§1721. General authority
The President shall establish a program under this subchapter to provide agricultural commodities to foreign countries on behalf of the people of the United States to-
(1) address famine or other urgent or extraordinary relief requirements;
(2) combat malnutrition, especially in children and mothers;
(3) carry out activities that attempt to alleviate the causes of hunger, mortality and morbidity;
(4) promote economic and community development;
(5) promote sound environmental practices; and
(6) carry out feeding programs.
Such program shall be implemented by the Administrator.
(July 10, 1954, ch. 469, title II, §201,
Amendments
1990-Pub. L. 101 624 amended section generally, substituting present provisions for provisions requiring President to furnish commodities to meet famine, combat malnutrition, promote economic development in friendly countries, and for needy persons and school lunch and preschool feeding programs, setting minimum quantity for distribution, requiring use of certain distribution networks, requiring President to consider benefits of distributing processed and protein-fortified foods, nutritional needs of recipients, cost effectiveness of particular commodities, and purposes of this subchapter, requiring that 75 percent of commodities distributed be in form of processed or fortified products or bagged commodities, and authorizing waiver of such 75 percent requirement.
1985-Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 99 198, §1102, amended subsec. (b) generally. Prior to amendment, subsec. (b) read as follows: "The minimum quantity of agricultural commodities distributed under this subchapter-
"(1) for fiscal years 1978 through 1980 shall be 1,600,000 metric tons, of which not less than 1,300,000 metric tons shall be distributed through nonprofit voluntary agencies and the World Food Program;
"(2) for fiscal year 1981 shall be 1,650,000 metric tons, of which not less than 1,350,000 metric tons shall be distributed through nonprofit voluntary agencies and the World Food Program; and
"(3) for fiscal year 1982 and each fiscal year thereafter shall be 1,700,000 metric tons, of which not less than 1,200,000 metric tons for nonemergency programs shall be distributed through nonprofit voluntary agencies and the World Food Program, except that for fiscal year 1986 the minimum quantity distributed shall be 1,800,000 metric tons, of which not less than 1,300,000 metric tons for nonemergency programs shall be distributed through nonprofit voluntary agencies and the World Food Program, and for fiscal year 1987 the minimum quantity distributed shall be 1,900,000 metric tons, of which not less than 1,425,000 metric tons for nonemergency programs shall be distributed through nonprofit voluntary agencies and the World Food Program;
unless the President determines and reports to the Congress, together with his reasons, that such quantity cannot be used effectively to carry out the purposes of this subchapter: Provided, That such minimum quantity shall not exceed the total quantity of commodities determined to be available for disposition under this chapter pursuant to section 1731 of this title, less the quantity of commodities required to meet famine or other urgent or extraordinary relief requirements."
Pub. L. 99 83 inserted provisions relating to minimum quantities for fiscal years 1986 and 1987.
Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 99 198, §1103, added subsec. (c).
1981-Subsec. (b)(3). Pub. L. 97 113 substituted "1,200,000 metric tons for nonemergency programs" for "1,400,000 metric tons".
1977-Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 95 88 substituted provisions increasing and setting specific minimums for commodities to be distributed for fiscal years 1978 through 1980, for 1981, and for fiscal year 1982 and each fiscal year thereafter, for provisions which had set a fixed minimum of 1,300,000 tons of agricultural commodities each fiscal year, of which the minimum to be distributed through nonprofit voluntary agencies and the World Food Program was 1,000,000 tons each fiscal year.
1975-Pub. L. 94 161 designated existing provisions as subsec. (a) and added subsec. (b).
1966-Pub. L. 89 808 expanded scope of assistance to include emergency relief without regard to recipient being a friendly people, combating malnutrition in children, promotion of economic and community development in friendly developing areas, and for nonprofit school lunch and preschool feeding programs outside the United States and to be furnished from available commodities rather than surplus agricultural commodities.
1956-Act Aug. 3, 1956, inserted "or extraordinary" after "urgent" wherever appearing.
Act May 28, 1956, struck out "f.o.b. vessels in United States ports," before "as he may request".
Effective Date of 1990 Amendment
Amendment by Pub. L. 101 624 effective Jan. 1, 1991, see section 1513 of Pub. L. 101 624, set out as a note under section 1691 of this title.
Effective Date of 1985 Amendment
Amendment by Pub. L. 99 83 effective Oct. 1, 1985, see section 1301 of Pub. L. 99 83, set out as a note under section 2151 1 of Title 22, Foreign Relations and Intercourse.
Effective Date of 1977 Amendment
Amendment by Pub. L. 95 88 effective Oct. 1, 1977, see section 215 of Pub. L. 95 88, set out as a note under section 1702 of this title.
Effective Date of 1966 Amendment
Amendment by Pub. L. 89 808 effective Jan. 1, 1967, see section 5 of Pub. L. 89 808, set out as a note under section 1691 of this title.
Authorization for Commodity Credit Corporation To Purchase and Donate Flour and Cornmeal
Pub. L. 85 683, Aug. 19, 1958,
Implementation of Program
Program under this subchapter to provide for donation of agricultural commodities to foreign countries to be implemented by Administrator of the Agency for International Development, see Ex. Ord. No. 12752, §1(b), Feb. 25, 1991, 56 F.R. 8255, set out as a note under section 1691 of this title.