SUBCHAPTER VII—INDIAN, NATIVE HAWAIIAN, AND ALASKA NATIVE EDUCATION
Codification
Title VII of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965, comprising this subchapter, was originally enacted as part of
Part A—Indian Education
§7401. Statement of policy
It is the policy of the United States to fulfill the Federal Government's unique and continuing trust relationship with and responsibility to the Indian people for the education of Indian children. The Federal Government will continue to work with local educational agencies, Indian tribes and organizations, postsecondary institutions, and other entities toward the goal of ensuring that programs that serve Indian children are of the highest quality and provide for not only the basic elementary and secondary educational needs, but also the unique educational and culturally related academic needs of these children.
(
Prior Provisions
A prior section 7401,
Savings Provisions
Executive Order No. 13096
Ex. Ord. No. 13096, Aug. 6, 1998, 63 F.R. 42681, which related to American Indian and Alaska Native education, was revoked by Ex. Ord. No. 13336, §9(b), Apr. 30, 2004, 69 F.R. 25297, set out as a note below.
Ex. Ord. No. 13336. American Indian and Alaska Native Education
Ex. Ord. No. 13336, Apr. 30, 2004, 69 F.R. 25295, provided:
By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and the laws of the United States of America, and to recognize the unique educational and culturally related academic needs of American Indian and Alaska Native students consistent with the unique political and legal relationship of the Federal Government with tribal governments, it is hereby ordered as follows:
(a) The Working Group's members shall consist exclusively of the heads of the executive branch departments, agencies, or offices listed below:
(i) the Department of Education;
(ii) the Department of the Interior;
(iii) the Department of Health and Human Services;
(iv) the Department of Agriculture;
(v) the Department of Justice;
(vi) the Department of Labor; and
(vii) such other executive branch departments, agencies, or offices as the Co-Chairs of the Working Group may designate.
A member of the Working Group may designate, to perform the Working Group functions of the member, an employee of the member's department, agency, or office who is either an officer of the United States appointed by the President, or a full-time employee serving in a position with pay equal to or greater than the minimum rate payable for GS–15 of the General Schedule. The Working Group shall be led by the Secretaries of Education and the Interior, or their designees under this section, who shall serve as Co-Chairs.
(b) The function of the Working Group is to oversee the implementation of this order. The Working Group shall, within 90 days of the date of this order, develop a Federal interagency plan that recommends initiatives, strategies, and ideas for future interagency actions that promote the purpose, as stated in section 1, of this order. In carrying out its activities under this order, the Working Group may consult with representatives of American Indian and Alaska Native tribes and organizations, in conformity with Executive Order 13175 of November 6, 2000 [
(a) The study shall include, but not be limited to:
(i) the compilation of comprehensive data on the academic achievement and progress of American Indian and Alaska Native students toward meeting the challenging student academic standards of the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001;
(ii) identification and dissemination of research-based practices and proven methods in raising academic achievement and, in particular, reading achievement, of American Indian and Alaska Native students;
(iii) assessment of the impact and role of native language and culture on the development of educational strategies to improve academic achievement;
(iv) development of methods to strengthen early childhood education so that American Indian and Alaska Native students enter school ready to learn; and
(v) development of methods to increase the high school graduation rate and develop pathways to college and the workplace for American Indian and Alaska Native students.
The Secretary of Education shall develop an agenda, including proposed timelines and ongoing activities, for the conduct of the study, and shall make that agenda available to the public on the Internet.
(b) The Secretary of Education, in coordination with the Working Group, shall issue a report to the President that shall:
(i) provide the latest data available from the study;
(ii) comprehensively describe the educational status and progress of American Indian and Alaska Native students with respect to meeting the goals outlined in the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 and any other student achievement goals the Secretary of Education or the Secretary of the Interior may deem necessary;
(iii) report on proven methods for improving American Indian and Alaska Native student academic achievement; and
(iv) update the Federal interagency plan outlined in section 2(b) of this order.
(a) This order is intended only to improve the internal management of the executive branch and is not intended to, and does not, create any right, benefit, or trust responsibility, substantive or procedural, enforceable at law or equity, by a party against the United States, its agencies or instrumentalities, its officers or employees, or any other person.
(b) Executive Order 13096 of August 6, 1998 [formerly set out as a note above], is revoked.
George W. Bush.
§7402. Purpose
(a) Purpose
It is the purpose of this part to support the efforts of local educational agencies, Indian tribes and organizations, postsecondary institutions, and other entities to meet the unique educational and culturally related academic needs of American Indian and Alaska Native students, so that such students can meet the same challenging State student academic achievement standards as all other students are expected to meet.
(b) Programs
This part carries out the purpose described in subsection (a) of this section by authorizing programs of direct assistance for—
(1) meeting the unique educational and culturally related academic needs of American Indians and Alaska Natives;
(2) the education of Indian children and adults;
(3) the training of Indian persons as educators and counselors, and in other professions serving Indian people; and
(4) research, evaluation, data collection, and technical assistance.
(
Prior Provisions
A prior section 7402,
Prior sections 7403 to 7405 were omitted in the general amendment of this subchapter by
Section 7403,
Section 7404,
Section 7405,
subpart 1—formula grants to local educational agencies
§7421. Purpose
It is the purpose of this subpart to support local educational agencies in their efforts to reform elementary school and secondary school programs that serve Indian students in order to ensure that such programs—
(1) are based on challenging State academic content and student academic achievement standards that are used for all students; and
(2) are designed to assist Indian students in meeting those standards.
(
Prior Provisions
A prior section 7421,
§7422. Grants to local educational agencies and tribes
(a) In general
The Secretary may make grants, from allocations made under
(b) Local educational agencies
(1) Enrollment requirements
A local educational agency shall be eligible for a grant under this subpart for any fiscal year if the number of Indian children eligible under
(A) was at least 10; or
(B) constituted not less than 25 percent of the total number of individuals enrolled in the schools of such agency.
(2) Exclusion
The requirement of paragraph (1) shall not apply in Alaska, California, or Oklahoma, or with respect to any local educational agency located on, or in proximity to, a reservation.
(c) Indian tribes
(1) In general
If a local educational agency that is otherwise eligible for a grant under this subpart does not establish a committee under
(2) Special rule
The Secretary shall treat each Indian tribe applying for a grant pursuant to paragraph (1) as if such Indian tribe were a local educational agency for purposes of this subpart, except that any such tribe is not subject to section 7424(c)(4), section 7428(c), or
(
Prior Provisions
A prior section 7422,
§7423. Amount of grants
(a) Amount of grant awards
(1) In general
Except as provided in subsection (b) of this section and paragraph (2), the Secretary shall allocate to each local educational agency that has an approved application under this subpart an amount equal to the product of—
(A) the number of Indian children who are eligible under
(B) the greater of—
(i) the average per pupil expenditure of the State in which such agency is located; or
(ii) 80 percent of the average per pupil expenditure of all the States.
(2) Reduction
The Secretary shall reduce the amount of each allocation otherwise determined under this section in accordance with subsection (e) of this section.
(b) Minimum grant
(1) In general
Notwithstanding subsection (e) of this section, an entity that is eligible for a grant under
(2) Consortia
Local educational agencies may form a consortium for the purpose of obtaining grants under this subpart.
(3) Increase
The Secretary may increase the minimum grant under paragraph (1) to not more than $4,000 for all grantees if the Secretary determines such increase is necessary to ensure the quality of the programs provided.
(c) Definition
For the purpose of this section, the term "average per pupil expenditure", used with respect to a State, means an amount equal to—
(1) the sum of the aggregate current expenditures of all the local educational agencies in the State, plus any direct current expenditures by the State for the operation of such agencies, without regard to the sources of funds from which such local or State expenditures were made, during the second fiscal year preceding the fiscal year for which the computation is made; divided by
(2) the aggregate number of children who were included in average daily attendance for whom such agencies provided free public education during such preceding fiscal year.
(d) Schools operated or supported by the Bureau of Indian Affairs
(1) In general
Subject to subsection (e) of this section, in addition to the grants awarded under subsection (a) of this section, the Secretary shall allocate to the Secretary of the Interior an amount equal to the product of—
(A) the total number of Indian children enrolled in schools that are operated by—
(i) the Bureau of Indian Affairs; or
(ii) an Indian tribe, or an organization controlled or sanctioned by an Indian tribal government, for the children of that tribe under a contract with, or grant from, the Department of the Interior under the Indian Self-Determination Act [
(B) the greater of—
(i) the average per pupil expenditure of the State in which the school is located; or
(ii) 80 percent of the average per pupil expenditure of all the States.
(2) Special rule
Any school described in paragraph (1)(A) that wishes to receive an allocation under this subpart shall submit an application in accordance with
(e) Ratable reductions
If the sums appropriated for any fiscal year under
(
References in Text
The Indian Self-Determination Act, referred to in subsec. (d)(1)(A)(ii), is title I of
The Tribally Controlled Schools Act of 1988, referred to in subsec. (d)(1)(A)(ii), is part B (§5201–5212) of title V of
Prior Provisions
A prior section 7423,
§7424. Applications
(a) Application required
Each local educational agency that desires to receive a grant under this subpart shall submit an application to the Secretary at such time, in such manner, and containing such information as the Secretary may reasonably require.
(b) Comprehensive program required
Each application submitted under subsection (a) of this section shall include a description of a comprehensive program for meeting the needs of Indian children served by the local educational agency, including the language and cultural needs of the children, that—
(1) describes how the comprehensive program will offer programs and activities to meet the culturally related academic needs of American Indian and Alaska Native students;
(2)(A) is consistent with the State and local plans submitted under other provisions of this chapter; and
(B) includes academic content and student academic achievement goals for such children, and benchmarks for attaining such goals, that are based on the challenging State academic content and student academic achievement standards adopted under subchapter I of this chapter for all children;
(3) explains how Federal, State, and local programs, especially programs carried out under subchapter I of this chapter, will meet the needs of such students;
(4) demonstrates how funds made available under this subpart will be used for activities described in
(5) describes the professional development opportunities that will be provided, as needed, to ensure that—
(A) teachers and other school professionals who are new to the Indian community are prepared to work with Indian children; and
(B) all teachers who will be involved in programs assisted under this subpart have been properly trained to carry out such programs; and
(6) describes how the local educational agency—
(A) will periodically assess the progress of all Indian children enrolled in the schools of the local educational agency, including Indian children who do not participate in programs assisted under this subpart, in meeting the goals described in paragraph (2);
(B) will provide the results of each assessment referred to in subparagraph (A) to—
(i) the committee described in subsection (c)(4) of this section; and
(ii) the community served by the local educational agency; and
(C) is responding to findings of any previous assessments that are similar to the assessments described in subparagraph (A).
(c) Assurances
Each application submitted under subsection (a) of this section shall include assurances that—
(1) the local educational agency will use funds received under this subpart only to supplement the funds that, in the absence of the Federal funds made available under this subpart, such agency would make available for the education of Indian children, and not to supplant such funds;
(2) the local educational agency will prepare and submit to the Secretary such reports, in such form and containing such information, as the Secretary may require to—
(A) carry out the functions of the Secretary under this subpart; and
(B) determine the extent to which activities carried out with funds provided to the local educational agency under this subpart are effective in improving the educational achievement of Indian students served by such agency;
(3) the program for which assistance is sought—
(A) is based on a comprehensive local assessment and prioritization of the unique educational and culturally related academic needs of the American Indian and Alaska Native students for whom the local educational agency is providing an education;
(B) will use the best available talents and resources, including individuals from the Indian community; and
(C) was developed by such agency in open consultation with parents of Indian children and teachers, and, if appropriate, Indian students from secondary schools, including through public hearings held by such agency to provide to the individuals described in this subparagraph a full opportunity to understand the program and to offer recommendations regarding the program; and
(4) the local educational agency developed the program with the participation and written approval of a committee—
(A) that is composed of, and selected by—
(i) parents of Indian children in the local educational agency's schools;
(ii) teachers in the schools; and
(iii) if appropriate, Indian students attending secondary schools of the agency;
(B) a majority of whose members are parents of Indian children;
(C) that has set forth such policies and procedures, including policies and procedures relating to the hiring of personnel, as will ensure that the program for which assistance is sought will be operated and evaluated in consultation with, and with the involvement of, parents of the children, and representatives of the area, to be served;
(D) with respect to an application describing a schoolwide program in accordance with
(i) reviewed in a timely fashion the program; and
(ii) determined that the program will not diminish the availability of culturally related activities for American Indian and Alaska Native students; and
(E) that has adopted reasonable bylaws for the conduct of the activities of the committee and abides by such bylaws.
(
Prior Provisions
A prior section 7424,
§7425. Authorized services and activities
(a) General requirements
Each local educational agency that receives a grant under this subpart shall use the grant funds, in a manner consistent with the purpose specified in
(1) are designed to carry out the comprehensive program of the local educational agency for Indian students, and described in the application of the local educational agency submitted to the Secretary under
(2) are designed with special regard for the language and cultural needs of the Indian students; and
(3) supplement and enrich the regular school program of such agency.
(b) Particular activities
The services and activities referred to in subsection (a) of this section may include—
(1) culturally related activities that support the program described in the application submitted by the local educational agency;
(2) early childhood and family programs that emphasize school readiness;
(3) enrichment programs that focus on problem solving and cognitive skills development and directly support the attainment of challenging State academic content and student academic achievement standards;
(4) integrated educational services in combination with other programs that meet the needs of Indian children and their families;
(5) career preparation activities to enable Indian students to participate in programs such as the programs supported by the Carl D. Perkins Career and Technical Education Act of 2006 [
(6) activities to educate individuals concerning substance abuse and to prevent substance abuse;
(7) the acquisition of equipment, but only if the acquisition of the equipment is essential to achieve the purpose described in
(8) activities that promote the incorporation of culturally responsive teaching and learning strategies into the educational program of the local educational agency;
(9) activities that incorporate American Indian and Alaska Native specific curriculum content, consistent with State standards, into the curriculum used by the local educational agency;
(10) family literacy services; and
(11) activities that recognize and support the unique cultural and educational needs of Indian children, and incorporate appropriately qualified tribal elders and seniors.
(c) Schoolwide programs
Notwithstanding any other provision of law, a local educational agency may use funds made available to such agency under this subpart to support a schoolwide program under
(1) the committee established pursuant to
(2) the schoolwide program is consistent with the purpose described in
(d) Limitation on administrative costs
Not more than 5 percent of the funds provided to a grantee under this subpart for any fiscal year may be used for administrative purposes.
(
References in Text
The Carl D. Perkins Career and Technical Education Act of 2006, referred to in subsec. (b)(5), is
Prior Provisions
A prior section 7425,
Amendments
2006—Subsec. (b)(5).
§7426. Integration of services authorized
(a) Plan
An entity receiving funds under this subpart may submit a plan to the Secretary for the integration of education and related services provided to Indian students.
(b) Consolidation of programs
Upon the receipt of an acceptable plan under subsection (a) of this section, the Secretary, in cooperation with each Federal agency providing grants for the provision of education and related services to the entity, shall authorize the entity to consolidate, in accordance with such plan, the federally funded education and related services programs of the entity and the Federal programs, or portions of the programs, serving Indian students in a manner that integrates the program services involved into a single, coordinated, comprehensive program and reduces administrative costs by consolidating administrative functions.
(c) Programs affected
The funds that may be consolidated in a demonstration project under any such plan referred to in subsection (a) of this section shall include funds for any Federal program exclusively serving Indian children, or the funds reserved under any Federal program to exclusively serve Indian children, under which the entity is eligible for receipt of funds under a statutory or administrative formula for the purposes of providing education and related services that would be used to serve Indian students.
(d) Plan requirements
For a plan to be acceptable pursuant to subsection (b) of this section, the plan shall—
(1) identify the programs or funding sources to be consolidated;
(2) be consistent with the objectives of this section concerning authorizing the services to be integrated in a demonstration project;
(3) describe a comprehensive strategy that identifies the full range of potential educational opportunities and related services to be provided to assist Indian students to achieve the objectives set forth in this subpart;
(4) describe the way in which services are to be integrated and delivered and the results expected from the plan;
(5) identify the projected expenditures under the plan in a single budget;
(6) identify the State, tribal, or local agency or agencies to be involved in the delivery of the services integrated under the plan;
(7) identify any statutory provisions, regulations, policies, or procedures that the entity believes need to be waived in order to implement the plan;
(8) set forth measures for academic content and student academic achievement goals designed to be met within a specific period of time; and
(9) be approved by a committee formed in accordance with
(e) Plan review
Upon receipt of the plan from an eligible entity, the Secretary shall consult with the Secretary of each Federal department providing funds to be used to implement the plan, and with the entity submitting the plan. The parties so consulting shall identify any waivers of statutory requirements or of Federal departmental regulations, policies, or procedures necessary to enable the entity to implement the plan. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the Secretary of the affected department shall have the authority to waive any regulation, policy, or procedure promulgated by that department that has been so identified by the entity or department, unless the Secretary of the affected department determines that such a waiver is inconsistent with the objectives of this subpart or those provisions of the statute from which the program involved derives authority that are specifically applicable to Indian students.
(f) Plan approval
Within 90 days after the receipt of an entity's plan by the Secretary, the Secretary shall inform the entity, in writing, of the Secretary's approval or disapproval of the plan. If the plan is disapproved, the entity shall be informed, in writing, of the reasons for the disapproval and shall be given an opportunity to amend the plan or to petition the Secretary to reconsider such disapproval.
(g) Responsibilities of Department of Education
Not later than 180 days after January 8, 2002, the Secretary of Education, the Secretary of the Interior, and the head of any other Federal department or agency identified by the Secretary of Education, shall enter into an interdepartmental memorandum of agreement providing for the implementation of the demonstration projects authorized under this section. The lead agency head for a demonstration project under this section shall be—
(1) the Secretary of the Interior, in the case of an entity meeting the definition of a contract or grant school under title XI of the Education Amendments of 1978 [
(2) the Secretary of Education, in the case of any other entity.
(h) Responsibilities of lead agency
The responsibilities of the lead agency shall include—
(1) the use of a single report format related to the plan for the individual project, which shall be used by an eligible entity to report on the activities undertaken under the project;
(2) the use of a single report format related to the projected expenditures for the individual project which shall be used by an eligible entity to report on all project expenditures;
(3) the development of a single system of Federal oversight for the project, which shall be implemented by the lead agency; and
(4) the provision of technical assistance to an eligible entity appropriate to the project, except that an eligible entity shall have the authority to accept or reject the plan for providing such technical assistance and the technical assistance provider.
(i) Report requirements
A single report format shall be developed by the Secretary, consistent with the requirements of this section. Such report format shall require that reports described in subsection (h) of this section, together with records maintained on the consolidated program at the local level, shall contain such information as will allow a determination that the eligible entity has complied with the requirements incorporated in its approved plan, including making a demonstration of student academic achievement, and will provide assurances to each Secretary that the eligible entity has complied with all directly applicable statutory requirements and with those directly applicable regulatory requirements that have not been waived.
(j) No reduction in amounts
In no case shall the amount of Federal funds available to an eligible entity involved in any demonstration project be reduced as a result of the enactment of this section.
(k) Interagency fund transfers authorized
The Secretary is authorized to take such action as may be necessary to provide for an interagency transfer of funds otherwise available to an eligible entity in order to further the objectives of this section.
(l) Administration of funds
(1) In general
Program funds for the consolidated programs shall be administered in such a manner as to allow for a determination that funds from a specific program are spent on allowable activities authorized under such program, except that the eligible entity shall determine the proportion of the funds granted that shall be allocated to such program.
(2) Separate records not required
Nothing in this section shall be construed as requiring the eligible entity to maintain separate records tracing any services or activities conducted under the approved plan to the individual programs under which funds were authorized for the services or activities, nor shall the eligible entity be required to allocate expenditures among such individual programs.
(m) Overage
The eligible entity may commingle all administrative funds from the consolidated programs and shall be entitled to the full amount of such funds (under each program's or agency's regulations). The overage (defined as the difference between the amount of the commingled funds and the actual administrative cost of the programs) shall be considered to be properly spent for Federal audit purposes, if the overage is used for the purposes provided for under this section.
(n) Fiscal accountability
Nothing in this part shall be construed so as to interfere with the ability of the Secretary or the lead agency to fulfill the responsibilities for the safeguarding of Federal funds pursuant to
(o) Report on statutory obstacles to program integration
(1) Preliminary report
Not later than 2 years after January 8, 2002, the Secretary of Education shall submit a preliminary report to the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Resources of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions and the Committee on Indian Affairs of the Senate on the status of the implementation of the demonstration projects authorized under this section.
(2) Final report
Not later than 5 years after January 8, 2002, the Secretary of Education shall submit a report to the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Resources of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions and the Committee on Indian Affairs of the Senate on the results of the implementation of the demonstration projects authorized under this section. Such report shall identify statutory barriers to the ability of participants to integrate more effectively their education and related services to Indian students in a manner consistent with the objectives of this section.
(p) Definitions
For the purposes of this section, the term "Secretary" means—
(1) the Secretary of the Interior, in the case of an entity meeting the definition of a contract or grant school under title XI of the Education Amendments of 1978 [
(2) the Secretary of Education, in the case of any other entity.
(
References in Text
The Education Amendments of 1978, referred to in subsecs. (g)(1) and (p)(1), is
Prior Provisions
A prior section 7426,
Change of Name
Committee on Education and the Workforce of House of Representatives changed to Committee on Education and Labor of House of Representatives and Committee on Resources of House of Representatives changed to Committee on Natural Resources of House of Representatives by House Resolution No. 6, One Hundred Tenth Congress, Jan. 5, 2007.
§7427. Student eligibility forms
(a) In general
The Secretary shall require that, as part of an application for a grant under this subpart, each applicant shall maintain a file, with respect to each Indian child for whom the local educational agency provides a free public education, that contains a form that sets forth information establishing the status of the child as an Indian child eligible for assistance under this subpart, and that otherwise meets the requirements of subsection (b) of this section.
(b) Forms
The form described in subsection (a) of this section shall include—
(1) either—
(A)(i) the name of the tribe or band of Indians (as defined in
(ii) the enrollment number establishing the membership of the child (if readily available); and
(iii) the name and address of the organization that maintains updated and accurate membership data for such tribe or band of Indians; or
(B) the name, the enrollment number (if readily available), and the name and address of the organization responsible for maintaining updated and accurate membership data, of any parent or grandparent of the child from whom the child claims eligibility under this subpart, if the child is not a member of the tribe or band of Indians (as so defined);
(2) a statement of whether the tribe or band of Indians (as so defined), with respect to which the child, or parent or grandparent of the child, claims membership, is federally recognized;
(3) the name and address of the parent or legal guardian of the child;
(4) a signature of the parent or legal guardian of the child that verifies the accuracy of the information supplied; and
(5) any other information that the Secretary considers necessary to provide an accurate program profile.
(c) Statutory construction
Nothing in this section shall be construed to affect a definition contained in
(d) Forms and standards of proof
The forms and the standards of proof (including the standard of good faith compliance) that were in use during the 1985–86 academic year to establish the eligibility of a child for entitlement under the Indian Elementary and Secondary School Assistance Act shall be the forms and standards of proof used—
(1) to establish eligibility under this subpart; and
(2) to meet the requirements of subsection (a) of this section.
(e) Documentation
For purposes of determining whether a child is eligible to be counted for the purpose of computing the amount of a grant award under
(f) Monitoring and evaluation review
(1) In general
(A) Review
For each fiscal year, in order to provide such information as is necessary to carry out the responsibility of the Secretary to provide technical assistance under this subpart, the Secretary shall conduct a monitoring and evaluation review of a sampling of the recipients of grants under this subpart. The sampling conducted under this subparagraph shall take into account the size of and the geographic location of each local educational agency.
(B) Exception
A local educational agency may not be held liable to the United States or be subject to any penalty, by reason of the findings of an audit that relates to the date of completion, or the date of submission, of any forms used to establish, before April 28, 1988, the eligibility of a child for an entitlement under the Indian Elementary and Secondary School Assistance Act.
(2) False information
Any local educational agency that provides false information in an application for a grant under this subpart shall—
(A) be ineligible to apply for any other grant under this subpart; and
(B) be liable to the United States for any funds from the grant that have not been expended.
(3) Excluded children
A student who provides false information for the form required under subsection (a) of this section shall not be counted for the purpose of computing the amount of a grant under
(g) Tribal grant and contract schools
Notwithstanding any other provision of this section, in calculating the amount of a grant under this subpart to a tribal school that receives a grant or contract from the Bureau of Indian Affairs, the Secretary shall use only one of the following, as selected by the school:
(1) A count of the number of students in the schools certified by the Bureau.
(2) A count of the number of students for whom the school has eligibility forms that comply with this section.
(h) Timing of child counts
For purposes of determining the number of children to be counted in calculating the amount of a local educational agency's grant under this subpart (other than in the case described in subsection (g)(1) of this section), the local educational agency shall—
(1) establish a date on, or a period not longer than 31 consecutive days during, which the agency counts those children, if that date or period occurs before the deadline established by the Secretary for submitting an application under
(2) determine that each such child was enrolled, and receiving a free public education, in a school of the agency on that date or during that period, as the case may be.
(
References in Text
The Indian Elementary and Secondary School Assistance Act, referred to in subsecs. (d) and (f)(1)(B), is title III of act Sept. 30, 1950, ch. 1124, as added by
Prior Provisions
A prior section 7427,
§7428. Payments
(a) In general
Subject to subsections (b) and (c) of this section, the Secretary shall pay to each local educational agency that submits an application that is approved by the Secretary under this subpart the amount determined under
(b) Payments taken into account by the State
The Secretary may not make a grant under this subpart to a local educational agency for a fiscal year if, for such fiscal year, the State in which the local educational agency is located takes into consideration payments made under this chapter 1 in determining the eligibility of the local educational agency for State aid, or the amount of the State aid, with respect to the free public education of children during such fiscal year or the preceding fiscal year.
(c) Reduction of payment for failure to maintain fiscal effort
(1) In general
The Secretary may not pay a local educational agency the full amount of a grant award determined under
(2) Failure to maintain effort
If, for the preceding fiscal year, the Secretary determines that a local educational agency and State failed to maintain the combined fiscal effort for such agency at the level specified in paragraph (1), the Secretary shall—
(A) reduce the amount of the grant that would otherwise be made to such agency under this subpart in the exact proportion of the failure to maintain the fiscal effort at such level; and
(B) not use the reduced amount of the agency and State expenditures for the preceding year to determine compliance with paragraph (1) for any succeeding fiscal year, but shall use the amount of expenditures that would have been required to comply with paragraph (1).
(3) Waiver
(A) In general
The Secretary may waive the requirement of paragraph (1) for a local educational agency, for not more than 1 year at a time, if the Secretary determines that the failure to comply with such requirement is due to exceptional or uncontrollable circumstances, such as a natural disaster or a precipitous and unforeseen decline in the agency's financial resources.
(B) Future determinations
The Secretary shall not use the reduced amount of the agency's expenditures for the fiscal year preceding the fiscal year for which a waiver is granted to determine compliance with paragraph (1) for any succeeding fiscal year, but shall use the amount of expenditures that would have been required to comply with paragraph (1) in the absence of the waiver.
(d) Reallocations
The Secretary may reallocate, in a manner that the Secretary determines will best carry out the purpose of this subpart, any amounts that—
(1) based on estimates made by local educational agencies or other information, the Secretary determines will not be needed by such agencies to carry out approved programs under this subpart; or
(2) otherwise become available for reallocation under this subpart.
(
Prior Provisions
A prior section 7428,
1 So in original. Probably should be "this subpart".
§7429. State educational agency review
Before submitting an application to the Secretary under
(
Prior Provisions
A prior section 7429,
Prior sections 7430 to 7434 were omitted in the general amendment of this subchapter by
Section 7430,
Section 7431,
Section 7432,
Section 7433,
Section 7434,
subpart 2—special programs and projects to improve educational opportunities for indian children
§7441. Improvement of educational opportunities for Indian children
(a) Purpose
(1) In general
It is the purpose of this section to support projects to develop, test, and demonstrate the effectiveness of services and programs to improve educational opportunities and achievement of Indian children.
(2) Coordination
The Secretary shall take the necessary actions to achieve the coordination of activities assisted under this subpart with—
(A) other programs funded under this chapter; and
(B) other Federal programs operated for the benefit of American Indian and Alaska Native children.
(b) Eligible entities
In this section, the term "eligible entity" means a State educational agency, local educational agency, Indian tribe, Indian organization, federally supported elementary school or secondary school for Indian students, Indian institution (including an Indian institution of higher education), or a consortium of such entities.
(c) Grants authorized
(1) In general
The Secretary shall award grants to eligible entities to enable such entities to carry out activities that meet the purpose of this section, including—
(A) innovative programs related to the educational needs of educationally disadvantaged children;
(B) educational services that are not available to such children in sufficient quantity or quality, including remedial instruction, to raise the achievement of Indian children in one or more of the core academic subjects of English, mathematics, science, foreign languages, art, history, and geography;
(C) bilingual and bicultural programs and projects;
(D) special health and nutrition services, and other related activities, that address the special health, social, and psychological problems of Indian children;
(E) special compensatory and other programs and projects designed to assist and encourage Indian children to enter, remain in, or reenter school, and to increase the rate of high school graduation for Indian children;
(F) comprehensive guidance, counseling, and testing services;
(G) early childhood and kindergarten programs, including family-based preschool programs that emphasize school readiness and parental skills, and the provision of services to Indian children with disabilities;
(H) partnership projects between local educational agencies and institutions of higher education that allow secondary school students to enroll in courses at the postsecondary level to aid such students in the transition from secondary to postsecondary education;
(I) partnership projects between schools and local businesses for career preparation programs designed to provide Indian youth with the knowledge and skills such youth need to make an effective transition from school to a high-skill, high-wage career;
(J) programs designed to encourage and assist Indian students to work toward, and gain entrance into, an institution of higher education;
(K) family literacy services;
(L) activities that recognize and support the unique cultural and educational needs of Indian children, and incorporate appropriately qualified tribal elders and seniors; or
(M) other services that meet the purpose described in this section.
(2) Professional development
Professional development of teaching professionals and paraprofessionals may be a part of any program assisted under this section.
(d) Grant requirements and applications
(1) Grant requirements
(A) In general
The Secretary may make multiyear grants under subsection (c) of this section for the planning, development, pilot operation, or demonstration of any activity described in subsection (c) of this section for a period not to exceed 5 years.
(B) Priority
In making multiyear grants described in this paragraph, the Secretary shall give priority to entities submitting applications that present a plan for combining two or more of the activities described in subsection (c) of this section over a period of more than 1 year.
(C) Progress
The Secretary shall make a grant payment for a grant described in this paragraph to an eligible entity after the initial year of the multiyear grant only if the Secretary determines that the eligible entity has made substantial progress in carrying out the activities assisted under the grant in accordance with the application submitted under paragraph (3) and any subsequent modifications to such application.
(2) Dissemination grants
(A) In general
In addition to awarding the multiyear grants described in paragraph (1), the Secretary may award grants under subsection (c) of this section to eligible entities for the dissemination of exemplary materials or programs assisted under this section.
(B) Determination
The Secretary may award a dissemination grant described in this paragraph if, prior to awarding the grant, the Secretary determines that the material or program to be disseminated—
(i) has been adequately reviewed;
(ii) has demonstrated educational merit; and
(iii) can be replicated.
(3) Application
(A) In general
Any eligible entity that desires to receive a grant under this section shall submit an application to the Secretary at such time and in such manner as the Secretary may reasonably require.
(B) Contents
Each application submitted to the Secretary under subparagraph (A), other than an application for a dissemination grant under paragraph (2), shall contain—
(i) a description of how parents of Indian children and representatives of Indian tribes have been, and will be, involved in developing and implementing the activities for which assistance is sought;
(ii) assurances that the applicant will participate, at the request of the Secretary, in any national evaluation of activities assisted under this section;
(iii) information demonstrating that the proposed program for the activities is a scientifically based research program, where applicable, which may include a program that has been modified to be culturally appropriate for students who will be served;
(iv) a description of how the applicant will incorporate the proposed activities into the ongoing school program involved once the grant period is over; and
(v) such other assurances and information as the Secretary may reasonably require.
(e) Administrative costs
Not more than 5 percent of the funds provided to a grantee under this subpart for any fiscal year may be used for administrative purposes.
(
Prior Provisions
A prior section 7121 of
§7442. Professional development for teachers and education professionals
(a) Purposes
The purposes of this section are—
(1) to increase the number of qualified Indian individuals in teaching or other education professions that serve Indian people;
(2) to provide training to qualified Indian individuals to enable such individuals to become teachers, administrators, teacher aides, social workers, and ancillary educational personnel; and
(3) to improve the skills of qualified Indian individuals who serve in the capacities described in paragraph (2).
(b) Eligible entities
For the purpose of this section, the term "eligible entity" means—
(1) an institution of higher education, including an Indian institution of higher education;
(2) a State educational agency or local educational agency, in consortium with an institution of higher education;
(3) an Indian tribe or organization, in consortium with an institution of higher education; and
(4) a Bureau-funded school (as defined in section 2026 1 of title 25).
(c) Program authorized
The Secretary is authorized to award grants to eligible entities having applications approved under this section to enable those entities to carry out the activities described in subsection (d) of this section.
(d) Authorized activities
(1) In general
Grant funds under this section shall be used for activities to provide support and training for Indian individuals in a manner consistent with the purposes of this section. Such activities may include continuing programs, symposia, workshops, conferences, and direct financial support, and may include programs designed to train tribal elders and seniors.
(2) Special rules
(A) Type of training
For education personnel, the training received pursuant to a grant under this section may be inservice or preservice training.
(B) Program
For individuals who are being trained to enter any field other than teaching, the training received pursuant to a grant under this section shall be in a program that results in a graduate degree.
(e) Application
Each eligible entity desiring a grant under this section shall submit an application to the Secretary at such time, in such manner, and accompanied by such information, as the Secretary may reasonably require.
(f) Special rule
In awarding grants under this section, the Secretary—
(1) shall consider the prior performance of the eligible entity; and
(2) may not limit eligibility to receive a grant under this section on the basis of—
(A) the number of previous grants the Secretary has awarded such entity; or
(B) the length of any period during which such entity received such grants.
(g) Grant period
Each grant under this section shall be awarded for a period of not more than 5 years.
(h) Service obligation
(1) In general
The Secretary shall require, by regulation, that an individual who receives training pursuant to a grant made under this section—
(A) perform work—
(i) related to the training received under this section; and
(ii) that benefits Indian people; or
(B) repay all or a prorated part of the assistance received.
(2) Reporting
The Secretary shall establish, by regulation, a reporting procedure under which a grant recipient under this section shall, not later than 12 months after the date of completion of the training, and periodically thereafter, provide information concerning compliance with the work requirement under paragraph (1).
(
References in Text
Prior Provisions
A prior section 7122 of
1 See References in Text note below.
subpart 3—national activities
§7451. National research activities
(a) Authorized activities
The Secretary may use funds made available under
(1) conduct research related to effective approaches for the education of Indian children and adults;
(2) evaluate federally assisted education programs from which Indian children and adults may benefit;
(3) collect and analyze data on the educational status and needs of Indians; and
(4) carry out other activities that are consistent with the purpose of this part.
(b) Eligibility
The Secretary may carry out any of the activities described in subsection (a) of this section directly or through grants to, or contracts or cooperative agreements with, Indian tribes, Indian organizations, State educational agencies, local educational agencies, institutions of higher education, including Indian institutions of higher education, and other public and private agencies and institutions.
(c) Coordination
Research activities supported under this section—
(1) shall be carried out in consultation with the Institute of Education Sciences to ensure that such activities are coordinated with and enhance the research and development activities supported by the Institute; and
(2) may include collaborative research activities that are jointly funded and carried out by the Office of Indian Education Programs and the Institute of Education Sciences.
(
Prior Provisions
A prior section 7451,
Amendments
2002—Subsec. (c)(1).
Subsec. (c)(2).
§7452. In-service training for teachers of Indian children
(a) Grants authorized
In addition to the grants authorized by
(1) a consortium of a tribal college and an institution of higher education that awards a degree in education; or
(2) a consortium of—
(A) a tribal college;
(B) an institution of higher education that awards a degree in education; and
(C) one or more elementary schools or secondary schools operated by the Bureau of Indian Affairs, local educational agencies serving Indian children, or tribal educational agencies.
(b) Use of funds
(1) In-service training
A consortium that receives a grant under subsection (a) of this section shall use the grant funds only to provide high quality in-service training to teachers, including teachers who are not Indians, in schools of local educational agencies with substantial numbers of Indian children enrolled in their schools, in order to better meet the needs of those children.
(2) Components
The training described in paragraph (1) shall include such activities as preparing teachers to use the best available scientifically based research practices and learning strategies, and to make the most effective use of curricula and materials, to respond to the unique needs of Indian children in their classrooms.
(c) Preference for Indian applicants
In applying
(
Prior Provisions
A prior section 7452,
§7453. Fellowships for Indian students
(a) Fellowships
(1) Authority
The Secretary is authorized to award fellowships to Indian students to enable such students to study in graduate and professional programs at institutions of higher education.
(2) Requirements
The fellowships described in paragraph (1) shall be awarded to Indian students to enable such students to pursue a course of study—
(A) of not more than 4 academic years; and
(B) that leads—
(i) toward a postbaccalaureate degree in medicine, clinical psychology, psychology, law, education, or a related field; or
(ii) to an undergraduate or graduate degree in engineering, business administration, natural resources, or a related field.
(b) Stipends
The Secretary shall pay to Indian students awarded fellowships under subsection (a) of this section such stipends (including allowances for subsistence of such students and dependents of such students) as the Secretary determines to be consistent with prevailing practices under comparable federally supported programs.
(c) Payments to institutions in lieu of tuition
The Secretary shall pay to the institution of higher education at which such a fellowship recipient is pursuing a course of study, in lieu of tuition charged to such recipient, such amounts as the Secretary may determine to be necessary to cover the cost of education provided to such recipient.
(d) Special rules
(1) In general
If a fellowship awarded under subsection (a) of this section is vacated prior to the end of the period for which the fellowship is awarded, the Secretary may award an additional fellowship for the unexpired portion of the period of the first fellowship.
(2) Written notice
Not later than 45 days before the commencement of an academic term, the Secretary shall provide to each individual who is awarded a fellowship under subsection (a) of this section for such academic term written notice of—
(A) the amount of the funding for the fellowship; and
(B) any stipends or other payments that will be made under this section to, or for the benefit of, the individual for the academic term.
(3) Priority
Not more than 10 percent of the fellowships awarded under subsection (a) of this section shall be awarded, on a priority basis, to persons receiving training in guidance counseling with a specialty in the area of alcohol and substance abuse counseling and education.
(e) Service obligation
(1) In general
The Secretary shall require, by regulation, that an individual who receives financial assistance under this section—
(A) perform work—
(i) related to the training for which the individual receives the assistance under this section; and
(ii) that benefits Indian people; or
(B) repay all or a prorated portion of such assistance.
(2) Reporting
The Secretary shall establish, by regulation, a reporting procedure under which a recipient of assistance under this section shall, not later than 12 months after the date of completion of the training, and periodically thereafter, provide information concerning the compliance of such recipient with the work requirement described in paragraph (1).
(f) Administration of fellowships
The Secretary may administer the fellowships authorized under this section through a grant to, or contract or cooperative agreement with, an Indian organization with demonstrated qualifications to administer all facets of the program assisted under this section.
(
Prior Provisions
A prior section 7453,
§7454. Gifted and talented Indian students
(a) Program authorized
The Secretary is authorized to—
(1) establish two centers for gifted and talented Indian students at tribally controlled community colleges in accordance with this section; and
(2) support demonstration projects described in subsection (c) of this section.
(b) Eligible entities
The Secretary shall make grants, or enter into contracts, for the activities described in subsection (a) of this section, to or with—
(1) two tribally controlled community colleges that—
(A) are eligible for funding under the Tribally Controlled Colleges and Universities Assistance Act of 1978 [
(B) are fully accredited; or
(2) the American Indian Higher Education Consortium,
if the Secretary does not receive applications that the Secretary determines to be approvable from two colleges that meet the requirements of paragraph (1).
(c) Use of funds
(1) In general
Funds made available through the grants made, or contracts entered into, by the Secretary under subsection (b) of this section shall be used for—
(A) the establishment of centers described in subsection (a) of this section; and
(B) carrying out demonstration projects designed to—
(i) address the special needs of Indian students in elementary schools and secondary schools who are gifted and talented; and
(ii) provide such support services to the families of the students described in clause (i) as are needed to enable such students to benefit from the projects.
(2) Subcontracts
Each recipient of a grant or contract under subsection (b) of this section to carry out a demonstration project under subsection (a) of this section may enter into a contract with any other entity, including the Children's Television Workshop, to carry out the demonstration project.
(3) Demonstration projects
Demonstration projects assisted under subsection (b) of this section may include—
(A) the identification of the special needs of gifted and talented Indian students, particularly at the elementary school level, giving attention to—
(i) identifying the emotional and psychosocial needs of such students; and
(ii) providing such support services to the families of such students as are needed to enable such students to benefit from the projects;
(B) the conduct of educational, psychosocial, and developmental activities that the Secretary determines hold a reasonable promise of resulting in substantial progress toward meeting the educational needs of such gifted and talented children, including—
(i) demonstrating and exploring the use of Indian languages and exposure to Indian cultural traditions; and
(ii) carrying out mentoring and apprenticeship programs;
(C) the provision of technical assistance and the coordination of activities at schools that receive grants under subsection (d) of this section with respect to the activities assisted under such grants, the evaluation of programs assisted under such grants, or the dissemination of such evaluations;
(D) the use of public television in meeting the special educational needs of such gifted and talented children;
(E) leadership programs designed to replicate programs for such children throughout the United States, including disseminating information derived from the demonstration projects conducted under subsection (a) of this section; and
(F) appropriate research, evaluation, and related activities pertaining to the needs of such children and to the provision of such support services to the families of such children as are needed to enable such children to benefit from the projects.
(4) Application
Each eligible entity desiring a grant or contract under subsection (b) of this section shall submit an application to the Secretary at such time, in such manner, and accompanied by such information, as the Secretary may reasonably require.
(d) Additional grants
(1) In general
The Secretary, in consultation with the Secretary of the Interior, shall award 5 grants to schools funded by the Bureau of Indian Affairs (hereafter referred to individually in this section as a "Bureau school") for program research and development and the development and dissemination of curriculum and teacher training material, regarding—
(A) gifted and talented students;
(B) college preparatory studies (including programs for Indian students with an interest in pursuing teaching careers);
(C) students with special culturally related academic needs, including students with social, lingual, and cultural needs; or
(D) mathematics and science education.
(2) Applications
Each Bureau school desiring a grant under this subsection shall submit an application to the Secretary at such time, in such manner, and accompanied by such information, as the Secretary may reasonably require.
(3) Special rule
Each application described in paragraph (2) shall be developed, and each grant under this subsection shall be administered, jointly by the supervisor of the Bureau school and the local educational agency serving such school.
(4) Requirements
In awarding grants under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall achieve a mixture of the programs described in paragraph (1) that ensures that Indian students at all grade levels and in all geographic areas of the United States are able to participate in a program assisted under this subsection.
(5) Grant period
Subject to the availability of appropriations, a grant awarded under paragraph (1) shall be awarded for a 3-year period and may be renewed by the Secretary for additional 3-year periods if the Secretary determines that the performance of the grant recipient has been satisfactory.
(6) Dissemination
(A) Cooperative efforts
The dissemination of any materials developed from activities assisted under paragraph (1) shall be carried out in cooperation with entities that receive funds pursuant to subsection (b) of this section.
(B) Report
The Secretary shall prepare and submit to the Secretary of the Interior and to Congress a report concerning any results from activities described in this subsection.
(7) Evaluation costs
(A) Division
The costs of evaluating any activities assisted under paragraph (1) shall be divided between the Bureau schools conducting such activities and the recipients of grants or contracts under subsection (b) of this section who conduct demonstration projects under subsection (a) of this section.
(B) Grants and contracts
If no funds are provided under subsection (b) of this section for—
(i) the evaluation of activities assisted under paragraph (1);
(ii) technical assistance and coordination with respect to such activities; or
(iii) the dissemination of the evaluations referred to in clause (i),
the Secretary shall make such grants, or enter into such contracts, as are necessary to provide for the evaluations, technical assistance, and coordination of such activities, and the dissemination of the evaluations.
(e) Information network
The Secretary shall encourage each recipient of a grant or contract under this section to work cooperatively as part of a national network to ensure that the information developed by the grant or contract recipient is readily available to the entire educational community.
(
References in Text
The Tribally Controlled Colleges and Universities Assistance Act of 1978, referred to in subsec. (b)(1)(A), is
Prior Provisions
A prior section 7454,
Amendments
2008—Subsec. (b)(1)(A).
§7455. Grants to tribes for education administrative planning and development
(a) In general
The Secretary may make grants to Indian tribes, and tribal organizations approved by Indian tribes, to plan and develop a centralized tribal administrative entity to—
(1) coordinate all education programs operated by the tribe or within the territorial jurisdiction of the tribe;
(2) develop education codes for schools within the territorial jurisdiction of the tribe;
(3) provide support services and technical assistance to schools serving children of the tribe; and
(4) perform child-find screening services for the preschool-aged children of the tribe to—
(A) ensure placement in appropriate educational facilities; and
(B) coordinate the provision of any needed special services for conditions such as disabilities and English language skill deficiencies.
(b) Period of grant
Each grant awarded under this section may be awarded for a period of not more than 3 years. Such grant may be renewed upon the termination of the initial period of the grant if the grant recipient demonstrates to the satisfaction of the Secretary that renewing the grant for an additional 3-year period is necessary to carry out the objectives of the grant described in subsection (c)(2)(A) of this section.
(c) Application for grant
(1) In general
Each Indian tribe and tribal organization desiring a grant under this section shall submit an application to the Secretary at such time, in such manner, containing such information, and consistent with such criteria, as the Secretary may prescribe in regulations.
(2) Contents
Each application described in paragraph (1) shall contain—
(A) a statement describing the activities to be conducted, and the objectives to be achieved, under the grant; and
(B) a description of the method to be used for evaluating the effectiveness of the activities for which assistance is sought and for determining whether such objectives are achieved.
(3) Approval
The Secretary may approve an application submitted by a tribe or tribal organization pursuant to this section only if the Secretary is satisfied that such application, including any documentation submitted with the application—
(A) demonstrates that the applicant has consulted with other education entities, if any, within the territorial jurisdiction of the applicant who will be affected by the activities to be conducted under the grant;
(B) provides for consultation with such other education entities in the operation and evaluation of the activities conducted under the grant; and
(C) demonstrates that there will be adequate resources provided under this section or from other sources to complete the activities for which assistance is sought, except that the availability of such other resources shall not be a basis for disapproval of such application.
(d) Restriction
A tribe may not receive funds under this section if such tribe receives funds under section 2024 1 of title 25.
(
References in Text
Prior Provisions
A prior section 7455,
1 See References in Text note below.
§7456. Improvement of educational opportunities for adult Indians
(a) In general
The Secretary shall make grants to State educational agencies, local educational agencies, and Indian tribes, institutions, and organizations—
(1) to support planning, pilot, and demonstration projects that are designed to test and demonstrate the effectiveness of programs for improving employment and educational opportunities for adult Indians;
(2) to assist in the establishment and operation of programs that are designed to stimulate—
(A) the provision of basic literacy opportunities for all nonliterate Indian adults; and
(B) the provision of opportunities to all Indian adults to qualify for a secondary school diploma, or its recognized equivalent, in the shortest period of time feasible;
(3) to support a major research and development program to develop more innovative and effective techniques for achieving literacy and secondary school equivalency for Indians;
(4) to provide for basic surveys and evaluations to define accurately the extent of the problems of illiteracy and lack of secondary school completion among Indians; and
(5) to encourage the dissemination of information and materials relating to, and the evaluation of, the effectiveness of education programs that may offer educational opportunities to Indian adults.
(b) Educational services
The Secretary may make grants to Indian tribes, institutions, and organizations to develop and establish educational services and programs specifically designed to improve educational opportunities for Indian adults.
(c) Information and evaluation
The Secretary may make grants to, and enter into contracts with, public agencies and institutions and Indian tribes, institutions, and organizations, for—
(1) the dissemination of information concerning educational programs, services, and resources available to Indian adults, including evaluations of the programs, services, and resources; and
(2) the evaluation of federally assisted programs in which Indian adults may participate to determine the effectiveness of the programs in achieving the purposes of the programs with respect to Indian adults.
(d) Applications
(1) In general
Each entity desiring a grant or contract under this section shall submit to the Secretary an application at such time, in such manner, containing such information, and consistent with such criteria, as the Secretary may prescribe in regulations.
(2) Contents
Each application described in paragraph (1) shall contain—
(A) a statement describing the activities to be conducted and the objectives to be achieved under the grant or contract; and
(B) a description of the method to be used for evaluating the effectiveness of the activities for which assistance is sought and determining whether the objectives of the grant or contract are achieved.
(3) Approval
The Secretary shall not approve an application described in paragraph (1) unless the Secretary determines that such application, including any documentation submitted with the application, indicates that—
(A) there has been adequate participation, by the individuals to be served and the appropriate tribal communities, in the planning and development of the activities to be assisted; and
(B) the individuals and tribal communities referred to in subparagraph (A) will participate in the operation and evaluation of the activities to be assisted.
(4) Priority
In approving applications under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall give priority to applications from Indian educational agencies, organizations, and institutions.
(e) Administrative costs
Not more than 5 percent of the funds made available to an entity through a grant or contract made or entered into under this section for a fiscal year may be used to pay for administrative costs.
(
Prior Provisions
A prior section 7456,
subpart 4—federal administration
§7471. National Advisory Council on Indian Education
(a) Membership
There is established a National Advisory Council on Indian Education (hereafter in this section referred to as the "Council"), which shall—
(1) consist of 15 Indian members, who shall be appointed by the President from lists of nominees furnished, from time to time, by Indian tribes and organizations; and
(2) represent different geographic areas of the United States.
(b) Duties
The Council shall—
(1) advise the Secretary concerning the funding and administration (including the development of regulations and administrative policies and practices) of any program, including any program established under this part—
(A) with respect to which the Secretary has jurisdiction; and
(B)(i) that includes Indian children or adults as participants; or
(ii) that may benefit Indian children or adults;
(2) make recommendations to the Secretary for filling the position of Director of Indian Education whenever a vacancy occurs; and
(3) submit to Congress, not later than June 30 of each year, a report on the activities of the Council, including—
(A) any recommendations that the Council considers appropriate for the improvement of Federal education programs that include Indian children or adults as participants, or that may benefit Indian children or adults; and
(B) recommendations concerning the funding of any program described in subparagraph (A).
(
Prior Provisions
A prior section 7471,
Termination of Advisory Councils
Advisory councils established after Jan. 5, 1973, to terminate not later than the expiration of the 2-year period beginning on the date of their establishment, unless, in the case of a council established by the President or an officer of the Federal Government, such council is renewed by appropriate action prior to the expiration of such 2-year period, or in the case of a council established by the Congress, its duration is otherwise provided by law. See sections 3(2) and 14 of
§7472. Peer review
The Secretary may use a peer review process to review applications submitted to the Secretary under subpart 2 or subpart 3 of this part.
(
Prior Provisions
A prior section 7472,
§7473. Preference for Indian applicants
In making grants and entering into contracts or cooperative agreements under subpart 2 or subpart 3 of this part, the Secretary shall give a preference to Indian tribes, organizations, and institutions of higher education under any program with respect to which Indian tribes, organizations, and institutions are eligible to apply for grants, contracts, or cooperative agreements.
(
Prior Provisions
A prior section 7473,
§7474. Minimum grant criteria
The Secretary may not approve an application for a grant, contract, or cooperative agreement under subpart 2 or subpart 3 of this part unless the application is for a grant, contract, or cooperative agreement that is—
(1) of sufficient size, scope, and quality to achieve the purpose or objectives of such grant, contract, or cooperative agreement; and
(2) based on relevant research findings.
(
Prior Provisions
A prior section 7474,
Prior sections 7475 to 7480 were omitted in the general amendment of this subchapter by
Section 7475,
Section 7476,
Section 7477,
Section 7478,
Section 7479,
Section 7480,
subpart 5—definitions; authorizations of appropriations
§7491. Definitions
For the purposes of this part:
(1) Adult
The term "adult" means an individual who—
(A) has attained the age of 16 years; or
(B) has attained an age that is greater than the age of compulsory school attendance under an applicable State law.
(2) Free public education
The term "free public education" means education that is—
(A) provided at public expense, under public supervision and direction, and without tuition charge; and
(B) provided as elementary or secondary education in the applicable State or to preschool children.
(3) Indian
The term "Indian" means an individual who is—
(A) a member of an Indian tribe or band, as membership is defined by the tribe or band, including—
(i) any tribe or band terminated since 1940; and
(ii) any tribe or band recognized by the State in which the tribe or band resides;
(B) a descendant, in the first or second degree, of an individual described in subparagraph (A);
(C) considered by the Secretary of the Interior to be an Indian for any purpose;
(D) an Eskimo, Aleut, or other Alaska Native; or
(E) a member of an organized Indian group that received a grant under the Indian Education Act of 1988 as in effect the day preceding October 20, 1994.
(
References in Text
The Indian Education Act of 1988, as in effect the day preceding October 20, 1994, referred to in par. (3)(E), is part C (§§5301–5352) of title V of
Prior Provisions
A prior section 7491,
§7492. Authorizations of appropriations
(a) Subpart 1
For the purpose of carrying out subpart 1 of this part, there are authorized to be appropriated $96,400,000 for fiscal year 2002 and such sums as may be necessary for each of the 5 succeeding fiscal years.
(b) Subparts 2 and 3
For the purpose of carrying out subparts 2 and 3 of this part, there are authorized to be appropriated $24,000,000 for fiscal year 2002 and such sums as may be necessary for each of the 5 succeeding fiscal years.
(
Part B—Native Hawaiian Education
§7511. Short title
This part may be cited as the "Native Hawaiian Education Act".
(
Prior Provisions
Provisions naming former part B (§7901 et seq.) of subchapter IX of this chapter as the "Native Hawaiian Education Act" were contained in
A prior section 7511,
§7512. Findings
Congress finds the following:
(1) Native Hawaiians are a distinct and unique indigenous people with a historical continuity to the original inhabitants of the Hawaiian archipelago, whose society was organized as a nation and internationally recognized as a nation by the United States, Britain, France, and Japan, as evidenced by treaties governing friendship, commerce, and navigation.
(2) At the time of the arrival of the first nonindigenous people in Hawaii in 1778, the Native Hawaiian people lived in a highly organized, self-sufficient subsistence social system based on a communal land tenure system with a sophisticated language, culture, and religion.
(3) A unified monarchal government of the Hawaiian Islands was established in 1810 under Kamehameha I, the first King of Hawaii.
(4) From 1826 until 1893, the United States recognized the sovereignty and independence of the Kingdom of Hawaii, which was established in 1810 under Kamehameha I, extended full and complete diplomatic recognition to the Kingdom of Hawaii, and entered into treaties and conventions with the Kingdom of Hawaii to govern friendship, commerce and navigation in 1826, 1842, 1849, 1875, and 1887.
(5) In 1893, the sovereign, independent, internationally recognized, and indigenous government of Hawaii, the Kingdom of Hawaii, was overthrown by a small group of non-Hawaiians, including United States citizens, who were assisted in their efforts by the United States Minister, a United States naval representative, and armed naval forces of the United States. Because of the participation of United States agents and citizens in the overthrow of the Kingdom of Hawaii, in 1993 the United States apologized to Native Hawaiians for the overthrow and the deprivation of the rights of Native Hawaiians to self-determination through
(6) In 1898, the joint resolution entitled "Joint Resolution to provide for annexing the Hawaiian Islands to the United States", approved July 7, 1898 (
(7) By 1919, the Native Hawaiian population had declined from an estimated 1,000,000 in 1778 to an alarming 22,600, and in recognition of this severe decline, Congress enacted the Hawaiian Homes Commission Act, 1920 (
(8) Through the enactment of the Hawaiian Homes Commission Act, 1920, Congress affirmed the special relationship between the United States and the Native Hawaiians, which was described by then Secretary of the Interior Franklin K. Lane, who said: "One thing that impressed me . . . was the fact that the natives of the island who are our wards, I should say, and for whom in a sense we are trustees, are falling off rapidly in numbers and many of them are in poverty.".
(9) In 1938, Congress again acknowledged the unique status of the Hawaiian people by including in the Act of June 20, 1938 (
(10) Under the Act entitled "An Act to provide for the admission of the State of Hawaii into the Union", approved March 18, 1959 (
(11) In 1959, under the Act entitled "An Act to provide for the admission of the State of Hawaii into the Union", the United States also ceded to the State of Hawaii title to the public lands formerly held by the United States, but mandated that such lands be held by the State "in public trust" and reaffirmed the special relationship that existed between the United States and the Hawaiian people by retaining the legal responsibility to enforce the public trust responsibility of the State of Hawaii for the betterment of the conditions of Native Hawaiians, as defined in section 201(a) of the Hawaiian Homes Commission Act, 1920.
(12) The United States has recognized and reaffirmed that—
(A) Native Hawaiians have a cultural, historic, and land-based link to the indigenous people who exercised sovereignty over the Hawaiian Islands, and that group has never relinquished its claims to sovereignty or its sovereign lands;
(B) Congress does not extend services to Native Hawaiians because of their race, but because of their unique status as the indigenous people of a once sovereign nation as to whom the United States has established a trust relationship;
(C) Congress has also delegated broad authority to administer a portion of the Federal trust responsibility to the State of Hawaii;
(D) the political status of Native Hawaiians is comparable to that of American Indians and Alaska Natives; and
(E) the aboriginal, indigenous people of the United States have—
(i) a continuing right to autonomy in their internal affairs; and
(ii) an ongoing right of self-determination and self-governance that has never been extinguished.
(13) The political relationship between the United States and the Native Hawaiian people has been recognized and reaffirmed by the United States, as evidenced by the inclusion of Native Hawaiians in—
(A) the Native American Programs Act of 1974 (
(B) the American Indian Religious Freedom Act (
(C) the National Museum of the American Indian Act (
(D) the Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act (
(E) the National Historic Preservation Act (
(F) the Native American Languages Act (
(G) the American Indian, Alaska Native, and Native Hawaiian Culture and Art Development Act (
(H) the Workforce Investment Act of 1998 (
(I) the Older Americans Act of 1965 (
(14) In 1981, Congress instructed the Office of Education to submit to Congress a comprehensive report on Native Hawaiian education. The report, entitled the "Native Hawaiian Educational Assessment Project", was released in 1983 and documented that Native Hawaiians scored below parity with regard to national norms on standardized achievement tests, were disproportionately represented in many negative social and physical statistics indicative of special educational needs, and had educational needs that were related to their unique cultural situation, such as different learning styles and low self-image.
(15) In recognition of the educational needs of Native Hawaiians, in 1988, Congress enacted title IV of the Augustus F. Hawkins-Robert T. Stafford Elementary and Secondary School Improvement Amendments of 1988 (
(16) In 1993, the Kamehameha Schools Bishop Estate released a 10-year update of findings of the Native Hawaiian Educational Assessment Project, which found that despite the successes of the programs established under title IV of the Augustus F. Hawkins-Robert T. Stafford Elementary and Secondary School Improvement Amendments of 1988, many of the same educational needs still existed for Native Hawaiians. Subsequent reports by the Kamehameha Schools Bishop Estate and other organizations have generally confirmed those findings. For example—
(A) educational risk factors continue to start even before birth for many Native Hawaiian children, including—
(i) late or no prenatal care;
(ii) high rates of births by Native Hawaiian women who are unmarried; and
(iii) high rates of births to teenage parents;
(B) Native Hawaiian students continue to begin their school experience lagging behind other students in terms of readiness factors such as vocabulary test scores;
(C) Native Hawaiian students continue to score below national norms on standardized education achievement tests at all grade levels;
(D) both public and private schools continue to show a pattern of lower percentages of Native Hawaiian students in the uppermost achievement levels and in gifted and talented programs;
(E) Native Hawaiian students continue to be overrepresented among students qualifying for special education programs provided to students with learning disabilities, mild intellectual disabilities, emotional impairment, and other such disabilities;
(F) Native Hawaiians continue to be underrepresented in institutions of higher education and among adults who have completed four or more years of college;
(G) Native Hawaiians continue to be disproportionately represented in many negative social and physical statistics indicative of special educational needs, as demonstrated by the fact that—
(i) Native Hawaiian students are more likely to be retained in grade level and to be excessively absent in secondary school;
(ii) Native Hawaiian students have the highest rates of drug and alcohol use in the State of Hawaii; and
(iii) Native Hawaiian children continue to be disproportionately victimized by child abuse and neglect; and
(H) Native Hawaiians now comprise over 23 percent of the students served by the State of Hawaii Department of Education, and there are and will continue to be geographically rural, isolated areas with a high Native Hawaiian population density.
(17) In the 1998 National Assessment of Educational Progress, Hawaiian fourth-graders ranked 39th among groups of students from 39 States in reading. Given that Hawaiian students rank among the lowest groups of students nationally in reading, and that Native Hawaiian students rank the lowest among Hawaiian students in reading, it is imperative that greater focus be placed on beginning reading and early education and literacy in Hawaii.
(18) The findings described in paragraphs (16) and (17) are inconsistent with the high rates of literacy and integration of traditional culture and Western education historically achieved by Native Hawaiians through a Hawaiian language-based public school system established in 1840 by Kamehameha III.
(19) Following the overthrow of the Kingdom of Hawaii in 1893, Hawaiian medium schools were banned. After annexation, throughout the territorial and statehood period of Hawaii, and until 1986, use of the Hawaiian language as an instructional medium in education in public schools was declared unlawful. The declaration caused incalculable harm to a culture that placed a very high value on the power of language, as exemplified in the traditional saying: "I ka 'ōlelo nō ke ola; I ka 'ōlelo nō ka make. In the language rests life; In the language rests death.".
(20) Despite the consequences of over 100 years of nonindigenous influence, the Native Hawaiian people are determined to preserve, develop, and transmit to future generations their ancestral territory and their cultural identity in accordance with their own spiritual and traditional beliefs, customs, practices, language, and social institutions.
(21) The State of Hawaii, in the constitution and statutes of the State of Hawaii—
(A) reaffirms and protects the unique right of the Native Hawaiian people to practice and perpetuate their culture and religious customs, beliefs, practices, and language;
(B) recognizes the traditional language of the Native Hawaiian people as an official language of the State of Hawaii, which may be used as the language of instruction for all subjects and grades in the public school system; and
(C) promotes the study of the Hawaiian culture, language, and history by providing a Hawaiian education program and using community expertise as a suitable and essential means to further the program.
(
References in Text
Joint Resolution to provide for annexing the Hawaiian Islands to the United States, approved July 7, 1898, referred to in par. (6), is act July 7, 1898, No. 55,
The Hawaiian Homes Commission Act, 1920, referred to in pars. (7), (8), and (11), is act July 9, 1921, ch. 42,
Act of June 20, 1938, referred to in par. (9), is act June 20, 1938, ch. 530,
An Act to provide for the admission of the State of Hawaii into the Union, referred to in pars. (10) and (11), is
The Native American Programs Act of 1974, referred to in par. (13)(A), is title VIII of
The American Indian Religious Freedom Act, referred to in par. (13)(B), is
The National Museum of the American Indian Act, referred to in par. (13)(C), is
The Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act, referred to in par. (13)(D), is
The National Historic Preservation Act, referred to in par. (13)(E), is
The Native American Languages Act, referred to in par. (13)(F), is title I of
The American Indian, Alaska Native, and Native Hawaiian Culture and Art Development Act, referred to in par. (13)(G), is title XV of
The Workforce Investment Act of 1998, referred to in par. (13)(H), is
The Older Americans Act of 1965, referred to in par. (13)(I), is
The Augustus F. Hawkins-Robert T. Stafford Elementary and Secondary School Improvement Amendments of 1988, referred to in pars. (15) and (16), is
Prior Provisions
A prior section 7512,
Amendments
2010—Par. (16)(E).
Definitions
For meaning of references to an intellectual disability and to individuals with intellectual disabilities in provisions amended by section 2 of
§7513. Purposes
The purposes of this part are to—
(1) authorize and develop innovative educational programs to assist Native Hawaiians;
(2) provide direction and guidance to appropriate Federal, State, and local agencies to focus resources, including resources made available under this part, on Native Hawaiian education, and to provide periodic assessment and data collection;
(3) supplement and expand programs and authorities in the area of education to further the purposes of this subchapter; and
(4) encourage the maximum participation of Native Hawaiians in planning and management of Native Hawaiian education programs.
(
Prior Provisions
A prior section 7513,
§7514. Native Hawaiian Education Council and island councils
(a) Establishment of Native Hawaiian Education Council
In order to better effectuate the purposes of this part through the coordination of educational and related services and programs available to Native Hawaiians, including those programs receiving funding under this part, the Secretary is authorized to establish a Native Hawaiian Education Council (hereafter in this part referred to as the "Education Council").
(b) Composition of Education Council
The Education Council shall consist of not more than 21 members, unless otherwise determined by a majority of the council.
(c) Conditions and terms
(1) Conditions
At least 10 members of the Education Council shall be Native Hawaiian education service providers and 10 members of the Education Council shall be Native Hawaiians or Native Hawaiian education consumers. In addition, a representative of the State of Hawaii Office of Hawaiian Affairs shall serve as a member of the Education Council.
(2) Appointments
The members of the Education Council shall be appointed by the Secretary based on recommendations received from the Native Hawaiian community.
(3) Terms
Members of the Education Council shall serve for staggered terms of 3 years, except as provided in paragraph (4).
(4) Council determinations
Additional conditions and terms relating to membership on the Education Council, including term lengths and term renewals, shall be determined by a majority of the Education Council.
(d) Native Hawaiian Education Council grant
The Secretary shall make a direct grant to the Education Council to carry out the following activities:
(1) Coordinate the educational and related services and programs available to Native Hawaiians, including the programs assisted under this part.
(2) Assess the extent to which such services and programs meet the needs of Native Hawaiians, and collect data on the status of Native Hawaiian education.
(3) Provide direction and guidance, through the issuance of reports and recommendations, to appropriate Federal, State, and local agencies in order to focus and improve the use of resources, including resources made available under this part, relating to Native Hawaiian education, and serve, where appropriate, in an advisory capacity.
(4) Make direct grants, if such grants enable the Education Council to carry out the duties of the Education Council, as described in paragraphs (1) through (3).
(e) Additional duties of the Education Council
(1) In general
The Education Council shall provide copies of any reports and recommendations issued by the Education Council, including any information that the Education Council provides to the Secretary pursuant to subsection (i) of this section, to the Secretary, the Committee on Education and the Workforce of the House of Representatives, and the Committee on Indian Affairs of the Senate.
(2) Annual report
The Education Council shall prepare and submit to the Secretary an annual report on the Education Council's activities.
(3) Island council support and assistance
The Education Council shall provide such administrative support and financial assistance to the island councils established pursuant to subsection (f) of this section as the Secretary determines to be appropriate, in a manner that supports the distinct needs of each island council.
(f) Establishment of island councils
(1) In general
In order to better effectuate the purposes of this part and to ensure the adequate representation of island and community interests within the Education Council, the Secretary is authorized to facilitate the establishment of Native Hawaiian education island councils (hereafter in this part referred to as an "island council") for the following islands:
(A) Hawaii.
(B) Maui.
(C) Molokai.
(D) Lanai.
(E) Oahu.
(F) Kauai.
(G) Niihau.
(2) Composition of island councils
Each island council shall consist of parents, students, and other community members who have an interest in the education of Native Hawaiians, and shall be representative of individuals concerned with the educational needs of all age groups, from children in preschool through adults. At least three-fourths of the members of each island council shall be Native Hawaiians.
(g) Administrative provisions relating to Education Council and island councils
The Education Council and each island council shall meet at the call of the chairperson of the appropriate council, or upon the request of the majority of the members of the appropriate council, but in any event not less often than four times during each calendar year. The provisions of the Federal Advisory Committee Act shall not apply to the Education Council and each island council.
(h) Compensation
Members of the Education Council and each island council shall not receive any compensation for service on the Education Council and each island council, respectively.
(i) Report
Not later than 4 years after January 8, 2002, the Secretary shall prepare and submit to the Committee on Education and the Workforce of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Indian Affairs of the Senate a report that summarizes the annual reports of the Education Council, describes the allocation and use of funds under this part, and contains recommendations for changes in Federal, State, and local policy to advance the purposes of this part.
(
References in Text
The Federal Advisory Committee Act, referred to in subsec. (g), is
Prior Provisions
A prior section 7514,
Change of Name
Committee on Education and the Workforce of House of Representatives changed to Committee on Education and Labor of House of Representatives by House Resolution No. 6, One Hundred Tenth Congress, Jan. 5, 2007.
§7515. Program authorized
(a) General authority
(1) Grants and contracts
The Secretary is authorized to make direct grants to, or enter into contracts with—
(A) Native Hawaiian educational organizations;
(B) Native Hawaiian community-based organizations;
(C) public and private nonprofit organizations, agencies, and institutions with experience in developing or operating Native Hawaiian programs or programs of instruction in the Native Hawaiian language; and
(D) consortia of the organizations, agencies, and institutions described in subparagraphs (A) through (C),
to carry out programs that meet the purposes of this part.
(2) Priorities
In awarding grants or contracts to carry out activities described in paragraph (3), the Secretary shall give priority to entities proposing projects that are designed to address—
(A) beginning reading and literacy among students in kindergarten through third grade;
(B) the needs of at-risk children and youth;
(C) needs in fields or disciplines in which Native Hawaiians are underemployed; and
(D) the use of the Hawaiian language in instruction.
(3) Authorized activities
Activities provided through programs carried out under this part may include—
(A) the development and maintenance of a statewide Native Hawaiian early education and care system to provide a continuum of services for Native Hawaiian children from the prenatal period of the children through age 5;
(B) the operation of family-based education centers that provide such services as—
(i) programs for Native Hawaiian parents and their infants from the prenatal period of the infants through age 3;
(ii) preschool programs for Native Hawaiians; and
(iii) research on, and development and assessment of, family-based, early childhood, and preschool programs for Native Hawaiians;
(C) activities that enhance beginning reading and literacy in either the Hawaiian or the English language among Native Hawaiian students in kindergarten through third grade and assistance in addressing the distinct features of combined English and Hawaiian literacy for Hawaiian speakers in fifth and sixth grade;
(D) activities to meet the special needs of Native Hawaiian students with disabilities, including—
(i) the identification of such students and their needs;
(ii) the provision of support services to the families of those students; and
(iii) other activities consistent with the requirements of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act [
(E) activities that address the special needs of Native Hawaiian students who are gifted and talented, including—
(i) educational, psychological, and developmental activities designed to assist in the educational progress of those students; and
(ii) activities that involve the parents of those students in a manner designed to assist in the students' educational progress;
(F) the development of academic and vocational curricula to address the needs of Native Hawaiian children and adults, including curriculum materials in the Hawaiian language and mathematics and science curricula that incorporate Native Hawaiian tradition and culture;
(G) professional development activities for educators, including—
(i) the development of programs to prepare prospective teachers to address the unique needs of Native Hawaiian students within the context of Native Hawaiian culture, language, and traditions;
(ii) in-service programs to improve the ability of teachers who teach in schools with concentrations of Native Hawaiian students to meet those students' unique needs; and
(iii) the recruitment and preparation of Native Hawaiians, and other individuals who live in communities with a high concentration of Native Hawaiians, to become teachers;
(H) the operation of community-based learning centers that address the needs of Native Hawaiian families and communities through the coordination of public and private programs and services, including—
(i) preschool programs;
(ii) after-school programs;
(iii) vocational and adult education programs; and
(iv) programs that recognize and support the unique cultural and educational needs of Native Hawaiian children, and incorporate appropriately qualified Native Hawaiian elders and seniors;
(I) activities, including program co-location, to enable Native Hawaiians to enter and complete programs of postsecondary education, including—
(i) provision of full or partial scholarships for undergraduate or graduate study that are awarded to students based on their academic promise and financial need, with a priority, at the graduate level, given to students entering professions in which Native Hawaiians are underrepresented;
(ii) family literacy services;
(iii) counseling and support services for students receiving scholarship assistance;
(iv) counseling and guidance for Native Hawaiian secondary students who have the potential to receive scholarships; and
(v) faculty development activities designed to promote the matriculation of Native Hawaiian students;
(J) research and data collection activities to determine the educational status and needs of Native Hawaiian children and adults;
(K) other research and evaluation activities related to programs carried out under this part; and
(L) other activities, consistent with the purposes of this part, to meet the educational needs of Native Hawaiian children and adults.
(4) Special rule and conditions
(A) Institutions outside Hawaii
The Secretary shall not establish a policy under this section that prevents a Native Hawaiian student enrolled at a 2- or 4-year degree granting institution of higher education outside of the State of Hawaii from receiving a scholarship pursuant to paragraph (3)(I).
(B) Scholarship conditions
The Secretary shall establish conditions for receipt of a scholarship awarded under paragraph (3)(I). The conditions shall require that an individual seeking such a scholarship enter into a contract to provide professional services, either during the scholarship period or upon completion of a program of postsecondary education, to the Native Hawaiian community.
(b) Administrative costs
Not more than 5 percent of funds provided to a recipient of a grant or contract under subsection (a) of this section for any fiscal year may be used for administrative purposes.
(c) Authorization of appropriations
(1) In general
There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section and
(2) Reservation
Of the funds appropriated under this subsection, the Secretary shall reserve $500,000 for fiscal year 2002 and each of the 5 succeeding fiscal years to make a direct grant to the Education Council to carry out
(3) Availability
Funds appropriated under this subsection shall remain available until expended.
(
References in Text
The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, referred to in subsec. (a)(3)(D)(iii), is title VI of
Prior Provisions
A prior section 7515,
§7516. Administrative provisions
(a) Application required
No grant may be made under this part, and no contract may be entered into under this part, unless the entity seeking the grant or contract submits an application to the Secretary at such time, in such manner, and containing such information as the Secretary may determine to be necessary to carry out the provisions of this part.
(b) Special rule
Each applicant for a grant or contract under this part shall submit the application for comment to the local educational agency serving students who will participate in the program to be carried out under the grant or contract, and include those comments, if any, with the application to the Secretary.
(
Prior Provisions
A prior section 7516,
§7517. Definitions
In this part:
(1) Native Hawaiian
The term "Native Hawaiian" means any individual who is—
(A) a citizen of the United States; and
(B) a descendant of the aboriginal people who, prior to 1778, occupied and exercised sovereignty in the area that now comprises the State of Hawaii, as evidenced by—
(i) genealogical records;
(ii) Kupuna (elders) or Kamaaina (long-term community residents) verification; or
(iii) certified birth records.
(2) Native Hawaiian community-based organization
The term "Native Hawaiian community-based organization" means any organization that is composed primarily of Native Hawaiians from a specific community and that assists in the social, cultural, and educational development of Native Hawaiians in that community.
(3) Native Hawaiian educational organization
The term "Native Hawaiian educational organization" means a private nonprofit organization that—
(A) serves the interests of Native Hawaiians;
(B) has Native Hawaiians in substantive and policymaking positions within the organization;
(C) incorporates Native Hawaiian perspective, values, language, culture, and traditions into the core function of the organization;
(D) has demonstrated expertise in the education of Native Hawaiian youth; and
(E) has demonstrated expertise in research and program development.
(4) Native Hawaiian language
The term "Native Hawaiian language" means the single Native American language indigenous to the original inhabitants of the State of Hawaii.
(5) Native Hawaiian organization
The term "Native Hawaiian organization" means a private nonprofit organization that—
(A) serves the interests of Native Hawaiians;
(B) has Native Hawaiians in substantive and policymaking positions within the organization; and
(C) is recognized by the Governor of Hawaii for the purpose of planning, conducting, or administering programs (or portions of programs) for the benefit of Native Hawaiians.
(6) Office of Hawaiian Affairs
The term "Office of Hawaiian Affairs" means the Office of Hawaiian Affairs established by the Constitution of the State of Hawaii.
(
Part C—Alaska Native Education
§7541. Short title
This part may be cited as the "Alaska Native Educational Equity, Support, and Assistance Act".
(
Prior Provisions
Provisions naming former part C (§7931 et seq.) of subchapter IX of this chapter as the "Alaska Native Educational Equity, Support and Assistance Act" were contained in
A prior section 7541,
§7542. Findings
Congress finds and declares the following:
(1) The attainment of educational success is critical to the betterment of the conditions, long-term well-being, and preservation of the culture of Alaska Natives.
(2) It is the policy of the Federal Government to encourage the maximum participation by Alaska Natives in the planning and the management of Alaska Native education programs.
(3) Alaska Native children enter and exit school with serious educational handicaps.
(4) The educational achievement of Alaska Native children is far below national norms. Native performance on standardized tests is low, Native student dropout rates are high, and Natives are significantly underrepresented among holders of baccalaureate degrees in the State of Alaska. As a result, Native students are being denied their opportunity to become full participants in society by grade school and high school educations that are condemning an entire generation to an underclass status and a life of limited choices.
(5) The programs authorized in this part, combined with expanded Head Start, infant learning, and early childhood education programs, and parent education programs, are essential if educational handicaps are to be overcome.
(6) The sheer magnitude of the geographic barriers to be overcome in delivering educational services in rural Alaska and Alaska villages should be addressed through the development and implementation of innovative, model programs in a variety of areas.
(7) Native children should be afforded the opportunity to begin their formal education on a par with their non-Native peers. The Federal Government should lend support to efforts developed by and undertaken within the Alaska Native community to improve educational opportunity for all students.
(
Prior Provisions
A prior section 7542,
§7543. Purposes
The purposes of this part are as follows:
(1) To recognize the unique educational needs of Alaska Natives.
(2) To authorize the development of supplemental educational programs to benefit Alaska Natives.
(3) To supplement existing programs and authorities in the area of education to further the purposes of this part.
(4) To provide direction and guidance to appropriate Federal, State and local agencies to focus resources, including resources made available under this part, on meeting the educational needs of Alaska Natives.
(
Prior Provisions
A prior section 7543,
§7544. Program authorized
(a) General authority
(1) Grants and contracts
The Secretary is authorized to make grants to, or enter into contracts with, Alaska Native organizations, educational entities with experience in developing or operating Alaska Native programs or programs of instruction conducted in Alaska Native languages, cultural and community-based organizations with experience in developing or operating programs to benefit Alaska Natives, and consortia of organizations and entities described in this paragraph to carry out programs that meet the purposes of this part.
(2) Permissible activities
Activities provided through programs carried out under this part may include the following:
(A) The development and implementation of plans, methods, and strategies to improve the education of Alaska Natives.
(B) The development of curricula and educational programs that address the educational needs of Alaska Native students, including the following:
(i) Curriculum materials that reflect the cultural diversity or the contributions of Alaska Natives.
(ii) Instructional programs that make use of Native Alaskan languages.
(iii) Networks that introduce successful programs, materials, and techniques to urban and rural schools.
(C) Professional development activities for educators, including the following:
(i) Programs to prepare teachers to address the cultural diversity and unique needs of Alaska Native students.
(ii) In-service programs to improve the ability of teachers to meet the unique needs of Alaska Native students.
(iii) Recruitment and preparation of teachers who are Alaska Native, reside in communities with high concentrations of Alaska Native students, or are likely to succeed as teachers in isolated, rural communities and engage in cross-cultural instruction in Alaska.
(D) The development and operation of home instruction programs for Alaska Native preschool children, to ensure the active involvement of parents in their children's education from the earliest ages.
(E) Family literacy services.
(F) The development and operation of student enrichment programs in science and mathematics that—
(i) are designed to prepare Alaska Native students from rural areas, who are preparing to enter secondary school, to excel in science and math;
(ii) provide appropriate support services to the families of such students that are needed to enable such students to benefit from the programs; and
(iii) may include activities that recognize and support the unique cultural and educational needs of Alaska Native children, and incorporate appropriately qualified Alaska Native elders and seniors.
(G) Research and data collection activities to determine the educational status and needs of Alaska Native children and adults.
(H) Other research and evaluation activities related to programs carried out under this part.
(I) Remedial and enrichment programs to assist Alaska Native students in performing at a high level on standardized tests.
(J) Education and training of Alaska Native students enrolled in a degree program that will lead to certification or licensing as teachers.
(K) Parenting education for parents and caregivers of Alaska Native children to improve parenting and caregiving skills (including skills relating to discipline and cognitive development), including parenting education provided through in-home visitation of new mothers.
(L) Cultural education programs operated by the Alaska Native Heritage Center and designed to share the Alaska Native culture with students.
(M) A cultural exchange program operated by the Alaska Humanities Forum and designed to share Alaska Native culture with urban students in a rural setting, which shall be known as the Rose Cultural Exchange Program.
(N) Activities carried out through Even Start programs carried out under subpart 3 of part B of subchapter I of this chapter and Head Start programs carried out under the Head Start Act [
(O) Other early learning and preschool programs.
(P) Dropout prevention programs operated by the Cook Inlet Tribal Council's Partners for Success program.
(Q) An Alaska Initiative for Community Engagement program.
(R) Career preparation activities to enable Alaska Native children and adults to prepare for meaningful employment, including programs providing tech-prep, mentoring, training, and apprenticeship activities.
(S) Provision of operational support and purchasing of equipment, to develop regional vocational schools in rural areas of Alaska, including boarding schools, for Alaska Native students in grades 9 through 12, or at higher levels of education, to provide the students with necessary resources to prepare for skilled employment opportunities.
(T) Other activities, consistent with the purposes of this part, to meet the educational needs of Alaska Native children and adults.
(3) Home instruction programs
Home instruction programs for Alaska Native preschool children carried out under paragraph (2)(D) may include the following:
(A) Programs for parents and their infants, from the prenatal period of the infant through age 3.
(B) Preschool programs.
(C) Training, education, and support for parents in such areas as reading readiness, observation, story telling, and critical thinking.
(b) Limitation on administrative costs
Not more than 5 percent of funds provided to a grantee under this section for any fiscal year may be used for administrative purposes.
(c) Priorities
In awarding grants or contracts to carry out activities described in subsection (a)(2) of this section, except for activities listed in subsection (d)(2) of this section, the Secretary shall give priority to applications from Alaska Native regional nonprofit organizations, or consortia that include at least one Alaska Native regional nonprofit organization.
(d) Authorization of appropriations
(1) In general
There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section such sums as may be necessary for fiscal year 2002 and each of the 5 succeeding fiscal years.
(2) Availability of funds
Of the funds appropriated and made available under this section for a fiscal year, the Secretary shall make available—
(A) not less than $1,000,000 to support activities described in subsection (a)(2)(K) of this section;
(B) not less than $1,000,000 to support activities described in subsection (a)(2)(L) of this section;
(C) not less than $1,000,000 to support activities described in subsection (a)(2)(M) of this section;
(D) not less than $2,000,000 to support activities described in subsection (a)(2)(P) of this section; and
(E) not less than $2,000,000 to support activities described in subsection (a)(2)(Q) of this section.
(
References in Text
The Head Start Act, referred to in subsec. (a)(2)(N), is subchapter B (§635 et seq.) of
Prior Provisions
A prior section 7544,
Amendments
2003—Subsec. (a)(2)(P).
§7545. Administrative provisions
(a) Application required
No grant may be made under this part, and no contract may be entered into under this part, unless the entity seeking the grant or contract submits an application to the Secretary in such form, in such manner, and containing such information as the Secretary may determine necessary to carry out the provisions of this part.
(b) Applications
A State educational agency or local educational agency may apply for an award under this part only as part of a consortium involving an Alaska Native organization. The consortium may include other eligible applicants.
(c) Consultation required
Each applicant for an award under this part shall provide for ongoing advice from and consultation with representatives of the Alaska Native community.
(d) Local educational agency coordination
Each applicant for an award under this part shall inform each local educational agency serving students who would participate in the program to be carried out under the grant or contract about the application.
(
Prior Provisions
A prior section 7545,
§7546. Definitions
In this part:
(1) Alaska Native
The term "Alaska Native" has the same meaning as the term "Native" has in
(2) Alaska Native organization
The term "Alaska Native organization" means a federally recognized tribe, consortium of tribes, regional nonprofit Native association, and another organization that—
(A) has or commits to acquire expertise in the education of Alaska Natives; and
(B) has Alaska Natives in substantive and policymaking positions within the organization.
(
Prior Provisions
A prior section 7546,
Prior sections 7547 to 7602 were omitted in the general amendment of this subchapter by
Section 7547,
Section 7548,
Section 7549,
Section 7571,
Section 7572,
Section 7573,
Section 7574,
Section 7575,
Section 7601,
Section 7602,