15 USC Ch. 1: Front Matter
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15 USC Ch. 1: Front Matter
From Title 15-COMMERCE AND TRADECHAPTER 1-MONOPOLIES AND COMBINATIONS IN RESTRAINT OF TRADE

CHAPTER 1-MONOPOLIES AND COMBINATIONS IN RESTRAINT OF TRADE

Sec.
1.
Trusts, etc., in restraint of trade illegal; penalty.
2.
Monopolizing trade a felony; penalty.
3.
Trusts in Territories or District of Columbia illegal; combination a felony.
4.
Jurisdiction of courts; duty of United States attorneys; procedure.
5.
Bringing in additional parties.
6.
Forfeiture of property in transit.
6a.
Conduct involving trade or commerce with foreign nations.
7.
"Person" or "persons" defined.
8.
Trusts in restraint of import trade illegal; penalty.
9.
Jurisdiction of courts; duty of United States attorneys; procedure.
10.
Bringing in additional parties.
11.
Forfeiture of property in transit.
12.
Definitions; short title.
13.
Discrimination in price, services, or facilities.
(a)
Price; selection of customers.
(b)
Burden of rebutting prima-facie case of discrimination.
(c)
Payment or acceptance of commission, brokerage, or other compensation.
(d)
Payment for services or facilities for processing or sale.
(e)
Furnishing services or facilities for processing, handling, etc.
(f)
Knowingly inducing or receiving discriminatory price.
13a.
Discrimination in rebates, discounts, or advertising service charges; underselling in particular localities; penalties.
13b.
Cooperative association; return of net earnings or surplus.
13c.
Exemption of non-profit institutions from price discrimination provisions.
14.
Sale, etc., on agreement not to use goods of competitor.
15.
Suits by persons injured.
(a)
Amount of recovery; prejudgment interest.
(b)
Amount of damages payable to foreign states and instrumentalities of foreign states.
(c)
Definitions.
15a.
Suits by United States; amount of recovery; prejudgment interest.
15b.
Limitation of actions.
15c.
Actions by State attorneys general.
(a)
Parens patriae; monetary relief; damages; prejudgment interest.
(b)
Notice; exclusion election; final judgment.
(c)
Dismissal or compromise of action.
(d)
Attorneys' fees.
15d.
Measurement of damages.
15e.
Distribution of damages.
15f.
Actions by Attorney General.
(a)
Notification to State attorney general.
(b)
Availability of files and other materials.
15g.
Definitions.
15h.
Applicability of parens patriae actions.
16.
Judgments.
(a)
Prima facie evidence; collateral estoppel.
(b)
Consent judgments and competitive impact statements; publication in Federal Register; availability of copies to the public.
(c)
Publication of summaries in newspapers.
(d)
Consideration of public comments by Attorney General and publication of response.
(e)
Public interest determination.
(f)
Procedure for public interest determination.
(g)
Filing of written or oral communications with the district court.
(h)
Inadmissibility as evidence of proceedings before the district court and the competitive impact statement.
(i)
Suspension of limitations.
17.
Antitrust laws not applicable to labor organizations.
18.
Acquisition by one corporation of stock of another.
18a.
Premerger notification and waiting period.
(a)
Filing.
(b)
Waiting period; publication; voting securities.
(c)
Exempt transactions.
(d)
Commission rules.
(e)
Additional information; waiting period extensions.
(f)
Preliminary injunctions; hearings.
(g)
Civil penalty; compliance; power of court.
(h)
Disclosure exemption.
(i)
Construction with other laws.
(j)
Omitted.
(k)
Extensions of time.
19.
Interlocking directorates and officers.
19a, 20.
Repealed.
21.
Enforcement provisions.
(a)
Commission, Board, or Secretary authorized to enforce compliance.
(b)
Issuance of complaints for violations; hearing; intervention; filing of testimony; report; cease and desist orders; reopening and alteration of reports or orders.
(c)
Review of orders; jurisdiction; filing of petition and record of proceeding; conclusiveness of findings; additional evidence; modification of findings; finality of judgment and decree.
(d)
Exclusive jurisdiction of Court of Appeals.
(e)
Liability under antitrust laws.
(f)
Service of complaints, orders and other processes.
(g)
Finality of orders generally.
(h)
Finality of orders modified by Supreme Court.
(i)
Finality of orders modified by Court of Appeals.
(j)
Finality of orders issued on rehearing ordered by Court of Appeals or Supreme Court.
(k)
"Mandate" defined.
(l)
Penalties.
21a.
Actions and proceedings pending prior to June 19, 1936; additional and continuing violations.
22.
District in which to sue corporation.
23.
Suits by United States; subpoenas for witnesses.
24.
Liability of directors and agents of corporation.
25.
Restraining violations; procedure.
26.
Injunctive relief for private parties; exception; costs.
26a.
Restrictions on the purchase of gasohol and synthetic motor fuel.
(a)
Limitations on the use of credit instruments; sales, resales, and transfers.
(b)
Credit fees; equivalent conventional motor fuel sales; labeling of pumps; product liability disclaimers; advertising support; furnishing facilities.
(c)
"United States" defined.
27.
Effect of partial invalidity.
27a.
Application of antitrust laws to professional major league baseball.
(a)
Major league baseball subject to antitrust laws.
(b)
Limitation of section.
(c)
Standing to sue.
(d)
Conduct, acts, practices, or agreements subject to antitrust laws.
28.
Repealed.
29.
Appeals.
(a)
Court of appeals; review by Supreme Court.
(b)
Direct appeals to Supreme Court.
30.
Depositions for use in suits in equity; proceedings open to public.
31.
Panama Canal closed to violators of antitrust laws.
32, 33.
Repealed.
34.
Definitions applicable to sections 34 to 36.
35.
Recovery of damages, etc., for antitrust violations from any local government, or official or employee thereof acting in an official capacity.
(a)
Prohibition in general.
(b)
Preconditions for attachment of prohibition; prima facie evidence for nonapplication of prohibition.
36.
Recovery of damages, etc., for antitrust violations on claim against person based on official action directed by local government, or official or employee thereof acting in an official capacity.
(a)
Prohibition in general.
(b)
Nonapplication of prohibition for cases commenced before effective date of provisions.
37.
Immunity from antitrust laws.
(a)
Inapplicability of antitrust laws.
(b)
Immunity.
(c)
Treatment of certain annuities and trusts.
(d)
Limitation.
37a.
Definitions.

        

Historical Note

This chapter includes among other statutory provisions the Sherman Act, comprising sections 1 to 7 of this title, the Clayton Act, comprising sections 12, 13, 14 to 19, 20, 21, and 22 to 27 of this title and sections 52 and 53 of Title 29, Labor, the Wilson Tariff Act, comprising sections 8 and 9 of this title, the Robinson-Patman Price Discrimination Act, comprising sections 13, 13a, 13b, and 21a of this title, the "Expediting Act", sections 28 and 29 of this title, and the "Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act of 1976", comprising sections 15c to 15h, 18a, and 66 of this title. For complete classification of the Hart-Scott-Rodino Act, see Short Title note under section 1 of this title.

Congressional Investigation of Monopoly

Joint Res. June 16, 1938, ch. 456, 52 Stat. 705 , created a Temporary National Economic Committee which was authorized to make a full investigation on monopoly and the concentration of economic power in and financial control over production and distribution of goods and services. The time for submitting the final report under Joint Res. June 16, 1938, ch. 456, 52 Stat. 705, as amended Apr. 26, 1939, ch. 104, §§1, 2, 53 Stat. 624 , was extended to Apr. 3, 1941, by Joint Res. Dec. 16, 1940, ch. 932, 54 Stat. 1225 . The committee's report was presented to Congress on Mar. 31, 1941, and was published in Senate Document No. 35.

Executive Order No. 12022

Ex. Ord. No. 12022, Dec. 1, 1977, 42 F.R. 61441, as amended by Ex. Ord. No. 12052, Apr. 7, 1978, 43 F.R. 15133, which related to the National Commission for the Review of Antitrust Laws and Procedures, was revoked by Ex. Ord. No. 12258, Dec. 31, 1980, 46 F.R. 1251, set out as a note under section 14 of the Appendix to Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.

Antitrust Acts and Laws Defined in Other Sections

Antitrust acts and laws are defined in sections 12, 44, 1311, 1802, 3301, 3503, 4002, 4021, 4301, 6211 of this title; title 10 section 7430; title 12 sections 1828, 1831u, 1841, 1849; title 16 section 2602; title 17 section 109; title 28 section 1407; title 30 sections 184, 1413; title 33 section 1502; title 40 section 488; title 42 sections 5417, 5909, 6202, 8235f, 9102; title 43 sections 1331, 1770; title 45 section 791; title 46 App. section 1702; title 49 sections 10706, 41308; title 50 App. sections 1941a, 2158.