Forwarder Deregulation Act of 1986, would have been service subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter IV of chapter 105 of this title may contract with—

(1) a rail carrier,

(2) a water common carrier providing transportation subject to the Shipping Act, 1916 (46 U.S.C. App. 801–842) or the Intercoastal Shipping Act, 1933 (46 U.S.C. App. 843–848),

(3) a motor common carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II of such chapter,

(4) a motor contract carrier of property providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under such subchapter II, and

(5) a shipper.


(d) The Commission may begin a proceeding under this section on its own initiative or on complaint.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1398; Pub. L. 96–296, §10(d), July 1, 1980, 94 Stat. 801; Pub. L. 99–521, §7(l), Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2995.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10766(a) 49:1004(d) (less words between 4th and 5th commas). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §§404(d), 409; added May 16, 1942, ch. 318, §1, 56 Stat. 287, 290; Nov. 12, 1943, ch. 299, §§1, 2, 57 Stat. 590; May 16, 1945, ch. 128, §1, 59 Stat. 169; Feb. 20, 1946, ch. 32, §1, 60 Stat. 21; restated Dec. 20, 1950, ch. 1140, §2, 64 Stat. 1114.
10766(b) 49:1009(a), (b) (less 2d sentence 1st–10th words).
10766(c) 49:1004(d) (words between 4th and 5th commas).
  49:1009(b) (2d sentence 1st–10th words).

In subsection (a), the word "may" is substituted for "Nothing in this chapter shall be construed to prohibit" for clarity. The word "agree" is substituted for "entering into an agreement" for clarity. The words "places served under this subtitle" are substituted for "points in transportation subject to this chapter" for clarity. The word "However" is substituted for "except that" for clarity. The word "changes" is substituted for "modification" for clarity.

In subsection (b), the word "may" is substituted for "Nothing in this Act shall be construed to prevent" for clarity. The words "contract with" are substituted for "entering into or continuing . . . under contracts" for clarity. The words "Provided, That" and "And provided further, That" are omitted as surplus. The words "parties to a contract must" are substituted for "in the case of such contracts it shall be the duty of the parties thereto" for clarity. The words "just and equitable" are omitted as surplus. The words "unreasonably discriminate against a party" are substituted for "unduly prefer or prejudice any of such participants" for clarity and as being more inclusive. See the revision note to section 10101 of the revised title. The words "When a contract under this subsection governs" are substituted for "in the case of" for clarity. The words "where such line-haul transportation is" are omitted as unnecessary. The words "at least 450 highway miles" are substituted for "of four hundred and fifty highway miles or more" for clarity. The words "the compensation paid . . . under the contract may not be less" are substituted for "such contracts shall not permit payment . . . of compensation which is lower than" for clarity. The word "rate" is substituted for "rates or charges" in view of the definition of "rate" in section 10102 of the revised title. The words "under this chapter" are substituted for "under chapter 8 of this title" in view of the restatement. The words "in accordance with such reasonable rules and regulations as the Commission shall prescribe" are omitted as unnecessary in view of section 10321 of the revised title giving the Commission the power to carry out the subtitle and to prescribe regulations. The word "finds" is substituted for "is the opinion" in view of subchapter II of chapter 5 of title 5.

In subsection (c), the word "proceeding" is substituted for "hearing" in view of subchapter II of chapter 5 of title 5. The words "may begin . . . on its own initiative or on application" are made applicable to 49:1004(d) for clarity and consistency.

References in Text

The date of the enactment of the Surface Freight Forwarder Deregulation Act of 1986, referred to in subsec. (c), is the date of enactment of Pub. L. 99–521, which was approved Oct. 22, 1986.

The Shipping Act, 1916, referred to in subsec. (c)(2), is act Sept. 7, 1916, ch. 451, 39 Stat. 728, as amended, which is classified generally to chapter 23 (§801 et seq.) of Title 46, Appendix, Shipping. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see section 842 of Title 46, Appendix, and Tables.

The Intercoastal Shipping Act, 1933, referred to in subsec. (c)(2), is act Mar. 3, 1933, ch. 199, 47 Stat. 1425, as amended, which is classified generally to chapter 23A (§843 et seq.) of Title 46, Appendix. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see section 848 of Title 46, Appendix, and Tables.

Amendments

1986—Subsecs. (a), (b). Pub. L. 99–521, §7(l)(1), inserted "household goods" before "freight forwarder" wherever appearing.

Subsecs. (c), (d). Pub. L. 99–521, §7(l)(2), added subsec. (c) and redesignated former subsec. (c) as (d).

1980—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 96–296 inserted ", and motor contract carriers of property," after "motor common carriers" and "or the motor contract carrier of property" after "motor common carrier" and struck out provision requiring that when a contract under this subsection governed line-haul transportation of property for a total distance of at least 450 highway miles in truckload lots between concentration and break-bulk places, the compensation paid to a motor common carrier could not be less than the rate for that transportation established under this chapter.

Effective Date of 1986 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 99–521 effective 60 days after Oct. 22, 1986, see section 15 of Pub. L. 99–521, set out as a note under section 10102 of this title.

§10767. Billing and collecting practices

(a) Regulations Limiting Reduced Rates.—Not later than 120 days after the date of the enactment of this section, the Commission shall issue regulations that prohibit a motor carrier subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II of chapter 105 of this title from providing a reduction in a rate set forth in its tariff or contract for the provision of transportation of property to any person other than (1) the person paying the motor carrier directly for the transportation service according to the bill of lading, receipt, or contract, or (2) an agent of the person paying for the transportation.

(b) Disclosure of Actual Rates, Charges, and Allowances.—The regulations of the Commission issued pursuant to this section shall require a motor carrier to disclose, when a document is presented or transmitted electronically for payment to the person responsible directly to the motor carrier for payment or agent of such responsible person, the actual rates, charges, or allowances for the transportation service and shall prohibit any person from causing a motor carrier to present false or misleading information on a document about the actual rate, charge, or allowance to any party to the transaction. Where the actual rate, charge, or allowance is dependent upon the performance of a service by a party to the transportation arrangement, such as tendering a volume of freight over a stated period of time, the motor carrier shall indicate in any document presented for payment to the person responsible directly to the motor carrier for the payment that a reduction, allowance, or other adjustment may apply.

(c) Payments or Allowances for Certain Services.—The regulations issued by the Commission pursuant to this section shall not prohibit a motor carrier from making payments or allowances to a party to the transaction for services that would otherwise be performed by the motor carrier, such as a loading or unloading service, if the payments or allowances are reasonably related to the cost that such party knows or has reason to know would otherwise be incurred by the motor carrier.

(Added Pub. L. 103–180, §7(a), Dec. 3, 1993, 107 Stat. 2051.)

References in Text

The date of the enactment of this section, referred to in subsec. (a), is the date of enactment of Pub. L. 103–180, which was approved Dec. 3, 1993.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in section 11901 of this title.

SUBCHAPTER V—VALUATION OF PROPERTY

Subchapter Referred to in Other Sections

This subchapter is referred to in section 11901 of this title; title 45 sections 1204, 1207.

§10781. Investigation and report by Interstate Commerce Commission

(a) The Interstate Commerce Commission shall investigate, establish, and report the value of all property owned or used by each carrier providing transportation subject to its jurisdiction under subchapter I of chapter 105 of this title, except a street, suburban, or interurban electric rail carrier not operated as a part of a general railroad system of transportation. However, the Commission may investigate, establish, and report the value of property owned or used by such an electric rail carrier when the Commission decides that action is desirable in the public interest. When the Commission makes an investigation required to be made under this section, it must—

(1) inventory and list the property of that carrier in detail;

(2) indicate the value established under section 10782 of this title for that property; and

(3) classify the physical property under classifications that conform, as nearly as practicable, to the classification of expenditures prescribed by the Commission for railroads and equipment.


(b) Except as provided in subsection (a) of this section, the Commission may prescribe—

(1) the procedure to be followed when conducting an investigation under this subchapter;

(2) the form in which to submit the results of the valuation; and

(3) the classification of the elements that make up the established value.


The report for each investigation conducted under this subchapter shall indicate the value of the property of each common carrier as a whole and separately identify the value of its property in each State and territory and possession of the United States in which the property is located.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1398.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10781(a) 49:19a(a) (1st and last sentences). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §19a(a) (1st and last sentences), (c); added Mar. 1, 1913, ch. 92, §1, 37 Stat. 701; Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §433, 41 Stat. 493; June 16, 1933, ch. 91, §207, 48 Stat. 221; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543.
10781(b) 49:19a(c).

In subsection (a), the word "establish" is substituted for "ascertain" as being more appropriate. The word "each" is substituted for "every" for clarity. The words "providing transportation subject to its jurisdiction under subchapter I of chapter 105 of this title" are substituted for "subject to the provisions of this chapter" to conform to the revised title. The words "rail carrier" are substituted for "railway" for consistency. The words "in its discretion" are omitted as surplus. The words "subject to the provisions of this chapter" in 49:19a(a) (1st sentence 2d clause) are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement of that section. The word "decides" is substituted for "in its judgment" for consistency. The words "When the Commission makes an investigation required to be made under this section" are substituted for "subject to the exception hereinbefore provided for in the case of electric railways" for clarity. The word "indicate" is substituted for "show" for clarity. The words "value established under section 10782 of this title" are substituted for "value . . . as hereinbefore provided" as being more precise.

In subsection (b), the cross reference to subsection (a) is substituted for "herein otherwise provided" for clarity. The words "Commission may" are substituted for "the Commission shall have the power to" for clarity. The words "method of" are omitted as surplus. The words "when conducting" are substituted for "in the conduct of the" to reflect the continued applicability of 49:19a. The words "to submit" are substituted for "shall be submitted" for clarity. The word "established" is substituted for "ascertained" for consistency. The words "The report for" are inserted for clarity. The words "territory and possession" are substituted for "Territories" for consistency. The words "classified and in detail as herein required" are omitted as surplus.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in section 10782 of this title.

§10782. Requirements for establishing value

(a) In carrying out an investigation of a common carrier required under section 10781 of this title, the Interstate Commerce Commission shall—

(1) establish, for each piece of property except land owned or used by the carrier as a common carrier, the original cost to date, cost of reproduction new and cost of reproduction less depreciation, and analyze the methods used to establish those costs and the reasons for differences among them;

(2) establish other values, and elements of value, of that property and analyze the methods used to establish them and the reasons for differences between them and the cost values established under clause (1) of this subsection;

(3) establish separately from improvements, the original cost on the date of dedication to public use, of all lands, rights of way, and terminals owned or used by the carrier as a common carrier and establish their current value;

(4) identify property not held by the carrier as a common carrier, its original cost, and current value and analyze the methods of valuation used;

(5) establish the amount and value of assistance or grant of right of way made to the carrier, or to a previous corporation that operated its property, by the United States Government or by a State, county, or municipal government, or by an individual, association, or corporation and the amount and value of any concession and allowance made by the United States Government or another of those governments in consideration of that assistance; and

(6) identify the grants of land to that carrier, or to a previous corporation that operated its property, by the United States Government, or by a State, county, or municipal government, the amount of money derived from the sale of part of those grants, the value of the unsold parts (established as of the date acquired and currently), and the amount and value of any concession and allowance made by the carrier to the United States Government, or another of those governments, in consideration of that assistance or grant of land.


(b) The Commission may prescribe elements to consider in establishing the cost to date of property owned or used by a carrier. However, in establishing that cost, the Commission shall investigate and include in those elements—

(1) the history and organization of the corporation that currently operates the property and of previous corporations that also operated that property;

(2) increases or decreases of securities during reorganization of that corporation or such a previous corporation;

(3) money received through the issuance of securities by that corporation or such a previous corporation;

(4) syndicating, banking, and other financial arrangements under which those securities were issued and the expenses thereof;

(5) the net and gross earnings of those corporations; and

(6) the expenditure of all money and the purposes of those expenditures in as much detail as the Commission determines to be necessary.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1399.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10782(a) 49:19a(b) (less 4th par.). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §19a(b); added Mar. 1, 1913, ch. 92, §1, 37 Stat. 701; Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §433, 41 Stat. 493; June 7, 1922, ch. 210, §§1, 2, 42 Stat. 624; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543.
10782(b) 49:19a(b) (4th par.).

In subsection (a), the words "First.", "Second.", "Third.", "Fourth.", and "Fifth." are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement. The words "investigation of a common carrier required under section 10781 of this title" are substituted for "In such investigation" as being more precise. The word "establish" is substituted for "ascertain" for clarity. The words "report" and "report in detail" are omitted as surplus in view of the requirement that the Commission report under section 10781 of the revised title. The words "analyze the methods used" are substituted for "and an analysis of the methods by which" for clarity. The words "The Commission shall in like manner . . . and report separately" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement.

In subsection (a)(3), the words "establish separately" are substituted for "state in detail and separately" for clarity and consistency.

In subsection (a)(4), the word "identify" is substituted for "show separately" for clarity. The word "current" is substituted for "present" as being more appropriate.

In subsection (a)(5) and (6), the word "assistance" is substituted for "aid, gift, . . . donation" as being inclusive. In subsection (a)(5), the words "grant of right-of-way" are retained because they refer to an interest in land. In subsection (a)(6), the word "part" is substituted for "portion" for consistency. The word "also" is omitted as surplus.

In subsection (b), the words "The Commission may prescribe elements to consider in establishing" are substituted for "to such other elements as it may deem necessary" for clarity. The words "in addition" are omitted as surplus. The words "as the Commission determines to be necessary" are substituted for "in such detail as may be determined by the Commission" for clarity.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in section 10781 of this title.

§10783. Cooperation and assistance of carriers

(a) Each common carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under subchapter I of chapter 105 of this title shall cooperate with and assist the Commission in valuing property under this subchapter. The Commission may order those carriers to—

(1) give to the Commission maps, profiles, contracts, engineering reports, and other records to assist it in investigating and establishing the value of that carrier's property; and

(2) assist the Commission in valuing property under this subchapter in other ways, including giving its agents free access to its right-of-way, property, and records on request.


(b) A rail carrier whose property is being valued under this subchapter shall—

(1) transport employees of the United States Government who are making surveys and other examinations of the physical property of that carrier in the course of that valuation when reasonably required by them in the actual discharge of their duties;

(2) transport and store the cars of the United States Government that are used to house and maintain those employees when reasonably required during the valuation; and

(3) transport supplies necessary to maintain those employees and the property of the United States Government actually used on the railroad during the valuation.


(c) The transportation required to be provided under subsection (b) of this section is considered a special service for which the Commission may prescribe the compensation to be paid. A rail carrier shall give the Commission an accurate accounting of the transportation provided under this section when required by the Commission.

(d) The Commission shall keep records compiled under this subchapter open for public inspection. However, the Commission may order those records closed to the public but must state its reasons for closing them.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1400.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10783(a) 49:19a(e) (less last sentence). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §19a(e); added Mar. 1, 1913, ch. 92, §1, 37 Stat. 701; Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §433, 41 Stat. 493; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543.
10783(b), (c) 49:52. Aug. 1, 1914, ch. 223, §1 (5th full par.), 38 Stat. 627.
10783(d) 49:19a(e) (last sentence).

In subsection (a), the words "Each common carrier . . . shall cooperate with and assist" are substituted for "and every common carrier is directed and required to cooperate with and aid" for clarity. The words "or its agents" are omitted as surplus. The words "from time to time" are omitted as surplus. The words "other records" are substituted for "and any other documents, records, and papers, or copies of any or all of the same" as being more inclusive. The word "establishing" is substituted for "determination" for consistency.

In subsection (a)(2), the words "and shall grant to all agents of the Commission free access to its right-of-way, its property, and its accounts, records, and memoranda whenever and wherever requested by any such duly authorized agent" and "in such further particulars and to such extent as the Commission may require and direct" are restated and consolidated for clarity. The words "its agents" are retained in view of the context. The words "all rules and regulations made by the Commission for the purpose of administering the provisions of the section and section 20 of this title shall have the full force and effect of law" are omitted as surplus in view of section 10321 of the revised title.

In subsection (b), the words "a rail carrier . . . shall" are substituted for "It shall be the duty of every common carrier by railroad" for clarity. The words "employees of the United States Government" are substituted for "the engineers, field parties, and other employees of the United States" since it is more inclusive. The words "in the course of that valuation" are substituted for "to execute said section" for clarity. The words "from point to point on said railroad" are omitted as surplus. The word "also" is omitted as surplus. The word "transport" is substituted for "move" and "carry" for consistency. The word "during" is substituted for "in said work of" for clarity.

In subsection (c), the words "the Commission may prescribe the compensation to be paid" are substituted for "shall be rendered under such forms and regulations and for such reasonable compensation as may be prescribed by the Interstate Commerce Commission" and "as will insure an accurate record and account of the services rendered by the railroad" for clarity. The words "such forms" are omitted as included in "regulations". The words "A rail carrier shall give the Commission an accurate accounting of the transportation provided" are substituted for "and such evidence of transportation, bills of lading, and so forth, shall be furnished to the Commission as may from time to time be required by the Commission" for clarity.

In subsection (d), the word "records" is substituted for "records and data" as being more inclusive and for consistency. The words "compiled under this subchapter" are inserted for clarity. The word "inspection" is substituted for "inspection and examination" to eliminate redundancy. The words "However, the Commission may order those records closed" are substituted for "Unless otherwise ordered by the Commission" for clarity.

§10784. Revision of property valuations

(a) When the Interstate Commerce Commission completes an initial valuation of property under this subchapter, it shall keep itself informed of new construction, changes in condition, quantity, use, and classification of property on which an initial valuation was made and the cost of all improvements to, and changes in investment, in that property. The Commission may keep itself informed of current changes in costs and values of railroad property to carry out this section. When necessary, the Commission may correct, revise, and supplement an inventory or valuation of property it has made.

(b) The Commission may order a carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter I of chapter 105 of this title to give it reports and information needed to carry out this section.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1400; Pub. L. 96–258, §1(8), June 3, 1980, 94 Stat. 426.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Pub. L. 95–473
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10784(a) 49:19a(f). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §19a(f), (g); added Mar. 1, 1913, ch. 92, §1, 37 Stat. 702; Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §433, 41 Stat. 493; restated June 16, 1933, ch. 91, §208, 48 Stat. 221; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543.
10784(b) 49:19a(g).

In subsection (a), the words "When the . . . Commission completes an initial valuation of property under this subchapter" are substituted for "Upon completion of the original valuations herein provided for" for clarity. The word "initial" is substituted for "original" as being more appropriate. The words "to carry out this section" as substituted for "in order that it may have available at all times the information deemed by it to be necessary to enable it to" in view of the restatement of 49:19a(f).

In subsection (b), the words "To enable . . . the provisions of" are omitted as surplus. The words "this section" is substituted for "paragraph (f) of this section" in view of the restatement. The word "needed" is added for clarity.

Pub. L. 96–258

This amends section 10784(a) by making a technical change to conform to the source provision to make it clear that the Commission has the discretionary authority to correct, revise, and supplement inventories and valuations.

Amendments

1980—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 96–258 substituted "keep" for "thereafter correct, revise, and supplement that valuation, including previous inventories and classifications, by keeping" and inserted last sentence relating to the Commission's authority to correct, revise, and supplement an inventory or valuation of property.

Effective Date of 1980 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 96–258 effective Oct. 17, 1978, see section 3(d) of Pub. L. 96–258, set out as a note under section 10525 of this title.

§10785. Finality of valuation: notice, protest, and review

(a) The Interstate Commerce Commission shall notify the carrier, the Attorney General, and the chief executive officer of each State in which property being valued under this subchapter is located, of the completion of a tentative valuation of that property. The Commission may also notify other parties. The notice must be sent by certified mail and must indicate the valuation established for each of that carrier's classes of property. A valuation of property under this subchapter becomes final if a protest is not filed within 30 days after notice of the tentative valuation of that property is given. When the tentative valuation becomes final under this subsection, the effective date is the date of the tentative valuation.

(b) When a carrier files a protest of a tentative valuation, the Commission shall begin a proceeding to consider the protest. If the Commission decides that a tentative valuation should be changed, it may make the necessary changes. The tentative valuation, as changed, becomes final and is effective on the date of the final action of the Commission under this subsection.

(c) The Commission shall publish final valuations and classifications of property established under this subchapter. A final valuation or classification that has become effective under this subchapter is prima facie evidence of the value of the property in a proceeding under this subtitle and in a judicial proceeding to enforce, enjoin, set aside, annul, or suspend an action of the Commission.

(d) When evidence is introduced at the trial of an action involving a final valuation of property established by the Commission and found by the court to be different from the evidence offered to the Commission during a proceeding under subsection (b) of this section or in addition to that evidence and substantially affecting the valuation, the court shall send a copy of that evidence to the Commission and stay further proceedings in the action. The court may determine the duration of the stay of proceedings. The Commission shall consider the evidence and may change the final valuation established under this subchapter. The Commission shall complete its action and report to the court in the time determined by the court. If the Commission changes the valuation, the court must substitute the valuation as changed for the original valuation and give its judgment on the substituted valuation. If the Commission does not change the original valuation, the court must give judgment on the original valuation.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1401.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10785(a) 49:19a(h). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §19a(h), (i), (j); added Mar. 1, 1913, ch. 92, §1, 37 Stat. 702; Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §433, 41 Stat. 493; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543; June 11, 1960, Pub. L. 86–507, §1(38), 74 Stat. 202.
10785(b), (c) 49:19a(i).
10785(d) 49:19a(j).

In subsection (a), the words "shall notify" are substituted for "shall give notice" for clarity. The words "of the United States" are omitted as surplus. The words "chief executive officer" are substituted for "governor" in view of the inclusion of the District of Columbia. The words "each State" are substituted for "of any State" as being more appropriate. The words "of the completion of a tentative valuation" are substituted for "Whenever . . . shall have completed the tentative valuation" for clarity. The words "The Commission may also notify other parties" are substituted for "and to such additional parties as the Commission may prescribe" for clarity and consistency in view of the general power of the Commission to carry out the revised subtitle and to prescribe regulations under section 10321 of the revised title. The words "The notice must be sent" are inserted for clarity. The word "registered" is omitted as unnecessary since it refers to an inappropriate class of mail. The words "established for" are substituted for "placed upon" for clarity. The word "several" is omitted as surplus. The words "A valuation of property under this subchapter becomes final" are inserted for clarity. The words "as herein directed, and before such valuation shall become final" and "and shall allow thirty days in which to file a protest of the same with the Commission" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement. The words "When the tentative valuation becomes final under this section" are substituted for "If no protest is filed within thirty days" in view of the restatement. The words "the effective date is the date of the tentative valuation" are substituted for "said valuation shall become final as of the date thereof" for clarity.

In subsection (b), the word "When" is substituted for "If" as more appropriate. The words "notice of" are omitted as surplus. The words "begin a proceeding to consider the protest" are substituted for "fix a time for hearing the same, and shall proceed as promptly as may be to hear and consider any matter relative and material thereto which may be presented in support of any such protest so filed as aforesaid" in view of subchapter II of chapter 5 of title 5 and subchapter II of chapter 103 of the revised title. The words "If the Commission decides that a tentative valuation should be changed, it may make the necessary changes" are substituted for "If after hearing any protest of such tentative valuation under the provisions of this chapter the Commission shall be of the opinion that its valuation should not become final, it shall make such changes as may be necessary" for consistency in view of subchapter II of chapter 5 of title 5 and subchapter II of chapter 103 of the revised title. The words "The tentative valuation, as changed, becomes final and is effective on the date of the final action of the Commission under this subsection" are substituted for "and shall issue an order making such corrected tentative valuation final as of the date thereof" for clarity and consistency in view of the restatement.

In subsection (d), the word "When" is substituted for "If upon" for clarity. The word "established" is substituted for "fixed" for consistency. The words "is introduced" are substituted for "shall be introduced" to put the sentence in the active voice. The words "during a proceeding under subsection (b) of this section" are substituted for "hearing before the Commission" as being more precise. The word "send" is substituted for "transmit" for clarity. The words "before proceeding to render judgment" are omitted as surplus in view of the restatement of 49:19a(j). The words "from the date of such transmission" are omitted as surplus. The words "Upon the receipt of such evidence" are omitted as surplus. The words "may change the final valuation established under this subchapter" are substituted for "may fix a final value different from the one fixed in the first instance, and may alter, modify, amend or rescind any order which it has made involving said final value" for clarity and consistency in view of subchapter II of chapter 103 of the revised title. The word "changes" is substituted for "alter, modify, or amend" for consistency and to eliminate redundancy. The words "the court must substitute" are added for clarity. The words "give its judgment" are substituted for "judgment shall be rendered" for clarity. The words "on the substituted valuation" are substituted for "thereon as though made by the Commission in the first instance" for clarity. The words "in the time determined" are substituted for "within the time fixed" for clarity.

§10786. Applicability

In addition to common carriers providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under subchapter I of chapter 105 of this title, this subchapter applies to receivers and operating trustees of those carriers.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1401.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10786 49:19a(k) (1st sentence). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §19a(k) (1st sentence); added Mar. 1, 1913, ch. 92, §1, 37 Stat. 703; Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §433, 41 Stat. 493.

The words "In addition to common carriers providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under subchapter I of chapter 105 of this title" are added for clarity.

CHAPTER 109—LICENSING

SUBCHAPTER I—RAILROADS AND FERRIES

Sec.
10901.
Authorizing construction and operation of railroad lines.
10902.
Authorizing action to provide adequate, efficient, and safe facilities.
10903.
Authorizing abandonment and discontinuance of railroad lines and rail transportation.
10904.
Filing and procedure for applications to abandon or discontinue.
10905.
Offers of financial assistance to avoid abandonment and discontinuance.
10906.
Offering abandoned rail properties for sale for public purposes.
10907.
Exceptions.
10908.
Discontinuing or changing interstate train or ferry transportation subject to State law.
10909.
Discontinuing or changing train or ferry transportation in one State.
10910.
Railroad development.

        

SUBCHAPTER II—OTHER CARRIERS AND MOTOR CARRIER BROKERS

10921.
Requirement for certificate, permit, or license.
10922.
Certificates of motor and water common carriers.
10923.
Permits of motor and water contract carriers and household goods freight forwarders.
10924.
Licenses of motor carrier brokers.
10925.
Effective periods of certificates, permits, and licenses.
10926.
Transfers of certificates and permits.
10927.
Security of motor carriers, brokers, and freight forwarders.
10928.
Temporary authority for motor and water carriers.
10929.
Temporary authority for previously exempt water transportation.
10930.
Limitations on certificates and permits.
10931.
Motor common carriers providing transportation entirely in one State.
10932.
Motor carrier savings provisions.
10933.
Authorizing abandonment of household goods freight forwarder service.
10934.
Household goods agents.
10935.
Discontinuing bus transportation in one State.
10936.
Limitation on State regulation of intrastate passengers by bus.

        

Amendments

1994Pub. L. 103–311, title II, §211(b)(3), Aug. 26, 1994, 108 Stat. 1690, which directed the amendment of table of sections for subchapter IV of this chapter by adding item 10936 at the end, was executed by adding item 10936 at end of analysis for this chapter.

1986Pub. L. 99–521, §8(a)(3), (f)(3), Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2996, 2997, inserted "household goods" in items 10923 and 10933.

1982Pub. L. 97–261, §16(b), Sept. 20, 1982, 96 Stat. 1117, added item 10935.

1980Pub. L. 96–454, §5(a)(2), Oct. 15, 1980, 94 Stat. 2014, added item 10934.

Pub. L. 96–448, title IV, §401(b), Oct. 14, 1980, 94 Stat. 1941, added item 10910.

Chapter Referred to in Other Sections

This chapter is referred to in sections 10701, 22106 of this title; title 45 section 748.

SUBCHAPTER I—RAILROADS AND FERRIES

§10901. Authorizing construction and operation of railroad lines

(a) A rail carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under subchapter I of chapter 105 of this title may—

(1) construct an extension to any of its railroad lines;

(2) construct an additional railroad line;

(3) acquire or operate an extended or additional railroad line; or

(4) provide transportation over, or by means of, an extended or additional railroad line;


only if the Commission finds that the present or future public convenience and necessity require or permit the construction or acquisition (or both) and operation of the railroad line.

(b) A proceeding to grant authority under subsection (a) of this section begins when an application is filed. On receiving the application, the Commission shall—

(1) send a copy of the application to the chief executive officer of each State that would be directly affected by the construction or operation of the railroad line;

(2) send an accurate and understandable summary of the application to a newspaper of general circulation in each area that would be affected by the construction or operation of the railroad line;

(3) have a copy of the summary published in the Federal Register;

(4) take other reasonable and effective steps to publicize the application; and

(5) indicate in each transmission and publication that each interested person is entitled to recommend to the Commission that it approve, deny, or take other action concerning the application.


(c)(1) If the Commission—

(A) finds public convenience and necessity, it may—

(i) approve the application as filed; or

(ii) approve the application with modifications and require compliance with conditions the Commission finds necessary in the public interest; or


(B) fails to find public convenience and necessity, it may deny the application.


(2) On approval, the Commission shall issue to the rail carrier a certificate describing the construction or acquisition (or both) and operation approved by the Commission.

(d)(1) Where a rail carrier has been issued a certificate of public convenience and necessity by the Commission authorizing the construction or extension of a railroad line, no other rail carrier may block such construction or extension by refusing to permit the carrier to cross its property if (A) the construction does not unreasonably interfere with the operation of the crossed line, (B) the operation does not materially interfere with the operation of the crossed line, and (C) the owner of the crossing line compensates the owner of the crossed line.

(2) If the carriers are unable to agree on the terms of operation or the amount of payment for purposes of paragraph (1) of this subsection, either party may submit the matters in dispute to the Commission for determination.

(e) The Commission may require any rail carrier proposing both to construct and operate a new railroad line pursuant to this section to provide a fair and equitable arrangement for the protection of the interests of railroad employees who may be affected thereby no less protective of and beneficial to the interests of such employees than those established pursuant to section 11347 of this title.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1402; Pub. L. 96–448, title II, §221, Oct. 14, 1980, 94 Stat. 1928.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10901(a) 49:1(18)(a) (less words related to certificates and less last sentence). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §1(18)(a), (b); added Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §402, 41 Stat. 477; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543; Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §4(c), 54 Stat. 902; restated Feb. 5, 1976, Pub. L. 94–210, §801(a), 90 Stat. 125.
10901(b) 49:1(18)(a) (last sentence).
10901(c) 49:1(18)(a) (related to certificates), (b).

In subsection (a)(1) and (2), the word "undertake" is omitted as unnecessary.

In subsection (a), after clause (4), the words "such extended or additional" are omitted as surplus. The words "or acquisition (or both)" are inserted for clarity and consistency with clause (3).

In subsection (b), the first sentence is inserted for clarity. The word "deny" is substituted for "disapprove" for consistency.

In the introductory matter of subsection (c), before clause (1), the first 2 sentences of 49:1(18)(b) are omitted as unnecessary in view of section 10321(a) of the revised title giving the Commission general authority to carry out the subtitle and prescribe regulations. The words "terms and" are omitted as unnecessary.

In subsection (c)(2), the words "or acquisition (or both)" are inserted for clarity and consistency with subsection (a).

Amendments

1980—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 96–448, §221(a), substituted "permit" for "will be enhanced by" in provision after par. (4).

Subsecs. (d), (e). Pub. L. 96–448, §221(b), added subsecs. (d) and (e).

Effective Date of 1980 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 96–448 effective Oct. 1, 1980, see section 710(a) of Pub. L. 96–448, set out as a note under section 10101 of this title.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in sections 10503, 10902, 10907, 11126, 11505, 11702, 11901 of this title; title 45 section 904.

§10902. Authorizing action to provide adequate, efficient, and safe facilities

The Interstate Commerce Commission may authorize a rail carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter I of chapter 105 of this title to take action necessary to provide adequate, efficient, and safe facilities to enable the rail carrier to perform its obligations under this subtitle, including extension of any of the carrier's railroad lines after issuance of a certificate under section 10901 of this title. The Commission may authorize a rail carrier to act under this section only if it finds that the expense involved will not impair the ability of the carrier to perform its obligations to the public. The Commission may conduct a proceeding on its own initiative or on application of an interested party.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1403.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10902 49:1(18)(c). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §1(18)(c); added Feb. 5, 1976, Pub. L. 94–210, §801(a), 90 Stat. 126.

In the first sentence, the words "after issuance of a certificate under section 10901 of this title" are inserted for clarity.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in sections 10503, 10907, 11126, 11505, 11702, 11901 of this title.

§10903. Authorizing abandonment and discontinuance of railroad lines and rail transportation

(a) A rail carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under subchapter I of chapter 105 of this title may—

(1) abandon any part of its railroad lines; or

(2) discontinue the operation of all rail transportation over any part of its railroad lines;


only if the Commission finds that the present or future public convenience and necessity require or permit the abandonment or discontinuance. In making the finding, the Commission shall consider whether the abandonment or discontinuance will have a serious, adverse impact on rural and community development.

(b)(1) Subject to sections 10904–10906 of this title, if the Commission—

(A) finds public convenience and necessity, it shall—

(i) approve the application as filed; or

(ii) approve the application with modifications and require compliance with conditions that the Commission finds are required by public convenience and necessity; or


(B) fails to find public convenience and necessity, it shall deny the application.


(2) On approval, the Commission shall issue to the rail carrier a certificate describing the abandonment or discontinuance approved by the Commission. Each certificate shall also contain provisions to protect the interests of employees. The provisions shall be at least as beneficial to those interests as the provisions established under sections 11347 and 24706(c) of this title.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1403; Pub. L. 96–448, title IV, §402(a), Oct. 14, 1980, 94 Stat. 1941; Pub. L. 98–216, §2(14), Feb. 14, 1984, 98 Stat. 5; Pub. L. 103–272, §5(m)(24), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1378.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10903(a) (less last sentence) 49:1a(1) (1st sentence less words related to certificates). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §1a(1) (1st sentence), (4); added Feb. 5, 1976, Pub. L. 94–210, §802, 90 Stat. 127, 128; Oct. 19, 1976, Pub. L. 94–555, §218(b), 90 Stat. 2628.
10903(a) (last sentence) 49:1a(4)(a) (words following the period).
10903(b) 49:1a(1) (1st sentence, words related to certificates), (4) (less the words following the period in subsection (a) and less the last 2 sentences).
10903(c) 49:1a(4) (last 2 sentences).

In subsection (a), the phrases "(hereafter in this section referred to as 'abandonment')" and "(hereafter referred to as 'discontinuance')" are omitted as unnecessary. The last sentence is restated for consistency.

Subsection (b) restates the source provisions for clarity and consistency. The first sentence and the words "Subject to sections 10904–10906 of this title" are inserted for clarity. The words "upon an order" are omitted as unnecessary. The words "terms and" are omitted as unnecessary. The word "deny" is substituted for "disapprove" for consistency. The citation "section 565(b)" is substituted for "section 565" as being more precise.

In subsection (c), the words "Except as otherwise provided in sections 10905 and 10906 of this title" are inserted for clarity.

Amendments

1994—Subsec. (b)(2). Pub. L. 103–272 substituted "sections 11347 and 24706(c) of this title" for "section 11347 of this title and section 405(b) of the Rail Passenger Service Act (45 U.S.C. 565(b))".

1984—Subsec. (b)(2). Pub. L. 98–216 substituted "section 405(b) of the Rail Passenger Service Act (45 U.S.C. 565(b))" for "section 565(b) of title 45".

1980—Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 96–448, §402(a)(1), struck out provision directing that a proceeding to grant authority under subsec. (a) of this section begins on application filed with the Commission.

Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 96–448, §402(a)(2), struck out subsec. (c) which provided that, except as provided in sections 10905 and 10906 of this title, if a certificate was issued without an investigation under section 10904(c) of this title, the abandonment or discontinuance take effect under the certificate on the 30th day after the issuance of the certificate or if a certificate was issued after an investigation under section 10904(c) of this title, the abandonment or discontinuance take effect under the certificate on the 120th day after the issuance of the certificate.

Effective Date of 1980 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 96–448 effective Oct. 1, 1980, see section 710(a) of Pub. L. 96–448, set out as a note under section 10101 of this title.

Railroad Branchline Abandonments by Burlington Northern Railroad in North Dakota

Pub. L. 97–102, title IV, §402, Dec. 23, 1981, 95 Stat. 1465, as amended by Pub. L. 102–143, title III, §343, Oct. 28, 1991, 105 Stat. 948, provided that: "Notwithstanding any other provision of law or of this Act, none of the funds provided in this or any other Act shall hereafter be used by the Interstate Commerce Commission to approve railroad branchline abandonments in the State of North Dakota by the entity generally known as the Burlington Northern Railroad, or its agents or assignees, in excess of a total of 350 miles, except that exempt abandonments and discontinuances that are effectuated pursuant to section 1152.50 of title 49 of the Code of Federal Regulations after the date of enactment of the Department of Transportation and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 1992 [Oct. 28, 1991], shall not apply toward such 350-mile limit: Provided, That this section shall be in lieu of section 311 (amendment numbered 93) as set forth in the conference report and the joint explanatory statement of the committee of conference on the Department of Transportation and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 1982 (H.R. 4209), filed in the House of Representatives on November 13, 1981 (H. Rept. No. 97–331)." [Section 311 of H.R. 4209 is section 311 of Pub. L. 97–102, title III, Dec. 23, 1981, 95 Stat. 1460, which is not classified to the Code.] Similar provisions were contained in Pub. L. 97–92, title IV, §115, Dec. 15, 1981, 95 Stat. 1196.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in sections 10904, 10905, 10906, 10907, 10910, 11125, 11505, 11702, 11901 of this title; title 45 section 748.

§10904. Filing and procedure for applications to abandon or discontinue

(a)(1) An application for a certificate of abandonment or discontinuance under section 10903 of this title, and a notice of intent to abandon or discontinue, must be filed with the Interstate Commerce Commission.

(2) When a rail carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter I of chapter 105 of this title files an application and notice of intent, the notice shall include—

(A) an accurate and understandable summary of the rail carrier's application and the reasons for the proposed abandonment or discontinuance;

(B) a statement indicating that each interested person is entitled to recommend to the Commission that it approve, deny, or take other action concerning the application; and

(C)(i) a statement that the line is available for subsidy or sale in accordance with section 10905 of this title, (ii) a statement that the carrier will promptly provide to each interested party an estimate of the subsidy and minimum purchase price required to keep the line in operation, calculated in accordance with section 10905 of this title, and (iii) the name and business address of the person who is authorized to discuss sale or subsidy terms for the carrier.


(3) The rail carrier shall—

(A) send by certified mail a copy of the notice of intent to the chief executive officer of each State that would be directly affected by the proposed abandonment or discontinuance;

(B) post a copy of the notice in each terminal and station on each portion of a railroad line proposed to be abandoned or over which all transportation is to be discontinued;

(C) publish a copy of the notice for 3 consecutive weeks in a newspaper of general circulation in each county in which each such portion is located;

(D) mail a copy of the notice, to the extent practicable, to all shippers that have made significant use (as designated by the Commission) of the railroad line during the 12 months preceding the filing of the application; and

(E) attach to the notice filed with the Commission an affidavit certifying the manner in which clauses (A)–(D) of this paragraph have been satisfied, and certifying that clauses (A)–(D) have been satisfied within the most recent 30 days prior to the date the application is filed.


(b) If no protest is received within 30 days after the application is filed, the Commission shall find that the public convenience and necessity require or permit the abandonment or discontinuance. In such a case, the Commission shall, within 45 days after the application is filed, issue a certificate which permits the abandonment or discontinuance to occur within 75 days after the application is filed.

(c)(1) If a protest is received within 30 days after the application is filed, the Commission shall, within 45 days after the application is filed, determine whether an investigation is needed to assist in determining what disposition to make of the application.

(2) If the Commission decides that no investigation is to be undertaken, the Commission shall, within 75 days after the application is filed, decide whether the present or future public convenience and necessity require or permit the abandonment or discontinuance, taking into consideration the application of the rail carrier and any materials submitted by protestants. If the Commission finds that the present or future public convenience and necessity require or permit the abandonment, it shall, within 90 days after the date of application, issue a certificate which permits the abandonment or discontinuance to occur within 120 days after the application is filed.

(3) If the Commission decides that an investigation should be undertaken under this section, the investigation must be completed within 135 days, and an initial decision must be rendered within 165 days, after the date the application is filed. Thirty days after such decision, the initial decision shall become the final decision of the Commission unless, during the interim, the Commission decides to hear appeals. If an initial decision is appealed and considered by the Commission, the Commission shall issue a final decision within 255 days after the date of application. Whenever the Commission decides upon investigation that the present or future public convenience and necessity require or permit the abandonment or discontinuance of rail service, it shall, within 15 days of the final decision, issue a certificate which permits the abandonment or discontinuance to occur within 75 days of the date of the final decision.

(4) The effective date of any certificate which permits abandonment or discontinuance may be stayed by the Commission pursuant to the provisions of section 10905 of this title.

(d)(1) The burden is on the person applying for the certificate to prove that the present or future public convenience and necessity require or permit the abandonment or discontinuance.

(2) For applications approved by the Secretary of Transportation as part of a plan or proposal under section 333(a)–(d) of this title, the Commission shall consider whether any detriment from the abandonment or discontinuance exceeds the transportation benefit from the plan or proposal as a whole.

(e)(1) In this subsection, "potentially subject to abandonment" has the meaning given the term in regulations of the Commission. The regulations may include standards that vary by region of the United States and by railroad or group of railroads.

(2) Each rail carrier shall maintain a complete diagram of the transportation system operated, directly or indirectly, by the carrier. The carrier shall submit to the Commission and publish amendments to its diagram that are necessary to maintain the accuracy of the diagram. The diagram shall—

(A) include a detailed description of each of its railroad lines potentially subject to abandonment; and

(B) identify each railroad line for which the carrier plans to file an application for a certificate under subsection (a) of this section.


(3) If an application for a certificate is opposed by—

(A) a shipper or other person that has made significant use (as determined by the Commission) of the railroad line involved in the proposed abandonment or discontinuance during the 12-month period before the filing of the application for a certificate; or

(B) a State or political subdivision of a State in which any part of the railroad line is located;


the Commission may issue a certificate under section 10903 of this title only if the railroad line has been described and identified in the diagram or amendment to the diagram of the rail carrier that was submitted to the Commission at least 4 months before the date on which the application was filed, except that the requirement of such description or identification in such diagram may be waived by the Commission if the application was approved by the Secretary of Transportation as part of a plan or proposal under section 333(a)–(d) of this title, or the application is filed by a railroad in bankruptcy.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1404; Pub. L. 96–448, title IV, §402(b), Oct. 14, 1980, 94 Stat. 1941; Pub. L. 98–216, §2(4), Feb. 14, 1984, 98 Stat. 5.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Pub. L. 95–473
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10904(a)(1) 49:1a(1) (less 1st and last sentences). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §1a(1) (less 1st and last sentences), (2), (3), (5); added Feb. 5, 1976, Pub. L. 94–210, §802, 90 Stat. 127, 128.
10904(a)(2) 49:1a(2)(b).
10904(a)(3) 49:1a(2)(a).
10904(b) 49:1a(3) (last sentence).
10904(c) 49:1a(3) (less last sentence).
10904(d) 49:1a(5).

In subsection (a)(1), the words in the second sentence of 49:1a(1) following "such abandonment or discontinuance" are omitted as unnecessary in view of section 10321(a) of the revised title giving the Commission general authority to carry out the subtitle and prescribe regulations.

In subsection (a)(2)(B), the word "deny" is substituted for "disapprove" for consistency.

In subsection (a)(3)(D), the words "in its discretion" are omitted as surplus.

In subsection (c)(1), the words before the first comma are substituted for "60-day period" for clarity and consistency with subsection (a)(1). The words "begin an investigation" are substituted for "cause an investigation to be conducted" in view of the authority of the Commission under section 10305 of the revised title to delegate authority to conduct proceedings. The words "be issued and" are omitted as unnecessary.

In subsection (c)(2), the words "shall act under section 10903(b) of this title" are substituted for "shall issue such a certificate, in accordance with this section" as being more precise.

In subsection (d)(2), the words "shall maintain a complete diagram" are substituted for "shall, within 180 days after the date of promulgation of regulations by the Commission pursuant to this section, prepare, submit to the Commission, and publish" since the deleted words are executed. The words "full and" are omitted as surplus. The words "in accordance with regulations of the Commission" are omitted as unnecessary in view of section 10321(a) of the revised title giving the Commission general authority to carry out the subtitle and prescribe regulations.

In subsection (d)(3), the words "application for a certificate is opposed" are substituted for "abandonment or discontinuance is opposed" for clarity and consistency. The words "in its discretion" are omitted as surplus.

Pub. L. 98–216

This amends cross-references in sections 10904(d)(2) and (e)(3) and 11344(d) of title 49 affected by the codification of subtitle I of title 49 by section 1 of the Act of January 12, 1983 (Pub. L. 97–449, 96 Stat. 2413).

Amendments

1984—Subsecs. (d)(2), (e)(3). Pub. L. 98–216 substituted "section 333(a)–(d) of this title" for "section 5(a)–(d) of the Department of Transportation Act (49 U.S.C. 1654(a)–(d))".

1980—Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 96–448, §402(b)(1)(A), struck out "at least 60 days before the day on which the abandonment or discontinuance is to become effective" after "Commission".

Subsec. (a)(2)(C). Pub. L. 96–448, §402(b)(1)(B)–(D), added subpar. (C).

Subsec. (a)(3)(E). Pub. L. 96–448, §402(b)(1)(E), inserted ", and certifying that clauses (A)–(D) have been satisfied within the most recent 30 days prior to the date the application is filed" after "have been satisfied".

Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 96–448, §402(b)(2), substituted provision authorizing the Commission, if no protest is received within 30 days after the application is filed, to find that the public convenience and necessity require or permit abandonment or discontinuance and within 45 days after the application is filed, issue a certificate which permits abandonment or discontinuance to occur within 75 days after the application is filed for provision placing the burden on the person applying for the certificate to prove that the present or future public convenience and necessity require or permit the abandonment or discontinuance. See subsec. (d)(1) of this section.

Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 96–448, §402(b)(3), substituted provision authorizing the Commission, if a protest is received within 30 days after the application is filed, to determine, within 45 days after the application is filed, whether an investigation is needed to assist in determining the disposition of the application, specifying time limitations and procedures to be followed by the Commission if the Commission determines that no investigation is to be undertaken or that an investigation should be undertaken, and providing that the effective date of any certificate which permits abandonment or discontinuance may be stayed by the Commission pursuant to section 10905 of this title for provision authorizing the Commission, during the period between the date the application is filed through the day immediately before the proposed date the abandonment or discontinuance becomes effective, to begin, on petition or on its own initiative, an investigation, including public hearings, with the order to conduct the investigation served on the affected rail carrier not later than the 5th day before the proposed effective date of the abandonment or discontinuance and providing that if an investigation is not conducted, the Commission act under section 10903(b) of this title by the day immediately before the proposed effective date of the abandonment or discontinuance or if an investigation is conducted, the Commission postpone, for a reasonable period of time necessary to complete the investigation, the proposed effective date of any part of the abandonment or discontinuance.

Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 96–448, §402(b)(4), added subsec. (d). Former subsec. (d) redesignated (e).

Subsecs. (d), (e). Pub. L. 96–448, §402(b)(4), (5), added subsec. (d), redesignated former subsec. (d) as (e), and in subsec. (e) inserted ", except that the requirement of such description or identification in such diagram may be waived by the Commission if the application was approved by the Secretary of Transportation as part of a plan or proposal under section 5(a)–(d) of the Department of Transportation Act (49 U.S.C. 1654(a)–(d)), or the application is filed by a railroad in bankruptcy" after "application was filed".

Effective Date of 1980 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 96–448 effective Oct. 1, 1980, see section 710(a) of Pub. L. 96–448, set out as a note under section 10101 of this title.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in sections 10903, 10907, 10910, 11505, 11702, 11901 of this title.

§10905. Offers of financial assistance to avoid abandonment and discontinuance

(a) In this section—

(1) "avoidable cost" means all expenses that would be incurred by a rail carrier in providing transportation that would not be incurred if the railroad line over which the transportation was provided were abandoned or if the transportation were discontinued. Expenses include cash inflows foregone and cash outflows incurred by the rail carrier as a result of not abandoning or discontinuing the transportation. Cash inflows foregone and cash outflows incurred include—

(A) working capital and required capital expenditure;

(B) expenditures to eliminate deferred maintenance;

(C) the current cost of freight cars, locomotives, and other equipment; and

(D) the foregone tax benefits from not retiring properties from rail service and other effects of applicable Federal and State income taxes.


(2) "reasonable return" means—

(A) if a rail carrier is not in reorganization, the cost of capital to the rail carrier, as determined by the Interstate Commerce Commission; and

(B) if a rail carrier is in reorganization, the mean cost of capital of rail carriers not in reorganization, as determined by the Commission.


(b) Any rail carrier which has filed an application for a certificate of abandonment or discontinuance shall provide promptly to a party considering an offer of financial assistance and shall provide concurrently to the Commission—

(1) an estimate of the annual subsidy and minimum purchase price required to keep the line or a portion of the line in operation;

(2) its most recent reports on the physical condition of that part of the railroad line involved in the proposed abandonment or discontinuance;

(3) traffic, revenue, and other data necessary to determine the amount of annual financial assistance which would be required to continue rail transportation over that part of the railroad line; and

(4) any other information that the Commission may deem necessary to allow a potential offeror to calculate an adequate subsidy or purchase offer.


(c) When the Commission finds under section 10903 of this title that the public convenience and necessity require or permit abandonment or discontinuance of a particular railroad line, it shall, concurrently with service of the decision upon the parties, publish the finding in the Federal Register. Within 10 days following the publication, any person may offer to pay the carrier a subsidy or offer to purchase the line. Such offer shall be filed concurrently with the Commission. If the offer to subsidize or purchase the line is less than the carrier's estimate provided under subsection (b)(1) of this section, the offer shall explain the basis of the disparity, and the manner in which the offer of subsidy or purchase is calculated.

(d) If, within 15 days after the publication required in subsection (c) of this section, the Commission finds that—

(1) a financially responsible person (including a governmental authority) has offered financial assistance to enable the rail transportation to be continued over that part of the railroad line to be abandoned or over which all rail transportation is to be discontinued; and

(2) it is likely that the assistance would be equal to—

(A) the difference between the revenues attributable to that part of the railroad line and the avoidable cost of providing rail freight transportation on the line, plus a reasonable return on the value of the line; or

(B) the acquisition cost of that part of the railroad line;


the Commission shall postpone the issuance of a certificate authorizing abandonment or discontinuance in accordance with subsections (e) and (f) of this section.

(e) If the carrier and a person offering financial assistance enter into an agreement which will provide continued rail service, the Commission shall postpone the issuance of the certificate for so long as the agreement, or an extension or modification of the agreement, is in effect. If the carrier and a person offering to purchase a line enter into an agreement which will provide continued rail service, the Commission shall approve the transaction and dismiss the application for abandonment or discontinuance. If the carrier and a financially responsible person (including a governmental authority) fail to agree on the amount or terms of the subsidy or purchase, either party may, within 30 days after the offer is made, request that the Commission establish the conditions and amount of compensation. If no agreement is reached within 30 days after the offer is made and neither party requests that the Commission establish the conditions and amount of compensation during that same period, the Commission shall immediately issue a certificate authorizing the abandonment or discontinuance.

(f)(1) Whenever the Commission is requested to establish the conditions and amount of compensation under this section—

(A) the Commission shall render its decision within 60 days;

(B) where subsidy has been offered, the Commission shall determine the amount and terms of subsidy based on the avoidable cost of providing continued rail transportation, plus a reasonable return on the value of the line; and

(C) where an offer of purchase has been made in order to continue rail service on the line, the Commission shall determine the price and other terms of sale. In no case shall the Commission set a price which is below the fair market value of the line (including, unless otherwise mutually agreed, all facilities on the line or portion necessary to provide effective transportation services).


(2) The decision of the Commission shall be binding on both parties, except that the person who has offered to subsidize or purchase the line may withdraw his offer within 10 days of the Commission's decision. In such a case, the Commission shall immediately issue a certificate authorizing the abandonment or discontinuance, unless other offers are being considered pursuant to paragraph (3) of this subsection.

(3) If a carrier receives more than one offer to purchase or subsidize, it shall select the offeror with whom it wishes to transact business, and complete the sale or subsidy agreement, or request that the Commission establish the conditions and amount of compensation prior to the 40th day after the date on which notice was published under subsection (c) of this section. If no agreement on subsidy or sale is reached within the 40-day period and the Commission has not been requested to establish the conditions and amount of compensation, any other offeror may request that the Commission establish the conditions and amount of compensation. If the Commission has established the conditions and amount of compensation and the original offer has been withdrawn, any other offeror may accept the Commission's decision within 20 days of such decision, and the Commission shall require the carrier to enter into a sale or subsidy agreement with such offeror, if such sale or agreement incorporates the Commission's decision.

(4) No purchaser of a line or portion of line sold under this section may transfer or discontinue service on such line prior to the end of the second year after consummation of the sale, nor may such purchaser transfer such line, except to the carrier from whom it was purchased, prior to the end of the fifth year after consummation of the sale.

(5) Any subsidy provided under this section may be discontinued on notice of 60 days. Unless, within such 60-day period, another financially responsible party enters into a subsidy agreement at least as beneficial to the carrier as that which was or was to be discontinued, the Commission shall, at the carrier's request, immediately issue a certificate authorizing the abandonment or discontinuance of service on the line.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1405; Pub. L. 96–448, title IV, §402(c), Oct. 14, 1980, 94 Stat. 1942; Pub. L. 103–272, §4(j)(26), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1369.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Pub. L. 95–473
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10905(a) 49:1a(11). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §1a(6), (7), (11); added Feb. 5, 1976, Pub. L. 94–210, §§802, 809(c), 90 Stat. 129, 130, 146.
10905(b) 49:1a(6)(a), (7).
10905(c) 49:1a(6)(b).

In the section, the word "transportation" is substituted in each place for "service" for consistency and as being more precise because the jurisdictional grant to the Interstate Commerce Commission under subchapter I of chapter 105 of the revised title is over transportation.

In subsection (a)(1), the words "in the case of discontinuance" and "in the case of abandonment" are omitted as unnecessary.

In subsection (a)(2), the words "rail carrier" are substituted for "railroad" as being more appropriate and for consistency.

In subsections (b) and (c), the phrase "part of the railroad line" is used as being more precise.

In the introductory matter of subsection (b), before clause (1), the words "present or future public convenience and necessity require or permit" are substituted for "public convenience and necessity permit" for consistency with section 10903(a) of the revised title.

In subsection (b)(1), the phrase "(in the form of a rail service continuation payment)" is omitted as unnecessary.

In subsection (b)(2), the words "be equal to" are substituted for "cover" for clarity. The word "freight" is omitted for consistency with sections 10903 and 10904 and the remainder of section 10905 of the revised title.

In subsection (b), after clause (2), the words "binding" and "an assistance or acquisition and operating" are omitted as unnecessary. The words "governmental authority" is substituted for "governmental entity" for consistency.

Pub. L. 103–272

Section 4(j)(26) and (27)(A) amends 49:10905(d)(1) and (e) and 10910(a)(1) by substituting "governmental authority" for "government authority" for consistency in the revised title.

Amendments

1994—Subsecs. (d)(1), (e). Pub. L. 103–272 substituted "governmental authority" for "government authority".

1980—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 96–448 reenacted subsec. (a) without change.

Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 96–448 substituted provision directing any rail carrier which has filed an application for a certificate of abandonment or discontinuance to provide a party considering an offer of financial assistance and the Commission with specific items of information necessary to allow the potential offeror to calculate an adequate subsidy and purchase offer for provision directing the Commission, when it finds under section 10903 of this title that the present or future public convenience and necessity require or permit abandonment or discontinuance, to publish the finding in the Federal Register and if, within 30 days after the publication, the Commission finds that a financially responsible person, including a governmental authority, has offered financial assistance and it is likely that the assistance would be equal to the difference between the revenues attributable to that part of the railroad line and the avoidable cost of providing rail freight transportation on the line, plus a reasonable return on the value of the line, or the acquisition cost of that part of the line, the Commission postpone the issuance of the certificate authorizing abandonment or discontinuance for a reasonable time, not to exceed 6 months, to enable the person or governmental authority to enter into an agreement with the rail carrier to provide assistance or to buy that part of the railroad line and to continue to provide rail transportation over the line, and upon notice that such an agreement has been entered, to postpone issuance of the certificate as long as the agreement, or an extension or modification of the agreement, is in effect. See subsecs. (c) to (e) of this section.

Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 96–448 substituted provision directing the Commission, when it finds under section 10903 of this title that the public convenience and necessity require or permit abandonment or discontinuance of a rail line, to, concurrently with service of the decision on the parties, publish the finding in the Federal Register and permitting any person, within 10 days following publication, to offer to pay the carrier a subsidy or offer to buy the line, which offer is to be filed concurrently with the Commission and is to explain, if it is less than the carrier's estimate provided under subsec. (b) of this section, the basis of the disparity and the manner in which the subsidy or purchase is calculated for provision directing a rail carrier to provide a party considering offering financial assistance its most recent reports on the physical condition of that part of the rail line involved in the proposed abandonment or discontinuance and traffic, revenue, and other data necessary to determine the amount of financial assistance required to continue rail transportation over that part of the railroad line. See subsec. (b) of this section.

Subsecs. (d) to (f). Pub. L. 96–448 added subsecs. (d) to (f).

Effective Date of 1980 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 96–448 effective Oct. 1, 1980, see section 710(a) of Pub. L. 96–448, set out as a note under section 10101 of this title.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in sections 10362, 10903, 10904, 10907, 11505, 11702, 11901 of this title; title 45 section 748.

§10906. Offering abandoned rail properties for sale for public purposes

When the Interstate Commerce Commission finds under section 10903 of this title that the present or future public convenience and necessity require or permit abandonment or discontinuance, the Commission shall find further whether the rail properties that are involved in the proposed abandonment or discontinuance are suitable for use for public purposes, including highways, other forms of mass transportation, conservation, energy production or transmission, or recreation. If the Commission finds that the rail properties proposed to be abandoned are suitable for public purposes, the properties may be sold, leased, exchanged, or otherwise disposed of only under conditions provided in the order of the Commission. The conditions may include a prohibition on any such disposal for a period of not more than 180 days after the effective date of the order, unless the properties have first been offered, on reasonable terms, for sale for public purposes.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1406.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10906 49:1a(10). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §1a(10); added Feb. 5, 1976, Pub. L. 94–210, §809(c), 90 Stat. 146.

The words "require or" are inserted for consistency with section 10903(a) of the revised title. The words "the rail properties that are involved in the proposed abandonment or discontinuance" are substituted for "such properties" for clarity. The words "roads or" are omitted as unnecessary because roads are included in the subtitle definition of "highways". The word "other" before "public purposes" is omitted as unnecessary. The words "terms and" are omitted as unnecessary.

Conversion of Abandoned Railroad Rights-of-Way

Pub. L. 94–210, title VIII, §809(a), (b), (d), Feb. 5, 1976, 90 Stat. 144, 146, as amended Pub. L. 94–555, title II, §220(g), Oct. 19, 1976, 90 Stat. 2630; Pub. L. 96–448, title IV, §403, Oct. 14, 1980, 94 Stat. 1945, directed Secretary of Transportation to prepare and submit a report on conversion of railroad rights-of-way within 360 days after Feb. 5, 1976, directed Secretary to provide financial, educational, and technical assistance to local, State, and Federal governmental entities for programs involving conversion of abandoned railroad rights-of-way to recreational and conservational uses, and authorized appropriations for such purposes.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in sections 10903, 10907, 11505, 11702, 11901 of this title.

§10907. Exceptions

(a) Notwithstanding sections 10901 and 10902 and subchapter III of chapter 113 of this title, and without the approval of the Interstate Commerce Commission, a rail carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter I of chapter 105 of this title may enter into arrangements for the joint ownership or joint use of spur, industrial, team, switching, or side tracks.

(b) The Commission does not have authority under sections 10901–10906 of this title over—

(1) the construction, acquisition, operation, abandonment, or discontinuance of spur, industrial, team, switching, or side tracks if the tracks are located, or intended to be located, entirely in one State; or

(2) a street, suburban, or interurban electric railway that is not operated as part of a general system of rail transportation.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1407.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10907(a) 49:1(18)(d) (1st sentence). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §1(18)(d); added Feb. 5, 1976, Pub. L. 94–210, §801(a), 90 Stat. 126.
10907(b) 49:1(18)(d) (less 1st sentence).
  49:1a(1) (last sentence). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §1a(1) (last sentence); added Feb. 5, 1976, Pub. L. 94–210, §802, 90 Stat. 127; Oct. 19, 1976, Pub. L. 94–555, §218(a), 90 Stat. 2628.

In subsection (a), the words "contracts, agreements, or other" are omitted as surplus. The last sentence of 49:1a(1) is omitted because of article VI of the Constitution.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in sections 10503, 11126, 11505, 11702, 11901 of this title.

§10908. Discontinuing or changing interstate train or ferry transportation subject to State law

(a) When a discontinuance or change in any part of the transportation of a train or ferry operating between a place in a State and a place in another State—

(1) is proposed by a carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under subchapter I of chapter 105 of this title; and

(2) is subject to the law of a State, or to a regulation or order of, or proceeding pending before, a court or other authority of a State;


the carrier, notwithstanding that law, regulation, order, or proceeding, may discontinue or change the transportation—

(A) if it files a notice of the proposed discontinuance or change with the Commission at least 30 days before the discontinuance or change is intended to be effective and carries out the discontinuance or change under that notice;

(B) if it mails a copy of the notice to the chief executive officer of each State in which the train or ferry is operated and posts a copy of the notice at each station, depot, or other facility served by the train or ferry; and

(C) except as otherwise provided by the Commission under this section.


(b) On petition or on its own initiative, the Commission may conduct a proceeding on the proposed discontinuance or change if it begins the proceeding between the date the carrier files the notice under subsection (a) of this section and the date on which the discontinuance or change is intended to be effective. After the proceeding begins, the Commission may order the carrier proposing the discontinuance or change to continue any part of the transportation pending completion of the proceeding and the decision of the Commission if the Commission serves a copy of its order on the carrier at least 10 days before the date on which the carrier intended the discontinuance or change to be effective. However, the Commission may not order the transportation continued for more than 4 months after the date on which the carrier intended the discontinuance or change to be effective.

(c) If, after a proceeding completed either before or after the proposed discontinuance or change has become effective, the Commission finds that any part of the transportation is required or permitted by present or future public convenience and necessity and will not unreasonably burden interstate or foreign commerce, the Commission may order the carrier to continue or restore that transportation for not to exceed one year from the date of the Commission order. On expiration of the Commission order, the jurisdiction of each State involved in the discontinuance or change is no longer superseded except to the extent this section is again invoked.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1407.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10908(a) 49:13a(1) (1st and 2d sentences). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §13a(1); added Aug. 12, 1958, Pub. L. 85–625, §5, 72 Stat. 571.
10908(b) 49:13a(1) (3d and 4th sentences).
10908(c) 49:13a(1) (less sentences 1–4).

In the section, the word "transportation" is substituted in each place for "operation or service" for consistency and as being more precise because the jurisdictional grant to the Interstate Commerce Commission under subchapter I of chapter 105 of the revised title is over transportation.

In subsection (a), the word "place" is substituted for "point" each time for consistency with other provisions of the subtitle. The words "or in the District of Columbia, or from a point in the District of Columbia to a point in any State" are omitted in view of the definition of "State" in section 10102 of the revised title. The words "but shall not be required to" are omitted as surplus. The word "law" is substituted for "any provision of the constitution or statutes" to eliminate redundancy. The words "or other authority" are substituted for "administrative or regulatory agency" for consistency and to eliminate redundancy. The words "chief executive officer" are substituted for "Governor" as more appropriate in view of the definition of "State" that includes the District of Columbia.

In subsection (b), the words "between the date the carrier files the notice under subsection (a) of this section and the date on which the discontinuance or change is intended to be effective" are inserted for clarity and for consistency with subsection (a)(A) of this section. The word "petition" is substituted for "complaint" as being more appropriate. The words "without complaint" are omitted as surplus.

In subsection (c), the words "any part of the" are inserted before "transportation is required", and the words "in whole or in part" are omitted later in the sentence, for clarity. The words "or permitted" and "present or future" are inserted for consistency with other provisions of subchapter I of chapter 109 of the revised title. The word "unreasonably" is substituted for "unduly" for consistency. See the revision note to section 10101 of the revised title. The words "the carrier to continue or restore" are substituted for "the continuance or restoration" to clarify who has the obligation to continue or restore is placed. The next-to-last sentence, related to the continued effectiveness of State action if notice is not filed, is omitted as surplus in view of subsection (a)(A) of this section. In the last sentence of the revised subsection, the words "except to the extent this section is again invoked" are substituted for "unless the procedure provided by this paragraph shall again be invoked by the carrier or carriers" as being more precise.

§10909. Discontinuing or changing train or ferry transportation in one State

(a) When a carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under subchapter I of chapter 105 of this title has proposed a discontinuance or change of any part of the transportation of a train or ferry operated by it entirely in one State and—

(1) the law of the State prohibits the discontinuance or change;

(2) the carrier has requested the State authority having jurisdiction over the discontinuance or change for permission to discontinue or change the transportation and the request has been denied; or

(3) the State authority has not acted finally by the 120th day after the carrier made the request;


the carrier may petition the Commission for permission to discontinue or change the transportation.

(b) When a petition is filed under subsection (a) of this section, the Commission shall notify the chief executive officer of the State in which the train or ferry is operated concerning the petition. Before acting on the petition, the Commission shall give interested parties a full hearing. If such a hearing is requested, the Commission shall give all interested parties at least 30 days notice of the hearing and shall hold the hearing in the State in which the train or ferry is operated. The Commission may cooperate with, and use the services, records, and facilities of, the State in carrying out this section.

(c) The Commission may grant permission to the carrier to discontinue or change any part of the transportation if the Commission finds that—

(1) the present or future public convenience and necessity require or permit the discontinuance or change to be authorized by the Commission; and

(2) continuing the transportation, without the proposed discontinuance or change, will constitute an unreasonable burden on the interstate operations of the carrier or on interstate commerce.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1408.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10909(a) 49:13a(2) (1st sentence). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §13a(2); added Aug. 12, 1958, Pub. L. 85–625, §5, 72 Stat. 572.
10909(b), (c) 49:13a(2) (less 1st sentence).

In the section, the word "transportation" is substituted each place for "operation or service" for consistency and as being more precise because the jurisdictional grant to the Interstate Commerce Commission under subchapter I of chapter 105 of the revised title is over transportation.

In subsection (a), the words "within the boundaries of a" and "duly" are omitted as surplus. The word "law" is substituted for "constitution or statutes" to eliminate redundancy. The words "requested" and "request" are substituted for "application or petition . . . filed" and "such an application or petition", respectively, to provide one word to cover all kinds of forms that may be filed with a governmental authority and to avoid using the word "petition" in 2 different ways in the subsection. The word "permission" is substituted for "authority" to avoid confusion with the term "State authority".

In subsection (b), the 2d sentence is restated for clarity to require the Commission to provide 2 different notices and for precision to cover the situation in which no hearing is requested. The words "chief executive officer" are substituted for "Governor" for consistency with other provisions of the subtitle.

In subsection (c), the word "permission" is substituted for "authority" to avoid confusion with the term "State authority". The words "require or" are inserted for consistency with other provisions of subchapter I of chapter 109 of the revised title. The word "unreasonable" is substituted for "unjust and undue" for consistency and to eliminate redundancy. See the revision note to section 10101 of the revised title.

§10910. Railroad development

(a) In this section—

(1) "financially responsible person" means a person who (A) is capable of paying the constitutional minimum value of the railroad line proposed to be acquired, and (B) is able to assure that adequate transportation will be provided over such line for a period of not less than 3 years. Such term includes a governmental authority but does not include a class I or a class II rail carrier.

(2) "railroad line" means (A) during the 3-year period beginning on the effective date of the Staggers Rail Act of 1980, a line of railroad which carried less than 3,000,000 gross ton miles of traffic per mile in the preceding calendar year, and (B) after the end of such 3-year period, any line of railroad.


(b)(1) When the Interstate Commerce Commission finds that—

(A)(i) the public convenience and necessity require or permit the sale of a particular railroad line under this section; or

(ii) a railroad line is on a system diagram map as required under section 10904 of this title, but the rail carrier owning such line has not filed an application to abandon such line under sections 10903 and 10904 of this title before an application to purchase such line, or any required preliminary filing with respect to such application, is filed under this section; and

(B) an application to purchase such line has been filed, in accordance with regulations required under subsection (k) of this section, by a financially responsible person,


the Commission shall require the rail carrier owning the railroad line to sell such line to such financially responsible person at a price not less than the constitutional minimum value.

(2) For purposes of this subsection, the constitutional minimum value of a particular railroad line shall be presumed to be not less than the net liquidation value of such line or the going concern value of such line, whichever is greater, but shall not include the cost of providing a protective arrangement under subsection (j) of this section.

(c)(1) For purposes of this section, the Commission may determine that the public convenience and necessity require or permit the sale of a railroad line if the Commission determines, after a hearing on the record, that—

(A) the rail carrier operating such line refuses within a reasonable time to make the necessary efforts to provide adequate service to shippers who transport traffic over such line;

(B) the transportation over such line is inadequate for the majority of shippers who transport traffic over such line;

(C) the sale of such line will not have a significantly adverse financial effect on the rail carrier operating such line;

(D) the sale of such line will not have an adverse effect on the overall operational performance of the rail carrier operating such line; and

(E) the sale of such line will be likely to result in improved railroad transportation for shippers that transport traffic over such line.


(2) In a proceeding under this subsection, the burden of proving that the public convenience and necessity require or permit the sale of a particular railroad line is on the person filing the application to acquire such line. If the Commission finds under this subsection that the public convenience and necessity require or permit the sale of a particular railroad line, the Commission shall concurrently notify the parties of such finding and publish such finding in the Federal Register.

(d) In the case of any railroad line subject to sale under subsection (a) of this section, the Commission shall, upon the request of the acquiring carrier, require the selling carrier to provide to the acquiring carrier trackage rights to allow a reasonable interchange with the selling carrier or to move power equipment or empty rolling stock between noncontiguous feeder lines operated by the acquiring carrier. The Commission shall require the acquiring carrier to provide the selling carrier reasonable compensation for any such trackage rights.

(e) The Commission shall require, to the maximum extent practicable, the use of the employees who would normally have performed work in connection with a railroad line subject to a sale under this section.

(f) In the case of a railroad line which carried less than 3,000,000 gross ton miles of traffic per mile in the preceding calendar year, whenever a purchasing carrier under this section petitions the Commission for joint rates applicable to traffic moving over through routes in which the purchasing carrier may practicably participate, the Commission shall, within 30 days after the date such petition is filed and pursuant to section 10705(a) of this title, require the establishment of reasonable joint rates and divisions over such route.

(g)(1) Any person operating a railroad line acquired under this section may elect to be exempt from any of the provisions of this subtitle, except that such a person may not be exempt from the provisions of chapter 107 of this title with respect to transportation under a joint rate.

(2) The provisions of paragraph (1) of this subsection shall apply to any line of railroad which was abandoned during the 18-month period immediately prior to the effective date of the Staggers Rail Act of 1980 and was subsequently purchased by a financially responsible person.

(h) If a purchasing carrier under this section proposes to sell or abandon all or any portion of a purchased railroad line, such purchasing carrier shall offer the right of first refusal with respect to such line or portion thereof to the carrier which sold such line under this section. Such offer shall be made at a price equal to the sum of the price paid by such purchasing carrier to such selling carrier for such line or portion thereof and the fair market value (less deterioration) of any improvements made, as adjusted to reflect inflation.

(i) Any person operating a railroad line acquired under this section may determine preconditions, such as payment of a subsidy, which must be met by shippers in order to obtain service over such lines, but such operator must notify the shippers on the line of its intention to impose such preconditions.

(j) In the case of any railroad line sold pursuant to this section, the Commission shall require the selling carrier to provide a fair arrangement at least as protective of the interests of employees as that established under section 11347 of this title.

(k) The Commission shall, within 60 days after the effective date of the Staggers Rail Act of 1980, prescribe such regulations and procedures as may be necessary to carry out the provisions of this section.

(Added Pub. L. 96–448, title IV, §401(a), Oct. 14, 1980, 94 Stat. 1939; amended Pub. L. 97–468, title V, §506(a), Jan. 14, 1983, 96 Stat. 2553; Pub. L. 103–272, §4(j)(27), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1369.)

Historical and Revision Notes

Pub. L. 103–272

Section 4(j)(26) and (27)(A) amends 49:10905(d)(1) and (e) and 10910(a)(1) by substituting "governmental authority" for "government authority" for consistency in the revised title.

References in Text

The effective date of the Staggers Rail Act of 1980, referred to in subsecs. (a)(2), (g)(2), and (k), probably means Oct. 1, 1980, the general effective date of Pub. L. 96–448. See section 710 of Pub. L. 96–448, set out as an Effective Date of 1980 Amendment note under section 10101 of this title.

Amendments

1994—Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 103–272, §4(j)(27)(A), substituted "governmental authority" for "government authority".

Subsec. (g)(1). Pub. L. 103–272, §4(j)(27)(B), substituted "provisions of this subtitle" for "provisions of this title".

1983—Subsec. (b)(1)(A)(ii). Pub. L. 97–468 substituted "is" for "has been placed" and inserted "before an application to purchase such line, or any required preliminary filing with respect to such application, is filed under this section".

Effective Date of 1983 Amendment

Section 506(b) of Pub. L. 97–468 provided that: "The amendment made by subsection (a) of this section [amending this section] shall be effective with respect to any application or preliminary filing with respect to which the Commission has made no final decision before May 1, 1982, except that such amendment shall not affect any line which has been removed from the carrier's system diagram map before the date of enactment of this Act [Jan. 14, 1983]."

Effective Date

Section effective Oct. 1, 1980, see section 710(a) of Pub. L. 96–448, set out as an Effective Date of 1980 Amendment note under section 10101 of this title.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in title 45 sections 825, 829.

SUBCHAPTER II—OTHER CARRIERS AND MOTOR CARRIER BROKERS

Subchapter Referred to in Other Sections

This subchapter is referred to in sections 10322, 10530 of this title.

§10921. Requirement for certificate, permit, or license

Except as provided in this subchapter or another law, a person may provide transportation or service subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under subchapter II, III, or IV of chapter 105 of this title or be a broker for transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II of that chapter, only if the person holds the appropriate certificate, permit, or license issued under this subchapter authorizing the transportation or service.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1409.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10921 49:303(c) (words before "nor", less words between 6th and 7th commas). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §203(c) (words before "nor", less words between 6th and 7th commas); added Aug. 22, 1957, Pub. L. 85–163, §1(2), 71 Stat. 411.
  49:306(a)(1) (words before proviso), 309(a)(1) (words before 1st proviso). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §§206(a)(1) (words before proviso), 209(a)(1) (words before 1st proviso); added Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 551, 552; June 29, 1938, ch. 811, §§8, 9, 52 Stat. 1238.
  49:311(a) (words before 1st proviso). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §211(a) (words before 1st proviso); added Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 554.
  49:909(a) (words before 1st proviso), 909(f) (words before 1st proviso). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §309(a) (words before 1st proviso), (f) (words before 1st proviso); added Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §201, 54 Stat. 941.
  49:1010(a)(1) (words before semicolon). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §410(a)(1) (words before semicolon); added May 16, 1942, ch. 318, §1, 56 Stat. 291; July 12, 1960, Pub. L. 86–615, §6, 74 Stat. 385.

The section consolidates and restates the source provisions for clarity. The words "may provide transportation or service subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under subchapter II, III, or IV of chapter 105 of this title" are substituted for "section 302(c) of this title, subsection (b) of this section, in the exception in subsection (a)(14) of this section" in 49:303(c), for "for-hire transportation business by motor vehicle, in interstate or foreign commerce" in 49:303(c), and for "transportation subject to this chapter" in 49:909(a), 909(f), and 1010(a)(1), for clarity and to conform to the style of the revised subtitle. In 49:303(c) and 306(a)(1), the words "on any public highway or within any reservation under the exclusive jurisdiction of the United States" are omitted because this requirement is included in section 10521 of the revised title. The words "for compensation sell or offer for sale transportation . . . or shall make any contract, agreement, or arrangement to provide, procure, furnish, or arrange for such transportation or shall hold himself or itself out by advertisement, solicitation, or otherwise as one who sells, provides, procures, contracts, or arranges" in 49:311(a) are omitted as surplus in view of the definition of "broker" in section 10102 of the revised title that includes the omitted words.

Job Referral List; Assistance by Secretary of Labor in Obtaining Employment

Pub. L. 96–296, §35, July 1, 1980, 94 Stat. 825, provided that: "The Secretary of Labor shall establish, maintain, and periodically publish a comprehensive list of jobs available with motor carriers of property holding certificates or permits issued by the Interstate Commerce Commission under subchapter II of chapter 109 of title 49, United States Code. Such list shall include that information and detail, such as job descriptions and required skills, as the Secretary deems relevant and necessary. In addition to publishing the list, the Secretary shall assist a person previously employed by any such carrier in finding other employment. In order to carry out this section, the Secretary may require regulated motor carriers of property to file reports, data, and other information."

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in sections 11708, 11901 of this title.

§10922. Certificates of motor and water common carriers

(a) Except as provided in this section and section 10930(a) of this title, the Interstate Commerce Commission shall issue a certificate to a person authorizing that person to provide transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter III of chapter 105 of this title as a water common carrier if the Commission finds that—

(1) the person is fit, willing, and able—

(A) to provide the transportation to be authorized by the certificate; and

(B) to comply with this subtitle and regulations of the Commission; and


(2) the transportation to be provided under the certificate is or will be required by the present or future public convenience and necessity.


(b)(1) Except as provided in this section, the Commission shall issue a certificate to a person authorizing that person to provide transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II of chapter 105 of this title as a motor common carrier of property if the Commission finds that the person is able to comply with—

(A) this subtitle, the regulations of the Commission, and any safety requirements imposed by the Commission,

(B) the safety fitness requirements established by the Secretary of Transportation in consultation with the Commission under section 31144 of this title, and

(C) the minimum financial responsibility requirements established by the Commission pursuant to section 10927 of this title.


(2) In making a finding under paragraph (1), the Commission shall consider and, to the extent applicable, make findings on, any evidence demonstrating that the applicant is unable to comply with the requirements of subparagraph (A), (B), or (C) of that paragraph.

(3) The Commission shall find any applicant for authority to operate as a motor carrier under this section to be unfit if the applicant does not meet the safety and safety fitness requirements under paragraph (1)(A) or (1)(B) of this subsection and shall deny the application.

(4) A person may protest an application under this subsection to provide transportation only on the ground that the applicant fails or will fail to comply with this subtitle, the regulations of the Commission, the safety requirements of the Commission, or the safety fitness or minimum financial responsibility requirements of paragraph (1) of this subsection.

(c)(1) Except as provided in this section, the Interstate Commerce Commission shall issue a certificate to a person authorizing that person to provide transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II of chapter 105 of this title as a motor common carrier of household goods if the Commission finds—

(A) that the person is fit, willing, and able to provide the transportation to be authorized by the certificate and to comply with this subtitle and regulations of the Commission; and

(B) on the basis of evidence presented by persons supporting the issuance of the certificate, that the service proposed will serve a useful public purpose, responsive to a public demand or need;


unless the Commission finds, on the basis of evidence presented by persons objecting to the issuance of a certificate, that the transportation to be authorized by the certificate is inconsistent with the public convenience and necessity.

(2) In making a finding under paragraph (1) of this subsection, the Commission shall consider and, to the extent applicable, make findings on at least the following:

(A) the transportation policy of section 10101(a) of this title; and

(B) the effect of issuance of the certificate on existing carriers, except that the Commission shall not find diversion of revenue or traffic from an existing carrier to be in and of itself inconsistent with the public convenience and necessity.


(3) The Commission may not make a finding relating to public convenience and necessity under paragraph (1) of this subsection which is based upon general findings developed in rulemaking proceedings.

(4) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, any motor carrier providing transportation of shipments weighing 100 pounds or less transported in a motor vehicle in which no one package exceeds 100 pounds operating one or more commercial motor vehicles with a gross vehicle weight rating of 10,000 pounds or more shall be subject to commercial motor vehicle safety regulations promulgated by the Secretary of Transportation pursuant to this title with respect to its entire operations, including the operations of commercial motor vehicles with gross vehicle weight ratings less than 10,000 pounds.

(5) No motor common carrier of household goods may protest an application to provide transportation filed under this subsection unless—

(A)(i) it possesses authority to handle, in whole or in part, the traffic for which authority is applied;

(ii) it is willing and able to provide service that meets the reasonable needs of the shippers involved; and

(iii) it has performed service within the scope of the application during the previous 12-month period or has, actively in good faith, solicited service within the scope of the application during such period;

(B) it has pending before the Commission an application filed prior in time to the application being considered for substantially the same traffic; or

(C) the Commission grants leave to intervene upon a showing of other interests that are not contrary to the transportation policy set forth in section 10101(a) of this title.


(6) No motor contract carrier of household goods may protest an application to provide transportation filed under this subsection.

(7) The provisions of paragraph (1) of this subsection (other than subparagraph (A)) shall not apply to applications under this subsection for authority to provide transportation for the United States Government of used household goods which transportation is incidental to a pack and crate service on behalf of the Department of Defense.

(d) Motor Common Carriers of Passengers.—

(1) Interstate transportation.—

(A) Regular-route transportation.—The Commission shall issue a certificate to a person (including any private recipient of governmental assistance) authorizing that person to provide regular-route transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II of chapter 105 of this title as a motor common carrier of passengers if the Commission finds that the person is fit, willing, and able to provide the transportation to be authorized by the certificate and to comply with this subtitle and regulations of the Commission, unless the Commission finds, on the basis of evidence presented by any person objecting to the issuance of the certificate, that the transportation to be authorized by the certificate is not consistent with the public interest.

(B) Special and charter transportation.—

(i) Private recipients of assistance.—The Commission shall issue a certificate to a private recipient of governmental assistance authorizing that recipient to provide special or charter transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II of chapter 105 of this title as a motor common carrier of passengers if the Commission finds that the recipient is fit, willing, and able to provide the transportation to be authorized by the certificate and to comply with this subtitle and regulations of the Commission, unless the Commission finds, on the basis of evidence presented by any person objecting to the issuance of the certificate, that the transportation to be authorized by the certificate is not consistent with the public interest.

(ii) Other persons.—The Commission shall issue a certificate to a person (other than a private recipient of governmental assistance) authorizing that person to provide special or charter transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II of chapter 105 of this title as a motor common carrier of passengers if the Commission finds that the person is fit, willing, and able to provide the transportation to be authorized by the certificate and to comply with this subtitle and regulations of the Commission.


(C) Public recipients for charter transportation.—The Commission shall issue a certificate to a public recipient of governmental assistance authorizing that recipient to provide special or charter transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II of chapter 105 of this title as a motor common carrier of passengers if the Commission finds that—

(i) the recipient is fit, willing, and able to provide the transportation to be authorized by the certificate and to comply with this subtitle and regulations of the Commission; and

(ii)(I) no motor common carrier of passengers (other than a motor common carrier of passengers which is a public recipient of governmental assistance) is providing, or is willing and able to provide, the transportation to be authorized by the certificate; or

(II) the transportation to be authorized by the certificate is to be provided entirely in the area in which the public recipient provides regularly scheduled mass transportation services.


(D) Public recipients for regular-route transportation.—The Commission shall issue a certificate to a public recipient of governmental assistance authorizing that recipient to provide regular-route transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II of chapter 105 of this title as a motor common carrier of passengers if the Commission finds that the recipient is fit, willing, and able to provide the transportation to be authorized by the certificate and to comply with this subtitle and regulations of the Commission, unless the Commission finds, on the basis of evidence presented by any person objecting to the issuance of the certificate, that the transportation to be authorized by the certificate is not consistent with the public interest.

(E) Treatment of certain public recipients.—Subject to section 10531 of this title, any public recipient of governmental assistance which is providing or seeking to provide transportation of passengers subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II of chapter 105 of this title shall, for purposes of this subtitle, be treated as a person which is providing or seeking to provide transportation of passengers subject to such jurisdiction.

(F) Definitions.—In this subsection—

(i) Public recipient of governmental assistance.—The term "public recipient of governmental assistance" means—

(I) any State,

(II) any municipality or other political subdivision of a State,

(III) any public agency or instrumentality of one or more States and municipalities and political subdivisions of a State,

(IV) any Indian tribe,

(V) any corporation, board, or other person owned or controlled by any entity described in subclause (I), (II), (III), or (IV), and

(VI) any corporation, board, or other person owned by, controlled by, or under common control with, any entity described in subclause (I), (II), (III), (IV), or (V),


 which before, on, or after the date of the enactment of this paragraph received governmental financial assistance for the purchase or operation of any bus.

(ii) Private recipient of governmental assistance.—The term "private recipient of governmental assistance" means any person (other than a person described in clause (i)) who before, on, or after the date of the enactment of this paragraph received governmental financial assistance in the form of a subsidy for the purchase, lease, or operation of any bus.


(2)(A) The Commission shall issue a certificate to a person authorizing that person to provide regular-route transportation entirely in one State as a motor common carrier of passengers if such intrastate transportation is to be provided on a route over which the carrier has authority on the effective date of this subsection to provide interstate transportation of passengers if the Commission finds that the person is fit, willing, and able to provide the intrastate transportation to be authorized by the certificate and to comply with this subtitle and regulations of the Commission, unless the Commission finds, on the basis of evidence presented by any person objecting to the issuance of the certificate, that the transportation to be authorized would directly compete with a commuter bus operation and it would have a significant adverse effect on commuter bus service in the area in which the competing service will be performed.

(B) The Commission shall issue a certificate to a person authorizing that person to provide regular-route transportation entirely in one State as a motor common carrier of passengers if such intrastate transportation is to be provided on a route over which the carrier has been granted authority, or will be granted authority, after the effective date of this section to provide interstate transportation of passengers if the Commission finds that the person is fit, willing, and able to provide the intrastate transportation to be authorized by the certificate and to comply with this subtitle and regulations of the Commission, unless the Commission finds, on the basis of evidence presented by any person objecting to the issuance of the certificate, that the transportation to be authorized is not consistent with the public interest.

(C) No State or political subdivision thereof and no interstate agency or other political agency of two or more States shall enact or enforce any law, rule, regulation, standard or other provision having the force and effect of law relating to the provision of pickup and delivery of express packages, newspapers, or mail in a commercial zone if the shipment has had or will have a prior or subsequent movement by bus in intrastate commerce and if a city within the commercial zone, as defined in section 10526(b)(1) of this title, is served by a motor common carrier of passengers providing regular-route transportation of passengers subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II of chapter 105 of this title.

(D) Subject to subparagraph (F) of this paragraph, any intrastate transportation authorized by issuance of a certificate under this paragraph shall be deemed to be transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II of chapter 105 of this title. Upon issuance of such certificate, the carrier shall establish initial rates, rules, and practices applicable to such transportation to the same extent and in the same manner as a motor common carrier of passengers providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under such subchapter establishes rates, rules, and practices applicable to such interstate transportation. Any such rate, rule, or practice (including changes thereto) shall be subject to the provisions of chapter 107 of this title as if such rate, rule, or practice were related to interstate transportation.

(E) Not later than 30 days after the date on which a motor common carrier of passengers first begins providing transportation entirely in one State pursuant to a certificate issued under this paragraph, the carrier shall take all action necessary to establish under the laws of such State rates, rules, and practices applicable to such transportation.

(F) Transportation entirely in one State authorized by issuance of a certificate under this paragraph shall remain subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission, and rates, rules, and practices applicable to such transportation established under subparagraph (D) of this paragraph shall remain in effect, until permanent rates, rules, and practices applicable to such transportation are established under the laws of such State.

(G) The Commission shall take final action upon an application filed under subparagraph (A) of this paragraph for authority to provide transportation entirely in one State not later than 90 days after the date the application is filed with the Commission.

(H) This paragraph shall not apply to any regular-route transportation of passengers provided entirely in one State which is in the nature of a special operation.

(I) Notwithstanding subparagraph (F) of this paragraph, intrastate transportation authorized under this paragraph may be suspended or revoked by the Commission under section 10925 of this title.

(J) Limitation on intrastate certificates.—Each certificate issued under this paragraph to provide intrastate transportation of passengers on any route shall be subject to a condition which limits the authority of the carrier to provide intrastate transportation service under the certificate only if the carrier provides regularly scheduled interstate transportation service on the route.

(3) In making any findings relating to public interest under paragraphs (1) and (2)(B) of this subsection, the Commission shall consider, to the extent applicable—

(A) the transportation policy of section 10101(a) of this title;

(B) the value of competition to the traveling and shipping public;

(C) the effect of issuance of the certificate on motor carrier of passenger service to small communities;

(D) whether issuance of the certificate would impair the ability of any other motor common carrier of passengers to provide a substantial portion of the regular-route passenger service which such carrier provides over its entire regular-route system; except that diversion of revenue or traffic from a motor common carrier of passengers in and of itself shall not be sufficient to support a finding that issuance of the certificate would impair the ability of the carrier to provide a substantial portion of the regular-route passenger service which the carrier provides over its entire regular-route system; and

(E) the amount and extent of governmental financial assistance which the applicant for the certificate received before, on, or after the date of the enactment of this subparagraph for the purchase or operation of buses.


In addition, in making any finding relating to public interest under paragraph (1)(D) of this subsection, the Commission shall consider whether or not the person objecting to issuance of the certificate is a motor common carrier of passengers which is providing, or is willing and able to provide, the transportation to be authorized by the certificate.

(4) The provisions of paragraph (1) of this subsection relating to the Commission finding that transportation to be authorized by issuance of a certificate is not consistent with the public interest shall not apply to any application under this subsection for authority to provide—

(A) interstate transportation service to any community not regularly served by a motor common carrier of passengers under this section;

(B) interstate transportation service which will be a substitute for discontinued rail or commercial-air passenger service to a community if such discontinuance results in such community not having any rail and commercial-air passenger service and if such application is filed within 180 days after such discontinuance becomes effective; and

(C) interstate transportation service to any community with respect to which the only motor common carrier of passengers providing interstate transportation service to such community applies for authority to discontinue providing such interstate service under section 10925(b) of this title or applies for permission to discontinue or reduce its level of intrastate service to such community under section 10935 of this title.


(5) The Commission may not make any finding under paragraphs (1) and (2) of this subsection which is based upon general findings developed in rulemaking proceedings.

(6) The requirement that persons issued certificates under this subsection be fit, willing, and able means safety fitness and proof of minimum financial responsibility under section 18 1 of the Bus Regulatory Reform Act of 1982.

(7) No motor common carrier of passengers may protest an application to provide transportation filed under this subsection or a request to remove an operating restriction under section 10922(i)(4) 1 of this title unless—

(A)(i) it possesses authority to handle, in whole or in part, the traffic for which authority is applied;

(ii) it is willing and able to provide service that meets the reasonable needs of the traveling public; and

(iii) it has performed service within the scope of the application during the previous 12-month period or has, actively in good faith, solicited service within the scope of the application during such period;

(B) it has pending before the Commission an application filed prior in time to the application being considered for substantially the same traffic; or

(C) the Commission grants leave to intervene upon a showing of other interests that are not contrary to the transportation policy set forth in section 10101(a) of this title.


(8) No motor contract carrier of passengers may protest an application to provide transportation filed under this subsection.

(9) For purposes of this section, authority under this subsection to provide special or charter transportation of passengers by motor vehicle includes authority to provide such transportation as round-trip service and as one-way service if such one-way service may be provided as part of a round-trip movement involving the same passengers and air, rail, or water transportation or any combination of air, rail, or water transportation.

(e) A person must file an application with the Commission for a certificate to provide transportation as a motor common carrier or water common carrier. The Commission may approve any part of the application or deny the application. The application must—

(1) be under oath;

(2) contain information required by Commission regulations; and

(3) be served on persons designated by the Commission.


(f)(1) Subject to section 10927(a) of this title, each certificate issued to a person to provide transportation as a motor common carrier of household goods or passengers shall specify—

(A) the transportation to be provided by the carrier;

(B) any of the regular routes over which, any of the places between which, and off-route places at which, the carrier may provide transportation; and

(C) if transportation is not over regular routes or between specified places, the area in which the carrier may provide transportation.


(2) Under regulations of the Commission, a motor common carrier may occasionally deviate from the regular routes, or the places specified in the certificate, or both.

(3) If a motor common carrier transports passengers, the Commission may authorize transportation of the passengers only over a regular route and between specified places, except to the extent the carrier is authorized to provide special or charter transportation.

(4) A certificate of a motor common carrier to transport passengers shall be deemed to include permissive authority to transport newspapers, baggage of passengers, express packages, or mail in the same motor vehicle with the passengers, or baggage of passengers in a separate motor vehicle.

(g) Each certificate issued to a person to provide transportation as a water common carrier shall specify each route over which, and each port between which, the carrier may provide transportation.

(h)(1) A motor common carrier of household goods or passengers may provide transportation under a certificate only if the carrier complies with conditions the Commission finds are required by public convenience and necessity, including conditions—

(A) on extending routes of the carrier; and

(B) to carry out requirements established by the Commission under this subtitle.


(2) The Commission may prescribe necessary conditions under which a water common carrier provides transportation, including conditions on extending routes of the carrier.

(3) The Commission may prescribe conditions when the certificate is issued and at any time thereafter. The Commission may not prescribe a condition preventing—

(A) a motor common carrier or water common carrier from adding to its equipment and facilities or its transportation within the scope of the certificate to satisfy business development and public demand; or

(B) a water common carrier, if the carrier has authority to provide transportation over completed parts of a waterway project authorized under law, from extending its transportation over the uncompleted parts of the project when opened for navigation to satisfy business development and public demand.


(i) A certificate issued under this section does not confer a proprietary or exclusive right to use the public highways or public waterways.

(j)(1) Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of this subsection, the Commission shall—

(A) eliminate gateway restrictions and circuitous route limitations imposed upon motor common carriers of property; and

(B) implement, by regulation, procedures to process expeditiously applications of individual motor carriers of property seeking removal of operating restrictions in order to—

(i) reasonably broaden the categories of property authorized by the carrier's certificate or permit;

(ii) authorize transportation or service to intermediate points on the carrier's routes;

(iii) provide round-trip authority where only one-way authority exists;

(iv) eliminate unreasonable or excessively narrow territorial limitations; or

(v) eliminate any other unreasonable restriction that the Commission deems to be wasteful of fuel, inefficient, or contrary to the public interest.


(2) The regulations promulgated by the Commission pursuant to paragraph (1)(B) of this subsection shall provide for final Commission action upon an application not later than 120 days after the date the application is filed with the Commission, except that in extraordinary circumstances, the Commission may extend such deadline for a period of not to exceed 90 additional days. Such regulations shall also provide for notice and the opportunity for interested parties to comment, but need not provide for oral evidentiary hearings. In granting or denying applications under paragraph (1)(B) of this subsection, the Commission shall (A) consider, among other things, the impact of the proposed restriction removal upon the consumption of energy resources, potential cost savings and improved efficiency, and the transportation policy set forth in section 10101(a) of this title, and (B) give special consideration to providing and maintaining service to small and rural communities and small shippers.

(3) On the effective date of this paragraph, a certificate to provide interstate transportation of passengers issued under this section shall be deemed to authorize (but not require)—

(A) round-trip operations where only one-way authority exists; and

(B) special and charter transportation from all points in a political subdivision of a State in any case in which special and charter transportation authority is limited to one or more points of origin in such political subdivision.


(4) Upon request of any person issued a certificate to provide interstate transportation of passengers under this section, the Commission shall within 90 days remove any operating restriction imposed on the certificate in order to authorize interstate transportation to intermediate points on any route covered by the certificate unless the Commission finds, on the basis of evidence presented by a person objecting to the removal of such an operating restriction, that the resulting interstate transportation directly competes with a commuter bus operation and will have a significant adverse effect on commuter bus service in the area in which the competing service will be provided.

(k)(1) A person holding (A) a certificate issued under subsection (b) of this section to provide transportation as a motor common carrier of property, and (B) a permit issued under section 10923 of this title to provide transportation as a motor contract carrier of property, may transport property under the certificate in the same motor vehicle and at the same time as property under the permit.

(2)(A) Subject to the provisions of this paragraph, a motor common carrier of passengers who has authority under this section to provide special or charter transportation of passengers and to provide regular-route transportation of passengers may transport the special or charter passengers in the same motor vehicle with regular-route passengers.

(B) Subparagraph (A) of this paragraph shall only apply to transportation of passengers entirely in a State if the motor common carrier of passengers has authority under the laws of such State to provide within such State special or charter transportation of passengers and regular-route transportation of passengers and if the laws of such State and the certificate, permit, or other authority under which such carrier provides intrastate transportation in such State authorizes such carrier to transport special or charter passengers in the same motor vehicle with regular-route passengers.

(C) Special or charter transportation of passengers may only be provided under subparagraph (A) of this paragraph in the same motor vehicle as regular-route transportation of passengers if the mixing of such passengers does not interfere with the obligation of the carrier to comply with section 11101 of this title.

(3) Subject to such regulations as the Commission may issue, a person who has authority under this section to provide charter transportation of passengers may transport groups of charter passengers in the same motor vehicle at the same time.

(l) A motor common carrier of property may deliver to or receive from a rail carrier a trailer moving in trailer-on-flat-car service at any point on the route of the rail carrier if the motor carrier is authorized to serve the origin and destination points of the traffic.

(m)(1) Except as provided in paragraph (2) of this subsection, the Commission, notwithstanding any other provision of law (other than such paragraph (2)), shall not issue any certificate to any motor common carrier, any permit to any motor contract carrier, or any certificate of registration under section 10530 of this title to any foreign motor carrier or foreign motor private carrier, domiciled in any contiguous foreign country or owned or controlled by persons of any contiguous foreign country in the four-year period beginning on the effective date of this subsection. The President of the United States may extend, beyond such four-year period, such moratorium or impose such a moratorium with respect to any contiguous foreign country or political subdivision thereof which substantially prohibits grants of authority to persons from the United States to provide transportation by motor vehicle for compensation in such foreign country or political subdivision.

(2)(A) The President of the United States may remove or modify, in whole or in part, any moratorium imposed under paragraph (1) of this subsection on the issuance of certificates or permits if the President determines that such removal or modification is in the national interest and notifies, in writing, the Congress of such removal or modification before the date on which such removal or modification is to take effect. In any case in which such moratorium applies to a contiguous foreign country or political subdivision thereof which substantially prohibits grants of authority to persons from the United States to provide transportation by motor vehicle for compensation in such foreign country or political subdivision, such removal or modification shall not take effect before the 60th day following the date on which the Congress is notified of such removal or modification.

(B)(i) Subject to the provisions of this subparagraph, during a moratorium imposed under paragraph (1) of this subsection with respect to any contiguous foreign country or political subdivision thereof, the Commission may issue certificates of registration under section 10530 of this subtitle to foreign motor carriers and foreign motor private carriers domiciled in such country or political subdivision and to foreign motor carriers and foreign motor private carriers owned or controlled by persons of such country or political subdivision.

(ii) Subject to clause (iv) of this subparagraph, if the person to be issued the certificate of registration during the moratorium is a foreign motor carrier domiciled in the foreign country or political subdivision or is a foreign motor carrier owned or controlled by persons of the foreign country or political subdivision, such certificate may only authorize such carrier to provide transportation of property (including exempt items) by motor vehicle in a municipality in the United States which is adjacent to the foreign country or political subdivision, in contiguous municipalities in the United States any one of which is adjacent to the foreign country or political subdivision, or in a zone in the United States that is adjacent to, and commercially a part of, the municipality or municipalities.

(iii) Subject to clause (v) of this subsection, if the person to be issued the certificate of registration during the moratorium is a foreign motor private carrier domiciled in the foreign country or political subdivision or is a foreign motor private carrier owned or controlled by persons of the foreign country or political subdivision, such certificate may only authorize such carrier to provide transportation of property (including exempt items) by motor vehicle in a municipality in the United States which is adjacent to the foreign country or political subdivision, in contiguous municipalities in the United States any one of which is adjacent to the foreign country or political subdivision, or in a zone in the United States that is adjacent to, and commercially a part of, the municipality or municipalities.

(iv) If the person to be issued the certificate of registration during the moratorium is a foreign motor carrier domiciled in the foreign country or political subdivision and owned or controlled by persons of the United States, such certificate may only authorize such carrier to provide interstate transportation of property (including exempt items) by motor vehicle.

(v) If the person to be issued the certificate of registration during the moratorium is a foreign motor private carrier domiciled in the foreign country or political subdivision and owned or controlled by persons of the United States, such certificate may only authorize such carrier to provide interstate transportation of property (including exempt items) by motor vehicle.

(vi) In this subparagraph, the terms "exempt items", "foreign motor carrier", "foreign motor private carrier", and "interstate transportation" have the meanings such terms have under section 10530(a) of this title.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1409; Pub. L. 96–296, §§5(a), 6, 34(a), July 1, 1980, 94 Stat. 794, 796, 825; Pub. L. 96–454, §10(a), Oct. 15, 1980, 94 Stat. 2021; Pub. L. 97–261, §§6(a)–(c), (g), 7, 8, Sept. 20, 1982, 96 Stat. 1103, 1107, 1108; Pub. L. 98–554, title II, §§225(a), (b), 226(b), Oct. 30, 1984, 98 Stat. 2847, 2848, 2850; Pub. L. 100–17, title III, §§339, 340(a), Apr. 2, 1987, 101 Stat. 243, 245; Pub. L. 100–690, title IX, §9111(g), Nov. 18, 1988, 102 Stat. 4533; Pub. L. 102–240, title III, §3003(b), Dec. 18, 1991, 105 Stat. 2088; Pub. L. 103–272, §5(m)(25), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1378; Pub. L. 103–311, title II, §207, Aug. 26, 1994, 108 Stat. 1686; Pub. L. 103–429, §7(a)(4)(D), Oct. 31, 1994, 108 Stat. 4389.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10922(a) 49:307(a) (words before proviso). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §207; added Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 551.
  49:909(c). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §309(b)–(e); added Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §201, 54 Stat. 942.
10922(b) 49:306(b). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §206(b); added Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 551.
  49:909(b).
10922(c)(1) 49:308(a) (words before semicolon). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §208(a), (b), (d); added Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 552.
10922(c)(2) 49:308(b).
10922(c)(3) 49:307(a) (proviso).
10922(c)(4) 49:308(d).
10922(d) 49:909(d) (words through 3d comma).
10922(e)(1) 49:308(a) (words between 2d comma after semicolon and proviso).
10922(e)(2) 49:909(d) (words between 5th comma and proviso).
10922(e)(3) 49:308(a) (words between semicolon and words after 2d comma after semicolon), (proviso).
  49:909(d) (words between 3d and 5th commas), (proviso).
10922(f) 49:307(b).
  49:909(e).

The word "transportation" is substituted each place for "service" and "operations" for consistency and as being more precise because the jurisdictional grant to the Interstate Commerce Commission under subchapters II and III of chapter 105 of the revised title is jurisdiction over transportation.

In the introductory matter of subsection (a), before clause (1), the words "authorizing that person to provide transportation" are inserted for clarity. The words "qualified applicant therefor" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the provisions of the section specifying the necessary qualifications of motor and water common carriers.

In subsection (a)(1), the word "properly" is omitted as surplus. The words "to be authorized by the certificate" are substituted for "to perform the service proposed" for clarity in view of the authority of the Commission to approve only part of an application. The words "requirements, rules" are omitted as being included in "regulations" and for consistency with the other provisions of the revised title.

In subsection (b), the words "shall be in such form and" and "by regulations" are omitted as unnecessary in view of section 10321(a) of the revised title giving the Commission general authority to carry out the subtitle. The last sentence of 49:306(b) is omitted as executed.

In subsection (c)(1), (2), and (3), the word "places" is substituted for "fixed termini" for consistency.

In the introductory language of subsection (c)(1), before clause (A), the words "Subject to section 10927(a) of this title" are inserted for clarity.

In subsection (c)(2), the words "such general or special rules and" are omitted for consistency and as being unnecessary.

In subsection (c)(4)(A) and (B), the word "motor" is inserted before "vehicle" each place for clarity and consistency.

In subsection (e)(1), (2), and (3), the words "reasonable terms" and "limitations" are omitted as unnecessary.

In subsection (e)(1)(B), the words "under this subtitle" are substituted for "under section 304(a)(1) and (6)" in view of the general authority granted to the Commission under that section and as a result of the codification of the subtitle.

In subsection (e)(2), the words "public convenience and necessity" are omitted in view of other language in 49:909(d) giving the Commission the authority to impose conditions for any necessary purpose.

In subsection (e)(3)(A), the words "or its transportation within the scope" are substituted for "over the routes, between the termini, or within the territory specified" in 49:308(a) (proviso) to eliminate redundancy and for consistency with the words of 49:909(d) (proviso).

In subsection (e)(3)(B), the words "authorized under law" are substituted for "by Congress" in 49:909(d) as being more precise.

In subsection (f), the word "exclusive" is substituted for "property" in 49:307(b) as being more precise and for consistency with 49:909(e).

References in Text

The date of the enactment of this paragraph, referred to in subsec. (d)(1)(F), is the date of enactment of Pub. L. 100–17, which was approved Apr. 2, 1987.

The effective date of this subsection and the effective date of this paragraph, referred to in subsecs. (d)(2)(A) and (j)(3), respectively, is the 60th day after Sept. 20, 1982, see section 31(a) of Pub. L. 97–261, set out as an Effective Date of 1982 Amendment note under section 10101 of this title.

The effective date of this section, referred to in subsec. (d)(2)(B), probably means the effective date of subsec. (d) of this section, as added by Pub. L. 97–261, see above.

The date of the enactment of this subparagraph, referred to in subsec. (d)(3)(E), is the date of enactment of Pub. L. 100–17, which was approved Apr. 2, 1987.

Section 18 of the Bus Regulatory Reform Act of 1982, referred to in subsec. (d)(6), is section 18 of Pub. L. 97–261, of which subsecs. (a) to (g) were formerly set out as a note under section 10927 of this title and subsec. (h) amended section 10927 of this title. Section 18(a)–(g) was repealed and reenacted as section 31138 of this title by Pub. L. 103–272, §§1(e), 7(b), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1005, 1379, the first section of which enacted subtitles II, III, and V to X of this title.

Section 10922(i)(4) of this title, referred to in subsec. (d)(7), was redesignated section 10922(j)(4) of this title by Pub. L. 103–311, title II, §207(a)(1), Aug. 26, 1994, 108 Stat. 1686.

The date of enactment of this subsection, referred to in subsec. (j)(1), is the date of enactment of Pub. L. 96–296, which was approved July 1, 1980.

The effective date of this subsection, referred to in subsec. (m)(1), is Sept. 20, 1982, see section 31(c) of Pub. L. 97–261, set out as an Effective Date of 1982 Amendment note under section 10101 of this title.

Amendments

1994—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 103–311, §207(a)(1), added subsec. (b). Former subsec. (b) redesignated (c).

Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 103–311, §207(b)(3)–(6), substituted "motor carrier providing transportation of shipments weighing 100 pounds or less transported in a motor vehicle in which no one package exceeds 100 pounds" for "carrier holding authority under paragraph (4)(D) of this subsection" in par. (4), "of household goods" for "of property" in introductory provisions of par. (5) and in par. (6), and "The provisions" for "Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph (4) of this subsection, the provisions" in par. (7).

Pub. L. 103–311, §207(b)(2), redesignated pars. (5), (7), (8), and (9) as (4), (5), (6), and (7), respectively, and struck out former pars. (4) and (6). Former par. (4) provided that par. (1) not apply to applications for authority to provide certain transportation services and former par. (6) read as follows: "The Commission shall streamline and simplify, to the maximum extent practicable, the process for issuance of certificates to which the provisions of paragraph (4)(E) of this subsection apply."

Pub. L. 103–311, §207(b)(1), substituted "carrier of household goods" for "carrier of property" in introductory provisions of par. (1).

Pub. L. 103–311, §207(a)(1), redesignated subsec. (b) as (c). Former subsec. (c) redesignated (d).

Subsec. (c)(1)(E). Pub. L. 103–272, §5(m)(25)(A), as amended by Pub. L. 103–429, substituted "section 10531 of this title" for "provisions of section 12(f) of the Federal Transit Act".

Subsec. (c)(2)(D). Pub. L. 103–272, §5(m)(25)(B), substituted "title" for "subtitle" in two places.

Subsec. (c)(4)(C). Pub. L. 103–272, §5(m)(25)(C), substituted "title" for "subchapter" in two places.

Subsecs. (d), (e). Pub. L. 103–311, §207(a)(1), redesignated subsecs. (c) and (d) as (d) and (e), respectively. Former subsec. (e) redesignated (f).

Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 103–311, §207(a)(1), redesignated subsec. (e) as (f). Former subsec. (f) redesignated (g).

Subsec. (f)(1). Pub. L. 103–311, §207(c), inserted "of household goods or passengers" after "motor common carrier" in introductory provisions.

Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 103–311, §207(a)(1), redesignated subsec. (f) as (g). Former subsec. (g) redesignated (h).

Subsec. (h). Pub. L. 103–311, §207(a)(1), redesignated subsec. (g) as (h). Former subsec. (h) redesignated (i).

Subsec. (h)(1). Pub. L. 103–311, §207(d), inserted "of household goods or passengers" after "motor common carrier" in introductory provisions.

Subsec. (i). Pub. L. 103–311, §207(a)(1), redesignated subsec. (h) as (i). Former subsec. (i) redesignated (j).

Subsec. (j). Pub. L. 103–311, §207(a)(1), redesignated subsec. (i) as (j). Former subsec. (j) redesignated (k).

Subsec. (j)(1). Pub. L. 103–272, §5(m)(25)(C), substituted "title" for "subchapter".

Subsec. (j)(2)(C). Pub. L. 103–272, §5(m)(25)(D), substituted "title" for "subtitle".

Subsecs. (k) to (m). Pub. L. 103–311, §207(a)(1), redesignated subsecs. (j) to (l) as (k) to (m), respectively.

1991—Subsec. (c)(1)(E). Pub. L. 102–240 substituted "Federal Transit Act" for "Urban Mass Transportation Act of 1964".

1988—Subsec. (l)(1). Pub. L. 100–690, §9111(g)(1), substituted "foreign motor carrier or foreign motor private carrier" for "motor carrier of property or motor private carrier".

Subsec. (l)(2)(B)(i). Pub. L. 100–690, §9111(g)(2), substituted "foreign motor carriers and foreign motor private carriers" for "motor carriers of property and motor private carriers" in two places.

Subsec. (l)(2)(B)(ii). Pub. L. 100–690, §9111(g)(3), substituted "foreign motor carrier" for "motor carrier of property" in two places and "property (including exempt items) by motor vehicle" for "exempt items".

Subsec. (l)(2)(B)(iii). Pub. L. 100–690, §9111(g)(4), inserted "foreign" before "motor private" in two places and inserted "by motor vehicle" after "items)".

Subsec. (l)(2)(B)(iv). Pub. L. 100–690, §9111(g)(5), substituted "foreign motor carrier" for "motor carrier of property" and "property (including exempt items) by motor vehicle" for "exempt items".

Subsec. (l)(2)(B)(v). Pub. L. 100–690, §9111(g)(6), inserted "foreign" before "motor private" and "by motor vehicle" after "items)".

Subsec. (l)(2)(B)(vi). Pub. L. 100–690, §9111(g)(7), inserted ", 'foreign motor carrier', 'foreign motor private carrier'," before "and".

1987—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 100–17, §339(a), inserted heading.

Subsec. (c)(1). Pub. L. 100–17, §339(a), inserted heading and amended text generally, revising and restating as subpars. (A) to (F) provisions formerly contained in subpars. (A) and (B).

Subsec. (c)(2)(J). Pub. L. 100–17, §340(a), added subpar. (J).

Subsec. (c)(3). Pub. L. 100–17, §339(b), (c), substituted "paragraphs (1) and (2)(B)" for "paragraphs (1)(A) and (2)(B)" and added subpar. (E) and closing provisions.

1984—Subsec. (l)(1). Pub. L. 98–554, §225(a), (b), substituted "four-year" for "two-year" wherever appearing and inserted "or impose such a moratorium" after "such moratorium" in second sentence.

Pub. L. 98–554, §226(b)(1), substituted "any permit" for "or any permit" before "to any motor contract carrier," and inserted "or any certificate of registration under section 10530 of this title to any motor carrier of property or motor private carrier," after "contract carrier,".

Subsec. (l)(2). Pub. L. 98–554, §226(b)(2), designated existing provisions as subpar. (A) and added subpar. (B).

1982—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 97–261, §6(a), struck out "II or" after "subchapter", and substituted "water common carrier" for "motor common carrier of passengers or water common carrier, respectively,".

Subsecs. (c), (d). Pub. L. 97–261, §6(b), added subsec. (c) and redesignated former subsecs. (c) and (d) as (d) and (e), respectively.

Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 97–261, §6(b), (c), redesignated former subsec. (d) as (e), and, in par. (4) of subsec. (e) as so redesignated, substituted "shall be deemed to include permissive authority" for "may include authority", removed the special designations of former subpars. (A) and (B), inserted "packages" after "express", and substituted ", or" for "; and" after "vehicle with the passengers". Former subsec. (e) redesignated (f).

Subsecs. (f) to (h). Pub. L. 97–261, §6(b), redesignated subsecs. (e) through (g) as (f) through (h), respectively.

Subsec. (i). Pub. L. 97–261, §§6(b), 7, redesignated former subsec. (h) as (i) and added pars. (3) and (4). Former subsec. (i) redesignated (j).

Subsec. (j). Pub. L. 97–261, §§6(b), 8, redesignated former subsec. (i) as (j), redesignated existing provisions as par. (1) and cls. (1) and (2) therein as cls. (A) and (B), respectively, and added pars. (2) and (3). Former subsec. (j) redesignated (k).

Subsec. (k). Pub. L. 97–261, §6(b), redesignated former subsec. (j) as (k).

Subsec. (l). Pub. L. 97–261, §6(g), added subsec. (l).

1980—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 96–296, §5(a)(1), inserted "of passengers" after "motor common carrier".

Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 96–454 added par. (9).

Pub. L. 96–296, §5(2), (3), added subsec. (b). Former subsec. (b) redesignated (c).

Subsecs. (c) to (g). Pub. L. 96–296, §5(2), redesignated former subsecs. (b) to (f) as (c) to (g), respectively.

Subsecs. (h), (i). Pub. L. 96–296, §6, added subsecs. (h) and (i).

Subsec. (j). Pub. L. 96–296, §34(a), added subsec. (j).

Effective Date of 1994 Amendments

Section 7(a) of Pub. L. 103–429 provided in part that the amendment made by that section is effective July 5, 1994.

Amendment by Pub. L. 103–311 effective Jan. 1, 1995, see section 212 of Pub. L. 103–311, set out as a note under section 10101 of this title.

Effective Date of 1988 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 100–690 effective Jan. 1, 1990, see section 9111(k) of Pub. L. 100–690, set out as a note under section 10530 of this title.

Effective Date of 1987 Amendment

Section 340(b) of Pub. L. 100–17 provided that: "The amendment made by subsection (a) [amending this section] shall apply to any certificate issued under section 10922(c)(2) [now 10922(d)(2)] of title 49, United States Code, before, on, or after the date of the enactment of this Act [Apr. 2, 1987]."

Effective Date of 1984 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 98–554 effective May 1, 1985, except as otherwise provided, see section 226(d) of Pub. L. 98–554, set out as an Effective Date note under section 10530 of this title.

Section 225(c) of Pub. L. 98–554 provided that: "The amendments made by this section [amending this section] shall take effect on September 19, 1984."

Effective Date of 1982 Amendment

Amendment by sections 6(a)–(c), 7, and 8 of Pub. L. 97–261 effective on 60th day after Sept. 20, 1982, see section 31(a), (c) of Pub. L. 97–261, and amendment by section 6(g) of Pub. L. 97–261 effective Sept. 20, 1982, set out as a note under section 10101 of this title.

Limited Modification to Moratorium on Issuance of Certificates or Permits With Respect to Mexico

Memorandum of President of the United States, May 6, 1993, 58 F.R. 27647, provided:

Memorandum for the Secretary of Transportation

Section 6 of the Bus Regulatory Reform Act of 1982 [see 49 U.S.C. 10922(m)(1), (2)] imposed a moratorium on the issuance of certificates or permits to motor carriers domiciled in, or owned or controlled by persons of, a contiguous foreign country. The Act authorized the President to remove the moratorium in whole or in part for any country or political subdivision thereof upon determining that such action is in the national interest. Sixty days' advance notice to the Congress is required whenever the removal or modification applies to a contiguous foreign country or political subdivision thereof that substantially prohibits the granting of motor carrier authority to persons from the United States.

I am pleased that an agreement between the United States and Mexico has been concluded to ensure fair and reciprocal treatment for charter and tour bus interests on both sides of the border. The agreement reached, however, does not allow for full access to cross-border and domestic markets. Therefore, the moratorium must reflect the conditions under which operating authority may be issued to Mexican charter and tour companies under the agreement.

Pursuant to section 6 of the Bus Regulatory Reform Act of 1982, 49 U.S.C. section 10922(l)(2)(A) [now 10922(m)(2)(A)], I hereby make a limited modification to the moratorium imposed by that section and all actions taken by my predecessors under that section on the issuance of certificates or permits to motor carriers domiciled in, or owned or controlled by persons of, a contiguous foreign country.

The moratorium is modified only to authorize the Interstate Commerce Commission to grant Mexican motor carriers authority to transport passengers in charter or special operations, in foreign commerce, in round trip or one-way service between Mexico and the United States pursuant to the following restrictions:

1. The Mexican motor carrier can conduct cross-border charter or special service in the United States only when the international tour or charter begins in Mexico;

2. Tickets or tour packages for such operations cannot be sold in the United States; and

3. The terms of the grants of authority given to Mexican motor carriers will be limited by the life of the agreement with Mexico covering reciprocal cross-border charter and special operations.

This action applies only to international charter and tour operations, does not allow for point-to-point service within the United States, and does not authorize companies to conduct cross-border regular route service. This action preserves the status quo with respect to Mexican trucking companies and Mexican companies engaged in regular route service, and will maintain the moratorium on those operations through September 25, 1994, unless earlier revoked or modified.

Accordingly, you are directed to notify the Congress today on my behalf that, effective 60 days hence, the moratorium will no longer be in effect for Mexican charter and tour bus companies subject to the above stated conditions. Because of this action, the Interstate Commerce Commission will then accept and process expeditiously all applications for operating authority from Mexican owned, controlled, or domiciled charter and tour bus firms. I should note that applications in Mexico by United States charter and tour bus firms will be similarly treated.

You are hereby authorized and directed to publish this determination in the Federal Register.

William J. Clinton.      


Memorandum of President of the United States, Jan. 1, 1994, 59 F.R. 653, provided:

Memorandum for the Secretary of Transportation

Section 6 of the Bus Regulatory Reform Act of 1982 [see 49 U.S.C. 10922(m)(1), (2)] imposed a moratorium on the issuance of certificates or permits to motor carriers domiciled in, or owned or controlled by, persons of a contiguous foreign country. The Act authorized the President to remove the moratorium in whole or in part for any country or political subdivision thereof upon determining that such action is in the national interest. Sixty days' advance notice to the Congress is required whenever the removal or modification applies to a foreign contiguous country or political subdivision thereof that substantially prohibits the granting of motor carrier authority to persons from the United States.

As set forth in the Statement of Administrative Action regarding the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) that I submitted to the Congress on November 3, 1993, the moratorium with respect to Mexico will be lifted in phases to coincide with the schedule of liberalization in the relevant provisions of the NAFTA. The NAFTA specifically states that the moratorium will not apply to the provision of cross-border charter or tour bus services as of the date of entry into force of the Agreement.

This is to give public notice that, pursuant to section 6 of the Bus Regulatory Reform Act of 1982, 49 U.S.C. section 10922(l)(2)(A) [now 10922(m)(2)(A)], on November 3, 1993, I gave the Congress notice of my intention to make a limited modification to the moratorium imposed by that section and all actions taken by my predecessors under that section on the issuance of certificates or permits to motor carriers domiciled in, or owned or controlled by, persons of Mexico. This modification will take effect on January 1, 1994, the 60th day after my notice to the Congress.

The moratorium is modified only to authorize the Interstate Commerce Commission to grant Mexican motor carriers authority to transport passengers in charter or tour bus operations, in foreign commerce, in round-trip or one-way service between Mexico and the United States.

This action applies only to international charter or tour bus operations, does not allow for point-to-point bus service within the United States, and does not authorize companies to conduct cross-border regular route bus service.

Effective January 1, 1994, the Interstate Commerce Commission will begin to accept and process expeditiously all applications for operating authority from Mexican owned, controlled, or domiciled charter and tour bus firms.

This determination shall be published in the Federal Register.

William J. Clinton.      

Extension of Moratorium

Memorandum of the President of the United States, Sept. 25, 1992, 57 F.R. 44647, provided:

Memorandum for the Secretary of Transportation, the United States Trade Representative

Pursuant to section 6 of the Bus Regulatory Reform Act of 1982, 49 U.S.C. 10922(l)(1) and (2) [now 10922(m)(1) and (2)], I hereby extend for an additional 2 years both the moratorium imposed by that section and all actions taken by me or my predecessor under that section on the issuance of certificates or permits to motor carriers domiciled in, or owned or controlled by persons of, a contiguous foreign country. This action preserves the status quo and will maintain the moratorium through September 19, 1994, unless earlier revoked or modified.

This memorandum shall be published in the Federal Register.

George Bush.      


Memorandum of the President of the United States, Sept. 17, 1990, 55 F.R. 38657, extended moratorium through Sept. 19, 1992.

Memorandum of the President of the United States, Sept. 15, 1988, 53 F.R. 36430, extended moratorium through Sept. 19, 1990.

Memorandum of the President of the United States, Sept. 23, 1986, 51 F.R. 34079, extended moratorium through Sept. 19, 1988.

Memorandum of the President of the United States, Aug. 30, 1984, 49 F.R. 35001, extended moratorium through Sept. 19, 1986.

Removal of Moratorium on Issuance of Certificates or Permits With Respect to Canada

Pursuant to Memorandum of the President, dated Nov. 29, 1982, 47 F.R. 54053, the moratorium on the issuance of certificates or permits to motor carriers domiciled in, or owned or controlled by persons of, a contiguous foreign country or political subdivision thereof which substantially prohibits grants of authority to persons from the United States to provide transportation by motor vehicle for compensation in such foreign country or political subdivision thereof was removed completely with respect to Canada.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in sections 10321, 10322, 10328, 10521, 10528, 10530, 10762, 10925, 10926, 10927, 10931, 10935, 11145, 11304, 11506, 11708 of this title.

1 See References in Text note below.

§10923. Permits of motor and water contract carriers and household goods freight forwarders

(a) Except as provided in this section and section 10930 of this title, the Interstate Commerce Commission shall issue a permit to a person authorizing the person to provide transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II or III of chapter 105 of this title as a motor contract carrier of household goods or passengers or water contract carrier, respectively, or to provide service subject to that jurisdiction under subchapter IV of chapter 105 as a households 1 goods freight forwarder, if the Commission finds that—

(1) the person is fit, willing, and able—

(A) to provide the transportation or service to be authorized by the permit; and

(B) to comply with this subtitle and regulations of the Commission; and


(2) the transportation or service to be provided under the permit is or will be consistent with the public interest and the transportation policy of section 10101 of this title.


(b)(1) Except as provided in this section and section 10930 of this title, the Commission shall issue a permit to a person authorizing the person to provide transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II of chapter 105 of this title as a motor contract carrier of property other than household goods if the Commission finds that the person is able to comply with—

(A) this subtitle, the regulations of the Commission, and any safety requirements imposed by the Commission,

(B) the safety fitness requirements established by the Secretary of Transportation in consultation with the Commission pursuant to section 31144 of this title, and

(C) the minimum financial responsibility requirements established by the Commission pursuant to section 10927 of this title.


(2) In deciding whether to approve the application of a person for a permit as a motor contract carrier of property other than household goods the Commission shall consider any evidence demonstrating that the applicant is unable to comply with this subtitle, the regulations of the Commission, safety requirements of the Commission, or the safety fitness and minimum financial responsibility requirements of subsection (b)(1).

(3) The Commission shall find any applicant for authority to operate as a motor carrier of property other than household goods under this subsection to be unfit if the applicant does not meet the safety and safety fitness requirements of paragraph (1)(A) or (1)(B) of this subsection and shall deny the application.

(4) A person may protest an application under this subsection to provide transportation only on the ground that the applicant fails or will fail to comply with this subtitle, the regulations of the Commission, safety requirements of the Commission, or the safety fitness or minimum financial responsibility requirements of paragraph (1).

(c)(1) A person must file an application with the Commission for a permit to provide transportation as a contract carrier or to provide service as a households 2 goods freight forwarder. The Commission may approve any part of the application or deny the application. The application must—

(A) be under oath;

(B) contain information required by Commission regulations; and

(C) be served on persons designated by the Commission.


(2) The provisions of paragraph (2) of subsection (a) of this section shall not apply to applications under this section for authority to provide transportation as a motor contract carrier of passengers. The requirement that persons issued permits under this section as motor contract carriers of passengers be fit, willing, and able means safety fitness and proof of minimum financial responsibility under section 18 3 of the Bus Regulatory Reform Act of 1982.

(3) In deciding whether to approve the application of a person for a permit as a motor contract carrier of household goods, the Commission shall consider—

(A) the nature of the transportation proposed to be provided;

(B) the effect that granting the permit would have on the protesting carriers if such grant would endanger or impair their operations to an extent contrary to the public interest;

(C) the effect that denying the permit would have on the person applying for the permit, its shippers, or both; and

(D) the changing character of the requirements of those shippers.


(4) No motor carrier of property may protest an application to provide transportation as a motor contract carrier of household goods filed under this section unless—

(A)(i) it possesses authority to handle, in whole or in part, the traffic for which authority is applied;

(ii) it is willing and able to provide service that meets the reasonable needs of the shippers involved; and

(iii) it has performed service within the scope of the application during the previous 12-month period or has, actively in good faith, solicited service within the scope of the application during such period;

(B) it has pending before the Commission an application filed prior in time to the application being considered for substantially the same traffic; or

(C) the Commission grants leave to intervene upon a showing of other interests that are not contrary to the transportation policy set forth in section 10101(a) of this title.


(5) With respect to applications of persons for permits as motor contract carriers of household goods, the Commission may not make a finding relating to the public interest under subsection (a)(2) of this section which is based upon general findings developed in rulemaking proceedings.

(6) The Commission may not deny any part of an application for a households 4 goods freight forwarder permit filed by a corporation controlled by, or under common control with—

(A) a common carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter I, II, or III of chapter 105 of this title, because of the relationship between the corporation and that carrier; and

(B) a common carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter I of chapter 105 only because the service to be provided by the corporation will compete with service provided by another households 4 goods freight forwarder subject to subchapter IV of that chapter.


(d) Each permit issued to a person—

(1) to provide transportation as a motor contract carrier is subject to section 10927(a) of this title and shall specify the transportation to be provided by the carrier;

(2) to provide transportation as a water contract carrier shall specify the transportation to be provided by the carrier; and

(3) to provide service as a households 4 goods freight forwarder shall specify the nature or general description about which the service is to be provided, the area in which, and the areas between which, the service may be provided by the households 4 goods freight forwarder.


(e)(1) The Commission may prescribe necessary conditions under which a contract carrier of passengers or household goods or households 4 goods freight forwarder provides transportation or service, except that in the case of a motor contract carrier of property, the Commission may not require such carrier to limit its operations to carriage for a particular industry or within a particular geographic area. The Commission may prescribe the conditions when the permit is issued and at any time thereafter.

(2) The permit for a motor contract carrier shall specify necessary conditions, including in the case of a motor contract carrier of passengers, the number of persons, for which the carrier may provide transportation—

(A) to ensure that the carrier provides transportation as a motor contract carrier and within the scope of the permit; and

(B) to carry out requirements established by the Commission under this subtitle.


(3) Subject to the permit and its conditions, a motor contract carrier may substitute or add to its equipment and facilities as requests for its transportation develop. The Commission may not prescribe a condition preventing—

(A) a water contract carrier from substituting or adding contracts within the scope of the permit to satisfy the requirements of business development and public demand; and

(B) a water contract carrier or households 4 goods freight forwarder from adding to its equipment and facilities, and transportation or service, as the case may be, within the scope of the permit to satisfy the requirements of business development and public demand.


(f) A motor contract carrier of property may deliver to or receive from a rail carrier a trailer moving in trailer-on-flat-car service at any point on the route of the rail carrier if the motor carrier is authorized to serve the origin and destination points of the traffic.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1410; Pub. L. 96–258, §1(9), June 3, 1980, 94 Stat. 426; Pub. L. 96–296, §§10(a)(2), (3), 34(b), July 1, 1980, 94 Stat. 799, 800, 825; Pub. L. 97–261, §13(a), Sept. 20, 1982, 96 Stat. 1114; Pub. L. 99–521, §8(a)(1), (2), Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2996; Pub. L. 103–311, title II, §208, Aug. 26, 1994, 108 Stat. 1687.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Pub. L. 95–473
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10923(a), (b) 49:309(b) (1st–3d sentences). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §209(b) (less last proviso); added Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 553; Aug. 22, 1957, Pub. L. 85–163, §2, 71 Stat. 411.
  49:909(g) (1st and 2d sentences). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §309(g); added Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §201, 54 Stat. 943.
  49:1010(b), (c) (less 2d sentence, words before semicolon), (d). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §410(b), (c) (less 2d sentence, words before semicolon), (d), (e); added May 16, 1942, ch. 318, §1, 56 Stat. 291, 293; Aug. 28, 1957, Pub. L. 85–176, §1, 71 Stat. 452.
10923(c), (d) 49:309(b) (less 1st–3d sentences and last proviso).
  49:909(g) (less 1st and 2d sentences).
  49:1010(e).

The words "provide transportation" are substituted for "perform the service" in 49:309(b) and 49:909(g), and the word "transportation" is substituted for "business" in 49:309(b) and for "operations" in 49:909(g), for consistency and as being more precise because the jurisdictional grant to the Interstate Commerce Commission under subchapters II and III of chapter 105 of the revised title is jurisdiction over transportation.

In the introductory matter of subsection (a), before clause (1), the words "authorizing the person to provide" are inserted for clarity. The words "qualified applicant therefor" in 49:309(b) and 49:1010(c) are omitted as unnecessary in view of the provisions of the section specifying the necessary qualifications of motor contract carriers and freight forwarders. The words "if it appears from the applications or from any hearing held thereon" in 49:309(b) are omitted for consistency and as unnecessary in view of the provisions of the subtitle related to Commission procedures.

In subsection (a)(1), the word "fit" is substituted for "ready" in 49:1010(c) as being more precise and for consistency. The word "properly" is omitted as surplus. The words "to be authorized by the permit" are substituted for "to perform the service proposed" in 49:909(g) and 49:1010(c) for clarity in view of the authority of the Commission to approve only part of an application. The words "requirements, rules" in 49:309(b) and 49:909(g) are omitted as being included in "regulations" and for consistency. The words "comply with this subtitle and regulations of the Commission" are made applicable to 49:1010(c) for consistency and as being necessarily implied in view of section 10321(a) of the revised title giving the Commission general authority to carry out the subtitle.

In subsection (a)(2), the words "is or" are inserted in 49:309(b) and 49:909(g) for consistency.

In subsection (b), the words "shall be in such form and" are omitted as unnecessary in view of section 10321(a) of the revised title giving the Commission general authority to carry out the subtitle.

In subsections (c) and (d), the word "provide" is substituted for "perform" in 49:1010(e) for consistency.

In subsection (c)(1), the words "subject to section 10927(a) of this title" are inserted for clarity.

In subsection (c)(2), the words "consistent with the character of the holder as a contract carrier by water" in 49:909(g) are omitted as unnecessary and for consistency.

In subsection (c)(3), the words "area" and "areas" are substituted for "territory" and "territories", respectively, in 49:1010(e) for consistency. The words "under authority of such permit" in 49:1010(e) are omitted as unnecessary.

In subsection (d), the words "reasonable terms" and "limitations" are omitted as unnecessary. The words "to the exercise of the privileges granted" in 49:1010(e) are omitted as surplus.

Pub. L. 96–258

This amends section 10923(b)(2) to make a technical change to conform to the source provision by setting out the 5 criteria separately.

References in Text

Section 18 of the Bus Regulatory Reform Act of 1982, referred to in subsec. (c)(2), is section 18 of Pub. L. 97–261, of which subsecs. (a) to (g) were formerly set out as a note under section 10927 of this title and subsec. (h) amended section 10927 of this title. Section 18(a)–(g) was repealed and reenacted as section 31138 of this title by Pub. L. 103–272, §§1(e), 7(b), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1005, 1379, the first section of which enacted subtitles II, III, and V to X of this title.

Amendments

1994—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 103–311, §208(a), inserted "of household goods or passengers" after "motor contract carrier".

Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 103–311, §208(b), added subsec. (b). Former subsec. (b) redesignated (c).

Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 103–311, §208(b), redesignated subsec. (b) as (c). Former subsec. (c) redesignated (d).

Subsec. (c)(3), (4). Pub. L. 103–311, §208(c)(1), substituted "motor contract carrier of household goods" for "motor contract carrier of property" in introductory provisions.

Subsec. (c)(5). Pub. L. 103–311, §208(c)(3), substituted "motor contract carriers of household goods" for "motor contract carriers of property".

Pub. L. 103–311, §208(c)(2), redesignated par. (6) as (5) and struck out former par. (5) which read as follows:

"(5)(A) The provisions of paragraph (2) of subsection (a) of this section and paragraph (3) of this subsection shall not apply to applications under this section for authority to provide transportation by motor vehicle of food and other edible products (including edible byproducts but excluding alcoholic beverages and drugs) intended for human consumption, agricultural limestone and other soil conditioners, and agricultural fertilizers if—

"(i) such transportation is provided with the owner of the motor vehicle in such vehicle, except in emergency situations; and

"(ii) after issuance of the permit, such transportation (measured by tonnage) does not exceed, on an annual basis, the transportation provided by the motor vehicle (measured by tonnage) which is exempt from the jurisdiction of the Commission under section 10526(a)(6) of this title and the owner of the motor vehicle certifies to the Commission annually that he is complying with the provisions of this subparagraph and provides to the Commission such information and records as the Commission may require.

"(B) The Commission shall streamline and simplify, to the maximum extent practicable, the process for issuance of permits to which the provisions of subparagraph (A) of this paragraph apply."

Subsec. (c)(6), (7). Pub. L. 103–311, §208(c)(2), redesignated pars. (6) and (7) as (5) and (6), respectively.

Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 103–311, §208(b), redesignated subsec. (c) as (d). Former subsec. (d) redesignated (e).

Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 103–311, §208(b), redesignated subsec. (d) as (e). Former subsec. (e) redesignated (f).

Subsec. (e)(1). Pub. L. 103–311, §208(d)(1), which directed insertion of "of passengers or household goods" after "contract carrier", was executed by making the insertion after "contract carrier" first time it appears to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

Subsec. (e)(2). Pub. L. 103–311, §208(d)(2), substituted "in the case of a motor contract carrier of passengers, the number of persons," for "each person or class of persons (and, in the case of a motor contract carrier of passengers, the number of persons)".

Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 103–311, §208(b), redesignated subsec. (e) as (f).

1986Pub. L. 99–521 inserted "household goods" before "freight forwarders" in section catchline, and inserted "households goods" before "freight forwarder" wherever appearing in text.

1982—Subsec. (b)(2). Pub. L. 97–261 substituted provision that par. (2) of subsec. (a) of this section shall not apply to applications under this section for authority to provide transportation as a motor contract carrier of passengers, and that the requirement that persons issued permits under this section as motor contract carriers of passengers be fit, willing, and able means safety fitness and proof of minimum financial responsibility under section 18 of the Bus Regulatory Reform Act of 1982, for provision that in deciding whether to approve the application of a person for a permit as a motor contract carrier of passengers, the Commission would consider the number of shippers to be served by the carrier, the nature of the transportation proposed to be provided, the effect that granting the permit would have on the transportation of carriers protesting the granting of the permit, the effect that denying the permit would have on the person applying for the permit, its shippers, or both, and the changing character of the requirements of those shippers.

1980—Subsec. (b)(2). Pub. L. 96–296, §10(a)(2)(A), inserted "of passengers" after "motor contract carrier".

Pub. L. 96–258, in subpar. (D), substituted "; and" for ", and the changing character of the requirements of those shippers." and added subpar. (E).

Subsec. (b)(3). Pub. L. 96–296, §10(a)(2)(B), added par. (3). Former par. (3) redesignated (7).

Subsec. (b)(4) to (6). Pub. L. 96–296, §10(a)(2)(B), added pars. (4) to (6).

Subsec. (b)(7). Pub. L. 96–296, §10(a)(2)(B), redesignated former par. (3) as (7).

Subsec. (d)(1). Pub. L. 96–296, §10(a)(3)(A), inserted ", except that in the case of a motor contract carrier of property, the Commission may not require such carrier to limit its operations to carriage for a particular industry or within a particular geographic area" after "or service".

Subsec. (d)(2). Pub. L. 96–296, §10(a)(3)(B), substituted "including each person or class of persons (and, in the case of a motor contract carrier of passengers, the number of persons)" for "including each person or number or class of persons".

Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 96–296, §34(b), added subsec. (e).

Effective Date of 1994 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 103–311 effective Jan. 1, 1995, see section 212 of Pub. L. 103–311, set out as a note under section 10101 of this title.

Effective Date of 1986 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 99–521 effective 60 days after Oct. 22, 1986, see section 15 of Pub. L. 99–521, set out as a note under section 10102 of this title.

Effective Date of 1982 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 97–261 effective on 60th day after Sept. 20, 1982, see section 31(a) of Pub. L. 97–261, set out as a note under section 10101 of this title.

Effective Date of 1980 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 96–258 effective Oct. 17, 1978, see section 3(d) of Pub. L. 96–258, set out as a note under section 10525 of this title.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in sections 10328, 10528, 10530, 10762, 10922, 10925, 10926, 10927, 11145, 11304, 11506, 11708 of this title.

1 So in original. Probably should be "household".

2 So in original. Probably should be "household".

3 See References in Text note below.

4 So in original. Probably should be "household".

§10924. Licenses of motor carrier brokers

(a) The Interstate Commerce Commission shall issue, subject to section 10927(b) of this title, a license to a person authorizing the person to be a broker for transportation of household goods subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II of chapter 105 of this title, if the Commission finds that—

(1) the person is fit, willing, and able—

(A) to be a broker for transportation to be authorized by the license; and

(B) to comply with this subtitle and regulations of the Commission; and


(2) the transportation for which the person is to be a broker will be consistent with the public interest and the transportation policy of section 10101 of this title.


(b) The Interstate Commerce Commission shall issue, subject to section 10927(b) of this title, a license to a person authorizing the person to be a broker for transportation of property (other than household goods) subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II of chapter 105 of this title, if the Commission finds that the person is fit, willing, and able—

(1) to be a broker for transportation to be authorized by the license; and

(2) to comply with this subtitle and regulations of the Commission.


(c)(1) The broker may provide the transportation itself only if the broker also has been issued a certificate or permit to provide the transportation under this subchapter. A broker may use only the transportation of a motor carrier holding a certificate or permit issued under this subchapter.

(2) This subsection does not apply to a motor carrier having a certificate or permit issued under this subchapter or to an employee or agent of the motor carrier to the extent the transportation is to be provided entirely by the motor carrier, with other motor carriers holding certificates or permits, or with rail, express, or water common carriers.

(d) A person must file an application with the Commission for a license to be a broker for motor carrier transportation. The Commission may approve the application or any part of it, or deny the application.

(e) Commission regulations shall provide for the protection of shippers by motor vehicle, to be observed by brokers.

(f) The Commission may impose on brokers for motor carriers of passengers such requirements for bonds or insurance or both as the Commission determines are needed to protect passengers and carriers dealing with such brokers.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1412; Pub. L. 96–296, §17(a), July 1, 1980, 94 Stat. 810; Pub. L. 97–261, §14(a)–(c), Sept. 20, 1982, 96 Stat. 1114; Pub. L. 103–272, §4(j)(28), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1370.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10924(a), (c) 49:311(b). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §211(a) (words after 1st colon), (b), (c) (words before 2d comma); added Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 554; Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §16, 54 Stat. 919.
10924(b) 49:311(a) (words after 1st colon).
10924(d) 49:311(c) (words before 2d comma).

The words "requirements, rules" are omitted as being included in regulations and for consistency. The words "reasonable rules and regulations" are omitted in view of section 10321(a) of the revised title giving the Interstate Commerce Commission general authority to carry out the subtitle.

In subsection (a), the last sentence of 49:311(b) is omitted as executed. The words "subject to section 10927(b) of this title" are inserted for clarity. The words "qualified applicant therefor" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the provisions of the section specifying the necessary qualifications of brokers.

In subsection (a)(1), the word "properly" is omitted as surplus. The words "to be authorized by the license" are substituted for "to perform the service proposed" for clarity in view of the authority of the Commission to approve only part of an application.

In subsection (b)(2), the word "motor" is inserted before "carrier" the first time it appears for clarity. The words "bona fide" are omitted as unnecessary.

Amendments

1994—Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 103–272 inserted "of" after "protection".

1982—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 97–261, §14(a), struck out "passengers or" after "for transportation of".

Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 97–261, §14(b), struck out "of travelers and" after "for the protection".

Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 97–261, §14(c), added subsec. (f).

1980—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 96–296, §17(a)(1), substituted "transportation of passengers or household goods subject" for "transportation subject".

Subsecs. (b) to (e). Pub. L. 96–296, §17(a)(2), added subsec. (b) and redesignated former subsecs. (b) to (d) as (c) to (e), respectively.

Effective Date of 1982 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 97–261 effective on 60th day after Sept. 20, 1982, see section 31(a) of Pub. L. 97–261, set out as a note under section 10101 of this title.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in sections 10328, 10526, 10925, 10927, 11708 of this title.

§10925. Effective periods of certificates, permits, and licenses

(a) Each certificate, permit, and license issued under section 10922, 10923, or 10924 of this title is effective from the date specified in it and remains in effect except as otherwise provided in this section.

(b) On application of the holder of a certificate, permit, or license, the Interstate Commerce Commission may amend or revoke any part of the certificate, permit, or license. On complaint or on its own initiative and after notice and an opportunity for a proceeding, the Commission may suspend, amend, or revoke any part of a certificate, permit, or license—

(1) if a motor carrier, broker, or household goods freight forwarder, for willful failure to comply with this subtitle, a regulation or order of the Commission, or a condition of its certificate, permit, or license; and

(2) if a water carrier, for willful failure to comply with section 10701(a) or 11101(a) of this title, a regulation or order of the Commission, or a condition of its certificate or permit.


(c)(1) Except on application of the holder, the Commission may revoke a certificate or permit of a motor carrier or household goods freight forwarder, or a license of a broker, only after the Commission has issued an order to the holder under section 11701 of this title requiring compliance with this subtitle, a regulation of the Commission, or a condition of the certificate, permit, or license of the holder, and the holder willfully does not comply with the order.

(2) Except on application of the holder, the Commission may suspend, amend, or revoke a certificate or permit of a water carrier only after the Commission has issued an order to the holder under section 11701 of this title requiring compliance with section 10701(a) or 11101(a) of this title, and the holder willfully does not comply with the order.

(3) The Commission may act under paragraph (1) or (2) of this subsection only after giving the holder of the certificate, permit, or license at least 30 days to comply with the order.

(d)(1) Without regard to subchapter II of chapter 103 of this title and subchapter II of chapter 5 of title 5, the Commission may suspend a certificate or permit of a motor carrier, a permit of a household goods freight forwarder, or a license of a broker—

(A) if a motor carrier of passengers, motor common carrier of household goods, or broker, for failure to comply with section 10701, 10702, 10761, 10762, 10924(e), or 10927(b) or (d) of this title, or an order or regulation of the Commission prescribed under those sections;

(B) if a motor contract carrier of property, for failure to comply with safety requirements of the Commission or the safety fitness requirements pursuant to section 10701, 10924(e), 10927(b) or (d), or 31144,1 of this title;

(C) if a motor common carrier of property other than household goods, for failure to comply with safety requirements of the Commission or the safety fitness requirements pursuant to section 10701, 10702, 10924(e), 10927(b) or (d), or 31144 of this title; and

(D) if a household goods freight forwarder, for failure to comply with section 10762 or 10927(c) or (d) of this title, or an order or regulation of the Commission prescribed under those sections.


(2) Without regard to subchapter II of chapter 103 of this title and subchapter II of chapter 5 of title 5, upon petition by the Secretary of Transportation, the Commission may suspend a certificate or permit of a motor carrier of passengers if the Commission finds that such carrier has been conducting unsafe operations which are an imminent hazard to public health or property.

(3) The Commission may suspend the certificate, permit, or license only after it gives notice of the suspension to the holder at least 15 days before the date the suspension is to begin. The suspension remains in effect until the holder complies with those applicable sections or, in the case of a suspension under paragraph (2) of this subsection, until the Commission revokes such suspension.

(e)(1) On application of a motor contract carrier who holds a permit issued under section 10923 of this title, or on complaint of a competing motor common carrier who holds a certificate under section 10922 of this title, or on its own initiative, if the Commission, after notice and an opportunity for a proceeding, determines that the operations under the permit or any part thereof—

(A) do not conform with the operations of a motor contract carrier; and

(B) are those of a motor common carrier;


the Commission may amend or revoke such permit or part thereof to conform the operations under such permit or part thereof to the operations of a motor contract carrier.

(2) The Commission may issue in place of any permit or part thereof revoked under this subsection a certificate under section 10922 of this title which authorizes the holder of such certificate to provide as a motor common carrier the same type of transportation between the same points or within the same territory as authorized in the permit or part thereof.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1412; Pub. L. 96–296, §§10(e), 17(b), July 1, 1980, 94 Stat. 801, 811; Pub. L. 97–261, §§13(b), 22, Sept. 20, 1982, 96 Stat. 1114, 1123; Pub. L. 97–449, §5(g)(6), Jan. 12, 1983, 96 Stat. 2443; Pub. L. 99–521, §8(b), Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2996; Pub. L. 103–311, title II, §209, Aug. 26, 1994, 108 Stat. 1688.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10925(a) 49:312(a) (1st sentence). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §212(a); added Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 555; restated June 29, 1938, ch. 811, §11, 52 Stat. 1238; Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §21(c), 54 Stat. 924; Oct. 15, 1966, Pub. L. 89–670, §8(d), 80 Stat. 943.
  49:912a(1). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §312a; added Sept. 6, 1965, Pub. L. 89–170, §8, 79 Stat. 652.
  49:1010(f) (1st sentence). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §410(f); added May 16, 1942, ch. 318, §1, 56 Stat. 292.
10925(b) 49:312(a) (2d sentence less provisos).
  49:912a(2) (less proviso).
  49:1010(f) (2d sentence less provisos).
10925(c) 49:312(a) (2d sentence 1st proviso).
  49:912a(2) (proviso).
  49:1010(f) (2d sentence 1st proviso).
10925(d) 49:312(a) (2d sentence 2d proviso).
  49:1010(f) (2d sentence 2d proviso).

In subsection (a), the words "except as otherwise provided in this section" are substituted for "until suspended or terminated as herein provided" in 49:312(a) and 49:1010(f) and for "until suspended or revoked as provided in this section" in 49:912a, for clarity.

In subsections (b) and (c), the word "amend" is substituted for "changed" in 49:312a(a) and 49:912a and for "modified" in 49:1010(f) for consistency.

In subsection (b), the words "in the discretion of the Commission" are omitted as surplus. The words "after notice and an opportunity for a proceeding" are substituted for "after notice and hearing" in 49:312(a) and 49:1010(f), and for "after reasonable notice and opportunity for hearing" in 49:912a, for clarity and consistency.

In subsections (b)(1) and (c)(1), the words "term", "lawful", "rule", and "or limitation" in 49:312(a) and 49:1010(f) are omitted for consistency and to eliminate surplus language.

In subsections (b)(2) and (c)(2), the words "section 10701(a) or 11101(a) of this title" are substituted for "section 905(a) of this title with respect to performing, providing, and furnishing transportation upon reasonable request therefor" in each place in 49:1010(f) as the result of the codification of 49:905(a) to those sections and to eliminate surplus language.

In subsection (d), the words "Without regard to subchapter II of chapter 103 of this title and subchapter II of chapter 5 of title 5" are substituted for "without hearing or other proceedings" as being more precise. The words "lawful" and "rule or" are omitted for consistency and to eliminate surplus language.

Amendments

1994—Subsec. (d)(1)(A). Pub. L. 103–311, §209(1), (2), substituted "if a motor carrier of passengers, motor common carrier of household goods, or broker" for "if a motor carrier or broker" and struck out "and" at end.

Subsec. (d)(1)(B) to (D). Pub. L. 103–311, §209(2), (3), added subpars. (B) and (C) and redesignated former subpar. (B) as (D).

1986—Subsecs. (b)(1), (c)(1), (d)(1). Pub. L. 99–521 inserted "household goods" before "freight forwarder" wherever appearing.

1983—Subsec. (d)(1). Pub. L. 97–449 inserted "or permit" after "certificate".

1982—Subsec. (d)(2), (3). Pub. L. 97–261, §22, added par. (2), redesignated former par. (2) as (3), and in par. (3), as so redesignated, inserted provision that a suspension under par. (2) of subsec. (d) remains in effect until the Commission revokes it.

Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 97–261, §13(b), struck out "of property" after "carrier" wherever appearing and substituted "section 10922" for "section 10922(b)" wherever appearing, and in par. (2) struck out "transportation" after "provide" and substituted "the same type of transportation" for "of the same property".

1980—Subsec. (d)(1)(A). Pub. L. 96–296, §17(b), substituted "section 10924(e) of this title" for "section 10924(d) of this title".

Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 96–296, §10(e), added subsec. (e).

Effective Date of 1986 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 99–521 effective 60 days after Oct. 22, 1986, see section 15 of Pub. L. 99–521, set out as a note under section 10102 of this title.

Effective Date of 1982 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 97–261 effective on 60th day after Sept. 20, 1982, see section 31(a) of Pub. L. 97–261, set out as a note under section 10101 of this title.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in sections 10922, 10931, 10932, 10935 of this title.

1 So in original. The comma probably should not appear.

§10926. Transfers of certificates and permits

Except as provided in this subtitle, a certificate or permit issued under section 10922 or 10923 of this title

(1) if a certificate or permit of a motor carrier, may be transferred under regulations of the Interstate Commerce Commission;

(2) if a certificate or permit of a water carrier, may be transferred under regulations prescribed by the Commission to protect the public interest and to ensure compliance with this subtitle; and

(3) if a permit of a household goods freight forwarder, may be transferred under regulations prescribed by the Commission to ensure compliance with this subtitle, if the Commission finds that the person to whom the permit is to be transferred satisfies section 10923(a) and (b) 1 of this title. However, if the proposed transfer would affect the interests of employees of a household goods freight forwarder, the Commission shall require a fair and equitable arrangement to protect the interests of those employees before the transfer is effective.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1413; Pub. L. 99–521, §8(c), Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2996.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10926(1) 49:312(b). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §212(b); added Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 555; Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §21(d), 54 Stat. 924.
10926(2) 49:912. Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §312; added Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §201, 54 Stat. 944.
10926(3) 49:1010(g). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §410(g); added May 16, 1942, ch. 318, §1, 56 Stat. 292.

In the introductory matter before clause (1), the words "in this subtitle" are substituted for "in section 5 of this title" for consistency and as being more precise in view of other sections of the subtitle limiting the authority to transfer.

In clauses (1) and (3), the words "rules and" are omitted as surplus.

In clause (3), the words "or any right to engage in service subject to this chapter pending disposition of any application made to the Commission for a permit" are omitted as executed in view of 49:1010(a)(1) that provided for freight forwarder operations for a limited period of time after enactment of 49:1010 on May 16, 1942, and that period has expired. The words "and any right to a permit when issued" are omitted as unnecessary.

References in Text

Section 10923(b) of this title, referred to in par. (3), was redesignated section 10923(c), and a new section 10923(b) was added, by Pub. L. 103–311, title II, §208(b), Aug. 26, 1994, 108 Stat. 1687.

Amendments

1986—Par. (3). Pub. L. 99–521 inserted "household goods" before "freight forwarder" wherever appearing.

Effective Date of 1986 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 99–521 effective 60 days after Oct. 22, 1986, see section 15 of Pub. L. 99–521, set out as a note under section 10102 of this title.

1 See References in Text note below.

§10927. Security of motor carriers, brokers, and freight forwarders

(a)(1) The Commission may issue a certificate under section 10922 or 10530 or a permit under section 10923 only if the carrier (including a motor private carrier and a foreign motor private carrier) applying for such certificate files with the Commission a bond, insurance policy, or other type of security approved by the Commission, in an amount not less than such amount as the Secretary of Transportation prescribes pursuant to, or as is required by, section 30 1 of the Motor Carrier Act of 1980, section 18 1 of the Bus Regulatory Reform Act of 1982, and the laws of the State or States in which the carrier is operating, to the extent applicable. The security must be sufficient to pay, not more than the amount of the security, for each final judgment against the carrier for bodily injury to, or death of, an individual resulting from the negligent operation, maintenance, or use of motor vehicles under the certificate or permit, or for loss or damage to property (except property referred to in paragraph (3) of this subsection), or both. A certificate or permit remains in effect only as long as the carrier satisfies the requirements of this paragraph.

(2) A motor carrier and a foreign motor private carrier and foreign motor carrier (as defined under section 10530(a)) operating in the United States when providing transportation between places in a foreign country or between a place in one foreign country and a place in another foreign country shall comply with the requirements of sections 10329 and 10330 that apply to a motor carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II of chapter 105 of this title. To protect the public, the Commission may require any such motor carrier to file the type of security that a motor carrier is required to file under paragraph (1) of this subsection.

(3) The Commission may require a motor common carrier providing transportation under a certificate to file with the Commission a type of security sufficient to pay a shipper or consignee for damage to property of the shipper or consignee placed in the possession of the motor common carrier as the result of transportation provided under this subtitle. A carrier required by law to pay a shipper or consignee for loss, damage, or default for which a connecting motor common carrier is responsible is subrogated, to the extent of the amount paid, to the rights of the shipper or consignee under any such security.

(b) The Commission may issue a broker's license to a person under section 10924 of this title only if the person files with the Commission a bond, insurance policy, or other type of security approved by the Commission to ensure that the transportation for which a broker arranges is provided. The license remains in effect only as long as the broker complies with this subsection.

(c)(1) The Commission may require a household goods freight forwarder providing service under a permit issued under section 10923 of this title to file with the Commission a bond, insurance policy, or other type of security approved by the Commission. The security must be sufficient to pay, not more than the amount of the security, for each final judgment against the household goods freight forwarder for bodily injury to, or death of, an individual, or loss of, or damage to, property (other than property referred to in paragraph (2) of this subsection), resulting from the negligent operation, maintenance, or use of motor vehicles by or under the direction and control of the household goods freight forwarder when providing transfer, collection, or delivery service under this subtitle.

(2) The Commission may require a household goods freight forwarder providing service under a permit or a freight forwarder to file with the Commission a bond, insurance policy, or other type of security approved by the Commission sufficient to pay, not more than the amount of the security, for loss of, or damage to, property for which the freight forwarder provides service.

(d) The Commission may determine the type and amount of security filed with it under this section.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1413; Pub. L. 96–296, §29, July 1, 1980, 94 Stat. 820; Pub. L. 97–261, §18(h), Sept. 20, 1982, 96 Stat. 1121; Pub. L. 98–554, title II, §226(c)(2), (3), Oct. 30, 1984, 98 Stat. 2851; Pub. L. 99–521, §8(d), Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2996; Pub. L. 100–690, title IX, §9111(h), Nov. 18, 1988, 102 Stat. 4534; Pub. L. 103–272, §5(m)(26), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1378.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10927(a)(1) 49:315 (1st sentence related to filing security). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §215; added Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 557; July 22, 1954, ch. 563, §2, 68 Stat. 526.
10927(a)(2) 49:303(a)(11) (last sentence). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §203(a)(11) (last sentence); added July 22, 1954, ch. 563, §1, 68 Stat. 526.
  49:315 (last sentence).
10927(a)(3) 49:315 (2d and 3d sentences related to filing security).
10927(b) 49:311(c) (words after 2d comma). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §211(c) (words after 2d comma); added Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 554.
10927(c)(1) 49:1003(d) (related to filing security). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §403(c), (d); added May 16, 1942, ch. 318, §1, 56 Stat. 285.
10927(c)(2) 49:1003(c) (related to filing security).
10927(d) 49:315 (related to kind and amount of security).
  49:1003(c), (d) (related to kind and amount of security).

In subsection (a), the word "reasonable" is omitted as unnecessary. The words "rules and regulations as the Commission shall prescribe", "rules and regulations as it shall prescribe" and "regulations" are omitted in view of section 10321(a) of the revised title giving the Interstate Commerce Commission general authority to carry out the subtitle.

In subsection (a)(1), the word "each" is inserted for clarity. The phrase "(except property referred to in paragraph (3) of this subsection)" is inserted for clarity and consistency.

In subsection (a)(2), the words "and these provisions of section 304 of this title which relate to qualifications and maximum hours of service of employees and safety of operation and equipment" in the last sentence of 49:303(a)(11) are omitted because, under section 6(e)(6)(C) of Public Law 89–670, those provisions were transferred to the Secretary of Transportation. The balance of that sentence is omitted as unnecessary in view of this subsection since it specifically gives authority to impose requirements under the circumstances referred to in the last sentence.

In subsection (a)(3), the words "motor common carrier providing transportation under a certificate" are substituted for "such common carrier" for clarity. The words "in its discretion" and "legally" are omitted as surplus. The word "service" is omitted for consistency and because the jurisdictional grant to the Commission under subchapter II of chapter 105 of the revised title is jurisdiction over transportation and service is included in the definition of "transportation".

In subsection (b), the words "in such form and amount" are omitted as unnecessary in view of section 10321(a) of the revised title giving the Commission general authority to carry out the subtitle.

In subsection (c), the words "to prescribe reasonable rules and regulations" are omitted in view of section 10321(a) of the revised title giving the Commission general authority to carry out the subtitle. The word "providing" is substituted for "performance" for consistency.

References in Text

Section 30 of the Motor Carrier Act of 1980, referred to in subsec. (a)(1), is section 30 of Pub. L. 96–296, which was formerly set out as a note below and was repealed and reenacted as section 31139 of this title by Pub. L. 103–272, §§1(e), 7(b), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1006, 1379, the first section of which enacted subtitles II, III, and V to X of this title.

Section 18 of the Bus Regulatory Reform Act of 1982, referred to in subsec. (a)(1), is section 18 of Pub. L. 97–261, of which subsecs. (a) to (g) were formerly set out as a note below and subsec. (h) amended subsec. (a)(1) of this section. Section 18(a)–(g) was repealed and reenacted as section 31138 of this title by Pub. L. 103–272, §§1(e), 7(b), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1005, 1379, the first section of which enacted subtitles II, III, and V to X of this title.

Amendments

1994—Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 103–272 inserted "section" before "10923".

1988—Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 100–690, §9111(h)(1), inserted first sentence and struck out former first sentence which read as follows: "The Interstate Commerce Commission may issue a certificate or permit to a motor carrier under section 10922 or 10923 of this title and a certificate of registration to a motor carrier or motor private carrier under section 10530 of this title only if the carrier files with the Commission a bond, insurance policy, or other type of security approved by the Commission, in an amount not less than such amount as the Secretary of Transportation prescribes pursuant to, or as is required by, the provisions of section 30 the Motor Carrier Act of 1980, in the case of a motor carrier of property, section 18 of the Bus Regulatory Reform Act of 1982, in the case of a motor carrier of passengers, or the laws of the State or States in which the carrier is operating, in the case of a motor private carrier."

Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 100–690, §9111(h)(2), substituted "and foreign motor carrier (as defined under section 10530(a))" for "(as such term is defined under section 10530(a)(3) of this title)".

1986—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 99–521 inserted "household goods" before "freight forwarder" wherever appearing in par. (1), and in par. (2) inserted "household goods" before first reference to "freight forwarder", inserted "or a freight forwarder" after "permit", and struck out "under this subtitle" after "provides service".

1984—Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 98–554, §226(c)(2), inserted "and a certificate of registration to a motor carrier or motor private carrier under section 10530 of this title" after "10923 of this title", struck out "or" before "section 18 of the Bus Regulatory Reform Act of 1982", and inserted ", or the laws of the State or States in which the carrier is operating, in the case of a motor private carrier" at end of first sentence.

Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 98–554, §226(c)(3), inserted "and a foreign motor private carrier (as such term is defined under section 10530(a)(3) of this title)" after "A motor carrier".

1982—Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 97–261 inserted ", in the case of a motor carrier of property, or section 18 of the Bus Regulatory Reform Act of 1982, in the case of a motor carrier of passengers" after "Motor Carrier Act of 1980".

1980—Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 96–296 substituted "approved by the Commission, in an amount not less than such amount as the Secretary of Transportation prescribes pursuant to, or as is required by, the provisions of section 30 the Motor Carrier Act of 1980" for "approved by the Commission".

Effective Date of 1988 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 100–690 effective Jan. 1, 1990, see section 9111(k) of Pub. L. 100–690, set out as a note under section 10530 of this title.

Effective Date of 1986 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 99–521 effective 60 days after Oct. 22, 1986, see section 15 of Pub. L. 99–521, set out as a note under section 10102 of this title.

Effective Date of 1984 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 98–554 effective May 1, 1985, except as otherwise provided, see section 226(d) of Pub. L. 98–554, set out as an Effective Date note under section 10530 of this title.

Effective Date of 1982 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 97–261 effective on 60th day after Sept. 20, 1982, see section 31(a) of Pub. L. 97–261, set out as a note under section 10101 of this title.

Financial Responsibility

Section 18(a)–(g) of Pub. L. 97–261, as amended by Pub. L. 98–554, title II, §224, Oct. 30, 1984, 98 Stat. 2847, which directed Secretary of Transportation to establish regulations to require minimal levels of financial responsibility sufficient to satisfy liability amounts to be determined by Secretary covering public liability and property damage for transportation of passengers for hire by motor vehicle in the United States from place in State to place in another State, from place in State to another place in such State through place outside such State, and between place in State and place outside of United States, was repealed and reenacted as section 31138 of this title by Pub. L. 103–272, §§1(e), 7(b), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1005, 1379.

Minimum Financial Responsibility for Motor Carriers Engaged in Transportation of Property for Hire for Public Liability, Property Damage, and Environmental Restoration; Oil or Hazardous Materials, Substances, or Wastes; Penalty; Report to Congress; Vehicles Affected; Definitions

Section 30 of Pub. L. 96–296, as amended by Pub. L. 97–424, title IV, §406, Jan. 6, 1983, 96 Stat. 2158; Pub. L. 98–554, title II, §222, Oct. 30, 1984, 98 Stat. 2846; Pub. L. 100–690, title IX, §9112, Nov. 18, 1988, 102 Stat. 4534; Pub. L. 101–615, §23, Nov. 16, 1990, 104 Stat. 3272, which related to minimum financial responsibility for motor carriers engaged in transportation of property for hire for public liability, property damage, and environmental restoration, oil or hazardous materials, substances or wastes, penalties, reports to Congress, vehicles affected, and pertinent definitions, was repealed and reenacted as section 31139 of this title by Pub. L. 103–272, §§1(e), 7(b), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1006, 1379.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in sections 10505, 10922, 10923, 10924, 10925, 11708 of this title.

1 See References in Text note below.

§10928. Temporary authority for motor and water carriers

(a) Without regard to subchapter II of chapter 103 of this title and subchapter II of chapter 5 of title 5, the Interstate Commerce Commission may grant a water carrier temporary authority to provide transportation to a place or in an area having, respectively, no water carrier capable of meeting the immediate needs of the place or area. Unless suspended or revoked, the Commission may grant the temporary authority for not more than 180 days. A grant of temporary authority does not establish a presumption that permanent authority to provide transportation will be granted under this subchapter.

(b)(1) Without regard to subchapter II of chapter 103 of this title and subchapter II of chapter 5 of title 5, the Commission, pursuant to such regulations as the Commission may issue, may grant a motor carrier temporary authority to provide transportation to a place or in an area having no motor carrier capable of meeting the immediate needs of the place or area. Unless suspended or revoked, the Commission may grant the temporary authority for not more than 270 days. A grant of temporary authority does not establish a presumption that permanent authority to provide transportation will be granted under this subchapter.

(2) The Commission shall take final action upon an application filed under this subsection no later than 90 days after the date the application is filed with the Commission.

(c)(1) Without regard to subchapter II of chapter 103 of this title and subchapter II of chapter 5 of title 5, the Commission, pursuant to such regulations as the Commission may issue, may grant a motor carrier emergency temporary authority to provide transportation to a place or in an area having no motor carrier capable of meeting the immediate needs of the place or area if the Commission determines that, due to emergency conditions, there is not sufficient time to process an application for temporary authority under subsection (b) of this section. Unless suspended or revoked, the Commission may grant the emergency temporary authority for not more than 30 days, and the Commission may extend such authority for a period of not more than 90 days and, in addition, in the case of a motor carrier of passengers, the Commission may extend such authority for a period of more than 90 days but not more than 180 days if no other motor carrier of passengers is providing transportation to the place or in the area. A grant of emergency temporary authority does not establish a presumption that permanent authority to provide transportation will be granted under this subchapter.

(2) The Commission shall take final action upon an application filed under this subsection not later than 15 days after the date the application is filed with the Commission.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1414; Pub. L. 96–296, §23, July 1, 1980, 94 Stat. 814; Pub. L. 97–261, §15, Sept. 20, 1982, 96 Stat. 1114.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10928 49:310a(a), (c). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §210a(a), (c); added June 29, 1938, ch. 811, §10, 52 Stat. 1238; Mar. 27, 1942, ch. 199, §102, 56 Stat. 177.
  49:911(a). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §311(a); added Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §201, 54 Stat. 943.

The word "transportation" is substituted each place for "service" and "transportation service" for consistency and as being more precise because the jurisdictional grant to the Interstate Commerce Commission under subchapter III of chapter 105 of the revised title is jurisdiction over transportation. The words "Without regard to subchapter II of chapter 103 of this title and subchapter II of chapter 5 of title 5" are substituted for "without hearings or other proceedings" as being more precise. The words "motor carrier or water carrier" are inserted before "carrier capable" for clarity. The phrase "not more than 180 days" is retained. The amendments made by sections 102 and 103 of the Act of March 27, 1942, striking the words "not to exceed 180 days" expired on March 31, 1947, and the words struck out were restored to the law, by virtue of section 1501 of the same Act, as amended (60 Stat. 345; 50 U.S.C. app. 645). The words "and urgent" are omitted as redundant. The words "place" and "area" are substituted for "point" and "territory", respectively, for consistency. The words "or points" are omitted as unnecessary. The words "in its discretion" are omitted as surplus. The words "Unless suspended or revoked" are made applicable to 49:911(a) for clarity and consistency. The words "under this subchapter" are inserted for clarity. 49:310a(c) is omitted for consistency and as being unnecessary in view of the authority of the Commission to grant the authority and the general authority of the Commission under section 10321(a) of the revised title to carry out the subtitle.

Amendments

1982—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 97–261, §15(1), struck out "motor carrier of passengers or" before "water carrier" wherever appearing.

Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 97–261, §15(2), struck out "of property" after "motor carrier" wherever appearing.

Subsec. (c)(1). Pub. L. 97–261, §15(3), struck out "of property" after "motor carrier" wherever appearing, and inserted to the provisions relating to the duration of a grant of emergency temporary transportation authority further provision that in the case of a motor carrier of passengers, the Commission may extend such authority for a period of more than 90 days but not more than 180 days if no other motor carrier of passengers is providing transportation to the place or in the area.

1980Pub. L. 96–296 designated existing provision as subsec. (a), inserted "of passengers" after "motor carrier" in two places, and added subsecs. (b) and (c).

Effective Date of 1982 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 97–261 effective on 60th day after Sept. 20, 1982, see section 31(a) of Pub. L. 97–261, set out as a note under section 10101 of this title.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in sections 10322, 10328 of this title.

§10929. Temporary authority for previously exempt water transportation

When transportation exempt from the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under section 10544(a)–(c) of this title becomes subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission, the water carrier may continue to provide the transportation without a certificate or permit issued under this subchapter for a period of 120 days beginning on the day the transportation becomes subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission. If the carrier applies to the Commission within that period for a certificate or permit to provide the transportation previously exempt, the Commission shall issue to the carrier the appropriate certificate or permit authorizing the transportation. The Commission shall issue each such certificate and permit without regard to subchapter II of chapter 103 of this title and subchapter II of chapter 5 of title 5.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1415.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10929 49:903(l). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §303(l); added Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §201, 54 Stat. 933.

The word "water" is inserted before "carrier" the first time it appears for clarity. The words "beginning on the day the transportation becomes subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission" are inserted for clarity. The words "without regard to subchapter II of chapter 103 of this title and subchapter II of chapter 5 of title 5" are substituted for "without further proceedings" as being more precise.

§10930. Limitations on certificates and permits

(a) Except when the Interstate Commerce Commission finds good cause consistent with the public interest and the transportation policy of section 10101 of this title

(1) a person may not hold both a certificate of a water common carrier and a permit of a water contract carrier issued under this subchapter, to transport property over the same route or in the same area; and

(2) if a person controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with, another person, one of them may not hold a certificate of a water common carrier, while the other holds a permit of a water contract carrier, to transport property over the same route or in the same area.


(b)(1) A person may not hold a permit of a household goods freight forwarder issued under this subchapter if the person is a common carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter I, II, or III of chapter 105 of this title.

(2) Except for motor vehicle transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter IV of chapter 105 of this title by section 10523(a)(2) of this title, a permit may not authorize a household goods freight forwarder to conduct direct rail, water, or motor carrier transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter I, II, or III of that chapter.

(3) Except when the Commission finds that service to be provided as a household goods freight forwarder is consistent with the public interest and the transportation policy of section 10101 of this title, a person may not hold a permit of a household goods freight forwarder when—

(A) the principal business of the person is manufacturing and selling, or buying and selling, or both manufacturing and selling and buying and selling articles or commodities, and the service of a household goods freight forwarder (or similar assembling, consolidating, and shipping service is provided by the person for its own business) is commonly used to transport the articles or commodities; or

(B) the person controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with, a person referred to in clause (A) of this paragraph.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1415; Pub. L. 96–296, §10(b), July 1, 1980, 94 Stat. 800; Pub. L. 99–521, §8(e), Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2996.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10930(a) 49:310. Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §210; added Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 554; Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §§16, 21(a), 54 Stat. 919, 923.
  49:910. Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §310; added Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §201, 54 Stat. 943.
10930(b)(1) 49:1010(c) (2d sentence words before semicolon). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §§410(c) (2d sentence words before semicolon), (h), 411(b) (less last proviso); added May 16, 1942, ch. 318, §1, 56 Stat. 291.
10930(b)(2) 49:1010(h).
10930(b)(3) 49:1011(b) (less last proviso).

In subsection (a), the words "or shall have found" are omitted as executed.

In subsection (b)(2), the words "subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter I, II, or III of that chapter" are substituted for "is to be regulated as service subject to this chapter" for clarity and consistency.

In subsection (b)(3), the words "It shall be unlawful for", "operations are of such character that", "or forwarders", and "in connection with the transportation" are omitted as unnecessary. The words "under section 1010 of this title" and "is otherwise qualified under section 1010 of this title" are omitted in view of section 10921 of the revised title requiring a person to have a permit and satisfying the requirements for issuance of a permit under subchapter II of chapter 109 of the revised title, or else requiring the person to come within one of the exceptions, before the person can provide the service of a freight forwarder subject to Commission jurisdiction.

Amendments

1986—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 99–521 inserted "household goods" before "freight forwarder" wherever appearing.

1980—Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 96–296, §10(b)(1), struck out "both a certificate of a motor common carrier and a permit of a motor contract carrier issued under this subchapter, or" after "may not hold".

Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 96–296, §10(b)(2), struck out provision that if a person controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with, another person, one of them could not hold a certificate of a motor common carrier, while the other holds a permit of a motor contract carrier, to transport property over the same route and in the same area.

Effective Date of 1986 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 99–521 effective 60 days after Oct. 22, 1986, see section 15 of Pub. L. 99–521, set out as a note under section 10102 of this title.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in sections 10922, 10923, 11702, 11708 of this title.

§10931. Motor common carriers providing transportation entirely in one State

(a) A motor common carrier may provide transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under subchapter II of chapter 105 of this title without a certificate issued by the Commission under section 10922 of this title, when—

(1) the carrier provides transportation entirely in one State;

(2) the carrier is not controlled by, controlling, or under common control with a carrier providing transportation outside the State;

(3) the carrier has applied for, and has been issued, a certificate of public convenience and necessity by the State authority having jurisdiction to issue such a certificate, permitting the carrier to provide intrastate transportation by motor vehicle; and

(4) the intrastate certificate was issued after, and the certificate states that—

(A) notice was given to interested parties through publication in the Federal Register of the filing of the application by the carrier and the desire of the carrier to provide transportation otherwise under the jurisdiction of the Commission within the limits of the certificate issued by the State authority;

(B) reasonable opportunity to be heard was given; and

(C) the State authority considered and found that the public convenience and necessity require that the carrier be permitted to provide transportation under the jurisdiction of the Commission within limits that do not exceed the scope of the certificate issued by the State authority.


(b) An interested party that opposed issuing the certificate to a motor common carrier in a proceeding before a State authority may petition the Commission for reconsideration of a decision of the State authority. On reconsideration, the Commission, based on the record before the State authority, may affirm, reverse, or change that decision, but only with respect to the transportation subject to Commission jurisdiction.

(c) The Commission may require, before a motor common carrier provides transportation authorized under this section, that—

(1) a certified copy of the carrier's intrastate certificate and other appropriate information be filed with the Commission; and

(2) the carrier comply with applicable requirements established by the Commission.


(d)(1) The Commission shall issue a certificate of registration to a motor common carrier authorizing the carrier to provide transportation under this section. The authority granted under the certificate is subject to all other applicable provisions of this subtitle. Except as otherwise provided in this subsection and subchapter III of chapter 113 of this title, the certificate of registration may be transferred if it is transferred with the intrastate certificate. Transfer of the intrastate certificate without the certificate of registration revokes the certificate of registration.

(2) The certificate of registration issued by the Commission is valid as long as the motor common carrier provides transportation entirely in the State from which it received its intrastate certificate and is not controlled by, controlling, or under common control with, a carrier providing transportation outside the State.

(e)(1) On the 180th day after the termination, restriction in scope, or suspension of the intrastate certificate, the authority granted under this section to provide transportation is revoked or likewise restricted unless the intrastate certificate is renewed or reissued or the restriction is removed by that 180th day.

(2) Transportation authorized under this section may be suspended or revoked by the Commission under section 10925 of this title.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1416.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10931(a) 49:306(a)(6) (1st sentence). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §206(a)(6); added Oct. 15, 1962, Pub. L. 87–805, §2, 76 Stat. 911.
10931(b) 49:306(a)(6) (last sentence).
10931(c) 49:306(a)(6) (6th sentence).
10931(d) 49:306(a)(6) (2d and 3d sentences).
10931(e) 49:306(a)(6) (4th and 5th sentences).

In the section, the word "transportation" is substituted for "operations" for consistency and in view of the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission over transportation under subchapter II of chapter 105 of the revised title. The words "interstate or foreign commerce" are omitted as being already included in the words in subsection (a) "subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under subchapter II of chapter 105". The word "authority" is substituted for "commission" for consistency and to distinguish from "Commission". The word "permitting" is substituted for "authorizing" for consistency and to avoid confusion with the term "State authority".

In subsection (a), the words "On and after October 15, 1962" are omitted as executed. The words "interested parties" are substituted for "interested persons" for consistency and as being more precise. The words "duly" and "the question of the proposed interstate and foreign operations" are omitted as unnecessary.

In subsection (b), the words "In accordance with such reasonable rules as may be prescribed by the Commission" are omitted as unnecessary in view of section 10321(a) of the revised title giving the Commission general authority to carry out the subtitle and to prescribe regulations.

In subsection (c), the word "information" is substituted for "statements and data" to eliminate redundancy.

In subsection (d), the words "and the regulations prescribed hereunder" and "pursuant to such rules and regulations as may be prescribed by the Commission" are omitted as unnecessary in view of section 10321(a) of the revised title giving the Commission general authority to carry out the subtitle and to prescribe regulations. The words "otherwise provided in this subsection" are substituted for "in the conditions and limitations stated herein" as being more precise. The word "revokes" is substituted for "shall terminate" for consistency.

In subsection (e), the word "revoked", with respect to Commission action, is substituted for "terminated" for consistency. The words "under section 10925 of this title" are substituted for "in accordance with the provisions of this Act governing the suspension and termination of certificates issued by the Commission" for clarity.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in section 11708 of this title.

§10932. Motor carrier savings provisions

(a) Except as specifically provided in a certificate or permit, the holder of a motor carrier certificate or permit issued as the result of an application filed before September 2, 1950, authorizing the carrier to provide transportation in the United States or between the United States and a foreign country (to the extent the transportation is in the United States), may provide the transportation between a place in the United States and a place in a territory or possession of the United States—

(1) without being authorized to do so by the Interstate Commerce Commission; and

(2) to the same extent and subject to the same conditions of the certificate or permit of the carrier.


(b)(1) A motor common carrier providing transportation under an intrastate certificate issued by a State and under a certificate of registration issued by the Commission under section 206(a)(7) of the Interstate Commerce Act (76 Stat. 912) that has been in effect since October 15, 1962, may continue to provide transportation otherwise subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II of chapter 105 of this title—

(A) if the certificate of the State authorizing intrastate transportation is limited to a specified period of time, only for that period;

(B) subject to all other applicable provisions of this subtitle;

(C) as long as the carrier provides transportation only in the State issuing the intrastate certificate; and

(D) as long as the carrier is not controlled by, controlling, or under common control with, a carrier providing transportation outside the State.


(2) Except as provided in subchapter III of chapter 113 of this title, the certificate of registration issued by the Commission may be transferred if it is transferred with the intrastate certificate. Transfer of the intrastate certificate without the certificate of registration revokes the certificate of registration.

(3) On the 180th day after the termination, restriction in scope, or suspension of the intrastate certificate, the authority granted under the certificate of registration is revoked or likewise restricted unless the intrastate certificate is renewed or reissued or the restriction is removed by that 180th day. The certificate of registration may be suspended or revoked by the Commission under section 10925 of this title.

(c) Under regulations of the Commission, a motor common carrier transporting passengers under a certificate issued by the Commission as the result of an application filed before January 2, 1967, or under a reissuance of the operating authority provided in the certificate, may provide transportation to any place subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II of chapter 105 of this title for special and chartered parties.

(d) The Commission may not prescribe a condition for a motor contract carrier permit issued before August 23, 1957, that restricts the authority of the carrier—

(1) to substitute similar contracts within the scope of the permit; or

(2) to add contracts within the scope of the permit, unless the Commission, on its own initiative or on petition of an interested carrier, finds that the scope of the transportation to be provided by the motor contract carrier under any such additional contract is not confined to transportation provided by a motor contract carrier as defined after August 21, 1957.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1417.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10932(a) 49:306(a)(2), 309(a)(2). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §§206(a)(2), 209(a)(2); added Sept. 1, 1950, ch. 835, §§2, 3, 64 Stat. 574, 575.
10932(b) 49:306(a)(7). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §206(a)(7); added Oct. 15, 1962, Pub. L. 87–805, §2, 76 Stat. 912.
10932(c) 49:308(c). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §208(c); added Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 552; restated Nov. 10, 1966, Pub. L. 89–804, §1, 80 Stat. 1521.
10932(d) 49:309(b) (last proviso). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §209(b) (last proviso); added Aug. 22, 1957, Pub. L. 85–163, §2, 71 Stat. 412.

In subsection (a), the words "heretofore issued under this chapter, or hereafter issued under this chapter" are omitted as unnecessary in view of section 10321(a) of the revised title giving the Interstate Commerce Commission general authority to carry out the subtitle and to prescribe regulations. The words "in the United States or between the United States and a foreign country (to the extent the transportation is in the United States)" are substituted for "interstate or foreign commerce" for consistency and as being more informative. The words "over any route or routes or within any territory" and "limitations" are omitted as unnecessary. The words "may provide the transportation" are substituted for "may . . . engage" for consistency and in view of the jurisdiction of the Commission over transportation under subchapter II of chapter 105 of the revised title.

In subsection (b), the first and second sentences of paragraph (7)(A) and all of paragraph (7)(B) of 49:306(a)(7) are omitted as executed. The word "transportation" is substituted for "operations" for consistency and in view of the jurisdiction of the Commission over transportation. The words "interstate or foreign commerce" are omitted as being already included in the words "subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II of chapter 105 of this title". The words "and the regulations prescribed hereunder" and "pursuant to such rules and regulations as may be prescribed by the Commission" are omitted as unnecessary in view of section 10321(a) of the revised title.

In subsection (b)(2) and (3), the words "revokes" and "revoked" with respect to Commission action, are substituted for "shall terminate" and "terminate", respectively, for consistency. The words "under section 10925 of this title" are substituted for "in accordance with the provisions of this Act governing the suspension and termination of certificates of public convenience and necessity issued by the Commission" for clarity.

In subsection (c), the words "interstate or foreign commerce" are omitted as being already included in the words "subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II of chapter 105 of this title". The words "rules and regulations as the Commission shall have prescribed" are omitted in view of section 10321(a) of the revised title.

In subsection (d), the words "terms, or limitations" are omitted as unnecessary. The words "on its own initiative" are substituted for "on its own motion" for consistency.

References in Text

Section 206(a)(7) of the Interstate Commerce Act, referred to in subsec. (b)(1), was classified to section 306(a)(7) of former Title 49, Transportation, from which subsec. (b) of this section was derived, and was repealed by Pub. L. 95–473, §4(b), Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1466. For further details, see Historical and Revision Notes above.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in section 11708 of this title.

§10933. Authorizing abandonment of household goods freight forwarder service

When a household goods freight forwarder is controlled by, or under common control with, a common carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under subchapter I, II, or III of chapter 105 of this title, the household goods freight forwarder may abandon any part of the service it provides subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter IV of chapter 105, only if the Commission finds the abandonment is consistent with the public interest and the transportation policy of section 10101 of this title. On making the finding, the Commission shall issue to the household goods freight forwarder a certificate describing the abandonment authorized by the Commission.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1418; Pub. L. 99–521, §8(f)(1), (2), Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2996, 2997.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10933 49:1010(i) (1st sentence). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §410(i) (1st sentence); added May 16, 1942, ch. 318, §1, 56 Stat. 293.

The words "only if" are substituted for "unless and until" for consistency and to eliminate redundancy. The words "describing the abandonment authorized by the Commission" are inserted for clarity and consistency.

Amendments

1986Pub. L. 99–521 inserted "household goods" before "freight forwarder" in section catchline and wherever appearing in text.

Effective Date of 1986 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 99–521 effective 60 days after Oct. 22, 1986, see section 15 of Pub. L. 99–521, set out as a note under section 10102 of this title.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in sections 11505, 11702, 11704, 11908 of this title.

§10934. Household goods agents

(a) Each motor common carrier providing transportation of household goods subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II of chapter 105 of this title shall be responsible for all acts or omissions of any of its agents which relate to the performance of household goods transportation services (including accessorial or terminal services) subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II of chapter 105 of this title and which are within the actual or apparent authority of the agent from the carrier or which are ratified by the carrier.

(b) Each motor common carrier providing transportation of household goods subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II of chapter 105 of this title shall use due diligence and reasonable care in selecting and maintaining agents who are sufficiently knowledgeable, fit, willing, and able to provide adequate household goods transportation services (including accessorial and terminal services) and to fulfill the obligations imposed upon them by this subtitle and by such carrier.

(c)(1) Whenever the Commission has reason to believe from a complaint or investigation that an agent providing household goods transportation services (including accessorial and terminal services) under the authority of a motor common carrier providing transportation of household goods subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II of chapter 105 of this title has violated section 11901(k) or 11917 of this title or is consistently not fit, willing, and able to provide adequate household goods transportation services (including accessorial and terminal services), it may issue to such agent a complaint stating the charges and containing notice of the time and place of a hearing which shall be held no later than 60 days after service of the complaint to such agent.

(2) Such agent shall have the right to appear at such hearing and rebut the charges contained in the complaint.

(3) If such person does not appear at the hearing or if the Commission finds that the agent has violated section 11901(k) or 11917 of this title or is consistently not fit, willing, and able to provide adequate household goods transportation services (including accessorial and terminal services), it may issue an order to compel compliance with the requirement that the agent be fit, willing, and able. Thereafter, the Commission may issue an order to limit, condition, or prohibit such agent from any involvement in the transportation or provision of services incidental to the transportation of household goods subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II of chapter 105 of this title if, after notice and an opportunity for a hearing, it finds that such agent, within a reasonable time after the date of issuance of a compliance order under this section, but in no event less than 30 days after such date of issuance, has willfully failed to comply with such order.

(4) Upon filing of a petition with the Commission by an agent who is the subject of an order issued pursuant to the second sentence of paragraph (3) of this subsection and after notice, a hearing shall be held with an opportunity to be heard. At such hearing, a determination shall be made whether the order issued pursuant to paragraph (3) of this subsection should be rescinded.

(5) Any agent adversely affected or aggrieved by an order of the Commission issued under this subsection may seek relief in the appropriate United States court of appeals as provided by and in the manner prescribed in chapter 158 of title 28, United States Code.

(d) The antitrust laws, as defined in the first section of the Clayton Act (15 U.S.C. 12), do not apply to discussions or agreements between a motor common carrier providing transportation of household goods subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II of chapter 105 of this title and its agents (whether or not an agent is also a carrier) related solely to (1) rates for the transportation of household goods under the authority of the principal carrier, (2) accessorial, terminal, storage, or other charges for services incidental to the transportation of household goods transported under the authority of the principal carrier, (3) allowances relating to transportation of household goods under the authority of the principal carrier, and (4) ownership of a motor common carrier providing transportation of household goods subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II of chapter 105 of this title by an agent or membership on the board of directors of any such motor common carrier by an agent.

(Added Pub. L. 96–454, §5(a)(1), Oct. 15, 1980, 94 Stat. 2013; amended Pub. L. 98–554, title II, §227(a)(2), Oct. 30, 1984, 98 Stat. 2852.)

Amendments

1984—Subsec. (c)(1), (3). Pub. L. 98–554 substituted "11901(k)" for "11901(j)".

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in section 10322 of this title.

§10935. Discontinuing bus transportation in one State

(a) When a motor common carrier of passengers having intrastate authority under the laws of a State, and interstate authority under a certificate issued under section 10922 of this title, to provide transportation over any route to any point in such State has proposed to discontinue providing transportation over such route to such point or to reduce its level of service over such route to such point to a level which is less than one trip per day (excluding Saturdays and Sundays) and the carrier has requested the department, agency, or instrumentality of such State having jurisdiction over granting such discontinuance or reduction for permission to discontinue such intrastate transportation or to reduce its level of service to a level which is less than one trip per day (excluding Saturdays and Sundays) and the request has been denied (in whole or in part) or such department, agency, or instrumentality has not acted finally (in whole or in part) on the request by the 120th day after the carrier made the request, the carrier may petition the Commission for such permission.

(b) When a petition is filed under subsection (a) of this section, the carrier shall certify that he has notified (1) the Governor of the State in which such transportation is provided, (2) the State authority having jurisdiction over granting discontinuances of transportation by motor common carriers of passengers and reductions in levels of service by such carriers, (3) local governments having jurisdiction over areas which would be affected if such petition is granted, and (4) such other interested persons as the Commission may specify by regulation.

(c) Any person (including a department, agency, or instrumentality of a State or local government) may object to the Commission to the granting of permission to any motor common carrier of passengers to discontinue or reduce transportation under this section.

(d) If no person objects under subsection (c) of this section to the granting of permission to discontinue or reduce transportation under this section within 20 days after the carrier files with the Commission the petition for such discontinuance or reduction, the Commission shall grant such permission at the end of such 20-day period.

(e)(1)(A) Subject to paragraph (3) of this subsection, if, within 20 days after a carrier files a petition for permission to discontinue providing intrastate transportation over any route to any point or to reduce its level of service over such route to such point to a level which is less than one trip per day (excluding Saturdays and Sundays), any person objects under subsection (c) of this section to the Commission to the granting of such permission, the Commission shall grant such permission unless the Commission finds, on the basis of evidence presented by the person objecting to the granting of such permission, that such discontinuance or reduction is not consistent with the public interest or that continuing the transportation, without the proposed discontinuance or reduction, will not constitute an unreasonable burden on interstate commerce.

(B) This paragraph shall apply to intrastate transportation of passengers which is being provided by a motor common carrier of passengers on a route over which such carrier was granted, on or before August 1, 1982, authority to provide interstate transportation of passengers.

(2)(A) Subject to paragraph (3) of this subsection, if, within 20 days after a carrier files a petition for permission to discontinue providing intrastate transportation over any route to any point or to reduce its level of service over such route to such point to a level which is less than one trip per day (excluding Saturdays and Sundays), any person objects under subsection (c) of this section to the Commission to the granting of such permission, the Commission shall grant such permission unless the Commission finds, on the basis of evidence presented by the person objecting to the granting of such permission, that continuing the transportation, without the proposed discontinuance or reduction, will not constitute an unreasonable burden on interstate commerce. For the purposes of this paragraph, continuance of the transportation would not constitute an unreasonable burden on interstate commerce only if discontinuance or reduction of such transportation is not consistent with the public interest and the interstate and intrastate revenues from such service under reasonable pricing practices are not less than the variable costs of providing the transportation proposed to be discontinued or reduced.

(B) This paragraph shall apply to intrastate transportation of passengers which is being provided by a motor common carrier of passengers on a route over which such carrier was granted after August 1, 1982, and before the effective date of this section, or is granted on or after such effective date, authority to provide interstate transportation of passengers.

(3) The Commission shall only grant permission to a carrier to discontinue intrastate transportation over any route to any point under this subsection if such carrier has applied for authority to discontinue its interstate transportation over such route to such point under section 10925(b) of this title and the Commission has granted or will grant such authority.

(4) If any person objects under subsection (c) of this section to the granting of permission to discontinue or reduce transportation under this section within 20 days after the carrier files with the Commission the petition for such discontinuance or reduction, the carrier, within 15 days after the filing of such objection with the Commission, shall furnish to the Commission and to objecting persons—

(A) an estimate of the annual subsidy required, if any, to continue the service;

(B) traffic, revenue, and other data necessary to determine the amount of annual financial assistance, if any, which would be required to continue the service; and

(C) such other information as the Commission may require by regulation.


The Commission shall take final action upon such petition not later than 90 days after the date the carrier files such petition.

(f) Before a discontinuance or reduction in level of service proposed in a petition filed by a carrier under subsection (a) of this section has become effective, the Commission may order the carrier to continue any part of the intrastate transportation in not to exceed the 165-day period beginning on the date the carrier files such petition with the Commission.

(g)(1) In making a finding under subsection (e)(1) of this section, the Commission shall accord great weight to the extent to which interstate and intrastate revenues received for providing the transportation proposed to be discontinued or reduced are less than the variable costs of providing such transportation, including depreciation for revenue equipment. For purposes of the preceding sentence, the carrier filing a petition for permission to discontinue or reduce service shall have the burden of proving the amount of the interstate and intrastate revenues received for providing the transportation and the variable costs of providing the transportation.

(2) In making a finding under subsection (e)(1) or (e)(2) of this section, the Commission shall consider, to the extent applicable, at least—

(A) the national transportation policy of section 10101 of this title;

(B) whether the motor common carrier of passengers has received an offer of, or is receiving, financial assistance to provide the transportation to be discontinued or reduced from a financially responsible person (including a governmental authority); and

(C) in the case of a petition to discontinue transportation to any point, whether the transportation is the last motor carrier of passenger service to such point and whether a reasonable alternative to such service is available.


(h) No State or political subdivision thereof and no interstate agency or other agency of two or more States shall enact or enforce any law, rule, regulation, standard, or other provision having the force and effect of law relating to discontinuance or reduction in the level of intrastate service by a motor common carrier of passengers subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II of chapter 105 of this title corresponding to an interstate service initiated pursuant to the provisions of section 10922(c)(4) 1 of this title, except to the extent that notice of discontinuance or reduction in service, not in excess of 30 days, may be required.

(i) This section shall not apply to any carrier owned or controlled by a State or local government.

(Added Pub. L. 97–261, §16(a), Sept. 20, 1982, 96 Stat. 1115; amended Pub. L. 103–272, §5(m)(27), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1378.)

References in Text

The effective date of this section, referred to in subsec. (e)(2)(B), is the 60th day after Sept. 20, 1982, see section 31(a) of Pub. L. 97–261, set out as an Effective Date of 1982 Amendment note under section 10101 of this title.

Section 10922(c)(4) of this title, referred to in subsec. (h), was redesignated section 10922(d)(4) of this title by Pub. L. 103–311, title II, §207(a)(1), Aug. 26, 1994, 108 Stat. 1686.

Amendments

1994—Subsecs. (a), (e)(3). Pub. L. 103–272 substituted "title" for "subchapter".

Effective Date

Section effective the 60th day after Sept. 20, 1982, see section 31(a) of Pub. L. 97–261, set out as an Effective Date of 1982 Amendment note under section 10101 of this title.

Employee Protection

Section 27 of Pub. L. 97–261 provided that individuals who were eligible for protection under section 27 of Pub. L. 97–261 and whose employment was terminated by a motor common carrier of passengers (other than for cause) prior to the last day of the 10-year period beginning on Sept. 20, 1982, had a right of priority reemployment by such carrier, or a right of consideration for employment by another motor common carrier of passengers, further provided criteria for eligibility for protection, further required the Interstate Commerce Commission to establish, maintain, and periodically publish a comprehensive list of jobs available with class I motor carriers of passengers, and further provided for definitions, applicability and construction, promulgation of rules and regulations by the Commission, and for termination of provisions of section 27 of Pub. L. 97–261 on last day of the 12-year period beginning on effective date of such section (60th day after Sept. 20, 1982).

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in sections 10321, 10322, 10521, 10922 of this title.

1 See References in Text note below.

§10936. Limitation on State regulation of intrastate passengers by bus

A State or political subdivision of a State may not enforce any law or regulation relating to intrastate fares for the transportation of passengers by bus by an interstate motor carrier of passengers over a route authorized by the Commission.

(Added Pub. L. 103–311, title II, §211(a), Aug. 26, 1994, 108 Stat. 1689.)

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in section 10521 of this title.

CHAPTER 111—OPERATIONS OF CARRIERS

SUBCHAPTER I—GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

Sec.
11101.
Providing transportation and service.
11102.
Classification of carriers.
11103.
Use of terminal facilities.
11104.
Switch connections and tracks.
11105.
Protective services.
11106.
Identification of motor vehicles.
11107.
Leased motor vehicles.
11108.
Water carriers subject to unreasonable discrimination in foreign transportation.
11109.
Loading and unloading motor vehicles.
11110.
Household goods carrier operations.
11111.
Use of citizen band radios on buses.

        

SUBCHAPTER II—CAR SERVICE

11121.
Criteria.
11122.
Compensation and practice.
11123.
Situations requiring immediate action.
11124.
Rerouting traffic on failure of rail carrier to serve the public.
11125.
Directed rail transportation.
11126.
Distribution of coal cars.
11127.
Service of household goods freight forwarders.
11128.
War emergencies; embargoes imposed by carriers.

        

SUBCHAPTER III—REPORTS AND RECORDS

11141.
Definitions.
11142.
Uniform accounting system.
11143.
Depreciation charges.
11144.
Records: form; inspection; preservation.
11145.
Reports by carriers, lessors, and associations.

        

SUBCHAPTER IV—RAILROAD COST ACCOUNTING

11161.
Railroad Accounting Principles Board.
11162.
Cost accounting principles.
11163.
Implementation of cost accounting principles.
11164.
Certification of rail carrier cost accounting systems.
11165.
Cost availability.
11166.
Accounting and cost reporting.
11167.
Report.
11168.
Authorization of appropriations.

        

Amendments

1994Pub. L. 103–272, §4(j)(29), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1370, substituted "War" for "Water" in item 11128 and "system" for "systems" in item 11142.

1986Pub. L. 99–521, §9(b)(3), Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2997, inserted "household goods" before "freight forwarders" in item 11127.

1982Pub. L. 97–261, §25(d)(2), Sept. 20, 1982, 96 Stat. 1125, added item 11111.

1980Pub. L. 96–454, §6(a)(2), Oct. 15, 1980, 94 Stat. 2016, added item 11110.

Pub. L. 96–448, title III, §302(b), Oct. 14, 1980, 94 Stat. 1938, added heading "SUBCHAPTER IV—RAILROAD COST ACCOUNTING" and items 11161 to 11168.

Pub. L. 96–296, §15(a)(2), July 1, 1980, 94 Stat. 809, added item 11109.

SUBCHAPTER I—GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

§11101. Providing transportation and service

(a) A common carrier providing transportation or service subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under chapter 105 of this title shall provide the transportation or service on reasonable request. In addition, a motor common carrier shall provide safe and adequate service, equipment, and facilities. A rail carrier shall not be found to have violated this section because it fulfills its commitments under contracts approved under section 10713 of this title before responding to reasonable requests for service.

(b) The Commission may prescribe requirements for continuous and adequate transportation and service provided by motor common carriers and household goods freight forwarders subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapters II and IV of chapter 105 of this title and for transportation of baggage and express by such motor common carriers of passengers.

(c) The Commission may not regulate the duration of, or the amount of compensation payable under, an arrangement between a motor carrier and another party to use, with a driver, a motor vehicle not owned by that carrier to transport property when—

(1) the motor vehicle—

(A) to be used is that of (i) a farmer or a cooperative association or a federation of cooperative associations under section 10526(a)(4) or (5) of this title, or (ii) a motor private carrier and it is used regularly in the transportation of property referred to in section 10526(a)(6) of this title, or perishable products manufactured from perishable property referred to in that section; and

(B) is to be used by the carrier in a single movement or in one or more of a series of movements, loaded or empty, in the general direction of the general area where the motor vehicle is based; or


(2) the motor vehicle to be used has completed a movement exempt under section 10526(a)(6) of this title and is next to be used by that carrier in a loaded movement in any direction or in a movement referred to in clause (1)(B) of this subsection, or both.


(d) Resolution of Disputes Relating to Contract or Common Carrier Capacities.—If a motor carrier (other than a motor carrier providing transportation of household goods) subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II of chapter 105 of this title has authority to provide transportation as both a motor common carrier and a motor contract carrier and a dispute arises as to whether certain transportation is provided in its common carrier or contract carrier capacity and the parties are not able to resolve the dispute consensually, the Commission shall have jurisdiction to, and shall, resolve the dispute.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1419; Pub. L. 96–258, §1(10), June 3, 1980, 94 Stat. 426; Pub. L. 96–448, title II, §222, Oct. 14, 1980, 94 Stat. 1929; Pub. L. 99–521, §9(a), Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2997; Pub. L. 103–180, §8, Dec. 3, 1993, 107 Stat. 2052.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Pub. L. 95–473
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
11101(a) 49:1(4) (1st sentence 14th–23d words). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, §1(4) (1st sentence 14th–23d words); 24 Stat. 379; June 29, 1906, ch. 3591, §1, 34 Stat. 584; Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §400, 41 Stat. 475; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543; restated Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §2(c), 54 Stat. 900.
  49:316(a) (25th–44th words), (b) (16th–33d words). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §216(a) (25th–44th words), (b) (16th–33d words); added Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 558.
  49:905(a) (1st sentence 1st cl.). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §305(a) (1st sentence 1st clause); added Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §201, 54 Stat. 934.
  49:1004(a) (1st cl.). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §404(a) (1st clause); added May 16, 1942, ch. 318, §1, 56 Stat. 286.
11101(b) 49:304(a)(1) (related to service). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §204(a)(1) (related to service); added Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 546.
  49:1003(b). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §403(b); added May 16, 1942, ch. 318, §1, 56 Stat. 285.
11101(c) 49:304(f). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §204(f); added Aug. 3, 1956, ch. 928, §1, 70 Stat. 983.

Subsection (a) restates and consolidates the source provisions for clarity. The words "or service" are retained as related to freight forwarders in view of subchapter IV of chapter 105 of the revised title. The words "thereto" and "therefor" are omitted as surplus. The words "interstate or foreign commerce" in 49:316(a) and (b) are omitted in view of chapter 105 of the revised title.

In subsection (b), the word "prescribe" is substituted for "establish" for consistency. The word "reasonable" is omitted as surplus. The words "of passengers" are inserted for clarity. The provisions related to regulation of common and contract carriers by motor vehicle and brokers are omitted as surplus in view of the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under subchapter II of chapter 105 and the licensing requirements of subchapter II of chapter 109 of the revised title.

In subsection (c), the words "may not" are substituted for "nothing in this chapter shall be construed to authorize" for clarity. The word "arrangement" is substituted for "lease, contract, or other arrangement" to eliminate redundancy. The words "referred to in" are substituted for "of a character embraced within" for clarity.

Pub. L. 96–258

This makes technical changes in section 11101(c)(1) to conform to the source provision.

Amendments

1993—Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 103–180 added subsec. (d).

1986—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 99–521 inserted "household goods" before "freight forwarders".

1980—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 96–448 inserted provision that a rail carrier not be found to have violated this section because it fulfills its commitments under contracts approved under section 10713 of this title before responding to reasonable requests for service.

Subsec. (c)(1). Pub. L. 96–258, §1(10)(A)–(C), combined subpars. (A) and (B) into subpar. (A) by substituting ", or (ii) a motor private carrier and it" for "or a motor private carrier; (B)", by inserting designation for cl. (i), and by striking out designations for cls. (i) and (ii) in former subpar. (B), and redesignated subpar. (C) as (B).

Subsec. (c)(2). Pub. L. 96–258, §1(10)(D), substituted "clause (1)(B)" for "clause (1)(C)".

Effective Date of 1986 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 99–521 effective 60 days after Oct. 22, 1986, see section 15 of Pub. L. 99–521, set out as a note under section 10102 of this title.

Effective Date of 1980 Amendments

Amendment by Pub. L. 96–448 effective Oct. 1, 1980, see section 710(a) of Pub. L. 96–448, set out as a note under section 10101 of this title.

Amendment by Pub. L. 96–258 effective Oct. 17, 1978, see section 3(d) of Pub. L. 96–258, set out as a note under section 10525 of this title.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in sections 10341, 10713, 10922, 10925, 11107, 11126 of this title.

§11102. Classification of carriers

The Interstate Commerce Commission may classify and maintain requirements for groups of carriers included in the terms "motor common carrier", "water common carrier", "motor contract carrier", or "water contract carrier" and for brokers, when required because of the special nature of the transportation provided by them.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1419.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
11102 49:304(b). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §204(b); added Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 546; Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §20(b)(3), 54 Stat. 922.
  49:904(c). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §304(c); added Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §201, 54 Stat. 934.

The words "just and reasonable . . . consistent with the provisions of this chapter . . . to be observed by . . . deems necessary or desirable in the public interest" are omitted as surplus. The words "transportation provided" are substituted for "services performed" for consistency and in view of the definition of "transportation" in section 10102 of the revised title.

§11103. Use of terminal facilities

(a) The Interstate Commerce Commission may require terminal facilities, including main-line tracks for a reasonable distance outside of a terminal, owned by a rail carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter I of chapter 105 of this title, to be used by another rail carrier if the Commission finds that use to be practicable and in the public interest without substantially impairing the ability of the rail carrier owning the facilities or entitled to use the facilities to handle its own business. The carriers are responsible for establishing the conditions and compensation for use of the facilities. However, if the carriers cannot agree, the Commission may establish conditions and compensation for use of the facilities under the principle controlling compensation in condemnation proceedings. The compensation shall be paid or adequately secured before a carrier may begin to use the facilities of another carrier under this section.

(b) A rail carrier whose terminal facilities are required to be used by another carrier under this section is entitled to recover damages from the other carrier for injuries sustained as the result of compliance with the requirement or for compensation for the use, or both, as appropriate, in a civil action, if it is not satisfied with the conditions for use of the facilities or if the amount of the compensation is not paid promptly.

(c)(1) The Commission may require rail carriers to enter into reciprocal switching agreements, where it finds such agreements to be practicable and in the public interest, or where such agreements are necessary to provide competitive rail service. The carriers entering into such an agreement shall establish the conditions and compensation applicable to such agreement, but, if the carriers cannot agree upon such conditions and compensation within a reasonable period of time, the Commission may establish such conditions and compensation.

(2) The Commission may require reciprocal switching agreements entered into by rail carriers pursuant to this subsection to contain provisions for the protection of the interests of employees affected thereby.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1419; Pub. L. 96–448, title II, §223, Oct. 14, 1980, 94 Stat. 1929.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large)
11103 49:3(5). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §3(5); added Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §405, 41 Stat. 479; Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §5(f), 54 Stat. 904.

In subsection (a), the words "may require" are substituted for "shall have power by order to require" to eliminate redundancy. The words "carriers are responsible for establishing" are substituted for "carriers affected may agree" for clarity. The word "conditions" is substituted for "terms" for consistency. The word "establish" is substituted for "fix" for consistency. The words "just and reasonable" are omitted as surplus in view of the requirement that conditions be established as if in a condemnation proceeding. The word "duly" is omitted as surplus.

In subsection (b), the words "civil action" are substituted for "suit or action" to conform to title 28. The word "proper" is omitted as surplus. The words "as appropriate" are substituted for "as the case may be" for clarity.

Amendments

1980—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 96–448 added subsec. (c).

Effective Date of 1980 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 96–448 effective Oct. 1, 1980, see section 710(a) of Pub. L. 96–448, set out as a note under section 10101 of this title.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in sections 10705, 10711, 11126 of this title.

§11104. Switch connections and tracks

(a) On application of the owner of a lateral branch line of railroad, or of a shipper tendering interstate traffic for transportation, a common carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under subchapter I of chapter 105 of this title shall construct, maintain, and operate, on reasonable conditions, a switch connection to connect that branch line or private side track with its railroad and shall furnish cars to move that traffic to the best of its ability without discrimination in favor of or against the shipper when the connection—

(1) is reasonably practicable;

(2) can be made safely; and

(3) will furnish sufficient business to justify its construction and maintenance.


(b) If a common carrier fails to install and operate a switch connection after application is made under subsection (a) of this section, the owner of the lateral branch line of railroad or the shipper may file a complaint with the Commission under section 11701 of this title. The Commission shall investigate the complaint and decide the safety, practicability, justification, and compensation to be paid for the connection. The Commission may direct the common carrier to comply with subsection (a) of this section only after a full hearing.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1420.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large)
11104 49:1(9). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §1(9); added June 29, 1906, ch. 3591, §1, 34 Stat. 585; Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §401, 41 Stat. 475; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543.

In subsection (a), the words "the owner of" are inserted for clarity and for consistency with 49:1(9) (last sentence). The words "a switch connection to connect" are substituted for "which may be constructed to connect" for clarity.

In subsection (b), the word "investigate" is substituted for "hear and investigate" to eliminate redundancy. The words "decide" and "full hearing" are inserted for clarity and as substitutes for the cross reference to 49:15. The last clause of 49:1(9) (last sentence) is omitted as unnecessary in view of section 10324 of the revised title.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in section 11126 of this title.

§11105. Protective services

A rail or express carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under subchapter I of chapter 105 of this title may arrange for a person to furnish to or for the carrier a protective service against heat or cold for property transported by it subject to that jurisdiction only when the Commission finds the arrangement   to   be   reasonable   and   in   the   public interest.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1420.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large)
11105 49:1(14)(b) [(c)]. Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §1(14)(b); added Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §4(a), 54 Stat. 901. [§1(14)(b) redesignated §1(14)(c) by Pub. L. 95–607, title IV, §402, Nov. 8, 1978, 92 Stat. 3067.]

The words "may . . . only when" are substituted for "It shall be unlawful for . . . unless and until" for clarity. The words "make or enter into" are omitted as unnecessary. The word "arrange" is substituted for "contract, agreement, or arrangement" to eliminate redundancy. The words "finds the arrangement" are substituted for "has been submitted to and approved by" in view of subchapter II of chapter 103 of the revised title. The words "subject to the jurisdiction" are substituted for "interstate or foreign commerce" as being more precise and in view of the codification of all jurisdictional provisions in chapter 105 of the revised title. The words "to be reasonable and in the public interest" are substituted for "as just, reasonable, and consistent with the public interest" for consistency. See the revision note to section 10101 of the revised title. The words "to continue after April 1, 1941," and the proviso following the 62d word of 49:1(14)(b) [(c)] are omitted as executed.

[49:1(14)(b) was redesignated 49:1(14)(c) by Pub. L. 95–607, title IV, §402, Nov. 8, 1978, 92 Stat. 3067.]

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in section 11126 of this title.

§11106. Identification of motor vehicles

(a) The Interstate Commerce Commission may—

(1) issue and require the display of an identification plate on a motor vehicle used in transportation subject to its jurisdiction under subchapter II of chapter 105 of this title; and

(2) require the carrier to pay the reasonable cost of the plate.


(b) A carrier may use an identification plate only as authorized by the Commission.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1420.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large)
11106(a) 49:324 (1st sentence). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §224; added Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 566; restated June 29, 1938, ch. 811, §18, 52 Stat. 1240.
11106(b) 49:324 (less 1st sentence).

In subsection (a), the word "may" is substituted for "is authorized" for clarity. The words "under such rules and regulations as it shall prescribe" are omitted as unnecessary in view of subchapter II of chapter 103 of the revised title. The word "suitable" is omitted as surplus.

In subsection (b), the word "use" is substituted for "substitute, transfer, or use" to eliminate redundancy. The words "is prohibited and shall be unlawful" are omitted as surplus. The next-to-last sentence is omitted as surplus in view of section 484 of title 31.

§11107. Leased motor vehicles

(a) Except as provided in section 11101(c) of this title, the Interstate Commerce Commission may require a motor carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II of chapter 105 of this title that uses motor vehicles not owned by it to transport property under an arrangement with another party to—

(1) make the arrangement in writing signed by the parties specifying its duration and the compensation to be paid by the motor carrier;

(2) carry a copy of the arrangement in each motor vehicle to which it applies during the period the arrangement is in effect;

(3) inspect the motor vehicles and obtain liability and cargo insurance on them; and

(4) have control of and be responsible for operating those motor vehicles in compliance with requirements prescribed by the Secretary of Transportation on safety of operations and equipment, and with other applicable law as if the motor vehicles were owned by the motor carrier.


(b) The Commission shall require, by regulation, that any arrangement, between a motor carrier of property providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II of chapter 105 of this title and any other person, under which such other person is to provide any portion of such transportation by a motor vehicle not owned by the carrier shall specify, in writing, who is responsible for loading and unloading the property onto and from the motor vehicle.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1420; Pub. L. 96–296, §15(d), July 1, 1980, 94 Stat. 809.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large)
11107 49:304(e). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §204(e); added Aug. 3, 1956, ch. 928, §1, 70 Stat. 983.

The section restates the source provisions for clarity and to reflect the transfer to the Secretary of Transportation of the Commission's functions related to safety of operations. The words "Except as provided in section 11101(c) of this title" are substituted for "Subject to the provisions of subsection (f) of this section" to cite the corresponding revised subsection. The word "regulations" is omitted as unnecessary in view of subchapter II of chapter 103 of the revised title. The word "arrangement" is substituted for "leases, contracts, or other arrangements" to eliminate redundancy.

Amendments

1980Pub. L. 96–296 designated existing provision as subsec. (a) and added subsec. (b).

§11108. Water carriers subject to unreasonable discrimination in foreign transportation

(a) The Interstate Commerce Commission may relieve a water carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter III of chapter 105 of this title, from the requirements of this subtitle when a rate, rule, or practice established by a person providing water transportation to or from a port in a foreign country in competition with that carrier unreasonably discriminates against that carrier. The Commission may relieve that carrier to the extent and for the period of time necessary to end or ease the discrimination if the relief is in the public interest and consistent with the transportation policy of section 10101 of this title.

(b) The Commission may begin a proceeding under this section on its own initiative or on application.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1421.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large)
11108(a) 49:904(d) (less 1st–12th words). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §304(d); added Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §201, 54 Stat. 934.
11108(b) 49:904(d) (1st–12th words).

In subsection (a), the words "subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter III of chapter 105 of this title" are inserted to conform this subsection to the revised title. The word "rate" is substituted for "rates, fares" in view of the definition of "rate" in section 10102 of the revised title. The word "rule" is substituted for "regulation" for consistency when referring to a carrier. The words "water carrier" are substituted for "common carriers by water or contract carriers by water" in view of the definition of "water carrier" in section 10102 of the revised title. The words "unreasonably discriminates" are substituted for "cause undue disadvantage" for consistency. See the revision note to section 10101 of the revised title. The words "by reason of such competition" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement. The words "in such manner as in its judgment" are omitted to eliminate redundancy. The words "end or ease" are substituted for "avoid" or "lessen" for clarity.

In subsection (b) the words "The Commission may begin a proceeding under this section on its own initiative or on application" are substituted for "upon application, or upon its own initiative without application" and "whenever it shall appear from complaint made to the Commission or otherwise" for clarity and consistency.

§11109. Loading and unloading motor vehicles

(a) Whenever a shipper or receiver of property requires that any person who owns or operates a motor vehicle transporting property in interstate commerce (whether or not such transportation is subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II of chapter 105 of this title) be assisted in the loading or unloading of such vehicle, the shipper or receiver shall be responsible for providing such assistance or shall compensate the owner or operator for all costs associated with securing and compensating the person or persons providing such assistance.

(b) It shall be unlawful to coerce or attempt to coerce any person providing transportation of property by motor vehicle for compensation in interstate commerce (whether or not such transportation is subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II of chapter 105 of this title) to load or unload any part of such property onto or from such vehicle or to employ or pay one or more persons to load or unload any part of such property onto or from such vehicle, except that this subsection shall not be construed as making unlawful any activity which is not unlawful under the National Labor Relations Act or the Act of March 23, 1932 (47 Stat. 70; 29 U.S.C. 101 et seq.), commonly known as the Norris-LaGuardia Act.

(Added Pub. L. 96–296, §15(a)(1), July 1, 1980, 94 Stat. 808.)

References in Text

The National Labor Relations Act, referred to in subsec. (b), is act July 5, 1935, ch. 372, 49 Stat. 449, as amended, which is classified generally to subchapter II (§151 et seq.) of chapter 7 of Title 29, Labor. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see section 167 of Title 29 and Tables.

Act of March 23, 1932 (47 Stat. 70; 29 U.S.C. 101 et seq.), commonly known as the Norris-LaGuardia Act, referred to in subsec. (b), is act Mar. 23, 1932, ch. 90, 47 Stat. 70, as amended, which is classified generally to chapter 6 (§101 et seq.) of Title 29. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 101 of Title 29 and Tables.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in sections 11702, 11902a of this title.

§11110. Household goods carrier operations

(a)(1) The regulations and paperwork required of motor common carriers providing transportation of household goods subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II of chapter 105 of this title shall be minimized to the maximum extent feasible consistent with the protection of individual shippers.

(2) The Interstate Commerce Commission may issue regulations, including regulations protecting individual shippers, in order to carry out this subtitle with respect to the transportation of household goods by motor common carrier.

(3) Regulations of the Commission protecting individual shippers shall include, where appropriate, reasonable performance standards for the transportation of household goods subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II of chapter 105 of this title. In establishing performance standards under this paragraph, the Commission shall take into account at least the following:

(A) the level of performance that can be achieved by a well-managed motor common carrier transporting household goods;

(B) the degree of harm to individual shippers which could result from a violation of the regulation;

(C) the need to set the level of performance at a level sufficient to deter abuses which result in harm to consumers and violations of regulations;

(D) service requirements of the carriers;

(E) the cost of compliance in relation to the consumer benefits to be achieved from such compliance; and

(F) the need to set the level of performance at a level designed to encourage carriers to offer service responsive to shipper needs.


(4) Nothing in this section shall be construed to limit the Commission's authority to require reports from motor common carriers providing transportation of household goods or to require such carriers to provide specified information to consumers concerning their past performance.

(b)(1) Every motor common carrier providing transportation of household goods subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II of chapter 105 of this title may, upon request of a prospective shipper, provide the shipper with an estimate of charges for transportation of household goods and for the proposed services. The Commission shall not prescribe specific formulas, forms, methods, or techniques for providing a prospective shipper with such an estimate. The Commission shall not prohibit any such carrier from charging a prospective shipper for providing a written, binding estimate for the transportation and proposed services, nor shall the Commission require the final charges to a shipper to be based on an estimate.

(2) Any charge for an estimate of charges provided by a motor common carrier to a shipper for transportation of household goods subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II of chapter 105 of this title shall be subject to the antitrust laws, as defined in the first section of the Clayton Act (15 U.S.C. 12).

(c) The Commission shall issue regulations that provide motor carriers providing transportation of household goods subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II of chapter 105 of this title with the maximum possible flexibility in weighing shipments, consistent with assurance to the shipper of accurate weighing practices. The Commission shall not prohibit such carriers from backweighing shipments or from basing their charges on the reweigh weights if the shipper observes both the tare and gross weighings (or, prior to such weighings, waives in writing the opportunity to observe such weighings) and such weighings are performed on the same scale.

(Added Pub. L. 96–454, §6(a)(1), Oct. 15, 1980, 94 Stat. 2015.)

Review and Revision of Commission Operational Regulations Pertaining to Transportation of Household Goods

Section 6(b) of Pub. L. 96–454 provided that:

"(1) Not later than sixty days after the date of enactment of this Act [Oct. 15, 1980], the Interstate Commerce Commission shall institute a rulemaking proceeding in which it shall review and revise all of its operational regulations pertaining to transportation of household goods to carry out the purposes of section 11110(a) of title 49, United States Code.

"(2) The Interstate Commerce Commission shall conclude the rulemaking proceeding required by this subsection within two hundred and seventy days after the date of enactment of this Act [Oct. 15, 1980].

"(3) To the maximum extent feasible, the provisions of this section, including the amendments made by this section [enacting this section], shall apply to rules and regulations pertaining to transportation of household goods for the United States Government issued by departments, agencies, and instrumentalities of the United States (other than the Interstate Commerce Commission), including rules and regulations established for the distribution of such traffic, to the same extent as such provisions apply to rules and regulations issued by the Interstate Commerce Commission."

§11111. Use of citizen band radios on buses

(a)(1) A motor carrier of passengers providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II of chapter 105 of this title shall allow the operator of any motor vehicle providing such transportation to temporarily install and operate a citizen band radio in such vehicle if the Secretary of Transportation issues a rule or regulation which recommends that operators of such vehicles be allowed to temporarily install and operate such radios in such vehicles.

(2) Citizen band radios installed and operated in motor vehicles providing transportation of passengers subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II of chapter 105 of this title shall be installed and operated in accordance with the guidelines established by the Secretary of Transportation under section 25(c) of the Bus Regulatory Reform Act of 1982.

(b) The Commission shall issue such regulations as it considers necessary to carry out this section.

(Added Pub. L. 97–261, §25(d)(1), Sept. 20, 1982, 96 Stat. 1125.)

References in Text

Section 25(c) of the Bus Regulatory Reform Act of 1982, referred to in subsec. (a)(2), is Pub. L. 97–261, §25(c), Sept. 20, 1982, 96 Stat. 1124, which is set out below.

Effective Date

Section effective on 60th day after Sept. 20, 1982, see section 31(a) of Pub. L. 97–261, set out as an Effective Date of 1982 Amendment note under section 10101 of this title.

Study of Citizen Band Radios on Buses

Section 25(a)–(c) of Pub. L. 97–261 directed Secretary of Transportation to undertake to enter into appropriate arrangements with National Academy of Sciences to conduct a study of use of citizen band radios on motor vehicles providing transportation of passengers subject to jurisdiction of Interstate Commerce Commission under this subchapter, to determine the effect on safety if such operators are authorized to use such radios, and the effect on safety, health, and convenience of passengers of such vehicles if such operators are authorized to use such radios, with a report to be submitted to Congress within one year after entering into arrangements with the National Academy of Sciences for conducting such study, and further directed Secretary to initiate a rulemaking proceeding to determine whether operators of motor vehicles providing transportation of passengers subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under this subchapter should be allowed to use citizen band radios in such vehicles, with such proceeding to be completed not later than 120 days after commencement.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in section 11702 of this title.

SUBCHAPTER II—CAR SERVICE

§11121. Criteria

(a)(1) A rail carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under subchapter I of chapter 105 of this title shall furnish safe and adequate car service and establish, observe, and enforce reasonable rules and practices on car service. The Commission may require a rail carrier to provide facilities and equipment that are reasonably necessary to furnish safe and adequate car service if the Commission decides that the rail carrier has materially failed to furnish that service. The Commission may begin a proceeding under this paragraph when an interested person files an application with it. The Commission may act only after a hearing on the record and an affirmative finding, based on the evidence presented, that—

(A) providing the facilities or equipment will not materially and adversely affect the ability of the carrier to provide safe and adequate transportation;

(B) the amount spent for the facilities or equipment, including a return equal to the carrier's current cost of capital, will be recovered; and

(C) providing the facilities or equipment will not impair the ability of the carrier to attract adequate capital.


(2) The Commission may require a rail carrier to—

(A) file its car service rules with the Commission; and

(B) incorporate those rules in its tariffs.


(b) The Commission may designate and appoint agents and agencies to make and carry out its directions related to car service and matters under sections 11123–11125, 11127, and 11128(a)(1) of this title.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1421; Pub. L. 96–258, §1(11), June 3, 1980, 94 Stat. 426.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Pub. L. 95–473
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large)
11121(a) 49:1(11), (13). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, §1(11), (13), 24 Stat. 379; June 29, 1906, ch. 3591, §1, 34 Stat. 584; May 29, 1917, ch. 23, §1, 40 Stat. 101; restated Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §402, 41 Stat. 476; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543.
11121(b) 49:1(17)(a) (1st sentence). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §1(17)(a) (1st sentence); added Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §402, 41 Stat. 477; Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §4(b), 54 Stat. 901.

In the first sentence of subsection (a), the word "shall" is substituted for "It shall be the duty of" in 49:1(11). The words "just", "regulations", and "is prohibited and declared to be unlawful" are omitted as surplus.

In the second sentence of subsection (a), the words "by general or special orders", "all", "any of", "from time to time", "regulations", "in its discretion", "showing", and "be subject to any or all of the provisions of this chapter relating thereto" in 49:1(13) are omitted as surplus. The word "tariffs" is substituted for "schedules" for consistency and in view of the definition of "tariff" in section 10102 of the revised title.

In subsection (b), the cross references are substituted for "paragraphs (15) and (16)" to cite the corresponding sections of the revised title.

Pub. L. 96–258
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
11121(a) 49:1(14)(b). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §1(14)(b); added Nov. 8, 1978, Pub. L. 95–607, §402, 92 Stat. 3067.

This amends section 11121(a) by adding 49:1(14)(b) to the section.

The first sentence of subsection (a)(1) and all of subsection (a)(2) restate section 11121(a) of title 49 without change.

In the 2d, 3d, and last sentences of subsection (a)(1), the provision added by Public Law 95–607 is restated. The word "decides" is substituted for "finds" for accuracy. The 3d sentence is substituted for "upon the petition of an interested party" for consistency. The words "The Commission may only act after a hearing on the record" are substituted for "after notice and hearing on the record" for clarity and to omit the reference to "notice" because it is unnecessary as section 554 of title 5 applies to the proceeding and because of the Due Process clause of the 5th Amendment. The words "as required by paragraph (11) of this section" are omitted because of the restatement. The words "on the evidence presented" are substituted for "if the evidence of record" for clarity. The word "services" is omitted as surplus because of the definition of "transportation" in section 10102 of the revised title. The words "amount spent" are substituted for "expenditure" for clarity.

Amendments

1980—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 96–258 amended subsec. (a) generally, inserting provisions authorizing the Commission to require a rail carrier to provide facilities and equipment that are reasonably necessary to furnish safe and adequate car service if the Commission decides that the rail carrier has materially failed to furnish that service, authorizing the Commission to begin a proceeding when an interested person files an application with it, and directing that the Commission may only act after a hearing on the record and an affirmative finding, based on the evidence presented, that providing the facilities or equipment will not materially and adversely affect the ability of the carrier to provide safe and adequate transportation, that the amount spent for the facilities or equipment, including a return equal to the carrier's current cost of capital, will be recovered, and that providing the facilities or equipment will not impair the ability of the carrier to attract adequate capital.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in section 11126 of this title.

§11122. Compensation and practice

(a) The regulations of the Interstate Commerce Commission on car service shall encourage the purchase, acquisition, and efficient use of freight cars. The regulations may include—

(1) the compensation to be paid for the use of a locomotive, freight car, or other vehicle;

(2) the other terms of any arrangement for the use by a rail carrier of a locomotive, freight car, or other vehicle not owned by the rail carrier using the locomotive, freight car, or other vehicle, whether or not owned by another carrier, shipper, or third person; and

(3) sanctions for nonobservance.


(b) The rate of compensation to be paid for each type of freight car shall be determined by the expense of owning and maintaining that type of freight car, including a fair return on its cost giving consideration to current costs of capital, repairs, materials, parts, and labor. In determining the rate of compensation, the Commission shall consider the transportation use of each type of freight car, the national level of ownership of each type of freight car, and other factors that affect the adequacy of the national freight car supply.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1421; Pub. L. 96–448, title II, §224(a), Oct. 14, 1980, 94 Stat. 1929.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large)
11122 49:1(14)(a). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §1(14)(a); added May 29, 1917, ch. 23, §1, 40 Stat. 101; Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §402, 41 Stat. 476; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543; Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §4(a), 54 Stat. 901; May 26, 1966, Pub. L. 89–430, §1, 80 Stat. 168; restated Feb. 5, 1976, Pub. L. 94–210, §212(a), 90 Stat. 46.

In subsection (a), the words "It is the intent of the Congress to" are omitted as surplus. The words "establish rules, regulations, and practices" are omitted in view of section 10321 of the revised title. The words "after notice and an opportunity for a hearing" are omitted as surplus in view of subchapter II of chapter 103 of the revised title and subchapter II of chapter 5 of title 5. The words "by common carriers by railroad subject to this chapter" are omitted as unnecessary in view of chapter 105 and section 11121 of the revised title.

In subsection (a)(2), the words "freight car" are added for consistency. The words "penalties or other" are omitted as surplus.

In subsection (b)(1), the words "shall consider" are substituted for "shall give consideration" for clarity.

In subsection (b)(2), 49:1(14)(a) (5th sentence) is restated for clarity and consistency.

Amendments

1980—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 96–448 substituted "The rate" for "(1) The rate" and struck out par. (2) which authorized the Commission to increase a rate of compensation by an incentive element when the Commission found that the supply of a type of freight car was inadequate and that the incentive element would compensate freight car owners, contribute to sound car service practices, and encourage the acquisition and maintenance of a car supply adequate to meet the needs of commerce and national defense and permitted the Commission to exempt the incentive element from the compensation when the Commission found the exemption in the national interest.

Effective Date of 1980 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 96–448 effective Oct. 1, 1980, see section 710(a) of Pub. L. 96–448, set out as a note under section 10101 of this title.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in section 11126 of this title.

§11123. Situations requiring immediate action

(a)(1) When the Interstate Commerce Commission finds that a shortage of equipment, congestion of traffic, or other failure in traffic movement exists which creates an emergency situation of such magnitude as to have substantial adverse effects on rail service in the United States or a substantial region of the United States, the Commission may, for a period not to exceed thirty days—

(A) suspend any car service rule or practice;

(B) take action during the emergency to promote service in the interest of the public and of commerce regardless of the ownership (as between carriers) of a locomotive, car, or other vehicle on terms of compensation the carriers establish between themselves, subject to subsection (b)(2) of this section;

(C) require joint or common use of facilities, on terms of compensation the carriers establish between themselves, subject to subsection (b)(2) of this section, when that action will best meet the emergency and serve the public interest; and

(D) give directions for preference or priority in transportation, embargoes, or movement of traffic under permits.


(2) The Commission may extend any action taken under paragraph (1) of this subsection beyond the thirty-day period provided in such paragraph only if the full Commission, after a hearing, certifies that a transportation emergency exists.

(3) In carrying out the provisions of this subsection, the Commission shall require, to the maximum extent practicable, the use of the employees who would normally have performed work in connection with the traffic subject to the action of the Commission.

(b)(1) Except as provided in paragraph (2) of this subsection, the Commission may act under this section on its own initiative or on application without regard to subchapter II of chapter 103 of this title and subchapter II of chapter 5 of title 5.

(2) When the carriers do not agree on terms of compensation under subsection (a)(2) of this section or on terms for joint or common use of terminals under subsection (a)(3) of this section, the Commission may establish for them in a later proceeding terms of compensation the Commission finds to be reasonable.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1422; Pub. L. 96–448, title II, §226, Oct. 14, 1980, 94 Stat. 1930.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large)
11123 49:1(15) (related to car service less last sentence). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §1(15) (related to car service less last sentence); added May 29, 1917, ch. 23, §1, 40 Stat. 101; restated Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §402, 41 Stat. 476; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543.

In subsection (a), before clause (1), the words "When . . . considers" are substituted for "Whenever . . . is of the opinion" for clarity. The word "may" is substituted for "shall have, and it is given, authority" to conform to the style of the revised title.

In subsection (a)(1), the word "regulations" is omitted as surplus.

In subsection (a)(2), the words "take action" are substituted for "make such just and reasonable directions" for clarity.

In subsection (a)(4), the words "at such time and for such period as it may determine, and to modify, change, suspend, or annul them" are omitted as surplus.

Subsection (b) restates the procedural requirements for emergency action for clarity. The word "application" is substituted for "complaint" for consistency.

Amendments

1980—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 96–448 designated existing provision as par. (1), substituted "Commission finds" for "Commission considers" and "or other failure in traffic movement exists which creates an emergency situation of such magnitude as to have substantial adverse effects on rail service in the United States or a substantial region of the United States, the Commission may, for a period not to exceed thirty days" for "or other emergency requiring immediate action exists in a section of the United States, the Commission may", redesignated former pars. (1) to (4) as subpars. (A) to (D) of par. (1) as so designated, respectively, and in subpar. (C) as so redesignated, substituted "facilities" for "terminals, including mainline tracks for a reasonable distance outside of those terminals", and added pars. (2) and (3).

Effective Date of 1980 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 96–448 effective Oct. 1, 1980, see section 710(a) of Pub. L. 96–448, set out as a note under section 10101 of this title.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in sections 10713, 11121, 11126, 11128, 11901 of this title.

§11124. Rerouting traffic on failure of rail carrier to serve the public

(a) When the Interstate Commerce Commission considers that a rail carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter I of chapter 105 of this title cannot transport the traffic offered to it in a manner that properly serves the public, the Commission may direct the handling, routing, and movement of the traffic of that carrier and its distribution over other railroad lines to promote commerce and service to the public. Subject to subsection (b)(2) of this section, the carriers may establish the terms of compensation between themselves.

(b)(1) Except as provided in paragraph (2) of this subsection, the Commission may act under this section on its own initiative or on application without regard to subchapter II of chapter 103 of this title and subchapter II of chapter 5 of title 5.

(2) When the carriers do not agree on the terms of compensation under this section, the Commission may establish the terms for them in a later proceeding.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1422.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large)
11124 49:1(16) (related to traffic less (b)). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, §1(16) (related to traffic less (b)), 24 Stat. 379; June 29, 1906, ch. 3591, §1, 34 Stat. 584; May 29, 1917, ch. 23, §1, 40 Stat. 101; restated Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §402, 41 Stat. 477; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543; Jan. 2, 1974, Pub. L. 93–236, §601(e), 87 Stat. 1021.

In subsection (a), the words "When . . . considers" are substituted for "Whenever . . . is of the opinion" for clarity.

Subsection (b), and the cross reference to it in subsection (a), constitute a restatement of the procedure required to be followed under the cross reference to 49:1(15) in 49:1(16)(a). The words "just and reasonable" are omitted as unnecessary.

In subsection (b)(2), the word "proceeding" is substituted for "hearing" to conform to the style of the revised title.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in sections 11121, 11126, 11342, 11901 of this title.

§11125. Directed rail transportation

(a) When a rail carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under subchapter I of chapter 105 of this title cannot transport the traffic offered to it because—

(1) its cash position makes its continuing operation impossible;

(2) transportation has been discontinued under court order; or

(3) it has discontinued transportation without obtaining a required certificate under section 10903 of this title;


the Commission may direct the handling, routing, and movement of the traffic available to that carrier and its distribution over the railroad lines of that carrier by another carrier to promote service in the interest of the public and of commerce. Subject to subsection (b) of this section, the Commission may act without regard to subchapter II of chapter 103 of this title and subchapter II of chapter 5 of title 5.

(b)(1) Action of the Commission under subsection (a) of this section may not remain in effect for more than 60 days. However, the Commission may extend that period for an additional designated period of not more than 180 days if cause exists.

(2) The Commission may not take action that would—

(A) cause a directed carrier to operate in violation of chapter 201 of this title; or

(B) impair substantially the ability of a directed carrier to serve its own patrons adequately, or to meet its outstanding common carrier obligations.


(3) A directed carrier is not responsible, because of the direction of the Commission, for the debts of the other carrier.

(4) A directed carrier shall hire the employees of the other carrier, to the extent that they previously provided that transportation for the other carrier, and assume the existing employment obligations and practices of the other carrier for those employees including agreements governing rate of pay, rules and working conditions, and employee protective conditions for the period during which the action of the Commission is effective.

(5) A directed carrier may apply to the Commission for payment of an amount equal to the amount by which (A) the total expenses of that carrier incurred in or attributable to the handling, routing, and moving the traffic over the lines of the other carrier for the period during which the action of the Commission is effective, including renting or leasing necessary equipment and an allocation of common expenses, overhead, and a reasonable profit, exceed (B) the direct revenues from handling, routing, and moving that traffic over the lines of the other carrier during that period. The carrier must submit a current record of those total expenses to the Commission. The Commission shall certify promptly, to the Secretary of the Treasury, the amount to be paid. The Secretary shall pay that amount by the 90th day after the end of the period during which the direction of the Commission is effective, and funds are authorized to be appropriated for that payment. The Commission may audit any such record.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1423; Pub. L. 98–216, §2(15), Feb. 14, 1984, 98 Stat. 5; Pub. L. 103–272, §5(m)(28), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1378.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large)
11125 49:1(16)(b). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §1(16)(b); added Jan. 2, 1974, Pub. L. 93–236, §601(e), 87 Stat. 1021.

In subsection (a), the word "When" is substituted for "Whenever" for clarity. The word "cannot" is substituted for "is unable" to conform to the style of the revised title. The word "discontinued" is substituted for "abandoned" to conform with section 10903 of the revised title. The word "transportation" is substituted for "service" in view of the definition of "transportation" in section 10102 of the revised title and because the Interstate Commerce Commission has jurisdiction over transportation. The words "required certificate" are substituted for "certificate" in view of section 10903 of the revised title. The last sentence is a restatement of the procedure required to be followed under the cross reference in 49:1(16)(b) to 49:1(15). The words "just and reasonable" are omitted as unnecessary.

In subsection (b), the words "Action of the Commission" are substituted for "Such direction" for clarity.

In subsection (b)(5), the words "order" and "general order" are omitted as unnecessary. The words "The term 'cost' shall mean" are omitted as unnecessary. The words "in such manner and on such forms" are omitted in view of section 10321(a) of the revised title.

Amendments

1994—Subsec. (b)(2)(A). Pub. L. 103–272 substituted "chapter 201 of this title" for "the Federal Railroad Safety Act of 1970 (45 U.S.C. 431 et seq.)".

1984—Subsec. (b)(2)(A). Pub. L. 98–216 substituted "the Federal Railroad Safety Act of 1970 (45 U.S.C. 431 et seq.)" for "section 421 of title 45".

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in sections 11121, 11126, 11342, 11901 of this title; title 45 sections 744, 916, 1003, 1015.

§11126. Distribution of coal cars

(a) Subject to subsection (b) of this section, a rail carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under subchapter I of chapter 105 of this title shall make a reasonable distribution of cars for transportation of coal among the coal mines served by it whether the mines are located on its line or are customarily dependent on it for car supply. If the supply of available cars does not equal the requirements of the mines, the carrier shall maintain and apply reasonable ratings of the mines and count each car furnished to or used by a mine for transportation of coal against that mine. However, coal cars supplied by shippers or receivers are deemed not to be a part of the carrier's fleet and are not counted in determining a question about distribution or car count under subsection (b) of this section or section 10102, 10501, 10701–10703, 10707, 10721(b), 10722(c)–(d), 10723(a)–(b)(1), 10724(a), 10741–10744, 10746, 10749, 10750, 10901, 10902, 10907, 11101, 11103–11105, 11121–11125, 11127, 11128(a)(1), 11501(f), 11505(a), 11702(a)(1), 11703, 11901(d)–(e)(2), 11902, 11903, 11905, 11907, 11915, or 11916 of this title.

(b)(1) In this subsection, "unit-train service" means the movement of a single shipment of coal of at least 4,500 tons, tendered to one carrier, on one bill of lading, at one origin, on one day, and destined to one consignee, at one plant, at one destination, over one route.

(2) Unit-train service and non-unit-train service are deemed to be separate and distinct classes of service. A distinction shall be made between them and between the cars used in each class of service. A question about the reasonableness of, or discrimination in, the distribution of cars shall be determined within each class and not between them, notwithstanding a section referred to in subsection (a) of this section.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1424; Pub. L. 103–272, §5(m)(29), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1378.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large)
11126 49:1(12) (less 3d sentence). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §1(12) (less 3d sentence); added Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §402, 41 Stat. 476; Feb. 5, 1976, Pub. L. 94–210, §310, 90 Stat. 60.

In subsection (a), the word "shall" is substituted for "It shall also be the duty of" for clarity. The word "reasonable" is substituted for "just and reasonable" for consistency. See the revision note to section 10101 of the revised title. The words "During any period" are omitted as surplus. The words "and every" are omitted as surplus. The words "In applying the provisions of this paragraph" are omitted as surplus in view of the realigned structure of the section. The words "are deemed not to be" are substituted for "shall not be considered" for clarity. The words "under subsection (b) of this section or section 10102, 10501, 10701–10703, 10707, 10721(b), 10722(c)–(d), 10723(a)–(b)(1), 10724(a), 10741–10744, 10746, 10749, 10750, 10901, 10902, 10907, 11101, 11103–11105, 11121–11125, 11127, 11128(a)(1), 11501(c), 11505(a), 11702(a)(1), 11703, 11901(d)–(e)(2), 11902, 11903, 11905, 11907, 11915, or 11916 of this title" are substituted for "provision of section 1, 2, or 3 of this title, and of section 41, 42, or 43 of this title" to conform to the revised title.

In subsection (b)(2), the word "discrimination" is substituted for "discrimination or preference or prejudice or advantage or disadvantage" as being inclusive. See the revision note to section 10101 of the revised title. The words "a section referred to in subsection (a) of this section" are inserted for clarity.

Amendments

1994—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 103–272 substituted "11501(f)" for "11501(c)".

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in section 11901 of this title.

§11127. Service of household goods freight forwarders

(a)(1) When the Interstate Commerce Commission considers that a shortage of equipment, congestion of traffic, or other emergency requires immediate action at a place in the United States, the Commission may—

(A) suspend any service, equipment, or facilities requirement applicable to a household goods freight forwarder under the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter IV of chapter 105 of this title;

(B) take action to promote transportation in the interest of the public and of commerce; and

(C) give directions for preference or priority in transportation, embargoes, or movement of traffic under permits.


(2) When the Commission considers that any such household goods freight forwarder cannot properly serve the public by providing service for the traffic offered it, the Commission may require the handling, routing, and movement of that traffic in another manner to promote commerce and service to the public. When the equipment or facilities of another household goods freight forwarder are required to be used, the household goods freight forwarders may establish terms of compensation between themselves subject to subsection (b)(2) of this section.

(b)(1) Except as provided in paragraph (2) of this subsection, the Commission may act under this section on its own initiative or on application without regard to subchapter II of chapter 103 of this title and subchapter II of chapter 5 of title 5.

(2) When the household goods freight forwarders do not agree on the terms of compensation under this section, the Commission may establish the terms for them in a later proceeding.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1424; Pub. L. 99–521, §9(b)(1), (2), Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2997.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large)
11127 49:1020 (related to service). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §420 (related to service); added May 16, 1942, ch. 318, §1, 56 Stat. 298.
  49:1(15) (related to service less last sentence), (16) (related to service less (b)). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, §1(15) (related to service less last sentence), (16) (related to service less (b)), 24 Stat. 379; June 29, 1906, ch. 3591, §1, 34 Stat. 584; May 29, 1917, ch. 23, §1, 40 Stat. 101; restated Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §402, 41 Stat. 477; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543; Jan. 2, 1974, Pub. L. 93–236, §601(e), 87 Stat. 1021.

Instead of integrating the words "freight forwarder" into sections 11123 and 11124 of the revised title, the section restates those provisions of 49:1(15) and (16) applicable to freight forwarders. Subsection (a)(2) restates 49:1(16) related to the movement of traffic. See ICC Gen. Coun. Op. No. 248–71, Oct. 1, 1971. The word "application" is substituted for "complaint" for consistency.

Amendments

1986Pub. L. 99–521 inserted "household goods" before "freight forwarders" in section catchline and before "freight forwarders" and "freight forwarder" wherever appearing in text.

Effective Date of 1986 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 99–521 effective 60 days after Oct. 22, 1986, see section 15 of Pub. L. 99–521, set out as a note under section 10102 of this title.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in sections 11121, 11126, 11128, 11901 of this title.

§11128. War emergencies; embargoes imposed by carriers

(a)(1) When the President, during time of war or threatened war, certifies to the Interstate Commerce Commission that it is essential to the defense and security of the United States to give preference or priority to the movement of certain traffic, the Commission shall direct that preference or priority be given to that traffic under sections 11123(a)(4) and 11127(a)(1)(C) of this title.

(2) When the President, during time of war or threatened war, demands that preference and precedence be given to the transportation of troops and material of war over all other traffic, all carriers providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter I of chapter 105 of this title shall adopt every means within their control to facilitate and expedite the military traffic.

(b) An embargo imposed by any such carrier does not apply to shipments consigned to agents of the United States Government for its use. The carrier shall deliver those shipments as promptly as possible.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1425.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large)
11128(a)(1) 49:1(15) (last sentence). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, §1(15) (last sentence), 24 Stat. 379; May 29, 1917, ch. 23, §1, 40 Stat. 101; restated Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §402, 41 Stat. 476; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543.
11128(a)(2), (b) 49:6(8). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §6(8); added June 29, 1906, ch. 3591, §2, 34 Stat. 586; Aug. 29, 1916, ch. 417, §1, 39 Stat. 604; Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §409, 41 Stat. 483.

In subsection (a)(1), the cross reference to section 11123(a)(4) of the revised title is substituted for the words "power herein conferred" for clarity. The cross reference to section 11127(a)(1)(C) is inserted in view of that section's applicability to freight forwarders under 49:1020.

In subsections (a)(2) and (b), the words "And in time of peace" are omitted as unnecessary in view of subsection (a) of this section. The words "imposed by any such carrier" are inserted for clarity.

References in Text

Section 11123(a) of this title, referred to in subsec. (a)(1), was amended generally by Pub. L. 96–448, title II, §226, Oct. 14, 1980, 94 Stat. 1930, and, as so amended, the provisions formerly contained in subsec. (a)(4) are generally contained in subsec. (a)(1)(D).

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in sections 10713, 11121, 11126, 11901 of this title.

SUBCHAPTER III—REPORTS AND RECORDS

Subchapter Referred to in Other Sections

This subchapter is referred to in sections 11348, 11901, 11909 of this title.

§11141. Definitions

In this subchapter—

(1) "carrier", "broker", and "lessor" include a receiver or trustee of a carrier (except a household goods freight forwarder), broker, and lessor, respectively.

(2) "lessor" means a person owning a railroad, water line, or a pipeline that is leased to and operated by a carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under subchapter I of chapter 105 of this title, and a person leasing a right to operate as a motor carrier or water carrier to another.

(3) "association" means an organization maintained—

(A) by or in the interest of a group of carriers (except water carriers) or brokers providing transportation or service subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under chapter 105 of this title that performs a service, or engages in activities, related to transportation under this subtitle; or

(B) only by water carriers providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter III of chapter 105 of this title that engages in activities related to the fixing of rates, publication of classifications, or filing of tariffs by water carriers.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1425; Pub. L. 99–521, §9(c), Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2997.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large)
11141 49:20(8). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §20(8); added Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §13(a), 54 Stat. 919; restated Aug. 2, 1949, ch. 379, §9, 63 Stat. 486.
  49:320(e). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §220(e); added Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 563; Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §24, 54 Stat. 927; Aug. 2, 1949, ch. 379, §13, 63 Stat. 487.
  49:913(h). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §313 (less (a)–(g)); added Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §201, 54 Stat. 945; restated Aug. 2, 1949, ch. 379, §18, 63 Stat. 489.
  49:1012(f). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §412(f); added May 16, 1942, ch. 318, §1, 56 Stat. 295; restated Aug. 2, 1949, ch. 379, §22, 63 Stat. 489.

The section consolidates and restates the source provisions for clarity. The words "  'keep' and 'kept' shall be construed to mean made, prepared or compiled, as well as retained" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement. The word "association" is omitted from the text of the definition to eliminate redundancy. The word "tariffs" is substituted for "schedules" for consistency and in view of the definition of "tariff" in section 10102 of the revised title.

Amendments

1986—Par. (1). Pub. L. 99–521 inserted "household goods" before "freight forwarder".

Effective Date of 1986 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 99–521 effective 60 days after Oct. 22, 1986, see section 15 of Pub. L. 99–521, set out as a note under section 10102 of this title.

§11142. Uniform accounting system

The Interstate Commerce Commission may prescribe a uniform accounting system for classes of carriers providing, and brokers for, transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapters II, III, and IV of chapter 105 of this title.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1425; Pub. L. 96–448, title III, §301, Oct. 14, 1980, 94 Stat. 1934.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large)
11142(a) (less last sentence) 49:20(3)(a), (c) (2d sentence). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, §20(3) (less (e)), 24 Stat. 386; June 29, 1906, ch. 3591, §7, 34 Stat. 593; Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §434, 41 Stat. 493; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543; Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §13(a), 54 Stat. 916; restated Feb. 5, 1976, Pub. L. 94–210, §307, 90 Stat. 55.
11142(a) (last sentence) 49:304(a)(1) (related to accounts), (2) (related to accounts), (4) (related to accounts). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §204(a)(1) (related to accounts), (2) (related to accounts), (4) (related to accounts); added Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 546.
  49:913(c). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §313(c); added Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §201, 54 Stat. 944.
  49:1012(a) (3d sentence). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §412(a) (3d sentence); added May 16, 1942, ch. 318, §1, 56 Stat. 294.
11142(b) 49:20(3) (less (a), (c) (2d sentence), and (e)).

In subsection (a), the words "not later than June 30, 1977," and the last 2 sentences of 49:20(3)(a) are omitted as executed. The words "shall prescribe" are substituted for "shall, . . . issue regulations and procedures prescribing" for clarity. The last sentence is a restatement of the relevant provisions of 49:304(a) (1), (2), and (4), 49:913(c), and 1012(c). The words "in its discretion, for purposes of administration of the provisions of this chapter" in 49:1012(c), and "in its discretion, for the purpose of enabling it the better to carry out the purposes of this chapter" in 49:913(c), are omitted as surplus. The words "motor common carrier", "motor contract carrier", "water carriers", and "freight forwarders" are omitted as unnecessary since the word "carrier" encompasses all of them in the subtitle. The words "period of time within which they shall have such uniform system of accounts," are omitted as executed. The words "and the manner in which such accounts shall be kept" are omitted as surplus. The words "uniform accounting system" are substituted for "uniform system of accounts" for clarity. The words "The accounting system established pursuant to this paragraph" in 49:20(3)(c) are omitted from subsection (a) as surplus. The words "notwithstanding any other provision of this section" are omitted as unnecessary.

In subsection (b)(1), the words "To obtain the most accurate cost and revenue information about" are substituted for "In order to assure that the most accurate cost and revenue data can be obtained with respect to" for clarity. The words "fair and reasonable" are omitted as unnecessary in view of section 10701 of the revised title.

In subsection (b)(2), the words "must include information considered appropriate for disclosure" are substituted for "shall include any disclosure considered appropriate" for clarity. The words "notwithstanding any other provision of this section" are omitted as surplus in view of the phrase "to the extent possible". The words "attempt" and "otherwise" are omitted as surplus.

In subsection (b)(3), the words "In order that the accounting system established pursuant to this paragraph continue" are omitted as surplus in view of the realignment of 49:20(3)(d). The words "every 5th year after 1977" are inserted in view of 49:20(3)(a) for clarity.

Amendments

1980Pub. L. 96–448, in generally revising section, struck out provisions authorizing the Commission to prescribe, for rail carriers, a uniform cost and revenue accounting and reporting system, to identify and define for each facet of rail transportation, in order to obtain the most accurate cost and revenue information, operating and nonoperating revenue accounts, direct cost accounts for determining fixed and variable costs of materials, labor, and overhead components of operating expenses and the assigning of costs, and indirect cost accounts for determining common, joint, and constant costs, to require reports including information considered appropriate for disclosure under accepted accounting principles or the requirements of the Commission or the Securities and Exchange Commission, to require information be disclosed only for essential regulatory purposes, and to review rail accounting systems periodically, but at least once every 5th year after 1977, for possible revision. See subchapter IV of this chapter.

Effective Date of 1980 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 96–448 effective Oct. 1, 1980, see section 710(a) of Pub. L. 96–448, set out as a note under section 10101 of this title.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in section 10341 of this title.

§11143. Depreciation charges

The Interstate Commerce Commission shall, for a class of carriers providing transportation subject to its jurisdiction under subchapter I or III of chapter 105 of this title, and may, for a class of carriers providing transportation subject to its jurisdiction under subchapter II of that chapter, prescribe, and change when necessary, those classes of property for which depreciation charges may be included under operating expenses and a rate of depreciation that may be charged to a class of property. The Commission may classify those carriers for purposes of this section. A carrier for whom depreciation charges and rates of depreciation are in effect under this section for any class of property may not—

(1) charge to operating expenses a depreciation charge on a class of property other than that prescribed by the Commission;

(2) charge another rate of depreciation; or

(3) include other depreciation charges in operating expenses.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1426.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
11143 49:20(4). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §20(4); added June 29, 1906, ch. 3591, §7, 34 Stat. 593; Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §434, 41 Stat. 493; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543; restated Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §13(a), 54 Stat. 917.
  49:320(c). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §220(c); added Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §24, 54 Stat. 926.
  49:913(d). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §313(d); added Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §201, 54 Stat. 945.

The section restates the source provisions for clarity. The words "change when necessary" are substituted for "when it deems necessary, modify" for clarity. The words "other than that prescribed therefor by the Commission . . . in any form whatsoever other than as prescribed by the Commission" are omitted as surplus.

§11144. Records: form; inspection; preservation

(a) The Interstate Commerce Commission may prescribe the form of records required to be prepared or compiled under this subchapter—

(1) by carriers, brokers, and lessors, including records related to movement of traffic and receipts and expenditures of money; and

(2) by persons furnishing cars or protective service against heat or cold to or for a rail or express carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter I of chapter 105 of this title to the extent related to those cars or that service.


(b) The Commission, or an employee designated by the Commission, may on demand and display of proper credentials—

(1) inspect and examine the lands, buildings, and equipment of a carrier, broker, or lessor; and

(2) inspect and copy any record of—

(A) a carrier, broker, lessor, or association;

(B) a person controlling, controlled by, or under common control with a carrier if the Commission considers inspection relevant to that person's relation to, or transaction with, that carrier; and

(C) a person furnishing cars or protective service against heat or cold to or for a rail or express carrier if the Commission prescribed the form of that record.


[(c) Repealed. Pub. L. 96–296, §24(c), July 1, 1980, 94 Stat. 816.]

(d) The Commission may prescribe the time period during which operating, accounting, and financial records must be preserved by carriers, brokers, lessors, and persons furnishing cars or protective services.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1426; Pub. L. 96–296, §24(c), July 1, 1980, 94 Stat. 816.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
11144(a) 49:20(5) (1st sentence), (6) (2d sentence, 1st cl.). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, §20(5), (6) (less 2d sentence 2d cl.) (7)(b) (proviso), 24 Stat. 386; June 29, 1906, ch. 3591, §7, 34 Stat. 594; Feb. 25, 1909, ch. 193, §1, 35 Stat. 648; Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §435, 41 Stat. 493; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543; restated Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §13(a), 54 Stat. 917; Aug. 2, 1949, ch. 379, §8, 63 Stat. 486.
  49:320(d) (1st sentence). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §220(d); added Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §24, 54 Stat. 926; Aug. 2, 1949, ch. 379, §12, 63 Stat. 487.
  49:913(e). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §313(e), (f), (g); added Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §201, 54 Stat. 945; Aug. 2, 1949, ch. 379, §17, 63 Stat. 489.
  49:1012(c) (less 32d–44th words). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §412(c), (d), (e); added May 16, 1942, ch. 318, §1, 56 Stat. 295; Aug. 2, 1949, ch. 379, §21, 63 Stat. 489.
11144(b) 49:20(5) (less 1st sentence), (6) (less 2d sentence).
  49:311(d) (related to inspection). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §211(d); added Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 554.
  49:320(d) (3d and 4th sentences).
  49:913(f).
  49:1012(d).
11144(c) 49:320(g). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §220(g); added July 26, 1968, Pub. L. 90–433, §2, 82 Stat. 449.
11144(d) 49:20(7)(b) (proviso).
  49:311(d) (related to time period).
  49:320(d) (less 1st, 3d, and 4th sentences).
  49:913(g).
  49:1012(c) (32d–44th words), (e).

In the section, the word "records" is substituted for "accounts", "records", "books", "correspondence", "memoranda", and "other documents" for consistency in view of section 552a of title 5.

In subsection (a), the words "in its discretion . . . of any and all" are omitted as surplus. The words "by freight forwarders, with respect to service subject to this chapter" are omitted as unnecessary in view of subchapter IV of chapter 105 of the revised title. The last clauses of 49:20(5) (1st sentence), 320(d) (1st sentence), 913(e), and 1012(c) are omitted as unnecessary in view of subchapter II of chapter 103 and chapter 119 of the revised title. The words "required to be prepared or compiled under this subchapter" are inserted for clarity.

In subsection (b), the words "an employee designated by the Commission" are substituted for "any duly authorized special agent, accountant, or examiner thereof" for clarity. The word "may" is substituted for "shall at all times have authority" for clarity. The words "freight forwarder" are omitted as unnecessary in view of subchapter IV of chapter 105 of the revised title. The last sentences (less the last 7 words) of 49:20(5), (6), 320(d), 913(f), and 1012(d) are omitted as surplus. The text of 49:311(d) is omitted as surplus.

In subsection (c), the words "an employee designated by the Commission" are substituted for "its duly authorized special agents, accountants, or examiners" for clarity. The word "may" is substituted for "shall . . . have access to and authority" for clarity. The word "record" is substituted for "accounts, records, or memorandums" in 49:320(g) (proviso) for consistency in view of section 552a of title 5. The words "under its orders" are omitted as surplus. The word "related" is substituted for "pertaining" for consistency. The words "to notify" are substituted for "to give notice" for clarity.

In subsection (d), the words "may prescribe" are substituted for "may in its discretion issue orders specifying" in 49:20(7)(b) (proviso) and for "may issue orders specifying" in 49:320(d) (2d sentence), 913(g), and 1012(e), for clarity. The text of 49:311(d) (related to time period) and 1012(c) (32d–44th words) is omitted as unnecessary in view of this restatement. The word "record" is substituted for "papers, records, books, blanks, tickets, stubs, correspondence, or documents" for consistency in view of section 552a of title 5. The words "time period during which . . . must be preserved" are substituted for "as may, after a reasonable time, be destroyed, and prescribing the length of time the same shall be preserved" for clarity.

Amendments

1980—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 96–296 struck out subsec. (c) which provided that the Commission, or an employee designated by the Commission, inspect and copy, during normal business hours, any record related to motor vehicle transportation of a cooperative association or federation of cooperative associations required to notify the Commission under section 10526(a)(5) of this title but that the Commission not prescribe the form of records to be maintained. See section 10529(a) of this title.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in sections 11901, 11910 of this title.

§11145. Reports by carriers, lessors, and associations

(a) The Interstate Commerce Commission may require—

(1) carriers, brokers, lessors, and associations, or classes of them as the Commission may prescribe, to file annual, periodic, and special reports with the Commission containing answers to questions asked by it; and

(2) a person furnishing cars or protective services against heat or cold to a rail or express carrier providing transportation subject to this subtitle, to file reports with the Commission containing answers to questions about those cars or services.


(b)(1) An annual report shall contain an account, in as much detail as the Commission may require, of the affairs of the carrier, broker, lessor, or association for the 12-month period ending on the 31st day of December of each year. However, when an annual report is made by a motor carrier, a broker, or a lessor or an association maintained by or interested in one of them, the person making the report may elect to make it for the 13-month period accounting year ending at the close of one of the last 7 days of each calendar year if the books of the person making the report are kept by that person on the basis of that accounting year.

(2) An annual report shall be filed with the Commission by the end of the 3d month after the end of the year for which the report is made unless the Commission extends the filing date or changes the period covered by the report. The annual report and, if the Commission requires, any other report made under this section, shall be made under oath.

(c) The Commission shall streamline and simplify, to the maximum extent practicable, the reporting requirements applicable under this subchapter to motor common carriers of property with respect to transportation provided under certificates to which the provisions of section 10922(b)(4)(E) 1 of this title apply and to motor contract carriers of property with respect to transportation provided under permits to which the provisions of section 10923(b)(5) 1 of this title apply.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1427; Pub. L. 96–296, §5(b), July 1, 1980, 94 Stat. 796.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
11145 49:20(1), (2), (6) (2d sentence 2d cl.). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, §20(1), (2), (6) (2d sentence 2d cl.), 24 Stat. 386; June 29, 1906, ch. 3591, §7, 34 Stat. 593; June 18, 1910, ch. 309, §14, 36 Stat. 555; Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §434, 41 Stat. 493; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543; restated Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §13(a), 54 Stat. 916; Aug. 2, 1949, ch. 379, §7, 63 Stat. 486.
  49:320(a) (1st and 2d sentences), (b). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §220(a) (1st and 2d sentences), (b); added Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 563; Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §24, 54 Stat. 926; Aug. 2, 1949, ch. 379, §11, 63 Stat. 487; July 7, 1972, Pub. L. 92–338, §1, 86 Stat. 423.
  49:913(a). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §313(a); added Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §201, 54 Stat. 944; Aug. 2, 1949, ch. 379, §16, 63 Stat. 488.
  49:1012(a) (1st and 2d sentences), (b). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §412(a) (1st and 2d sentences), (b); added May 16, 1942, ch. 318, §1, 56 Stat. 294; Aug. 2, 1949, ch. 379, §20, 63 Stat. 489.

In subsection (a), the words "(as defined in this section)" are omitted as unnecessary. The words "to file" are substituted for "to submit" for clarity. The words "specific and full, true, and correct" are omitted as unnecessary in view of section 11709 of the revised title. The words "may deem information to be necessary" are omitted as surplus. The words "as aforesaid" in 49:20(6) (2d sentence 2d clause) are omitted as surplus. The words "it may deem proper for any of these purposes" are omitted as surplus.

In subsection (b), the words "office in Washington" are omitted as unnecessary in view of section 10307 of the revised title. The words "to prescribe the manner and form in which such reports shall be made" and "in such form and detail as may be prescribed by the Commission" are omitted as unnecessary in view of section 10321(a) of the revised title giving the Commission general authority to carry out the subtitle and to prescribe regulations.

References in Text

Section 10922(b)(4)(E) of this title, referred to in subsec. (c), was redesignated section 10922(c)(4)(E) of this title and subsequently repealed by Pub. L. 103–311, title II, §207(a)(1), (b)(2), Aug. 26, 1994, 108 Stat. 1686, 1687.

Section 10923(b)(5) of this title, referred to in subsec. (c), was redesignated section 10923(c)(5) of this title and subsequently repealed by Pub. L. 103–311, title II, §208(b), (c)(2), Aug. 26, 1994, 108 Stat. 1687, 1688.

Amendments

1980—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 96–296 added subsec. (c).

1 See References in Text note below.

SUBCHAPTER IV—RAILROAD COST ACCOUNTING

§11161. Railroad Accounting Principles Board

(a)(1) There is established a Railroad Accounting Principles Board which shall be within and responsible to the legislative branch of the Federal Government.

(2) The Board shall be composed of the Comptroller General of the United States, who shall serve as chairman, and six members to be appointed by the Comptroller General.

(3) The Comptroller General shall appoint members of the Board from among persons who are well qualified for such position by virtue of experience in or knowledge of rate regulation, accounting, or cost determinations. Of the members of the Board so appointed—

(A) one shall be from the accounting profession;

(B) one shall be from the railroad industry;

(C) one shall be a representative of major rail shippers;

(D) one shall be from the Interstate Commerce Commission;

(E) one shall be a representative of small rail shippers; and

(F) one shall be from the economics profession.


(4) The term of office of each appointed member of the Board shall be three years, except that any member appointed to fill a vacancy in the Board shall serve for the remainder of the term for which his predecessor was appointed.

(5) The Board shall not act in the absence of a quorum, which shall consist of three members.

(b) Each appointed member of the Board shall receive compensation at a rate equal to 1/260 of the rate prescribed for level IV of the Executive Schedule, under section 5315 of title 5, for each day (including traveltime) in which he is engaged in the actual performance of duties vested in the Board.

(c)(1) The Board may utilize personnel from the Federal Government, with the consent of the head of the appropriate Federal department or agency, or appoint individuals from private life, to serve on advisory committees or to provide the staff services necessary to assist the Board in carrying out its functions and responsibilities under this subchapter.

(2) Individuals appointed by the Board under this subsection may be appointed without regard to the provisions of title 5 governing appointments in the competitive service, and may be paid without regard to the provisions of chapter 51 and subchapter III of chapter 53 of such title, relating to classification and General Schedule pay rates.

(d) All Federal departments and agencies are authorized to cooperate with the Board and to furnish information, appropriate personnel (with or without reimbursement), and such financial and other assistance as may be agreed upon by the Board and the Federal department or agency involved.

(e) Members and employees of the Board and all other individuals appointed under this subsection having or having had access to information in the possession of the Board shall be subject to the provisions of section 1905 of title 18.

(f) The Board shall cease to exist three years after the effective date of the Staggers Rail Act of 1980.

(Added Pub. L. 96–448, title III, §302(a), Oct. 14, 1980, 94 Stat. 1934.)

References in Text

Provisions of title 5 governing appointments in the competitive service, referred to in subsec. (c)(2), are classified generally to section 3301 et seq. of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.

The effective date of the Staggers Rail Act of 1980, referred to in subsec. (f), probably means Oct. 1, 1980, the general effective date of Pub. L. 96–448. See section 710 of Pub. L. 96–448, set out as an Effective Date of 1980 Amendment note under section 10101 of this title.

Effective Date

Subchapter effective Oct. 1, 1980, see section 710(a) of Pub. L. 96–448, set out as an Effective Date of 1980 Amendment note under section 10101 of this title.

§11162. Cost accounting principles

(a) Within two years after the effective date of the Staggers Rail Act of 1980, the Railroad Accounting Principles Board shall establish, for rail carriers providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under subchapter I of chapter 105 of this title, principles governing the determination of economically accurate railroad costs directly and indirectly associated with particular movements of goods, including the variable costs associated with particular movements of goods or such other costs as the Board believes most accurately represent the economic costs of such movements. Such principles shall govern the determination of all railroad costs for specific regulatory proceedings under this subtitle.

(b) In developing cost accounting principles under this section, the Board shall take into account the following considerations:

(1) The specific regulatory purposes for which railroad costs are required.

(2) The degree of accuracy of the cost information which is needed to meet regulatory purposes.

(3) The existing capability and the probable future capability of rail carriers to provide such information and the relative benefits and costs of requiring development of additional capability.

(4) The means by which the degree of economic accuracy required can be obtained at the least possible expense and with the least possible information reporting.

(5) The means by which the confidentiality of such costs can best be maintained while meeting the need for such information in regulatory proceedings.


(c) The cost accounting principles established by the Board shall require that cost information be reported or disclosed only for the essential regulatory purposes defined by the Board.

(Added Pub. L. 96–448, title III, §302(a), Oct. 14, 1980, 94 Stat. 1935; amended Pub. L. 103–272, §4(j)(30), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1370.)

References in Text

The effective date of the Staggers Rail Act of 1980, referred to in subsec. (a), probably means Oct. 1, 1980, the general effective date of Pub. L. 96–448. See section 710 of Pub. L. 96–448, set out as an Effective Date of 1980 Amendment note under section 10101 of this title.

Amendments

1994—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 103–272 substituted "proceedings under this subtitle" for "proceedings under this title".

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in sections 11163, 11166 of this title.

§11163. Implementation of cost accounting principles

Upon the establishment of cost accounting principles by the Railroad Accounting Principles Board under section 11162 of this title, the Interstate Commerce Commission shall promptly promulgate rules to implement and enforce such principles. Not less than once every five years after the promulgation of the original rules, the Commission shall review the principles of the Board and shall, by rule, make such changes in such principles as are required to achieve the regulatory purposes of this subtitle and the goals of this subchapter. The Commission shall insure that the rules promulgated under this section are the most efficient and least burdensome means by which the required information may be developed for regulatory purposes.

(Added Pub. L. 96–448, title III, §302(a), Oct. 14, 1980, 94 Stat. 1936; amended Pub. L. 103–272, §4(j)(31), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1370.)

Amendments

1994Pub. L. 103–272 substituted "purposes of this subtitle" for "purposes of this title".

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in section 11164 of this title.

§11164. Certification of rail carrier cost accounting systems

(a) Within 180 days after the effective date of the Staggers Rail Act of 1980, each rail carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under subchapter I of chapter 105 of this title shall file with the Commission a request for preliminary certification of its cost accounting system. The Commission shall grant such preliminary certification if it determines that the cost accounting system of such rail carrier is in compliance with the accounting standards of the Commission in effect on the day prior to the effective date of the Staggers Rail Act of 1980.

(b)(1) As soon as practicable, but not later than 9 months, after the promulgation of rules by the Commission under section 11163 of this title, each rail carrier described in subsection (a) of this section shall file with the Commission a request for final certification of its cost accounting system developed to comply with this section.

(2) Within 90 days, or such additional time as the Commission finds necessary, after a rail carrier files its request for final certification under paragraph (1) of this subsection, the Commission shall grant such final certification to such carrier if the Commission determines that the cost accounting system of such carrier is in compliance with the rules promulgated by the Commission under section 11163 of this title. If the Commission denies such final certification, the rail carrier shall revise its cost accounting system and file a new request for certification within 90 days after the date of such denial. The Commission shall thereupon grant final certification if it determines that such cost accounting system, as revised, is in compliance with such rules. If the Commission again denies final certification to the rail carrier, the Commission shall prescribe a cost accounting system which such carrier shall adopt within a reasonable time and which shall be considered a finally certified cost accounting system for purposes of this section.

(c) Each rail carrier shall have and maintain a cost accounting system that is in compliance with the rules promulgated by the Commission under section 11163 of this title.

(d)(1) Certification under this section that the cost accounting system of a rail carrier is in compliance with the rules promulgated by the Commission under section 11163 of this title shall be valid until the promulgation of new rules by the Commission.

(2) After the cost accounting system of a rail carrier is certified under this section, such rail carrier may, after notifying the Commission, make modifications in such system unless, within 60 days after the date of notification, the Commission finds such modifications to be inconsistent with the rules promulgated by the Commission under section 11163 of this title.

(e) For purposes of determining whether the cost accounting system of a rail carrier is in compliance with the rules promulgated by the Commission, the Commission shall have the right to examine and make copies of any documents, papers, or records of such rail carrier relating to compliance with such rules. Such documents, papers, and records (and any copies thereof) shall not be subject to the mandatory disclosure requirements of section 552 of title 5.

(Added Pub. L. 96–448, title III, §302(a), Oct. 14, 1980, 94 Stat. 1936.)

References in Text

The effective date of the Staggers Rail Act of 1980, referred to in subsec. (a), probably means Oct. 1, 1980, the general effective date of Pub. L. 96–448. See section 710 of Pub. L. 96–448, set out as an Effective Date of 1980 Amendment note under section 10101 of this title.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in section 11913a of this title.

§11165. Cost availability

As required by the rules of the Interstate Commerce Commission governing discovery in Commission proceedings, rail carriers shall make relevant cost data available to shippers, States, ports, communities, and other interested parties that are a party to a Commission proceeding in which such data is required.

(Added Pub. L. 96–448, title III, §302(a), Oct. 14, 1980, 94 Stat. 1937.)

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in section 11910 of this title.

§11166. Accounting and cost reporting

(a) To obtain expense and revenue information for regulatory purposes, the Interstate Commerce Commission may promulgate reasonable rules for rail carriers providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter I of chapter 105 of this title, prescribing expense and revenue accounting and reporting requirements consistent with generally accepted accounting principles uniformly applied to such carriers. Such requirements shall be cost effective and compatible with and not duplicative of the managerial and responsibility accounting requirements of those carriers. To the extent such rules are required solely to provide expense and revenue information necessary for determining railroad costs in regulatory proceedings under this subtitle, such rules shall be promulgated in accordance with the cost accounting principles established by the Railroad Accounting Principles Board under section 11162 of this title.

(b) Any reports required by the rules established by the Commission under this section shall include only information considered necessary for disclosure under the cost accounting principles established by the Board or under generally accepted accounting principles or the requirements of the Securities and Exchange Commission.

(Added Pub. L. 96–448, title III, §302(a), Oct. 14, 1980, 94 Stat. 1937; amended Pub. L. 103–272, §4(j)(32), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1370.)

Amendments

1994—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 103–272 substituted "under this subtitle" for "pursuant to this title".

§11167. Report

The Railroad Accounting Principles Board shall, within 2 years after the effective date of the Staggers Rail Act of 1980, submit to the Congress a report setting forth any recommendations of the Board for appropriate legislative or administrative action in order to integrate the cost accounting principles and the cost accounting system certification process under this subchapter into existing rail carrier rate regulation under this subtitle, including determinations under section 10709 of this title.

(Added Pub. L. 96–448, title III, §302(a), Oct. 14, 1980, 94 Stat. 1938; amended Pub. L. 103–272, §4(j)(33), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1370.)

References in Text

The effective date of the Staggers Rail Act of 1980, referred to in text, probably means Oct. 1, 1980, the general effective date of Pub. L. 96–448. See section 710 of Pub. L. 96–448, set out as an Effective Date of 1980 Amendment note under section 10101 of this title.

Amendments

1994Pub. L. 103–272 substituted "under this subtitle" for "under this title".

§11168. Authorization of appropriations

There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out the provisions of this subchapter not to exceed $1,000,000 for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1981, not to exceed $1,000,000 for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1982, and not to exceed $1,000,000 for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1983.

(Added Pub. L. 96–448, title III, §302(a), Oct. 14, 1980, 94 Stat. 1938.)

CHAPTER 113—FINANCE

SUBCHAPTER I—CARRIER SECURITIES, EQUIPMENT TRUSTS, AND SECURITY INTERESTS

Sec.
11301.
Authority of certain carriers to issue securities and assume obligations and liabilities.
[11302.
Repealed.]
11303.
Equipment trusts: recordation; evidence of indebtedness.
11304.
Security interests in certain motor vehicles.

        

SUBCHAPTER II—OWNERSHIP

11321.
Limitation on ownership of certain water carriers.
11322.
Restrictions on officers and directors.
11323.
Limitation on ownership of other carriers by household goods freight forwarders.

        

SUBCHAPTER III—COMBINATIONS

11341.
Scope of authority.
11342.
Limitation on pooling and division of transportation or earnings.
11343.
Consolidation, merger, and acquisition of control.
11344.
Consolidation, merger, and acquisition of control: general procedure and conditions of approval.
11345.
Consolidation, merger, and acquisition of control: rail carrier procedure.
11345a.
Consolidation, merger, and acquisition of control: motor carrier procedure.
11346.
Consolidation, merger, and acquisition of control: expedited rail carrier procedure.
11347.
Employee protective arrangements in transactions involving rail carriers.
11348.
Interstate Commerce Commission authority over noncarrier that acquires control of carrier.
11349.
Temporary operating approval for transactions involving motor and water carriers.
11350.
Responsibility of the Secretary of Transportation in certain transactions.
11351.
Supplemental orders.

        

SUBCHAPTER IV—FINANCIAL STRUCTURE

11361.
Scope of authority: changes in financial structure.
11362.
Criteria for approval and authority.
11363.
Assent of holders of securities and certain other instruments.
11364.
Procedure.
11365.
Effect of change on other persons.
11366.
Reports.
11367.
Application of other laws.

        

Amendments

1986Pub. L. 99–521, §10(b)(2), Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2997, inserted "household goods" before "freight forwarders" in item 11323.

1982Pub. L. 97–261, §19(a), Sept. 20, 1982, 96 Stat. 1121, struck out item 11302 "Issuance of securities and assumption of obligations and liabilities by motor carriers".

Pub. L. 97–261, §21(e), Sept. 20, 1982, 96 Stat. 1123, struck out "of property" after "motor carrier" in item 11345a.

1980Pub. L. 96–296, §27(b), July 1, 1980, 94 Stat. 819, added item 11345a.

Pub. L. 96–258, §1(13)(B), June 3, 1980, 94 Stat. 427, added item 11351.

SUBCHAPTER I—CARRIER SECURITIES, EQUIPMENT TRUSTS, AND SECURITY INTERESTS

§11301. Authority of certain carriers to issue securities and assume obligations and liabilities

(a) In this section—

(1) "carrier" means a rail or sleeping car carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under subchapter I of chapter 105 of this title (except a street, suburban, or interurban electric railway not operated as a part of a general railroad system of transportation), and a corporation organized to provide transportation by rail carrier subject to that subchapter.

(2) "security" means a share of capital stock, a bond, or other evidence of interest in, or indebtedness of, a carrier.


(b)(1) Subject to the Securities Act of 1933 (15 U.S.C. 77a et seq.), the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (15 U.S.C. 78a et seq.), and the Investment Company Act of 1940 (15 U.S.C. 80a–1 et seq.), the Commission has exclusive jurisdiction to approve the issuance of securities by a carrier and the assumption of an obligation or liability related to the securities of another person by a carrier. A carrier may not issue securities or assume those obligations or liabilities without the approval of the Commission. No other approval is required. A security issued or obligation or liability assumed by a carrier in violation of this subsection or in violation of a condition prescribed by the Commission under subsection (d) of this section is void. However, a security or obligation issued or assumed under authority of this section is not void for failure to comply with a procedural requirement of this section or other matter preceding entry of the order of the Commission.

(2) Paragraph (1) of this subsection does not apply to notes issued by a carrier if the notes mature not more than 2 years after their date of issue and total (with all then outstanding notes having a maturity of not more than 2 years) not more than 5 percent of the par value of the then outstanding securities of that carrier. If the securities do not have a par value, the par value of those securities is the fair market value on the date of issue. Paragraph (1) of this subsection applies to a subsequent funding of notes referred to in this paragraph.

(c)(1) A carrier issuing notes referred to in subsection (b)(2) of this section shall file a certificate of notification with the Commission by the end of the 10th day after they are issued. That notification must include substantially the same matter required by the Commission for an application for authority to issue other securities.

(2) A carrier that pledges, repledges, or otherwise disposes of a security referred to in an application for authority or a certificate of notification under this section as pledged or held unencumbered in the treasury of that carrier shall file a certificate of notification with the Commission by the end of the 10th day after it disposes of the security.

(d)(1) The Commission may begin a proceeding under this section on application of a carrier. Before taking final action, the Commission must investigate the purpose and use of the securities issue or assumption and the proceeds from it. The Commission may approve any part of the application and may require the carrier to comply with appropriate conditions. After an application is approved under this section, the Commission may change a condition previously imposed or use that may be made of the securities or proceeds for good cause shown subject to the requirements of this section. The Commission may approve an application under this section only when it finds that the securities issue or assumption—

(A) is for a lawful object within the corporate purpose of the carrier and reasonably appropriate for that purpose;

(B) is compatible with the public interest;

(C) is appropriate for or consistent with the proper performance by the carrier of service to the public as a common carrier; and

(D) will not impair the financial ability of the carrier to provide the service.


(2) An application or certificate must be made under oath and signed and filed for the carrier by a designated executive officer who knows the matters stated in the application or certificate. On receipt of an application of a carrier under this section, the Commission shall have a copy of the application served on the chief executive officer of each State in which that carrier operates. The appropriate authorities of those States are entitled to be admitted as parties to a proceeding under this section to represent the rights and interests of their people and States.

(e) The Commission shall require a carrier that issues securities, including notes, under this section to submit reports to it. The reports must identify the disposition of those securities and the application of the proceeds from their disposition.

(f) This section does not imply a guaranty or obligation of those securities by the United States Government. This section does not apply to securities issued or obligations or liabilities assumed by the United States Government, a State, or an instrumentality or political subdivision of one of them.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1428; Pub. L. 103–429, §6(16), Oct. 31, 1994, 108 Stat. 4379.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Pub. L. 95–473
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
11301(a)(1) 49:20a(1). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §20a (less (11) 2d, 3d, and 4th sentences, and (12)); added Feb. 28, 1920, Ch. 91, §439, 41 Stat. 494; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543; Aug. 2, 1949, ch. 487, §10, 63 Stat. 487; July 24, 1965, Pub. L. 89–86, §1, 79 Stat. 263.
11301(a)(2) 49:20a(2) (1st sentence 10th–35th words).
11301(b)(1) 49:20a(2) (1st sentence less 10th–35th and 73d–136th words and last sentence), (7), (11) (1st sentence).
11301(b)(2) 49:20a(9) (1st and 2d sentences and last sentence proviso).
11301(c)(1) 49:20a(9) (less 1st and 2d sentences and last sentence proviso).
11301(c)(2) 49:20a(5).
11301(d) 49:20a(2) (1st sentence 73d–136th words and last sentence words before proviso), (3), (4), (6).
11301(e) 49:20a(10).
11301(f) 49:20a(2) (last sentence proviso), (8).

In subsection (a)(1), the words "As used . . . the term" are omitted as surplus. The words "to provide" are substituted for "for the purpose of engaging" for clarity. The word "steam" is omitted as surplus in view of 49:1(18) and 1a(1).

In subsection (a)(2), the words "(hereinafter in this section collectively termed 'securities')" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement.

In subsection (b)(1), the words "Subject to subchapter I of chapter 2A, chapter 2B, and subchapter I of chapter 2D of title 15" are added to reflect the concurrent jurisdiction established under section 308 of the Railroad Revitalization and Regulatory Reform Act of 1976. The word "exclusive" is substituted for "exclusive and plenary" because it is inclusive. The words "No other approval is required" are substituted for "and a carrier may issue securities and assume obligations or liabilities in accordance with the provisions of the section without securing approval other than as specified herein" for clarity and consistency because section 308 of that Act did not extend concurrent jurisdiction to the States. The words "may not" are substituted for "It shall be unlawful for" for clarity. The words "issue securities" are added in view of the restatement. The words "Lessor, lessee, guarantor, indorser, surety, or otherwise" are omitted as surplus. The words "natural or artificial" are omitted as surplus in view of the definition of "person" in section 10102 of the revised title. The words "even though permitted by the authority creating the carrier corporation" are omitted as surplus. The words "in violation of this subsection . . . is void" are substituted for "for which under the provisions of this section the authorization of the Commission is required, shall be void, if issued or assumed without such authorization therefor having first been obtained" in view of the restatement of 49:20a. The words "in violation of a condition prescribed by the Commission under subsection (d) of this section" are substituted for "contrary to any term or condition of such order of authorization as modified by any order supplemental thereto entered prior to such issuance or assumption" for clarity.

In subsection (b)(2), the words "Paragraph (1) of this subsection does not apply" are substituted for "The foregoing provisions of this section shall not apply" to conform to the restatement of 49:20a. The words "issued by a carrier if the notes" are substituted for "to be issued by the carrier maturing" for clarity. The words "date of issue" are substituted for "date thereof" for clarity. The word "together" is omitted as surplus. The words "not more than 2 years" are substituted for "of two years or less" for consistency. The word "if" is substituted for "In the case of" for clarity. The word "is" is substituted for "for the purposes of this paragraph shall be" to reflect the statement of fact. The words "Paragraph (1) of this section applies" are substituted for "the provisions of this section respecting other securities shall apply" for clarity.

In subsection (c)(1), the words "in such form as may from time to time be determined and prescribed by the Commission" are omitted as unnecessary in view of section 10321(a) of the revised title. The words "must include substantially the same matter" are substituted for "setting forth as nearly as may be the same matters" for clarity in view of the power of the Commission to prescribe the contents of the notification under section 10321(a) of the revised title.

In subsection (c)(2), the words "otherwise disposes" are substituted for "sold . . . or otherwise disposed" as being inclusive. The words "pledges, repledges" are retained for clarity. The words "referred to in" are substituted for "set forth and described in" for clarity in view of the further identification of those securities as being "pledged or held unencumbered in the treasury". The words "subsequent to the filing of such application or certificate" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement. The words "by the end of the 10th day after it disposes" are substituted for "within ten days after such sale, pledge, repledge, or other disposition" for clarity and consistency. The words "to that effect, setting forth therein all such facts as may be required by the Commission" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the power of the Commission to prescribe the contents of the notification under subsection (d) of the revised section.

In subsection (d)(1), the first sentence is added for clarity and substituted for the last sentence of 49:20a(6) in view of subchapter II of chapter 5 of title 5. The words "Before taking final action" are substituted for "the Commission by order" in 49:20a(2) for consistency. The 3d and 4th sentences are substituted for 49:20a(3) for clarity in view of subchapter II of chapter 5 of title 5 and subchapter II of chapter 103 of the revised title. The words "for a lawful object within the corporate purpose of the carrier and reasonably appropriate for that purpose" are substituted for "is for some lawful object within its corporate purposes . . . and (b) is reasonably necessary and appropriate for such purpose" for clarity. The word "appropriate" is substituted for "necessary and appropriate" as being more inclusive.

In subsection (d)(2), the words "Every application for authority shall be made in such form and contain such matters as the Commission may prescribe" are omitted in view of section 10321(a) of the revised title. The words "executive officer who knows the matters stated in" are substituted for "its president, a vice president, auditor, comptroller, or other executive officer having knowledge of the matters therein set forth" as being more inclusive and for clarity. The word "duly" is omitted as surplus. The words "application of a carrier under this section" are substituted for "application for authority" in 49:20a(5) for clarity. The words "shall have a copy of the application served on the chief executive officer" are substituted for "shall cause notice thereof to be given and a copy filed with the governor" for clarity. The words "The appropriate authorities of those States" are substituted for "The railroad commissions, public service, or utilities commissions, or other appropriate State authorities of the State" as being more inclusive. The words "are entitled" are substituted for "shall have the right" for clarity. The words "to be admitted as parties to a proceeding under this section" are substituted for "to make before the Commission such representations as they may deem just and proper" for clarity in view of subchapter II of chapter 5 of title 5. The words "to represent the rights and interests of their people and States" are substituted for "for preserving and conserving the rights and interests of their people and the States, respectively, involved in such proceedings" for clarity.

In subsection (e), the word "reports" is substituted for "periodical or special reports" as being more inclusive. The words "The reports must identify" are substituted for "which shall show" for clarity.

In subsection (f), the words "This section does not" are substituted for "nothing herein shall be construed" and "Provided, That nothing in this section is to be construed as applying" in 49:20a (8) and (2), respectively, for clarity. The words "political subdivision" are substituted for "political subdivision or municipal corporation" as being more inclusive.

Pub. L. 103–429

This amends 49:11301(b)(1) to provide a cross-reference that conforms to the style of title 49.

References in Text

The Securities Act of 1933, referred to in subsec. (b)(1), is act May 27, 1933, ch. 38, title I, 48 Stat. 74, as amended, which is classified generally to subchapter I (§77a et seq.) of chapter 2A of Title 15, Commerce and Trade. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see section 77a of Title 15 and Tables.

The Securities Exchange Act of 1934, referred to in subsec. (b)(1), is act June 6, 1934, ch. 404, 48 Stat. 881, as amended, which is classified principally to chapter 2B (§78a et seq.) of Title 15. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see section 78a of Title 15 and Tables.

The Investment Company Act of 1940, referred to in subsec. (b)(1), is title I of act Aug. 22, 1940, ch. 686, 54 Stat. 789, as amended, which is classified principally to subchapter I (§80a–1 et seq.) of chapter 2D of Title 15. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see section 80a–51 of Title 15 and Tables.

Amendments

1994—Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 103–429 substituted "the Securities Act of 1933 (15 U.S.C. 77a et seq.), the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (15 U.S.C. 78a et seq.), and the Investment Company Act of 1940 (15 U.S.C. 80a–1 et seq.)" for "subchapter I of chapter 2A, chapter 2B, and subchapter I of chapter 2D of title 15".

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in sections 11322, 11348, 11361, 11362, 11367, 11709, 11911 of this title; title 45 sections 726, 791, 830.

[§11302. Repealed. Pub. L. 97–261, §19(a), Sept. 20, 1982, 96 Stat. 1121]

Section, Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1430; Pub. L. 96–296, §18(a), July 1, 1980, 96 Stat. 811, provided that section 11301 of this title applied to motor carriers and corporations subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under subchapter II of chapter 105 of this title, but did not apply to corporations under a certain capitalization, and that this section did not apply to the Federal, State, or local governments.

Effective Date of Repeal

Repeal effective on 60th day after Sept. 20, 1982, see section 31(a) of Pub. L. 97–261, set out as an Effective Date of 1982 Amendment note under section 10101 of this title.

§11303. Equipment trusts: recordation; evidence of indebtedness

(a) A mortgage (other than a mortgage under chapter 313 of title 46), lease, equipment trust agreement, conditional sales agreement, or other instrument evidencing the mortgage, lease, conditional sale, or bailment of railroad cars, locomotives, or other rolling stock or vessels, intended for a use related to interstate commerce may be filed with the Interstate Commerce Commission. An assignment of a right or interest under one of those instruments and an amendment to that instrument or assignment including a release, discharge, or satisfaction of any part of it may also be filed with the Commission. The instrument, assignment, or amendment must be in writing, executed by the parties to it, and acknowledged or verified under Commission regulations. When filed under this section, that document is notice to, and enforceable against, all persons. A document filed under this section does not have to be filed, deposited, registered, or recorded under another law of the United States, a State (or its political subdivisions), or territory or possession of the United States, related to filing, deposit, registration, or recordation of those documents. This section does not change chapter 313 of title 46.

(b) The Commission shall maintain a system for recording each document filed under subsection (a) of this section and mark each of them with a consecutive number and the date and hour of their recordation. The Commission shall maintain and keep open for public inspection an index of documents filed under that subsection. That index shall include the name and address of the principal debtors, trustees, guarantors, and other parties to those documents and may include other facts that will assist in determining the rights of the parties to those transactions.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1430; Pub. L. 103–272, §5(m)(30), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1378.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
11303 49:20c. Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §20c; added July 16, 1952, ch. 881, §1, 66 Stat. 724.
  49:922a. Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §323; added Oct. 17, 1968, Pub. L. 90–586, §1(2), 82 Stat. 1149.

In subsection (a), the words "intended for a use related to" are substituted for "used or intended for use in connection with" for clarity and as being more inclusive. The word "amendment" is substituted for "supplement or amendment" as being more inclusive. The words "any part of" are substituted for "in whole or in part" as being more precise. The words "The instrument . . . must be" are substituted for "provided such instrument . . . is" for clarity. The words "under Commission regulations" are substituted for "in accordance with such requirements as the Commission shall prescribe" in view of the general power to prescribe regulations under section 10321 of the revised title. The words "that document" are substituted for "any such instrument or other document" as being more inclusive. The word "valid" is omitted as surplus. The words "all persons" are substituted for "all persons including, without limitation, any purchaser from, or mortgagee, creditor, receiver, or trustee in bankruptcy of, the mortgagor, buyer, lessee, or bailee of the equipment covered thereby" as being more inclusive. The words "When filed" are substituted for "from and after the time . . . is so filed" to eliminate redundancy. The words "does not have to be filed" are substituted for "need not be otherwise filed" for clarity. The words "of America" are omitted as surplus. The word "district" is omitted as unnecessary in view of the definition of "State" in section 10102 of the revised title. The words "related to" are substituted for "respecting the" for clarity. The words "Provided, however, That" are omitted as surplus. The words "does not change" are substituted for "nothing contained in . . . shall, in any way, be construed to alter or amend" for clarity.

In subsection (b), the word "establish" is omitted as executed. The words "and mark each of them" are substituted for "and shall cause to be" for clarity. The word "mark" is substituted for "marked or stamped" as being more inclusive. The word "thereon" is omitted as surplus. The words "and may include other facts that will assist in determining" are substituted for "as well as such other facts as may be necessary to facilitate" for clarity.

Amendments

1994—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 103–272 substituted "chapter 313 of title 46" for "the Ship Mortgage Act, 1920" in two places.

§11304. Security interests in certain motor vehicles

(a) In this section—

(1) "motor vehicle" means a truck of rated capacity (gross vehicle weight) of at least 10,000 pounds, a highway tractor of rated capacity (gross combination weight) of at least 10,000 pounds, a property-carrying trailer or semitrailer with at least one load-carrying axle of at least 10,000 pounds, or a motor bus with a seating capacity of at least 10 individuals.

(2) "lien creditor" means a creditor having a lien on a motor vehicle and includes an assignee for benefit of creditors from the date of assignment, a trustee in a case under title 11 from the date of filing of the petition in that case, and a receiver in equity from the date of appointment of the receiver.

(3) "security interest" means an interest (including an interest established by a conditional sales contract, mortgage, equipment trust, or other lien or title retention contract, or lease) in a motor vehicle when the interest secures payment or performance of an obligation.

(4) "perfection", as related to a security interest, means taking action (including public filing, recording, notation on a certificate of title, and possession of collateral by the secured party), or the existence of facts, required under law to make a security interest enforceable against general creditors and subsequent lien creditors of a debtor, but does not include compliance with requirements related only to the establishment of a valid security interest between the debtor and the secured party.


(b) A security interest in a motor vehicle owned by, or in the possession and use of, a carrier having a certificate or permit issued under section 10922 or 10923 of this title and owing payment or performance of an obligation secured by that security interest is perfected in all jurisdictions against all general, and subsequent lien, creditors of, and all persons taking a motor vehicle by sale (or taking or retaining a security interest in a motor vehicle) from, that carrier when—

(1) a certificate of title is issued for a motor vehicle under a law of a jurisdiction that requires or permits indication, on a certificate or title, of a security interest in the motor vehicle if the security interest is indicated on the certificate;

(2) a certificate of title has not been issued and the law of the State where the principal place of business of that carrier is located requires or permits public filing or recording of, or in relation to, that security interest if there has been such a public filing or recording; and

(3) a certificate of title has not been issued and the security interest cannot be perfected under paragraph (2) of this subsection, if the security interest has been perfected under the law (including the conflict of laws rules) of the State where the principal place of business of that carrier is located.


(c) This section does not affect a security interest perfected before January 1, 1959.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1431; Pub. L. 96–258, §1(12), June 3, 1980, 94 Stat. 426.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Pub. L. 95–473
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
11304(a)(1) 49:313(a)(6). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §213; added Aug. 23, 1958, Pub. L. 85–728, §1, 72 Stat. 812.
11304(a)(2) 49:313(a)(3).
11303(a)(3) 49:313(a)(5).
11304(a)(4) 49:313(a)(4).
11304(b) 49:313(a)(1), (2), (5), (7), (b), (c), (d).
11304(c) 49:313 (less (a)–(d)).

The text of 49:313(a)(1), (2), and (7) is included in the text of subsection (b) of the revised section to eliminate unnecessary definitions. The words "District of Columbia" are omitted in view of the definition of "State" in section 10102 of the revised title.

In subsection (a)(1), the word "of" is substituted for "having a" for clarity. The words "at least 10,000 pounds" are substituted for "of ten thousand pounds or more" for clarity. The word "individuals" is substituted for "persons" as being more precise.

In subsection (a)(2), the words "having a lien on a motor vehicle" are substituted for "who has acquired a lien on the motor vehicle involved by attachment, levy, or the like" for clarity and as being more precise. The word "date" is substituted for "time" as being more precise.

In subsection (a)(3), the words "but not limited to" are omitted as surplus. The words "owned by, or the possession and use of which vehicle has been transferred to, a debtor carrier" are omitted as surplus. The words "when the interest secures" are substituted for "which interest secures" for clarity.

In subsection (a)(4), the words "taking action" are substituted for "the taking of the steps" as being more precise. The words "but not limited to" are omitted as surplus. The word "applicable" is omitted as unnecessary. The words "compliance with requirements related only to" are substituted for "any reference to compliance with requirements, if any, as to capacity, authority, form of instruments, value, consideration, good faith, and other matters which go only to" for clarity and as being more inclusive. The word "establishment" is substituted for "creation" as being more appropriate.

In the introductory matter in subsection (b), 49:313(a)(1) and (7) are restated for clarity. The words "carrier having a certificate or permit issued under section 10922 or 10923 of this title" are substituted for "common or contract carrier having a certificate of public convenience and necessity or permit issued under this Act" for clarity and to conform to the style of the revised title. The words " 'debtor carrier' means" and " 'purchaser' means" are omitted as surplus.

In subsection (b), the word "law" is substituted for "statute" as being more appropriate. The words "In the case of any security interest in a motor vehicle for which" are omitted as surplus. The word "and" is substituted for "(1) if" for clarity. The words "in relation to" are substituted for "with respect to" for clarity. The words "and (2)" are omitted as surplus. The words "perfection of such a security interest shall be governed by the law of" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement. The words "as to general creditors and subsequent lien creditors" are omitted as surplus in view of subsection (a)(4) of the revised section. The words "of the United States" are omitted as unnecessary.

Pub. L. 96–258
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
11304(a)(2) 49:313(a)(3). Nov. 6, 1978, Pub. L. 95–598, §337(b), 92 Stat. 2681.

Amendments

1980—Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 96–258 substituted "a trustee in a case under title 11 from the date of filing of the petition in that case" for "a trustee in bankruptcy from the date of filing of the petition in bankruptcy".

Effective Date of 1980 Amendment

Section 3(e) of Pub. L. 96–258 provided that: "The amendment made by section 1(12) of this Act [amending this section] and the repeal, by subsection (b) of this section, of section 337 of the Act of November 6, 1978 (Public Law 95–598, 92 Stat. 2680) [amending sections 20c, 313, and 922a of former Title 49, Transportation], are effective on the date of enactment of this Act [June 3, 1980] or on October 1, 1979, whichever is later."

SUBCHAPTER II—OWNERSHIP

§11321. Limitation on ownership of certain water carriers

(a)(1) Notwithstanding sections 11343 and 11344 of this title, a carrier, or a person controlling, controlled by, or under common control with a rail, express, sleeping car, or pipeline carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under subchapter I of chapter 105 of this title may not own, operate, control, or have an interest in a water common carrier or vessel carrying property or passengers on a water route with which it does or may compete for traffic.

(2) The Commission may decide, after a full hearing, questions of fact related to competition or the possibility of competition under this subsection on application of a carrier. A carrier may file an application to determine whether an existing service violates this subsection and may request permission to continue operation of a vessel or that action be taken under subsection (b) of this section. The Commission may begin a proceeding under this subsection on its own initiative or on application of a shipper to investigate the operation of a vessel used by a carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter I of that chapter if the carrier has not applied to the Commission and had the question of competition or the possibility of competition determined under this subsection.

(b) Notwithstanding subsection (a) of this section, the Commission may authorize a carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under that subchapter to own, operate, control, or have an interest in a water common carrier or vessel that is not operated through the Panama Canal and with which the carrier does or may compete for traffic when the Commission finds that ownership, operation, control, or interest will still allow that water common carrier or vessel to be operated in the public interest advantageously to interstate commerce and that it will still allow competition, without reduction, on the water route in question. However, section 11343 of this title also applies to a transaction or interest under this subsection if the transaction or interest is within the scope of that section. The Commission may begin a proceeding under this subsection on application of a carrier. An authorization under this subsection is not necessary for a carrier that obtained an order of extension before September 18, 1940, under section 5(21) of the Interstate Commerce Act (37 Stat. 567), as amended, if the order is still in effect.

(c) The Commission may take action under this section only after a full hearing. An order entered as a result of the action may be conditioned on giving security for the payment of an amount of money or the discharge of an obligation that is required to be paid or discharged under that order.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1432.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
11321(a) 49:5(15) (less words after semicolon), (16). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §5(15) (less words after semicolon), (16), (17); added Aug. 24, 1912, ch. 390, §11 (first 2 pars.), 37 Stat. 566; Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §408, 41 Stat. 482; June 16, 1933, ch. 91, §203, 48 Stat. 220; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543; restated Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §7, 54 Stat. 909; Feb. 5, 1976, Pub. L. 94–210, §403, 90 Stat. 63, 66; Oct. 19, 1976, Pub. L. 94–555, §220(i), 90 Stat. 2630.
11321(b) 49:5(17).
11321(c) 49:51 (related to ownership). Aug. 24, 1912, ch. 390, §11 (last par.) (related to ownership), 37 Stat. 568.

In subsection (a)(1), the words "the provisions of" are omitted as surplus. The words "from and after the 1st day of July 1914" and "(after September 18, 1940)" are omitted as obsolete. The words "rail, express, sleeping car, or pipeline carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under subchapter I of chapter 105 of this title" are substituted for "any carrier, as defined in section 1(3) of this title" for clarity and to conform to the restatement. The words "have an interest in" are substituted for "have any interest whatsoever (by stock ownership or otherwise, either directly, indirectly, through any holding company, or by stockholders or directors in common, or in any other manner)" as being more inclusive. The words "operated through the Panama Canal or elsewhere" are omitted as surplus. The words "with which it" are substituted for "with which such carrier aforesaid" for clarity. The words "on a water route" are substituted for "upon said water route or elsewhere" as being more inclusive.

In subsection (a)(2), the words "The Commission may decide" are substituted for "Jurisdiction is conferred on the Commission to determine" for clarity. The word "carrier" is substituted for "railroad company or other carrier" as being more inclusive. The words "to determine" are substituted for "for the purpose of determining" for clarity. The word "request" is substituted for "pray" as being more appropriate. The words "that action be taken under subsection (b) of this section" are substituted for "for an order under the provisions of paragraph (16) of this section" to conform to the revised section and for clarity in view of subchapter II of chapter 5 of title 5. The word "initiative" is substituted for "motion" for consistency. The word "investigate" is substituted for "inquiry into" for clarity. The word "if" is inserted in the last sentence for clarity. The last sentence of 49:5(16) is omitted as surplus in view of subchapter II of chapter 103 of the revised title and subchapter II of chapter 5 of title 5.

In subsection (b), the words "the Commission may" are substituted for "the Commission shall have authority" for clarity. The words "when the Commission finds" are substituted for "if the Commission shall find" for clarity. The words "will still allow" are substituted for "will not prevent" for clarity. The words "advantageously to interstate commerce" are substituted for "and with advantage to the convenience and commerce of the people" for clarity. The words "will still allow competition, without reduction," are substituted for "will not exclude, prevent, or reduce competition" for clarity. The words "in question" are substituted for "under consideration" for clarity. The 2d sentence restates 49:5(17) (1st proviso) for clarity and to conform to the revised title. The 3d sentence is substituted for "upon application of any carrier, . . . and after hearing, by order" for clarity in view of subchapter II of chapter 5 of title 5. The words "An authorization under this subsection is not necessary" are substituted for "And provided further, That no such authorization shall be necessary" for clarity. The words "having the ownership, lease, operation, control, or interest" in 49:5(17) (2d proviso) are omitted as surplus. The words "under section 5(21) of the Interstate Commerce Act (37 Stat. 567), as amended," are substituted for "under the provisions of paragraph (21) of this section, as in effect prior to such date" to conform to the revised title. Paragraph (21) of that act was enacted by the act of August 24, 1912, ch. 390, §11, 37 Stat. 567, made a part of section 5 of the Interstate Commerce Act by section 408 of the act of February 28, 1920, ch. 91, 41 Stat. 482, and was renumbered as paragraph (21) by section 203 of the act of June 16, 1933, ch. 91, 48 Stat. 220. The words "if the order" are substituted for "and such order" for clarity.

In subsection (c), the words "upon formal complaint or in proceedings instituted by the Commission of its own motion" are omitted as surplus in view of chapter 117 of the revised title. The words "The orders provided for in said paragraphs shall be served in the same manner and enforced by the same penalties and proceedings as are the orders of the Commission made under the provisions of section 15 of this title" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement.

References in Text

Section 5(21) of the Interstate Commerce Act (37 Stat. 567), referred to in subsec. (b), was classified to section 5(21) of former Title 49, Transportation. Par. (21) was omitted in the general amendment of section 5 by act Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, title I, §7, 54 Stat. 905. For further details, see Historical and Revision Notes above.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in sections 11323, 11914 of this title.

§11322. Restrictions on officers and directors

(a) A person may hold the position of officer or director of more than one carrier as defined in section 11301(a)(1) of this title only when authorized by the Interstate Commerce Commission. The Commission may authorize a person to hold the position of officer or director of more than one of those carriers when public or private interests will not be adversely affected.

(b) An officer or director of a carrier referred to in subsection (a) of this section may not—

(1) receive, for the benefit of that officer or director, a thing of value in relation to the negotiation, hypothecation, or sale of a security issued or to be issued by that carrier;

(2) share in the proceeds from the negotiation, hypothecation, or sale of a security issued or to be issued by that carrier; or

(3) participate in making or paying dividends of an operating carrier from funds included in a capital account.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1433.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
11322 49:20a(12) (less last sentence). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §20a(12) (less last sentence); added Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §439, 41 Stat. 496; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543.

In subsection (a), the words "may . . . only when" are substituted for "It shall be unlawful for . . . unless" for clarity. The words "as defined in section 11301(a)(1)" are added for clarity. The word "authorized" is substituted for "such holding shall have been authorized" for clarity. The words "by order" are omitted as unnecessary in view of subchapter II of chapter 5 of title 5. The word "when" is substituted for "upon due showing" for clarity. The words "in form and manner prescribed by the Commission" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the power of the Commission to carry out the revised subtitle and to prescribe regulations under section 10321 of the revised title.

In subsection (b), the words "thing of value" are substituted for "any money or thing of value" as being more inclusive. The words "proceeds from the negotiation, hypothecation, or sale of a security issued or to be issued by that carrier" are substituted for "proceeds thereof" for clarity and consistency. The word "properly" is omitted as surplus.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in sections 11348, 11911 of this title.

§11323. Limitation on ownership of other carriers by household goods freight forwarders

(a) A household goods freight forwarder, or a person controlling, controlled by, or under common control with a household goods freight forwarder, providing service subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under subchapter IV of chapter 105 of this title, may not acquire control of a carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter I, II, or III of that chapter. However, this subsection does not prohibit a carrier providing transportation under subchapter I, II, or III of chapter 105 from acquiring control of another such carrier under subchapter III of this chapter but subject to section 11321.

(b) A director, officer, employee, or agent of a common carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter I, II, or III of chapter 105 of this title or a person controlling, controlled by, or under common control with one of those carriers, may not, for that person's pecuniary benefit, own, lease, control, or hold stock in a household goods freight forwarder providing service subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter IV of that chapter. However, this subsection does not prohibit the holding of a director's qualifying shares of stock from which no personal pecuniary benefit is derived by the holder.

(c) This subtitle does not prohibit a common carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter I, II, or III of chapter 105 of this title or a person controlling, controlled by, or under common control with one of those carriers from controlling a household goods freight forwarder. When that control exists, a rate, classification, rule, or practice of one of those carriers may not be found to be unlawful because of the relationship.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1433; Pub. L. 99–521, §10(a), (b)(1), Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2997.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
11323(a) 49:1011(a). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §411(a), (c), (g); added May 16, 1942, ch. 318, §1, 56 Stat. 293.
11323(b) 49:1011(c).
11323(c) 49:1011(g).

In subsection (a), the words "may not" are substituted for "It shall be unlawful" for clarity. The word "However" is substituted for "except that" for consistency. Paragraph (2) of 49:1011(a) is omitted as obsolete.

In subsection (b), the words "After the expiration of six months from May 16, 1942," are omitted as executed. The words "may not" are substituted for "it shall be unlawful" for clarity. The words "for that person's" are substituted for "in his or her own personal" for clarity. The word "benefit" is substituted for "interest" for consistency. The words "does not prohibit" are substituted for "shall not forbid or preclude" for clarity.

In subsection (c), the words "This subtitle does not prohibit" are substituted for "Nothing in this Act shall be construed to make it unlawful" for clarity. The words "When that control exists" are substituted for "and, in any case where such control exists" for clarity. The words "from controlling" are substituted for "to have or to acquire control of" for clarity. The words "of one of those carriers" are substituted for "of the common carrier or of any freight forwarder controlled by such common carrier, or under common control with such common carrier" for clarity. The words "may not be" are substituted for "no . . . shall be" for clarity. The words "under any provision of this Act" are omitted as surplus. The words "between such common carrier and such freight forwarder" are omitted as unnecessary.

Amendments

1986Pub. L. 99–521 inserted "household goods" before "freight forwarders" in section catchline and before "freight forwarder" wherever appearing in text.

Effective Date of 1986 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 99–521 effective 60 days after Oct. 22, 1986, see section 15 of Pub. L. 99–521, set out as a note under section 10102 of this title.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in sections 11702, 11708 of this title.

SUBCHAPTER III—COMBINATIONS

Subchapter Referred to in Other Sections

This subchapter is referred to in sections 10362, 10706, 10907, 10931, 10932, 11323, 11702 of this title; title 45 sections 662, 716.

§11341. Scope of authority

(a) The authority of the Interstate Commerce Commission under this subchapter is exclusive. A carrier or corporation participating in or resulting from a transaction approved by or exempted by the Commission under this subchapter may carry out the transaction, own and operate property, and exercise control or franchises acquired through the transaction without the approval of a State authority. A carrier, corporation, or person participating in that approved or exempted transaction is exempt from the antitrust laws and from all other law, including State and municipal law, as necessary to let that person carry out the transaction, hold, maintain, and operate property, and exercise control or franchises acquired through the transaction. However, if a purchase and sale, a lease, or a corporate consolidation or merger is involved in the transaction, the carrier or corporation may carry out the transaction only with the assent of a majority, or the number required under applicable State law, of the votes of the holders of the capital stock of that corporation entitled to vote. The vote must occur at a regular meeting, or special meeting called for that purpose, of those stockholders and the notice of the meeting must indicate its purpose.

(b) A power granted under this subchapter to a carrier or corporation is in addition to and changes its powers under its corporate charter and under State law. Action under this subchapter does not establish or provide for establishing a corporation under the laws of the United States.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1434; Pub. L. 97–261, §21(a), Sept. 20, 1982, 96 Stat. 1122.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
11341 49:5(12). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, §5(12), 24 Stat. 380; Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §407, 41 Stat. 480; June 16, 1933, ch. 91, §202, 48 Stat. 219; June 19, 1934, ch. 652, §602(b), 48 Stat. 1102; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543; restated Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §7, 54 Stat. 908; Feb. 5, 1976, Pub. L. 94–210, §403(a), 90 Stat. 63.

In subsection (a), the words "of the Interstate Commerce Commission" are added for clarity. The words "is exclusive" are substituted for "shall be exclusive and plenary" for clarity. The words "may carry out the transaction" are substituted for "shall have full power . . . to carry such transaction into effect" for clarity. The words "without the approval of a" are substituted for "without invoking any approval under" for clarity. The word "person" is substituted for "and their officers and employees and any other persons" as being more inclusive. The words "exempt from the antitrust laws" are substituted for "they are relieved from the operation of the antitrust laws" for clarity. The words "from all other law, including State and municipal law" are substituted for "of all other restraints, limitations, and prohibitions of law, Federal, State, or municipal" to eliminate redundancy. The words "as necessary" are substituted for "insofar as may be necessary" for clarity. The words "so approved and provided for in accordance with the terms and conditions, if any, imposed by the Commission" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement. The 4th and last sentences of subsection (a) restate the words in parentheses in the 1st sentence of 49:5(12) for clarity.

In subsection (b), the words "Action under this subchapter does not establish" are substituted for "Nothing in this section shall be construed to create" for clarity. The word "is" is substituted for "shall be deemed to be" for clarity. The words "corporation under the laws of the United States" are substituted for "Federal corporation" as being more precise.

Amendments

1982—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 97–261 inserted "or exempted by" after "approved by" and "approved or exempted" after "participating in that".

Effective Date of 1982 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 97–261 effective on 60th day after Sept. 20, 1982, see section 31(a) of Pub. L. 97–261, set out as a note under section 10101 of this title.

§11342. Limitation on pooling and division of transportation or earnings

(a) A common carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under subchapter I, II, or III of chapter 105 of this title may not agree or combine with another of those carriers to pool or divide traffic or services or any part of their earnings without the approval of the Commission under this section or sections 11124 and 11125 of this title. Except as provided in subsection (b) for agreements or combinations between or among motor common carriers of property, the Commission may approve and authorize the agreement or combination if the carriers involved assent to the pooling or division and the Commission finds that a pooling or division of traffic, services, or earnings—

(1) will be in the interest of better service to the public or of economy of operation; and

(2) will not unreasonably restrain competition.


(b)(1) Any motor common carrier of property may apply to the Commission for approval of an agreement or combination with another motor common carrier of property to pool or divide traffic or any services or any part of their earnings by filing such agreement or combination with the Commission not less than 50 days before its effective date. Prior to the effective date of the agreement or combination, the Commission shall determine whether the agreement or combination is of major transportation importance and whether there is substantial likelihood that the agreement or combination will unduly restrain competition. If the Commission determines that neither of these two factors exists, it shall, prior to such effective date and without a hearing, approve and authorize the agreement or combination, under such rules and regulations as the Commission may issue, and for such consideration between such carriers and upon such terms and conditions as shall be found by the Commission to be just and reasonable. If the Commission determines either that the agreement or combination is of major transportation importance or that there is a substantial likelihood that the agreement or combination will unduly restrain competition, the Commission shall hold a hearing concerning whether the agreement or combination will be in the interest of better service to the public or of economy in operation and whether it will unduly restrain competition and shall suspend operation of such agreement or combination pending such hearing and final decision thereon. After such hearing, the Commission shall indicate to what extent it finds that the agreement or combination will be in the interest of better service to the public or of economy in operation and will not unduly restrain competition and if assented to by all the carriers involved, shall, to that extent, approve and authorize the agreement or combination, under such rules and regulations as the Commission may issue, and for such consideration between such carriers and upon such terms and conditions as shall be found by the Commission to be just and reasonable.

(2) In the case of an application for Commission approval of an agreement or combination between a motor common carrier providing transportation of household goods and its agents to pool or divide traffic or services or any part of their earnings, such agreement or combination shall be presumed to be in the interest of better service to the public and of economy in operation and not to restrain competition unduly if the practices proposed to be carried out under such agreement or combination are the same as or similar to practices carried out under agreements and combinations between motor common carriers providing transportation of household goods to pool or divide traffic or services or any part of their earnings approved by the Commission before the date of enactment of this paragraph.

(3) The Commission shall streamline, simplify, and expedite, to the maximum extent practicable, the process (including, but not limited to, any paperwork) for submission and approval of applications under this section for agreements and combinations between motor common carriers providing transportation of household goods and their agents.

(c) The Commission may impose conditions governing the pooling or division and may approve and authorize payment of a reasonable consideration between the carriers.

(d) This section affects an agreement or combination filed with the Commission before March 19, 1941, to which a water common carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter III of chapter 105 of this title is a party only when the Commission determines that the agreement or combination does not meet the requirements for approval and authorization under subsection (a) of this section.

(e) The Commission may begin a proceeding under this section on its own initiative or on application.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1434; Pub. L. 96–296, §20, July 1, 1980, 94 Stat. 811; Pub. L. 96–454, §5(c), Oct. 15, 1980, 94 Stat. 2014.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
11342 49:5(1) (less words between semicolon and 1st colon). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, §5(1) (less words between semicolon and 1st colon), 24 Stat. 380; Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §407, 41 Stat. 480; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543; restated Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §7, 54 Stat. 905.

In subsection (a), the words "subchapter I, II, or III of chapter 105 of this title" are substituted for "this chapter, chapter 8, or chapter 12 of this title" to conform to the revised title. The words "upon specific approval by order of the Commission" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement and subchapter II of chapter 5 of title 5. The words "under this section or sections 11124 and 11125 of this title" are substituted for "as in this section provided, and except as provided in paragraph (16) of section 1 of this title" to conform to the revision of 49:1(16) and 5. The words "may not agree or combine" are substituted for "it shall be unlawful . . . to enter into any contract, agreement, or combination" for clarity and as being more inclusive. The words "gross or net" are omitted as surplus. The words "by order" are omitted as unnecessary in view of subchapter II of chapter 5 of title 5. The words "Provided, That" are omitted as surplus. The words "the Commission finds" are substituted for "whenever the Commission is of opinion" for clarity. The word "unreasonably" is substituted for "unduly" for clarity.

In subsection (b), the words "The Commission may impose conditions governing the pooling or division" are substituted for "to the extent indicated by the Commission . . . under such rules and regulations, . . . and upon such terms and conditions, as shall be found by the Commission to be just and reasonable in the premises" for clarity and consistency in view of subchapter II of chapter 5 of title 5. The words "may approve and authorize payment of a reasonable consideration between the carriers" are substituted for "and for such consideration as between such carriers" for clarity.

In subsection (c), the words "Provided further, That" are omitted as surplus. The words "This section affects an agreement or combination filed with the Commission before March 19, 1941 only" are substituted for "any contract, agreement, or combination . . . relating to the pooling or division of traffic, service, or earnings, or any portion thereof, lawfully existing on September 18, 1940, if filed with the Commission within six months after such date, shall continue to be lawful" for clarity and to eliminate obsolete language. The words "when the Commission determines that the agreement or combination does not meet the requirements for approval and authorization under subsection (a) of this section" are substituted for "except to the extent that the Commission . . . may find and by order declare that such contract, agreement, or combination is not in the interest of better service to the public or of economy in operation, or that it will unduly restrain competition" for clarity and consistency.

In subsection (d), the word "proceeding" is substituted for "hearing" for consistency in view of subchapter II of chapter 103 of the revised title and subchapter II of chapter 5 of title 5.

References in Text

The date of enactment of this paragraph, referred to in subsec. (b)(2), is the date of enactment of Pub. L. 96–454, which was approved Oct. 15, 1980.

Amendments

1980—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 96–296, §20(a), substituted "Except as provided in subsection (b) for agreements or combinations between or among motor common carriers of property, the Commission may" for "The Commission may".

Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 96–454 designated existing provisions as par. (1) and added pars. (2) and (3).

Pub. L. 96–296, §20(b), added subsec. (b). Former subsec. (b) redesignated (c).

Subsecs. (c) to (e). Pub. L. 96–296, §20(b), redesignated former subsecs. (b) to (d) as (c) to (e), respectively.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in sections 11351, 11914 of this title.

§11343. Consolidation, merger, and acquisition of control

(a) The following transactions involving carriers providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under subchapter I (except a pipeline carrier), II, or III of chapter 105 of this title may be carried out only with the approval and authorization of the Commission:

(1) consolidation or merger of the properties or franchises of at least 2 carriers into one corporation for the ownership, management, and operation of the previously separately owned properties.

(2) a purchase, lease, or contract to operate property of another carrier by any number of carriers.

(3) acquisition of control of a carrier by any number of carriers.

(4) acquisition of control of at least 2 carriers by a person that is not a carrier.

(5) acquisition of control of a carrier by a person that is not a carrier but that controls any number of carriers.

(6) acquisition by a rail carrier of trackage rights over, or joint ownership in or joint use of, a railroad line (and terminals incidental to it) owned or operated by another rail carrier.


(b) A person may carry out a transaction referred to in subsection (a) of this section or participate in achieving the control or management, including the power to exercise control or management, in a common interest of more than one of those carriers, regardless of how that result is reached, only with the approval and authorization of the Commission under this subchapter. In addition to other transactions, each of the following transactions are considered achievements of control or management:

(1) A transaction by a carrier has the effect of putting that carrier and persons affiliated with it, taken together, in control of another carrier.

(2) A transaction by a person affiliated with a carrier has the effect of putting that carrier and persons affiliated with it, taken together, in control of another carrier.

(3) A transaction by at least 2 persons acting together (one of whom is a carrier or is affiliated with a carrier) has the effect of putting those persons and carriers and persons affiliated with any of them, or with any of those affiliated carriers, taken together, in control of another carrier.


(c) A person is affiliated with a carrier under this subchapter if, because of the relationship between that person and a carrier, it is reasonable to believe that the affairs of another carrier, control of which may be acquired by that person, will be managed in the interest of the other carrier.

(d)(1) Approval and authorization by the Commission are not required if the only parties to a transaction referred to in subsection (a) of this section are motor carriers providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II of chapter 105 of this title and the aggregate gross operating revenues of those carriers were not more than $2,000,000 during a period of 12 consecutive months ending not more than 6 months before the date of the agreement of the parties covering the transaction. However, the approval and authorization of the Commission is required when a motor carrier that is controlled by or affiliated with a carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter I of that chapter is a party to the transaction.

(2) The approval and authorization of the Commission are not required if the only parties to a transaction referred to in subsection (a) of this section are street, suburban, or interurban electric railways that are not controlled by or under common control with a carrier that is operated as part of a general railroad system of transportation.

(e)(1) Notwithstanding any provisions of this title, the Interstate Commerce Commission, in a matter related to a motor carrier of property providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II of chapter 105 of this title, may exempt a person, class of persons, transaction, or class of transactions from the merger, consolidation, and acquisition of control provisions of this subchapter if the Commission finds that—

(A) the application of such provisions is not necessary to carry out the transportation policy of section 10101 of this title; and

(B) either (i) the transaction is of limited scope, or (ii) the application of such provisions is not needed to protect shippers from the abuse of market power.


(2) At least 60 days before any transaction exempt under this subsection from the merger, consolidation, and acquisition of control provisions of this subchapter may take effect, each carrier intending to participate in such transaction shall file with the Commission a notice of its intention to participate in such transaction and shall give public notice of such intention. The Commission shall prescribe the information to be contained in such notices, including the nature and scope of the transaction.

(3) The Commission, on its own initiative or on complaint, may revoke an exemption granted under this subsection, to the extent it specifies, when it finds that application of the provisions of this section to the person, class of persons, or transportation is necessary to carry out the transportation policy of section 10101 of this title.

(4) If the Commission, on its own initiative, finds that employees of any carrier intending to participate in a transaction exempt under this subsection from the merger, consolidation, and acquisition of control provisions of this subchapter are or will be adversely affected by such transaction or if employees of such carrier adversely affected by such transaction file a complaint concerning such transaction with the Commission, the Commission shall revoke such exemption to the extent the Commission deems necessary to review and address the adverse effects on such employees.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1434; Pub. L. 96–296, §18(b), July 1, 1980, 94 Stat. 811; Pub. L. 97–261, §21(b), Sept. 20, 1982, 96 Stat. 1122.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
11343(a) 49:5(2)(a), (14). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, §5(2)(a), (5), (6), (7), (11), and (14), 24 Stat. 380; Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §407, 41 Stat. 480; June 16, 1933, ch. 91, §202, 48 Stat. 218; June 19, 1934, ch. 652, §602(b), 48 Stat. 1102; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543; restated Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §7, 54 Stat. 907; Aug. 2, 1949, ch. 379, §4, 63 Stat. 486; July 27, 1965, Pub. L. 89–93, §1, 79 Stat. 284; Feb. 5, 1976, Pub. L. 94–210, §403, 90 Stat. 63.
11343(b) (1st sentence) 49:5(5).
11343(b) (less 1st sentence) 49:5(6).
11343(c) 49:5(7).
11343(d) 49:5(11).

In subsection (a), the words "may be carried out only" are substituted for "It shall be lawful" as being more precise. The words "providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under subchapter I (except a pipeline carrier), II, or III of chapter 105 of this title" are added for clarity. The words "as provided in subdivision (b) of this paragraph or paragraph (3)" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement of 49:5. The words "or any part thereof" are omitted as surplus. The word "previously" is substituted for "theretofore" as being more appropriate. The words "through ownership of its stock or otherwise" are omitted as surplus and as included in the definition of "control" in section 10102 of the revised title. The word "that" is substituted for "which" as being more appropriate. The word "it" is substituted for "thereto" for clarity.

In subsection (b), the words "A person may . . . only with the approval and authorization of the Commission under this subchapter" are substituted for "It shall be unlawful for any person, except as provided in paragraphs (2) or (3) of this section" for clarity in view of the restatement. The words "referred to in" are substituted for "within the scope of" for clarity. The words "participate in achieving" are substituted for "to accomplish or effectuate, or to participate in accomplishing or effectuating" as being more inclusive. The words "including the power to exercise control or management" are substituted for 49:5(5) (last sentence) to eliminate the use of a definition. The words "regardless of how that result is reached" are substituted for "however such result is attained, whether directly or indirectly, by use of common directors, officers, or stockholders, a holding or investment company or companies, a voting trust or trusts, or in any other manner whatsoever" as being more inclusive. The 2d sentence of 49:5(5) is omitted as obsolete. The words "For the purposes of this section" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement. The words "In addition to other transactions" are substituted for "but not in anywise limiting the application of the provisions thereof" for clarity. The words "are considered" are substituted for "shall be deemed" for clarity. The words "A transaction . . . has the effect" are substituted for "and if the effect of such transaction is" for clarity.

In subsection (c), the words "A person is affiliated with a carrier under this subchapter" are substituted for "For the purposes of this section, a person shall be held to be affiliated with a carrier" for clarity. The words "(whether by reason of the method of, or circumstances surrounding organization or operation, or whether established through common directors, officers, or stockholders, a voting trust or trusts, a holding or investment company or companies, or any other direct or indirect means)" are omitted as surplus.

In subsection (d), the words "Approval and authorization by the Commission are not required" are substituted in both places for "Nothing in this section shall be construed to require the approval or authorization of the Commission" for clarity. The word "if" is substituted for "in the case of . . . where" for clarity. The words "were not more than" are substituted for "have not exceeded" for consistency. The word "before" is substituted for "preceding" for clarity. The last sentence of subsection (c)(1) is substituted for "(but not including a motor carrier controlled by or affiliated with a carrier as defined in section 1(3) of this title)" for clarity and to more fully state the exception. The word "steam" is omitted as surplus in view of 49:1(18) and 1a(1).

Amendments

1982—Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 97–261 added subsec. (e).

1980—Subsec. (d)(1). Pub. L. 96–296 substituted "$2,000,000" for "$300,000".

Effective Date of 1982 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 97–261 effective on 60th day after Sept. 20, 1982, see section 31(a) of Pub. L. 97–261, set out as a note under section 10101 of this title.

Savings Provision

Pub. L. 96–448, title II, §228(e), Oct. 14, 1980, 94 Stat. 1934, provided that: "Any application filed or pending on the effective date of this Act [Oct. 1, 1980] under section 11343, 11344, or 11345 of title 49, United States Code, before the Secretary of Transportation, the Interstate Commerce Commission, or any court shall be adjudicated or determined as if this Act [see Short Title of 1980 Amendment note set out under section 10101 of this title] had not been enacted."

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in sections 333, 11321, 11344, 11345, 11345a, 11351, 11912 of this title.

§11344. Consolidation, merger, and acquisition of control: general procedure and conditions of approval

(a) The Interstate Commerce Commission may begin a proceeding to approve and authorize a transaction referred to in section 11343 of this title on application of the person seeking that authority. When an application is filed with the Commission, the Commission shall notify the chief executive officer of each State in which property of the carriers involved in the proposed transaction is located and shall notify those carriers. If a motor carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II of chapter 105 of this title is involved in the transaction, the Commission must notify the persons specified in section 10328(b) of this title. The Commission shall hold a public hearing when a rail carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter I of that chapter is involved in the transaction unless the Commission determines that a public hearing is not necessary in the public interest.

(b)(1) In a proceeding under this section which involves the merger or control of at least two class I railroads, as defined by the Commission, the Commission shall consider at least the following:

(A) the effect of the proposed transaction on the adequacy of transportation to the public.

(B) the effect on the public interest of including, or failing to include, other rail carriers in the area involved in the proposed transaction.

(C) the total fixed charges that result from the proposed transaction.

(D) the interest of carrier employees affected by the proposed transaction.

(E) whether the proposed transaction would have an adverse effect on competition among rail carriers in the affected region.


(2) In a proceeding under this section which involves only carriers of passengers providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under subchapter II of chapter 105 of this title, the Commission shall consider at least the following:

(A) the effect of the proposed transaction on the adequacy of transportation to the public.

(B) the effect on the public interest of including, or failing to include, other rail carriers in the area involved in the proposed transaction.

(C) the total fixed charges that result from the proposed transaction.

(D) the interest of carrier employees affected by the proposed transaction.


(c) The Commission shall approve and authorize a transaction under this section when it finds the transaction is consistent with the public interest. The Commission may impose conditions governing the transaction. When the transaction contemplates a guaranty or assumption of payment of dividends or of fixed charges or will result in an increase of total fixed charges, the Commission may approve and authorize the transaction only if it finds that the guaranty, assumption, or increase is consistent with the public interest. When a rail carrier, or a person controlled by or affiliated with a rail carrier, is an applicant and the transaction involves a motor carrier, the Commission may approve and authorize the transaction only if it finds that the transaction is consistent with the public interest, will enable the rail carrier to use motor carrier transportation to public advantage in its operations, and will not unreasonably restrain competition. When a rail carrier is involved in the transaction, the Commission may require inclusion of other rail carriers located in the area involved in the transaction if they apply for inclusion and the Commission finds their inclusion to be consistent with the public interest.

(d) In a proceeding under this section which does not involve the merger or control of at least two class I railroads, as defined by the Commission, the Commission shall approve such an application unless it finds that—

(1) as a result of the transaction, there is likely to be substantial lessening of competition, creation of a monopoly, or restraint of trade in freight surface transportation in any region of the United States; and

(2) the anticompetitive effects of the transaction outweigh the public interest in meeting significant transportation needs.


In making such findings, the Commission shall, with respect to any application that is part of a plan or proposal developed under section 333(a)–(d) of this title, accord substantial weight to any recommendations of the Secretary of Transportation. The provisions of this subsection do not apply to any proceeding under this section which involves only carriers of passengers providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II of chapter 105 of this title.

(e) A rail carrier, or a person controlled by or affiliated with a rail carrier, together with one or more affected shippers, may apply for approval under this subsection of a transaction for the purpose of providing motor carrier transportation prior or subsequent to rail transportation to serve inadequately served shippers located on a railroad other than the applicant carrier. Such application shall be approved by the Commission if the applicants demonstrate presently impaired rail service and inadequate motor common carrier service which results in the serious failure of the rail carrier serving the shippers to meet the rail equipment or transportation schedules of shippers or seriously to fail otherwise to provide adequate normal rail services required by shippers and which shippers would reasonably expect the rail carrier to provide. The Commission shall approve or disapprove applications under this subsection within 30 days after receipt of such application. The Commission shall approve applications which are not protested by interested parties within 30 days following receipt of such application.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1436; Pub. L. 96–448, title II, §228(a)–(c), Oct. 14, 1980, 94 Stat. 1931; Pub. L. 97–261, §21(f), (g), Sept. 20, 1982, 96 Stat. 1123; Pub. L. 98–216, §2(4), Feb. 14, 1984, 98 Stat. 5.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Pub. L. 95–473
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
11344(a) 49:5(2)(b) (less last sentence). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, §5(2)(b)–(e), 24 Stat. 380; Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §407, 41 Stat. 480; June 10, 1921, ch. 20, §1, 42 Stat. 27; June 19, 1934, ch. 652, §602(b), 48 Stat. 1102; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543; restated Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §7, 54 Stat. 907; Aug. 2, 1949, ch. 379, §3, 63 Stat. 485.
11344(b) 49:5(2)(c).
11344(c) 49:5(2)(b) (last sentence), (d), (e).

In subsection (a), the words "may begin a proceeding" are substituted for "and shall afford reasonable opportunity for interested parties to be heard. If the Commission shall consider it necessary in order to determine whether the findings specified below may properly be made, it shall set said application for public hearing;" for clarity and consistency in view of subchapter II of chapter 5 of title 5 and section 10327 of the revised title. The words "referred to in section 11343 of this title" are substituted for "under subdivision (a) of this paragraph" for consistency. The words "when an application is filed" are substituted for "shall present an application" for clarity. The words "and shall notify those carriers" are substituted for "and also such carriers and the applicant or applicants" for clarity and to eliminate redundancy since the applicant is on notice by filing the application.

In subsection (b), the words "In a proceeding under this section" are substituted for "In passing upon any proposed transaction under the provisions of this paragraph" for clarity. The words "at least" are substituted for "among others" for clarity. The word "area" is substituted for "territory" as being more appropriate.

In subsection (c), the words "The Commission shall . . . when it finds . . . may impose conditions governing the transaction" are substituted for "If the Commission finds, subject to such terms and conditions and such modifications as it shall find to be just and reasonable" for clarity. The word "conditions" is substituted for "terms and conditions" to eliminate redundancy. The words "just and reasonable" are omitted in view of the words "the transaction is consistent with the public interest" and in view of section 706 of title 5. The words "such modifications" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement. The words "the proposed transaction is within the scope of subdivision (a) of this paragraph" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement. The words "enter an order" are omitted as unnecessary in view of subchapter II of chapter 5 of title 5. The words "upon the terms and conditions, and with the modifications, so found to be just and reasonable" are omitted as surplus. The words "When a rail carrier" are substituted for "Provided, That if a carrier by railroad subject to this chapter" for clarity. The words "within the meaning of paragraph (6) of this section" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement. The words "in the case of any such proposed" are omitted as surplus. The words "only if it finds" are substituted for "shall not enter such an order unless it finds" for clarity. The words "transaction is consistent" are substituted for "transaction proposed will be consistent" for clarity. The word "unreasonably" is substituted for "unduly" for clarity. The words "When a rail carrier is involved in the transaction, the Commission may" are substituted for "The Commission shall have authority in the case of a proposed transaction under this paragraph involving a railroad or railroads, as a prerequisite to its approval of the proposed transaction" for clarity. The words "upon equitable terms" are omitted in view of the words "finds . . . inclusion to be consistent with the public interest" and in view of section 706 of title 5. The words "if they apply for inclusion" are substituted for "upon petition by such railroad or railroads requesting such inclusion" for clarity.

Pub. L. 98–216

This amends cross-references in sections 10904(d)(2) and (e)(3) and 11344(d) of title 49 affected by the codification of subtitle I of title 49 by section 1 of the Act of January 12, 1983 (Pub. L. 97–449, 96 Stat. 2413).

Amendments

1984—Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 98–216 substituted "section 333(a)–(d) of this title" for "section 5(a)–(d) of the Department of Transportation Act (49 U.S.C. 1654(a)–(d))".

1982—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 97–261, §21(f), redesignated existing provisions as par. (1) and former pars. (1) through (5) as subpars. (A) through (E), respectively, and added par. (2).

Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 97–261, §21(g), inserted provision that this subsection does not apply to any proceeding under this section which involves only carriers of passengers providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II of chapter 105 of this title.

1980—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 96–448, §228(a), inserted in provision preceding par. (1) "which involves the merger or control of at least two class I railroads, as defined by the Commission" after "this section" and added par. (5).

Subsecs. (d), (e). Pub. L. 96–448, §228(b), (c), added subsecs. (d) and (e).

Effective Date of 1982 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 97–261 effective on 60th day after Sept. 20, 1982, see section 31(a) of Pub. L. 97–261, set out as a note under section 10101 of this title.

Effective Date of 1980 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 96–448 effective Oct. 1, 1980, see section 710(a) of Pub. L. 96–448, set out as a note under section 10101 of this title.

Savings Provision

Pub. L. 99–570, title III, §3403, Oct. 27, 1986, 100 Stat. 3207–102, provided that: "In any proceeding under section 11344 of title 49, United States Code, involving an application by a rail carrier (or a person controlled by or affiliated with a rail carrier) to acquire a motor carrier, the Interstate Commerce Commission, and any Federal court reviewing action of the Commission, shall follow the standards set forth in the Commission decision in Ex Parte No. 438 if the applicant rail carrier, between July 20, 1984, and September 30, 1986 (1) filed an application with the Commission to acquire a motor carrier, (2) entered into a contract or signed a letter of intent to acquire a motor carrier, or (3) made a public tender offer to acquire a motor carrier."

Applications filed or pending on Oct. 1, 1980, under this section, before the Secretary of Transportation, the Interstate Commerce Commission, or any court to be adjudicated or determined as if Pub. L. 96–448 had not been enacted, see section 228(e) of Pub. L. 96–448, set out as a note under section 11343 of this title.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in sections 333, 11321, 11345, 11345a, 11346, 11347, 11348, 11351, 11912 of this title; title 45 sections 1112, 1322.

§11345. Consolidation, merger, and acquisition of control: rail carrier procedure

(a) If a rail carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under subchapter I of chapter 105 of this title is involved in a proposed transaction under section 11343 of this title, this section and section 11344 of this title also apply to the transaction. The Commission shall publish notice of the application in the Federal Register by the end of the 30th day after the application is filed with the Commission and after a certified copy of it is furnished to the Secretary of Transportation. However, if the application is incomplete, the Commission shall reject it by the end of that period. The order of rejection is a final action of the Commission under section 10327 of this title. The published notice shall indicate whether the application involves—

(1) the merger or control of at least two class I railroads, as defined by the Commission, to be decided within the time limits specified in subsection (b) of this section;

(2) transactions of regional or national transportation significance, to be decided within the time limits specified in subsection (c) of this section; or

(3) any other transaction covered by this section, to be decided within the time limits specified in subsection (d) of this section.


(b) If the application involves the merger or control of two or more class I railroads, as defined by the Commission:

(1) Written comments about an application may be filed with the Commission within 45 days after notice of the application is published under subsection (a) of this section. Copies of such comments shall be served on the Secretary of Transportation and the Attorney General, each of whom may decide to intervene as a party to the proceeding. That decision must be made by the 15th day after the date of receipt of the written comments, and if the decision is to intervene, preliminary comments about the application must be sent to the Commission by the end of the 15th day after the date of receipt of the written comments.

(2) The Commission shall require that applications inconsistent with an application, notice of which was published under subsection (a) of this section, and applications for inclusion in the transaction, be filed with it and given to the Secretary of Transportation by the 90th day after publication of notice under that subsection.

(3) The Commission must conclude evidentiary proceedings by the end of the 24th month after the date of publication of notice under subsection (a) of this section. The Commission must issue a final decision by the 180th day after the date on which it concludes the evidentiary proceedings.


(c) If the application involves a transaction other than the merger or control of at least two class I railroads, as defined by the Commission, which the Commission has determined to be of regional or national transportation significance:

(1) Written comments about an application may be filed with the Commission within 30 days after notice of the application is published under subsection (a) of this section. Copies of such comments shall be served on the Secretary of Transportation and the Attorney General, each of whom may decide to intervene as a party to the proceeding. That decision must be made by the 15th day after the date of receipt of the written comments, and if the decision is to intervene, preliminary comments about the application must be sent to the Commission by the end of the 15th day after the date of receipt of the written comments.

(2) The Commission shall require that applications inconsistent with an application, notice of which was published under subsection (a) of this section, and applications for inclusion in the transaction, be filed with it and given to the Secretary of Transportation by the 60th day after publication of notice under that subsection.

(3) The Commission must conclude any evidentiary proceedings by the 180th day after the date of publication of notice under subsection (a) of this section. The Commission must issue a final decision by the 90th day after the date on which it concludes the evidentiary proceedings.


(d) For all applications under this section other than those specified in subsections (b) and (c) of this section:

(1) Written comments about an application may be filed with the Commission within 30 days after notice of the application is published under subsection (a) of this section. Copies of such comments shall be served on the Secretary of Transportation and the Attorney General, each of whom may decide to intervene as a party to the proceeding. That decision must be made by the 15th day after the date of receipt of the written comments, and if the decision is to intervene, preliminary comments about the application must be sent to the Commission by the end of the 15th day after the date of receipt of the written comments.

(2) The Commission must conclude any evidentiary proceedings by the 105th day after the date of publication of notice under subsection (a) of this section. The Commission must issue a final decision by the 45th day after the date on which it concludes the evidentiary proceedings.


(e) If the Commission does not issue a decision that is a final action under section 10327 of this title, it shall send written notice to Congress that a decision was not issued and the reasons why it was not issued.

(f) The Commission may waive the requirement that an initial decision be made under section 10327 of this title and make a final decision itself when it determines that action is required for the timely execution of its functions under this subchapter or that an application governed by this section is of major transportation importance. The decision of the Commission under this subsection is a final action under section 10327 of this title.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1436; Pub. L. 96–448, title II, §228(d), Oct. 14, 1980, 94 Stat. 1932.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
11345(a) 49:5(2)(g)(i). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §5(2)(g), (h); added Feb. 5, 1976, Pub. L. 94–210, §402(b), 90 Stat. 62.
11345(b) 49:5(2)(g)(ii), (iii).
11345(c) 49:5(2)(g)(iv).
11345(d) 49:5(2)(g)(v), (vi), and (2d sentence).
11345(e) 49:5(2)(g) (less (i)–(vi) and 2d sentence).
11345(f) 49:5(2)(h).

In the section, the introductory language before 49:5(2)(g)(i) is used throughout for clarity in view of the restatement.

In subsection (a), the words "is a final action of the Commission under section 10327 of this title" are substituted for "which order shall be deemed to be final under the provisions of section 17 of this title" for clarity.

In subsection (b), the words "Written comments . . . may be filed" are substituted for "provide that written comments on an application . . . may be filed" for clarity. The words "That decision must be made by the 15th day after" are substituted for "shall be afforded 15 days following the date" for clarity.

In subsection (c), the words "in whole or in part" are omitted as surplus. The word "given" is substituted for "furnished" as being more appropriate.

In subsection (d), the words "does not issue" are substituted for "fails to issue" as being more precise. The words "final action under section 10327 of this title" are substituted for "which is final within the meaning of section 17 of this title" for consistency. The words "send written notice to Congress" are substituted for "notify the Congress in writing" for clarity.

In subsection (e), the words "waive the requirement that an initial decision be made under section 10327 of this title and make a final decision itself" are substituted for "it may order that the case be referred directly (without an initial decision by a division, individual Commissioner, board, or administrative law judge) to the full Commission for a decision" for consistency and clarity in view of section 10327 of the revised title. The word "due" is omitted as surplus.

In subsection (f), the words "rail carrier" are substituted for "carrier by railroad" for consistency. The words "may appear" are substituted for "shall have standing to appear" for clarity.

Amendments

1980—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 96–448 inserted provision directing that the published notice indicate whether the application involves the merger or control of at least two class I railroads, to be decided within the time limits specified in subsec. (b) of this section, transactions of regional or national transportation significance, to be decided within the time limits specified in subsec. (c) of this section, or any other transaction covered by this section, to be decided within the time limits specified in subsec. (d) of this section.

Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 96–448 designated existing provision as par. (1), substituted "such comments" for "those comments", inserted introductory provision relating to the application involving the merger of two or more class I railroads, and added pars. (2) and (3).

Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 96–448 designated existing provision as par. (2), substituted "60th day after publication" for "90th day after publication", inserted introductory provision relating to the application involving a transaction other than the merger or control of at least two class I railroads which the Commission has determined to be of regional or national transportation significance, and added pars. (1) and (3).

Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 96–448 substituted provision that for all applications under this section, other than those specified in subsecs. (b) and (c) of this section, written comments may be filed with the Commission within 30 days after notice of the application is published, with copies of the comments served on the Secretary of Transportation and Attorney General, with opportunity for each to intervene within a specified period and that the Commission must conclude any evidentiary proceedings by the 105th day after publication of notice and must issue a final decision by the 45th day after the date on which it concludes the evidentiary proceedings for provision that the Commission conclude evidentiary proceedings by the 240th day after the date of publication, unless the application involved the merger or control of at least 2 class I railroads, in which case the evidentiary proceedings must be concluded by the end of the 24th month after date of publication, the Commission issue a final decision by the 180th day after the date it concludes the evidentiary proceedings, and if the Commission does not issue a decision that is a final action under section 10327 of this title, it send written notice to Congress that the decision was not issued and the reason why it was not issued. See subsec. (e) of this section.

Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 96–448 designated as subsec. (e) provision of former subsec. (d) of this section that if the Commission does not issue a decision that is a final action under section 10327 of this title, it send written notice to Congress that a decision was not issued and reasons why it was not issued. Former subsec. (e) redesignated (f).

Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 96–448 redesignated former subsec. (e) as (f). Former subsec. (f), which provided that the Secretary of Transportation propose changes in transactions governed by this section when a rail carrier was involved and appear before the Commission to support those changes, was struck out.

Effective Date of 1980 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 96–448 effective Oct. 1, 1980, see section 710(a) of Pub. L. 96–448, set out as a note under section 10101 of this title.

Savings Provision

Applications filed or pending on Oct. 1, 1980, under this section, before the Secretary of Transportation, the Interstate Commerce Commission, or any court to be adjudicated or determined as if Pub. L. 96–448 had not been enacted, see section 228(e) of Pub. L. 96–448, set out as a note under section 11343 of this title.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in sections 11346, 11347, 11348, 11351, 11912 of this title; title 45 section 1112.

§11345a. Consolidation, merger, and acquisition of control: motor carrier procedure

(a) If a motor carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under subchapter II of chapter 105 of this title is involved in a proposed transaction under section 11343 of this title, this section and section 11344 of this title also apply to the transaction. The Commission shall publish notice of the application in the Federal Register by the end of the 30th day after the application is filed with the Commission. However, if the application is incomplete, the Commission shall reject it by the end of that period. The order of rejection is a final decision of the Commission under section 10322 of this title.

(b) Written comments about an application may be filed with the Commission within 45 days after notice of the application is published under subsection (a) of this section.

(c) The Commission must conclude evidentiary proceedings by the 240th day after the date of publication of notice under subsection (a) of this section. The Commission must issue a final decision by the 180th day after the date it concludes the evidentiary proceedings. In extraordinary circumstances, the Commission may extend a time period established by this section, except that the total of all such extensions with respect to any application shall not exceed 90 days.

(d) The Commission may waive the requirement that an initial decision be made under section 10322 of this title and make a final decision itself when it determines that action is required for the timely execution of its functions under this subchapter or that an application governed by this section is of major transportation importance. The decision of the Commission under this subsection is a final decision under section 10322 of this title.

(Added Pub. L. 96–296, §27(a), July 1, 1980, 94 Stat. 819; amended Pub. L. 97–261, §21(c), (d), Sept. 20, 1982, 96 Stat. 1123.)

Amendments

1982Pub. L. 97–261, §21(c), (d), struck out "of property" after "motor carrier" in section catchline and subsec. (a).

Effective Date of 1982 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 97–261 effective on 60th day after Sept. 20, 1982, see section 31(a) of Pub. L. 97–261, set out as a note under section 10101 of this title.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in section 10322 of this title.

§11346. Consolidation, merger, and acquisition of control: expedited rail carrier procedure

(a) A rail carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under subchapter I of chapter 105 of this title or the Secretary of Transportation may apply, before January 1, 1982, for authority for and approval of a merger, consolidation, unification or coordination project (as described in section 333(c) of this title), joint use of tracks or other facilities, or acquisition or sale of assets involving one of those rail carriers, under this section instead of sections 11344 and 11345 of this title. The Secretary may apply under this section only when the parties to the application that are rail carriers providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter I of that chapter consent to an application by the Secretary. A rail carrier may apply under this section only if it sent the proposed transaction to the Secretary for a report under section 11350 of this title at least 6 months before applying under this section.

(b) When the Commission notifies persons required to receive notice that an application has been filed under this section, the Commission must include in the notice a copy of the application, a summary of the proposed transaction, and the applicant's reasons and public interest justification for the transaction. When the Commission notifies the Secretary of Transportation that an application has been filed under this section, the Commission shall also request the report of the Secretary prepared under section 11350 of this title. By the 10th day after receiving an application under this section, the Commission shall send notice of the proposed transaction to—

(1) the chief executive officer of each State that may be affected by the execution or implementation of the proposed transaction;

(2) the Attorney General;

(3) the Secretary of Labor; and

(4) the Secretary of Transportation (unless the Secretary is the applicant under subsection (a) of this section).


(c) The Commission shall designate a panel of the Commission to make a recommended decision on each application under this section. The panel must begin a proceeding by the 90th day after the date the Commission receives the application, complete the proceeding by the 180th day after the application is referred to it, and give its recommended decision and certify the record to the entire Commission by the 90th day after the proceeding is completed. The panel may use employees appointed under section 3105 of title 5 and the Rail Services Planning Office in conducting the proceeding, evaluating the application and comments received about it, and determining whether it is in the public interest to approve and authorize the transaction under the last sentence of subsection (d) of this section. To carry out this subsection, the panel may make rules and rulings to avoid unnecessary costs and delay. In making its recommended decision, the panel shall—

(1) request the views of the Secretary of Transportation about the effect of the transaction on the national transportation policy, as stated by the Secretary, and consider the report submitted under section 11350 of this title;

(2) request the views of the Attorney General about the effect of the transaction on competition; and

(3) request the views of the Secretary of Labor about the effect of the transaction on rail carrier employees, particularly whether the proposal contains adequate employee protection provisions.


The Secretaries and the Attorney General shall send their written views to the panel. Those statements are available to the public under section 552(a) of title 5.

(d) When the recommended decision and record of a proceeding under this section are certified to the entire Commission, it must hear oral argument on the matter certified to it and make a final decision by the 120th day after receiving the recommended decision and record. The Commission may extend a time period under subsection (c) of this section or under this subsection but must make its final decision by the end of the 2d year after receipt of the application by the Commission. The Commission shall consider the report of the Secretary of Transportation under section 11350 of this title in making its final decision. The final decision must be accompanied by a written opinion stating the reasons for the Commission action. The Commission may—

(1) approve the transaction if the Commission determines the transaction is in the public interest;

(2) approve the transaction with conditions and modifications that it determines are in the public interest; or

(3) disapprove the transaction if it determines the transaction is not in the public interest.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1437; Pub. L. 97–449, §5(g)(7), Jan. 12, 1983, 96 Stat. 2443.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
11346(a) 49:56(3)(a), (b). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §5(3)(a)–(e), (f) (last sentence), (g); added Feb. 5, 1976, Pub. L. 94–210, §403(a), 90 Stat. 63.
11346(b) 49:5(3)(c).
11346(c) 49:5(3)(d) (less 6th and last sentences), (e).
11346(d) 49:5(3)(d) (6th and last sentences), (f) (last sentence), (g).

In subsection (a), the words "by an eligible party in accordance with subdivision (b)" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement. The words "before January 1, 1982" are substituted for "during the period beginning on February 5, 1976 and ending on December 31, 1981" for clarity. The words "may apply . . . under this section instead of sections 11344 and 11345 of this title" are substituted for "may utilize the procedure set forth in this paragraph or in paragraph (2) of this section" for clarity and to conform to the revised title. The words "Any transaction described in subdivision (a) may be proposed to the Commission by" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement. The words "hereafter in this paragraph referred to as the 'Secretary'  " are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement. The word "only" is added in the last 2 sentences for clarity. The word "sent" is substituted for "submitted" for clarity.

In subsection (b), the words "whenever a transaction described in subdivision (a) is proposed under this paragraph, the proposing party shall submit an application for approval thereof to the Commission" are omitted in view of the restatement of 49:5(2)(b) (less last sentence) in section 11344(a) of the revised title. The words "directly or indirectly" are omitted as surplus. The words "Secretary is the applicant under subsection (a) of this section" are substituted for "Secretary is the proposing party" for clarity. The words "shall also request the report of the Secretary prepared under section 11350 of this title" are substituted for "shall accompany its notice to the Secretary with a request for the report of the Secretary pursuant to clause (v) of subdivision (f)." for clarity. The words "When the Commission notifies persons required to receive notice" are substituted for "Each such notice" for consistency. The words "that an application has been filed under this section" are inserted for clarity. The words "chief executive officer" are substituted for "Governor" since the District of Columbia is included in the definition of "State" in section 10102 of the revised title.

In subsection (c), the word "proceeding" is substituted for "public hearing" in view of subchapter II of chapter 5 of title 5. The words "The panel must begin a proceeding" are substituted for "The Commission shall hold a public hearing. . . . Such public hearing shall be held before a panel of the Commission" to clarify the statutory intent. The words "shall designate a panel of the Commission to make a recommended decision" are substituted for "a panel . . . duly designated for such purpose. . . . Such panel shall recommend a decision" for clarity. The words "complete the proceeding by the 180th day" are substituted for "shall complete such hearing within 180 days" for consistency. The words "The panel may use" are substituted for "Such panel may utilize" for clarity. The words "in such manner as it considers appropriate for the conduct of the hearing" are omitted as unnecessary. The words "and reasonable" are omitted as unnecessary in view of section 706 of title 5. The words "To carry out this subsection the panel may make rules and rulings" are substituted for "and it may, in order to meet such requirement, prescribe such rules and make such rulings" for clarity. The words "for final decision" are omitted as unnecessary in view of subsection (d) of this revised section. The words "with respect to any transaction proposed under this paragraph, to duly designate" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement. The words "about the effect of the transaction" are substituted for "with respect to the effect of such proposed transaction" for clarity. The words "available to the public under section 552(a) of title 5" are substituted for "available to the public upon request" for consistency.

In subsection (d), the word "but" is substituted for "except that" for clarity. The words "must make its final decision" are substituted for "the final decision of the Commission shall be rendered" for clarity. The words "shall consider" are substituted for "shall give due weight and consideration" for clarity. The words "In each case" are omitted as surplus.

Amendments

1983—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 97–449 substituted "section 333(c)" for "section 1654(c)".

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in sections 11347, 11350, 11912 of this title.

§11347. Employee protective arrangements in transactions involving rail carriers

When a rail carrier is involved in a transaction for which approval is sought under sections 11344 and 11345 or section 11346 of this title, the Interstate Commerce Commission shall require the carrier to provide a fair arrangement at least as protective of the interests of employees who are affected by the transaction as the terms imposed under this section before February 5, 1976, and the terms established under sections 24307(c), 24312, and 24706(c) of this title. Notwithstanding this subtitle, the arrangement may be made by the rail carrier and the authorized representative of its employees. The arrangement and the order approving the transaction must require that the employees of the affected rail carrier will not be in a worse position related to their employment as a result of the transaction during the 4 years following the effective date of the final action of the Commission (or if an employee was employed for a lesser period of time by the carrier before the action became effective, for that lesser period).

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1439; Pub. L. 98–216, §2(16), Feb. 14, 1984, 98 Stat. 5; Pub. L. 103–272, §5(m)(31), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1378.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
11347 49:5(2)(f). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, §5(2)(f), 24 Stat. 380; Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §407, 41 Stat. 480; June 19, 1934, ch. 652, §602(b), 48 Stat. 1102; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543; restated Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §7, 54 Stat. 907; Feb. 5, 1976, Pub. L. 94–210, §403(b)(2), 90 Stat. 65.

The words "When a rail carrier is involved in the transaction for which approval is sought under sections 11344 and 11345 or section 11346 of this title, the Interstate Commerce Commission shall require the carrier" are substituted for "As a condition of its approval, under this paragraph . . . of any transaction involving a carrier or carriers by railroad subject to the provisions of this chapter, the Commission shall require" for clarity. The words "or paragraph (3)" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement. The word "fair" is substituted for "fair and equitable" because it is inclusive. The words "an arrangement at least as protective . . . as the terms imposed under this section before February 5, 1976, and the terms established under section 565 of title 45" are substituted for "arrangement to protect the interests of . . . Such arrangement shall contain provisions no less protective of the interests of employees than those heretofore imposed pursuant to this subdivision and those established pursuant to section 565 of title 45" for clarity and to correct the amendment made by section 402(a) of the Railroad Revitalization and Regulatory Reform Act of 1976 that added the word "heretofore". The words "related to" are substituted for "with respect to" for consistency. The words "any other provisions of" are omitted as surplus. The word "arrangement" is substituted for "agreement" for consistency. The word "hereafter" is omitted as obsolete. The word "made" is substituted for "entered into" for clarity. The word "duly" is omitted as surplus. The words "The arrangement and the order approving the transaction must require" are substituted for "In its order of approval the Commission shall include" for clarity. The words "final action" are substituted for "of such order" for consistency. The words "if an employee was employed for a lesser period of time by the carrier before the action became effective, for that lesser period" are substituted for "except that the protection afforded to any employee pursuant to this sentence shall not be required to continue for a longer period following the effective date of such order, than the period during which such employee was in the employ of such carrier or carriers prior to the effective date of such order" for clarity.

Amendments

1994Pub. L. 103–272 substituted "sections 24307(c), 24312, and 24706(c) of this title" for "section 405 of the Rail Passenger Service Act (45 U.S.C. 565)".

1984Pub. L. 98–216 substituted "section 405 of the Rail Passenger Service Act (45 U.S.C. 565)" for "section 565 of title 45".

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in sections 10901, 10903, 10910, 11351, 11912 of this title; title 11 sections 1170, 1172; title 45 sections 904, 915.

§11348. Interstate Commerce Commission authority over noncarrier that acquires control of carrier

(a) When the Interstate Commerce Commission approves and authorizes a transaction under sections 11344 and 11345 of this title in which a person not a carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under chapter 105 of this title acquires control of at least one carrier subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission, the person is subject, as a carrier, to the following provisions of this title that apply to the carrier being acquired by that person, to the extent specified by the Commission: sections 504(f) and 10764, subchapter III of chapter 111, and sections 11301, 11709, 11901(f), (m)(1), 11909(a)(1), (b), and 11911(a).

(b) When a person subject to sections 11301, 11322, 11709, and 11911 of this title because of acquiring control of a carrier, applies to the Commission for authority to issue securities or assume obligations or liabilities under those sections, the Commission may authorize the issue or assumption only when it finds the issue or assumption—

(1) is consistent with the proper performance of public transportation by the carrier that is controlled by that person;

(2) will not impair the ability of the carrier to provide public transportation; and

(3) is consistent with the public interest in other respects.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1439; Pub. L. 96–454, §8(b)(1), Oct. 15, 1980, 94 Stat. 2021; Pub. L. 97–261, §19(b), Sept. 20, 1982, 96 Stat. 1121; Pub. L. 97–449, §5(g)(8), Jan. 12, 1983, 96 Stat. 2443; Pub. L. 98–554, title II, §227(a)(3), Oct. 30, 1984, 98 Stat. 2852; Pub. L. 103–272, §5(m)(32), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1378; Pub. L. 103–429, §6(17), Oct. 31, 1994, 108 Stat. 4379.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Pub. L. 95–473
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
11348 49:5(4). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §5(4); added June 6, 1933, ch. 91, §202, 48 Stat. 217; June 19, 1934, ch. 652, §602(b), 48 Stat. 1102; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543; restated Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §7, 54 Stat. 907; Feb. 5, 1976, Pub. L. 94–210, §403(a), 90 Stat. 63.

In subsection (a), the words "When the . . . Commission approves and authorizes a transaction under sections 11344 and 11345 of this title" are substituted for "Whenever a person . . . is authorized by an order entered under paragraph (2)" for clarity in view of the restatement. The words "a person not" are substituted for "Whenever a person which is not" for clarity. The words "providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under chapter 105 of this title" are added for consistency. The words "at least one" are substituted for "any . . . or of two or more" to eliminate redundancy. The words "as a carrier" are substituted for "shall . . . be considered" for clarity. The words "which relate to reports, accounts, and so forth, of carriers" and "which relate to issues of securities and assumptions of liability of carriers, including in each case the penalties applicable in the case of violations of such provisions" are omitted as surplus.

In subsection (b), the words "When a person subject to sections 11301, 11302, 11322, 11709, and 11911 of this title because of acquiring control" are substituted for "In the application of such provisions of sections 20a and 314 of this title, in the case of any such person" for clarity. The words "issue securities or assume obligations or liabilities" are added for clarity. The words "may . . . only" are substituted for "shall . . . only" since the power is discretionary.

Pub. L. 103–429

This amends 49:11348(a) to reflect the redesignation of 49:11901(l) as 49:11901(m) by section 7(c)(1) of the Negotiated Rates Act of 1993 (Public Law 103–180, 107 Stat. 2052).

Amendments

1994—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 103–429 substituted "(m)(1)" for "(l)(1)".

Pub. L. 103–272 substituted "sections 504(f) and" for "section 504(f),".

1984—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 98–554 substituted "(l)(1)" for "(k)(1)" after "11901(f),".

1983—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 97–449 inserted "504(f)," before "10764" and struck out "11711," after "11709,".

1982Pub. L. 97–261 struck out "11302," wherever appearing.

1980—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 96–454 substituted "1901(f), (k)(1)" for "1901(f), (h)(1)".

Effective Date of 1982 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 97–261 effective on 60th day after Sept. 20, 1982, see section 31(a) of Pub. L. 97–261, set out as a note under section 10101 of this title.

§11349. Temporary operating approval for transactions involving motor and water carriers

(a) Pending determination of an application filed with the Interstate Commerce Commission under this subchapter for approval of a consolidation or merger of the properties of at least 2 motor carriers or at least 2 water carriers, or of a purchase, lease, or contract to operate the properties of at least one motor carrier or at least one water carrier, the Commission may approve, for a period of not more than 180 days, the operation of the properties sought to be acquired by the person proposing in the application to acquire those properties. The Commission may approve operation of motor carrier properties when it appears that failure to grant the approval may result in destruction of or injury to those motor carrier properties the person is seeking to acquire, or substantially interfere with their future usefulness in providing adequate and continuous service to the public. The Commission may approve the operation of water carrier properties only for good cause shown.

(b) The Commission may take action under subsection (a) of this section without regard to subchapter II of chapter 103 of this title and subchapter II of chapter 5 of title 5. Transportation provided by a motor carrier under a grant of approval under this section is subject to this subtitle.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1439.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
11349 49:310a(b), (c). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §210a(b), (c); added June 29, 1938, ch. 811, §10, 52 Stat. 1238; Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §21(b), 54 Stat. 923.
  49:911(b). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §311(b); added Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §201, 54 Stat. 944.

The section consolidates and restates the source provisions for clarity. The word "temporary" is omitted as unnecessary.

In subsection (a), the words "at least 2" are substituted for "of two or more" and the words "at least one" are substituted for "of one or more" for consistency. The words "in its discretion" in 49:310a(b) are omitted as surplus. The words "of not more than" are substituted for "not exceeding" for consistency. The words "The Commission may approve operation of" are inserted each place for clarity.

In subsection (b), the words "may take action under subsection (a) of this section without regard to subchapter II of chapter 103 of this title and subchapter II of chapter 5 of title 5" are substituted for "without hearings or other proceedings" as being more precise. The words "is subject to this subtitle" are substituted for "shall be subject to all applicable provisions of this chapter and to the rules, regulations, and requirements of the Commission thereunder" for clarity and to eliminate redundancy.

§11350. Responsibility of the Secretary of Transportation in certain transactions

(a) When a rail carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under subchapter I of chapter 105 of this title sends a proposed transaction to the Secretary of Transportation under section 11346(a) of this title or the Secretary develops a proposed transaction for submission to the Commission under that section, the Secretary shall publish a summary and a detailed account of the transaction in the Federal Register and give notice of the transaction to the Attorney General and to the chief executive officer of each State in which property of a rail carrier involved in the transaction is located. The Secretary shall initiate an informal proceeding on the proposed transaction under section 553 of title 5.

(b) By the 10th day after an application is submitted to the Commission under section 11346 of this title, the Secretary shall complete and send to the Commission a study of the proposed transaction about—

(1) the needs of rail transportation in the geographical area affected by the transaction;

(2) the effect of the transaction on competition in rail transportation and other modes of transportation in the geographical area affected by the transaction;

(3) the environmental impact of the transaction and of alternative choices of action;

(4) the effect of the transaction on employment;

(5) the cost of rehabilitation and modernization of track, equipment, and other facilities, with a comparison of the potential savings or losses from other possible choices of action;

(6) the rationalization of the rail system;

(7) the impact of the transaction on shippers, consumers, and rail carrier employees;

(8) the effect of the transaction on communities in the geographical area affected by the transaction and on geographical areas contiguous to the affected areas; and

(9) whether the proposed transaction will improve rail service.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1440.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
11350(a) 49:5(3)(f)(i)–(iii). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §5(3)(f) (less last sentence); added Feb. 5, 1976, Pub. L. 94–210, §403(a), 90 Stat. 63.
11350(b) 49:5(3)(f) (less (i)–(iii) and last sentence).

In subsection (a), the word "When" is substituted for "whenever" as being more appropriate. The words "in order to provide reasonable notice to interested parties and the public of such proposed transaction" are omitted as surplus. The word "located" is substituted for "situated" for clarity. The words "under section 553 of title 5" are added for clarity in view of 49:1655(h).

In subsection (b), the words "shall complete and send to the Commission a study" are substituted for "submit a report to the Commission setting forth the results of each study conducted pursuant to clause (iv)" for clarity. The words "of the" are substituted for "with respect to" and "with respect to the proposed transaction which is the object of such study" for clarity. The words "the retention and promotion" are omitted as surplus. The words "in rail transportation and other modes of transportation" are substituted for "in the provision of rail and other transportation services" for clarity.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in section 11346 of this title.

§11351. Supplemental orders

When cause exists, the Interstate Commerce Commission may make appropriate orders supplemental to an order made in a proceeding under sections 11342–11345 and 11347 of this title.

(Added Pub. L. 96–258, §1(13)(A), June 3, 1980, 94 Stat. 427.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
11351 49:5(10). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §5(10); added Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §407, 41 Stat. 480; June 16, 1933, ch. 91, §202, 48 Stat. 218; restated Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §7, 54 Stat. 908; Feb. 5, 1976, Pub. L. 94–210, §403(a), (b)(5), 90 Stat. 63, 65.

The words "When cause exists" are substituted for "for good cause shown" for consistency with other sections of the revised title. The words "as it may deem necessary" are omitted as covered by "appropriate". The words "in a proceeding" are added for consistency.

Effective Date

Section effective Oct. 17, 1978, see section 3(d) of Pub. L. 96–258, set out as an Effective Date of 1980 Amendment note under section 10525 of this title.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in section 11912 of this title.

SUBCHAPTER IV—FINANCIAL STRUCTURE

Subchapter Referred to in Other Sections

This subchapter is referred to in title 26 section 354.

§11361. Scope of authority: changes in financial structure

(a) The authority of the Interstate Commerce Commission to act under this subchapter is exclusive. The Commission may approve and authorize a carrier, as defined in section 11301(a)(1) of this title, to change (1) a part of a class of its securities, as defined in section 11301(a)(2) of this title, or (2) a part of an instrument under which a class of its securities is issued or a class of its obligations is secured. When a change is approved and authorized by the Commission under this subchapter, the carrier may carry out the change notwithstanding an express provision in the affected instrument or a State law and without getting other approval from the Commission or from a State authority. A person participating in carrying out a change that is approved and authorized under this subchapter is exempt from all other law, including State and municipal law, as necessary to let that person carry out the change.

(b) The Commission may not approve an application filed under this section by a carrier that is in equity receivership or reorganization under subchapter IV of chapter 11 of title 11.

(c) A power granted to a carrier under this subchapter changes its powers under its corporate charter and under State law.

(d) This subchapter does not affect the negotiability of a security of a carrier or of the obligation of a carrier that assumed liability related to a security. This subchapter does not apply to an equipment-trust certificate under which a carrier is obligated, to an evidence of indebtedness of a carrier the payment of which is secured solely by equipment, or to another instrument under which that equipment-trust certificate or evidence of indebtedness was issued or by which either of them is secured.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1441; Pub. L. 97–449, §5(g)(9), Jan. 12, 1983, 96 Stat. 2443; Pub. L. 98–216, §2(17), Feb. 14, 1984, 98 Stat. 5.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Pub. L. 95–473
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
11361(a) 49:20b(1) (less proviso), (5) (less 2d and last sentences). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §20b(1), (5), and (13); added Apr. 9, 1948, ch. 180, §2, 62 Stat. 163, 165, 167; June 25, 1948, ch. 646, §32, 62 Stat. 991; May 24, 1949, ch. 139, §127, 63 Stat. 107.
11361(b) 49:20b(13).
11361(c) 49:20b(5) (2d sentence).
11361(d) 49:20b(1) (proviso), (5) (last sentence).

In subsection (a), the words "to act under this subchapter" are substituted for "conferred by this section" for clarity. The word "exclusive" is substituted for "exclusive and plenary" as being more appropriate. The words "in respect of any" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement. The word "change" is substituted for "alteration or modification" as being more inclusive. The word "hereunder" is omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement. The words "The Commission may approve and authorize . . . When . . . approved and authorized . . . the carrier may carry out" are substituted for "It shall be lawful . . . with the approval and authorization of the Commission . . . for a carrier" for clarity. The words "as provided in paragraph (2) of this section" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement. The words "being hereinafter in this section sometimes called 'securities"' are omitted as surplus. The words "of an instrument" are substituted for "of any mortgage, indenture, deed of trust, corporate charter, or other instrument" as being more inclusive. The words "hereinafter referred to as instruments" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement. The words "under which . . . is issued" are substituted for "pursuant to which . . . shall have been issued" for clarity. The words "may carry out the change" are substituted for "shall have full power to make any such alteration or modification and to take any actions incidental or appropriate thereto, and may make any such alteration or modification and take any such actions" as being more appropriate and precise. The words "notwithstanding an express provision in the affected instrument or a State law" are substituted for "any express provision contained in any mortgage, indenture, deed of trust, corporate charter, stock certificate, or other instrument or any provision of State law to the contrary notwithstanding" for clarity and as being more inclusive. The words "without getting other approval from the Commission or from a State authority" are substituted for "and any such alteration or modification may be made without securing the approval of the Commission under section 208 of Title 11 or other paragraph of this section, and without securing approval of any State authority" for clarity and as being more inclusive. The words "A person participating" are substituted for "any carrier and its officers and employees and any other persons, participating" as being more inclusive. The words "under this subchapter" are substituted for "under the provisions of this section" to conform to the restatement. The words "in carrying out" are substituted for "in the making . . . or the taking of any such actions" for clarity. The words "is exempt from all other law, including State and municipal law" are substituted for "shall be, and they are, relieved from the operation of all restraints, limitations, and prohibitions of law, Federal, State, or municipal" for clarity. The words "as necessary to let" are substituted for "as may be necessary to enable" for clarity. The words "so approved and authorized in accordance with the conditions and with the amendments, if any, imposed by the Commission" are omitted as surplus.

In subsection (b), the words "may not" are substituted for "shall not" for clarity. The words "that is" are substituted for "while" for clarity. The words "in process of" are omitted as surplus. The words following the 1st comma in the 1st sentence of 49:20b(13) are omitted as executed.

In subsection (c), the words "shall be deemed to be" are omitted as unnecessary. The words "in addition to" are omitted as surplus.

In subsection (d), the words "This subchapter does not affect" are substituted for "The provisions of this section shall not affect" for clarity. The words "in any way" are omitted as surplus. The words "related to a security" are substituted for "in respect thereto" for clarity. The words "Provided, That" are omitted as surplus. The words "This subchapter does not apply" are substituted for "the provisions of this section shall not apply" for clarity. The words "under which" are substituted for "in respect of which" for clarity.

Pub. L. 98–216

This is necessary to correct an amendment made by section 5(g)(9) of the Act of January 12, 1983 (Pub. L. 97–449, 96 Stat. 2443).

Amendments

1984—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 98–216 substituted "subchapter IV of chapter 11" for "subchapter IV".

1983—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 97–449 substituted "subchapter IV" for "section 205".

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in section 11362 of this title.

§11362. Criteria for approval and authority

(a) A carrier may apply to the Interstate Commerce Commission for approval and authority to make a change under this subchapter. To approve a proposed change, the Commission must find that the proposed change—

(1) is within the scope of section 11361 of this title;

(2) will be in the public interest;

(3) will be in the best interests of the carrier, of each class of its stockholders, and of the holders of each class of the carrier's obligations that are affected by the change; and

(4) will not be against the interests of a creditor of the carrier who is not affected by the change.


If the change involves an issuance of securities, the Commission must also make the findings required under section 11301(d)(1) of this title.

(b)(1) The Commission shall begin a proceeding under this section on receipt of an application but may require an applicant to get assurances of assent to the change from the holders of the outstanding shares of the securities that will be affected by the change before continuing with the proceeding. The Commission may determine the percentage of the principal amount or number of those shares needed to establish assurance of assent to the change. A class of securities is considered to be affected by a proposed change only if the change is proposed to a part of that class or to a part of an instrument under which that class was issued or by which it is secured. However, if a proposed change is to an instrument under which at least 2 classes of securities were issued and are outstanding or secured by that instrument, only those classes to which the change is related are considered to be affected. The Commission shall divide the securities to be affected by a proposed change under this subchapter into reasonable classes for purposes of this subchapter.

(2) On receipt of an application of a carrier under this section the Commission shall notify, and file a copy of the application with, the chief executive officer of each State in which that carrier operates. The appropriate authorities of those States are entitled to be admitted as parties to a proceeding under this section to represent the rights and interests of their people and States.

(c) The carrier must give notice of the proceeding to the holders of the class of securities affected. The Commission may direct the carrier to give notice to other persons the Commission determines to have an interest in the proceeding. The carrier may give notice under this subsection only after it gets assurances of assent when they are required under this section.

(d) The Commission may impose conditions governing the proposed change. The Commission may determine the effective date for a change it approves and authorizes under this subchapter and may allow it to become effective on publication of a declaration to that effect by the carrier. After an application is approved, the Commission may change a condition imposed and impose supplemental requirements for good cause shown subject to the requirements of this subchapter.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1441.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
11362(a) 49:20b(2) (1st sentence, 4th sentence less words between 4th and 5th commas and less words between 8th comma and period). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §20b(2) (1st–3d sentences, 4th sentence less words between 8th comma and period, 9th sentence), (3) (1st and last sentences), (8); added Apr. 9, 1948, ch. 180, §2, 62 Stat. 163; Aug. 16, 1957, Pub. L. 85–151, §2, 71 Stat. 370.
11362(b)(1) 49:20b(2) (2d sentence), (3) (1st and last sentences).
11362(b)(2) 49:20b(8) (1st sentence).
11362(c) 49:20b(2) (3d sentence).
11362(d) 49:20b(2) (4th sentence words between 4th and 5th commas and 9th sentence), (8) (less 1st sentence).

In subsection (a), the words "A carrier may apply" are substituted for "the carrier seeking authority therefor shall, pursuant to such rules and regulations as the Commission shall prescribe, present an application to the Commission" for clarity and to eliminate redundancy in view of section 10321(a) of the revised title that gives the Commission the general power to prescribe regulations to carry out the revised title. The words "To approve a proposed change, the Commission must find" are substituted for "If the Commission, after hearing . . . shall find that" for clarity. The words "after hearing" are omitted from the sentence in view of subchapter II of chapter 5 of title 5. The word "If" is substituted for "in any case where" for clarity. The words "not inconsistent with paragraph (1) of this section" are omitted as surplus.

In subsection (b)(1), the words "on receipt of an application" are substituted for "Upon presentation of any such application" for clarity. The words "Commission shall begin a proceeding" are substituted for "the Commission shall set such application for public hearing" for clarity in view of subchapter II of chapter 5 of title 5. The words "but may require an applicant" are substituted for "may, in its discretion, but need not" to eliminate redundancy. The words "to get" are substituted for "to secure" for clarity. The word "change" is substituted for "alteration or modification" for consistency. The words "before continuing with the proceeding" are substituted for "as a condition precedent to further consideration" for clarity. The words "The Commission may determine" are substituted for "as the Commission shall in its discretion determine" for clarity. The words "For the purposes of this section" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement. The words "is considered" are substituted for "shall be deemed" for clarity. The word "part" is substituted for "provision" for consistency. The words "under which" are substituted for "pursuant to which" for clarity. The words "However, if" are substituted for "Provided, That in any case where" for clarity. The words "at least 2" are substituted for "more than one" for clarity. The words "were issued and are outstanding" are substituted for "shall have been issued and be outstanding" for clarity. The words "only those classes to which the change is related are considered to be affected" are substituted for "any alteration or modification proposed as to any provision of such instrument which does not relate to all of the classes of securities issued thereunder, shall be deemed to affect only the class or classes of securities to which such alteration or modification is related" for clarity. The words "under this subchapter" are substituted for "for the purposes of this section" to conform to the revised title. The word "reasonable" is substituted for "just and reasonable" for clarity. See the revision note to section 10101 of the revised title. The words "as it shall determine" are omitted as unnecessary in view of subchapter II of chapter 5 of title 5.

In subsection (b)(2), the text of the source provision is omitted and the relevant part of 49:20a(6) is added for clarity. The words "chief executive officer" are substituted for "Governor" since the District of Columbia is included in the definition of "State" in section 10102 of the revised title.

In subsection (c), the words "shall set such application for public hearing" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement. The words "The carrier must give notice of the proceeding" are substituted for "the carrier shall give reasonable notice of such hearing" for clarity and to eliminate the qualification "reasonable" since the Commission may prescribe the manner in which notice is given. The words "The carrier may give notice under this subsection only after it gets assurances of assent when they are required under this section" are substituted for "If the Commission shall not require the applicant to secure any such assurances, or when such assurances, as the Commission may require shall have been secured . . . [the carrier shall give . . . notice]" for clarity. The words "in such manner, by mail, advertisement, or otherwise, as the Commission may find practicable and may direct" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement.

In subsection (d), the words "impose conditions governing" are substituted for "subject to such terms and conditions and with such amendments as it shall determine" for clarity. The words "just and reasonable" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the criteria for approval under the revised section and in view of section 706 of title 5. The words "The Commission may determine" are substituted for "Such order shall make provisions as to" for clarity. The words "the effective date" are substituted for "the time when . . . shall become and be binding" for clarity. The word "binding" is omitted from the sentence in view of subchapter II of chapter 103 of the revised title. The words "may allow" are substituted for "which may be" for clarity. The last sentence is substituted for 49:20b(8) (last sentence) for clarity in view of subchapter II of chapter 5 of title 5 and subchapter II of chapter 103 of the revised title.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in section 11363 of this title.

§11363. Assent of holders of securities and certain other instruments

(a)(1) After making the findings required under section 11362(a) of this title, the Commission may approve and authorize the change if it is assented to by the holders of at least 75 percent of the aggregate principal amount or number of outstanding shares of each class of securities affected by the change. The Commission may increase the percentage required for assent under this subsection for a class of shares when an increase is in the public interest and—

(A) 75 percent of the shares in that class are held by less than 25 security holders; or

(B) that class is entitled to vote for the election of directors of the carrier and the Commission determines that the assent of at least 25 percent of the security holders of that class are controlled by the carrier or a person controlling the carrier.


(2) The carrier may withdraw its application after the Commission makes the findings required under section 11362(a) of this title. If the application is not withdrawn, the Commission must require the carrier to submit the proposed change, with conditions imposed by the Commission, to the holders of each class of its securities affected by the change for their assent or rejection.

(b)(1) In determining the percentage of outstanding securities when making a finding under section 11362(a) of this title, a security that secures an evidence of indebtedness of the carrier or of a company controlling or controlled by the carrier is considered to be outstanding unless the Commission determines that the proposed change does not materially affect the interest of the holder of that evidence of indebtedness. When that security is considered to be outstanding, assent to a proposed change may be given, notwithstanding another instrument, only—

(A) if the security is pledged as security under an instrument under which an evidence of indebtedness was issued and is outstanding, by the holder of a majority of the principal amount of the evidence of indebtedness; or

(B) if the security secures an evidence of indebtedness not issued under an instrument under which an evidence of indebtedness was issued, by the holder of the evidence of indebtedness.


(2) In addition to a submission required under subsection (a) of this section, the Commission shall require the carrier to submit a proposed change to a security referred to in this subsection, with requirements imposed by the Commission, to the holder of the evidence of indebtedness referred to in paragraph (1)(A) and (B) of this subsection as appropriate, for assent or rejection. A carrier is not required to submit the change to the trustee of the instrument referred to in that paragraph.

(c) If the Commission determines that the assent of the holder of a security not entitled to vote for the election of directors of the carrier or an evidence of indebtedness is in the control of the carrier or of a person controlling the carrier, that security or evidence of indebtedness is not considered to be outstanding.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1442.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
11363(a)(1) 49:20b(2) (8th sentence). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §20b(2) (4th sentence, words between 8th comma and period, 8th sentence), (3) (less 1st and last sentences); added Apr. 9, 1948, ch. 180, §2, 62 Stat. 163; Aug. 16, 1957, Pub. L. 85–150, §§1, 2, 71 Stat. 369.
11363(a)(2) 49:20b(2) (4th sentence words between 8th comma and period).
11363(b) 49:20b(3) (2d and 3d sentences).
11363(c) 49:20b(3) (less 1st–3d and last sentences).

In subsection (a)(1), the words "After making the findings required under section 11362(a) of this title" are added for clarity. The words "the Commission may approve and authorize the change if it is assented to" are substituted for "If the Commission shall find that as a result of such submission the proposed alteration or modification has been assented to . . . the Commission shall enter an order approving and authorizing the proposed alteration or modification upon the terms and conditions and with amendments, if any, so determined to be just and reasonable" for clarity and to eliminate redundancy in view of subsection (b) of the restated section. The words "The Commission may increase the percentage required for assent under this subsection" are substituted for "such larger percentage, if any as the Commission may determine" for clarity. The words "just and reasonable" are omitted in view of the criteria for an increase under the revised section and in view of section 706 of title 5. The words "at least 25" are substituted for "25 . . . or more" for consistency.

In subsection (a)(2), the words "The carrier may withdraw its application" are substituted for "(unless the applicant, carrier shall withdraw its application)" for clarity. The words "must require the carrier to submit" are substituted for "shall cause the carrier to submit" for clarity. The words "in such manner as it shall direct" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement in section 11364(a) of the revised title.

In subsection (b)(1), the words "In determining . . . when making a finding under section 11362(a) of this title" are substituted for "For the purpose of the finding of the Commission referred to in paragraph (2) of this section" for clarity. The words "the percentage of outstanding securities" are substituted for "as to whether the required percentage of the aggregate principal amount of number of shares outstanding of each class of securities affected by any proposed alteration or modification has assented to the making of such alteration or modification" for clarity and to eliminate redundancy in view of the restatement. The words "is considered" are substituted for "shall be deemed" for clarity. The words "in its discretion" are omitted as surplus. The words "that evidence of indebtedness" are substituted for "the evidence or evidences of indebtedness secured by such security" for clarity. The words "When that security is considered to be outstanding" are substituted for "Whenever any such pledged security is, for said purposes, to be deemed outstanding" for consistency. The words "in respect of such security" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement. The words "notwithstanding another instrument" are substituted for "any express or implied provision in any mortgage, indenture, deed of trust, note or other instrument to the contrary notwithstanding" as being more inclusive. The words "as follows" are omitted as surplus. The word "instrument" is substituted for "mortgage, indenture, deed of trust, or other instrument" for consistency. The words "and in any such case" are omitted as surplus.

In subsection (b)(2), the words "shall require" are substituted for "shall cause" for clarity. The words "in such manner as it shall direct" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement. The words "as the Commission shall have determined to be just and reasonable" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement. The words "referred to in paragraph (1)(A) and (B) of this subsection as appropriate" are substituted for "issued and outstanding pursuant to such mortgage, indenture, deed of trust, or other instrument, or . . . not so issued" for clarity and to eliminate redundancy. The words "A carrier is not required to submit" are substituted for "need not be submitted" for clarity. The words "but assent in respect of any such security shall be determined as hereinbefore in this section provided" are omitted as surplus.

In subsection (c), the words "For the purposes of this section" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement. The words "Commission determines" are substituted for "in the determination of the Commission" for clarity. The words "the assent of the holder of a security not entitled to vote for the election of directors of the carrier or an evidence of indebtedness is in the control of the carrier or of a person controlling the carrier" are substituted for "a security (other than a security entitled to vote for the election of directors of the carrier) or an evidence of indebtedness . . . the assent of the holder thereof . . . is within the control of the carrier or of any person or persons controlling the carrier" for clarity.

§11364. Procedure

(a) The Commission may prescribe the manner in which assents, assurances of assent, or rejections of the security holders may be solicited whether the solicitation is made before or after the Commission approves and authorizes the proposed change.

(b) The Commission may approve a bank or trust company, incorporated under the law of the United States or a State, that is a member of the Federal Reserve System and has a capital and surplus of at least $2,000,000, to receive assents and revocations of assents from security holders. The Commission may require the security holders to send those assents and revocations to that bank or trust company. That bank or trust company shall certify the result of the submission to the Commission. The Commission may rely on that certification as conclusive evidence in determining the result of that submission.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1443.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
11364 49:20b(2) (5th–7th sentences). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §20b(2) (5th–7th sentences); added Apr. 9, 1948, ch. 180, §2, 62 Stat. 163; Aug. 16, 1957, Pub. L. 85–150, §1, 71 Stat. 369.

The words "may prescribe" are substituted for "shall have the power to make such general rules and regulations and such special requirements in any particular case" for clarity in view of section 10321(a) of the revised title giving the Commission the power to prescribe regulations to carry out the revised subtitle. The words between the semicolon and period in 49:20b(2) (5th sentence) are omitted as surplus. The words "The Commission may rely" are substituted for "the Commission may, in its discretion, rely" for clarity.

§11365. Effect of change on other persons

(a) When a change becomes effective under this subchapter, the change is binding on, and changes the rights of—

(1) each holder of a security of the carrier of each class affected by the change; and

(2) a trustee or other party to an instrument under which a class of securities has been issued or by which it is secured.


(b) An authorization and approval of a change under this subchapter is authority for, and approval of, a corresponding change of the obligation of another carrier that assumed liability related to that class of securities if that carrier consents to the change in writing. When consent is given, the corresponding change becomes effective when the change of the class of securities or instrument becomes binding. A person who is liable or obligated on a class of securities issued by a carrier is a carrier with respect to that class for the purposes of this subchapter.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1443.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
11365(a) 49:20b(2) (less 1st–9th sentences). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §20b(2) (less 1st–9th sentences), (4); added Apr. 9, 1948, ch. 180, §2, 62 Stat. 164.
11365(b) 49:20b(4).

In subsection (a), the word "securities" is substituted for "obligations" for consistency in view of the definition of "security" in section 11301(a)(2) of the revised title. The word "binding" is retained for clarity in view of the context. The words "changes the rights of" are substituted for "shall be correspondingly altered or modified" for clarity.

In subsection (b), the words "under this subchapter" are substituted for "hereunder" for clarity. The words "is authority for, and approval of", are substituted for "shall be deemed to constitute authorization and approval of" for clarity. The words "liability related to that class of securities" are substituted for "liability in respect of such class of securities as guarantor, endorser, surety, or otherwise" for clarity and as being more inclusive. The word "if" is substituted for "Provided, That" for clarity. The words "consents to the change in writing" are substituted for "consents in writing to such alteration or modification of such class of securities" for clarity. The words "in respect of which it has assumed liability or of the instrument pursuant to which such class of securities has been issued or by which it is secured" are omitted as surplus. The words "When consent is given" are substituted for "and, such consent having been given" for clarity. The words "without other action" are omitted as surplus. The words "becomes binding" are substituted for "shall become and be binding" for clarity. The words "contingently or otherwise" are omitted as surplus. The words "is a carrier" are substituted for "shall . . . be deemed a carrier" for clarity.

§11366. Reports

A carrier receiving approval and authorization to make a change under this subchapter shall report the action taken by it in making that change to the Interstate Commerce Commission. The Commission may require periodic or special reports.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1443.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
11366 49:20b(6). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §20b(6); added Apr. 9, 1948, ch. 180, §2, 62 Stat. 166.

The words "carrier . . . shall report . . . to" are added for clarity. The words "The Commission shall require" are omitted in view of the restatement of 49:20b(6). The words "The Commission may require periodic or special" are added for clarity to reflect the discretionary power of the Commission. The word "hereafter" is omitted as surplus. The word "receiving" is substituted for "which shall . . . secure" for clarity. The words "which shall show" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement.

§11367. Application of other laws

(a) Section 14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (15 U.S.C. 78n(a)) does not apply to a solicitation related to a proposed change under this subchapter.

(b) If the Interstate Commerce Commission finds an issuance of a security, that is an interest in a railroad equipment trust as defined in section 3(a)(6) of the Securities Act of 1933 (15 U.S.C. 77c(a)(6)), under this subchapter complies with section 11301 of this title, it is considered to be an issuance subject to section 11301 within the meaning of section 3(a)(6). Section 5 of that Act (15 U.S.C. 77e) does not apply to the issuance, sale, or exchange of certificates of deposit representing securities of, or claims against, a carrier that are issued by committees in proceedings under this subchapter. Those certificates and transactions under this subchapter are exempt from that Act (15 U.S.C. 77a et seq.).

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1444; Pub. L. 98–216, §2(18), (19), Feb. 14, 1984, 98 Stat. 5.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
11367(a) 49:20b(9). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §20b(9), (11); added Apr. 9, 1948, ch. 180, §2, 62 Stat. 166.
11367(b) 49:20b(11).

In subsection (a), the word "change" is substituted for "alteration or modification" for consistency.

In subsection (b), the words "the Interstate Commerce Commission finds . . . complies" are substituted for "which shall be found by the Commission to comply" for clarity. The words "that is an interest in a railroad equipment trust as defined in section 77c(a)(6) of title 15" are added for consistency in view of the amendments made by section 308 of the Railroad Revitalization and Regulatory Reform Act of 1976. The words "is considered" are substituted for "shall be deemed" for clarity. The last sentence is substituted for the words "and said certificates of deposit and transactions therein shall, for the purposes of said Securities Act, be deemed to be added to those exempted by section 77c and 77e of title 15" for clarity.

References in Text

That Act, referred to in subsec. (b), is act May 27, 1933, ch. 38, title I, 48 Stat. 74, as amended, known as the Securities Act of 1933, which is classified generally to subchapter I (section 77a et seq.) of chapter 2A of Title 15, Commerce and Trade. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see section 77a of Title 15 and Tables.

Amendments

1984—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 98–216, §2(18), substituted "Section 14(a) of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934 (15 U.S.C. 78n(a))" for "Section 78n(a) of title 15".

Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 98–216, §2(19), substituted "section 3(a)(6) of the Securities Act of 1933 (15 U.S.C. 77c(a)(6))" for first reference to "section 77c(a)(6) of title 15", "section 3(a)(6)" for second reference to "section 77c(a)(6) of title 15", "Section 5 of that Act (15 U.S.C. 77e)" for "Section 77e of title 15", and "that Act (15 U.S.C. 77a et seq.)" for "subchapter I of chapter 2A of title 15".

CHAPTER 115—FEDERAL-STATE RELATIONS

Sec.
11501.
Interstate Commerce Commission authority over intrastate transportation.
11502.
Conferences and joint hearings with State authorities.
11503.
Tax discrimination against rail transportation property.
11503a.
Tax discrimination against motor carrier transportation property.
11504.
Withholding State and local income tax by certain carriers.
11505.
State action to enjoin rail carriers from certain actions.
11506.
Registration of motor carriers by a State.
11507.
Prison-made property governed by State law.

        

Amendments

1980Pub. L. 96–296, §31(a)(2), July 1, 1980, 94 Stat. 824, added item 11503a.

§11501. Interstate Commerce Commission authority over intrastate transportation

(a) The Interstate Commerce Commission shall prescribe the rate, classification, rule, or practice for transportation or service provided by a household goods freight forwarder subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter IV of chapter 105 of this title when the Commission finds that a rate, classification, rule, or practice of a State causes—

(1) between persons or localities in intrastate commerce and in interstate and foreign commerce, unreasonable discrimination against those persons or localities in interstate or foreign commerce; or

(2) unreasonable discrimination against or imposes an unreasonable burden on interstate or foreign commerce.


(b)(1) A State authority may only exercise jurisdiction over intrastate transportation provided by a rail carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter I of chapter 105 of this title if such State authority exercises such jurisdiction exclusively in accordance with the provisions of this subtitle.

(2) Within 120 days after the effective date of the Staggers Rail Act of 1980, each State authority exercising jurisdiction over intrastate rates, classifications, rules, and practices for intrastate transportation described in paragraph (1) of this subsection shall submit to the Commission the standards and procedures (including timing requirements) used by such State authority in exercising such jurisdiction.

(3)(A) Within 90 days after receipt of the intrastate regulatory rate standards and procedures of a State authority under paragraph (2) of this subsection, the Commission shall certify such State authority for purposes of this subsection if the Commission determines that such standards and procedures are in accordance with the standards and procedures applicable to regulation of rail carriers by the Commission under this subtitle. If the Commission determines that such standards and procedures are not in such accordance, it shall deny certification to such State authority, and such State authority may resubmit new standards and procedures to the Commission for review in accordance with this subsection.

(B) The standards and procedures existing in each State on the effective date of the Staggers Rail Act of 1980 for the exercise of jurisdiction over intrastate rail rates, classifications, rules, and practices shall be deemed to be certified by the Commission from that date until the date an initial determination is made by the Commission under subparagraph (A) of this paragraph.

(4)(A) Any State authority which is certified by the Commission under this subsection may use its standards and procedures in exercising jurisdiction over intrastate rail rates, classifications, rules, and practices during the 5-year period commencing on the date of such certification. Any State authority which is denied certification or which does not seek certification may not exercise any jurisdiction over intrastate rates, classifications, rules, and practices until it receives certification under this subsection.

(B) Any intrastate transportation provided by a rail carrier in a State which may not exercise jurisdiction over an intrastate rate, classification, rule, or practice of that carrier due to a denial of certification under this subsection shall be deemed to be transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter I of chapter 105 of this title.

(5)(A) Certification of a State authority under this subsection is valid for the 5-year period beginning on the date of such certification. Prior to the expiration of such 5-year period, the State authority shall resubmit its intrastate regulatory standards procedures to the Commission for subsequent certification in accordance with this subsection.

(B) During any 5-year certification period, a State may not change its certified standards and procedures without notifying and receiving express approval from the Commission.

(6) Notwithstanding any other provision of this subtitle, a State authority may not exercise any jurisdiction over general rate increases under section 10706 of this title, inflation-based rate increases under section 10712 of this title, or fuel adjustment surcharges approved by the Commission.

(c) Any rail carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter I of chapter 105 of this title may petition the Commission to review the decision of any State authority, in any administrative proceeding in which the lawfulness of an intrastate rate, classification, rule, or practice is determined, on the grounds that the standards and procedures applied by the State were not in accordance with the provisions of this subtitle. The Commission shall take final action on any such petition within 30 days after the date it is received. If the Commission determines that the standards and procedures were not in accordance with the provisions of this subtitle, its order shall determine and authorize the carrier to establish the appropriate rate, classification, rule, or practice.

(d)(1) The Commission has exclusive authority to prescribe an intrastate rate for transportation provided by a rail carrier subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter I of chapter 105 of this title when—

(A) a rail carrier files with an appropriate State authority a change in an intrastate rate, or a change in a classification, rule, or practice that has the effect of changing an intrastate rate, that adjusts the rate to the rate charged on similar traffic moving in interstate or foreign commerce; and

(B) the State authority does not act finally on the change by the 120th day after it was filed.


(2) When a rail carrier files an application with the Commission under this subsection, the Commission shall prescribe the intrastate rate under the standards of subsection (a) of this section and chapter 107 of this title. Notice of the application shall be served on the State authority.

(e) No State or political subdivision thereof and no interstate agency or other political agency of two or more States shall enact or enforce any law, rule, regulation, standard, or other provision having the force and effect of law relating to scheduling of interstate or intrastate transportation provided by motor common carrier of passengers subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II of chapter 105 of this title on an authorized interstate route or relating to the implementation of any reduction in the rates for such transportation except to the extent that notice, not in excess of 30 days, of changes in schedules may be required. This subsection shall not apply to intrastate commuter bus operations.

(f) The Commission may take action (1) under this section only after a full hearing, or (2) with respect to a rate, rule, or practice of a motor common carrier of passengers, in accordance with the procedures established by the Commission under subsection (e)(3)(B) 1 of this section. Action of the Commission under this section supersedes State law or action taken under State law in conflict with the action of the Commission.

(g) Preemption of State Regulation of Freight Forwarders.—

(1) General rule.—Subject to paragraph (2) of this subsection, no State or political subdivision thereof and no interstate agency or other political agency of two or more States shall enact or enforce any law, rule, regulation, standard, or other provision having the force and effect of law relating to interstate rates, interstate routes, or interstate services of any freight forwarder.

(2) Continuation of hawaii's authority.—Nothing in this subsection and the amendments made by the Surface Freight Forwarder Deregulation Act of 1986 shall be construed to affect the authority of the State of Hawaii to continue to regulate a motor carrier operating within the State of Hawaii.


(h) Preemption of State Economic Regulation of Motor Carriers.—

(1) General rule.—Except as provided in paragraphs (2) and (3), a State, political subdivision of a State, or political authority of 2 or more States may not enact or enforce a law, regulation, or other provision having the force and effect of law related to a price, route, or service of any motor carrier (other than a carrier affiliated with a direct air carrier covered by section 41713(b)(4) of this title) or any motor private carrier with respect to the transportation of property.

(2) Matters not covered.—Paragraph (1)—

(A) shall not restrict the safety regulatory authority of a State with respect to motor vehicles, the authority of a State to impose highway route controls or limitations based on the size or weight of the motor vehicle or the hazardous nature of the cargo, or the authority of a State to regulate motor carriers with regard to minimum amounts of financial responsibility relating to insurance requirements and self-insurance authorization; and

(B) does not apply to the transportation of household goods.


(3) State standard transportation practices.—

(A) Continuation.—Paragraph (1) shall not affect any authority of a State, political subdivision of a State, or political authority of 2 or more States to enact or enforce a law, regulation, or other provision, with respect to the intrastate transportation of property by motor carriers, related to—

(i) uniform cargo liability rules,

(ii) uniform bills of lading or receipts for property being transported,

(iii) uniform cargo credit rules, or

(iv) antitrust immunity for joint line rates or routes, classifications and mileage guides,


if such law, regulation, or provision meets the requirements of subparagraph (B).

(B) Requirements.—A law, regulation, or provision of a State, political subdivision, or political authority meets the requirements of this subparagraph if—

(i) the law, regulation, or provision covers the same subject matter as, and compliance with such law, regulation, or provision is no more burdensome than compliance with, a provision of this subtitle or a regulation issued by the Interstate Commerce Commission or the Secretary of Transportation under this subtitle; and

(ii) the law, regulation, or provision only applies to a carrier upon request of such carrier.


(C) Election.—Notwithstanding any other provision of law, a carrier affiliated with a direct air carrier through common controlling ownership may elect to be subject to a law, regulation, or provision of a State, political subdivision, or political authority under this paragraph.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1444; Pub. L. 96–448, title II, §214(a)–(c)(1), Oct. 14, 1980, 94 Stat. 1913, 1915; Pub. L. 97–261, §17(a), Sept. 20, 1982, 96 Stat. 1117; Pub. L. 99–521, §11(a), Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2997; Pub. L. 103–272, §4(j)(34), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1370; Pub. L. 103–305, title VI, §601(c), Aug. 23, 1994, 108 Stat. 1606; Pub. L. 103–311, title II, §211(b)(2), Aug. 26, 1994, 108 Stat. 1689.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
11501(a) 49:13(4) (less 1st–10th words in 1st sentence and less last sentence). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 383, §13(4); Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §416, 41 Stat. 484; Aug. 12, 1958, Pub. L. 85–625, §4, 72 Stat. 570; Feb. 5, 1976, Pub. L. 94–210, §210, 90 Stat. 46.
  49:1006(f) (4th sentence less 1st–10th words). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §406(f) (4th and last sentences); added May 16, 1942, ch. 318, §1, 56 Stat. 288.
11501(b) 49:13(5) (1st, 2d, and 3d sentences). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §13(5); added Feb. 5, 1976, Pub. L. 94–210, §210, 90 Stat. 46; Oct. 19, 1976, Pub. L. 94–555, §220(l), 90 Stat. 2630.
11501(c) 49:13(4) (1st–10th words in 1st sentence and last sentence).

49:13(5) (less 1st, 2d, and 3d sentences).

49:1006(f) (1st–10th words in 4th sentence and last sentence).

The section consolidates and restates the source provisions for clarity. The word "rate" is substituted for "rate, fare, or charge" in view of the definition of "rate" in section 10102 of this title.

In subsection (a)(1), the word "rule" is substituted for "regulation" for consistency when referring to carriers. The word "unreasonable" is substituted for "undue, unreasonable, or unjust" for consistency. The words "discrimination against" are substituted for "advantage, preference, or prejudice" for consistency. See the revision note to section 10101 of the revised title. The words "which is hereby forbidden and declared to be unlawful" are omitted as surplus. The words "in such manner as, in its judgment, will remove such" are omitted as surplus. The words "on the one hand" and "on the other hand" are omitted as surplus. The words "maximum or minimum, or maximum and minimum" are omitted as surplus.

In subsection (a)(2), the words "or their results" are substituted for "results thereof" for clarity. The word "operating" is inserted for clarity. The words "entirely in" are substituted for "wholly within" for clarity.

In subsection (b)(1), the word "prescribe" is substituted for "determine and prescribe" to eliminate redundancy. The words "State authority" are substituted for "administrative or regulatory body of a State" for consistency. The word "has" is substituted for "shall have" for clarity. The word "when" is substituted for "if" for clarity. The words "rail carrier" are substituted for "carrier by railroad" for clarity and consistency. The words "that adjusts" are substituted for "for the purpose of adjusting" for clarity. The word "by" is substituted for "within" for clarity. The words "does not act" are substituted for "has not . . . acted" for clarity.

In subsection (b)(2), the words "determine and" are omitted to eliminate redundancy. The word "intrastate" is added for clarity. The words "under . . . of subsection (a) of this section" are substituted for "according to . . . set forth in paragraph (4) of this section" to conform to the revised title. The words "thereafter to be charged" are omitted as unnecessary.

In subsection (c), the last sentence is substituted for 49:13(4) (last sentence), (5) (4th sentence), and 1006(f) (last sentence) for clarity.

References in Text

The effective date of the Staggers Rail Act of 1980, referred to in subsec. (b)(2) and (3)(B), probably means Oct. 1, 1980, the general effective date of Pub. L. 96–448. See section 710 of Pub. L. 96–448, set out as an Effective Date of 1980 Amendment note under section 10101 of this title.

Subsection (e)(3)(B) of this section, referred to in subsec. (f), was repealed by Pub. L. 103–311, title II, §211(b)(2)(A), Aug. 26, 1994, 108 Stat. 1689.

The Surface Freight Forwarder Deregulation Act of 1986, referred to in subsec. (g)(2), is Pub. L. 99–521, Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2993. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title of 1986 Amendment note set out under section 10101 of this title and Tables.

Amendments

1994—Subsec. (b)(3)(A). Pub. L. 103–272 substituted "subtitle" for "title".

Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 103–311 struck out pars. (1) to (4) and (6), redesignated par. (5) as entire subsection, and substituted "subsection" for "paragraph". Prior to amendment, pars. (1) to (4) and (6) related to authority of Interstate Commerce Commission to prescribe rates, rules, or practices relating to intrastate commerce where applicable State regulation was discriminatory against interstate or foreign commerce, criteria for such rates, rules, or practices, procedures for applications and complaints relating thereto, and predatory practices.

Subsec. (h). Pub. L. 103–305 added subsec. (h).

1986—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 99–521, §11(a)(1), substituted "household goods freight forwarder" for "carrier".

Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 99–521, §11(a)(2), added subsec. (g).

1982—Subsecs. (e), (f). Pub. L. 97–261, §17(a), added subsec. (e), redesignated former subsec. (e) as (f) and designated provision relating to a full hearing as cl. (1) and added cl. (2).

1980—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 96–448, §214(a), struck out par. (2) which authorized the Commission to make a finding under this subsection without separating interstate and intrastate property, revenues, and expenses, and without considering the total operations, or their results, of a carrier or group of carriers operating entirely in one State, substituted "(a)" for "(a)(1)" and "subchapter IV" for "subchapter I or IV", and redesignated subpars. (A) and (B) as pars. (1) and (2), respectively.

Subsecs. (b), (c). Pub. L. 96–448, §214(b), added subsecs. (b) and (c). Former subsecs. (b) and (c) redesignated (d) and (e), respectively.

Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 96–448, §214(b), (c)(1), redesignated former subsec. (b) as (d), and in par. (2) of subsec. (d) as so redesignated, inserted "and chapter 107 of this title".

Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 96–448, §214(b), redesignated former subsec. (c) as (e).

Effective Date of 1994 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 103–305 effective Jan. 1, 1995, except that with respect to State of Hawaii, effective on last day of 3-year period beginning Aug. 23, 1994, see section 601(d) of Pub. L. 103–305, set out as a note under section 10521 of this title.

Effective Date of 1986 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 99–521 effective 60 days after Oct. 22, 1986, see section 15 of Pub. L. 99–521, set out as a note under section 10102 of this title.

Effective Date of 1982 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 97–261 effective on 60th day after Sept. 20, 1982, see section 31(a) of Pub. L. 97–261, set out as a note under section 10101 of this title.

Effective Date of 1980 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 96–448 effective Oct. 1, 1980, see section 710(a) of Pub. L. 96–448, set out as a note under section 10101 of this title.

Preemption of Intrastate Transportation of Property

Section 601(a) of Pub. L. 103–305 provided that: "Congress finds and declares that—

"(1) the regulation of intrastate transportation of property by the States has—

"(A) imposed an unreasonable burden on interstate commerce;

"(B) impeded the free flow of trade, traffic, and transportation of interstate commerce; and

"(C) placed an unreasonable cost on the American consumers; and

"(2) certain aspects of the State regulatory process should be preempted."

Cooperation With States; Revision of Standards and Procedures by States; Commission Report

Section 17(c)–(e) of Pub. L. 97–261 provided that:

"(c) The Interstate Commerce Commission, in consultation with each national association representing State departments, agencies, and instrumentalities having jurisdiction over motor common carrier transportation of passengers, shall cooperate with each such department, agency, or instrumentality of a State for the purpose of establishing standards and procedures (including timing requirements) for rates, rules, and practices applicable to intrastate transportation provided by motor common carriers of passengers who provide transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II of chapter 105 of subtitle IV of title 49, United States Code, which are—

"(1) to the extent feasible, uniform among the States; and

"(2) consistent with the standards and procedures established by the Interstate Commerce Commission under such subtitle for regulation of interstate transportation provided by motor common carriers of passengers.

"(d) It is the sense of Congress that each State should revise its standards and procedures (including timing requirements) for rates, rules, and practices applicable to intrastate transportation provided by motor common carriers of passengers to conform such standards and procedures to the standards and procedures for rates, rules, and practices applicable to interstate transportation provided by motor carriers of passengers not later than 2 years after the effective date of this section [the 60th day after Sept. 20, 1982].

"(e) Not later than 30 months after the effective date of this section [the 60th day after Sept. 20, 1982], the Interstate Commerce Commission shall report to the Congress on the results of its efforts to establish uniform standards and procedures applicable to motor common carrier of passengers rates, rules, and practices."

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in sections 10321, 10322, 10501, 10521, 11126 of this title.

1 See References in Text note below.

§11502. Conferences and joint hearings with State authorities

(a)(1) In carrying out this subtitle as it applies to a class of persons providing transportation or service subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under subchapter I, III, or IV of chapter 105 of this title, the Commission may—

(A) confer and hold joint hearings with the State authorities having regulatory jurisdiction of that class when the conference or hearing is related to an investigation of the relationship between rate structures and practices of carriers providing transportation or service subject to the jurisdiction of the State authorities and of the Commission, and the Commission may take action as a result of the investigation that may affect the rate-making authority of a State; and

(B) cooperate with and use the services, records, and facilities of the State authorities.


(2) In carrying out this subtitle as it applies to motor carriers and brokers providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II of chapter 105 of this title, the Commission may—

(A) confer and hold joint hearings with State authorities;

(B) cooperate with and use the services, records, and facilities of State authorities; and

(C) make cooperative agreements with a State to enforce the economic laws and regulations of a State and the United States concerning highway transportation.


(b) When an investigation under this subtitle involving a common carrier providing transportation or service subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter I or IV of chapter 105 of this title, is about a rate, classification, rule, or practice of a State, the Commission shall notify the interested State of the proceeding before disposing of the issue.

(c) When a representative of a State authority sits with the Commission in an investigation about a carrier subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter I or III of chapter 105 of this title, the representative may be given an allowance for travel and subsistence expenses. The Commission may determine the amount of the allowance.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1445.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
11502(a)(1) 49:13(3) (less 1st sentence). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §13(2) (last sentence), (3); added Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §416, 41 Stat. 484; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543; Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §9, 54 Stat. 910; Aug. 12, 1958, Pub. L. 85–625, §4, 72 Stat. 570.
  49:1006(f) (2d and 3d sentences). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §406(f) (less 4th and last sentences); added May 16, 1942, ch. 318, §1, 56 Stat. 288.
11502(a)(2) 49:305(f) (less 4th sentence). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §205(f) (less 4th sentence); added Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 548; Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §20(c)(2), 54 Stat. 922; Sept. 6, 1965, Pub. L. 89–170, §1, 79 Stat. 648.
11502(b) 49:13(3) (1st sentence).

49:1006(f) (less 2d–last sentences).

11502(c) 49:13(2) (last sentence).

In subsection (a), the words "In carrying out this subtitle" are substituted for "in the enforcement of any provision of this chapter or chapter 12 of this title" in 49:13(3) and "in the enforcement of any provision of this chapter" in 49:1006(f) for clarity and to conform to the revised title. The words "and corporations" are omitted in view of the definition of "person" in section 10102 of the revised title. The words "providing transportation or service subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under subchapter I, III, or IV of chapter 105 of this title" and "providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II of chapter 105 of this title" are substituted for "subject to this chapter or chapter 12 of this title" in 49:13(3), "subject to this chapter" in 49:1006(f), and "under this chapter" in 49:305(f) for clarity and to conform to the revised title. The words "and to that end is authorized and empowered, under rules to be prescribed by it, and which may be modified from time to time" in 49:13(3) and "and to that end the Commission is authorized under rules to be prescribed by it" in 49:1006(f) are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement and section 10321 of the bill giving the Commission general authority to carry out the subtitle and prescribe regulations. The words "is also authorized to avail itself of the" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement. The words "in connection with any matter arising in any proceeding under this chapter" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement. The words "in the enforcement or administration of any provision of this chapter" in 49:305(f) are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement. The words "and safety" in 49:305(f) are omitted as being transferred to the Secretary of Transportation.

In subsection (b), the words "When an investigation under this subtitle" are substituted for "Whenever in any investigation under the provisions of this chapter, or in any investigation instituted upon petition of" for clarity. The words "providing transportation or service subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter I or IV of chapter 105 of this title" are inserted for clarity. The words "is about a" are substituted for "shall be brought in issue" for clarity. The words "made or imposed by" are omitted as surplus. The words "disposing of" are substituted for "proceeding to hear and dispose of" for clarity and as being more inclusive.

In subsection (c), the words "subchapter . . . III of chapter 105" are used to make the subsection apply to water carriers since the words "under the provisions of this section" require that result in view of 49:13(3). The words "in cases pending before the Commission" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement. The words "may be given" are substituted for "shall receive" for clarity. The words "may determine" are substituted for "shall provide" for clarity.

§11503. Tax discrimination against rail transportation property

(a) In this section—

(1) "assessment" means valuation for a property tax levied by a taxing district.

(2) "assessment jurisdiction" means a geographical area in a State used in determining the assessed value of property for ad valorem taxation.

(3) "rail transportation property" means property, as defined by the Interstate Commerce Commission, owned or used by a rail carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter I of chapter 105 of this title.

(4) "commercial and industrial property" means property, other than transportation property and land used primarily for agricultural purposes or timber growing, devoted to a commercial or industrial use and subject to a property tax levy.


(b) The following acts unreasonably burden and discriminate against interstate commerce, and a State, subdivision of a State, or authority acting for a State or subdivision of a State may not do any of them:

(1) assess rail transportation property at a value that has a higher ratio to the true market value of the rail transportation property than the ratio that the assessed value of other commercial and industrial property in the same assessment jurisdiction has to the true market value of the other commercial and industrial property.

(2) levy or collect a tax on an assessment that may not be made under clause (1) of this subsection.

(3) levy or collect an ad valorem property tax on rail transportation property at a tax rate that exceeds the tax rate applicable to commercial and industrial property in the same assessment jurisdiction.

(4) impose another tax that discriminates against a rail carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter I of chapter 105 of this title.


(c) Notwithstanding section 1341 of title 28 and without regard to the amount in controversy or citizenship of the parties, a district court of the United States has jurisdiction, concurrent with other jurisdiction of courts of the United States and the States, to prevent a violation of subsection (b) of this section. Relief may be granted under this subsection only if the ratio of assessed value to true market value of rail transportation property exceeds by at least 5 percent, the ratio of assessed value to true market value of other commercial and industrial property in the same assessment jurisdiction. The burden of proof in determining assessed value and true market value is governed by State law. If the ratio of the assessed value of other commercial and industrial property in the assessment jurisdiction to the true market value of all other commercial and industrial property cannot be determined to the satisfaction of the district court through the random-sampling method known as a sales assessment ratio study (to be carried out under statistical principles applicable to such a study), the court shall find, as a violation of this section—

(1) an assessment of the rail transportation property at a value that has a higher ratio to the true market value of the rail transportation property than the assessed value of all other property subject to a property tax levy in the assessment jurisdiction has to the true market value of all other commercial and industrial property; and

(2) the collection of an ad valorem property tax on the rail transportation property at a tax rate that exceeds the tax ratio rate applicable to taxable property in the taxing district.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1445.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
11503 49:26c. Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §28; added Feb. 5, 1976, Pub. L. 94–210, §306, 90 Stat. 54; Oct. 19, 1976, Pub. L. 94–555, §220(o), 90 Stat. 2630.

In subsection (a), the words "for purposes of" in 49:26c(3) are omitted as surplus. The words "such as a State or a county, city, township, or special purpose district . . . which is a unit" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement. The words "all other commercial and industrial property" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement. The words "real or personal" are omitted as surplus. The words "providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter I of chapter 105 of this title" are substituted for "subject to this part" for clarity and to conform to the revised title. The words "National Railroad Passenger Corporation" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement and the Act establishing the Corporation.

In subsection (b), the words "Notwithstanding the provisions of section 202(b)" are omitted as unnecessary because of the restatement of the source provisions of section 10521(b)(4) of the revised title. The word "unreasonably" is substituted for "unreasonable and unjust" for consistency. See the revision note to section 10101 of the revised title. The words "is declared" are omitted as surplus. The words "may not do any of them" are substituted for "any action described in this subsection" and "It is unlawful for . . . to commit any of the following prohibited acts" for clarity. The word "political" is omitted as surplus. The words "for a State" are substituted for "on behalf of such State" for clarity. The words "for purposes of" in 49:26c(1) are omitted as surplus. The words "has a higher" are substituted for "bears a higher" for clarity. The words "that exceeds" are substituted for "higher than" for clarity. The words "that discriminates against" are substituted for "which results in discriminatory treatment" for clarity. The words "providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter I of chapter 105 of this title" are substituted for "subject to this part" for clarity and to conform to the revised title.

In subsection (c), the words "or of the constitution or laws of any State" are omitted as unnecessary in view of article VI of the Constitution. The words "has jurisdiction" are substituted for "shall have jurisdiction" for clarity. The words "such mandatory or prohibitive" and "interim equitable relief" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement. The word "prevent" is substituted for "prevent, restrain, or terminate" to eliminate redundancy. The words "violation of" are substituted for "any acts in violation of" for clarity. The words "concurrent with" are substituted for "shall not be exclusive of" for clarity and to restate the rule in the positive. The words "United States" are substituted for "Federal" for consistency. The words "may have in the absence of this subsection" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement. The words "Relief may be granted . . . only if" are substituted for "no relief may be granted . . . unless" for clarity and to restate the rule in the positive. The words "is governed by" are substituted for "shall be that declared by" for clarity. The word "if" is substituted for "in the event" for clarity. The words "cannot be determined" are substituted for "cannot be established" for clarity. The words "hearing the complaint that transportation property has been or is being assessed or taxed in contravention of the provisions of this section" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement. The words "court shall find, as a violation of this section" are substituted for "court shall hold unlawful" for clarity. Paragraph (2)(b) of 49:26c is omitted as a temporary provision and included as a conforming provision in section 2(b) of the bill.

Effective Date

Section 2(b) of Pub. L. 95–473 provided: "Section 11503 of title 49, as stated in the first section of this Act, is effective after February 4, 1979."

§11503a. Tax discrimination against motor carrier transportation property

(a) In this section—

(1) "assessment" means valuation for a property tax levied by a taxing district;

(2) "assessment jurisdiction" means a geographical area in a State used in determining the assessed value of property for ad valorem taxation;

(3) "motor carrier transportation property" means property, as defined by the Interstate Commerce Commission, owned or used by a motor carrier providing transportation in interstate commerce whether or not such transportation is subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II of chapter 105 of this title; and

(4) "commercial and industrial property" means property, other than transportation property and land used primarily for agricultural purposes or timber growing, devoted to a commercial or industrial use and subject to a property tax levy.


(b) The following acts unreasonably burden and discriminate against interstate commerce and a State, subdivision of a State, or authority acting for a State or subdivision of a State may not do any of them:

(1) assess motor carrier transportation property at a value that has a higher ratio to the true market value of the motor carrier transportation property than the ratio that the assessed value of other commercial and industrial property in the same assessment jurisdiction has to the true market value of the other commercial and industrial property;

(2) levy or collect a tax on an assessment that may not be made under paragraph (1) of this subsection;

(3) levy or collect an ad valorem property tax on motor carrier transportation property at a tax rate that exceeds the tax rate applicable to commercial and industrial property in the same assessment jurisdiction.


(c) Notwithstanding section 1341 of title 28 and without regard to the amount in controversy or citizenship of the parties, a district court of the United States has jurisdiction, concurrent with other jurisdiction of courts of the United States and the States, to prevent a violation of subsection (b) of this section. Relief may be granted under this subsection only if the ratio of assessed value to true market value of motor carrier transportation property exceeds by at least 5 percent, the ratio of assessed value to true market value of other commercial and industrial property in the same assessment jurisdiction. The burden of proof in determining assessed value and true market value is governed by State law. If the ratio of the assessed value of other commercial and industrial property in the assessment jurisdiction to the true market value of all other commercial and industrial property cannot be determined to the satisfaction of the district court through the random-sampling method known as a sales assessment ratio study (to be carried out under statistical principles applicable to such a study), the court shall find, as a violation of this section—

(1) an assessment of the motor carrier transportation property at a value that has a higher ratio to the true market value of the motor carrier transportation property than the assessment value of all other property subject to a property tax levy in the assessment jurisdiction has to the true market value of all such other property; and

(2) the collection of ad valorem property tax on the motor carrier transportation property at a tax rate that exceeds the tax ratio rate applicable to taxable property in the taxing district.

(Added Pub. L. 96–296, §31(a)(1), July 1, 1980, 94 Stat. 823; amended Pub. L. 97–261, §20, Sept. 20, 1982, 96 Stat. 1122.)

Amendments

1982—Subsec. (a)(3). Pub. L. 97–261, §20(a), struck out "of property" after "used by a motor carrier".

Subsec. (c)(1). Pub. L. 97–261, §20(b), substituted "such other property" for "other commercial and industrial property".

Effective Date of 1982 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 97–261 effective on 60th day after Sept. 20, 1982, see section 31(a) of Pub. L. 97–261, set out as a note under section 10101 of this title.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in section 10521 of this title.

§11504. Withholding State and local income tax by certain carriers

(a) No part of the compensation paid by a rail carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter I of chapter 105 of this title to an employee who performs regularly assigned duties as such an employee on a railroad in more than one State shall be subject to the income tax laws of any State or subdivision of that State, other than the State or subdivision thereof of the employee's residence.

(b)(1) No part of the compensation paid by a motor carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II of chapter 105 of this title or by a motor private carrier to an employee who performs regularly assigned duties in 2 or more States as such an employee with respect to a motor vehicle shall be subject to the income tax laws of any State or subdivision of that State, other than the State or subdivision thereof of the employee's residence.

(2) In this subsection "employee" has the meaning given such term in section 31132 of this title.

(c)(1) In this subsection, an employee is deemed to have earned more than 50 percent of pay in a State or subdivision of that State in which the time worked by the employee in the State or subdivision is more than 50 percent of the total time worked by the employee while employed during the calendar year.

(2) A water carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter III of chapter 105 of this title or a water carrier or class of water carriers providing transportation on inland or coastal waters under an exemption under this subtitle shall file income tax information returns and other reports only with—

(A) the State and subdivision of residence of the employee (as shown on the employment records of the carrier); and

(B) the State and subdivision in which the employee earned more than 50 percent of the pay received by the employee from the carrier during the preceding calendar year.


(3) This subsection applies to pay of a master, officer, or sailor who is a member of the crew on a vessel engaged in foreign, coastwise, intercoastal or noncontiguous trade or in the fisheries of the United States.

(d) A rail, motor, and motor private carrier withholding pay from an employee under subsection (a) or (b) of this section shall file income tax information returns and other reports only with the State and subdivision of residence of the employee.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1446; Pub. L. 97–261, §29(d), Sept. 20, 1982, 96 Stat. 1128; Pub. L. 101–322, §7, July 6, 1990, 104 Stat. 296; Pub. L. 103–272, §5(m)(33), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1378.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
11504(a) 49:26a (less (a) words after semicolon). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §§26, 226A, 324; added Dec. 23, 1970, Pub. L. 91–569, §§1, 2(b), 3(a), 84 Stat. 1499.
11504(b) 49:325a (less (a) words after semicolon).
11504(c) 49:922b.
11504(d) 49:26a ((a) words after semicolon).
  49:325a ((a) words after semicolon).

The section restates and consolidates the source provisions in one section for clarity. The word "pay" is substituted for "compensation" for consistency in view of chapter 55 of title 5. The words "motor private carrier" are substituted for "private carrier of property by motor vehicle" for consistency in view of the definition of "motor private carrier" in section 10102 of this title. The words "shall withhold" are substituted for "No . . . shall be withheld . . . other than" and "withholding shall be required" for clarity. The words "in at least 2 States" are substituted for "more than one State" for clarity and consistency. The words "received by the employee from the carrier" are inserted for clarity. The words "withholding pay from an employee under subsection (a) or (b) of this section" are inserted for clarity. The words "carrier . . . shall file" are substituted for "nor shall such carrier file . . . other than" for clarity.

Amendments

1994—Subsec. (b)(2). Pub. L. 103–272 substituted "section 31132 of this title" for "section 204 of the Motor Carrier Safety Act of 1984 (49 App. U.S.C. 2503)".

1990—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 101–322, §7(a), amended subsec. (a) generally. Prior to amendment, subsec. (a) read as follows:

"(1) In this subsection, an employee is deemed to have earned more than 50 percent of pay in a State or subdivision of a State if the employee—

"(A) performs regularly assigned duties on a locomotive, car, or other track-borne vehicle in at least 2 States and the mileage traveled in one State or subdivision of that State is more than 50 percent of the total mileage traveled by the employee while employed during the calendar year; or

"(B) is engaged principally in maintaining roadways, signals, communications, and structures or in operating motortrucks from railroad terminals in at least 2 States and the percent of the time worked by the employee in one State or subdivision of that State is more than 50 percent of the total time worked by the employee while employed during the calendar year.

"(2) A rail, express, or sleeping car carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under subchapter I of chapter 105 of this title shall withhold from the pay of an employee referred to in paragraph (1) of this subsection only income tax required to be withheld by the laws of a State, or subdivision of that State—

"(A) in which the employee earns more than 50 percent of the pay received by the employee from the carrier; or

"(B) that is the residence of the employee (as shown on the employment records of the carrier), if the employee did not earn in one State or subdivision more than 50 percent of the pay received by the employee from the carrier during the preceding calendar year."

Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 101–322, §7(b), amended subsec. (b) generally. Prior to amendment, subsec. (b) read as follows:

"(1) In this subsection—

"(A) 'State' includes a State, territory, or possession of the United States, and the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico.

"(B) an employee is deemed to have earned more than 50 percent of pay in a State or subdivision of a State in which the mileage traveled by the employee in that State or subdivision is more than 50 percent of the total mileage traveled by the employee while employed during the calendar year.

"(2) A motor carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II of chapter 105 of this title and a motor private carrier shall withhold from the pay of an employee having regularly assigned duties on a motor vehicle in at least 2 States, only income tax required to be withheld by the laws of a State, or subdivision of that State—

"(A) in which the employee earns more than 50 percent of the pay received by the employee from the carrier; or

"(B) that is the residence of the employee (as shown on the employment records of the carrier), if the employee did not earn in one State or subdivision more than 50 percent of the pay received by the employee from the carrier during the preceding calendar year."

Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 101–322, §7(c), struck out "express, sleeping car," after "A rail," and substituted "with the State and subdivision of residence of the employee." for "with—

"(1) the State and subdivision of residence of the employee; and

"(2) the State and subdivision in which withholding of pay is required under subsection (a) or (b) of this section."

1982—Subsec. (c)(3). Pub. L. 97–261 substituted "sailor" for "seaman".

Effective Date of 1982 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 97–261 effective on the 60th day after Sept. 20, 1982, see section 31(a) of Pub. L. 97–261, set out as a note under section 10101 of this title.

Applicability of 1990 Amendment

Pub. L. 103–440, title II, §209, Nov. 2, 1994, 108 Stat. 4621, provided that: "The amendments made by section 7 of the Amtrak Reauthorization and Improvement Act of 1990 [section 7 of Pub. L. 101–322, amending this section] shall apply to all periods before and after the date of their enactment [July 6, 1990]."

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in section 10521 of this title.

§11505. State action to enjoin rail carriers from certain actions

(a) The attorney general of a State or transportation regulatory authority of a State or area affected by a violation of sections 10901–10907 of this title, may bring a civil action to enjoin a rail carrier from violating those sections.

(b) A transportation regulatory authority of a State affected by an abandonment of service by a household goods freight forwarder in violation of section 10933 of this title may bring a civil action to enjoin the abandonment.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1448; Pub. L. 99–521, §11(b), Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2998.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
11505(a) 49:1(18)(e) (related to State enforcement). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §§1(18)(e) (related to State enforcement) and 1a(9) (related to State enforcement); added Feb. 5, 1976, Pub. L. 94–210, §§801(a), 802, 90 Stat. 126, 130.
  49:1a(9) (related to State enforcement).
11505(b) 49:1010(i) (related to State enforcement). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §410(i) (related to State enforcement); added May 16, 1942, ch. 318, §1, 56 Stat. 293.

In subsection (a), the words "of a State" are inserted for clarity. The words "may bring" are substituted for "commenced and maintained" for clarity. The words "sections 10901–10907 of this title" are inserted for clarity.

In subsection (b), the words "transportation regulatory authority" are substituted for "commission or regulating body" for clarity and consistency. The words "of service by a freight forwarder in violation of section 10933 of this title" are inserted for clarity. The words "civil action" are substituted for "suit" for clarity and consistency.

Amendments

1986—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 99–521 inserted "household goods" before "freight forwarder".

Effective Date of 1986 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 99–521 effective 60 days after Oct. 22, 1986, see section 15 of Pub. L. 99–521, set out as a note under section 10102 of this title.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in section 11126 of this title.

§11506. Registration of motor carriers by a State

(a) Definitions.—In this section, the terms "standards" and "amendments to standards" mean the specification of forms and procedures required by regulations of the Interstate Commerce Commission to prove the lawfulness of transportation by motor carrier referred to in section 10521(a)(1) and (2) of this title.

(b) General Rule.—The requirement of a State that a motor carrier, providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II of chapter 105 of this title and providing transportation in that State, register the certificate or permit issued to the carrier under section 10922 or 10923 of this title is not an unreasonable burden on transportation referred to in section 10521(a)(1) and (2) of this title when the registration is completed under standards of the Commission under subsection (c) of this section. When a State registration requirement imposes obligations in excess of the standards, the part in excess is an unreasonable burden.

(c) Single State Registration System.—

(1) In general.—Not later than 18 months after the date of the enactment of the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991, the Commission shall prescribe amendments to the standards existing as of such date of enactment. Such amendments shall implement a system under which—

(A) a motor carrier is required to register annually with only one State;

(B) the State of registration shall fully comply with standards prescribed under this section; and

(C) such single State registration shall be deemed to satisfy the registration requirements of all other States.


(2) Specific requirements.—

(A) Evidence of certificate; proof of insurance; payment of fees.—Under the amended standards implementing the single State registration system described in paragraph (1) of this subsection, only a State acting in its capacity as registration State under such single State system may require a motor carrier holding a certificate or permit issued under this subtitle—

(i) to file and maintain evidence of such certificate or permit;

(ii) to file satisfactory proof of required insurance or qualification as a self-insurer;

(iii) to pay directly to such State fee amounts in accordance with the fee system established under subparagraph (B)(iv) of this paragraph, subject to allocation of fee revenues among all States in which the carrier operates and which participate in the single State registration system; and

(iv) to file the name of a local agent for service of process.


(B) Receipts; fee system.—Such amended standards—

(i) shall require that the registration State issue a receipt, in a form prescribed under the amended standards, reflecting that the carrier has filed proof of insurance as provided under subparagraph (A)(ii) of this paragraph and has paid fee amounts in accordance with the fee system established under clause (iv) of this subparagraph;

(ii) shall require that copies of the receipt issued under clause (i) of this subparagraph be kept in each of the carrier's commercial motor vehicles;

(iii) shall not require decals, stamps, cab cards, or any other means of registering or identifying specific vehicles operated by the carrier;

(iv) shall establish a fee system for the filing of proof of insurance as provided under subparagraph (A)(ii) of this paragraph that (I) will be based on the number of commercial motor vehicles the carrier operates in a State and on the number of States in which the carrier operates, (II) will minimize the costs of complying with the registration system, and (III) will result in a fee for each participating State that is equal to the fee, not to exceed $10 per vehicle, that such State collected or charged as of November 15, 1991; and

(v) shall not authorize the charging or collection of any fee for filing and maintaining a certificate or permit under subparagraph (A)(i) of this paragraph.


(C) Prohibited fees.—The charging or collection of any fee under this section that is not in accordance with the fee system established under subparagraph (B)(iv) of this paragraph shall be deemed to be a burden on interstate commerce.

(D) Limitation on participation by states.—Only a State which, as of January 1, 1991, charged or collected a fee for a vehicle identification stamp or number under part 1023 of title 49, Code of Federal Regulations, shall be eligible to participate as a registration State under this subsection or to receive any fee revenue under this subsection.


(3) Effective date of amendments.—Amendments prescribed under this subsection shall take effect by January 1, 1994.


(d) Interpretation Authority of Commission.—This section does not affect the authority of the Commission to interpret its regulations and certificates and permits issued under section 10922 or 10923 of this title.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1448; Pub. L. 102–240, title IV, §4005, Dec. 18, 1991, 105 Stat. 2146.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
11506 49:302(b) (less (1)). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §202(b) (less (1)); Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543; Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §17, 54 Stat. 920; added Sept. 6, 1965, Pub. L. 89–170, §2, 79 Stat. 648; Oct. 28, 1974, Pub. L. 93–496, §14, 88 Stat. 1532.

In subsection (a), the words "to prove" are substituted for "to evidence" for clarity. The words "transportation referred to in section 10521(a)(1) and (2) of this title" are substituted for "interstate operations of a carrier" in view of the restatement of the jurisdictional requirements in section 10521(a) of the revised title. The words "current records of" are omitted as surplus. The words "to the motor carrier" are inserted for clarity. The word "registering" is substituted for "registering and identifying" to eliminate redundancy. The words "proof of" are substituted for "evidence of" for clarity. The word "required" is substituted for "currently effective" for clarity. The words "under rules and regulations of the Commission" are omitted as unnecessary in view of section 10321(a) of the revised title giving the Commission general authority to carry out the subtitle and prescribe regulations. The word "name" is substituted for "resignations" for clarity.

In subsection (b), the words "providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II of chapter 105 of this title" are substituted for "operating in interstate or foreign commerce" for clarity and to conform to the revised title. The words "providing transportation in that State" are substituted for "within the border of that State" for clarity. The words "certificate or permit issued to the carrier under section 10922 or 10923 of this title" are substituted for "certificate of public convenience and necessity or permit issued by the Commission" in view of the restatement and to conform to the revised title. The words "is not" are substituted for "shall not constitute" for clarity. The words "unreasonable burden" are substituted for "undue burden" for clarity and consistency. The words "transportation referred to in section 10521(a)(1) and (2) of this title" are substituted for "interstate commerce" in view of the restatement of the jurisdictional requirements in section 10521(a) of this title. The word "when" is substituted for "provided" for clarity. The word "completed" is substituted for "accomplished" for clarity. The word "under" is substituted for "in accordance with" for clarity. The words "standards of the Commission under subsection (c) of this section" are inserted for clarity. The words "When a State registration requirement imposes obligations in excess of the standards" are substituted for "To the extent that any State requirements for registration of motor carrier certificates or permits issued by the Commission impose obligations which are in excess of the standards or amendments thereto promulgated under this paragraph" for clarity. The words "part in excess" are substituted for "such excessive requirements" for clarity.

In subsection (c)(1), the words "The Commission shall maintain" are substituted for "As so certified, such standards, or amendments thereto, shall be promulgated forthwith by the Commission" for clarity and in view of the execution of the provision. The words "prepared and certified" are substituted for "determined and officially certified" for clarity. The words "referred to in section 305(f) of this title" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement. The words "shall become effective five years from the date of such promulgation" are omitted as executed. The words "If the national organization of the State commissions fails to determine and certify to the Commission such standards within eighteen months from September 6, 1965" are omitted as executed. The word "entirely" is substituted for "in their entirety" for clarity. The words "the Commission shall" are substituted for "it shall be the duty of the Commission" for clarity. The word "prescribe" is substituted for "devise and promulgate" for clarity. The words "by the end of" are substituted for "within . . . thereafter" for clarity. The words "from time to time" are omitted as surplus.

In subsection (c)(2), the words "prepared . . . and prescribed" are substituted for "which are determined . . . and promulgated" for clarity. The words "on such initial effective date" and "prior to the initial effective date of such standards" are omitted as executed. The words "when the amendment is prescribed" are substituted for "at the time of promulgation" for clarity. The words "at another time" are substituted for "at such other time" for clarity. The words "subsequent to promulgation by the Commission" and "after such standards become effective initially" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement.

In subsection (d), the words "when preparing" are substituted for "In determining" for clarity. The word "prescribed" is substituted for "determined and promulgated" for clarity.

In subsection (e), the words "This section does not" are substituted for "Nothing in this paragraph shall be construed" for clarity. The word "regulations" is substituted for "rule or regulation," when referring to the Commission, for consistency. The words "affect the authority of the Commission" are substituted for "deprive the Commission . . . of its jurisdiction" for clarity. The words "when there is a reasonable question of interpretation or construction" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement. The word "interpret" is substituted for "interpret or construe" to eliminate redundancy. The words "certificates and permits issued under section 10922 or 10923 of this title" are substituted for "certificates of public convenience and necessity, permits" in view of the restatement relating to "certificates of public convenience and necessity" in section 10922 of the revised title and "permits" in section 10923 of the revised title.

References in Text

The date of the enactment of the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991, referred to in subsec. (c)(1), is the date of enactment of Pub. L. 102–240, which was approved Dec. 18, 1991.

Amendments

1991Pub. L. 102–240 amended section generally, substituting subsecs. (a) to (d) for former subsecs. (a) to (e) defining "standards" and "amendments to standards", providing that a State requirement that a motor carrier register certificate or permit issued under section 10922 or 10923 is not an unreasonable burden on transportation but that requirements beyond Commission standards are unreasonable burdens, requiring Commission to maintain standards and amendments to standards prescribed and certified by national organization of State Commissions and prescribed by Commission and providing for effectiveness of amendments to standards, requiring consultation between Commission and national organization when preparing amendments, and providing limits on applicability of section.

Participation in International Registration Plan and International Fuel Tax Agreement

Section 4008 of Pub. L. 102–240, which provided for establishment of working group consisting of State and local government officials for purpose of proposing procedures for resolution of disputes among States participating in International Registration Plan and International Fuel Tax Agreement, and which further provided for technical assistance to participating States, grants to participating States, vehicle registration limitations on nonparticipating States, fuel use tax reporting requirements and payments, enforcement of such provisions, and funding for working group, was repealed and reenacted as chapter 317 of this title by Pub. L. 103–272, §§1(e), 7(b), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1031, 1379.

§11507. Prison-made property governed by State law

Goods, wares, and merchandise produced or mined in a penal institution or by a prisoner not on parole, supervised release, or probation and transported into and used, sold, or stored in a State or territory or possession of the United States, is subject to the laws of that State, territory, or possession. This section does not apply to commodities produced in a penal institution of the United States Government for its use.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1449; Pub. L. 98–473, title II, §233, Oct. 12, 1984, 98 Stat. 2031.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
11507 49:60. Jan. 19, 1929, ch. 79, §§1, 2, 45 Stat. 1084.

The words "or in part" are omitted as surplus. The words "Five years after January 19, 1929" are omitted as executed. The words "produced or mined" are substituted for "manufactured, produced, or mined" to eliminate redundancy. The word "prisoner" is substituted for "convicts or prisoners" to eliminate redundancy. The words "not on parole or probation" are substituted for "except . . . on parole or probation" for clarity. The words "penal institution" are substituted for "penal and/or reformatory institutions" and "penal and correctional institutions" to eliminate redundancy. The words "to the operation and effect of" are omitted as surplus. The word "used" is substituted for "use, consumption" to eliminate redundancy. The words "transported into" are substituted for "transported . . . and . . . shall upon arrival and delivery" for clarity and consistency in view of the definition of "transportation" in section 10102 of the revised title. The words "This section does not apply to commodities produced" are substituted for "except commodities manufactured in" for clarity. The words "United States Government" are substituted for "Federal" and "Federal Government" for clarity. The words "to the same extent and in the same manner as though such goods, wares, and merchandise had been manufactured, produced, or mined in such State or Territory, and shall not be exempt therefrom by reason of being introduced in the original package or otherwise" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement.

Amendments

1984Pub. L. 98–473 inserted ", supervised release," after "parole".

Effective Date of 1984 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 98–473 effective Nov. 1, 1987, and applicable only to offenses committed after the taking effect of such amendment, see section 235(a)(1) of Pub. L. 98–473, set out as an Effective Date note under section 3551 of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure.

CHAPTER 117—ENFORCEMENT: INVESTIGATIONS, RIGHTS, AND REMEDIES

Sec.
11701.
General authority.
11702.
Enforcement by the Interstate Commerce Commission.
11703.
Enforcement by the Attorney General.
11704.
Action by a private person to enjoin abandonment of service.
11705.
Rights and remedies of persons injured by certain carriers.
11706.
Limitation on actions by and against common carriers.
11707.
Liability of common carriers under receipts and bills of lading.
11708.
Private enforcement: motor carrier and household goods freight forwarder licensing.
11709.
Liability for issuance of securities by certain carriers.
11710.
Liability when property is delivered in violation of routing instructions.
11711.
Dispute settlement program for household goods carriers.
11712.
Tariff reconciliation rules for motor common carriers of property.

        

Amendments

1993Pub. L. 103–180, §4(b), Dec. 3, 1993, 107 Stat. 2050, added item 11712.

1986Pub. L. 99–521, §12(e)(3), Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2998, inserted "household goods" before "freight forwarder" in item 11708.

1980Pub. L. 96–454, §7(a)(2), Oct. 15, 1980, 94 Stat. 2019, added item 11711.

§11701. General authority

(a) The Interstate Commerce Commission may begin an investigation under this subtitle on its own initiative or on complaint. If the Commission finds that a carrier, broker or freight forwarder is violating this subtitle, the Commission shall take appropriate action to compel compliance with this subtitle. If the Commission finds that a foreign motor carrier or foreign motor private carrier is violating section 10530 of this title, the Commission shall take appropriate action to compel compliance with such section. The Commission may take that action only after giving the carrier, broker or freight forwarder notice of the investigation and an opportunity for a proceeding.

(b) A person, including a governmental authority, may file with the Commission a complaint about a violation of this subtitle by a carrier providing, or broker for, transportation or service subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under this subtitle or a foreign motor carrier or foreign motor private carrier providing transportation under a certificate of registration issued under section 10530 of this title, or freight forwarder. The complaint must state the facts that are the subject of the violation and, if it is against a water carrier, must be made under oath. The Commission may dismiss a complaint it determines does not state reasonable grounds for investigation and action. However, the Commission may not dismiss a complaint made against a common carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter I of chapter 105 of this title because of the absence of direct damage to the complainant.

(c) A formal investigative proceeding begun by the Commission under subsection (a) of this section is dismissed automatically unless it is concluded by the Commission with administrative finality by the end of the 3d year after the date on which it was begun.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1449; Pub. L. 96–296, §26(a), July 1, 1980, 94 Stat. 818; Pub. L. 98–554, title II, §226(c)(4), Oct. 30, 1984, 98 Stat. 2851; Pub. L. 99–521, §12(a), Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2998; Pub. L. 100–690, title IX, §9111(i), Nov. 18, 1988, 102 Stat. 4534; Pub. L. 103–272, §5(m)(34), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1378.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Pub. L. 95–473
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
11701(a) 49:5(8) (less last sentence), (10). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, §5(8) (less last sentence), (10), 24 Stat. 380; Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §407, 41 Stat. 480; June 16, 1933, ch. 91, §202, 48 Stat. 218; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543; restated Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §7, 54 Stat. 908; Feb. 5, 1976, Pub. L. 94–210, §403(a), (b)(4), (5), 90 Stat. 63, 65.
  49:13(1) (1st sentence less words before semicolon, and last sentence), (2) (1st and 2d sentences). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, §13(1), (2) (less last sentence), 24 Stat. 383; restated June 18, 1910, ch. 309, §11, 36 Stat. 550; Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §416, 41 Stat. 484; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543.
  49:304(c) (1st sentence words after 5th comma, 2d sentence). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §204(c); added Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 547; Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §20(b)(3), 54 Stat. 922.
  49:904(e) (1st sentence words after 2d comma), 915(b). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §§304(e), 315(b); added Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §201, 54 Stat. 934, 946.
  49:1003(f) (1st sentence), 1006(a) (last sentence). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §§403(f), 406(a); added May 16, 1942, ch. 318, §1, 56 Stat. 286, 288.
  49:1011(d), (f). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §411(d), (f); added May 16, 1942, ch. 318, §1, 56 Stat. 294.
11701(b) 49:13(1) (1st sentence words before semicolon), (2) (less 1st, 2d, and last sentences).  49:304(c) (less 1st sentence words after 5th comma and 2d sentence).
  49:316(e) (less 2d sentence). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §216(e) (less 2d sentence); added Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 558.
  49:904(e) (less 1st sentence words after 2d comma).
  49:907(a). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §307(a); added Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §201, 54 Stat. 937.
  49:1003(f) (less 1st sentence), 1006(a) (less last sentence).
11701(c) 49:17(14)(a). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §17(14)(a); added Feb. 5, 1976, Pub. L. 94–210, §303(b), 90 Stat. 50.

The section consolidates and restates the source provisions for clarity.

Subsection (a) is patterned after 49:1003(f) (1st sentence) and 1006(a) (last sentence) for clarity. The words "an investigation under this subtitle" are substituted for "investigate . . . whether any freight forwarder has failed to comply with any provision of this chapter or with any order, rule, regulation, or requirement issued or established pursuant thereto" as being more inclusive and appropriate in view of the power to "compel compliance" in 49:1003(f) and restated in this subsection. The words "after giving the carrier . . . notice of the investigation and an opportunity for a proceeding" are substituted for "after notice and hearing" in 49:1003(f) and "If such freight forwarder shall not satisfy the complaint within a time specified by the Commission" in 49:1006(a) for clarity and to conform to other sections of the revised title. The words "it shall be the duty of the Commission to investigate the matters complained of in such manner and by such means as it shall deem proper" are omitted as unnecessary in view of section 10321(a) of the revised title requiring the Commission to carry out the revised subtitle. The words "or there shall be any reasonable ground for investigating said complaint" are omitted as surplus in view of subsection (b). The text of 49:5(8) (less last sentence), (10) and 1011(d), (f) are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement of the general investigatory and enforcement power of the Commission. The 2d sentence of 49:13(1) is omitted as surplus.

In subsection (b), the word "person" is substituted for "person, firm, corporation, company, or association, or any mercantile, agricultural, or manufacturing society or other organization . . . or any common carrier" in view of the definition of "person" in section 10102 of the revised title. The words "governmental authority" are substituted for "State board" and "or any body politic or municipal organization" for consistency and as being more inclusive. The words "file . . . a complaint" are substituted for "may make complaint in writing" for consistency. The words "about a violation of this subtitle" are substituted for "of anything done or omitted to be done . . . in contravention of the provisions thereof" in 49:13(1) for clarity. The words "in violation of this section or of section 317 of this title" in 49:316(e) are omitted as surplus in view of the restatement of 49:304(c). The words "must state the facts" are substituted for "shall briefly state the facts" in 49:13(1) and for "state fully the facts" in 49:1006(a) for consistency and in view of the power of the Commission to prescribe regulations to carry out the revised subtitle in section 10321(a) of the revised title.

In subsection (c), the words "which is instituted by the Commission after February 5, 1976" are omitted as executed.

Pub. L. 96–258

The text of 49:5(10), shown as a source credit for section 11701(a) of title 49, was transferred by the amendment made to title 49 by section 1(11) of the bill [section 1(11) of Pub. L. 96–258]. As a result, 49:5(10) is the source provision for section 11351 of the revised title.

Amendments

1994—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 103–272 substituted "section 10530 of this title" for "section 10530 of this subtitle".

1988—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 100–690, §9111(i)(1), inserted "foreign motor carrier or foreign" before "motor private carrier".

Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 100–690, §9111(i)(2), substituted "foreign motor carrier or foreign motor private carrier" for "motor carrier or motor private carrier".

1986—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 99–521, §12(a)(1), substituted ", broker or freight forwarder" for "or broker" wherever appearing.

Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 99–521, §12(a)(2), inserted ", or freight forwarder" after "section 10530 of this title" in first sentence.

1984—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 98–554 inserted "If the Commission finds that a motor private carrier is violating section 10530 of this subtitle, the Commission shall take appropriate action to compel compliance with such section."

Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 98–554 inserted "or a motor carrier or motor private carrier providing transportation under a certificate of registration issued under section 10530 of this title" at end of first sentence.

1980—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 96–296 struck out "related to a rail carrier" after "subsection (a) of this section".

Effective Date of 1988 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 100–690 effective Jan. 1, 1990, see section 9111(k) of Pub. L. 100–690, set out as a note under section 10530 of this title.

Effective Date of 1986 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 99–521 effective 60 days after Oct. 22, 1986, see section 15 of Pub. L. 99–521, set out as a note under section 10102 of this title.

Effective Date of 1984 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 98–554 effective May 1, 1985, except as otherwise provided, see section 226(d) of Pub. L. 98–554, set out as an Effective Date note under section 10530 of this title.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in sections 10322, 10704, 10707a, 10708, 10925, 11104, 11705 of this title.

§11702. Enforcement by the Interstate Commerce Commission

(a) The Interstate Commerce Commission may bring a civil action—

(1) to enjoin a rail carrier from violating section 10901–10907 or 10933 of this title, or a regulation prescribed or certificate issued under any of those sections;

(2) to enforce section 10527 or 10930 or 11109 or 11111 or 11323 of this title, or subchapter III of chapter 113 of this title and to compel compliance with the order of the Commission under any of those sections and that subchapter;

(3) to enforce an order of the Commission, except a civil action to enforce an order for the payment of money, when it is violated by a carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter I of chapter 105 of this title;

(4) to enforce this subtitle (except a civil action under a provision of this subtitle governing the reasonableness and discriminatory character of rates), or a regulation or order of the Commission or a certificate or permit issued under this subtitle when violated by a motor carrier or broker providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II of chapter 105 of this title or by a foreign motor carrier or foreign motor private carrier providing transportation under a certificate of registration issued under section 10530 of this title;

(5) to enforce this subtitle (except a civil action under a provision of this subtitle governing the reasonableness and discriminatory character of rates), or a regulation or order of the Commission or a certificate or permit issued under this subtitle, except a civil action to enforce an order for the payment of money, when violated by a carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter III of chapter 105 of this title; and

(6) to enforce this subtitle, or a regulation or order of the Commission or permit issued under this subtitle when violated by a carrier providing service subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter IV of chapter 105 of this title.


(b) In a civil action under subsection (a)(4) of this section—

(1) trial is in the judicial district in which the motor carrier, foreign motor carrier (as defined under section 10530(a)), foreign motor private carrier (as defined under section 10530(a)), or broker operates;

(2) process may be served without regard to the territorial limits of the district or of the State in which the action is instituted; and

(3) a person participating with a carrier or broker in a violation may be joined in the civil action without regard to the residence of the person.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1450; Pub. L. 96–296, §§15(c), 16(c), July 1, 1980, 94 Stat. 809, 810; Pub. L. 97–261, §25(e), Sept. 20, 1982, 96 Stat. 1125; Pub. L. 98–554, title II, §226(c)(5), Oct. 30, 1984, 98 Stat. 2851; Pub. L. 100–690, title IX, §9111(j), Nov. 18, 1988, 102 Stat. 4534.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
11702(a)(1) 49:1(18)(e) (related to Commission action). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §1(18)(e) (related to Commission action); added Feb. 5, 1976, Pub. L. 94–210, §801(a), 90 Stat. 126.
  49:1a(9) (related to Commission action). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §1a(9) (related to Commission action); added Feb. 5, 1976, Pub. L. 94–210, §802, 90 Stat. 130.
  49:1010(i) (related to Commission action). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §410(i) (related to Commission action); added May 16, 1942, ch. 318, §1, 56 Stat. 293.
11702(a)(2) 49:5(9). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §5(9); added June 16, 1933, ch. 91, §202, 48 Stat. 219; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543; restated Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §7, 54 Stat. 908; Feb. 5, 1976, Pub. L. 94–210, §403(a), 90 Stat. 63.
  49:1011(e). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §411(e); added May 16, 1942, ch. 318, §1, 56 Stat. 294.
11702(a)(3) 49:16(12) (related to Commission action). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §16(12) (related to action by the Commission); added June 18, 1910, ch. 309, §13, 36 Stat. 535; Oct. 22, 1913, ch. 32, §1, 38 Stat. 219; Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §429, 41 Stat. 492; Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §11(a)(6), 54 Stat. 912.
11702(a)(4) 49:322(b)(1) (less last 18 words of 1st sentence, 2d sentence, and last sentence). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §222(b)(1); added Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 564; restated Sept. 6, 1965, Pub. L. 89–170, §4, 79 Stat. 649.
11702(a)(5) 49:916(b) (related to Commission action). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §316(b) (related to Commission action); added Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §201, 54 Stat. 946.
11702(a)(6) 49:1017(b)(1) (related to Commission action). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §417(b) (related to Commission action); added May 16, 1942, ch. 318, §1, 56 Stat. 297; Aug. 7, 1942, ch. 552, §2, 56 Stat. 746; Sept. 6, 1965, Pub. L. 89–170, §5, 79 Stat. 650.
11702(b) 49:322(b)(1) (1st sentence last 18 words, 2d sentence, last sentence).

In the section, the words "The district courts of the United States shall have jurisdiction" in 49:5(9) and similar words in the source provisions are omitted as unnecessary in view of sections 1336 and 1337 of title 28. The words "civil action" are added in view of rule 2 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure (28 U.S.C. app.).

In subsection (a), the word "lawful" in 49:322(b)(1) is omitted as surplus. The word "regulation" is substituted for "rule" and "regulation" when referring to the Commission for consistency. The word "order" is substituted for "order" and "requirement" as being more inclusive. The words "term" and "condition" are omitted as surplus.

In subsection (a)(2), the word "enforce" is substituted for "to issue such writs of injunction or other proper process, mandatory or otherwise, as may be necessary to restrain such person" in 49:5(9), "by writ of injunction or by other process, mandatory or otherwise" in 49:322(b)(1), 916(b), and 1017(b)(1), and "to issue such writs of injunction or other proper process, mandatory or otherwise" in 49:1011(e) in view of rule 81(b) of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure (28 U.S.C. app.).

In subsection (a)(3), the last sentence of 49:16(12) is omitted as surplus in view of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure (28 U.S.C. app.) and section 2321(c) of title 28.

In subsection (b), the word "trial" is added for clarity.

Amendments

1988—Subsec. (a)(4). Pub. L. 100–690, §9111(j)(1), substituted "foreign motor carrier or foreign motor private carrier" for "motor carrier or motor private carrier".

Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 100–690, §9111(j)(2), substituted ", foreign motor carrier (as defined under section 10530(a)), foreign motor private carrier (as defined under section 10530(a)), or broker" for "or broker".

1984—Subsec. (a)(4). Pub. L. 98–554 inserted "or by a motor carrier or motor private carrier providing transportation under a certificate of registration issued under section 10530 of this title" before the semicolon at end.

1982—Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 97–261, §25(e), inserted "or 11111" after "11109".

1980—Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 96–296 substituted "10527 or 10930 or 11109" for "10930".

Effective Date of 1988 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 100–690 effective Jan. 1, 1990, see section 9111(k) of Pub. L. 100–690, set out as a note under section 10530 of this title.

Effective Date of 1984 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 98–554 effective May 1, 1985, except as otherwise provided, see section 226(d) of Pub. L. 98–554, set out as an Effective Date note under section 10530 of this title.

Effective Date of 1982 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 97–261 effective on 60th day after Sept. 20, 1982, see section 31(a) of Pub. L. 97–261, set out as a note under section 10101 of this title.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in section 11126 of this title.

§11703. Enforcement by the Attorney General

(a) The Attorney General may, and on request of the Interstate Commerce Commission shall, bring court proceedings to enforce this subtitle or a regulation or order of the Commission or certificate or permit issued under this subtitle and to prosecute a person violating this subtitle or a regulation or order of the Commission or certificate or permit issued under this subtitle.

(b) The United States Government may bring a civil action on behalf of a person to compel a common carrier providing transportation or service subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under chapter 105 of this title to provide that transportation or service to that person in compliance with this subtitle at the same rate charged, or on conditions as favorable as those given by the carrier, for like traffic under similar conditions to another person.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1450.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
11703(a) 49:1(18)(e) (related to action by the Attorney General). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §1(18)(e) (related to action by the Attorney General); added Feb. 5, 1976, Pub. L. 94–210, §801(a), 90 Stat. 126.
  49:1a(9) (related to action by the Attorney General). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §1a(9) (related to action by the Attorney General); added Feb. 5, 1976, Pub. L. 94–210, §802, 90 Stat. 130.
  49:12(1)(a) (last sentence less words before 1st semicolon and after last semicolon). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §12(1)(a) (last sentence less words before 1st semicolon and after last semicolon); added Mar. 2, 1889, ch. 382, §3, 25 Stat. 858; restated Feb. 10, 1891, ch. 128, §1, 26 Stat. 743; Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §415, 41 Stat. 484; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543; Feb. 5, 1976, Pub. L. 94–210, §207, 90 Stat. 42.
  49:16(12) (related to action by the Attorney General). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §16(12) (related to action by the Attorney General); added June 18, 1910, ch. 309, §13, 36 Stat. 554; Oct. 22, 1913, ch. 32, §1, 38 Stat. 219; Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §429, 41 Stat. 492; Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §11(a)(6), 54 Stat. 912.
  49:19a(l). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §19a(l); added Mar. 1, 1913, ch. 92, §1, 37 Stat. 703; Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §433, 41 Stat. 493.
  49:20(9). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §20(9); added June 29, 1906, ch. 3591, §7, 34 Stat. 594; Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §436, 41 Stat. 496; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543.
  49:43. Feb. 19, 1903, ch. 708, §3, 32 Stat. 848; Mar. 3, 1911, ch. 231, §291, 36 Stat. 1167; June 25, 1948, ch. 646, §1, 62 Stat. 909; Oct. 15, 1970, Pub. L. 91–452, §244, 84 Stat. 931; Dec. 21, 1974, Pub. L. 93–528, §6(b), 88 Stat. 1709.
  49:916(a), (b) (related to action of the Attorney General). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §316(a), (b) (related to action of the Attorney General); added Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §201, 54 Stat. 946; Oct. 15, 1970, Pub. L. 91–452, §243(b), 84 Stat. 931.
  49:1010(i) (related to enforcement by United States). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §410(i) (related to enforcement by United States); added May 16, 1942, ch. 318, §1, 56 Stat. 293.
  49:1017(a), (b)(1) (related to action of the Attorney General). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §417(a), (b)(1) (related to action of the Attorney General); added May 16, 1942, ch. 318, §1, 56 Stat. 297; Oct. 15, 1970, Pub. L. 91–452, §243(c), 84 Stat. 931.
  49:1021 (less (a)–(f)). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §421 (less (a)–(f)); added May 16, 1942, ch. 318, §1, 56 Stat. 299.
11703(b) 49:23. Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, §23, 24 Stat. 379; Mar. 2, 1889, ch. 382, §10, 25 Stat. 862; Mar. 3, 1911, ch. 231, §291, 36 Stat. 1167; May 16, 1942, ch. 318, §5, 56 Stat. 301.

In subsection (a), the words "Attorney General" are substituted for "United States attorney" to conform to title 28. See the Act of June 25, 1948, ch. 646, §1, 62 Stat. 909. The section is made applicable to 49: ch. 8 since a violation of that chapter would give the Attorney General the duty to act under title 28, and in view of 49:20(9) and 43. In view of the restatement of the source provisions, conforming amendments are made to sections 2321 and 2323 of title 28 in section 2(a) of the bill. The 25 words before the last semicolon in 49:12(1)(a) (last sentence) are omitted as obsolete.

In subsection (b), the words "The district courts of the United States shall have jurisdiction" are omitted as surplus in view of sections 1336 and 1337 of title 28. The word "person" is substituted for "person or persons, firm, or corporation" in view of the definition of "person" in section 10102 of the revised title. The words "alleging such violation by a common carrier" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement. The words "of any of the provisions of the act to which this is a supplement and all acts amendatory thereof" are omitted as surplus. The words "interstate traffic" are omitted in view of chapter 105 of this revised subtitle. The words "to compel" are substituted for "to issue a writ or writs of mandamus against . . . commanding . . . to move and transport the traffic" in view of the restatement and rule 81(b) of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure (28 U.S.C. app.). The words "to furnish cars or other facilities for transportation" are omitted in view of the definition of "transportation" in section 10102 of the revised title. The first proviso is omitted as unnecessary in view of rule 65(c) of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure (28 U.S.C. app.). The last proviso is omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in section 11126 of this title.

§11704. Action by a private person to enjoin abandonment of service

An interested person may bring a civil action to enjoin an abandonment of service in violation of section 10933 of this title or a certificate issued under that section.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1451.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
11704 49:1010(i) (related to private enforcement). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §410(i) (related to private enforcement); added May 16, 1942, ch. 318, §1, 56 Stat. 293.

The words "by any court of competent jurisdiction" are omitted as unnecessary in view of sections 1336(a) and 1337 of title 28.

Federal Rules of Civil Procedure

Judgments and costs, see rule 54, Title 28, Appendix, Judiciary and Judicial Procedure.

§11705. Rights and remedies of persons injured by certain carriers

(a) A person injured because a carrier providing transportation or service subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under chapter 105 of this title or a freight forwarder does not obey an order of the Commission, except an order for the payment of money, may bring a civil action to enforce that order under this subsection.

(b)(1) A common carrier providing transportation or service subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under chapter 105 of this title or a freight forwarder is liable to a person for amounts charged that exceed the applicable rate for transportation or service contained in a tariff filed under subchapter IV of chapter 107 of this title or the applicable freight forwarder rate, as the case may be.

(2) A common carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter I or III of chapter 105 of this title is liable for damages sustained by a person as a result of an act or omission of that carrier in violation of this subtitle.

(3) A common carrier providing transportation or service subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II or IV of chapter 105 of this title or a freight forwarder is liable for damages resulting from the imposition of rates for transportation or service the Commission finds to be in violation of this subtitle.

(c)(1) A person may file a complaint with the Commission under section 11701(b) of this title or bring a civil action under subsection (b) (1) or (2) of this section to enforce liability against a common carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter I or III of chapter 105 of this title. A person may begin a proceeding under section 10704 or 10705 of this title to enforce liability under subsection (b)(3) of this section by filing a complaint with the Commission under section 11701(b) of this title.

(2) When the Commission makes an award under subsection (b) of this section, the Commission shall order the carrier to pay the amount awarded by a specific date. The Commission may order a carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter I or III of chapter 105 of this title to pay damages only when the proceeding is on complaint. The person for whose benefit an order of the Commission requiring the payment of money is made may bring a civil action to enforce that order under this paragraph if the carrier does not pay the amount awarded by the date payment was ordered to be made.

(d)(1) When a person begins a civil action under subsection (b) of this section to enforce an order of the Commission requiring the payment of damages by a common carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter I or III of chapter 105 of this title, the text of the order of the Commission must be included in the complaint. In addition to the district courts of the United States, a State court of general jurisdiction having jurisdiction of the parties has jurisdiction to enforce an order under this paragraph. The findings and order of the Commission are competent evidence of the facts stated in them. Trial in a civil action brought in a district court of the United States under this paragraph is in the judicial district (A) in which the plaintiff resides, (B) in which the principal operating office of the carrier is located, (C) if a rail carrier, through which the railroad line of that carrier runs, or (D) if a water carrier, in which a port of call on a route operated by that carrier is located. In a civil action under this paragraph, the plaintiff is liable for only those costs that accrue on an appeal taken by the plaintiff.

(2) All parties in whose favor the award was made may be joined as plaintiffs in a civil action brought in a district court of the United States under this subsection and all the carriers that are parties to the order awarding damages may be joined as defendants. Trial in the action is in the judicial district in which any one of the plaintiffs could bring the action against any one of the defendants. Process may be served on a defendant at its principal operating office when that defendant is not in the district in which the action is brought. A judgment ordering recovery may be made in favor of any of those plaintiffs against the defendant found to be liable to that plaintiff.

(3) The district court shall award a reasonable attorney's fee as a part of the damages for which a carrier is found liable under this subsection. The district court shall tax and collect that fee as a part of the costs of the action.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1451; Pub. L. 99–521, §12(b), Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2998.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
11705(a) 49:16(12) (related to action by private person). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §16(12) (related to action by private person); added June 18, 1910, ch. 309, §13, 36 Stat. 535; Oct. 22, 1913, ch. 32, §1, 38 Stat. 219; Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §429, 41 Stat. 492; Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §11(a)(6), 54 Stat. 912.
  49:305(g) (less proviso). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §205(g) (less proviso); added Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 550; Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §20(c)(2), 54 Stat. 922.
  49:916(b) (related to action by private person). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §316(b) (related to action by private person); added Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §201, 54 Stat. 946.
  49:1017(b)(1) (related to action by private person). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §417(b)(1) (related to action by private person); added May 16, 1942, ch. 318, §1, 56 Stat. 297; Aug. 7, 1942, ch. 552, §2, 56 Stat. 746; Sept. 6, 1965, Pub. L. 89–170, §5, 79 Stat. 650.
11705(b)(1) 49:16(3)(c), (g). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §16(3)(c), (g); added June 29, 1906, ch. 3591, §5, 34 Stat. 590; June 18, 1910, ch. 309, §13, 36 Stat. 554; Mar. 3, 1911, ch. 231, §291, 36 Stat. 1167; Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §424, 41 Stat. 491; restated June 7, 1924, ch. 325, §1, 43 Stat. 633; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543; Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §11(a)(2)–(5), 54 Stat. 912; Aug. 26, 1958, Pub. L. 85–762, §1(1), (2), 72 Stat. 859.
  49:304a(6). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §204a(5), (6); added June 29, 1949, ch. 272, §1, 63 Stat. 280; Aug. 26, 1958, Pub. L. 85–762, §1(3), (4), 72 Stat. 860; Sept. 6, 1965, Pub. L. 89–170, §6(b), 79 Stat. 651.
  49:908(f)(4). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §308(f)(4); added Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §201, 54 Stat. 941; June 29, 1949, ch. 272, §§3(a), 4, 63 Stat. 281; Aug. 26, 1958, Pub. L. 85–762, §1(5), (6), 72 Stat. 860.
  49:1006a(6). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §406a(5), (6); added June 29, 1949, ch. 272, §5, 63 Stat. 282; Sept. 6, 1965, Pub. L. 89–170, §7, 79 Stat. 651.
11705(b)(2) 49:8 (less words after 9th comma). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, §8, 24 Stat. 382; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543.
  49:908(a), (b) (less words after 9th comma). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §308(a)–(e), (g); added Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §201, 54 Stat. 940; June 29, 1949, ch. 272, §§2, 3, 63 Stat. 281.
11705(b)(3) 49:304a(5) (less words between 1st and 2d commas).

49:1006a(5) (less words between 1st and 2d commas).

11705(c)(1) 49:9. Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, §9, 24 Stat. 382; Mar. 3, 1911, ch. 231, §291, 36 Stat. 1167; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543; Oct. 15, 1970, Pub. L. 91–452, §243(a), 84 Stat. 931.
  49:304a(5) (words between 1st and 2d commas).

49:908(c).

49:1006a(5) (words between 1st and 2d commas).

11705(c)(2) 49:16(1), (2) (1st sentence related to bringing civil action). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, §16(1), (2), 24 Stat. 384; Mar. 2, 1889, ch. 382, §5, 25 Stat. 859; June 29, 1906, ch. 3591, §5, 34 Stat. 590; restated June 18, 1910, ch. 309, §13, 36 Stat. 554; Mar. 3, 1911, ch. 231, §291, 36 Stat. 1167; Oct. 22, 1913, ch. 32, §1, 38 Stat. 219; Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §§423, 424, 429, 41 Stat. 491, 492; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543; Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §11(a)(1), 54 Stat. 912.
  49:305(g) (less proviso).

49:908(d), (e) (1st sentence related to bringing action).

  49:1017(a). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §417(a); added May 16, 1942, ch. 318, §1, 56 Stat. 297; Oct. 15, 1970, Pub. L. 91–452, §243(c), 84 Stat. 931.
11705(d)(1) 49:16(2) (less 1st sentence related to bringing action and less last sentence).
  49:908(e) (less 1st sentence related to bringing action and less last sentence).
11705(d)(2) 49:16(4). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §16(4); added June 29, 1906, ch. 3591, §5, 34 Stat. 590; restated June 18, 1910, ch. 309, §13, 36 Stat. 554; Mar. 3, 1911, ch. 231, §291, 36 Stat. 1167; Oct. 22, 1913, ch. 32, §1, 38 Stat. 219; Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §425, 41 Stat. 492; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543.
11705(d)(3) 49:908(g).
  49:8 (words after 9th comma).
  49:16(2) (last sentence).
  49:908(b) (words after 9th comma), (e) (last sentence).

The section restates and consolidates the source provisions for clarity. The text of 49:305(g) (less proviso) is omitted as unnecessary.

In subsection (a), the word "person" is substituted for "party" for clarity. The words "while the same is in effect" in 49:16(12) are omitted as surplus. Changes made to conform to section 11702 of the revised title are explained in the reviser's notes to that section.

Subsection (b)(1) is derived from the source provisions and is stated separately for clarity.

In subsection (b)(2), the words "an act or omission of that carrier in violation of this subtitle" are substituted for "shall do, cause to be done, or permit to be done any act, matter, or thing in this chapter prohibited or declared to be unlawful, or shall omit to do any act, matter, or thing in this chapter required to be done" for clarity. The words "full amount" are omitted as surplus. The words "as a result" are substituted for "in consequence of" for clarity. The words "of any such violation of the provisions of this chapter" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement. The text of 49:908(a) is omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement.

In subsection (b)(3), the definition of "reparations" is omitted as unnecessary. The word "damages" is substituted for "reparations" for clarity. The words "to be in violation of this subtitle" are substituted for "to have been unjust and unreasonable, or unjustly discriminatory or unduly preferential or unduly prejudicial" for clarity in view of the restatement. See the revision note to section 10101 of the revised title.

In subsection (c)(1), the words "claiming to be damaged" are omitted as surplus. The words "under section 11701(b) of this title" are substituted for "as hereinafter provided for" as being more precise. The words "civil action" are substituted for "suit" in view of rule 2 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure (28 U.S.C. app.). The words "in his or their own behalf" are omitted as surplus. The words "in any district court of the United States of competent jurisdiction" are omitted as unnecessary in view of section 1337 of title 28. The words "and must in each case elect which one of the two methods of procedure herein provided for he or they will adopt" in 49:9 are omitted as surplus. The last sentence of 49:9 is omitted as unnecessary in view of title 28. The words "a proceeding under section 10704 or 10705" are substituted for "as provided in section 316(e)" for clarity.

In subsection (c)(2), the words "after hearing on complaint" in 49:16(1) are omitted as unnecessary in view of subchapter II of chapter 5 of title 5. The words "When the Commission makes an award under subsection (b) of this section, the Commission shall order the carrier to pay the amount awarded" are inserted for clarity. The words "by a specific date" and "by the date payment was ordered to be made" are substituted for "on or before a day named" for clarity. The words "may bring a civil action" are substituted for "may file . . . a complaint setting forth briefly the causes for which he claims damages" in view of rule 2 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure (28 U.S.C. app.).

In subsection (d)(2), the words "Trial in the action is in the judicial district" are added for clarity. The words "Such suit in the district court of the United States shall proceed in all respects like other civil suits for damages" are omitted as surplus. The words "except that on the trial of such suit the findings and order of the Commission shall be prima facie evidence of the facts therein stated" are omitted as unnecessary in view of section 10310(a) of the revised title in which 49:14 is restated.

Amendments

1986—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 99–521, §12(b)(1), inserted "or a freight forwarder" after "chapter 105 of this title".

Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 99–521, §12(b)(2), inserted "or a freight forwarder" after "chapter 105 of this title" and inserted "or the applicable freight forwarder rate, as the case may be" after "chapter 107 of this title".

Subsec. (b)(3). Pub. L. 99–521, §12(b)(3), inserted "or a freight forwarder" after "chapter 105 of this title".

Effective Date of 1986 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 99–521 effective 60 days after Oct. 22, 1986, see section 15 of Pub. L. 99–521, set out as a note under section 10102 of this title.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in section 11706 of this title.

§11706. Limitation on actions by and against common carriers

(a) A common carrier providing transportation or service subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under chapter 105 of this title or a freight forwarder must begin a civil action to recover charges for transportation or service provided by the carrier or freight forwarder within 3 years after the claim accrues; except that a motor carrier (other than a motor carrier providing transportation of household goods) or freight forwarder (other than a household goods freight forwarder)—

(1) must begin such a civil action within 2 years after the claim accrues if the transportation or service is provided by the carrier in the 1-year period beginning on the date of the enactment of the Negotiated Rates Act of 1993; and

(2) must begin such a civil action within 18 months after the claim accrues if the transportation or service is provided by the carrier after the last day of such 1-year period.


(b) A person must begin a civil action to recover overcharges under section 11705(b)(1) of this title within 3 years after the claim accrues; except that a person must begin a civil action to recover overcharges from a motor carrier subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II of chapter 105 of this title for transportation or service—

(1) within 2 years after the claim accrues if such transportation or service is provided in the 1-year period beginning on the date of the enactment of the Negotiated Rate Act of 1993; and

(2) within 18 months after the claim accrues if such transportation or service is provided after the last day of such 1-year period.


If the claim is against a common carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter I or III of chapter 105 of this title and an election to file a complaint with the Commission is made under section 11705(c)(1), the complaint must be filed within 3 years after the claim accrues.

(c)(1) A person must file a complaint with the Commission to recover damages under section 11705(b)(2) of this title within 2 years after the claim accrues.

(2) A person must begin a civil action to recover damages under section 11705(b)(3) of this title within 2 years after the claim accrues.

(d) The limitation periods under subsection (b) of this section are extended for 6 months from the time written notice is given to the claimant by the carrier of disallowance of any part of the claim specified in the notice if a written claim is given to the carrier within those limitation periods. The limitation periods under subsection (b) of this section and the 2-year period under subsection (c)(1) of this section are extended for 90 days from the time the carrier begins a civil action under subsection (a) of this section to recover charges related to the same transportation or service, or collects (without beginning a civil action under that subsection) the charge for that transportation or service if that action is begun or collection is made within the appropriate period.

(e) A person must begin a civil action to enforce an order of the Commission against a carrier for the payment of money within one year after the date the order required the money to be paid.

(f) This section applies to transportation for the United States Government. The time limitations under this section are extended, as related to transportation for or on behalf of the United States Government, for 3 years from the date of (1) payment of the rate for the transportation or service involved, (2) subsequent refund for over-payment of that rate, or (3) deduction made under section 3726 of title 31, whichever is later.

(g) A claim related to a shipment of property accrues under this section on delivery or tender of delivery by the carrier.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1452; Pub. L. 97–258, §3(n), Sept. 13, 1982, 96 Stat. 1066; Pub. L. 99–521, §12(c), Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2998; Pub. L. 103–180, §3, Dec. 3, 1993, 107 Stat. 2049; Pub. L. 103–429, §6(18), Oct. 31, 1994, 108 Stat. 4379.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Pub. L. 95–473
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
11706(a) 49:16(3)(a). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §16(3) (less (c), (g), and (h)); added June 29, 1906, ch. 3591, §5, 34 Stat. 590; June 18, 1910, ch. 309, §13, 36 Stat. 534; Mar. 3, 1911, ch. 231, §291, 36 Stat. 1167; Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §424, 41 Stat. 491; restated June 7, 1924, ch. 325, §1, 43 Stat. 633; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543; Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §11 (a)(2)–(5), 54 Stat. 912; Aug. 26, 1958, Pub. L. 85–762, §1 (1), (2), 72 Stat. 859.
  49:304a(1). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §204a (less (5), (6), and (7)); added June 29, 1949, ch. 272, §1, 63 Stat. 280; Aug. 26, 1958, Pub. L. 85–762, §1 (3), (4), 72 Stat. 860; Sept. 6, 1965, Pub. L. 89–170, §6, 79 Stat. 651.
  49:908(f)(1)(A). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §308(f) (less (4)); added Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §201, 54 Stat. 941; June 29, 1949, ch. 272, §§3(a), 4, 63 Stat. 281; Aug. 26, 1958, Pub. L. 85–762, §1 (5), (6), 72 Stat. 860.
  49:1006a(1). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §406a (less (5), (6), (7)); added June 29, 1949, ch. 272, §5, 63 Stat. 281; Aug. 26, 1958, Pub. L. 85–762, §1(7), (8), 72 Stat. 860; Sept. 6, 1965, Pub. L. 89–170, §7, 79 Stat. 651.
11706(b) 49:16(3)(c) (words before 3d comma).
  49:304a(2) (related to overcharges).
  49:908(f)(1)(C) (words before 3d comma).
  49:1006a(2) (related to overcharges).
11706(c)(1) 49:16(3)(b).

49:908(f)(1)(B).

11706(c)(2) 49:304a(2) (related to damages).

49:1006a(2) (related to damages).

11706(d) 49:16(3)(c) (less words before 3d comma), (d).
  49:304a(2) (words after 7th comma), (3).
  49:908(f)(1)(C) (less words before 3d comma), (D).
  49:1006a(2) (words after 7th comma), (3).
11706(e) 49:16(3)(f).
  49:305(g) (less proviso). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §205(g) (less proviso); added Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 550; Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §20(c)(2), 54 Stat. 922.
  49:908(f)(3).
11706(f) 49:16(3)(i).

49:304a(8).

49:908(f)(5).

49:1006a(8).

11706(g). 49:16(3)(e).

49:304a(4).

49:908(f)(2).

49:1006a(4).

In subsection (a), the words "common carrier" are used to refer to water carriers despite the word "carriers" in 49:908(f)(1) in view of the definition of "carrier" in 49:908(a). The words "must begin a civil action" are substituted for "All actions at law . . . shall be begun" for clarity in view of rule 2 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure (28 U.S.C. app.). The words "and not after" are omitted as surplus. The words "or any part thereof" are omitted as surplus.

In subsection (b), the words "action at law" and "and not after" are omitted as surplus. The words "subject to subdivision (d)" in 49:16(3)(c) and comparable words in the other source provisions are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement.

In subsection (c), the cross references are added for clarity.

In subsection (d), the words "of any part of the claim" are substituted for "of the claim, or any part or parts thereof" as being more precise.

In subsection (e), the words "within one year after the date the order required the money to be paid" are substituted for "within one year after the date the order" for clarity in view of Missouri Pacific Railroad Company v. Austin, 292 F.2d 415, 418, 419 (5th Cir. 1961). The words "and not after" are omitted as surplus.

In subsection (f), the words "The provisions of" are omitted as surplus. The word "all" is omitted as surplus. The word "applies" is substituted for "shall extend to and embrace" as being more appropriate. The words "of property or passengers" are omitted as included in "transportation". The words "in connection with any action brought before any court by or against carriers subject to this chapter" in 49:304a(8) and 1006a(8) are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement. The comparable words in 49:16(3)(i) and 908(f)(5) including the words "before the Commission or" are also omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement. The words "The time limitations under this section are extended" are substituted for "Provided, however, That with respect to such transportation of property or passengers for or on behalf of the United States, the periods of limitation herein provided shall be extended" for clarity in view of the restatement.

In subsection (g), the word "claim" is substituted for "cause of action" in view of rules 8 and 9 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure (28 U.S.C. app.). The word "accrues" is substituted for "deems to accrue" as being more precise. The words "and not after" are omitted as surplus.

Pub. L. 103–429

This amends 49:11706(d) to provide a grammatical correction necessary because of the amendment of 49:11706(d) by section 3(c)(1) of the Negotiated Rates Act of 1993 (Public Law 103–180, 107 Stat. 2049).

References in Text

The date of the enactment of the Negotiated Rates Act of 1993, referred to in subsecs. (a)(1) and (b)(1), is the date of enactment of Pub. L. 103–180, which was approved Dec. 3, 1993.

Amendments

1994—Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 103–429 substituted "those limitation periods" for "that limitation periods".

1993—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 103–180, §8(a), inserted before period at end "; except that a motor carrier (other than a motor carrier providing transportation of household goods) or freight forwarder (other than a household goods freight forwarder)—

"(1) must begin such a civil action within 2 years after the claim accrues if the transportation or service is provided by the carrier in the 1-year period beginning on the date of the enactment of the Negotiated Rates Act of 1993; and

"(2) must begin such a civil action within 18 months after the claim accrues if the transportation or service is provided by the carrier after the last day of such 1-year period".

Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 103–180, §3(b), struck out ". If that claim is against a common carrier" and inserted "; except that a person must begin a civil action to recover overcharges from a motor carrier subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II of chapter 105 of this title for transportation or service—

"(1) within 2 years after the claim accrues if such transportation or service is provided in the 1-year period beginning on the date of the enactment of the Negotiated Rate Act of 1993; and

"(2) within 18 months after the claim accrues if such transportation or service is provided after the last day of such 1-year period.

If the claim is against a common carrier".

Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 103–180, §3(c), substituted "limitation periods" for "3-year period" wherever appearing, substituted "are extended" for "is extended", and struck out "each" before "extended for 90 days".

1986—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 99–521 inserted "or a freight forwarder" after "of this title" and "or freight forwarder" after "by the carrier".

1982—Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 97–258 substituted "section 3726" for "section 244".

Effective Date of 1986 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 99–521 effective 60 days after Oct. 22, 1986, see section 15 of Pub. L. 99–521, set out as a note under section 10102 of this title.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in section 10744 of this title.

§11707. Liability of common carriers under receipts and bills of lading

(a)(1) A common carrier providing transportation or service subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under subchapter I, II, or IV of chapter 105 of this title and a freight forwarder shall issue a receipt or bill of lading for property it receives for transportation under this subtitle. That carrier or freight forwarder and any other common carrier that delivers the property and is providing transportation or service subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter I, II, or IV are liable to the person entitled to recover under the receipt or bill of lading. The liability imposed under this paragraph is for the actual loss or injury to the property caused by (1) the receiving carrier, (2) the delivering carrier, or (3) another carrier over whose line or route the property is transported in the United States or from a place in the United States to a place in an adjacent foreign country when transported under a through bill of lading and, except in the case of a freight forwarder, applies to property reconsigned or diverted under a tariff filed under subchapter IV of chapter 107 of this title. Failure to issue a receipt or bill of lading does not affect the liability of a carrier or freight forwarder. A delivering carrier is deemed to be the carrier performing the line-haul transportation nearest the destination but does not include a carrier providing only a switching service at the destination.

(2) A freight forwarder is both the receiving and delivering carrier. When a freight forwarder provides service and uses a motor common carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II of chapter 105 of this title to receive property from a consignor, the motor common carrier may execute the bill of lading or shipping receipt for the freight forwarder with its consent. With the consent of the freight forwarder, a motor common carrier may deliver property for a freight forwarder on the freight forwarder's bill of lading, freight bill, or shipping receipt to the consignee named in it, and receipt for the property may be made on the freight forwarder's delivery receipt.

(b) The carrier issuing the receipt or bill of lading under subsection (a) of this section or delivering the property for which the receipt or bill of lading was issued is entitled to recover from the carrier over whose line or route the loss or injury occurred the amount required to be paid to the owners of the property, as evidenced by a receipt, judgment, or transcript, and the amount of its expenses reasonably incurred in defending a civil action brought by that person.

(c)(1) A common carrier and freight forwarder may not limit or be exempt from liability imposed under subsection (a) of this section except as provided in this subsection. A limitation of liability or of the amount of recovery or representation or agreement in a receipt, bill of lading, contract, rule, or tariff filed with the Commission in violation of this section is void.

(2) If loss or injury to property occurs while it is in the custody of a water carrier, the liability of that carrier is determined by its bill of lading and the law applicable to water transportation. The liability of the initial or delivering carrier is the same as the liability of the water carrier.

(3) A common carrier of passengers may limit its liability under its passenger rate for loss or injury of baggage carried on passenger trains, boats, or motor vehicles, or on trains, or boats, or motor vehicles carrying passengers.

(4) A common carrier may limit its liability for loss or injury of property transported under section 10730 of this title.

(d)(1) A civil action under this section may be brought against a delivering carrier (other than a rail carrier) in a district court of the United States or in a State court. Trial, if the action is brought in a district court of the United States is in a judicial district, and if in a State court, is in a State, through which the defendant carrier operates a railroad or route.

(2)(A) A civil action under this section may only be brought—

(i) against the originating rail carrier, in the judicial district in which the point of origin is located;

(ii) against the delivering rail carrier, in the judicial district in which the principal place of business of the person bringing the action is located if the delivering carrier operates a railroad or a route through such judicial district, or in the judicial district in which the point of destination is located; and

(iii) against the carrier alleged to have caused the loss or damage, in the judicial district in which such loss or damage is alleged to have occurred.


(B) A civil action under this section may be brought in a United States district court or in a State court.

(C) In this section, "judicial district" means (i) in the case of a United States district court, a judicial district of the United States, and (ii) in the case of a State court, the applicable geographic area over which such court exercises jurisdiction.

(e) A carrier or freight forwarder may not provide by rule, contract, or otherwise, a period of less than 9 months for filing a claim against it under this section and a period of less than 2 years for bringing a civil action against it under this section. The period for bringing a civil action is computed from the date the carrier or freight forwarder gives a person written notice that the carrier or freight forwarder has disallowed any part of the claim specified in the notice. For the purposes of this subsection—

(1) an offer of compromise shall not constitute a disallowance of any part of the claim unless the carrier or freight forwarder, in writing, informs the claimant that such part of the claim is disallowed and provides reasons for such disallowance; and

(2) communications received from a carrier's or freight forwarder's insurer shall not constitute a disallowance of any part of the claim unless the insurer, in writing, informs the claimant that such part of the claim is disallowed, provides reasons for such disallowance, and informs the claimant that the insurer is acting on behalf of the carrier or freight forwarder.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1453; Pub. L. 96–258, §1(14), June 3, 1980, 94 Stat. 427; Pub. L. 96–296, §26(b), July 1, 1980, 94 Stat. 818; Pub. L. 96–448, title II, §211(c), Oct. 14, 1980, 94 Stat. 1911; Pub. L. 99–521, §12(d), Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2998; Pub. L. 100–690, title IX, §9114, Nov. 18, 1988, 102 Stat. 4535.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Pub. L. 95–473
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
11707(a)(1) 49:20(11) (1st sentence (less last 27 words before 1st semicolon and last 69 words before 1st proviso and less 1st and 2d provisos), 2d sentence 4th and last provisos). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §20(11) (less 1st sentence 2d proviso related to released value, 2d sentence less words before 2d proviso); added June 29, 1906, ch. 3591, §7, 34 Stat. 595; Mar. 4, 1915, ch. 176, §1, 38 Stat. 1196; Aug. 9, 1916, ch. 301, §1, 39 Stat. 441; Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §§436–438, 41 Stat. 494; July 3, 1926, ch. 761, §1, 44 Stat. 835; Mar. 4, 1927, ch. 510, §3, 44 Stat. 1448; restated Apr. 23, 1930, ch. 208, §1, 46 Stat. 251; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543; Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §13(b), 54 Stat. 919.
  49:319. Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §219; added Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 563; May 16, 1942, ch. 318, §3, 56 Stat. 300; restated Aug. 7, 1942, ch. 552, §1, 56 Stat. 746.
  49:1013 (1st sentence 1st cl.). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §413; added May 16, 1942, ch. 318, §1, 56 Stat. 295.
11707(a)(2) 49:1013 (less 1st sentence 1st cl.).
11707(b) 49:20(12). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §20(12); added June 29, 1906, ch. 3591, §7, 34 Stat. 595; Mar. 4, 1927, ch. 510, §3, 44 Stat. 1448; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543; restated June 3, 1948, ch. 386, 62 Stat. 295.
11707(c)(1) 49:20(11) (1st sentence last 27 words before 1st semicolon and last 69 words before 1st proviso).
11707(c)(2) 49:20(11) (1st sentence 1st proviso).
11707(c)(3), (4) 49:20(11) (1st sentence 2d proviso related to liability).

49:319.

11707(d) 49:20(11) (2d sentence 2d proviso).
11707(e) 49:20(11) (2d sentence 3d proviso).

In the section, the text of 49:319 and 1013 (1st sentence 1st clause) is omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement.

In subsection (a)(1), the words "providing transportation or service subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under subchapter I, II, or IV of chapter 105 of this title" are substituted for "subject to the provisions of this chapter . . . property for transportation from a point in one State or Territory or the District of Columbia to a point in another State, Territory, District of Columbia, or from any point in the United States to a point in an adjacent foreign country" in view of the grant of jurisdiction to the Commission over transportation in interstate commerce in chapter 105 of the revised title. The word "injury" is substituted for "damage, or injury" as being more inclusive. The word "line" is substituted for "line or lines" as being more appropriate because of section 1 of title 1. The words "Failure to issue a receipt or bill of lading does not affect the liability of a carrier" are substituted for "shall be liable . . . whether such receipt or bill of lading has been issued or not" for clarity. The word "full" is omitted as surplus. The last sentence of subsection (a)(1) is substituted for 49:20(11) (2d sentence 4th proviso) for clarity.

In subsection (a)(2), the words "shall be deemed" are omitted as unnecessary.

In subsection (c)(1), the words "or be exempt from" are added for clarity. The word "unlawful" is omitted as surplus.

Subsections (c)(3) and (4) are inserted for clarity and are substituted for "the provisions hereof respecting liability for full actual loss, damage, or injury, notwithstanding any limitation of liability or recovery or representation or agreement or release as to value, and declaring any such limitation to be unlawful and void, shall not apply" for clarity.

In subsection (c)(4), the words "under section 10730 of this title" are inserted for clarity.

In subsection (d) the word "Trial" is added for clarity.

In subsection (e), the words "A carrier may not provide . . . a period of less than" are substituted for "it shall be unlawful for any such receiving or delivering common carrier to provide . . . a shorter period" for clarity. The word "regulation" is omitted as surplus. The words "any part of the claim" are substituted for "the claim or any part or parts thereof" as being more inclusive.

Pub. L. 96–258

This amends section 11707(e) to make a technical change to conform to the source provision.

Amendments

1988—Subsec. (c)(1). Pub. L. 100–690, §9114(a), inserted "and freight forwarder" after "common carrier".

Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 100–690, §9114(b)(1), inserted "or freight forwarder" after "carrier" in five places.

Subsec. (e)(2). Pub. L. 100–690, §9114(b)(2), inserted "or freight forwarder's" after "carrier's".

1986—Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 99–521, §12(d)(1), inserted "and a freight forwarder" after "title" in first sentence, "or freight forwarder" after first reference to "carrier" in second sentence, ", except in the case of a freight forwarder," after "and" in third sentence, and "or freight forwarder" after "carrier" in fourth sentence.

Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 99–521, §12(d)(2), struck out "subject to this subtitle" after "When a freight forwarder provides service".

1980—Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 96–448 designated existing provision as par. (1), inserted "(other than a rail carrier)" after "delivering carrier", and added par. (2).

Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 96–296 inserted provision prohibiting an offer of compromise from constituting a disallowance of any part of a claim unless the carrier informs the claimant, in writing, that such part of the claim is disallowed and provides reasons for the disallowance and prohibiting communications received from the carrier's insurer from constituting a disallowance of any part of a claim unless the insurer informs the claimant, in writing, that such part of the claim is disallowed, the reasons for the disallowance, and that the insurer is acting on behalf of the carrier.

Pub. L. 96–258 substituted "the carrier gives a person written notice that the carrier" for "that person receives written notice from the carrier that it".

Effective Date of 1986 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 99–521 effective 60 days after Oct. 22, 1986, see section 15 of Pub. L. 99–521, set out as a note under section 10102 of this title.

Effective Date of 1980 Amendments

Amendment by Pub. L. 96–448 effective Oct. 1, 1980, see section 710(a) of Pub. L. 96–448, set out as a note under section 10101 of this title.

Amendment by Pub. L. 96–258 effective Oct. 17, 1978, see section 3(d) of Pub. L. 96–258, set out as a note under section 10525 of this title.

Independent Investigation by Attorney General and Interstate Commerce Commission as to Whether Rail Carriers Should Continue To Be Subject to This Section; Issues; Report to Congress

Section 211(d) of Pub. L. 96–448 provided for an investigation and report within one year of Oct. 1, 1980, by Attorney General and Interstate Commerce Commission respecting continuation of applicability of section 11707 of this title to rail carriers and set forth issues to be addressed by the report.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in section 10505 of this title; title 28 sections 1337, 1445.

§11708. Private enforcement: motor carrier and household goods freight forwarder licensing

(a) If a person provides transportation by motor vehicle or service of a household goods freight forwarder in clear violation of section 10921–10924, 10927, 10930–10932, or 11323 of this title, a person injured by the transportation or service may bring a civil action to enforce any such section. In a civil action under this subsection, trial is in the judicial district in which the person who violated that section operates.

(b) A copy of the complaint in a civil action under subsection (a) of this section shall be served on the Interstate Commerce Commission and a certificate of service must appear in the complaint filed with the court. The Commission may intervene in a civil action under subsection (a) of this section. The Commission may notify the district court in which the action is pending that it intends to consider the matter that is the subject of the complaint in a proceeding before the Commission. When that notice is filed, the court shall stay further action pending disposition of the proceeding before the Commission.

(c) In a civil action under subsection (a) of this section, the court may determine the amount of and award a reasonable attorney's fee to the prevailing party. That fee is in addition to costs allowable under the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1454; Pub. L. 99–521, §12(e)(1), (2), Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2998.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
11708(a) 49:322(b)(2) (1st and 2d sentences). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379 §222(b) (less (1)); added Sept. 6, 1965, Pub. L. 89–170, §4, 79 Stat. 649.
  49:1017(b)(2) (1st and 2d sentences). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §417(b) (less (1)); added Sept. 6, 1965, Pub. L. 89–170, §5, 79 Stat. 650.
11708(b) 49:322(b)(2) (less 1st, 2d, and last sentences), (3).
  49:1017(b)(2) (less 1st, 2d, and last sentences), (3).
11708(c) 49:322(b)(2) (last sentence).

49:1017(b)(2) (last sentence).

In subsection (a), the words "provides transportation . . . service" are substituted for "operates" for consistency. The words "and patent" are omitted to eliminate redundancy and as being obsolete. The words "or any rule, regulation, requirement, or order thereunder" are omitted as being included in the meaning of "section". The words "may bring a civil action" are substituted for "may apply" for clarity in view of rule 2 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure (28 U.S.C. app.). The words "to the district court of the United States" are omitted in view of sections 1336 and 1337 of title 28. The 2d sentences of 49:322(b)(2) and 1017(b)(2) are omitted as unnecessary in view of rule 81(b) of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure (28 U.S.C. app.). The words "In a civil action under this subsection, trial is in" are added for clarity. The words "as of right" are omitted as unnecessary.

In subsection (b), the word "complaint" is substituted for "application" in view of rule 3 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure (28 U.S.C. app.). The words "In any action brought under paragraph (2) of this subsection" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement.

In subsection (c), the words "the court may" are substituted for "in the discretion of the court" for clarity. The words "and the plaintiff instituting such action shall be required to give security, in such amount as the court deems proper, to protect the interests of the party or parties against whom any temporary restraining order, temporary injunctive, or other process is issued should it later be proven unwarranted by the facts and circumstances" are omitted as unnecessary in view of rule 65(c) of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure (28 U.S.C. app.).

References in Text

The Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, referred to in subsec. (c), are set out in the Appendix to Title 28, Judiciary and Judicial Procedure.

Amendments

1986Pub. L. 99–521 inserted "household goods" before "freight forwarder" in section catchline and in text of subsec. (a).

Effective Date of 1986 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 99–521 effective 60 days after Oct. 22, 1986, see section 15 of Pub. L. 99–521, set out as a note under section 10102 of this title.

§11709. Liability for issuance of securities by certain carriers

A carrier issuing a security or assuming an obligation or liability that is void under section 11301 of this title and its directors, officers, attorneys, and other agents who participate in authorizing, issuing, hypothecating, or selling that security, or in authorizing the assumption of that obligation or liability, are jointly and severally liable for the damages sustained by a person who acquires for value, in good faith, and without notice that the issue or assumption is void (1) that security, or (2) a security under which an assumption or liability is void. If a security void under that section is acquired directly from the carrier issuing it, the holder may rescind the transaction and recover the consideration given for the security when it is surrendered to that carrier.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1454.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
11709 49:20a(11) (2d and 3d sentences). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §20a(11) (2d and 3d sentences); added Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §439, 41 Stat. 496.

The words "is void under section 11301 of this title" are substituted for "so made void" for clarity. The words "A carrier issuing . . . and its directors . . . who participate . . . are jointly and severally liable" are substituted for "may . . . hold jointly and severally liable . . . the carrier which issued . . . and its directors" for clarity. The words "full amount" are omitted as surplus. The words "such person may in a suit or action in any court of competent jurisdiction" are omitted as surplus in view of sections 1336 and 1337 of title 28. The words "If a security void under that section" are substituted for "In case any security so made void" for clarity. The words "to that carrier" are added for clarity.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in section 11348 of this title.

§11710. Liability when property is delivered in violation of routing instructions

(a)(1) When a carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under subchapter I of chapter 105 of this title diverts or delivers property to another carrier in violation of routing instructions in the bill of lading, both of those carriers are jointly and severally liable to the carrier that was deprived of its right to participate in hauling that property for the total amount of the rate it would have received if it participated in hauling the property.

(2) A carrier is not liable under paragraph (1) of this subsection when it diverts or delivers property in compliance with an order or regulation of the Commission.

(3) A carrier to whom property is transported is not liable under this subsection if it shows that it had no notice of the routing instructions before transporting the property. The burden of proving lack of notice is on that carrier.

(b) The court shall award a reasonable attorney's fee to the plaintiff in a judgment against the defendant carrier under subsection (a) of this section. The court shall tax and collect that fee as a part of the costs of the action.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1455.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
11710 49:15(11). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §15(11); added Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §420, 41 Stat. 487; Feb. 5, 1976, Pub. L. 94–210, §202(c), 90 Stat. 35.

In subsection (a), the words "When a carrier . . . diverts or delivers property" are substituted for "Whenever property is diverted or delivered by one carrier" for clarity. The words "in violation of routing instructions" are substituted for "contrary to routing instructions" for clarity. The words "both of those carriers are" substituted for "such carriers shall . . . be" for clarity. The words "in a suit or action in any court of competent jurisdiction" are omitted as unnecessary in view of sections 1336 and 1337 of title 28. The words "A carrier is not liable under paragraph (1) of this subsection" are added for clarity. The word "lawful" is omitted as surplus. The word "rule" is omitted as included in "regulation". The word "rate" is substituted for "rate or charge" in view of the definition of "rate" in section 10102 of the revised title.

In subsection (b), the last sentence is substituted for "to be taxed in the case" for clarity.

§11711. Dispute settlement program for household goods carriers

(a)(1) One or more motor common carriers providing transportation of household goods subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II of chapter 105 of this title who want to establish a program to settle disputes between such carriers and shippers of household goods concerning the transportation of household goods may submit an application for establishing such program to the Commission. Such application shall be in such form and contain such information as the Commission may, by regulation, require. The Commission shall review and approve, in accordance with the provisions of this section, each application submitted under this subsection.

(2) The Commission shall approve, at least within 45 days of its filing, any application to establish a program for settling disputes concerning the transportation of household goods which meets the requirements of subsection (b) of this section.

(3) The Commission may investigate at any time the functioning of any program approved under this section and, after notice and an opportunity for a hearing, may suspend or revoke its approval for failure to meet the requirements of this section and such regulations as the Commission may issue to carry out the provisions of this section.

(b) No program for settling disputes concerning the transportation of household goods may be approved under this section unless the program is a fair and expeditious method for settling such disputes and complies with each of the following requirements and such regulations as the Commission may issue:

(1) The program is designed to prevent a carrier from having any special advantage in any case in which the claimant resides or does business at a place distant from the carrier's principal or other place of business.

(2) The program provides for adequate notice of the availability of such program, including a concise easy-to-read, accurate summary of the program and disclosure of the legal effects of election to utilize the program. Such notice must be given to persons for whom household goods are to be transported by the carrier before such goods are tendered to the carrier for transportation.

(3) Upon request of a shipper, the carrier must promptly provide such forms and other information as are necessary for initiating an action under the program to resolve a dispute.

(4) Each person, authorized pursuant to the program to arbitrate or otherwise settle disputes, must be independent of the parties to the dispute and must be capable, as determined under such regulations as the Commission may issue, to resolve such disputes fairly and expeditiously. The program must ensure that each person chosen to settle the disputes is authorized and able to obtain from the shipper or carrier any material and relevant information to the extent necessary to carry out a fair and expeditious decisionmaking process.

(5) No fee for instituting a proceeding under the program may be charged the shipper; except that, if the program is binding solely on the carrier, the shipper may be charged a fee of not more than $25 for instituting a proceeding under the program. In any case in which a shipper is charged a fee under this paragraph for instituting a proceeding under the program and such dispute is settled in favor of the shipper, the person settling the dispute must refund such fee to the shipper unless the person settling the dispute determines that such refund is inappropriate.

(6) The program must not require the shipper to agree to utilize the dispute settlement program prior to the time that a dispute arises.

(7) The program may provide for an oral presentation of a dispute concerning transportation of household goods by a party to the dispute (or a party's representative), but such oral presentation may be made only if all parties to the dispute expressly agree to such presentation and the date, time, and location of such presentation.

(8) Any person settling a dispute concerning transportation of household goods under the program must, as expeditiously as possible but at least within 60 days of receipt of written notification of the dispute, render a decision based on the information gathered, except that, in any case in which a party to the dispute fails to provide in a timely manner any information concerning such dispute which the person settling the dispute may reasonably require to resolve the dispute, the dispute settler may extend such 60-day period for a reasonable period of time. A decision resolving a dispute may include any remedies appropriate under the circumstances, including repair, replacement, refund, reimbursement for expenses, and compensation for damages.


(c) Materials and information obtained in the course of a decisionmaking process to settle a dispute under a dispute settlement program approved under this section may not be used to bring an action under section 11910 of this title.

(d) In any court action to resolve a dispute between a shipper of household goods and a motor common carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II of chapter 105 of this title concerning the transportation of household goods by such carrier, the shipper shall be awarded reasonable attorney's fees if—

(1) the shipper submits a claim to the carrier within 120 days after the date the shipment is delivered or the date the delivery is scheduled, whichever is later;

(2) the shipper prevails in such court action; and

(3)(A) no dispute settlement program approved under this section was available for use by the shipper to resolve the dispute; or

(B) a decision resolving the dispute was not rendered under a dispute settlement program approved under this section within the period provided under subsection (b)(8) of this section or an extension of such period under such subsection; or

(C) the court proceeding is to enforce a decision rendered under a dispute settlement program approved under this section and is instituted after the period for performance under such decision has elapsed.


(e) In any court action to resolve a dispute between a shipper of household goods and a motor common carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II of chapter 105 of this title concerning the transportation of household goods by such carrier, such carrier may be awarded reasonable attorney's fees by the court only if the shipper brought such action in bad faith—

(1) after resolution of such dispute under a dispute settlement program approved under this section; or

(2) after institution of a proceeding by the shipper to resolve such dispute under a dispute settlement program approved under this section but before (A) the period provided under subsection (b)(8) for resolution of such dispute (including, if applicable, an extension of such period under such subsection) ends, and (B) a decision resolving such dispute is rendered under such program.


(f) The provisions of this section shall apply only in the case of collect-on-delivery transportation of those types of household goods described in section 10102(11)(A) of this title.

(Added Pub. L. 96–454, §7(a)(1), Oct. 15, 1980, 94 Stat. 2016; amended Pub. L. 97–261, §6(d)(2), Sept. 20, 1982, 96 Stat. 1107.)

Amendments

1982—Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 97–261 substituted "10102(11)(A)" for "10102(10)(A)".

Effective Date of 1982 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 97–261 effective on 60th day after Sept. 20, 1982, see section 31(a) of Pub. L. 97–261, set out as a note under section 10101 of this title.

Effective Date

Section 7(b) of Pub. L. 96–454 provided that: "The amendments made by this section [enacting this section] shall take effect on the date of enactment of this Act [Oct. 15, 1980], except that subsections (d) and (e) of section 11711 of title 49, United States Code, as inserted in chapter 117 of such title by subsection (a)(1) of this section, shall take effect on the two hundred and fortieth day following such date of enactment."

§11712. Tariff reconciliation rules for motor common carriers of property

(a) Mutual Consent.—Subject to Commission review and approval, motor carriers subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II of chapter 105 of this title (other than motor carriers providing transportation of household goods) and shippers may resolve, by mutual consent, overcharge and undercharge claims resulting from incorrect tariff provisions or billing errors arising from the inadvertent failure to properly and timely file and maintain agreed upon rates, rules, or classifications in compliance with sections 10761 and 10762 of this title. Resolution of such claims among the parties shall not subject any party to the penalties of chapter 119 of this title.

(b) Limitation on Statutory Construction.—Nothing in this section shall relieve the motor carrier of the duty to file and adhere to its rates, rules, and classifications as required in sections 10761 and 10762, except as provided in subsection (a) of this section.

(c) Rulemaking Proceeding.—Not later than 90 days after the date of the enactment of this section, the Commission shall institute a proceeding to establish rules pursuant to which the tariff requirements of sections 10761 and 10762 of this title shall not apply under circumstances described in subsection (a) of this section.

(Added Pub. L. 103–180, §4(a), Dec. 3, 1993, 107 Stat. 2049.)

References in Text

The date of the enactment of this section, referred to in subsec. (c), is the date of enactment of Pub. L. 103–180, which was approved Dec. 3, 1993.

CHAPTER 119—CIVIL AND CRIMINAL PENALTIES

Sec.
11901.
General civil penalties.
11902.
Civil penalty for accepting rebates from common carrier.
11902a.
Penalties for violations of rules relating to loading and unloading motor vehicles.
11903.
Rate, discrimination, and tariff violations.
11904.
Additional rate and discrimination violations.
11905.
Transportation of passengers without charge.
11906.
Evasion of regulation of motor carriers and brokers.
11907.
Interference with railroad car supply.
11908.
Abandonment of service by household goods freight forwarder.
11909.
Record keeping and reporting violations.
11910.
Unlawful disclosure of information.
11911.
Issuance of securities; disposition of funds; restriction on ownership.
11912.
Consolidation, merger, and acquisition of control: violation by a person not a carrier.
11913.
Disobedience to subpenas.
11913a.
Accounting principles violations.
11914.
General criminal penalty when specific penalty not provided.
11915.
Punishment of corporation for violations committed by certain individuals.
11916.
Conclusiveness of rates in certain prosecutions.
11917.
Weight-bumping in household goods transportation.

        

Amendments

1986Pub. L. 99–521, §13(b)(3), Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2999, inserted "household goods" before "freight forwarder" in item 11908.

1980Pub. L. 96–454, §9(b), Oct. 15, 1980, 94 Stat. 2021, added item 11917.

Pub. L. 96–448, title III, §303(a)(2), Oct. 14, 1980, 94 Stat. 1938, added item 11913a.

Pub. L. 96–296, §15(b)(2), July 1, 1980, 94 Stat. 809, added item 11902a.

Chapter Referred to in Other Sections

This chapter is referred to in sections 10701, 11712 of this title.

§11901. General civil penalties

(a) Except as otherwise provided in this section, a common carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under subchapter I of chapter 105 of this title, an officer or agent of that carrier or a receiver, trustee, lessee, or agent of one of them, knowingly violating an order of the Commission under this subtitle is liable to the United States Government for a civil penalty of $5,000 for each violation. Liability under this subsection is incurred for each distinct violation. A separate violation occurs for each day the violation continues.

(b) A common carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter I of chapter 105 of this title, or a receiver or trustee of that carrier, violating a regulation or order of the Commission under section 10761, 10762, 10764, 10765, or 11128(a)(2) or (b) of this title is liable to the United States Government for a civil penalty of $500 for each violation and for $25 for each day the violation continues.

(c) A carrier, receiver, or trustee violating subchapter V of chapter 107 of this title, or a regulation under that subchapter, is liable to the United States Government for a civil penalty of $500 for each violation. A separate violation occurs each day the violation continues.

(d) A person knowingly authorizing, consenting to, or permitting a violation of sections 10901–10907 of this title or of a condition of a certificate or a regulation under any of those sections, is liable to the United States Government for a civil penalty of not more than $5,000.

(e)(1) A carrier, receiver, or operating trustee violating an order or direction of the Commission under section 11123, 11124, 11125, 11127, or 11128(a)(1) of this title is liable to the United States Government for a civil penalty of at least $100 but not more than $500 for each violation and for $50 for each day the violation continues.

(2) A rail carrier, receiver, or operating trustee violating section 11126 of this title is liable to the United States Government for a civil penalty of $100 for each violation. A separate violation occurs for each car not counted when a car count is required under that section.

(f)(1) A person required under subchapter III of chapter 111 of this title to make, prepare, preserve, or submit to the Commission a record concerning transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter I of chapter 105 of this title that does not make, prepare, preserve, or submit that record as required under that subchapter, is liable to the United States Government for a civil penalty of $500 for each violation.

(2) A carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter I of chapter 105 of this title, and a lessor, receiver, or trustee of that carrier, violating section 11144(b)(1) of this title, is liable to the United States Government for a civil penalty of $100 for each violation.

(3) A carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter I of chapter 105 of this title, a lessor, receiver, or trustee of that carrier, a person furnishing cars or protective services against heat or cold, and an officer, agent, or employee of one of them, required to make a report to the Commission or answer a question that does not make the report or does not specifically, completely, and truthfully answer the question, is liable to the United States Government for a civil penalty of $100 for each violation.

(4) A separate violation occurs for each day a violation under this subsection continues.

(g) A person required to make a report to the Commission, answer a question, or make, prepare, or preserve a record under this subtitle or enter into or retain a written agreement under section 10702(c) of this title concerning transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II of chapter 105 of this title or transportation provided under a certificate of registration issued under section 10530 of this title, or an officer, agent, or employee of that person that (1) does not make the report, (2) does not specifically, completely, and truthfully answer the question, (3) does not make, prepare, or preserve the record in the form and manner prescribed by the Commission, (4) does not comply with section 10921 of this title, (5) does not comply with section 10702(c) of this title, or (6) does not comply with section 10530 of this title, is liable to the United States Government for a civil penalty of not more than $500 for each violation and for not more than $250 for each additional day the violation continues; except that, in the case of a person who does not have authority under this subtitle to provide transportation of passengers, or an officer, agent, or employee of such person, that does not comply with section 10921 of this title with respect to providing transportation of passengers, the amount of the civil penalty shall not be more than $1,000 for each violation and $500 for each additional day the violation continues. After the date of enactment of this sentence, no penalties shall be imposed under this subsection for a violation relating to the transportation of household goods. Any such penalties that were imposed prior to such date of enactment shall be collected only in accordance with the provisions of subsection (i) of this section.

(h) A person subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II of chapter 105 of this title, or an officer, agent, or employee of that person, and who is required to comply with section 10921 of this title but does not so comply with respect to the transportation of hazardous wastes as defined by the Environmental Protection Agency pursuant to section 3001 of the Solid Waste Disposal Act (but not including any waste the regulation of which under the Solid Waste Disposal Act has been suspended by Congress) shall, in any action brought by the Commission, be liable to the United States for a civil penalty not to exceed $20,000 for each violation.

(i)(1) Any person required to make a report to the Commission, answer a question, or make, prepare, or preserve a record under this subtitle concerning transportation of household goods subject to jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II of chapter 105 of this title, or an officer, agent, or employee of such person, that (A) does not make the report, (B) does not specifically, completely, and truthfully answer the question, (C) does not make, prepare, or preserve the record in the form and manner prescribed by the Commission, or (D) does not comply with section 10921 of this title, is liable to the United States for a civil penalty of not more than $500 for each violation and of not more than $250 for each additional day during which the violation continues. No penalty shall be imposed under this paragraph for any failure to make, prepare, or preserve the record in the form and manner prescribed by the Commission unless the shipper or shippers have suffered harm as a result of such failure.

(2) In determining and negotiating the amount of a civil penalty under this subsection, the degree of culpability, any history of prior such conduct, the degree of harm to shipper or shippers, ability to pay, the effect on ability to do business, whether the shipper has been adequately compensated before institution of the proceeding, and such other matters as fairness may require shall be taken into account.

(j)(1) Subject to the provisions of paragraph (3) of this subsection, if a common carrier providing transportation of household goods subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II of chapter 105 of this title or a receiver or trustee of such carrier fails or refuses to comply with any regulation issued by the Commission relating to protection of individual shippers, such carrier, receiver, or trustee is liable to the United States for a civil penalty of not more than $1,000 for each violation and of not more than $500 for each additional day during which the violation continues.

(2)(A) If the Commission determines—

(i) that a common carrier providing transportation of household goods subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II of chapter 105 of this title or a receiver or trustee of such carrier has failed or refused to comply with a regulation issued by the Commission relating to protection of individual shippers in excess of any performance standard established in such regulation; and

(ii) with respect to each such failure or refusal, that the shipper or shippers have suffered harm as a result of such failure or refusal;


the Commission may, in writing, notify the carrier, receiver, or trustee of its determinations and may elect to assess civil penalties under this paragraph for such failures and refusals in lieu of proceeding under paragraph (1) of this subsection with respect to such failures and refusals. If the Commission elects to assess civil penalties under this paragraph, such civil penalties may only be assessed after notice and opportunity for a hearing.

(B) Subject to the provisions of paragraph (3) of this subsection, the amount of a civil penalty which may be assessed under this paragraph for a failure or refusal shall not be more than $1,000 for such failure or refusal and $500 for each additional day during which such failure or refusal continues.

(C) Notwithstanding the provisions of section 1336 of title 28, United States Code, a proceeding to enjoin or suspend, in whole or part, an order issued by the Commission assessing one or more civil penalties under this paragraph may only be brought in the United States court of appeals as provided by and in the manner prescribed in chapter 158 of such title.

(3) The amount of a civil penalty which may be assessed under paragraph (1) or (2) of this subsection for a failure or refusal shall not be more than $500 for such failure or refusal and $250 for each additional day during which such failure or refusal continues if, between the time the carrier, receiver, or trustee receives notice from the Commission of such failure or refusal and the commencement of the assessment hearing or trial, as the case may be, the carrier, receiver, or trustee adequately compensates the shipper or shippers, or offers adequate compensation to the shipper or shippers, for the harm they have suffered as a result of such failure or refusal.

(4)(A) No civil penalty may be imposed under this subsection for a failure or refusal to comply with a regulation issued by the Commission relating to protection of individual shippers unless the shipper or shippers have suffered harm as a result of such failure or refusal.

(B) In addition, no civil penalty may be imposed under this subsection for a failure or refusal to comply with a regulation issued by the Commission relating to protection of individual shippers—

(i) if, before receiving notice from the Commission of such failure or refusal, the carrier, receiver, or trustee adequately compensates the shipper or shippers, or offers adequate compensation to the shipper or shippers, for the harm they have suffered as a result of such failure or refusal; or

(ii) in the case of a carrier, receiver, or trustee that does not know or have reason to know that the shipper or shippers have suffered harm as a result of such failure or refusal before receiving notice from the Commission of such failure or refusal, if such carrier, receiver, or trustee adequately compensates the shipper or shippers, or offers adequate compensation to the shipper or shippers, for such harm before commencement under this subsection of the assessment hearing or trial, as the case may be.


(5) In determining and negotiating the amount of a civil penalty under this subsection, the degree of culpability, any history of prior such conduct, the degree of harm to shipper or shippers, ability to pay, the effect on ability to do business, and such other matters as fairness may require shall be taken into account.

(k) Any person that knowingly engages in or knowingly authorizes an agent or other person (1) to falsify documents used in the transportation of household goods subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II of chapter 105 of this title which evidence the weight of a shipment, or (2) to charge for accessorial services which are not performed or for which the carrier is not entitled to be compensated in any case in which such services are not reasonably necessary in the safe and adequate movement of the shipment, is liable to the United States for a civil penalty of not more than $2,000 for each violation and of not more than $5,000 for each subsequent violation. Any State may bring a civil action in the United States district courts to compel a person to pay a civil penalty assessed under this subsection.

(l) Rate Discounts.—A person, or an officer, employee, or agent of that person, that knowingly pays, accepts, or solicits a reduced rate or rates in violation of the regulations issued under section 10767 of this title is liable to the United States for a civil penalty of not less than $5,000 and not more than $10,000 plus 3 times the amount of damages which a party incurs because of such violation. Notwithstanding any other provision of this title, the express civil penalties and damages provided for in this subsection are the exclusive legal sanctions to be imposed under this title for practices found to be in violation of the regulations issued under section 10767 and such violations do not render tariff or contract provisions void or unenforceable.

(m)(1) Trial in a civil action under subsections (a)–(f) of this section is in the judicial district in which the carrier has its principal operating office or in a district through which the railroad of the carrier runs.

(2) Trial in a civil action under subsection (g), (h), (i), (j)(1), (k), or (l) of this section is in the judicial district in which (A) the motor carrier or broker has its principal office, (B) the motor carrier or broker was authorized to provide transportation under this subtitle when the violation occurred, (C) the violation occurred, or (D) the offender is found. Process in the action may be served in the judicial district of which the offender is an inhabitant or in which the offender may be found.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1455; Pub. L. 96–454, §8(a), Oct. 15, 1980, 94 Stat. 2019; Pub. L. 96–510, title III, §306(c), Dec. 11, 1980, 94 Stat. 2810; Pub. L. 97–261, §23, Sept. 20, 1982, 96 Stat. 1124; Pub. L. 98–554, title II, §§226(c)(6), 227(a)(1), Oct. 30, 1984, 98 Stat. 2852; Pub. L. 103–180, §§6(b), 7(c), Dec. 3, 1993, 107 Stat. 2051, 2052.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
11901(a) 49:16(8). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §16(8); added June 29, 1906, ch. 3591, §5, 34 Stat. 590; June 18, 1910, ch. 309, §13, 36 Stat. 554; restated Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §426, 41 Stat. 492; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543.
11901(b) 49:6(10). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §6(10); added June 18, 1910, ch. 309, §9, 36 Stat. 548; Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §409, 41 Stat. 483; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543.
11901(c) 49:19a(k) (less 1st sentence). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §19a(k) (less 1st sentence); added Mar. 1, 1913, ch. 92, §1, 37 Stat. 701; Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §433, 41 Stat. 493; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543.
11901(d) 49:1(18)(e) (last sentence), 1a(9) (last sentence). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §1(18)(e) (last sentence), 1a(9) (last sentence); added Feb. 5, 1976, Pub. L. 94–210, §§801(a), 802, 90 Stat. 126, 130.
11901(e)(1) 49:1(17)(a) (last sentence less proviso). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §1(17)(a) (last sentence less proviso); added Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §402, 41 Stat. 477; Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §4(b), 54 Stat. 901.
  49:1020 (related to penalties). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §420 (related to penalties); added May 16, 1942, ch. 318, §1, 56 Stat. 298.
11901(e)(2) 49:1(12) (3d sentence). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §1(12) (3d sentence); added Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §402, 41 Stat. 476; Feb. 5, 1976, Pub. L. 94–210, §310, 90 Stat. 60.
11901(f) 49:20(7)(a), (c), (d). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, §20(7)(a), (c), (d), (e), 24 Stat. 386; June 29, 1906, ch. 3591, §7, 34 Stat. 593; Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §436, 41 Stat. 494; restated Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §13(a), 54 Stat. 918.
11901(g) 49:322(h) (1st sentence). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §222(h); added Aug. 2, 1949, ch. 379, §15, 63 Stat. 488; Sept. 6, 1965, Pub. L. 89–170, §3, 79 Stat. 649.
11901(h)(1) 49:16(9), (10). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §16(9), (10); added June 29, 1906, ch. 3591, §5, 34 Stat. 590; restated June 18, 1910, ch. 309, §13, 36 Stat. 554; Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §427, 41 Stat. 492; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543.
  49:20(7)(e).
11901(h)(2) 49:322(h) (less 1st sentence).

In subsection (a), the word "agent" is substituted for "representative, or agent" as being more inclusive. The word "violating" is substituted for "fails or neglects to obey" as being more precise. The words "is liable to" are substituted for "shall forfeit to" for consistency. The words "under this subtitle" are substituted for "sections 3, 13, or 15 of this title" for clarity since those sections cover the general power of the Commission under section 10321 and chapter 117 of the revised title. The last sentence is substituted for "and in case of a continuing violation each day shall be deemed a separate offense" for clarity.

In subsection (b), the words "violating . . . section . . . of this title" are substituted for "In case of failure or refusal on the part of . . . to comply with the terms of" for clarity and consistency. The words "adopted or promulgated" are omitted as unnecessary. The words "the provisions" are omitted as surplus. The words "and every" are omitted as surplus. The words "which shall accrue . . . and may be recovered in a civil action brought by the United States" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement and section 2461(a) of title 28.

In subsection (c), the word "violating" is substituted for "In case of failure or refusal . . . to comply" for clarity. The words "subchapter V of chapter 107 of this title, or a regulation under that subchapter," are substituted for "all the requirements of this section and in the manner prescribed by the Commission" in view of section 10321 of the revised title. The words "is liable" are substituted for "shall forfeit" for consistency. The words "and every" are omitted as surplus. The words "such forfeitures to be recoverable in the same manner as other forfeitures provided for in section 16 of this title" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement.

In subsection (e)(1), the 1st sentence of 49:1(17)(a) (less proviso) is omitted as unnecessary in view of the authority of the Commission to delegate its functions under section 10305 of the revised title and the general authority of the Commission to carry out the revised subtitle under section 10321 of the revised title. The words "It shall be the duty of all carriers by railroad subject to this chapter, and of their officers, agents, and employees, to obey strictly and conform promptly to such orders or directions of the Commission" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement of the provisions related to car service in subchapter II of chapter 111 of the revised title and in view of the criminal penalties in this revised chapter. The words "violating an order or direction . . . under sections 11123, 11124, 11125, 11127, or 11128(a)(1) of this title" are substituted for "and in the case of failure or refusal on the part of . . . to comply with any such order or direction" for clarity. The words "liable to" are substituted for "which shall accrue to" for clarity. The words "and may be recovered in a civil action brought by the United States" are omitted as unnecessary.

In subsection (e)(2), the words "violating section 11126 of this title" are substituted for "Failure or refusal so to do shall be unlawful" for clarity and consistency. The words "civil penalty" are added for clarity. The words "is liable to the United States Government" are substituted for "shall forfeit to the United States" for consistency. The words "the sum" are omitted as surplus. The words "which may be recovered in a civil action brought by the United States" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement and section 2461(a) of title 28.

Subsection (g) restates the source provisions for clarity and consistency in view of subchapter III of chapter 111 of the revised title. The word "person" is substituted for "motor carrier, broker, lessor, or other person" as being more inclusive. The word "agent" is substituted for "agent . . . representative" as being more inclusive. The words "does not" are substituted for "shall fail or refuse" for clarity.

In subsection (h), the word "trial" is inserted for clarity. The words "All forfeitures provided for in this paragraph shall be payable into the Treasury of the United States" in 49:322(h) are omitted as surplus in view of section 484 of title 31. The words "and shall be recoverable in a civil suit in the name of the United States" are omitted as unnecessary. The 1st sentence of 49:16(10) and 4th sentence of 49:322(h) are omitted as unnecessary in view of title 28. The last sentences of 49:16(10) and 322(h) are omitted as obsolete.

References in Text

The date of enactment of this sentence, referred to in subsec. (g), is the date of enactment of Pub. L. 96–454, which was approved Oct. 15, 1980.

The Solid Waste Disposal Act, referred to in subsec. (h), is title II of Pub. L. 89–272, as amended generally by Pub. L. 94–580, §2, Oct. 21, 1976, 90 Stat. 2795, which is classified generally to chapter 82 (§6901 et seq.) of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare. Section 3001 of the Solid Waste Disposal Act is classified to section 6921 of Title 42. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 6901 of Title 42 and Tables.

Codification

Amendment by section 306(c)(1) of Pub. L. 96–510, which directed that subsec. (h) be redesignated as (i), was not executed to text in view of the prior addition of subsecs. (h), (i), and (j) by section 8(a)(3) of Pub. L. 96–454 and redesignation of former subsec. (h), relating to venue for trial in a civil action, as (k), and amendment by section 306(c)(2) of Pub. L. 96–510 which directed that former subsec. (h) be amended by inserting "and subsection (h)" after "subsection (g)", could not be executed in view of the prior redesignation of former subsec. (h) as (k) and amendment of par. (2) of subsec. (k), as so redesignated, by inserting "(h), (i)(1), or (j)" after "subsection (g)" by section (8)(a)(2) of Pub. L. 96–454.

Amendments

1993—Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 103–180, §6(b), inserted "or enter into or retain a written agreement under section 10702(c) of this title" after "record under this subtitle", added cl. (5), and redesignated former cl. (5) as (6).

Subsec. (l). Pub. L. 103–180, §7(c)(1), added subsec. (l). Former subsec. (l) redesignated (m).

Subsec. (m). Pub. L. 103–180, §7(c), redesignated subsec. (l) as (m) and substituted "(k), or (l)" for "or (k)" in par. (2).

1984—Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 98–554, §226(c)(6), inserted "or transportation provided under a certificate of registration issued under section 10530 of this title" after "chapter 105 of this title", struck out "or" before "(4)", and inserted "or (5) does not comply with section 10530 of this title," before "is liable to".

Pub. L. 98–554, §227(a)(1)(A), substituted "(i)" for "(h)" before "of this section" at end.

Subsecs. (h) to (l). Pub. L. 98–554, §227(a)(1)(B)–(D), redesignated subsec. (h) beginning "(h)(1) Any person required", which was added by Pub. L. 96–510, and subsecs. (i), (j), and (k), as subsecs. (i), (j), (k), and (l), respectively, inserted "of" after "paragraph (3)" in subsec. (j)(1), substituted "(i), (j)(1), or (k)" for "(i)(1), or (j)" in subsec. (l)(1).

1982—Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 97–261 inserted provision that in the case of a person who does not have authority under this subtitle to provide transportation of passengers, or an officer, agent, or employee of such person, that does not comply with section 10921 of this title with respect to providing transportation of passengers, the amount of the civil penalty shall not be more than $1,000 for each violation and $500 for each additional day the violation continues.

1980—Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 96–454, §8(a)(1), inserted provision that, after the date of enactment of this sentence, no penalties shall be imposed under this subsection for a violation relating to the transportation of household goods, and that any such penalties that were imposed prior to such date shall be collected only in accordance with the provisions of subsection (h) of this section.

Subsec. (h). Pub. L. 96–510 added subsec. (h) relating to the penalty for failure to comply with section 10921 of this title with respect to transportation of hazardous wastes.

Pub. L. 96–454, §8(a)(3), added subsec. (h) relating to the penalty for failure to make a report to the Commission, answer a question, or make, prepare, or preserve a record. Former subsec. (h) redesignated (k).

Subsecs. (i), (j). Pub. L. 96–454, §8(a)(3), added subsecs. (i) and (j).

Subsec. (k). Pub. L. 96–454, §8(a)(2), redesignated former subsec. (h) as (k) and, in par. (2) of subsec. (k) as so redesignated, inserted ", (h), (i)(1), or (j)" after "subsection (g)".

Effective Date of 1984 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 98–554 effective May 1, 1985, except as otherwise provided, see section 226(d) of Pub. L. 98–554, set out as an Effective Date note under section 10530 of this title.

Effective Date of 1982 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 97–261 effective on 60th day after Sept. 20, 1982, see section 31(a) of Pub. L. 97–261, set out as a note under section 10101 of this title.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in sections 10934, 11126, 11348 of this title; title 28 section 2342.

§11902. Civil penalty for accepting rebates from common carrier

A person (1) delivering property to a common carrier providing transportation or service subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under chapter 105 of this title for transportation under this subtitle or for whom that carrier will transport the property as consignor or consignee for that person from a State or territory or possession of the United States to another State or possession, territory, or to a foreign country, and (2) knowingly accepting or receiving by any means a rebate or offset against the rate for transportation for, or service of, that property contained in a tariff filed with the Commission under subchapter IV of chapter 107 of this title, is liable to the United States Government for a civil penalty in an amount equal to 3 times the amount of money that person accepted or received as a rebate or offset and 3 times the value of other consideration accepted or received as a rebate or offset. In a civil action under this section, all money or other consideration received by the person during a period of 6 years before an action is brought under this section may be included in determining the amount of the penalty, and if that total amount is included, the penalty shall be 3 times that total amount.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1457.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
11902 49:41(3). Feb. 19, 1903, ch. 708, §1, 32 Stat. 847; added June 29, 1906, ch. 3591, §2, 34 Stat. 587.

The word "person" is substituted for "person, corporation, or company" in view of the definition of "person" in section 10102 of the revised title. The words "subject to sections 41, 42, or 43 of this title" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement. The words "State or territory or possession of the United States" are substituted for "State, Territory, or the District of Columbia" in view of the definition of "State" in section 10102 of this title and for consistency. The words "by any means" are substituted for "by employee, agent, officer, or otherwise, directly or indirectly, by or through any means or device whatsoever" as being more inclusive. The words "contained in a tariff filed with the Commission under subchapter IV of chapter 107 of this title" are substituted for "fixed by the schedules of rates provided for in said sections" for clarity. The words "in addition to any penalty provided by said sections" are omitted as unnecessary. The words between the first and last semicolons are omitted in view of sections 516, 1355, and 2461 of title 28. The words "and in the trial of said action" are omitted as surplus.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in sections 11126, 11916 of this title.

§11902a. Penalties for violations of rules relating to loading and unloading motor vehicles

(a) Any person who knowingly authorizes, consents to, or permits a violation of subsection (a) or (b) of section 11109 of this title or who knowingly violates subsection (a) of such section is liable to the United States Government for a civil penalty of not more than $10,000 for each violation.

(b) Any person who knowingly violates section 11109(b) of this title shall be fined not more than $10,000, imprisoned for not more than 2 years, or both.

(Added Pub. L. 96–296, §15(b)(1), July 1, 1980, 94 Stat. 809.)

§11903. Rate, discrimination, and tariff violations

(a) A person that knowingly offers, grants, gives, solicits, accepts, or receives by any means transportation or service provided for property by a common carrier subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under chapter 105 of this title (1) at less than the rate in effect under chapter 107 of this title, or (2) by practicing discrimination, shall be fined at least $1,000 but not more than $20,000, imprisoned for not more than 2 years, or both.

(b) A carrier providing transportation or service subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under chapter 105 of this title or an officer, director, receiver, trustee, lessee, agent, or employee of a corporation that is subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under that chapter, that willfully does not file and publish its rates or tariffs as required under chapter 107 of this title or observe those tariffs until changed under law, shall be fined at least $1,000 but not more than $20,000, imprisoned for not more than 2 years, or both.

(c) When acting in the scope of their employment, the actions and omissions of persons acting for or employed by a carrier or shipper that is subject to subsection (a) or (b) of this section are considered to be the actions and omissions of that carrier or shipper as well as that person.

(d) Trial in a criminal action under this section is in the judicial district in which any part of the violation is committed or through which the transportation is conducted.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1457.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
11903 49:41(1) (less 1st sentence), (2) (related to corporate violations). Feb. 19, 1903, ch. 708, §1 (1st par. less 1st sentence), (2d par. related to corporate violations), 32 Stat. 847; restated June 29, 1906, ch. 3591, §2, 34 Stat. 587.

In subsection (a), the words "offers, grants, gives, solicits, accepts, or receives by any means" are substituted for "to offer, grant, or give, or to solicit, accept, or receive any rebate, concession, or discrimination in respect . . . whereby any . . . shall by any device whatever" for clarity in view of section 10761(a) of the revised title. The words "or (2) by practicing discrimination" are substituted for "or whereby any other advantage is given or discrimination is practiced" for consistency. See the revision note to section 10101 of the revised title. The words "transportation or service provided for property by a common carrier subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under chapter 105 of this title" are substituted for "in interstate or foreign commerce and the Acts amendatory thereof" for consistency. The words "than the rate in effect under chapter 107 of this title" are substituted for "than that named in the tariffs published and filed by such carrier, as is required by said Act to regulate commerce and the Acts amendatory thereof" for clarity.

In subsection (b), the word "strictly" is omitted as surplus. The words "shall be a misdemeanor, and upon conviction thereof" are omitted as unnecessary in view of title 18. The proviso in 49:41(1) (2d sentence) is omitted as unnecessary and the penalty of imprisonment provided by it is incorporated in subsections (a) and (b).

In subsection (c), the words "in construing and enforcing the provisions of this section" are omitted as surplus. The word "omissions" is substituted for "omission, or failure" as being more inclusive.

In subsection (d), the words "Every violation of this section shall be prosecuted in any court of the United States having jurisdiction of crimes" are omitted as unnecessary in view of title 18. The words "Trial in a criminal action under this section" are added for clarity. The words "any part of the violation is committed" are substituted for "in which such violation was committed . . . and whenever the offense is begun in one jurisdiction and completed in another" as being more inclusive. The words "it may be dealt with, inquired of, tried, determined, and punished in either jurisdiction in the same manner as if the offense had been actually and wholly committed therein" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in sections 11126, 11916 of this title.

§11904. Additional rate and discrimination violations

(a)(1) A common carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under subchapter I of chapter 105 of this title, and when that carrier is a corporation, an officer, employee, or agent of the corporation, that by any means knowingly and willfully assists a person in getting, or willingly permits a person to get, transportation provided under this subtitle for property at less than the rate in effect for that transportation under chapter 107 of this title, shall be fined not more than $5,000, imprisoned for not more than 2 years, or both.

(2) A person, or officer or agent of the person, that (A) delivers property for transportation under this subtitle to a common carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter I of chapter 105 of this title, or for whom that carrier transports property as consignor or consignee, and (B) knowingly and willfully by any means gets or attempts to get that property transported at less than the rate in effect for that transportation under chapter 107 of this title, shall be fined not more than $5,000, imprisoned for not more than 2 years, or both.

(3) A person, or an officer or agent of a corporation or company that by payment of anything of value, solicitation, or in any other way, induces or attempts to induce a common carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter I of chapter 105 of this title, or any of its officers or agents, to discriminate unreasonably against another consignor or consignee in the transportation of property shall be fined not more than $5,000, imprisoned for not more than 2 years, or both.

(b) A person, or an officer, employee, or agent of that person, that (1) knowingly offers, grants, gives, solicits, accepts, or receives a rebate, concession, or discrimination in violation of a provision of this subtitle related to motor carrier transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II of chapter 105 of this title, or (2) by any means knowingly and willfully assists or permits another person to get transportation that is subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under that subchapter at less than the rate in effect for that transportation under chapter 107 of this title, shall be fined at least $200 but no more than $500 for the first violation and at least $250 but not more than $2,000 for a subsequent violation.

(c)(1) A water carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter III of chapter 105 of this title, or an officer, agent, or employee of that carrier, that knowingly and willfully by any means offers, grants, or gives, or intentionally permits a person to get, transportation provided under that subchapter at less than the rate in effect for that transportation under chapter 107 of this title, shall be fined not more than $5,000.

(2) A person that knowingly and willfully by any means solicits, accepts, or receives transportation provided under subchapter III of chapter 105 of this title at less than the rate in effect for that transportation under chapter 107 of this title, shall be fined not more than $5,000.

(3) Trial in a criminal action under this subsection is in the judicial district in which any part of the violation is committed.

(d)(1) A household goods freight forwarder providing service subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter IV of chapter 105 of this title, or an officer, agent, or employee of that household goods freight forwarder, that knowingly and willfully assists a person in getting, or willingly permits a person to get, service provided under that subchapter at less than the rate in effect for that service under chapter 107 of this title, shall be fined not more than $500 for the first violation and not more than $2,000 for a subsequent violation.

(2) A person that knowingly and willfully by any means gets, or attempts to get, service provided under subchapter IV of chapter 105 of this title at less than the rate in effect for that service under chapter 107 of this title, shall be fined not more than $500 for the first violation and not more than $2,000 for a subsequent violation.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1457; Pub. L. 99–521, §13(a), Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2998.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
11904(a)(1) 49:10(2). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, §10 (less (1)), 24 Stat. 382; Mar. 2, 1889, ch. 382, §2, 25 Stat. 857; restated June 18, 1910, ch. 309, §10, 36 Stat. 549; Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §414, 41 Stat. 483; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543.
11904(a)(2), (3) 49:10 (less (1) and (2)).
11904(b) 49:322(c) (related to rate violations). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §222(c) (related to rate violations); added Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 564; Aug. 14, 1957, Pub. L. 85–135, §4(2), 71 Stat. 352.
11904(c) 49:917(b), (c). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §317(b), (c); added Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §201, 54 Stat. 947.
11904(d) 49:1021(b), (c). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §421(b), (c); added May 16, 1942, ch. 318, §1, 56 Stat. 298.

In subsection (a)(1), the word "suffer" is omitted as surplus. The words "by any means" are substituted for "by any other device or means" for clarity and for emphasis. The words "by means of false billing, false classification, false weighing, or false report of weight" are omitted as unnecessary and as included in the words "by any means". The words "in effect . . . under chapter 107 of this title" are substituted for "then established and in force" for clarity in view of the restatement. The words "for that transportation" are substituted for "on the line of transportation" for clarity. The words "shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and . . . upon conviction thereof in any court of the United States of competent jurisdiction within the district in which such offense was committed" are omitted as unnecessary in view of title 18 and the Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure (18 U.S.C. app.). The words "be subject to" are omitted as surplus. The words "in the penitentiary for a term" are omitted as surplus. The words "in the discretion of the court" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement. The words "for each offense" are omitted as surplus.

In subsection (a)(2), the words "directly, or indirectly, himself or by employee, agent, or officer, or otherwise" are omitted as surplus in view of section 2 of title 18. The words "by any means" are substituted for "by any other device or means" for clarity and for emphasis. The words "by false billing, false classification, false weighing, false representation of the contents of the package or the substance of the property, false report of weight, false statement," are omitted as unnecessary and as included in the words "by any means". The words "whether with or without the consent or connivance of the carrier, its agent, or officer" are omitted as surplus. The words "by false statement or representation as to cost, value, nature, or extent of injury, or by the use of any false bill, bill of lading, receipt, voucher, roll, account, claim, certificate, affidavit, or disposition, knowing the same to be false, fictitious, or fraudulent, or to contain any false, fictitious, or fraudulent statement or entry, obtain or attempt to obtain any allowance, refund, or payment for damage or otherwise in connection with or growing out of the transportation of or agreement to transport such property . . . whereby the compensation of such carrier for such transportation, either before or after payment, shall in fact be made less than the regular rates then established and in force on the line of transportation" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement. The words "shall be deemed guilty of fraud" are omitted as unnecessary. The words "which is declared to be a misdemeanor, and . . . upon conviction thereof in any court of the United States of competent jurisdiction within the district in which such offense was wholly or in part committed" are omitted as unnecessary in view of title 18 and the Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure (18 U.S.C. app.). The words "be subject for each offense to" are omitted as surplus. The words "in the discretion of the court" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement. The proviso is omitted as unnecessary.

In subsection (a)(3), the words "any such" are omitted as unnecessary. The words "payment of any thing of value" are substituted for "payment of money or other things of value" as being inclusive. The words "any other way" are substituted for "otherwise" for clarity. The words "common carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter I of chapter 105 of this title" are substituted for "common carrier subject to the provisions of this chapter" for consistency in view of the restatement. The word "unreasonably" is substituted for "unjustly" for clarity and consistency. See revision note to section 10101 of the revised title. The words "or shall aid or abet any such common carrier in any such unjust discrimination" are omitted as unnecessary in view of section 2 of title 18. The words "shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor" are omitted as surplus in view of section 1 of title 18. The words "upon conviction thereof" are omitted as surplus. The words "in any court of the United States of competent jurisdiction within the district in which such offense was committed" are omitted as unnecessary in view of title 18 and the Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure (18 U.S.C. app.). The words "be fined not more than" are substituted for "be subject to a fine of not exceeding" for consistency. The words after the semicolon in 49:10(4) are omitted as surplus in view of section 11705 of the revised title.

In subsection (b), the words "whether carrier, shipper, consignee, or broker" are omitted as being included in "person". The word "agent" is substituted for "agent, or representative thereof" as being more inclusive. The words "related to motor carrier transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II of chapter 105 of this title" are substituted for "of any provision of this chapter" for consistency in view of the restatement. The words "by any means" are substituted for "by means of any false statement or representation, or by the use of any false or fictitious bill, bill of lading, receipt, voucher, roll, account, claim, certificate, affidavit, deposition, lease, or bill of sale, or by any other means or device" as being inclusive. The word "permits" is substituted for "suffer or permit" as being inclusive and in view of section 2 of title 18. The word "person" is substituted for "person or persons, natural or artificial" in view of the definition of "person" in section 10102(15) of the revised title. The words "of passengers or property" are omitted as surplus. The words "rate in effect for that transportation under chapter 107 of this title" are substituted for "the applicable rate, fare, or charge" as being more precise and in view of the definition of "rate" in section 10102(19) of the revised title. The words "shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor" are omitted as surplus in view of section 1 of title 18. The words "upon conviction thereof" are omitted as surplus. The word "violation" is substituted for "offense" for consistency.

In subsections (c) and (d), the words "whether with or without the consent or connivance of such carrier or his or its officer, agent, employee, or representative" are omitted as surplus. The words "either before or after payment" are omitted as surplus. The words "be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor and upon conviction thereof in any court of the United States of competent jurisdiction" are omitted in view of title 18.

In subsection (c), the word "permits" is substituted for "assist, suffer or permit" as being inclusive and in view of section 2 of title 18. The words "natural or artificial" are omitted as surplus. The words "of passengers or property" are omitted as surplus. The words "be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor and upon conviction thereof" are omitted as unnecessary in view of title 18. The words "offer . . . or receive" are substituted for "offer, grant, accept, or receive". The words "Trial in a criminal action" are inserted for clarity.

Amendments

1986—Subsec. (d)(1). Pub. L. 99–521 inserted "household goods" before "freight forwarder" wherever appearing.

Effective Date of 1986 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 99–521 effective 60 days after Oct. 22, 1986, see section 15 of Pub. L. 99–521, set out as a note under section 10102 of this title.

§11905. Transportation of passengers without charge

A common carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under subchapter I, II, or III of chapter 105 of this title that provides transportation of passengers without charge except as provided in section 10721(b), 10722(c) and (d) (if the transportation is for its employees on sleeping and express cars or line maintainers of telegraph and telephone companies), 10723(a)(1) (other than paragraph (1)(A) of that subsection when transportation is arranged by a municipal government), or 10724(a) of this title, shall be fined at least $100 but not more than $2,000. An individual who uses a free ticket for, or accepts transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under those subchapters, except as provided in those sections, shall be fined at least $100 but not more than $2,000.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1459; Pub. L. 97–261, §29(e), Sept. 20, 1982, 96 Stat. 1128.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
11905 49:1(7) (less 1st sentence). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §1(7) (less 1st sentence); added June 29, 1906, ch. 3591, §1, 34 Stat. 584; Apr. 13, 1908, ch. 143, §1, 35 Stat. 60; restated June 18, 1910, ch. 309, §7, 36 Stat. 546; Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §401, 41 Stat. 475; June 19, 1934, ch. 652, §602(b), 48 Stat. 1102; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543.

Appropriate cross references to those sections of the revised title to which 49:1(7) (1st sentence) has been distributed are added for clarity, and the words "violating this provision" are omitted as unnecessary. The words "be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor and for each offense on conviction" are omitted as surplus and as unnecessary in view of title 18. The words "shall pay to the United States" are omitted as surplus. The word "individual" is substituted for "person" for consistency when referring to a human being. The word "fined" is substituted for "penalty" for consistency and to distinguish from a civil penalty. The words "free ticket" are substituted for "free ticket, free pass" for consistency. The word "interstate" is omitted in view of the restatement. The last sentence of 49:1(7) is omitted as unnecessary.

Amendments

1982Pub. L. 97–261, §29(e), substituted "line maintainers" for "linemen".

Effective Date of 1982 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 97–261 effective on 60th day after Sept. 20, 1982, see section 31(a) of Pub. L. 97–261, set out as a note under section 10101 of this title.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in section 11126 of this title.

§11906. Evasion of regulation of motor carriers and brokers

A person, or an officer, employee, or agent of that person that by any means knowingly and willfully tries to evade regulation provided under this subtitle for motor carriers or brokers shall be fined at least $200 but not more than $500 for the first violation and at least $250 but not more than $2,000 for a subsequent violation.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1459.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
11906 49:322(c) (related to evasion of regulation). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §222(c) (related to evasion of regulation); added Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 564; Aug. 14, 1957, Pub. L. 85–135, §4(2), 71 Stat. 352.

The words "whether carrier, shipper, consignee, or broker" are omitted as surplus. The word "agent" is substituted for "agent, or representative thereof" as being more inclusive. The words "be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor and upon conviction thereof" are omitted as unnecessary in view of title 18.

§11907. Interference with railroad car supply

(a) A person that offers or gives anything of value to another person acting for or employed by a rail carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under subchapter I of chapter 105 of this title intending to influence an action of that other person related to supply, distribution, or movement of cars, vehicles, or vessels used in the transportation of property, or because of the action of that other person, shall be fined not more than $1,000, imprisoned for not more than 2 years, or both.

(b) A person acting for or employed by a rail carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter I of chapter 105 of this title that solicits, accepts, or receives anything of value (1) intending to be influenced by it in an action of that person related to supply, distribution, or movement of cars, vehicles, or vessels used in the transportation of property, or (2) because of the action of that person, shall be fined not more than $1,000, imprisoned for not more than 2 years, or both.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1459.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
11907 49:1(17)(b). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §1(17)(b); added Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §4(b), 54 Stat. 901.

The words "It shall be unlawful for" are omitted as surplus. The words "cause or procure to be offered or given" are omitted as unnecessary in view of section 2(b) of title 18. The words "directly or indirectly" are omitted as surplus. The words "anything of value" are substituted for "any money, property, or thing of value, or bribe in any other form whatsoever" to conform to section 201(b) of title 18. The word "action" is substituted for "decision or action" as being more inclusive. The words "Any person who violates the provisions of this subparagraph" are omitted as unnecessary. The words "be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor and be subject for each offense" are omitted as unnecessary in view of title 18. The words "in the penitentiary for a term" are omitted as surplus.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in section 11126 of this title.

§11908. Abandonment of service by household goods freight forwarder

A household goods freight forwarder controlled by or under common control with a common carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under subchapter I, II, or III of chapter 105 of this title, or a director, officer, receiver, operating trustee, lessee, agent, or employee of that household goods freight forwarder or common carrier, that knowingly authorizes or permits a violation of section 10933 of this title, shall be fined not more than $5,000.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1459; Pub. L. 99–521, §13(b)(1), (2), Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2998, 2999.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
11908 49:1010(i) (less 1st sentence and 2d sentence words before semicolon). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §410(i) (less 1st sentence and 2d sentence words before semicolon); added May 16, 1942, ch. 318, §1, 56 Stat. 293.

The words "upon conviction thereof be punished" are omitted as unnecessary in view of title 18.

Amendments

1986Pub. L. 99–521 inserted "household goods" before "freight forwarder" in section catchline and wherever appearing in text.

Effective Date of 1986 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 99–521 effective 60 days after Oct. 22, 1986, see section 15 of Pub. L. 99–521, set out as a note under section 10102 of this title.

§11909. Record keeping and reporting violations

(a) A person required to make a report to the Interstate Commerce Commission, or make, prepare, or preserve a record, under subchapter III of chapter 111 of this title about transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter I of chapter 105 of this title that knowingly and willfully (1) makes a false entry in the report or record, (2) destroys, mutilates, changes, or by another means falsifies the record, (3) does not enter business related facts and transactions in the record, (4) makes, prepares, or preserves the record in violation of a regulation or order of the Commission, or (5) files a false report or record with the Commission, shall be fined not more than $5,000, imprisoned for not more than 2 years, or both.

(b) A person required to make a report to the Commission, answer a question, or make, prepare, or preserve a record under this subtitle or enter into or retain a written agreement under section 10702(c) of this title about transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II of chapter 105 of this title, or subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission before October 15, 1966, or an officer, agent, or employee of that person, that (1) willfully does not make that report or willfully does not enter into or retain that agreement, (2) willfully does not specifically, completely, and truthfully answer that question in 30 days from the date the Commission requires the question to be answered, (3) willfully does not make, prepare, or preserve that record in the form and manner prescribed by the Commission, (4) knowingly and willfully falsifies, destroys, mutilates, or changes that report or record, (5) knowingly and willfully files a false report or record with the Commission, (6) knowingly and willfully makes a false or incomplete entry in that record about a business related fact or transaction, or (7) knowingly and willfully makes, prepares, or preserves a record in violation of a regulation or order of the Commission, shall be fined not more than $5,000.

(c) A person required to make a report to the Commission, answer a question, or make, prepare, or preserve a record under this subtitle about transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter III of chapter 105 of this title, or an officer, agent, or employee of that person, that (1) willfully does not make that report, (2) willfully does not specifically, completely and truthfully answer that question in 30 days from the date the Commission requires the question to be answered, (3) willfully does not make, prepare, or preserve that record in the form and manner prescribed by the Commission, (4) willfully falsifies, destroys, mutilates, or changes that report, or record, (5) willfully makes a false or incomplete entry in the record about a fact or transaction required under this subtitle, (6) willfully makes, prepares, or preserves a record in violation of a regulation or order of the Commission, or (7) knowingly and willfully files a false report or record with the Commission, shall be fined not more than $5,000. Trial in a criminal action under this subsection is in the judicial district in which any part of the violation is committed.

(d) A household goods freight forwarder, or an officer, agent, or employee of that household goods freight forwarder, required to make a report to the Commission, answer a question, or make, prepare, or preserve a record under this subtitle about transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter IV of chapter 105 of this title that (1) willfully does not make that report, (2) willfully does not specifically, completely, and truthfully answer that question in 30 days from the date the Commission requires the question to be answered, (3) willfully does not make, prepare, or preserve that record in the form and manner prescribed by the Commission, (4) knowingly and willfully falsifies, destroys, mutilates, or changes that report or record, (5) knowingly and willfully files a false report or record with the Commission, (6) knowingly and willfully makes a false or incomplete entry in that record about a fact or transaction related to the business of that household goods freight forwarder, or (7) knowingly and willfully makes, prepares, or preserves a record in violation of a regulation or order of the Commission, shall be fined not more than $5,000.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1460; Pub. L. 96–258, §1(15), June 3, 1980, 94 Stat. 427; Pub. L. 97–424, title IV, §427(a), Jan. 6, 1983, 96 Stat. 2168; Pub. L. 98–216, §2(20), Feb. 14, 1984, 98 Stat. 6; Pub. L. 99–521, §13(c), Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2999; Pub. L. 103–180, §6(c), Dec. 3, 1993, 107 Stat. 2051; Pub. L. 103–272, §4(j)(35), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1370.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Pub. L. 95–473
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
11909(a) 49:20(7)(b) (less proviso). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §20(7)(b) (less proviso); added June 29, 1906, ch. 3591, §7, 34 Stat. 594; Feb. 25, 1909, ch. 193, §1, 35 Stat. 648; Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §436, 41 Stat. 494; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543; restated Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §13(a), 54 Stat. 918.
11909(b) 49:322(g). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §222(g); added Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 565; restated Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §25(d), 54 Stat. 928.
11909(c) 49:917(d). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §317(d); added Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §201, 54 Stat. 948.
11909(d) 49:1021(d). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §421(d); added May 16, 1942, ch. 318, §1, 56 Stat. 299.

In subsection (a), the words "cause to be made" are omitted in view of section 2 of title 18. The words "or participate in the making of" are omitted as surplus and in view of section 2 of title 18. The word "record" is substituted for "accounts, records, and memoranda" for clarity. The word "report" is substituted for "any annual or other report" as being more inclusive. The words "required under this section to be filed" are omitted as unnecessary. The word "changes" is substituted for "alter" for consistency. The words "does not enter business related facts and transactions" are substituted for "neglect or fail to make full, true, and correct entries . . . of all facts and transactions appertaining to the business of the carrier, lessor, or person" for clarity in view of the power of the Commission to prescribe the contents of accounts under subchapter III of chapter 111 of the revised title. The words "in violation of a regulation or order of the Commission" are substituted for "contrary to the rules, regulations, or orders of the Commission with respect thereto" for consistency. The words "be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor and shall be subject, upon conviction in any court of the United States of competent jurisdiction" are omitted as unnecessary in view of title 18.

In subsections (b)–(d), the word "person" is substituted for "motor carrier, broker, or other person" as being more inclusive. The words "required to make a report to the Commission, answer a question, or make, prepare, or preserve a record" are added for clarity and to eliminate the need for the text of 49:322(g) (last sentence). The word "prepare" is substituted for "prepared, or compiled" as being more inclusive. The word "preserve" is substituted for "retained" for consistency in view of subchapter III of chapter 111 of the revised title. The word "record" is substituted for "accounts, records, and memoranda" for consistency with subchapter III of chapter 111 of the revised title. The words "under this subtitle about transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II of chapter 105 of this title" are substituted for "as required by this chapter" for clarity. The word "agent" is substituted for "agent . . . or representative thereof" as being more inclusive. The words "specifically, completely, and truthfully" are substituted for "specific and full, true, and correct" for clarity. The word "lawfully" is omitted as surplus. The words "makes a false or incomplete entry" are substituted for "neglect or fail to make full, true, and correct entries" for clarity. The word "regulation" is substituted for "rules, regulations" for consistency when referring to the Commission. The words "be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor and upon conviction thereof be subject for each offense" are omitted as unnecessary in view of title 18.

In subsection (c), the words "Trial in a criminal action" are added for clarity.

Pub. L. 96–258

This amends section 11909(a) to correct a grammatical error.

Amendments

1994—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 103–272 substituted "1966," for "1966,,".

1993—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 103–180 inserted "or enter into or retain a written agreement under section 10702(c) of this title" after "record under this subtitle" in introductory provisions and "or willfully does not enter into or retain that agreement" after "make that report" in cl. (1).

1986—Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 99–521 inserted "household goods" before "freight forwarder" wherever appearing.

1984—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 98–216 substituted "before October 15, 1966" for "prior to enactment of the Department of Transportation Act".

1983—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 97–424 inserted ", or subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission prior to enactment of the Department of Transportation Act,".

1980—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 96–258 substituted "mutilates" for "multilates".

Effective Date of 1986 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 99–521 effective 60 days after Oct. 22, 1986, see section 15 of Pub. L. 99–521, set out as a note under section 10102 of this title.

Effective Date of 1980 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 96–258 effective Oct. 17, 1978, see section 3(d) of Pub. L. 96–258, set out as a note under section 10525 of this title.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in section 11348 of this title.

§11910. Unlawful disclosure of information

(a)(1) A common carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under subchapter I of chapter 105 of this title, or an officer, agent, or employee of that carrier, or another person authorized to receive information from that carrier, that knowingly discloses to another person, except the shipper or consignee, or a person who solicits or knowingly receives (A) information about the nature, kind, quantity, destination, consignee, or routing of property tendered or delivered to that carrier for transportation provided under this subtitle without the consent of the shipper or consignee, and (B) that information may be used to the detriment of the shipper or consignee or may disclose improperly, to a competitor the business transactions of the shipper or consignee, shall be fined not more than $1,000.

(2) A motor carrier or broker providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II of chapter 105 of this title or an officer, receiver, trustee, lessee, or employee of that carrier or broker, or another person authorized by that carrier or broker to receive information from that carrier or broker may not knowingly disclose to another person, except the shipper or consignee, and another person may not solicit, or knowingly receive, information about the nature, kind, quantity, destination, consignee, or routing of property tendered or delivered to that carrier or broker for transportation provided under this subtitle without the consent of the shipper or consignee if that information may be used to the detriment of the shipper or consignee or may disclose improperly to a competitor the business transactions of the shipper or consignee.

(3) A common carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter III of chapter 105 of this title, or an officer, receiver, trustee, lessee, agent, or employee of that carrier, or another person authorized by that carrier or person to receive information from that carrier, that knowingly and willfully discloses to another person, except the shipper or consignee, or a person that solicits or knowingly and willfully receives (A) information about the nature, kind, quantity, destination, consignee, or routing of property tendered or delivered to that carrier for transportation provided under that subchapter without the consent of the shipper or consignee, and (B) that information may be used to the detriment of the shipper or consignee or may disclose improperly, to a competitor, the business transactions of the shipper or consignee, shall be fined not more than $2,000. Trial in a criminal action under this paragraph is in the judicial district in which any part of the violation is committed.

(4) A household goods freight forwarder providing service subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter IV of chapter 105 of this title, or an officer, agent, or employee of that household goods freight forwarder, or another person authorized by that household goods freight forwarder, or person to receive information, who knowingly and willfully discloses to another person, except the shipper or consignee, or a person that solicits or knowingly and willfully receives (A) information about the nature, kind, quantity, destination, consignee, or routing of property tendered or delivered to that forwarder for service provided under that subchapter without the consent of the shipper or consignee, and (B) that information may be used to the detriment of the shipper or consignee or may disclose improperly, to a competitor the business transactions of the shipper or consignee, shall be fined not more than $100 for the first violation and not more than $500 for a subsequent violation. A separate violation occurs each day the violation continues.

(b) This subtitle does not prevent a carrier or broker providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under chapter 105 of this title from giving information—

(1) in response to legal process issued under authority of a court of the United States or a State;

(2) to an officer, employee, or agent of the United States Government, a State, or a territory or possession of the United States; or

(3) to another carrier or its agent to adjust mutual traffic accounts in the ordinary course of business.


(c) An employee of the Commission delegated to make an inspection or examination under section 11144 of this title who knowingly discloses information acquired during that inspection or examination, except as directed by the Commission, a court, or a judge of that court, shall be fined not more than $500, imprisoned for not more than 6 months, or both.

(d) A person that knowingly discloses confidential data made available to such person under section 11165 of this title by a rail carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter I of chapter 105 of this title shall be fined not more than $50,000.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1461; Pub. L. 96–448, title III, §303(b), Oct. 14, 1980, 94 Stat. 1938; Pub. L. 99–521, §13(d), Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2999.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
11910(a)(1) 49:15(13) (less proviso), (14). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §15(13), (14); added June 18, 1910, ch. 309, §12, 36 Stat. 553; Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §421, 41 Stat. 488; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543; Feb. 5, 1976, Pub. L. 94–210, §202(c), 90 Stat. 35.
11910(a)(2) 49:322(e). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §222(e), (f); added Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 565.
11910(a)(3) 49:917(f) (1st and 2d sentences). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §317 (less (a)–(d)); added Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §201, 54 Stat. 948.
11910(a)(4) 49:1021(f) (1st and 2d sentences). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §421(f); added May 16, 1942, ch. 318, §1, 56 Stat. 299.
11910(b) 49:15(13) (proviso).
  49:322(f).
  49:917 (less (a)–(e) and (f) (less 1st and 2d sentences)).
  49:1021 (less (a)–(e) and (f) (less 1st and 2d sentences)).
11910(c) 49:20(7)(f). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §20(7)(f); added June 29, 1906, ch. 3591, §7, 34 Stat. 594; Feb. 25, 1909, ch. 193, §1, 35 Stat. 648; Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §436, 41 Stat. 494; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543; restated Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §13(a), 54 Stat. 918.
  49:322(d). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §222(d); added Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 565; restated Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §25(c), 54 Stat. 928.
  49:917(e).

49:1021(e).

In subsection (a), the words "It shall be unlawful for" are omitted as surplus. The word "lawfully" is omitted as surplus. The word "permits" is omitted in view of section 2 of title 18. The words "transportation provided under this subtitle" are substituted for "interstate transportation" for consistency. The word "detriment" is substituted for "detriment or prejudice" as being more inclusive. The words "which may be so used" are omitted as unnecessary. The words before "penalty" in 49:15(14) are omitted as unnecessary in view of title 18. The word "fined" is substituted for "penalty" for consistency.

In subsection (a)(2), the words "may not" are substituted for "It shall be unlawful for" for clarity. The words "providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II of chapter 105 of this title" are substituted for "engaged in interstate or foreign commerce" in view of the restatement. The word "agent" is omitted to eliminate redundancy.

In subsection (a)(3) and (4), the words "may be" are substituted for "may be or is" in 49:917(f) and 1021(f) as being more inclusive. The words "may disclose" are substituted for "may or does . . . disclose" in 49:917(f) and 1021(f) as being inclusive. The words "be guilty of a misdemeanor and upon conviction thereof in any court of the United States of competent jurisdiction . . . be subject to" are omitted as unnecessary in view of title 18.

In subsection (a)(3), the words "Trial in a criminal action" are inserted for clarity.

In subsection (b), the words "This subtitle does not prevent" are substituted for "Provided, That nothing in this chapter shall be construed to prevent" in 49:15(13) and similar provisions in the other source provisions for clarity. The words "in the exercise of his powers, or to any officer or other duly authorized person seeking such information for the prosecution of persons charged with or suspected of crime" are omitted as unnecessary. The word "employee" is added in subsection (b)(2) for consistency.

In subsection (c), the words "employee of the Commission delegated to make an inspection or examination under section 11144 of this title" are substituted for "Any special agent, accountant, or examiner" for clarity and to be consistent with section 11144 of the revised title and subchapter I of chapter 103 of the revised title. The word "discloses" is substituted for "divulges" for clarity. The word "information" is substituted for "any fact or information" as being more inclusive.

Amendments

1986—Subsec. (a)(4). Pub. L. 99–521 inserted "household goods" before "freight forwarder" wherever appearing.

1980—Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 96–448 added subsec. (d).

Effective Date of 1986 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 99–521 effective 60 days after Oct. 22, 1986, see section 15 of Pub. L. 99–521, set out as a note under section 10102 of this title.

Effective Date of 1980 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 96–448 effective Oct. 1, 1980, see section 710(a) of Pub. L. 96–448, set out as a note under section 10101 of this title.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in sections 333, 11711 of this title.

§11911. Issuance of securities; disposition of funds; restriction on ownership

(a) A director, officer, attorney, or agent of a carrier defined in section 11301(a)(1) of this title that knowingly agrees to or concurs in (1) an issue of securities or assumption of obligations or liability in violation of section 11301 of this title, (2) a disposition of securities in violation of an order of the Interstate Commerce Commission, or (3) an application not authorized by the Commission of the funds derived by the carrier through a disposition of securities shall be fined at least $1,000 but not more than $10,000, imprisoned for at least one year but not more than 3 years, or both.

(b) A person that violates section 11322 of this title shall be fined at least $1,000 but not more than $10,000, imprisoned for at least one year but not more than 3 years, or both.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1462; Pub. L. 97–261, §19(c), Sept. 20, 1982, 96 Stat. 1121.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
11911(a) 49:20a(11) (last sentence). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §20a(11) (last sentence), (12) (last sentence); added Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §439, 41 Stat. 496.
  49:314 (related to penalties). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §214 (related to penalties); added Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 557; restated June 29, 1938, ch. 811, §15, 52 Stat. 1240; Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §22(a), 54 Stat. 924; July 10, 1952, ch. 648, §1, 66 Stat. 542; Sept. 7, 1957, Pub. L. 85–309, §1, 71 Stat. 631; Feb. 5, 1976, Pub. L. 94–210, §308(a)(3), 90 Stat. 57.
11911(b) 49:20a(12) (last sentence).

In subsection (a), the word "agrees" is substituted for "assents" for clarity. The words "in violation of section 11301 of this title" are substituted for "forbidden by this section" for clarity and to conform to the revised title. The word "disposition" is substituted for "sale or other disposition" as being more inclusive. The words "in the premises" are omitted as surplus. The words "shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and upon conviction . . . punished" are omitted as unnecessary in view of title 18. The words "in the discretion of the court" are omitted as surplus. The text of 49:314 (related to penalties) is omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement.

In subsection (b), the words "shall be a misdemeanor, and on conviction in any United States court having jurisdiction . . . punished" are omitted as unnecessary in view of title 18.

Amendments

1982—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 97–261 struck out "or of a person to which that section is made applicable by section 11302(a) of this title" after "section 11301(a)(1) of this title".

Effective Date of 1982 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 97–261 effective on 60th day after Sept. 20, 1982, see section 31(a) of Pub. L. 97–261, set out as a note under section 10101 of this title.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in section 11348 of this title.

§11912. Consolidation, merger, and acquisition of control: violation by a person not a carrier

A person, other than a common carrier, that violates section 11343, 11344, 11345, 11346, 11347, or 11351 of this title shall be fined not more than $5,000.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1462; Pub. L. 96–258, §1(13)(C), June 3, 1980, 94 Stat. 427.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Pub. L. 95–473
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
11912 49:5(8) (last sentence). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §5(8) (last sentence); added Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §7, 54 Stat. 908; Feb. 5, 1976, Pub. L. 94–210, §403(a), (b)(4), 90 Stat. 63, 65.

The words "A person, other than a common carrier, that" are added for clarity. Since there is no specific penalty for a violation of 49:5(2)–(13), the penalty of 49:10(1) applies to a violation for which no other penalty is provided. The words "section 11343, 11344, 11345, 11346, or 11347 of this title" are substituted for "paragraphs (2) to (13) of this section" in view of the restatement.

Pub. L. 96–258

A conforming change is made to include the appropriate cross-reference.

Amendments

1980Pub. L. 96–258 inserted reference to section 11351.

Effective Date of 1980 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 96–258 effective Oct. 17, 1978, see section 3(d) of Pub. L. 96–258, set out as a note under section 10525 of this title.

§11913. Disobedience to subpenas

A person not obeying a subpena or requirement of the Interstate Commerce Commission to appear and testify or produce records shall be fined at least $100 but not more than $5,000, imprisoned for not more than one year, or both

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1463.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
11913 49:46. Feb. 11, 1893, ch. 83, §1, 27 Stat. 443; Oct. 15, 1970, Pub. L. 91–452, §245, 84 Stat. 931.
  49:305(d) (related to liability). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 25 Stat. 379, §205(d) (related to liability); added Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 550; Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §20(c)(2), 54 Stat. 922.
  49:916(a) (related to liability). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §316(a) (related to liability); added Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §201, 54 Stat. 946; Oct. 15, 1970, Pub. L. 91–452, §243(b), 84 Stat. 931.
  49:1017(a). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §417(a); added May 16, 1942, ch. 318, §1, 56 Stat. 297; Oct. 15, 1970, Pub. L. 91–452, §243(c), 84 Stat. 931.

The text of 49:305(d), 916(a), and 1017(a) is omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement. The words "not obeying" are substituted for "shall neglect or refuse . . . or to answer any lawful inquiry" to eliminate surplus words. The word "appear" is substituted for "attend" for clarity. The words "if in his power to do so" and "lawful" are omitted as surplus. The word "records" is substituted for "books, papers, or documents" for consistency. The words "guilty of a misdemeanor and, upon conviction thereof" are omitted as unnecessary because of section 1 of title 18, and for consistency.

§11913a. Accounting principles violations

Any rail carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under subchapter I of chapter 105 of this title that fails to obtain final certification of its cost accounting system under section 11164(b) of this title shall be fined not less than $50,000.

(Added Pub. L. 96–448, title III, §303(a)(1), Oct. 14, 1980, 94 Stat. 1938.)

Effective Date

Section effective Oct. 1, 1980, see section 710(a) of Pub. L. 96–448, set out as an Effective Date of 1980 Amendment note under section 10101 of this title.

§11914. General criminal penalty when specific penalty not provided

(a) When another criminal penalty is not provided under this chapter, a common carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under subchapter I of chapter 105 of this title, and when that carrier is a corporation, a director or officer of the corporation, or a receiver, trustee, lessee, or person acting for or employed by the corporation that, alone or with another person, willfully violates this subtitle or an order prescribed under this subtitle, shall be fined not more than $5,000. However, if the violation is for discrimination in rates charged for transportation, the person may be imprisoned for not more than 2 years in addition to being fined under this subsection. A separate violation occurs each day a violation of section 11321(a) or 11342 of this title continues.

(b) When another criminal penalty is not provided under this chapter, a person that knowingly and willfully violates a provision of this subtitle or a regulation or order prescribed under this subtitle, or a condition of a certificate or permit issued under this subtitle related to transportation that is subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II of chapter 105 of this title or subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission before October 15, 1966, or a condition of a certificate of registration issued under section 10530 of this title, shall be fined at least $100 but not more than $500 for the first violation and at least $200 but not more than $500 for a subsequent violation. A separate violation occurs each day the violation continues.

(c) When another criminal penalty is not provided under this chapter, a person that knowingly and willfully violates a provision of this subtitle or a regulation or order prescribed under this subtitle, or a condition of a certificate or permit issued under this subtitle related to transportation that is subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter III of chapter 105 of this title, shall be fined not more than $500. A separate violation occurs each day the violation continues. Trial in a criminal action under this subsection is in the judicial district in which any part of the violation is committed.

(d) When another criminal penalty is not provided under this chapter, a person that knowingly and willfully violates a provision of this subtitle or a regulation or order prescribed under this subtitle or a condition of a permit issued under this subtitle related to service that is subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter IV of chapter 105 of this title, shall be fined not more than $100 for the first violation and not more than $500 for a subsequent violation. A separate violation occurs each day the violation continues.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1463; Pub. L. 96–258, §1(16), June 3, 1980, 94 Stat. 427; Pub. L. 97–424, title IV, §427(b), Jan. 6, 1983, 96 Stat. 2168; Pub. L. 98–216, §2(20), Feb. 14, 1984, 98 Stat. 6; Pub. L. 98–554, title II, §226(c)(7), Oct. 30, 1984, 98 Stat. 2852.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Pub. L. 95–473
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
11914(a) 49:5(1) (words between semicolon and 1st colon). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, §5(1) (words between semicolon and 1st colon), 24 Stat. 380; Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §407, 41 Stat. 480; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543; restated Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §7, 54 Stat. 905.
  49:5(15) (words after semicolon). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §5(15) (words after semicolon); added Aug. 24, 1912, ch. 390, §11, 37 Stat. 567; Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §408, 41 Stat. 482; June 16, 1933, ch. 91, §203, 48 Stat. 220; restated Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §7, 54 Stat. 909; Feb. 5, 1976, Pub. L. 94–210, §403(a), 90 Stat. 63.
  49:10(1). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, §10(1), 24 Stat. 382; Mar. 2, 1889, ch. 382, §2, 25 Stat. 857; restated June 18, 1910, ch. 309, §10, 36 Stat. 549; Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §414, 41 Stat. 483; Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 543.
  49:16(7). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §16(7); added June 29, 1906, ch. 3591, §5, 34 Stat. 591; restated June 18, 1910, ch. 309, §13, 36 Stat. 554; Feb. 28, 1920, ch. 91, §425, 41 Stat. 492.
11914(b) 49:322(a). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §222(a); added Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498, §1, 49 Stat. 564; Aug. 14, 1957, Pub. L. 85–135, §4(1), 71 Stat. 352.
11914(c) 49:915(e). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §315(e); added Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §201, 54 Stat. 946.
  49:917(a). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §317(a); added Sept. 18, 1940, ch. 722, §201, 54 Stat. 947.
11914(d) 49:1016(d). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §416(d); added May 16, 1942, ch. 318, §1, 56 Stat. 297.
  49:1021(a). Feb. 4, 1887, ch. 104, 24 Stat. 379, §421(a); added May 16, 1942, ch. 318, §1, 56 Stat. 298.

In subsection (a), the words "person acting for" are substituted for "agent, or person acting for" as being more inclusive. The word "person" is substituted for "corporation, company, person, or party" for clarity in view of the definition of "person" in section 10102 of the revised title. The words "that . . . violates this subtitle" are substituted for "shall . . . do or cause to be done, or shall . . . suffer or permit to be done, any act, matter, or thing in this chapter prohibited or declared to be unlawful . . . or shall . . . omit or fail to do any act, matter, or thing in this chapter required to be done, or shall cause or . . . suffer or permit any act, matter, or thing so directed or required by this chapter to be done; not to be so done . . . or shall be guilty of any infraction of this chapter" for clarity and to conform to section 2 of title 18. The words "who shall aid or abet therein" are omitted in view of section 2 of title 18. The words "shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and . . . , upon conviction thereof in any district court of the United States within the jurisdiction of which such offense was committed" are omitted as surplus and as unnecessary in view of title 18 and the Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure (18 U.S.C. app.). The word "However" is substituted for "Provided, That" for consistency. The word "violation" is substituted for "offense" for consistency. The words "shall be convicted as aforesaid" are omitted as surplus. The words "discrimination in rates charged" are substituted for "unlawful discrimination in rates, fares, or charges" for clarity and consistency. The words "of passengers or property" are omitted as surplus. The words "or the transmission of intelligence" are omitted as repealed by section 602(b) of the Act of June 19, 1934, ch. 652, 48 Stat. 1102, since those words do not apply to 49:1(5½) or (7), the only remaining provisions related to communication in 49:ch. 1 that were not repealed by that Act. The words "in the penitentiary for a term" are omitted as surplus. The words "in the discretion of the court" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement.

In subsections (b)–(d), the word "order" is substituted for "requirement" as being inclusive. The word "regulation" is substituted for "rule, regulation" for consistency. The word "criminal" is added for clarity. The words "shall, upon conviction thereof" are omitted as surplus.

In subsection (c), the words "Venue in a criminal action under this subsection" are added for clarity. The words "any part of" are substituted for "in whole or in part" for clarity.

Pub. L. 96–258

This amends section 11914(c) to make a technical change for consistency with other sections in chapter 119 and to correct a grammatical error.

Amendments

1984—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 98–554 struck out the comma after "this title" and inserted "or a condition of a certificate of registration issued under section 10530 of this title," after "1966,".

Pub. L. 98–216 substituted "before October 15, 1966" for "prior to enactment of the Department of Transportation Act".

1983—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 97–424 inserted "or subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission prior to enactment of the Department of Transportation Act,".

1980—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 96–258 substituted "Trial" for "Venue" and "is committed" for "was committed".

Effective Date of 1984 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 98–554 effective May 1, 1985, except as otherwise provided, see section 226(d) of Pub. L. 98–554, set out as an Effective Date note under section 10530 of this title.

Effective Date of 1980 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 96–258 effective Oct. 17, 1978, see section 3(d) of Pub. L. 96–258, set out as a note under section 10525 of this title.

§11915. Punishment of corporation for violations committed by certain individuals

An act or omission that would be a violation of this subtitle if committed by a director, officer, receiver, trustee, lessee, agent, or employee of a common carrier providing transportation or service subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under chapter 105 of this title that is a corporation is also a violation of this subtitle by that corporation. The penalties of this chapter apply to that violation. When acting in the scope of their employment, the actions and omissions of individuals acting for or employed by that carrier are considered to be the actions and omissions of that carrier as well as that individual.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1464.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
11915 49:41(1) (1st sentence), (2) (related to corporate violations). Feb. 19, 1903, ch. 708, §1 (1st par. 1st sentence) (2d par. related to corporate violations), 32 Stat. 847; restated June 29, 1906, ch. 3591, §2, 34 Stat. 587.

The words "that would be a violation of this subtitle" are substituted for "would constitute a misdemeanor under said Acts or under sections 41, 42, or 43 of this title" for consistency. The words "providing transportation or service subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission under chapter 105 of this title" are substituted for "subject to the Act to regulate commerce and the Acts amendatory thereof" for consistency. The word "is" is substituted for "shall also be held to be" for clarity. The words "upon conviction thereof" are omitted as surplus. The 2d sentence is substituted for "it shall be subject to like penalties as are prescribed in said Acts or by sections 41, 42, or 43 of this title" for consistency in view of the restatement. The words "except as such penalties are herein changed" are omitted as unnecessary in view of the restatement. The words "in construing and enforcing provisions of this section" are omitted as surplus. The word "omissions" is substituted for "omission, or failure" as being more inclusive.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in section 11126 of this title.

§11916. Conclusiveness of rates in certain prosecutions

When a carrier files with the Interstate Commerce Commission or publishes a particular rate under chapter 107 of this title or participates in one of those rates, the published or filed rate is conclusive proof against that carrier, its officers, and agents that it is the legal rate for that transportation or service in a proceeding begun under section 11902 or 11903 of this title. A departure, or offer to depart, from that rate is a violation of those sections.

(Pub. L. 95–473, Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1464.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
11916 49:41(2) (last sentence). Feb. 19, 1903, ch. 708, §1 (2d par. last sentence), 32 Stat. 847; restated June 29, 1906, ch. 3591, §2, 34 Stat. 587.

The section restates the source provision for clarity. The word "is" is substituted for "shall be . . . deemed to be" for clarity.

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in section 11126 of this title.

§11917. Weight-bumping in household goods transportation

(a) For the purposes of this section, "weight-bumping" means the knowing and willful making or securing of a fraudulent weight on a shipment of household goods which is subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission under subchapter II of chapter 105 of this title.

(b) Any individual who has been found to have committed weight-bumping shall, for each offense, be fined at least $1,000 but not more than $10,000, imprisoned for not more than 2 years, or both.

(Added Pub. L. 96–454, §9(a), Oct. 15, 1980, 94 Stat. 2021.)

Section Referred to in Other Sections

This section is referred to in section 10934 of this title.