TITLE 31-MONEY AND FINANCE

This title was enacted by Pub. L. 97–258, §1, Sept. 13, 1982, 96 Stat. 877

Subtitle

Sec.

General

101

II.

The Budget Process

1101

III.

Financial Management

3101

IV.

Money

5101

General Assistance Administration

6101

VI.

Miscellaneous

9101

Table Showing Disposition of All Sections of Former Title 31
Title 31 Former Sections	Title 31 New Sections
1	Rep.
2	701, 1101
11(a)	1105
11(b), (c)	1106
11(d)–(f)	1105
11(g) (1st–3d sentences)	1106
11(g) (last sentence)–(i) (1st sentence)	1105
11(i) (last sentence), (j)	1108
11(k)(1)	1105
11(k)(2)	1113
11 note	1105
11a	1109
11b	T. 2 §661
11c	1110
11d	1104
12	Rep.
13	1105
14	1107
15	1108
16 (1st sentence)	501
16 (2d, 3d sentences)	502
16 (last sentence related to preparation of budgets and appropriations)	1104
16 (last sentence related to appropriations request)	1108
16a	502
16b	Rep.
16c	502
17(a) (related to employees)	521
17(a) (related to expenses)	522
17(b), (c)	Rep.
18, 18a	1111
18b	1104
18c	1112
19	1105
20	1113
21	1104
22–24	1108
25	1105
26	Rep.
27	1103
28	1114
41	702
42(a) (1st sentence words before comma)	702
42(a) (1st sentence words after comma, last sentence), (b)	703
42a	703
43 (1st par.)	703
43 (2d par. 1st, 2d, 4th, last sentences)	772
43 (2d par. 3d sentence)	779
43 (3d par.)	772
43 (last par.)	775
43a	703
43b(a)–(c)	773
43b(d), (e)	774
43b(f)	776
43b(g)	771
43b(h)	778
43b(i), (j) (less last 13 words before colon)	775
43b(j) (last 13 words before colon)	776
43b(k)	775
43b(l), (m)	776
43b(n), (o)	774
43b(p)	771
43b(q)	773
43b(r)	779
43c	777
44 (1st sentence)	711, 731, 3301, 3323, 3324, 3521, 3522, 3526, 3529, 3531, 3541, 3702, (See §2(b) of Pub. L. 97–258)
44 (2d, last sentences)	3526
45	Rep.
46	704
46a to 48	Rep.
49	3511
49a	5120
50, 51	Rep.
51–1	702
51a, 52(a), (b)	731
52(c), (d)	711
52–1 (related to appointment, pay and assignment)	731
52–1 (related to direct)	711
52–2	732
52–3(a)–(d)	751
52–3(e)–(g)	752
52–3(h)	753
52–3(i)	754
52–3(j), (k)	753
52–3(l)	755
52–3(m)	753
52–4(a)	733
52–4(b)	731
52–5	732
52–6	735
52–7	736
52a	Rep.
52b, 52c	731
53(a) (1st sentence words before 5th comma)	712
53(a) (1st sentence words after 5th comma, last sentence)	719
53(b)	712
53(c)–(e)	719
53(f)	718
54	716
55	Rep.
56	731
57, 58	Rep.
59, 60 (1st sentence)	712
60 (last sentence)	719
61	715
65(a)–(e)	Rep.
65(f)	3511
65a	3501
65b	3521
66(a)	3511
66(b) (less Treasury Department)	3512
66(b) (related to Treasury Department)	3513
66(c)	3512
66a	3512
66b	3513
66c	3326
66d	3514
67(a)–(c)	3523
67(d)(1)–(3)	713
67(d)(4)	719
67(e)(1)–(5), (7)	714
67(e)(6)(A)	719
67(e)(6)(B)	718
67(f)	3524
68	9501
68a	9503
68b	9504
68c, 68d	9502
71 (related to accounts)	3526
71 (related to claims)	3702
71a	3702
72, 73	Rep.
74 (1st, 2d pars., last par. words after 4th comma)	3526
74 (last par. words before 4th comma)	3529
75	3521
76 (1st, last sentences)	3324
76 (2d, 3d sentences)	3323
77	3323
78	3522
79	Rep.
80–80c	3522
81	3522
82	3521
82a	3325
82a–1, 82a–2	3527
82b	3325
82b–1	3521
82c	3528
82d (words before semicolon)	3541
82d (words after semicolon)	3529
82e (related to 31:82b)	3325
82e (related to 31:82c)	3528
82e (related to 31:82d)	3529
82f (related to disbursing officers)	3325
82f (related to certifying officers)	3528
82g (related to disbursing officers)	3322
82g (related to certifying officers)	3528
82h	T. 7 §1032a
82i	3526
82j to 82p	Rep.
83, 84	Rep.
85	T. 48 §1469–1
86	3702
87, 88	Rep.
89–92	3531
93, 94	Rep.
95	T. 10 §4842
95a	3527
95b (related to Army, Navy, Air Force)	T. 10 §2777
95b (related to State Department)	T. 22 §2668
96–102	Rep.
103	T. 10 §2778
103a	T. 10 §2773
103b	T. 10 §2773
104	T. 10 §7861
105	Rep.
106	T. 10 §7862
107	3526
107a	Rep.
108	T. 10 §7231
109–116	Rep.
117	711
118–121	Rep.
122	3702
123 (words before 1st proviso)	3329
123 (provisos)	3330
124 (1st par.)	3329
124 (last par.)	3330
125 (1st par.)	3329
125 (last par.)	3330
126	3329
127	321
128	3329
129–131	3712
132	3328
133	Rep.
134	3328
135	3525
141	301
142–146	Rep.
147 (less disbursement)	3301
147 (related to disbursement)	3323
148–154	Rep.
155	(See former 1003)
156	3333
157	327
161, 162	Rep.
163	329
164–166	Rep.
171	303
172, 173	Rep.
174	5144
175	5155
176	Rep.
177	5114
178, 179	Rep.
180	5141
181	5143
181 note	5142
181a	5142
181b, 181c	5141
181d, 181e	Rep.
191, 192	3713
193	9309
194	Rep.
195	3715
196–199	Rep.
200(a)	1501
200(b), (c)	1108
200(d)	1502
200(e)	1501
201, 202	Rep.
203	3727
204–206	Rep.
207	3714
208–214	Rep.
215	3723
215a	Rep.
216, 217	3723
218–224	Rep.
224a, 224a note	3725
224b, 224b note	3724
224c to 226	Rep.
227	3728
228	Rep.
229	T. 2 §190l
230	T. 2 §190m
231	3729
232(A)–(E)	3730
232(F)	3731
233	3730
234	Rep.
235	3731
236, 237	3702
237a	3712
238, 238 note	3722
239	3727
240(1), (2), (4)	3701
240(3)	3721
241(a)–(d)	3721
241(e)	Rep.
241(f)	3721
242–243a	3721
243a note	3721
244	3726
251 (1st sentence words after 1st comma)	5131
251 (less 1st sentence words after 1st comma)	304
252	Rep.
253	5132
254	Rep.
261	5131
262	Rep.
263	5131
264–271	Rep.
272	5111
273 (1st, 2d sentences)	5132
273 (last sentence)	5122
274	5121
275	5111
276	5112
277	5121
278, 279	5131
280	Rep.
281	5131
282	Rep.
283 (1st sentence)	5131
283 (2d, last sentences)	5133
284–286	Rep.
287	5131
291	Rep.
292	5131
293, 294	Rep.
301–304	Rep.
311–315a	Rep.
315b	5118
316–316d	Rep.
317(a), (b)	5112
317(c)	Rep.
317a, 317b	Rep.
317c	5120
317d to 317e–1	Rep.
317f	321
318–320	Rep.
321	5112
322	5111
323	Rep.
324	5112
324a	5114
324b to 324c	5112
324d, 324e	Rep.
324f	5131
324g	Rep.
324h	5111
324i	Rep.
325	5121
326	Rep.
327–330	5121
331, 332	5122
333	Rep.
334	5122
335	5116
336–339	Rep.
340	5111
341	Rep.
342	5111
343, 344	5121
345	5111
346	5112
347	5121
348, 349	Rep.
350, 351	5113
352	Rep.
353	5111
354–356	5133
357, 358	5122
359	Rep.
360	5121
361 (1st sentence words before 1st comma)	5131
361 (1st sentence words after 1st comma, last sentence)	5132
362	5121
363	Rep.
364	5102
365	5133
366	Rep.
367, 368	5111
369	5132
370	Rep.
371	5101
372	5151
373–388o	Rep.
391(a)	5111
391(b)–(d)	5112
392	5103
393(a)	5111
393(b)	Rep.
394	5116
395, 396	5111
397	321
398(1)–(4), (6)	5112
398(5)	5113
399	5112
401, 402	5115
403	Rep.
404	5119
405, 405a	Rep.
405a–1	5116
405a–2, 405a–3	5119
405b	5117
406–408	Rep.
408a (last proviso)	5117
408a (less last proviso)	5119
408b to 412	Rep.
413–416	5114
417	Rep.
418, 418a	5114
419	5114
420	5119
421, 422	5120
423	Rep.
424	5153
425, 426	5154
427	321
428–430	Rep.
440	Rep.
441	5117
442, 443	Rep.
444 (1st sentence words between 2d and 3d semicolons)	5119
444 (less 1st sentence words between 2d and 3d semicolons)	Rep.
445, 446	Rep.
448–448e	Rep.
449	Rep.
449a	5152
449b, 449c	Rep.
451–455	Rep.
456	5103
457–462	Rep.
463, 463 note	5118
471	Rep.
472	302
473	3303
474–483	Rep.
483a	9701
483b	T. 10 §1042
484	3302
485	Rep.
486	321
486a to 488	Rep.
488a	T. 16 §580o–2
488b to 488b–2	Rep.
488b–3	T. 16 §580o
488b–4	T. 16 §580o–1
488b–5	T. 16 §580o–3
488b–6	T. 16 §580o–4
489	T. 40 §485a (See Rev. T. 40 Table)
489a	T. 10 §2636
490	3302
491	Rep.
492(a)	3322
492(b)–(d)	3332
492 note	3332
492–1	3321
492–2	Rep.
492a–492c	3342
492d	Rep.
493	T. 10 §4841
493a	T. 10 §2776
493b, 494	Rep.
495	3302
495a	Rep.
496, 497	3522
497a	3532
498	3522
499–504b	Rep.
505	3545
506, 507	3541
508	3542
509	Rep.
510–513	3542
514	3541
516	3541
517–519	3543
520	3544
521	3302
522	3304
523, 524	Rep.
525	3302
526	3327
527	3328
528(a)–(c)	3331
528(d)	321
528(e)	Rep.
528(f), (g)	3331
528(h)	Rep.
529	3324
529a	Rep.
529b	T. 19 §2076
529c	T. 19 §2077
529d	T. 19 §2078
529e	T. 19 §2079
529f	T. 19 §2080
529g, 529h	Rep.
529i, 529j	T. 10 §2395
530	Rep.
530a, 530b	3324
531	T. 15 §196
532	T. 28 §571
533	Rep.
534	T. 16 §556d
535	T. 22 §268b
536, 537	T. 10 §2777
538	3526
539, 540	T. 10 §2777
541	3526
542, 543	Rep.
544	3341
545	3302
546	Rep.
547	T. 22 §2668a
547a	9702
548	3305
549	Rep.
550	T. 33 §877
551, 552	1345
553	T. 42 §3514
554	Rep.
555	T. 26 §4986 note
561–563a	3343
564	321
571	Rep.
581	1104
581 note	1303
581a	1104
581b	1108
581c	1531
581c–1	Rep.
581d	3530
582–622	Rep.
623	1104
624–626	Rep.
627, 628	1301
628–1	1532
628–2, 628–3	T. 10 §2779
628a	1534
629–638	Rep.
638a(a)–(c)(1)	1343
638a(c)(2) (1st, last sentences)	1344
638a(c)(2) (2d sentence)	1349
638a(d)	Rep.
638a(e)	1343
638a–1	1343
638b	T. 33 §576a
638c	1343 note
638d, 638e	1343
638f	Elim.
639–649	Rep.
649a	T. 10 §956 note
649b	Rep.
649c	T. 10 §2394
650	Rep.
650a	T. 37 §406
650b to 660	Rep.
661	T. 33 §878
662	T. 16 §754a
663, 663a	Rep.
664	Rep.
665(a)	1341
665(b)	1342
665(c) (less (1) (last sentence))	1512
665(c)(1) (last sentence)	1511
665(d)(1), (2) (1st–4th sentences, 6th sentence 1st–22d words)	1513
665(d)(2) (5th sentence, 6th sentence less 1st–22d words)	1511
665(d)(2) (last sentence related to spending and obligations)	1341
665(d)(2) (last sentence related to voluntary services)	1342
665(d)(2) (last sentence related to price supports)	1511
665(e)	1515
665(f)(1)	1516
665(f)(2)	1511
665(g) (1st sentence)	1513
665(g) (less 1st sentence)	1514
665(h)	1517
665(i)(1) (words before semicolon related to (a), (b))	1549
665(i)(1) (words after semicolon related to (a), (b))	1550
665(i)(1) (words before semicolon related to (h))	1518
665(i)(1) (words after semicolon related to (h))	1519
665(i)(2) (related to (a), (b))	1351
665(i)(2) (related to (h))	1517
665a	1515
665b	1502
666	T. 10 §4541
667	Rep.
668	T. 41 §11a (See Rev. T. 41 Table)
668a	1308
669 (words before semicolon)	1513
669 (words after semicolon)	1341
670	1302
671	T. 2 §§68–2, 95a
671a	Rep.
672, 673	1346
674–678	Rep.
679–680a	1348
681	Rep.
682	1307
683–685	Rep.
685a	1537
686(a)	1535
686(b)	1536
686(c)	1535
686–1	1535
686–2	3324
686a	Rep.
686b(a), (b), (c) (related to 31:686, 686b)	1535
686b(c) (related to 31:686)	1536
686c to 688	Rep.
689	T. 40 §166a–1 (See T. 2 §1861)
690	Rep.
691	1346
692	T. 43 §1470
693	T. 43 §1471
693a	T. 28 §524
694, 695	Rep.
696	1347
697	1533
698	T. 32 §107
698a	T. 37 §1012
699	T. 42 §2459a
699a	1309
699b	T. 5 §3101 note
700	T. 10 §1584 note
700a, 700b	Elim.
700c	Rep.
700d	T. 38 §203
701(a), (b)	1552
701(c) (1st sentence)	1551
701(c) (last sentence), (d)	1552
702	1553
703(a)	1554
703(b)	1556
704	Rep.
705	1552
706	1555
707	1551
708	1557
711(1)–(3)	1305
711(4)–(11)	Rep.
711(11a)–(23)	1305
712	Rep.
712a	1502
712b to 716	Rep.
717, 718	1301
719, 720	Rep.
721	1310
722	T. 2 §30
723, 723a	T. 10 §2661a
724	1306
724a (1st sentence)	1304
724a (last sentence)	T. 39 §409
725	Rep.
725a to 725d	Elim.
725e	Rep.
725f	Elim.
725g	Rep.
725h	T. 24 §21b
725i to 725k	Rep.
725l, 725m	Elim.
725n, 725o	Rep.
725p(a) (last sentence)	331
725p (less (a) (last sentence))	Rep.
725p note	1322
725p–1	1322
725q(a) (last sentence)	331
725q (less (a) (last sentence))	Rep.
725q–1	1322
725q–1a	1324
725q–2	T. 18 §3150a
725r	1323
725s (less (a) (last sentence last proviso))	1321
725s(a) (last sentence last proviso)	1322
725s–1	T. 25 §385a
725s–2	T. 25 §385b
725s–3	T. 25 §385c
725s–4	T. 18 §4043
725t, 725u	Rep.
725v(a)	Rep.
725v(b) (related to marshals)	T. 28 §572a
725v(b) (related to clerks)	T. 28 §2043
725w	1503
725x to 725z	Rep.
731–733 (words before semicolon)	3123
733 (words after semicolon), 734	5116
734a to 738	Rep.
738a	3125
739	3121
740	3127
741	Rep.
741a	324
742, 742a	3124
743–751	Rep.
752 (1st–4th pars. less 2d par. form of bonds)	3102
752 (2d par. related to form of bonds)	3121
752 (last par.)	3107
752a	Rep.
753(a) (less form of notes, certificates of indebtedness, and Treasury bills)	3103
753(a) (related to form of notes, certificates of indebtedness, and Treasury bills)	3121
753(b)	Rep.
753(c)	3103
753(d) (1st sentence)	3108
753(d) (2d sentence)	3123
753(d) (last sentence related to 31:771)	3122
753(d) (last sentence less related to 31:771)	3129
754(a) (less form of certificates of indebtedness and Treasury bills, finality)	3104
754(a) (related to form of certificates of indebtedness and Treasury bills, finality)	3121
754(b)	Rep.
754(c)	T. 12 §221
754(d)	Rep.
754a	3111
754b	3121
755–757	Rep.
757a	(See former 405b)
757b, 757b–1	3101
757b–2	Rep.
757c(a)–(d) (1st sentence)	3105
757c(d) (last sentence)	3108
757c(e)	3129
757c(f), (g)	Rep.
757c(h)	3105
757c(i) (1st–6th sentences)	3126
757c(i) (last sentence)	331
757c(j)	3105
757c–1	Rep.
757c–2(a)–(c) (1st sentence)	3106
757c–2(c) (last sentence)	3108
757c–2(d)	3106
757c–3	3109
757c–4, 757c–5	3121
757d	3128
757e	3113
757f	331
758	3108
759–761	3129
761a to 765	Rep.
766	3123
767	3112
767a	Rep.
767b	3112
768 (words before semicolon)	3123
768 (words after semicolon)	3121
769, 770	Rep.
771, 772	3122
772a	3121
773	Rep.
773a–773d	5118
774	Rep.
801–804	3110
804a to 809	Rep.
821	5301
822	5304
822a(a)–(c)	5302
822a(d)	325
822b	5117, 5119, 5304
823, 824	Rep.
841	Rep.
846	9101
847, 848	9103
849	9104
850	9105
851	9106
852	9109
856	9101
857	9105
858	9106
859	1105
866	9105
867	9107
868 (less (d) (1st sentence related to 31:867))	9108
868(d) (1st sentence related to 31:867)	9107
869(a)	9102
869(b)	Rep.
870	9107
871	Rep.
901–904	3113
911	5119
912, 913	Rep.
914–917	5119
931–937	Rep.
938	5303
951	3701
952(a)–(d)(3)	3711
952(d)(4)	3701
952(e)(1) (1st to 3d sentences)	3717
952(e)(1) (last sentence)	3701
952(e)(2)–(7)	3717
952(e)(8)	3701
952(f)	3718
952 note	3711
953	3711 note
954(a)–(d)	3716
954(e)	3701
955	3719
971–973	Rep.
1001	301
1002 (less words between 4th and 5th semicolons)	321
1002 (words between 4th and 5th semicolons)	331
1003	329
1004–1005a	301
1006, 1007	301
1008	Rep.
1009	301
1010 (related to seal)	301
1010 (related to books, papers, and records)	Rep.
1011	321
1012, 1013	Rep.
1014	328
1015	Rep.
1016	309
1017	321
1018	329
1019	Rep.
1020	1102
1020–1, 1020a	Rep.
1021, 1022	Rep.
1023(a)	321
1023(b)	3302
1023(c)	T. 18 §3059
1024	321
1025	Rep.
1026	330
1027	331
1028	Rep.
1029, 1030	331
1031, 1032	326
1033	322
1034	T. 21 §967
1035	T. 21 §968
1036	T. 21 §969
1037	T. 26 §7802
1038	323
1051	5311
1052(a)–(i)	5312
1052(j)	5319
1052(k)	Rep.
1052(l)	5312
1053	321
1054(a), (b) (1st sentence)	5318
1054(b) (last sentence related to civil penalties)	5321
1054(b) (last sentence related to criminal penalties)	5322
1055	5318
1056	5321
1057	5320
1058, 1059	5322
1060	Rep.
1061	5319
1062	Rep.
1081–1083	5313
1101	5316
1102	5317
1103, 1104	5321
1105	5317
1121, 1122	5314
1141, 1142	5315
1143(a)	5321
1143(b) (words before last comma)	5320
1143(b) (words after last comma)	5321
1151, 1152(a), (b)	1112
1152(c)–(f)	1113
1153(a)–(c)	1113
1153(d)	1112
1154(a)–(c)	717
1154(d) (1st sentence)	702
1154(d) (last sentence)	731
1154(e)	719
1155(a)	702
1155(b)	719
1156	Rep.
1157	717, 719, 720, 1112
1171–1174	719
1175(a)	734
1175(b)	719
1175(c)	734
1176	720
1201	9302
1202	3530
1203, 1204	Rep.
1221	6702
1222, 1223	Rep.
1224(a)(1), (2) (related to trustee)	6703
1224(a)(2) (related to report)	6724
1224(b)	Rep.
1224(c), (d), (e)	6703
1225(a), (b)	6707
1225(c)	Rep.
1226(a)(1)(A)	6705
1226(a)(1)(B)	6707
1226(a)(2)	6705
1226(b)	6706
1226(c)	Rep.
1227(a), (b)(1)	6708
1227(b)(2), (3)	6709
1227(b)(4)	6708
1227(b)(5)	6709
1227(b)(6), (7)	6712
1227(c)	6711
1227(d)	6701
1227(e)	6710
1228(a)(1)	6713
1228(a)(2)	6707
1228(a)(3)	6701
1228(a)(4)	6707
1228(a)(5)	6702
1228(a)(6)	6712
1228(a)(7)	6713
1228(b)	6707
1228(c)(1)	6707
1228(c)(2)(A)	6701
1228(c)(2)(B)	6707
1228(d)	6708
1228(e)	6709
1228(f)(1)	6707
1228(f)(2)	6708
1228(f)(3), (last sentence)	6709
1228(g)	6707
1228(h)	6713
1241(a)	6724
1241(b), (c)	6714
1241(d)	6724
1241(e)	6714, 6724
1241(f)	6724
1241(g)	6714
1242(a)	6716
1242(b)(1)–(3)(B) (1st sentence)	6717
1242(b)(3)(B) (2d sentence)	6718
1242(b)(3)(B) (last sentence)	6717
1242(b)(3)(C)	6718
1242(b)(3)(D), (E)	6717
1242(c)(1)	6701
1242(c)(2), (3) (related to proceedings)	6717
1242(c)(3) (related to suspensions and terminations)	6718
1242(c)(4)	6701
1242(d)	6719
1242(e), (f)	6718
1242(g)	6720
1242(h)	6716
1243(a), (b)	6704
1243(c)	6723
1243(d)	6715
1243 note	7301–7305
1244	6721
1245	6723
1261(a)	6703, 6724
1261(b)(1)–(7)	Rep.
1261(b)(8)	6701
1261(c)	6701
1262(a)	321
1262(b)	Rep.
1263	6722
1264	6713
1265	Rep.
1301	T. 2 §621
1302	T. 2 §622
1303	T. 2 §623
1321	T. 2 §631
1322	T. 2 §632
1323	T. 2 §633
1324	T. 2 §634
1325	T. 2 §635
1326	T. 2 §636
1327	T. 2 §637
1328	T. 2 §638
1329	T. 2 §639
1330	T. 2 §640
1331	T. 2 §641
1332	T. 2 §642
1351	T. 2 §651
1352	T. 2 §652
1353	T. 2 §653
1400	T. 2 §681
1401	T. 2 §682
1402	T. 2 §683
1403	T. 2 §684
1404	T. 2 §685
1405	T. 2 §686
1406	T. 2 §687
1407	T. 2 §688
1501–1510	Rep.
1521–1531	Elim.
1601	6902
1602	6903
1603	6904
1604	6903
1605	6902
1606	6901
1607	6906
1701	6101
1702	Rep.
1703	6102
1704(a)–(c)	6103
1704(d), (e)	6102
1705	6104
1706	Rep.
1707	6105
1801(a)(1)	3902
1801(a)(2)	3903
1801(b)–(d)	3902
1802	3904
1803	3906
1804	3905
1805–1806	3901

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Enacting Clause

Pub. L. 97–258, §1, Sept. 13, 1982, 96 Stat. 877 , provided in part that: "Certain general and permanent laws of the United States, related to money and finance, are revised, codified, and enacted as title 31, United States Code, 'Money and Finance'. . . ."

Legislative Purpose; Inconsistent Provisions

Pub. L. 97–258, §4(a), Sept. 13, 1982, 96 Stat. 1067 , provided that: "Sections 1–3 of this Act restate, without substantive change, laws enacted before April 16, 1982, that were replaced by those sections. Those sections may not be construed as making a substantive change in the laws replaced. Laws enacted after April 15, 1982, that are inconsistent with this Act supersede this Act to the extent of the inconsistency."

References to Other Laws

Pub. L. 97–258, §4(b), Sept. 13, 1982, 96 Stat. 1067 , provided that: "A reference to a law replaced by sections 1–3 of this Act, including a reference in a regulation, order, or other law, is deemed to refer to the corresponding provision enacted by this Act."

Outstanding Orders, Rules, and Regulations

Pub. L. 97–258, §4(c), Sept. 13, 1982, 96 Stat. 1067 , provided that: "An order, rule, or regulation in effect under a law replaced by sections 1–3 of this Act continues in effect under the corresponding provision enacted by this Act until repealed, amended, or superseded."

Savings Provision

Pub. L. 97–258, §4(d), Sept. 13, 1982, 96 Stat. 1067 , provided that: "An action taken or an offense committed under a law replaced by sections 1–3 of this Act is deemed to have been taken or committed under the corresponding provision enacted by this Act."

Legislative Construction

Pub. L. 97–258, §4(e), Sept. 13, 1982, 96 Stat. 1067 , provided that: "An inference of a legislative construction is not to be drawn by reason of the location in the United States Code of a provision enacted by this Act or by reason of the caption or catchline of the provision."

Severability

Pub. L. 97–258, §4(f), Sept. 13, 1982, 96 Stat. 1067 , provided that: "If a provision enacted by this Act is held invalid, all valid provisions that are severable from the invalid provision remain in effect. If a provision of this Act is held invalid in any of its applications, the provision remains valid for all valid applications that are severable from any of the invalid applications."

Repeals

Pub. L. 98–216, §6(a), Feb. 14, 1984, 98 Stat. 7 , provided that: "The repeal of a law enacted by this Act may not be construed as a legislative inference that the provision was or was not in effect before its repeal."

Pub. L. 98–216, §6(b), Feb. 14, 1984, 98 Stat. 7 , repealed specified laws, except for rights and duties that matured, penalties that were incurred, and proceedings that were begun before Feb. 14, 1984.

Pub. L. 97–452, §4(a), Jan. 12, 1983, 96 Stat. 2479 , provided that: "The repeal of a law enacted by this Act may not be construed as a legislative inference that the provision was or was not in effect before its repeal."

Pub. L. 97–452, §4(b), Jan. 12, 1983, 96 Stat. 2480 , repealed specified laws, except for rights and duties that matured, penalties that were incurred, and proceedings that were begun before Jan. 12, 1983.

Pub. L. 97–258, §5(a), Sept. 13, 1982, 96 Stat. 1068 , provided that: "The repeal of a law by this Act may not be construed as a legislative inference that the provision was or was not in effect before its repeal."

Pub. L. 97–258, §5(b), Sept. 13, 1982, 96 Stat. 1068 , repealed the sections or parts thereof of the Revised Statutes or Statutes at Large codified in this title, except for rights and duties that matured, penalties that were incurred, and proceedings that were begun before Sept. 13, 1982.

Improvement of United States Code by Pub. L. 98–216; Legislative Purpose; Inconsistent Provisions; Corresponding Provisions; Savings and Separability of Provisions

Pub. L. 98–216, §5, Feb. 14, 1984, 98 Stat. 7 , provided that:

"(a) Sections 1–4 of this Act restate, without substantive change, laws enacted before April 1, 1983, that were replaced by those sections. Sections 1–4 may not be construed as making a substantive change in the laws replaced. Laws enacted after March 31, 1983, that are inconsistent with this Act supersede this Act to the extent of the inconsistency.

"(b) A reference to a law replaced by sections 1–4 of this Act, including a reference in a regulation, order, or other law, is deemed to refer to the corresponding provision enacted by this Act.

"(c) An order, rule, or regulation in effect under a law replaced by sections 1–4 of this Act continues in effect under the corresponding provision enacted by this Act until repealed, amended, or superseded.

"(d) An action taken or an offense committed under a law replaced by sections 1–4 of this Act is deemed to have been taken or committed under the corresponding provision enacted by this Act.

"(e) An inference of a legislative construction is not to be drawn by reason of the location in the United States Code of a provision enacted by this Act or by reason of the caption or catchline of the provision.

"(f) If a provision enacted by this Act is held invalid, all valid provisions that are severable from the invalid provision remain in effect. If a provision of this Act is held invalid in any of its applications, the provision remains valid for all valid applications that are severable from any of the invalid applications."

Improvement of United States Code by Pub. L. 97–452; Legislative Purpose; Inconsistent Provisions; Corresponding Provisions; Savings and Separability of Provisions

Pub. L. 97–452, §3, Jan. 12, 1983, 96 Stat. 2479 , provided that:

"(a) Sections 1 and 2 of this Act restate, without substantive change, laws enacted before December 1, 1982, that were replaced by those sections. Sections 1 and 2 may not be construed as making a substantive change in the laws replaced. Laws enacted after November 30, 1982, that are inconsistent with this Act supersede this Act to the extent of the inconsistency.

"(b) A reference to a law replaced by sections 1 and 2 of this Act, including a reference in a regulation, order, or other law, is deemed to refer to the corresponding provision enacted by this Act.

"(c) An order, rule, or regulation in effect under a law replaced by sections 1 and 2 of this Act continues in effect under the corresponding provision enacted by this Act until repealed, amended, or superseded.

"(d) An action taken or an offense committed under a law replaced by sections 1 and 2 of this Act is deemed to have been taken or committed under the corresponding provision enacted by this Act.