Part B—Program Administration
Part Referred to in Other Sections
This part is referred to in
§7384l. Definitions for program administration
In this subchapter:
(1) The term "covered employee" means any of the following:
(A) A covered beryllium employee.
(B) A covered employee with cancer.
(C) To the extent provided in
(2) The term "atomic weapon" has the meaning given that term in
(3) The term "atomic weapons employee" means an individual employed by an atomic weapons employer during a period when the employer was processing or producing, for the use by the United States, material that emitted radiation and was used in the production of an atomic weapon, excluding uranium mining and milling.
(4) The term "atomic weapons employer" means an entity, other than the United States, that—
(A) processed or produced, for use by the United States, material that emitted radiation and was used in the production of an atomic weapon, excluding uranium mining and milling; and
(B) is designated by the Secretary of Energy as an atomic weapons employer for purposes of the compensation program.
(5) The term "atomic weapons employer facility" means a facility, owned by an atomic weapons employer, that is or was used to process or produce, for use by the United States, material that emitted radiation and was used in the production of an atomic weapon, excluding uranium mining or milling.
(6) The term "beryllium vendor" means any of the following:
(A) Atomics International.
(B) Brush Wellman, Incorporated, and its predecessor, Brush Beryllium Company.
(C) General Atomics.
(D) General Electric Company.
(E) NGK Metals Corporation and its predecessors, Kawecki-Berylco, Cabot Corporation, BerylCo, and Beryllium Corporation of America.
(F) Nuclear Materials and Equipment Corporation.
(G) StarMet Corporation and its predecessor, Nuclear Metals, Incorporated.
(H) Wyman Gordan, Incorporated.
(I) Any other vendor, processor, or producer of beryllium or related products designated as a beryllium vendor for purposes of the compensation program under
(7) The term "covered beryllium employee" means the following, if and only if the employee is determined to have been exposed to beryllium in the performance of duty in accordance with
(A) A current or former employee (as that term is defined in
(B) A current or former employee of—
(i) any entity that contracted with the Department of Energy to provide management and operation, management and integration, or environmental remediation of a Department of Energy facility; or
(ii) any contractor or subcontractor that provided services, including construction and maintenance, at such a facility.
(C) A current or former employee of a beryllium vendor, or of a contractor or subcontractor of a beryllium vendor, during a period when the vendor was engaged in activities related to the production or processing of beryllium for sale to, or use by, the Department of Energy.
(8) The term "covered beryllium illness" means any of the following:
(A) Beryllium sensitivity as established by an abnormal beryllium lymphocyte proliferation test performed on either blood or lung lavage cells.
(B) Established chronic beryllium disease.
(C) Any injury, illness, impairment, or disability sustained as a consequence of a covered beryllium illness referred to in subparagraph (A) or (B).
(9) The term "covered employee with cancer" means any of the following:
(A) An individual with a specified cancer who is a member of the Special Exposure Cohort, if and only if that individual contracted that specified cancer after beginning employment at a Department of Energy facility (in the case of a Department of Energy employee or Department of Energy contractor employee) or at an atomic weapons employer facility (in the case of an atomic weapons employee).
(B)(i) An individual with cancer specified in subclause (I), (II), or (III) of clause (ii), if and only if that individual is determined to have sustained that cancer in the performance of duty in accordance with
(ii) Clause (i) applies to any of the following:
(I) A Department of Energy employee who contracted that cancer after beginning employment at a Department of Energy facility.
(II) A Department of Energy contractor employee who contracted that cancer after beginning employment at a Department of Energy facility.
(III) An atomic weapons employee who contracted that cancer after beginning employment at an atomic weapons employer facility.
(10) The term "Department of Energy" includes the predecessor agencies of the Department of Energy, including the Manhattan Engineering District.
(11) The term "Department of Energy contractor employee" means any of the following:
(A) An individual who is or was in residence at a Department of Energy facility as a researcher for one or more periods aggregating at least 24 months.
(B) An individual who is or was employed at a Department of Energy facility by—
(i) an entity that contracted with the Department of Energy to provide management and operating, management and integration, or environmental remediation at the facility; or
(ii) a contractor or subcontractor that provided services, including construction and maintenance, at the facility.
(12) The term "Department of Energy facility" means any building, structure, or premise, including the grounds upon which such building, structure, or premise is located—
(A) in which operations are, or have been, conducted by, or on behalf of, the Department of Energy (except for buildings, structures, premises, grounds, or operations covered by Executive Order No. 12344, dated February 1, 1982 (
(B) with regard to which the Department of Energy has or had—
(i) a proprietary interest; or
(ii) entered into a contract with an entity to provide management and operation, management and integration, environmental remediation services, construction, or maintenance services.
(13) The term "established chronic beryllium disease" means chronic beryllium disease as established by the following:
(A) For diagnoses on or after January 1, 1993, beryllium sensitivity (as established in accordance with paragraph (8)(A)), together with lung pathology consistent with chronic beryllium disease, including—
(i) a lung biopsy showing granulomas or a lymphocytic process consistent with chronic beryllium disease;
(ii) a computerized axial tomography scan showing changes consistent with chronic beryllium disease; or
(iii) pulmonary function or exercise testing showing pulmonary deficits consistent with chronic beryllium disease.
(B) For diagnoses before January 1, 1993, the presence of—
(i) occupational or environmental history, or epidemiologic evidence of beryllium exposure; and
(ii) any three of the following criteria:
(I) Characteristic chest radiographic (or computed tomography (CT)) abnormalities.
(II) Restrictive or obstructive lung physiology testing or diffusing lung capacity defect.
(III) Lung pathology consistent with chronic beryllium disease.
(IV) Clinical course consistent with a chronic respiratory disorder.
(V) Immunologic tests showing beryllium sensitivity (skin patch test or beryllium blood test preferred).
(14) The term "member of the Special Exposure Cohort" means a Department of Energy employee, Department of Energy contractor employee, or atomic weapons employee who meets any of the following requirements:
(A) The employee was so employed for a number of work days aggregating at least 250 work days before February 1, 1992, at a gaseous diffusion plant located in Paducah, Kentucky, Portsmouth, Ohio, or Oak Ridge, Tennessee, and, during such employment—
(i) was monitored through the use of dosimetry badges for exposure at the plant of the external parts of employee's body to radiation; or
(ii) worked in a job that had exposures comparable to a job that is or was monitored through the use of dosimetry badges.
(B) The employee was so employed before January 1, 1974, by the Department of Energy or a Department of Energy contractor or subcontractor on Amchitka Island, Alaska, and was exposed to ionizing radiation in the performance of duty related to the Long Shot, Milrow, or Cannikin underground nuclear tests.
(C)(i) Subject to clause (ii), the employee is an individual designated as a member of the Special Exposure Cohort by the President for purposes of the compensation program under
(ii) A designation under clause (i) shall, unless Congress otherwise provides, take effect on the date that is 180 days after the date on which the President submits to Congress a report identifying the individuals covered by the designation and describing the criteria used in designating those individuals.
(15) The term "occupational illness" means a covered beryllium illness, cancer referred to in paragraph (9)(B), specified cancer, or chronic silicosis, as the case may be.
(16) The term "radiation" means ionizing radiation in the form of—
(A) alpha particles;
(B) beta particles;
(C) neutrons;
(D) gamma rays; or
(E) accelerated ions or subatomic particles from accelerator machines.
(17) The term "specified cancer" means any of the following:
(A) A specified disease, as that term is defined in section 4(b)(2) of the Radiation Exposure Compensation Act (
(B) Bone cancer.
(18) The term "survivor" means any individual or individuals eligible to receive compensation pursuant to
(
References in Text
Section 4(b)(2) of the Radiation Exposure Compensation Act, referred to in par. (17)(A), is section 4(b)(2) of
Section Referred to in Other Sections
This section is referred to in
§7384m. Expansion of list of beryllium vendors
Not later than December 31, 2002, the President may, in consultation with the Secretary of Energy, designate as a beryllium vendor for purposes of
(
Delegation of Functions
For delegation of certain functions of the President under this section, see Ex. Ord. No. 13179, Dec. 7, 2000, 65 F.R. 77487, set out as a note under
Section Referred to in Other Sections
This section is referred to in
§7384n. Exposure in the performance of duty
(a) Beryllium
A covered beryllium employee shall, in the absence of substantial evidence to the contrary, be determined to have been exposed to beryllium in the performance of duty for the purposes of the compensation program if, and only if, the covered beryllium employee was—
(1) employed at a Department of Energy facility; or
(2) present at a Department of Energy facility, or a facility owned and operated by a beryllium vendor, because of employment by the United States, a beryllium vendor, or a contractor or subcontractor of the Department of Energy,
during a period when beryllium dust, particles, or vapor may have been present at such facility.
(b) Cancer
An individual with cancer specified in subclause (I), (II), or (III) of
(c) Guidelines
(1) For purposes of the compensation program, the President shall by regulation establish guidelines for making the determinations required by subsection (b) of this section.
(2) The President shall establish such guidelines after technical review by the Advisory Board on Radiation and Worker Health under
(3) Such guidelines shall—
(A) be based on the radiation dose received by the employee (or a group of employees performing similar work) at such facility and the upper 99 percent confidence interval of the probability of causation in the radioepidemiological tables published under section 7(b) of the Orphan Drug Act (
(B) incorporate the methods established under subsection (d) of this section; and
(C) take into consideration the type of cancer, past health-related activities (such as smoking), information on the risk of developing a radiation-related cancer from workplace exposure, and other relevant factors.
(d) Methods for radiation dose reconstructions
(1) The President shall, through any Federal agency (other than the Department of Energy) or official (other than the Secretary of Energy or any other official within the Department of Energy) that the President may designate, establish by regulation methods for arriving at reasonable estimates of the radiation doses received by an individual specified in subparagraph (B) of
(A) An employee who was not monitored for exposure to radiation at such facility.
(B) An employee who was monitored inadequately for exposure to radiation at such facility.
(C) An employee whose records of exposure to radiation at such facility are missing or incomplete.
(2) The President shall establish an independent review process using the Advisory Board on Radiation and Worker Health to—
(A) assess the methods established under paragraph (1); and
(B) verify a reasonable sample of the doses established under paragraph (1).
(e) Information on radiation doses
(1) The Secretary of Energy shall provide, to each covered employee with cancer specified in
(2) The Secretary of Health and Human Services and the Secretary of Energy shall each make available to researchers and the general public information on the assumptions, methodology, and data used in establishing radiation doses under subsection (d) of this section. The actions taken under this paragraph shall be consistent with the protection of private medical records.
(
References in Text
Section 7(b) of the Orphan Drug Act, referred to in subsec. (c)(3)(A), is section 7(b) of
Delegation of Functions
For delegation of certain functions of the President under this section, see Ex. Ord. No. 13179, Dec. 7, 2000, 65 F.R. 77487, set out as a note under
Section Referred to in Other Sections
This section is referred to in
§7384o. Advisory Board on Radiation and Worker Health
(a) Establishment
(1) Not later than 120 days after October 30, 2000, the President shall establish and appoint an Advisory Board on Radiation and Worker Health (in this section referred to as the "Board").
(2) The President shall make appointments to the Board in consultation with organizations with expertise on worker health issues in order to ensure that the membership of the Board reflects a balance of scientific, medical, and worker perspectives.
(3) The President shall designate a Chair for the Board from among its members.
(b) Duties
The Board shall advise the President on—
(1) the development of guidelines under
(2) the scientific validity and quality of dose estimation and reconstruction efforts being performed for purposes of the compensation program; and
(3) such other matters related to radiation and worker health in Department of Energy facilities as the President considers appropriate.
(c) Staff
(1) The President shall appoint a staff to facilitate the work of the Board. The staff shall be headed by a Director who shall be appointed under subchapter VIII of
(2) The President may accept as staff of the Board personnel on detail from other Federal agencies. The detail of personnel under this paragraph may be on a nonreimbursable basis.
(d) Expenses
Members of the Board, other than full-time employees of the United States, while attending meetings of the Board or while otherwise serving at the request of the President, while serving away from their homes or regular places of business, shall be allowed travel and meal expenses, including per diem in lieu of subsistence, as authorized by
(
Termination of Advisory Boards
Advisory boards established after Jan. 5, 1973, to terminate not later than the expiration of the 2-year period beginning on the date of their establishment, unless, in the case of a board established by the President or an officer of the Federal Government, such board is renewed by appropriate action prior to the expiration of such 2-year period, or in the case of a board established by Congress, its duration is otherwise provided by law. See sections 3(2) and 14 of
Section Referred to in Other Sections
This section is referred to in
§7384p. Responsibilities of Secretary of Health and Human Services
The Secretary of Health and Human Services shall carry out that Secretary's responsibilities with respect to the compensation program with the assistance of the Director of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health.
(
§7384q. Designation of additional members of special exposure cohort
(a) Advice on additional members
(1) The Advisory Board on Radiation and Worker Health under
(2) The advice of the Advisory Board on Radiation and Worker Health under paragraph (1) shall be based on exposure assessments by radiation health professionals, information provided by the Department of Energy, and such other information as the Advisory Board considers appropriate.
(3) The President shall request advice under paragraph (1) after consideration of petitions by classes of employees described in that paragraph for such advice. The President shall consider such petitions pursuant to procedures established by the President.
(b) Designation of additional members
Subject to the provisions of
(1) it is not feasible to estimate with sufficient accuracy the radiation dose that the class received; and
(2) there is a reasonable likelihood that such radiation dose may have endangered the health of members of the class.
(c) Access to information
The Secretary of Energy shall provide, in accordance with law, the Secretary of Health and Human Services and the members and staff of the Advisory Board on Radiation and Worker Health access to relevant information on worker exposures, including access to Restricted Data (as defined in
(
Section Referred to in Other Sections
This section is referred to in
1 So in original. A closing parenthesis should probably follow "title".
§7384r. Separate treatment of chronic silicosis
(a) Sense of Congress
Congress finds that employees who worked in Department of Energy test sites and later contracted chronic silicosis should also be considered for inclusion in the compensation program. Recognizing that chronic silicosis resulting from exposure to silica is not a condition unique to the nuclear weapons industry, it is not the intent of Congress with this subchapter to establish a precedent on the question of chronic silicosis as a compensable occupational disease. Consequently, it is the sense of Congress that a further determination by the President is appropriate before these workers are included in the compensation program.
(b) Certification by President
A covered employee with chronic silicosis shall be treated as a covered employee (as defined in
(c) Exposure to silica in the performance of duty
A covered employee shall, in the absence of substantial evidence to the contrary, be determined to have been exposed to silica in the performance of duty for the purposes of the compensation program if, and only if, the employee was present for a number of work days aggregating at least 250 work days during the mining of tunnels at a Department of Energy facility located in Nevada or Alaska for tests or experiments related to an atomic weapon.
(d) Covered employee with chronic silicosis
For purposes of this subchapter, the term "covered employee with chronic silicosis" means a Department of Energy employee, or a Department of Energy contractor employee, with chronic silicosis who was exposed to silica in the performance of duty as determined under subsection (c) of this section.
(e) Chronic silicosis
For purposes of this subchapter, the term "chronic silicosis" means a nonmalignant lung disease if—
(1) the initial occupational exposure to silica dust preceded the onset of silicosis by at least 10 years; and
(2) a written diagnosis of silicosis is made by a medical doctor and is accompanied by—
(A) a chest radiograph, interpreted by an individual certified by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health as a B reader, classifying the existence of pneumoconioses of category 1/1 or higher;
(B) results from a computer assisted tomograph or other imaging technique that are consistent with silicosis; or
(C) lung biopsy findings consistent with silicosis.
(
Section Referred to in Other Sections
This section is referred to in
§7384s. Compensation and benefits to be provided
(a) Compensation provided
(1) Except as provided in paragraph (2), a covered employee, or the survivor of that covered employee if the employee is deceased, shall receive compensation for the disability or death of that employee from that employee's occupational illness in the amount of $150,000.
(2) A covered employee shall, to the extent that employee's occupational illness is established beryllium sensitivity, receive beryllium sensitivity monitoring under subsection (c) of this section in lieu of compensation under paragraph (1).
(b) Medical benefits
A covered employee shall receive medical benefits under
(c) Beryllium sensitivity monitoring
An individual receiving beryllium sensitivity monitoring under this subsection shall receive the following:
(1) A thorough medical examination to confirm the nature and extent of the individual's established beryllium sensitivity.
(2) Regular medical examinations thereafter to determine whether that individual has developed established chronic beryllium disease.
(d) Payment from compensation fund
The compensation provided under this section, when authorized or approved by the President, shall be paid from the compensation fund established under
(e) Survivors
(1) Subject to the provisions of this section, if a covered employee dies before the effective date specified in subsection (f) of this section, whether or not the death is a result of that employee's occupational illness, a survivor of that employee may, on behalf of that survivor and any other survivors of that employee, receive the compensation provided for under this section.
(2) The right to receive compensation under this section shall be afforded to survivors in the same order of precedence as that set forth in
(f) Effective date
This section shall take effect on July 31, 2001, unless Congress otherwise provides in an Act enacted before that date.
(
§7384t. Medical benefits
(a) Medical benefits provided
The United States shall furnish, to an individual receiving medical benefits under this section for an illness, the services, appliances, and supplies prescribed or recommended by a qualified physician for that illness, which the President considers likely to cure, give relief, or reduce the degree or the period of that illness.
(b) Persons furnishing benefits
(1) These services, appliances, and supplies shall be furnished by or on the order of United States medical officers and hospitals, or, at the individual's option, by or on the order of physicians and hospitals designated or approved by the President.
(2) The individual may initially select a physician to provide medical services, appliances, and supplies under this section in accordance with such regulations and instructions as the President considers necessary.
(c) Transportation and expenses
The individual may be furnished necessary and reasonable transportation and expenses incident to the securing of such services, appliances, and supplies.
(d) Commencement of benefits
An individual receiving benefits under this section shall be furnished those benefits as of the date on which that individual submitted the claim for those benefits in accordance with this subchapter.
(e) Payment from compensation fund
The benefits provided under this section, when authorized or approved by the President, shall be paid from the compensation fund established under
(f) Effective date
This section shall take effect on July 31, 2001, unless Congress otherwise provides in an Act enacted before that date.
(
Section Referred to in Other Sections
This section is referred to in
§7384u. Separate treatment of certain uranium employees
(a) Compensation provided
An individual who receives, or has received, $100,000 under section 5 of the Radiation Exposure Compensation Act (
(b) Medical benefits
A covered uranium employee shall receive medical benefits under
(c) Coordination with RECA
The compensation and benefits provided in subsections (a) and (b) of this section are separate from any compensation or benefits provided under that Act.
(d) Payment from compensation fund
The compensation provided under this section, when authorized or approved by the President, shall be paid from the compensation fund established under
(e) Survivors
(1) Subject to the provisions of this section, if a covered uranium employee dies before the effective date specified in subsection (g) of this section, whether or not the death is a result of the illness specified in subsection (b) of this section, a survivor of that employee may, on behalf of that survivor and any other survivors of that employee, receive the compensation provided for under this section.
(2) The right to receive compensation under this section shall be afforded to survivors in the same order of precedence as that set forth in
(f) Procedures required
The President shall establish procedures to identify and notify each covered uranium employee, or the survivor of that covered uranium employee if that employee is deceased, of the availability of compensation and benefits under this section.
(g) Effective date
This section shall take effect on July 31, 2001, unless Congress otherwise provides in an Act enacted before that date.
(
References in Text
The Radiation Exposure Compensation Act, referred to in subsecs. (a) to (c), is
Section Referred to in Other Sections
This section is referred to in
§7384v. Assistance for claimants and potential claimants
(a) Assistance for claimants
The President shall, upon the receipt of a request for assistance from a claimant under the compensation program, provide assistance to the claimant in connection with the claim, including—
(1) assistance in securing medical testing and diagnostic services necessary to establish the existence of a covered beryllium illness, chronic silicosis, or cancer; and
(2) such other assistance as may be required to develop facts pertinent to the claim.
(b) Assistance for potential claimants
The President shall take appropriate actions to inform and assist covered employees who are potential claimants under the compensation program, and other potential claimants under the compensation program, of the availability of compensation under the compensation program, including actions to—
(1) ensure the ready availability, in paper and electronic format, of forms necessary for making claims;
(2) provide such covered employees and other potential claimants with information and other support necessary for making claims, including—
(A) medical protocols for medical testing and diagnosis to establish the existence of a covered beryllium illness, chronic silicosis, or cancer; and
(B) lists of vendors approved for providing laboratory services related to such medical testing and diagnosis; and
(3) provide such additional assistance to such covered employees and other potential claimants as may be required for the development of facts pertinent to a claim.
(c) Information from beryllium vendors and other contractors
As part of the assistance program provided under subsections (a) and (b) of this section, and as permitted by law, the Secretary of Energy shall, upon the request of the President, require a beryllium vendor or other Department of Energy contractor or subcontractor to provide information relevant to a claim or potential claim under the compensation program to the President.
(
Delegation of Functions
For delegation of certain functions of the President under this section, see Ex. Ord. No. 13179, Dec. 7, 2000, 65 F.R. 77487, set out as a note under