PATRIOTIC AND NATIONAL OBSERVANCES, CEREMONIES, AND ORGANIZATIONS
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TITLE 36—PATRIOTIC AND NATIONAL OBSERVANCES, CEREMONIES, AND ORGANIZATIONS

This title was enacted by Pub. L. 105–225, §1, Aug. 12, 1998, 112 Stat. 1253

Subtitle I—Patriotic and National Observances and Ceremonies

Part A—Observances and Ceremonies

Chap.
Sec.
1.
Patriotic and National Observances
101
3.
National Anthem, Motto, Floral Emblem, March, and Tree
301
5.
Presidential Inaugural Ceremonies
501
7.
Federal Participation in Carl Garner Federal Lands Cleanup Day
701
9.
Miscellaneous
901

        

Part B—United States Government Organizations Involved With Observances and Ceremonies

21.
American Battle Monuments Commission
2101
23.
United States Holocaust Memorial Council 1
2301

        

25.
President's Committee on Employment of People With Disabilities
2501

        

Subtitle II—Patriotic and National Organizations

Part A—General

101.
General
10101

        

Part B—Organizations

201.
Agricultural Hall of Fame
20101
202.
Air Force Sergeants Association
20201
203.
American Academy of Arts and Letters
20301
205.
American Chemical Society
20501
207.
American Council of Learned Societies
20701
209.
American Ex-Prisoners of War
20901
210.
American GI Forum of the United States
21001
211.
American Gold Star Mothers, Incorporated
21101
213.
American Historical Association
21301
215.
American Hospital of Paris
21501
217.
The American Legion
21701
219.
The American National Theater and Academy
21901
221.
The American Society of International Law
22101
223.
American Symphony Orchestra League
22301
225.
American War Mothers
22501
227.
AMVETS (American Veterans)
22701
229.
Army and Navy Union of the United States of America
22901
231.
Aviation Hall of Fame
23101
233 through 299. reserved
301.
Big Brothers—Big Sisters of America
30101
303.
Blinded Veterans Association
30301
305.
Blue Star Mothers of America, Inc.
30501
307.
Board For 2 Fundamental Education
30701

        

309.
Boy Scouts of America
30901
311.
Boys & Girls Clubs of America
31101
313 through 399. reserved
401.
Catholic War Veterans of the United States of America, Incorporated
40101
403.
Civil Air Patrol
40301
405.
Congressional Medal of Honor Society of the United States of America
40501
407.
Corporation for the Promotion of Rifle Practice and Firearms Safety
40701
409 through 499. reserved
501.
Daughters of Union Veterans of the Civil War 1861–1865
50101
503.
Disabled American Veterans
50301
505 through 599. reserved
601.
82nd Airborne Division Association, Incorporated
60101
603 through 699. reserved
701.
Fleet Reserve Association
70101
703.
Former Members of Congress
70301
705.
The Foundation of the Federal Bar Association
70501
707.
Frederick Douglass Memorial and Historical Association
70701
709.
Future Farmers of America
70901
711 through 799. reserved
801.
General Federation of Women's Clubs
80101
803.
Girl Scouts of the United States of America
80301
805.
Gold Star Wives of America
80501
807 through 899. reserved
901.
Help America Vote Foundation
90101
903 through 999. reserved
1001.
Italian American War Veterans of the United States
100101
1003 through 1099. reserved
1101.
Jewish War Veterans of the United States of America, Incorporated
110101
1103.
Jewish War Veterans, U.S.A., National Memorial, Incorporated
110301
1105 through 1199. reserved
1201.
Korean War Veterans Association, Incorporated
120101
1203 through 1299. reserved
1301.
Ladies of the Grand Army of the Republic
130101
1303.
Legion of Valor of the United States of America, Incorporated
130301
1305.
Little League Baseball, Incorporated
130501
1307 through 1399. reserved
1401.
Marine Corps League
140101
1403.
The Military Chaplains Association of the United States of America
140301
1404.
Military Officers Association of America
140401
1405.
Military Order of the Purple Heart of the United States of America, Incorporated
140501
1407.
Military Order of the World Wars
140701
1409 through 1499. reserved
1501.
National Academy of Public Administration
150101
1503.
National Academy of Sciences
150301
1504.
National American Indian Veterans, Incorporated
150401
1505.
National Conference of State Societies, Washington, District of Columbia
150501
1507.
National Conference on Citizenship
150701
1509.
National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements
150901
1511.
National Education Association of the United States
151101
1513.
National Fallen Firefighters Foundation
151301
1515.
National Federation of Music Clubs
151501
1517.
National Film Preservation Foundation
151701
1519.
National Fund for Medical Education
151901
1521.
National Mining Hall of Fame and Museum
152101
1523.
National Music Council
152301
1524.
National Recording Preservation Foundation
152401
1525.
National Safety Council
152501
1527.
National Ski Patrol System, Incorporated
152701
1529.
National Society, Daughters of the American Colonists
152901
1531.
The National Society of the Daughters of the American Revolution
153101
1533.
National Society of the Sons of the American Revolution
153301
1535.
National Tropical Botanical Garden
153501
1537.
National Woman's Relief Corps, Auxiliary to the Grand Army of the Republic
153701
1539.
The National Yeomen (F)
153901
1541.
Naval Sea Cadet Corps
154101
1543.
Navy Club of the United States of America
154301
1545.
Navy Wives Clubs of America
154501
1547.
Non Commissioned Officers Association of the United States of America, Incorporated
154701
1549 through 1599. reserved
1601 through 1699. reserved
1701.
Paralyzed Veterans of America
170101
1703.
Pearl Harbor Survivors Association
170301
1705.
Polish Legion of American Veterans, U.S.A.
170501
1707 through 1799. reserved
1801 through 1899. reserved
1901.
Reserve Officers Association of the United States
190101
1903.
Retired Enlisted Association, Incorporated
190301
1905 through 1999. reserved
2001.
Society of American Florists and Ornamental Horticulturists
200101
2003.
Sons of Union Veterans of the Civil War
200301
2005 through 2099. reserved
2101.
Theodore Roosevelt Association
210101
2103.
369th Veterans' Association
210301
2105 through 2199. reserved
2201.
United Service Organizations, Incorporated
220101
2203.
United States Capitol Historical Society
220301
2205.
United States Olympic and Paralympic Committee
220501
2207.
United States Submarine Veterans of World War II
220701
2209 through 2299. reserved
2301.
Veterans of Foreign Wars of the United States
230101
2303.
Veterans of World War I of the United States of America, Incorporated
230301
2305.
Vietnam Veterans of America, Inc.
230501
2307 through 2399. reserved
2401.
Women's Army Corps Veterans' Association
240101
2403 through 2499. reserved
2501 through 2599. reserved
2601 through 2699. reserved
2701 through 2799. reserved

        

Subtitle III—Treaty Obligation Organizations

3001.
The American National Red Cross
300101

        

Editorial Notes

Amendments

2023Pub. L. 118–31, div. E, title LI, §5103(b), Dec. 22, 2023, 137 Stat. 938, which directed amendment of analysis for subtitle II of this title by adding item 1504, was executed by making the addition to this analysis to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

2020Pub. L. 116–189, §4(b), Oct. 30, 2020, 134 Stat. 946, which directed amendment of analysis for part B of subtitle II of this title by substituting "United States Olympic and Paralympic Committee" for "United States Olympic Committee" in item for chapter 2205, was executed by making the substitution in this analysis to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

2014Pub. L. 113–237, §3(a)(1), Dec. 18, 2014, 128 Stat. 2833, added complete analysis and struck out former analysis which consisted only of items for subtitles I to III.

Table Showing Disposition of All Sections of Former Title 36
Title 36

Former Sections

Title 36

New Sections

1, 1a, 2 (1st sentence words before 2d comma) 300101
2 (1st sentence words between 2d comma and 3d semicolon) 300105
2 (1st sentence words between 3d and 4th semicolons) 300106
2 (1st sentence words after 4th semicolon) 300105
2 (last sentence) 300106
3 300102
4 Prev. Rep.
4a 300103
5 (matter before (a)), (a), (b), (c) (1st–5th pars.) 300104
5(c) (6th par.) 300107
5(c) (last par.) 300104
6, 7 300110
8 300111
9 300109
10–12 Prev. Rep.
13 300108
14 Rep.
15 300108
16 Rep.
17, 17a, 17b Prev. Rep.
18 (words before "for patriotic") 153101
18 (words beginning with "for patriotic") 153102
18a (1st sentence) 153103
18a (last sentence) 153105
18b (1st sentence) 153107
18b (last sentence) 153106
18c 153104
20 (1st sentence words before "for the promotion") 21301
20 (1st sentence words beginning with "for the promotion") 21302
20 (2d sentence) 21303
20 (3d sentence words before 2d comma) 21305
20 (3d sentence words after 2d comma) 21304
20 (4th, 5th sentences) 21307
20 (last sentence) 21306
20a 153301
20b 153302
20c 153303
20d 153304
20e, 20f 153301
20g 10102
21, 22 (words before 2d comma) 30901
22 (words after 2d comma) 30904
23 30902
24 (words before semicolon) 30904
24 (words after semicolon) 30906
25 (1st–5th sentences) 30903
25 (6th sentence) 30904
25 (7th, 8th sentences) 30903
25 (last sentence) 30904
26 30907
27 30905
28 30908
29 10102
31, 32 (words before 2d comma) 80301
32 (words after 2d comma) 80304
33 (words before 19th comma) 80302
33 (words after 19th comma) 80306
34 (1st–7th sentences) 80303
34 (last sentence) 80304
35 80303
36 80305
37 80307
38 80304
38a 10102
39 80307
41, 42 21701
43 21702
44 (words before 4th semicolon less perpetual succession) 21704
44 (words before 4th semicolon related to perpetual succession) 21701
44 (words between 4th and 5th semicolons) 21705
44 (words after 5th semicolon) 21704
45 21703
46 21706
47 21704
48 21705
49 21708
50 21707
51 10102
56–56h Elim.
57 140101
57a 140102
57b(a) 140101
57b(b)–(j) 140103
58 140104
59 10102
61–66 Rep.
67, 67a 22701
67b(1)–(10) 22702
67b(11) 22707
67c (less perpetual succession) 22705
67c (related to perpetual succession) 22701
67d(1), (2) 22707
67d(3) 22704
67d(4) 22708
67e (words before 3d comma, words after 3d comma related to discrimination in membership) 22703
67e (words after 3d comma related to discrimination in holding office) 22704
67f(1) (1st sentence) 22703
67f(1) (last sentence), (2) 22704
67g 22705
67h 22712
67i(1) 22701
67i(2)–(5) 22705
67j 22711
67k 22710
67l 22704
67m 22709
67n, 67o 22707
67p 22706
67q 22710
67r 22705
67s 10102
71–77 Elim.
78, 78a 130101
78b 130102
78c(1) 130101
78c(2)–(10) 130105
78d 130103
78e, 78f 130104
78g(a) 130108
78g(b) 130110
78h, 78i 130107
78j 130111
78k 130107
78l 130109
78m Prev. Rep.
78n 130112
78o 130106
78p 130113
78q 10102
81–88 Rep.
90a, 90b 50301
90c 50302
90d (less perpetual succession) 50304
90d (related to perpetual succession) 50301
90e 50303
90f 50306
90g 50304
90h 50305
90i 50308
90j 50307
90k 10102
91, 92 22501
93 22502
94 22508
95 (words before colon) 22504
95 (words between colon and 1st comma) 22501
95 (words after 1st comma) 22504
96 (1st sentence) 22507
96 (last sentence) 22506
97 22503
98 22506
99 22504
100 22505
101 22510
102 22509
103 22501
104 10102
105 22501
111, 112 230101
113 230102
114 (words before 4th semicolon less perpetual succession) 230104
114 (words before 4th semicolon related to perpetual succession) 230101
114 (words between 4th and 5th semicolons) 230105
114 (words after 5th semicolon) 230104
115 230103
116 230104
117 230105
118 230107
119 230106
120 10102
121 (1st, 2d pars.) 2101
121 (3d par.) 2102
121 (last par.) 2101
121a Rep.
121b 2102
122 2101
122a 2102
122b 2104
123 2105
123 note 2112
124 2105
125 2106
125a 2107
125b 2108
126 Prev. Rep.
127 2111
128 2103
129, 130 Prev. Rep.
131 2103
132 2111
133 2103
134, 135 Rep.
135a (Previously transferred to T. 41 §6v and subsequently repealed)
136–138 2103
138a Rep.
138b (1st–3d pars.) 2103
138b (4th par.) 2110
138b (last par.) 2103
138c, 138c note 2109
138d 2103
139 (words before "for patriotic, historical, and educational purposes") 153901
139 (words beginning with "for patriotic, historical, and educational purposes") 153902
139a 153903
139b 153904
140 154301
140 note 10102
140a 154302
140b(a) 154301
140b(b)–(j) 154303
140c 154304
141, 142 117
142a 109
142b 125
142c, 142c–1 134
143 105
144 (See former 170)
145 128
146 107
147, 148 111
149 141
150 103
151 118
151a 134
152 Prev. Rep.
153 106
154 T. 8 §1448a
155 121
155a 2502
155b 2501
156 124
157 110
157a 122
157b 112
158 140
159 108
160 120
161 131
162 115
163 123
164 113
165 130
166 133
167(1), (2) 136
167(3), (4) (related to Police Week) 137
167(4) (related to Peace Officers Memorial Day) 136
168 132
169 143
169a 138
169b 101
169c 114
169d 142
169e 139
169f 126
169g 116
169h 119
169i 104
169i note 701
169i–1(a)(1) 703
169i–1(a)(2) 702
169i–1(b) 704
169i–1(c) Rep.
169j—169j–10 Rep.
169k 102
169l 129
169m 127
170, 171 301
172–178 T. 4 §§4–10
179–182 901
182a–184 Prev. Rep.
185 (See former 169h)
186 302
187 303
188 304
189, 189 note 902
189a 902
201 40301
202 40302
203 40303
204 40305
205 (less perpetual succession) 40304
205 (related to perpetual succession) 40301
206 40306
207 40307
208 10102
221, 222 190101
223 190102
224 (less perpetual succession) 190105
224 (related to perpetual succession) 190101
225 190103
226, 227(a)–(d) 190104
227(e) 190103
228 190105
229, 230, 231 (words before 2d comma) 190107
231 (words after 2d comma) 190112
232 190111
233 190109
234 190107
235 Prev. Rep.
236 (1st sentence) 190108
236 (2d, last sentences), 237 190110
238 190106
239 10102
251 150301
252 150302
253 (words before 1st comma) 150304
253 (words after 1st comma) 150303
254 150302
254 note 10102
271, 272 70901
273 70902
274 70906
275 (1st sentence) 70910
275 (2d, last sentences) 70912
276 70903
277 70905
278 70904
279, 280 70908
281 70913
282 70908
283 70911
284 Prev. Rep.
285 70914
286 70907
287 70912
288 70909
289 70906
290 70901
291 10102
311, 312 140301
313 140302
314(a) 140301
314(b)–(k), 315 140303
316 140304
317 140305
341 22101
342 (1st sentence) 22102
342 (2d, last sentences) 22105
343 22103
344 22106
345 (less perpetual succession) 22104
345 (related to perpetual succession) 22101
346 (1st sentence) 22109
346 (last sentence) 22108
347 22105
348 22107
349 Prev. Rep.
350 22101
351 22104
352 10102
371 (1st sentence) 220502
371 (last sentence) 220508
372 220502
373 220501
374 220503
375(a) (words before cl. (1) less perpetual succession) 220505
375(a) (words before cl. (1) related to perpetual succession) 220502
375(a)(1)–(16), (b) 220505
376 220504
377, 378 220507
379 220505
380 220506
381 220510
382 10102
382a(a) 220511
382a(b) Rep.
382b 220509
383 220502
384 Rep.
391(a) 220521
391(b), (c) 220522
391(d) 220521
392(a)(1)–(3) 220524
392(a)(4) 220525
392(a)(5)–(9) 220524
392(b) 220525
393, 393 note 220523
394 220521
395(a) 220527
395(b)(1)–(4) 220528
395(b)(5) 220521
395(c) 220529
396 220526
401 150502
402 150503
403 150506
404(a) 150509
404(b) 150511
405 150504
406, 407 150505
408 150506
409–411 150508
412 150512
413 150510
414, 415 150508
416 Prev. Rep.
417 150513
418 150507
419 150511
420 150501
421 10102
426 Rep.
431, 432 150701
433 150702
434 150706
435(a) 150709
435(b) 150711
436 150703
437 150704
438 150705
439, 440 150708
441 150712
442 150708
443 150710
444 Prev. Rep.
445 150713
446 150707
447 10102
461, 462 152501
463 152502
464 152505
465(a) 152508
465(b) 152510
466 152503
467–469 152504
470, 471 152507
472 152511
473 152507
474 152509
475 Prev. Rep.
476 152512
477 152506
478 152505
479 10102
491 Rep.
492 Prev. Rep.
493 Elim.
501, 502 30701
503 30702
504 30705
505 (1st sentence) 30708
505 (2d, 3d sentences) 30710
505 (last sentence) 30708
506 30703
507, 508 30704
509, 510 30707
511 30711
512 30707
513 30709
514 Prev. Rep.
515 30712
516 30706
517 30710
518 10102
531, 532 200301
533 200302
534(1) 200301
534(2)–(10) 200305
535 200303
536–538 200304
539(a) 200308
539(b) 200310
540, 541 200307
542 200311
543 200307
544 200309
545 Prev. Rep.
546 200312
547 200306
548 200305
549 200313
550 10102
571, 572 70501
573 70502
574 70505
575(a) 70508
575(b) 70510
576 70503
577, 578 70504
579, 580 70507
581 70511
582 70507
583 70509
584 Prev. Rep.
585 70512
586 70503
587 70506
588 70505
589 10102
601, 602 151901
603 151902
604(1) 151901
604(2)–(9) 151905
605(a) 151907
605(b) 151909
606 151903
607, 608 151904
609, 610 151906
611 151910
612 151906
613 151908
614 Prev. Rep.
615 151911
616 151905
617 10102
631, 632 130301
633 130302
634(1) 130301
634(2)–(9) 130305
635(a) 130307
635(b) 130309
636 130303
637, 638 130304
639, 640 130306
641 130310
642 130306
643 130308
644 Prev. Rep.
645 130311
646 130305
647 10102
648 130301
661, 662 152301
663 152302
664 152305
665 (1st sentence) 152308
665 (2d, 3d sentences) 152310
665 (last sentence) 152308
666 152303
667, 668 152304
669, 670 152307
671 152311
672 152307
673 152309
674 Prev. Rep.
675 152312
676 152306
677 152310
678 152305
679 152301
680 10102
691, 692 31101
693 31102
694(1) 31101
694(2)–(9) 31105
695(a) 31107
695(b) 31109
696 31103
697, 698 31104
699, 700 31106
701 31110
702 31106
703 31108
704 Prev. Rep.
705 31111
706 31105
707 10102
721(a) Rep.
721(b) 501
722(a), (b) 502
723 510
724 503
725 (1st–3d sentences) 504
725 (4th sentence) 508
725 (last sentence) 504
726 Prev. Rep.
727 505
728 (1st, 2d sentences) 506
728 (3d, last sentences) 509
729 507
730 501–505, 508, 510
741–747 Rep.
748 Prev. Rep.
749 Rep.
761, 762 230301
763 230302
764(1) 230301
764(2)–(10) 230305
765 230303
766(a) 230304
766(b) 230303
767, 768 230304
769(a) 230308
769(b) 230310
770, 771 230307
772 230311
773 230307
774 230309
775 Prev. Rep.
776 230312
777 230306
778 230305
779 230313
780 10102
791, 792 40501
793 40502
794 40505
795(a) 40507
795(b) 40509
796 40503
797, 798 40504
799(a) (1st sentence words before last comma) 40506
799(a) (1st sentence words after last comma) 40510
799(a) (last sentence), (b), 800 40506
801 40510
802 40506
803 40508
804 Prev. Rep.
805 40511
806 40505
807 10102
821, 822 140501
823 140502
824(1) 140501
824(2)–(9) 140505
825(a) 140507
825(b) 140510
826 140503
827, 828 140504
829, 830 140506
831 140509
832 140506
833 140508
834 Prev. Rep.
835 140511
836 140505
837 10102
851, 852 30301
853(1)–(3), (4) (less words between 1st comma and semicolon) 30302
853(4) (words between 1st comma and semicolon) 30307
854 30305
855(a) 30308
855(b) 30310
856 30303
857, 858 30304
859, 860 30307
861 30311
862 30307
863 30309
864 Prev. Rep.
865 30312
866 30305
867 30306
868 10102
881, 882 30101
883 30102
884(1) 30101
884(2)–(9) 30105
885(a) 30108
885(b) 30110
886 30103
887, 888 30104
889, 890 30107
891 30111
892 30107
893 30109
894 Prev. Rep.
895 30106
896 30105
897 30112
898 10102
911, 912 110301
913 110302
914(a) 110301
914(b)–(h) 110304
915(a) 110306
915(b) 110308
916, 917 110303
918, 919 110305
920 110309
921 110305
922 110307
923 Prev. Rep.
924 110310
925 110304
926 10102
941, 942 30502
943 30503
944(1) 30502
944(2)–(10) 30506
945 (1st sentence) 30504
945 (last sentence) 30501
946, 947 30505
948 (1st sentence 1st–14th words) 30509
948 (1st sentence 15th–last words, 2d, last sentences) 30511
949, 950 30508
951 30512
952 30508
953 30510
954 Prev. Rep.
955 30513
956 30507
957 30514
958 10102
971, 972 20101
973(A) (1st sentence words before proviso) 20102
973(A) (1st sentence proviso) 20106
973(A) (last sentence), (B)–(G) 20102
974(1) 20101
974(2)–(9) 20105
975(a) 20107
975(b) 20109
976 20103
977, 978 20104
979, 980 20106
981 20110
982 20106
983 20108
984 Prev. Rep.
985 20111
986 20101
987 20105
988 10102
1001, 1002 153701
1003 153702
1004(1) 153701
1004(2)–(8) 153705
1005 153703
1006–1008 153704
1009(a) 153708
1009(b) 153710
1010, 1011 153707
1012 153711
1013 153707
1014 153709
1015 Prev. Rep.
1016 153712
1017 153706
1018 153705
1019 153713
1020 10102
1041 154101
1042 154102
1043 154105
1044(1) 154101
1044(2)–(9) 154105
1045(a) 154108
1045(b) 154110
1046 154103
1047, 1048 154104
1049, 1050 154107
1051 154111
1052 154107
1053 154109
1054 Prev. Rep.
1055 154113
1056 154106
1057 154105
1058 154112
1059 10102
1071, 1072 130501
1073 130502
1074 130505
1075(a) 130508
1075(b) 130511
1076 130503
1077, 1078 130504
1079, 1080 130507
1081 130512
1082 130507
1083 130509
1084 (less (b) (2d sentence cl. (2))) 10101
1084(b) (2d sentence cl. (2)) 130510
1085 130513
1086 130506
1087 130505
1088 10102
1101(1)–(76), (77) (related to Fleet Reserve Association), (79), (80) 10101
1101(77) (related to NNRCF) Rep.
1102, 1103 10101
1151, 1152 170101
1153 170102
1154 (less perpetual succession) 170104
1154 (related to perpetual succession) 170101
1155, 1156 170106
1157 170103
1158 170107
1159 170111
1160 170105
1161 170108
1162 170109
1163 170104
1164 170106
1165 170110
1166 10101
1167 10102
1201, 1202 220301
1203 220302
1204 220305
1205(a) 220310
1205(b) 220312
1206 220303
1207, 1208 220304
1209 220308
1210 220313
1211 220308
1212 220311
1213(a) 10101
1213(b) 220314
1214 220315
1215 220306
1216 (1st sentence) 220305
1216 (last sentence) 220309
1217 220314
1218 10102
1219 220307
1301 220101
1302 220102
1303 220105
1304(a), (b) 220108
1304(c) 220114
1304(d), (e) 220108
1305(a) 220103
1305(b)–(d) 220104
1306 (1st sentence) 220105
1306 (last sentence) 220109
1307 220106
1308 220107
1309(a) 220110
1309(b), (c) 220112
1309(d) 220111
1309(e), (f) 220113
1309(g) (See 36:1101)
1309(h) 10102
1401 2301
1402, 1403 2302
1404 2307
1404 (notes) 2302, 2307
1405 2303
1406 2305
1407 2304
1408 2309
1409 2308
1410 2306
1411 Rep.
1501 152702
1502 152706
1503 152703
1504 152710
1505 152704
1506, 1507 152705
1508 152707
1509 152711
1510 152709
1511 152712
1512 10102
1513 152701
1514 (1st sentence) 152708
1514 (last sentence) 152702
1601 80502
1602 80506
1603 (less discrimination) 80503
1603 (related to discrimination in membership) 80504
1603 (related to discrimination in holding office) 80505
1604 80510
1605 80504
1606, 1607 80505
1608 80507
1609 80511
1610 80509
1611 80512
1612 10102
1613 80501
1614 (1st sentence) 80508
1614 (last sentence) 80502
1701 100102
1702 100106
1703 100103
1704 100110
1705 100104
1706, 1707 100105
1708 100107
1709 100111
1710 100109
1711 100112
1712 10102
1713 100101
1714 (1st sentence) 100108
1714 (last sentence), 1715 100102
1801 220702
1802 220706
1803 220703
1804 220710
1805 220704
1806, 1807 220705
1808 220707
1809 220711
1810 220709
1811 220712
1812 10102
1813 220701
1814 (1st sentence) 220708
1814 (last sentence), 1815 220702
1901 20702
1902 20706
1903 20703
1904 20710
1905 20704
1906, 1907 20705
1908 20707
1909 20711
1910 20709
1911 20712
1912 10102
1913 20701
1914 20708
2001 151502
2002 151506
2003 151503
2004 151510
2005 151504
2006, 2007 151505
2008(a)–(e) 151507
2008(f) 151508
2009 151511
2010 151509
2011 151512
2012 10102
2013 151501
2014 (1st sentence) 151508
2014 (last sentence), 2015 151502
2101 20902
2102 20906
2103 20903
2104 20911
2105 20904
2106, 2107 20905
2108(a)–(e) 20908
2108(f) 20909
2109 20912
2110 20910
2111 20913
2112 10102
2113 20901
2114 (1st sentence) 20909
2114 (last sentence) 20902
2115 20907
2116 20902
2201 70302
2202 70306
2203 70303
2204 70310
2205 70304
2206, 2207 70305
2208 70307
2209 70311
2210 70309
2211 70312
2212 10102
2213 70301
2214 (1st sentence) 70308
2214 (last sentence), 2215 70302
2301 150102
2302 150107
2303 150103
2304 150111
2305 150105
2306, 2307 150106
2308(a)–(e) 150108
2308(f) 150109
2309 150112
2310 150110
2311 150113
2312 10102
2313 150101
2314 (1st sentence) 150109
2314 (last sentence), 2315 150102
2316 150104
2401 21102
2402 21106
2403 21103
2404 21110
2405 (words before 3d comma, words after 3d comma related to discrimination in membership) 21104
2405 (words after 3d comma related to discrimination in holding office), 2406, 2407 21105
2408(a)–(d) 21107
2408(e) 21108
2409 21111
2410 21109
2411 21112
2412 10102
2413 21101
2414 (1st sentence) 21108
2414 (last sentence), 2415 21102
2501 170502
2502 170506
2503 170503
2504 170510
2505 (words before 3d comma, words after 3d comma related to discrimination in membership) 170504
2505 (words after 3d comma related to discrimination in holding office), 2506, 2507 170505
2508 170507
2509 170511
2510 170509
2511 170512
2512 10102
2513 170501
2514 (1st sentence) 170508
2514 (last sentence), 2515 170502
2601 40102
2602 40106
2603 40103
2604 40110
2605 40104
2606, 2607 40105
2608 40107
2609 40111
2610 40109
2611 40112
2612 10102
2613 40101
2614 (1st sentence) 40108
2614 (last sentence), 2615 40102
2701(a) 110102
2701(b) 110108
2702 110106
2703 110103
2704 110110
2705 110104
2706, 2707 110105
2708 110107
2709 110111
2710 110109
2711 110112
2712 10102
2713 110101
2714 (1st sentence) 110108
2714 (last sentence), 2715 110102
2801 154502
2802 154506
2803 154503
2804 154510
2805 154504
2806, 2807 154505
2808(a)–(e) 154507
2808(f) 154508
2809 154511
2810 154509
2811 154512
2812 10102
2813 154501
2814 (1st sentence) 154508
2814 (last sentence), 2815 154502
2901 152902
2902 152906
2903 152903
2904 152911
2905 (words before 3d comma, words after 3d comma related to discrimination in membership) 152904
2905 (words after 3d comma related to discrimination in holding office), 2906, 2907 152905
2908(a)–(e) 152908
2908(f) 152909
2909 152907
2910 152912
2911 152910
2912 152913
2913 10102
2914 152901
2915 (1st sentence) 152909
2915 (last sentence), 2916 152902
3001 210302
3002 210306
3003 210303
3004 210311
3005 (words before 3d comma, words after 3d comma related to discrimination in membership) 210304
3005 (words after 3d comma related to discrimination in holding office), 3006, 3007 210305
3008 210308
3009 210312
3010 210310
3011 210313
3012 10102
3013 210301
3014 (1st sentence) 210309
3014 (last sentence) 210302
3015 210307
3016 210302
3101 240102
3102 240106
3103 240103
3104 240110
3105 240104
3106, 3107 240105
3108 240107
3109 240111
3110 240109
3111 240112
3112 10102
3113 240101
3114 (1st sentence) 240108
3114 (last sentence), 3115 240102
3201 20501
3202 20502
3203 (1st sentence) 20503
3203 (last sentence) 20505
3204 20504
3205 20503
3206 Rep.
3207 20501
3208 20506
3209 10102
3301 21901
3302 (1st sentence) 21905
3302 (last sentence) 21902
3303 (less perpetual succession) 21903
3303 (related to perpetual succession) 21901
3304 21905
3305 21904
3306 21906
3307 21903
3308 21908
3309 21907
3310 10102
3401, 3402 22301
3403 22302
3404(1) 22301
3404(2)–(9) 22305
3405(a) 22308
3405(b) 22310
3406 22303
3407, 3408 22304
3409, 3410 22307
3411 22311
3412 22307
3413 22309
3414 Prev. Rep.
3415 22312
3416 22306
3417 22305
3418 10102
3501(a) 80101
3501(b) 80102
3501(c) 80106
3502 80104
3503 (1st sentence) 80103
3503 (last sentence), 3504 80105
3601 170302
3602 170306
3603 170303
3604 170311
3605 (words before 1st comma, words after 1st comma related to discrimination in membership) 170304
3605 (words after 1st comma related to discrimination in holding office), 3606, 3607 170305
3608 170308
3609 170312
3610 170310
3611 170313
3612 10102
3613 170301
3614 170309
3615 170307
3616 170302
3701 50102
3702 50106
3703 50103
3704 50110
3705 50104
3706, 3707 50105
3708 50107
3709 50111
3710 50109
3711 50112
3712 10102
3713 50101
3714 50108
3715 50102
3801 230502
3802 230506
3803 230503
3804 230511
3805 230504
3806, 3807, 3808 (related to directors and officers) 230505
3808 (related to membership) 230504
3809 230508
3810 230512
3811 230510
3812 230513
3813 10102
3814 230501
3815 230509
3816 230507
3817 230502
3901 22902
3902 22906
3903 22903
3904 22910
3905 22904
3906, 3907 22905
3908(a)–(e) 22907
3908(f) 22908
3909 22911
3910 22909
3911 22912
3912 10102
3913 22901
3914 (1st sentence) 22908
3914 (last sentence), 3915 22902
4001 154702
4002 154706
4003 154703
4004 154711
4005 154704
4006, 4007, 4008 (related to directors and officers) 154705
4008 (related to membership) 154704
4009 154708
4010 154712
4011 154710
4012 154713
4013 10102
4014 154701
4015 (1st sentence) 154709
4015 (last sentence) 154702
4016 154707
4017 154702
4101 152102
4102 152106
4103 152103
4104 152104
4105, 4106 152105
4107(a)–(e) 152107
4107(f) 152108
4108 152111
4109 152110
4110 152109
4111 152112
4112 10102
4113 152101
4114 152108
4115 152102
4201 20301
4202 20302
4203 (words before 1st comma) 20303
4203 (words after 1st comma) 20304
4204 (related to meeting) 20305
4204 (related to report) 20306
4205 20304
4206 10102
4301, 4302 23101
4303(1) (1st sentence words before 8th comma) 23102
4303(1) (1st sentence words after 8th comma) 23106
4303(1) (last sentence), (2)–(7) 23102
4304(1) 23101
4304(2)–(9) 23105
4305(a) 23107
4305(b) 23110
4306 23103
4307–4309 23104
4310, 4311 23106
4312 23111
4313 23106
4314 23108
4315 (less (b) (2d sentence cl. (2))) 10101
4315(b) (2d sentence cl. (2)) 23109
4316 23112
4317 23105
4318 10102
4401 (words before "for the following objects and purposes") 70701
4401 (words beginning with "for the following objects and purposes") 70702
4402 (words before last semicolon) 70704
4402 (words after last semicolon) 70705
4403 70701
4404 (1st–3d sentences) 70703
4404 (4th sentence related to adopting and altering seal) 70704
4404 (4th sentence less adopting and altering seal) 70703
4404 (5th sentence related to establishing bylaws) 70704
4404 (5th sentence less establishing bylaws) 70703
4404 (last sentence related to employment authority) 70704
4404 (last sentence less employment authority) 70703
4405 70707
4406 70705
4407 70706
4408 10102
4501 150901
4502 150905
4503 150902
4504 150905
4505(a) 150907
4505(b) 150910
4506 150903
4507, 4508 150904
4509, 4510 150906
4511 150911
4512 150906
4513 150908
4514 (less (b) (2d sentence cl. (2))) 10101
4514(b) (2d sentence cl. (2)) 150909
4515 150912
4516 150905
4517 10102
4601, 4602 153501
4603 153502
4604 153505
4605, 4606 153504
4607(a) 153508
4607(b) 153511
4608 153503
4609 153512
4610 (less (b) (2d sentence cl. (2))) 10101
4610(b) (2d sentence cl. (2)) 153510
4611 153509
4612, 4613 153507
4614 153513
4615 153507
4616 153506
4617 10102
4701, 4702 (words before 2d comma) 210101
4702 (words after 2d comma) 210105
4703 210102
4704 (1st par.) 210104
4704 (last par. related to regulations for membership) 210103
4704 (last par. less regulations for membership) 210104
4705 210106
4706 10102
4707 210105
4801 60102
4802 60106
4803 60103
4804 60110
4805(a), (b) (related to discrimination in membership) 60104
4805(b) (related to discrimination in holding office), 4806, 4807 60105
4808 60107
4809 60111
4810 60109
4811 60112
4812 10102
4813 60101
4814 60108
4815 60102
4901 21501
4902 21504
4903 (words before 8th comma less "gratuitously or otherwise") 21502
4903 ("gratuitously or otherwise" and words after 8th comma) 21505
4904 (1st sentence) 21503
4904 (last sentence) 21506
4905–4908 21503
4909 21501
4910 10102
5001 140702
5002 140706
5003 140703
5004 140710
5005 140704
5006, 5007, 5008 (related to directors and officers) 140705
5008 (related to membership) 140704
5009 140707
5010 140711
5011 140709
5012 140712
5013 10102
5014 (1st sentence) 140708
5014 (last sentence), 5015 140702
5016 140701
5101 190302
5102 190306
5103 190303
5104 190311
5105 190304
5106, 5107, 5108 (related to directors and officers) 190305
5108 (related to membership) 190304
5109 190308
5110 190312
5111 190310
5112 190313
5113 10102
5114 (1st sentence) 190309
5114 (last sentence) 190302
5115 190307
5116 190302
5117 190301
5201(a) 151301
5201(b) 151302
5202(a)–(f) 151303
5202(g)(1)(A) 151304
5202(g)(1)(B), (C) 151305
5202(g)(2), (h) 151304
5203(a)(1) 151301
5203(a)(2), (3) 151306
5203(a)(4) 151308
5203(b), (c)(1), (2) (words before 2d comma) 151305
5203(c)(2) (words after 2d comma) 151303
5203(c)(3)–(5) 151305
5204, 5205 151307
5206(a) 10101
5206(b) 151311
5206(c) 151309
5207 151310
5301 151101
5302 (1st sentence) 151102
5302 (last sentence) 151104
5303 151105
5304 151106
5305 151103
5306 151104
5307 Rep.
5308 151107
5309 151105
5310 151101
5311 10102
5401 (1st sentence words before "for the education of the general public") 200101
5401 (1st sentence words beginning with "for the education of the general public") 200102
5401 (2d sentence words before proviso) 200103
5401 (2d sentence proviso, 3d sentence) 200104
5401 (last sentence words before proviso) 200105
5401 (last sentence proviso) 200104
5402 10102
5501(a) (less "nonprofit") 40701
5501(a) (related to nonprofit) 40704
5501(b)(1) 40701
5501(b)(2) 40705
5501(c)(1)–(4) 40702
5501(c)(5) Elim.
5501(d) 40702
5502(a) (words before cl. (1)) 40721
5502(a) (less words before cl. (1)) 40722
5502(b) 40724
5502(c) 40730
5502(d) Rep.
5503 40723
5504(a) 40731
5504(b), (c) 40732
5504(d) 40731
5504(e)(1) 40732
5504(e)(2) 40733
5505 40728
5506(a) 40729
5506(b), (c) 40728
5506(d) 40729
5507 40727
5508(a)(1), (2) 40703
5508(a)(3) 40704
5508(b)–(e) 40703
5509 40706
5521 Rep.
5522 Elim.
5523 Rep.
5601 70102
5602 70106
5603 70103
5604 70110
5605 70104
5606, 5607 70105
5608(a)–(d) 70107
5608(e) 70108
5608(f) 70103
5608(g) (related to membership) 70104
5608(g) (related to directors and officers) 70105
5609 70111
5610 70109
5611 70112
5612 10102
5613 (related to termination of charter) 70102
5613 (related to duty to maintain status) 70108
5614 70102
5615 70101
5701(a) 151701
5701(b) 151702
5702(a)–(f) 151703
5702(g)(1)(A) 151704
5702(g)(1)(B), (C) 151705
5702(g)(2)(A) (1st, 2d sentences, last sentence related to employees) 151704
5702(g)(2)(A) (last sentence related to board of directors) 151703
5702(g)(2)(B), (C) 151704
5703(a)(1) 151701
5703(a)(2), (3) 151706
5703(a)(4), (a) (last par.) 151708
5703(b), (c)(1)–(4), (5) (words before 2d comma) 151705
5703(c)(5) (words after 2d comma) 151703
5703(c)(6), (7), (last par.) 151705
5704, 5705 151707
5706(a) 10101
5706(b) 151712
5706(c) 151709
5707 151710
5708 151711
5801 20202
5802 20206
5803 20203
5804 20210
5805 20204
5806, 5807 20205
5808(a)–(d) 20207
5808(e) 20208
5808(f) 20203
5808(g) (related to directors and officers) 20205
5808(g) (related to membership) 20204
5809 20211
5810 20209
5811 20212
5812 10102
5813 (related to termination of charter) 20202
5813 (related to duty to maintain status) 20208
5814 20202
5815 20201
5901 21002
5902 21006
5903 21003
5904 21010
5905 21004
5906, 5907 21005
5908(a)–(d) 21007
5908(e) 21008
5908(f) 21003
5908(g) (related to membership) 21004
5908(g) (related to directors and officers) 21005
5909 21011
5910 21009
5911 21012
5912 10102
5913 (related to termination of charter) 21002
5913 (related to duty to maintain status) 21008
5914 21002
5915 21001

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Enacting Clause

Pub. L. 105–225, §1, Aug. 12, 1998, 112 Stat. 1253, provided in part that: "Certain general and permanent laws of the United States, related to patriotic and national observances, ceremonies, and organizations, are revised, codified, and enacted as title 36, United States Code, 'Patriotic and National Observances, Ceremonies, and Organizations' ".

Legislative Purpose and Construction

Pub. L. 113–237, §2, Dec. 18, 2014, 128 Stat. 2833, provided that: "The purpose of this Act [see Tables for classification] is to make revisions in title 36, United States Code, as necessary to keep the title current and make technical corrections and improvements."

Pub. L. 105–354, §4, Nov. 3, 1998, 112 Stat. 3245, provided that:

"(a) No Substantive Change.—(1) Section 1 of this Act restates, without substantive change, laws enacted before September 5, 1998, that were replaced by section 1. Section 1 may not be construed as making a substantive change in the laws replaced.

"(2) Laws enacted after September 4, 1998, that are inconsistent with this Act supersede this Act to the extent of the inconsistency.

"(b) References.—A reference to a law replaced by this Act, including a reference in a regulation, order, or other law, is deemed to refer to the corresponding provision enacted by this Act.

"(c) Continuing Effect.—An order, rule, or regulation in effect under a law replaced by this Act continues in effect under the corresponding provision enacted by this Act until repealed, amended, or superseded.

"(d) Actions and Offenses Under Prior Law.—An action taken or an offense committed under a law replaced by this Act is deemed to have been taken or committed under the corresponding provision enacted by this Act.

"(e) Inferences.—An inference of a legislative construction is not to be drawn by reason of the location in the United States Code of a provision enacted by this Act or by reason of a heading of the provision.

"(f) Severability.—If a provision enacted by this Act is held invalid, all valid provisions that are severable from the invalid provision remain in effect. If a provision enacted by this Act is held invalid in any of its applications, the provision remains valid for all valid applications that are severable from any of the invalid applications."

Pub. L. 105–225, §5, Aug. 12, 1998, 112 Stat. 1499, provided that:

"(a) No Substantive Change.—Sections 1 and 2 of this Act restate, without substantive change, laws enacted before August 16, 1997, that were replaced by those sections. Those sections may not be construed as making a substantive change in the laws replaced. Laws enacted after August 15, 1997, that are inconsistent with this Act supersede this Act to the extent of the inconsistency.

"(b) References.—A reference to a law replaced by section 1 or 2 of this Act, including a reference in a regulation, order, or other law, is deemed to refer to the corresponding provision enacted by this Act.

"(c) Continuing Effect.—An order, rule, or regulation in effect under a law replaced by section 1 or 2 of this Act continues in effect under the corresponding provision enacted by this Act until repealed, amended, or superseded.

"(d) Actions and Offenses Under Prior Law.—An action taken or an offense committed under a law replaced by section 1 or 2 of this Act is deemed to have been taken or committed under the corresponding provision enacted by this Act.

"(e) Inferences.—An inference of a legislative construction is not to be drawn by reason of the location in the United States Code of a provision enacted by this Act or by reason of a caption or catch line of the provision.

"(f) Severability.—If a provision enacted by this Act is held invalid, all valid provisions that are severable from the invalid provision remain in effect. If a provision enacted by this Act is held invalid in any of its applications, the provision remains valid for all valid applications that are severable from any of the invalid applications."

Repeals and Savings Provisions

Pub. L. 105–354, §5(a), Nov. 3, 1998, 112 Stat. 3245, provided that: "The repeal of a law by this Act may not be construed as a legislative inference that the provision was or was not in effect before its repeal."

Pub. L. 105–354, §5(b), Nov. 3, 1998, 112 Stat. 3245, repealed specified laws, except for rights and duties that matured, penalties that were incurred, and proceedings that were begun before Nov. 3, 1998.

Pub. L. 105–225, §6(a), Aug. 12, 1998, 112 Stat. 1499, provided that: "The repeal of a law by this Act may not be construed as a legislative inference that the provision was or was not in effect before its repeal."

Pub. L. 105–225, §6(b), Aug. 12, 1998, 112 Stat. 1499, repealed specified laws, except for rights and duties that matured, penalties that were incurred, and proceedings that were begun before Aug. 12, 1998.

1 So in original. Does not conform to chapter heading.

2 So in original. Probably should not be capitalized.

Subtitle I—Patriotic and National Observances and Ceremonies


Editorial Notes

Amendments

2014Pub. L. 113–237, §3(a)(2)(A), Dec. 18, 2014, 128 Stat. 2835, struck out item for part A "Observances and Ceremonies", which consisted of items for chapters 1 to 9, and item for part B "United States Government Organizations Involved With Observances and Ceremonies", which consisted of items for chapters 21 to 25.

2004Pub. L. 108–447, div. J, title I, §109(b)(1), Dec. 8, 2004, 118 Stat. 3344, substituted "March, and Tree" for ", and March" in item for chapter 3.

Part A—Observances and Ceremonies

CHAPTER 1—PATRIOTIC AND NATIONAL OBSERVANCES

Sec.
101.
American Heart Month.
102.
Asian/Pacific American Heritage Month.
103.
Cancer Control Month.
104.
Carl Garner Federal Lands Cleanup Day.
105.
Child Health Day.
106.
Constitution Day and Citizenship Day.
107.
Columbus Day.
108.
Constitution Week.
109.
Father's Day.
110.
Flag Day.
111.
Gold Star Mother's Day.
112.
Honor America Days.
113.
Law Day, U.S.A.
114.
Leif Erikson Day.
115.
Loyalty Day.
116.
Memorial Day.
117.
Mother's Day.
118.
National Aviation Day.
119.
National Day of Prayer.
120.
National Defense Transportation Day.
121.
National Disability Employment Awareness Month.
122.
National Flag Week.
123.
National Forest Products Week.
124.
National Freedom Day.
125.
National Grandparents Day.
126.
National Hispanic Heritage Month.
127.
National Korean War Veterans Armistice Day.
128.
National Maritime Day.
129.
National Pearl Harbor Remembrance Day.
130.
National Poison Prevention Week.
131.
National Safe Boating Week.
132.
National School Lunch Week.
133.
National Transportation Week.
134.
Pan American Aviation Day.
135.
Parents' Day.
136.
Peace Officers Memorial Day.
137.
Police Week.
138.
Save Your Vision Week.
139.
Steelmark Month.
140.
Stephen Foster Memorial Day.
141.
Thomas Jefferson's birthday.
142.
White Cane Safety Day.
143.
Wright Brothers Day.
144.
Patriot Day.
145.
Veterans Day.
146.
National Atomic Veterans Day.
147.
Choose Respect Day.
148.
U.S. Hostage and Wrongful Detainee Day.

        

Editorial Notes

Amendments

2023Pub. L. 118–31, div. A, title XVIII, §1804(a)(1)(B), Dec. 22, 2023, 137 Stat. 686, added items 147 and 148 and struck out item 146 "Choose Respect Day".

2022Pub. L. 117–103, div. W, title XIII, §1310(b)(2), Mar. 15, 2022, 136 Stat. 931, added item 146 relating to Choose Respect Day.

2021Pub. L. 117–81, div. A, title X, §1084(b), Dec. 27, 2021, 135 Stat. 1924, added item 146 relating to National Atomic Veterans Day.

2016Pub. L. 114–240, §2(b), Oct. 7, 2016, 130 Stat. 975, added item 145.

2004Pub. L. 108–447, div. J, title I, §111(c)(2), Dec. 8, 2004, 118 Stat. 3345, inserted "Constitution Day and" before "Citizenship Day" in item 106.

2001Pub. L. 107–89, §2, Dec. 18, 2001, 115 Stat. 877, added item 144.


Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Route 66 Centennial Commission

Pub. L. 116–256, Dec. 23, 2020, 134 Stat. 1142, provided that:

"SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

"This Act may be cited as the 'Route 66 Centennial Commission Act'.

"SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

"Congress finds that—

"(1) Route 66 was the first all-weather highway in the United States connecting the Midwest to California, and has played a major role in the history of the United States;

"(2) Route 66 has become a symbol of the heritage of travel and the legacy of seeking a better life shared by the people of the United States, and has been enshrined in the popular culture of the United States; and

"(3) the year 2026 will be the centennial anniversary of Route 66, and a commission should be established to study and recommend in a report to Congress activities that are fitting and proper to celebrate that anniversary in a manner that appropriately honors the Mother Road of the United States.

"SEC. 3. ESTABLISHMENT.

"There is established a commission to be known as the 'Route 66 Centennial Commission' (referred to in this Act as the 'Commission').

"SEC. 4. DUTIES.

"The Commission shall—

"(1) study activities that may be carried out by the Federal Government to determine whether the activities are fitting and proper to honor Route 66 on the occasion of the centennial anniversary of Route 66, including activities such as—

"(A) the issuance of commemorative coins, medals, certificates of recognition, and postage stamps;

"(B) ceremonies and celebrations commemorating specific events; and

"(C) the production, publication, and distribution of books, pamphlets, films, electronic publications, and other educational materials; and

"(2) recommend to Congress—

"(A) the activities that the Commission considers most fitting and proper to honor Route 66 on the occasion described in paragraph (1); and

"(B) 1 or more entities in the Federal Government that the Commission considers most appropriate to carry out those activities.

"SEC. 5. MEMBERSHIP.

"(a) Number and Appointment.—The Commission shall be composed of 15 members appointed as follows:

"(1) 3 members, each of whom shall be an eligible individual described in subsection (b), appointed by the President based on the recommendation of the Secretary of Transportation.

"(2) 1 member, who shall be an eligible individual described in subsection (b), appointed by the President based on the recommendation of the Governor of Illinois.

"(3) 1 member, who shall be an eligible individual described in subsection (b), appointed by the President based on the recommendation of the Governor of Missouri.

"(4) 1 member, who shall be an eligible individual described in subsection (b), appointed by the President based on the recommendation of the Governor of Kansas.

"(5) 1 member, who shall be an eligible individual described in subsection (b), appointed by the President based on the recommendation of the Governor of Oklahoma.

"(6) 1 member, who shall be an eligible individual described in subsection (b), appointed by the President based on the recommendation of the Governor of Texas.

"(7) 1 member, who shall be an eligible individual described in subsection (b), appointed by the President based on the recommendation of the Governor of New Mexico.

"(8) 1 member, who shall be an eligible individual described in subsection (b), appointed by the President based on the recommendation of the Governor of Arizona.

"(9) 1 member, who shall be an eligible individual described in subsection (b), appointed by the President based on the recommendation of the Governor of California.

"(10) 1 member, who shall be an eligible individual described in subsection (b), appointed by the President based on the recommendation of the Speaker of the House of Representatives.

"(11) 1 member, who shall be an eligible individual described in subsection (b), appointed by the President based on the recommendation of the Minority Leader of the House of Representatives.

"(12) 1 member, who shall be an eligible individual described in subsection (b), appointed by the President based on the recommendation of the Majority Leader of the Senate.

"(13) 1 member, who shall be an eligible individual described in subsection (b), appointed by the President based on the recommendation of the Minority Leader of the Senate.

"(b) Eligible Individual.—An eligible individual referred to in subsection (a) is an individual with—

"(1) a demonstrated dedication to educating others about the importance of historical figures and events; and

"(2) substantial knowledge and appreciation of Route 66.

"(c) Time of Appointment.—Each initial appointment of a member of the Commission shall be made before the expiration of the 120-day period beginning on the date of enactment of this Act [Dec. 23, 2020].

"(d) Terms.—Each member shall be appointed for the life of the Commission.

"(e) Vacancies.—A vacancy in the Commission shall not affect the powers of the Commission but shall be filled in the manner in which the original appointment was made.

"(f) Basic Pay.—Members shall serve on the Commission without pay.

"(g) Travel Expenses.—Each member shall receive travel expenses, including per diem in lieu of subsistence, in accordance with sections 5702 and 5703 of title 5, United States Code.

"(h) Quorum.—7 members of the Commission shall constitute a quorum, but a lesser number may hold hearings.

"(i) Chair and Vice Chair.—The Commission shall select a Chair and Vice Chair from among the members of the Commission.

"(j) Meetings.—The Commission shall meet at the call of the Chair.

"SEC. 6. DIRECTOR AND STAFF.

"(a) Director.—The Commission may appoint and fix the pay of a Director and such additional personnel as the Commission considers to be appropriate.

"(b) Applicability of Certain Civil Service Laws.—

"(1) Director.—The Director of the Commission shall—

"(A) be appointed without regard to the provisions of title 5, United States Code, governing appointments in the competitive service; and

"(B) be paid without regard to the provisions of chapter 51 and subchapter III of chapter 53 of title 5, United States Code, relating to classification and General Schedule pay rates, except that the rate of pay for the Director may not exceed the rate payable for level IV of the Executive Schedule under section 5315 of that title.

"(2) Staff.—The staff of the Commission shall—

"(A) be appointed without regard to the provisions of title 5, United States Code, governing appointments in the competitive service; and

"(B) be paid without regard to the provisions of chapter 51 and subchapter III of chapter 53 of title 5, United States Code, relating to classification and General Schedule pay rates.

"(c) Source of Compensation.—In accordance with section 10—

"(1) no Federal funds may be expended to compensate a Director or staff member of the Commission under this section; and

"(2) any compensation paid to a Director or any staff of the Commission appointed under this section shall be derived solely from donated funds.

"SEC. 7. POWERS.

"(a) Hearings and Sessions.—The Commission may hold such hearings, sit and act at such times and places, take such testimony, and receive such evidence as the Commission considers to be appropriate to carry out this Act.

"(b) Powers of Members and Agents.—Any member or agent of the Commission may, if authorized by the Commission, take any action that the Commission is authorized to take under this Act.

"(c) Mails.—The Commission may use the United States mails in the same manner and under the same conditions as other Federal departments and agencies.

"(d) Administrative Support Services.—

"(1) In general.—On the request of the Commission, the Administrator of General Services shall provide to the Commission, on a reimbursable basis, the administrative support services necessary for the Commission to carry out this Act.

"(2) Detailees.—

"(A) Federal employees.—

"(i) In general.—At the request of the Commission, the head of any Federal agency or department may detail to the Commission, on a reimbursable or nonreimbursable basis, any employee of the agency or department.

"(ii) Civil service status.—The detail of an employee under clause (i) shall be without interruption or loss of civil service status or privilege.

"(iii) No additional compensation.—A Federal employee who is detailed to the Commission under this subparagraph may not receive any additional pay, allowances, benefits, or other compensation by reason of the detail of the employee to the Commission or any services performed by the employee for the Commission.

"(B) State employees.—The Commission may—

"(i) accept the services of personnel detailed from a State; and

"(ii) reimburse the State for the services of the detailed personnel.

"(e) Volunteer and Uncompensated Services.—Notwithstanding section 1342 of title 31, United States Code, the Commission may accept and use such voluntary and uncompensated services as the Commission determines to be necessary.

"(f) Gifts.—The Commission may accept, use, and dispose of gifts, grants, bequests, or devises of money, services, or property from any public or private source for the purpose of covering the costs incurred by the Commission in carrying out this Act.

"SEC. 8. REPORTS.

"(a) Interim Reports.—The Commission may submit to Congress such interim reports as the Commission considers to be appropriate.

"(b) Final Report.—Not later than 2 years after the date on which all members of the Commission are appointed, the Commission shall submit to Congress a final report containing—

"(1) a detailed statement of the findings and conclusions of the Commission;

"(2) the recommendations of the Commission; and

"(3) any other information that the Commission considers to be appropriate.

"SEC. 9. TERMINATION.

"The Commission shall terminate on December 31, 2026.

"SEC. 10. EXPENDITURES OF COMMISSION.

"(a) In General.—All expenditures of the Commission, including any reimbursement required under this Act, shall be made solely from donated funds.

"(b) No Additional Funds Authorized.—No additional funds are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this Act."

American World War II Heritage Cities

Pub. L. 116–9, title IX, §9007, Mar. 12, 2019, 133 Stat. 837, provided that:

"(a) Designation.—In order to recognize and ensure the continued preservation and importance of the history of the United States involvement in World War II, each calendar year the Secretary [of the Interior] may designate 1 or more cities located in 1 of the several States or a territory of the United States as an 'American World War II Heritage City'. Not more than 1 city in each State or territory may be designated under this section.

"(b) Application for Designation.—The Secretary may—

"(1) establish and publicize the process by which a city may apply for designation as an American World War II Heritage City based on the criteria in subsection (c); and

"(2) encourage cities to apply for designation as an American World War II Heritage City.

"(c) Criteria for Designation.—The Secretary, in consultation with the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution or the President of the National Trust for Historic Preservation, shall make each designation under subsection (a) based on the following criteria:

"(1) Contributions by a city and its environs to the World War II home-front war effort, including contributions related to—

"(A) defense manufacturing, such as ships, aircraft, uniforms, and equipment;

"(B) production of foodstuffs and consumer items for Armed Forces and home consumption;

"(C) war bond drives;

"(D) adaptations to wartime survival;

"(E) volunteer participation;

"(F) civil defense preparedness;

"(G) personnel serving in the Armed Forces, their achievements, and facilities for their rest and recreation; or

"(H) the presence of Armed Forces camps, bases, airfields, harbors, repair facilities, and other installations within or in its environs.

"(2) Achievements by a city and its environs to preserve the heritage and legacy of the city's contributions to the war effort and to preserve World War II history, including—

"(A) the identification, preservation, restoration, and interpretation of World War II-related structures, facilities and sites;

"(B) establishment of museums, parks, and markers;

"(C) establishment of memorials to area men who lost their lives in service;

"(D) organizing groups of veterans and home-front workers and their recognition;

"(E) presentation of cultural events such as dances, plays, and lectures;

"(F) public relations outreach through the print and electronic media, and books; and

"(G) recognition and ceremonies remembering wartime event anniversaries."

75th Anniversary of World War II Commemoration

Pub. L. 115–433, Jan. 10, 2019, 132 Stat. 5523, provided that:

"SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

"This Act may be cited as the '75th Anniversary of World War II Commemoration Act'.

"SEC. 2. PROGRAM TO COMMEMORATE 75TH ANNIVERSARY OF WORLD WAR II.

"(a) Commemorative Program Authorized.—The Secretary of Defense shall conduct a program to commemorate the 75th anniversary of World War II. In conducting the commemorative program, the Secretary shall support and facilitate other programs and activities of the Federal Government, State and local governments, and not-for-profit organizations in commemoration of the 75th anniversary of World War II. The Secretary shall conduct the commemorative program in accordance with applicable Department of Defense policy and using resources available to the Secretary, including amounts in the Fund under subsection (d).

"(b) Commemorative Activities and Objectives.—The commemorative program may include activities and ceremonies to achieve the following objectives:

"(1) To thank and honor veterans of World War II, including personnel who were held as prisoners of war or listed as missing in action, for their service and sacrifice on behalf of the United States and to thank and honor the families of these veterans.

"(2) To educate the public about the history of World War II and highlight the service of the Armed Forces during World War II and the contributions of Federal agencies and governmental and nongovernmental organizations that served with, or in support of, the Armed Forces.

"(3) To pay tribute to the contributions made on the home front by the people of the United States during World War II.

"(4) To recognize the contributions and sacrifices made by the allies of the United States during World War II.

"(5) To remember the Holocaust, the annihilation of 6,000,000 Jews by the Nazi regime, and to pay tribute to the Allied troops who liberated Nazi concentration camps during World War II.

"(c) Names and Symbols.—The Secretary of Defense shall have the sole and exclusive right to use the name 'The United States of America 75th Anniversary of World War II Commemoration', and such seal, emblems, and badges incorporating such name as the Secretary may lawfully adopt. Nothing in this section may be construed to supersede rights that are established or vested before the date of the enactment of this Act [Jan. 10, 2019].

"(d) Commemorative Fund.—

"(1) Establishment and administration.—Upon the Secretary establishing the commemorative program under subsection (a), the Secretary of the Treasury shall establish in the Treasury of the United States an account to be known as the 'Department of Defense World War II Commemoration Fund' (in this section referred to as the 'Fund'). The Fund shall be administered by the Secretary of Defense.

"(2) Use of fund.—The Secretary of Defense shall use the assets of the Fund only for the purpose of conducting the commemorative program and providing grants to State and local governments and not-for-profit organizations for commemorative activities, and shall prescribe such regulations regarding the use of the Fund as the Secretary considers to be necessary.

"(3) Deposits.—The following shall be deposited into the Fund:

"(A) Amounts appropriated to the Fund.

"(B) Proceeds derived from the Secretary's use of the exclusive rights described in subsection (c).

"(C) Donations made in support of the commemorative program by private and corporate donors.

"(D) Funds transferred to the Fund by the Secretary from funds appropriated for fiscal year 2019 and subsequent years for the Department of Defense.

"(4) Availability.—

"(A) In general.—Subject to subsection (g)(2) and except as provided in subparagraph (B), amounts deposited under paragraph (3) shall constitute the assets of the Fund and remain available until expended.

"(B) Exception.—Amounts transferred to the Fund under paragraph (3)(D) from amounts appropriated for fiscal year 2019 may be obligated only during fiscal year 2019.

"(5) Budget request.—The Secretary of Defense may establish a separate budget line for the commemorative program. In the budget justification materials submitted by the Secretary in support of the budget of the President for any fiscal year for which the Secretary establishes the separate budget line, the Secretary shall—

"(A) identify and explain any amounts expended for the commemorative program in the fiscal year preceding the budget request;

"(B) identify and explain the amounts being requested to support the commemorative program for the fiscal year of the budget request; and

"(C) present a summary of the fiscal status of the Fund.

"(e) Acceptance of Voluntary Services.—

"(1) Authority to accept services.—Notwithstanding section 1342 of title 31, United States Code, the Secretary of Defense may accept from any person voluntary services to be provided in furtherance of the commemorative program. The Secretary of Defense shall prohibit the solicitation of any voluntary services if the nature or circumstances of such solicitation would compromise the integrity or the appearance of integrity of any program of the Department of Defense or of any individual involved in the program.

"(2) Reimbursement of incidental expenses.—The Secretary may provide for reimbursement of incidental expenses incurred by a person providing voluntary services under this subsection. The Secretary shall determine which expenses are eligible for reimbursement under this paragraph.

"(f) Consultation With Director of the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum.—In designing the commemorative program conducted under this section, the Secretary of Defense shall consult with the Director of the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum.

"(g) Final Report.—

"(1) Report required.—Not later than 60 days after the end of the commemorative program established by the Secretary of Defense under subsection (a), the Secretary shall submit to Congress a report containing an accounting of—

"(A) all of the funds deposited into and expended from the Fund;

"(B) any other funds expended under this section; and

"(C) any unobligated funds remaining in the Fund.

"(2) Treatment of unobligated funds.—Unobligated amounts remaining in the Fund as of the end of the commemorative period shall be held in the Fund until transferred by law.

"(h) Limitation on Expenditures.—Total expenditures from the Fund, using amounts appropriated to the Department of Defense, may not exceed $5,000,000 for fiscal year 2019 or for any subsequent fiscal year to carry out the commemorative program.

"(i) Sunset.—

"(1) Commemorative program.—The commemorative program shall terminate on December 31, 2021.

"(2) Fund.—The Fund shall terminate 60 days after the termination of the commemorative program."

400 Years of African-American History Commission

Pub. L. 115–102, Jan. 8, 2018, 131 Stat. 2248, as amended by Pub. L. 116–94, div. D, title I, Dec. 20, 2019, 133 Stat. 2692; Pub. L. 116–260, div. G, title I, Dec. 27, 2020, 134 Stat. 1484; Pub. L. 117–103, div. G, title I, Mar. 15, 2022, 136 Stat. 353; Pub. L. 117–328, div. G, title I, Dec. 29, 2022, 136 Stat. 4765; Pub. L. 118–42, div. E, title I, Mar. 9, 2024, 138 Stat. 224, provided that:

"SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

"This Act may be cited as the '400 Years of African-American History Commission Act'.

"SEC. 2. DEFINITIONS.

"In this Act:

"(1) Commemoration.—The term 'commemoration' means the commemoration of the 400th anniversary of the arrival of Africans in the English colonies, at Point Comfort, Virginia, in 1619.

"(2) Commission.—The term 'Commission' means the 400 Years of African-American History Commission established by section 3(a).

"(3) Secretary.—The term 'Secretary' means the Secretary of the Interior.

"SEC. 3. ESTABLISHMENT.

"(a) In General.—There is established a commission, to be known as the '400 Years of African-American History Commission'.

"(b) Membership.—

"(1) Composition.—The Commission shall be composed of 15 members, of whom—

"(A) three members shall be appointed by the Secretary after considering recommendations of Governors, including the Governor of Virginia;

"(B) six members shall be appointed by the Secretary after considering recommendations of civil rights organizations and historical organizations;

"(C) one member shall be an employee of the National Park Service having experience relative to the historical and cultural resources related to the commemoration, to be appointed by the Secretary;

"(D) two members shall be appointed by the Secretary after considering the recommendations of the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution; and

"(E) three members shall be individuals who have an interest in, support for, and expertise appropriate to the commemoration, appointed by the Secretary after considering the recommendations of Members of Congress.

"(2) Time of appointment.—Each appointment of an initial member of the Commission shall be made before the expiration of the 120-day period beginning on the date of enactment of this Act [Jan. 8, 2018].

"(3) Term; vacancies.—

"(A) Term.—A member of the Commission shall be appointed for the life of the Commission.

"(B) Vacancies.—

"(i) In general.—A vacancy on the Commission shall be filled in the same manner in which the original appointment was made.

"(ii) Partial term.—A member appointed to fill a vacancy on the Commission shall serve for the remainder of the term for which the predecessor of the member was appointed.

"(C) Continuation of membership.—If a member of the Commission was appointed to the Commission as an employee of the National Park Service, and ceases to be an employee of the National Park Service, that member may continue to serve on the Commission for not longer than the 30-day period beginning on the date on which that member ceases to be an employee of the National Park Service.

"(c) Duties.—The Commission shall—

"(1) plan, develop, and carry out programs and activities throughout the United States—

"(A) appropriate for the commemoration;

"(B) to recognize and highlight the resilience and contributions of African-Americans since 1619;

"(C) to acknowledge the impact that slavery and laws that enforced racial discrimination had on the United States; and

"(D) to educate the public about—

"(i) the arrival of Africans in the United States; and

"(ii) the contributions of African-Americans to the United States;

"(2) encourage civic, patriotic, historical, educational, artistic, religious, economic, and other organizations throughout the United States to organize and participate in anniversary activities to expand understanding and appreciation of—

"(A) the significance of the arrival of Africans in the United States; and

"(B) the contributions of African-Americans to the United States;

"(3) provide technical assistance to States, localities, and nonprofit organizations to further the commemoration;

"(4) coordinate and facilitate for the public scholarly research on, publication about, and interpretation of—

"(A) the arrival of Africans in the United States; and

"(B) the contributions of African-Americans to the United States;

"(5) ensure that the commemoration provides a lasting legacy and long-term public benefit by assisting in the development of appropriate programs; and

"(6) help ensure that the observances of the commemoration are inclusive and appropriately recognize the experiences and heritage of all individuals present at the arrival of Africans in the United States.

"SEC. 4. COMMISSION MEETINGS.

"(a) Initial Meeting.—Not later than 30 days after the date on which all members of the Commission have been appointed, the Commission shall hold the initial meeting of the Commission.

"(b) Meetings.—The Commission shall meet—

"(1) at least three times each year; or

"(2) at the call of the Chairperson or the majority of the members of the Commission.

"(c) Quorum.—A majority of the voting members shall constitute a quorum, but a lesser number may hold meetings.

"(d) Chairperson and Vice Chairperson.—

"(1) Election.—The Commission shall elect the Chairperson and the Vice Chairperson of the Commission on an annual basis.

"(2) Absence of the chairperson.—The Vice Chairperson shall serve as the Chairperson in the absence of the Chairperson.

"(e) Voting.—The Commission shall act only on an affirmative vote of a majority of the members of the Commission.

"SEC. 5. COMMISSION POWERS.

"(a) Gifts.—The Commission may solicit, accept, use, and dispose of gifts, bequests, or devises of money or other property for aiding or facilitating the work of the Commission.

"(b) Appointment of Advisory Committees.—The Commission may appoint such advisory committees as the Commission determines to be necessary to carry out this Act.

"(c) Authorization of Action.—The Commission may authorize any member or employee of the Commission to take any action that the Commission is authorized to take under this Act.

"(d) Procurement.—

"(1) In general.—The Commission may procure supplies, services, and property, and make or enter into contracts, leases, or other legal agreements, to carry out this Act (except that a contract, lease, or other legal agreement made or entered into by the Commission shall not extend beyond the date of termination of the Commission).

"(2) Limitation.—The Commission may not purchase real property.

"(e) Postal Services.—The Commission may use the United States mails in the same manner and under the same conditions as other agencies of the Federal Government.

"(f) Grants and Technical Assistance.—The Commission may—

"(1) provide grants in amounts not to exceed $20,000 per grant to communities and nonprofit organizations for use in developing programs to assist in the commemoration;

"(2) provide grants to research and scholarly organizations to research, publish, or distribute information relating to the arrival of Africans in the United States; and

"(3) provide technical assistance to States, localities, and nonprofit organizations to further the commemoration.

"SEC. 6. COMMISSION PERSONNEL MATTERS.

"(a) Compensation of Members.—

"(1) In general.—Except as provided in paragraph (2), a member of the Commission shall serve without compensation.

"(2) Federal employees.—A member of the Commission who is an officer or employee of the Federal Government shall serve without compensation other than the compensation received for the services of the member as an officer or employee of the Federal Government.

"(b) Travel Expenses.—A member of the Commission shall be allowed travel expenses, including per diem in lieu of subsistence, at rates authorized for an employee of an agency under subchapter I of chapter 57 of title 5, United States Code, while away from the home or regular place of business of the member in the performance of the duties of the Commission.

"(c) Director and Staff.—

"(1) In general.—The Chairperson of the Commission may, without regard to the civil service laws (including regulations), nominate an executive director to enable the Commission to perform the duties of the Commission.

"(2) Confirmation of executive director.—The employment of an executive director shall be subject to confirmation by the Commission.

"(d) Compensation.—

"(1) In general.—Except as provided in paragraph (2), the Commission may fix the compensation of the executive director and other personnel without regard to the provisions of chapter 51 and subchapter III of chapter 53 of title 5, United States Code, relating to classification of positions and General Schedule pay rates.

"(2) Maximum rate of pay.—The rate of pay for the executive director and other personnel shall not exceed the rate payable for level V of the Executive Schedule under section 5316 of title 5, United States Code.

"(e) Detail of Government Employees.—

"(1) Federal employees.—

"(A) Detail.—At the request of the Commission, the head of any Federal agency may detail, on a reimbursable or nonreimbursable basis, any of the personnel of the agency to the Commission to assist the Commission in carrying out the duties of the Commission under this Act.

"(B) Civil service status.—The detail of an employee under subparagraph (A) shall be without interruption or loss of civil service status or privilege.

"(2) State employees.—The Commission may—

"(A) accept the services of personnel detailed from the State; and

"(B) reimburse the State for services of detailed personnel.

"(f) Procurement of Temporary and Intermittent Services.—The Chairperson of the Commission may procure temporary and intermittent services in accordance with section 3109(b) of title 5, United States Code, at rates for individuals that do not exceed the daily equivalent of the annual rate of basic pay prescribed for level V of the Executive Schedule under section 5316 of such title.

"(g) Volunteer and Uncompensated Services.—Notwithstanding section 1342 of title 31, United States Code, the Commission may accept and use such voluntary and uncompensated services as the Commission determines to be necessary.

"(h) Support Services.—

"(1) In general.—The Secretary shall provide to the Commission, on a reimbursable basis, such administrative support services as the Commission may request.

"(2) Reimbursement.—Any reimbursement under this paragraph shall be credited to the appropriation, fund, or account used for paying the amounts reimbursed.

"(i) No Effect on Authority.—Nothing in this section supersedes the authority of the National Park Service with respect to the commemoration.

"SEC. 7. PLANS; REPORTS.

"(a) Strategic Plan.—The Commission shall prepare a strategic plan for the activities of the Commission carried out under this Act.

"(b) Final Report.—Not later than July 1, 2025, the Commission shall complete and submit to Congress a final report that contains—

"(1) a summary of the activities of the Commission;

"(2) a final accounting of funds received and expended by the Commission; and

"(3) the findings and recommendations of the Commission.

"SEC. 8. TERMINATION OF COMMISSION.

"(a) Date of Termination.—The Commission shall terminate on July 1, 2025.

"(b) Transfer of Documents and Materials.—Before the date of termination specified in subsection (a), the Commission shall transfer all documents and materials of the Commission to the National Archives or another appropriate Federal entity.

"SEC. 9. EXPENDITURES OF COMMISSION.

"All expenditures of the Commission shall be made solely from donated funds."

Frederick Douglass Bicentennial Commission

Pub. L. 115–77, Nov. 2, 2017, 131 Stat. 1251, provided that:

"SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

"This Act may be cited as the 'Frederick Douglass Bicentennial Commission Act'.

"SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

"Congress makes the following findings:

"(1) Born into slavery on the Eastern Shore of Maryland in 1818 and given the name Frederick Augustus Washington Bailey after his mother Harriet Bailey, Frederick Douglass has been called the father of the civil rights movement.

"(2) Douglass rose through determination, brilliance, and eloquence to shape the American Nation. He was an abolitionist, human rights and women's rights activist, orator, author, journalist, publisher, and social reformer.

"(3) Taught basic reading skills by his mistress until she was forced to stop, Douglass continued to teach himself to read and write and taught other slaves to read despite risks including death.

"(4) During the course of his remarkable life Frederick Douglass escaped from slavery, became internationally renowned for his eloquence in the cause of liberty, and went on to serve the national government in several official capacities.

"(5) Forced to leave the country to avoid arrest as an escaped slave, he returned to become a staunch advocate of the Union cause and helped recruit African-American troops for the Union Army, including two of his sons, Charles and Lewis Douglass. His personal relationship with Abraham Lincoln helped persuade the President to make emancipation a cause of the Civil War.

"(6) With the abolition of slavery at the close of the Civil War, Douglass then turned his attention to the full integration of African-Americans into the political and economic life of the United States. Committed to freedom, Douglass dedicated his life to achieving justice for all Americans, in particular African-Americans, women, and minority groups. He envisioned America as an inclusive Nation strengthened by diversity and free of discrimination.

"(7) Douglass served as an advisor to Presidents. Abraham Lincoln referred to him as the most meritorious man of the nineteenth century. Douglass was appointed to several offices. He served as the United States Marshal of the District of Columbia under Rutherford B. Hayes' administration; President James Garfield appointed Douglass the District of Columbia Recorder of Deeds. In 1889, President Benjamin Harrison appointed Frederick Douglass to be the United States minister to Haiti. He was also appointed by President Grant to serve as Assistant Secretary of the Commission of Inquiry to Santo Domingo.

"(8) Douglass lived in the District of Columbia for 23 of his 57 years as a free man, and in recognition of his leadership and continuous fight for justice and freedom, his home, Cedar Hill, was established as a National Historic Site in Anacostia, in Southeast Washington, DC.

"(9) The statue of Frederick Douglass in the United States Capitol is a gift from the almost 700,000 residents of the District of Columbia.

"(10) All Americans could benefit from studying the life of Frederick Douglass, for Douglass dedicated his own life to ensuring freedom and equality for future generations of Americans. This Nation should ensure that his tireless struggle, transformative words, and inclusive vision of humanity continue to inspire and sustain us.

"(11) The year 2018 marks the bicentennial anniversary of the birth of Frederick Douglass, and a commission should be established to plan, develop, and carry out, and to recommend to Congress, programs and activities that are fitting and proper to celebrate that anniversary in a manner that appropriately honors Frederick Douglass.

"SEC. 3. ESTABLISHMENT.

"There is established a commission to be known as the Frederick Douglass Bicentennial Commission (referred to in this Act as the 'Commission').

"SEC. 4. DUTIES.

"The Commission shall have the following duties:

"(1) To plan, develop, and carry out programs and activities that are fitting and proper to honor Frederick Douglass on the occasion of the bicentennial anniversary of Douglass' birth.

"(2) To recommend to Congress programs and activities that the Commission considers fitting and proper to honor Frederick Douglass on such occasion, and the entity or entities in the Federal Government that the Commission considers most appropriate to carry out such programs and activities.

"SEC. 5. MEMBERSHIP.

"(a) Number and Appointment.—The Commission shall be composed of 16 members appointed as follows:

"(1) Two members, each of whom shall be a qualified citizen described in subsection (b), appointed by the President.

"(2) One member, who shall be a qualified citizen described in subsection (b), appointed by the President on the recommendation of the Governor of Maryland.

"(3) One member, who shall be a qualified citizen described in subsection (b), appointed by the President on the recommendation of the Governor of Massachusetts.

"(4) One member, who shall be a qualified citizen described in subsection (b), appointed by the President on the recommendation of the Governor of New York.

"(5) One member, who shall be a qualified citizen described in subsection (b), appointed by the President on the recommendation of the Mayor of the District of Columbia.

"(6) Three members, at least one of whom shall be a Member of the House of Representatives, appointed by the Speaker of the House of Representatives.

"(7) Three members, at least one of whom shall be a Senator, appointed by the majority leader of the Senate.

"(8) Two members, at least one of whom shall be a Member of the House of Representatives, appointed by the minority leader of the House of Representatives.

"(9) Two members, at least one of whom shall be a Senator, appointed by the minority leader of the Senate.

"(b) Qualified Citizen.—A qualified citizen described in this subsection is a private citizen of the United States with—

"(1) a demonstrated dedication to educating others about the importance of historical figures and events; and

"(2) substantial knowledge and appreciation of Frederick Douglass.

"(c) Time of Appointment.—Each initial appointment of a member of the Commission shall be made before the expiration of the 60-day period beginning on the date of the enactment of this Act [Nov. 2, 2017].

"(d) Continuation of Membership.—If a member of the Commission was appointed to the Commission as a Member of Congress, and ceases to be a Member of Congress, that member may continue to serve on the Commission for not longer than the 30-day period beginning on the date that member ceases to be a Member of Congress.

"(e) Terms.—Each member shall be appointed for the life of the Commission.

"(f) Vacancies.—A vacancy in the Commission shall not affect the powers of the Commission but shall be filled in the manner in which the original appointment was made.

"(g) Basic Pay.—Members shall serve on the Commission without pay.

"(h) Travel Expenses.—Each member shall receive travel expenses, including per diem in lieu of subsistence, in accordance with sections 5702 and 5703 of title 5, United States Code.

"(i) Quorum.—Six members of the Commission shall constitute a quorum but a lesser number may hold hearings.

"(j) Chair.—The Commission shall select a Chair from among the members of the Commission.

"(k) Meetings.—The Commission shall meet at the call of the Chair. Periodically, the Commission shall hold a meeting in Rochester, New York.

"SEC. 6. DIRECTOR AND STAFF.

"(a) Director.—The Commission may appoint and fix the pay of a Director and such additional personnel as the Commission considers to be appropriate.

"(b) Applicability of Certain Civil Service Laws.—

"(1) Director.—The Director of the Commission may be appointed without regard to the provisions of title 5, United States Code, governing appointments in the competitive service, and may be paid without regard to the provisions of chapter 51 and subchapter III of chapter 53 of that title relating to classification and General Schedule pay rates.

"(2) Staff.—The staff of the Commission shall be appointed subject to the provisions of title 5, United States Code, governing appointments in the competitive service, and shall be paid in accordance with the provisions of chapter 51 and subchapter III of chapter 53 of that title relating to classification and General Schedule pay rates.

"SEC. 7. POWERS.

"(a) Hearings and Sessions.—The Commission may, for the purpose of carrying out this Act, hold such hearings, sit and act at such times and places, take such testimony, and receive such evidence as the Commission considers to be appropriate.

"(b) Powers of Members and Agents.—Any member or agent of the Commission may, if authorized by the Commission, take any action that the Commission is authorized to take by this Act.

"(c) Obtaining Official Data.—The Commission may secure directly from any department or agency of the United States information necessary to enable the Commission to carry out this Act. Upon request of the Chair of the Commission, the head of that department or agency shall furnish that information to the Commission.

"(d) Mails.—The Commission may use the United States mails in the same manner and under the same conditions as other departments and agencies of the United States.

"(e) Administrative Support Services.—Upon the request of the Commission, the Administrator of General Services shall provide to the Commission, on a reimbursable basis, the administrative support services necessary for the Commission to carry out its responsibilities under this Act.

"(f) Gifts.—The Commission may solicit, accept, use, and dispose of gifts, bequests, or devises of money or other property for the purpose of carrying out its duties.

"(g) Volunteer and Uncompensated Services.—Notwithstanding section 1342 of title 31, United States Code, the Commission may accept and use voluntary and uncompensated services as the Commission determines necessary.

"SEC. 8. REPORTS.

"(a) Initial Report.—Not later than August 1, 2018, the Commission shall submit to Congress an initial report containing its recommendations under section 4(2).

"(b) Final Report.—Not later than June 1, 2019, the Commission shall submit a final report to Congress, and shall include in the final report—

"(1) a summary of its activities and programs;

"(2) a final accounting of the funds the Commission received and expended; and

"(3) any other information that the Commission considers to be appropriate.

"SEC. 9. TERMINATION.

"The Commission shall terminate 30 days after submitting the final report pursuant to section 8(b).

"SEC. 10. NO ADDITIONAL FUNDS AUTHORIZED.

"No Federal funds are authorized or may be obligated to carry out this Act."

Women's Suffrage Centennial Commission

Pub. L. 115–31, div. G, title IV, §431(a)(3) [§§1–8], May 5, 2017, 131 Stat. 502, 842A-17—842A–21, provided that:

"SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS.

"(a) Short Title.—This Act may be cited as the 'Women's Suffrage Centennial Commission Act'.

"(b) Table of Contents.—[Omitted.]

"SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

"Congress finds the following:

"(1) From 1919 to 1920, the Sixty-Sixth United States Congress debated, and State legislatures considered, an amendment to the Constitution of the United States to provide suffrage for women.

"(2) A proposed women's suffrage amendment was first introduced in the United States Senate in 1878 and was brought to a vote, unsuccessfully, in 1887, 1914, 1918, and 1919. Finally, on May 21, 1919, the House of Representatives approved a proposed amendment, followed by the Senate a few weeks later on June 4. Within days, the legislatures of Wisconsin, Illinois, and Michigan had voted to ratify the amendment.

"(3) On August 18, 1920, Tennessee became the 36th State to ratify the amendment, providing the support of three-fourths of States necessary under article V of the Constitution of the United States.

"(4) The introduction, passage, and ultimate ratification of the 19th Amendment to the Constitution of the United States were the culmination of decades of work and struggle by advocates for the rights of women across the United States and worldwide.

"(5) Ratification of the 19th Amendment ensured women could more fully participate in their democracy and fundamentally changed the role of women in the civic life of our Nation.

"(6) The centennial offers an opportunity for people in the United States to learn about and commemorate the efforts of the women's suffrage movement and the role of women in our democracy.

"(7) Commemorative programs, activities, and sites allow people in the United States to learn about the women's suffrage movement and to commemorate and honor the role of the ratification of the 19th Amendment in further fulfilling the promise of the Constitution of the United States and promoting the core values of our democracy.

"SEC. 3. ESTABLISHMENT OF WOMEN'S SUFFRAGE CENTENNIAL COMMISSION.

"(a) Establishment.—There is established a commission to be known as the 'Women's Suffrage Centennial Commission' (referred to in this Act as the 'Centennial Commission').

"(b) Membership.—

"(1) The Centennial Commission shall be composed of 14 members, of whom—

"(A) 2 shall be appointed by the President;

"(B) 2 shall be appointed by the Speaker of the House of Representatives;

"(C) 2 shall be appointed by the minority leader of the House of Representatives;

"(D) 2 shall be appointed by the majority leader of the Senate;

"(E) 2 shall be appointed by the minority leader of the Senate;

"(F) 1 shall be the Librarian of Congress, or the designee of the Librarian;

"(G) 1 shall be the Archivist of the United States, or the designee of the Archivist;

"(H) 1 shall be the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, or the designee of the Secretary; and

"(I) 1 shall be the Director of the National Park Service, or the designee of the Director.

"(2) Persons eligible.—

"(A) In general.—The members of the Commission shall be individuals who have knowledge or expertise, whether by experience or training, in matters to be studied by the Commission. The members may be from the public or private sector, and may include Federal, State, or local employees, former Members of Congress, members of academia, nonprofit organizations, or industry, or other interested individuals.

"(B) Diversity.—It is the intent of Congress that persons appointed to the Commission under paragraph (1) be persons who represent diverse economic, professional, and cultural backgrounds.

"(3) Consultation and appointment.—

"(A) In general.—The President, Speaker of the House of Representatives, minority leader of the House of Representatives, majority leader of the Senate, and minority leader of the Senate shall consult among themselves before appointing the members of the Commission in order to achieve, to the maximum extent practicable, fair and equitable representation of various points of view with respect to the matters to be studied by the Commission.

"(B) Completion of appointments; vacancies.—The President, Speaker of the House of Representatives, minority leader of the House of Representatives, majority leader of the Senate, and minority leader of the Senate shall conduct the consultation under subparagraph (A) and make their respective appointments not later than 60 days after the date of enactment of this Act [May 5, 2017].

"(4) Vacancies.—A vacancy in the membership of the Commission shall not affect the powers of the Commission and shall be filled in the same manner as the original appointment not later than 30 days after the vacancy occurs.

"(c) Meetings.—

"(1) Initial meeting.—Not later than 30 days after the date on which all members of the Centennial Commission have been appointed, the Centennial Commission shall hold its first meeting.

"(2) Subsequent meetings.—

"(A) In general.—The Centennial Commission shall meet at the call of the Chair.

"(B) Frequency.—The Chair shall call a meeting of the members of the Centennial Commission not less frequently than once every 6 months.

"(3) Quorum.—Seven members of the Centennial Commission shall constitute a quorum, but a lesser number may hold hearings.

"(4) Chair and vice chair.—The Centennial Commission shall select a Chair and Vice Chair from among its members.

"SEC. 4. DUTIES OF CENTENNIAL COMMISSION.

"(a) In General.—The duties of the Centennial Commission are as follows:

"(1) To encourage, plan, develop, and execute programs, projects, and activities to commemorate the centennial of the passage and ratification of the 19th Amendment.

"(2) To encourage private organizations and State and local governments to organize and participate in activities commemorating the centennial of the passage and ratification of the 19th Amendment.

"(3) To facilitate and coordinate activities throughout the United States relating to the centennial of the passage and ratification of the 19th Amendment.

"(4) To serve as a clearinghouse for the collection and dissemination of information about events and plans for the centennial of the passage and ratification of the 19th Amendment.

"(5) To develop recommendations for Congress and the President for commemorating the centennial of the passage and ratification of the 19th Amendment.

"(b) Consultation.—In conducting its work, the Centennial Commission shall consult the Historian of the Senate and the Historian of the House of Representatives when appropriate.

"(c) Reports.—

"(1) Periodic report.—Not later than the last day of the 6-month period beginning on the date of the enactment of this Act [May 5, 2017], and not later than the last day of each 3-month period thereafter, the Centennial Commission shall submit to Congress and the President a report on the activities and plans of the Centennial Commission.

"(2) Recommendations.—Not later than 2 years after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Centennial Commission shall submit to Congress and the President a report containing specific recommendations for commemorating the centennial of the passage and ratification of the 19th Amendment and coordinating related activities.

"SEC. 5. POWERS OF CENTENNIAL COMMISSION.

"(a) Hearings.—The Centennial Commission may hold such hearings, sit and act at such times and places, take such testimony, and receive such evidence as the Centennial Commission considers appropriate to carry out its duties under this Act.

"(b) Powers of Member and Agents.—If authorized by the Centennial Commission, any member or agent of the Centennial Commission may take any action which the Centennial Commission is authorized to take under this Act.

"(c) Information From Federal Agencies.—The Centennial Commission shall secure directly from any Federal department or agency such information as the Centennial Commission considers necessary to carry out the provisions of this Act. Upon the request of the Chair of the Centennial Commission, the head of such department or agency shall furnish such information to the Centennial Commission.

"(d) Administrative Support Services.—Upon the request of the Centennial Commission, the Administrator of the General Services Administration shall provide to the Centennial Commission, on a reimbursable basis, the administrative support services necessary for the Centennial Commission to carry out its responsibilities under this Act.

"(e) Contract Authority.—

"(1) In general.—Except as provided in paragraph (2), the Centennial Commission is authorized—

"(A) to procure supplies, services, and property; and

"(B) to make or enter into contracts, leases, or other legal agreements.

"(2) Limitation.—The Centennial Commission may not enter into any contract, lease, or other legal agreement that extends beyond the date of the termination of the Centennial Commission under section 7(a).

"(f) Postal Services.—The Centennial Commission may use the United States mails in the same manner and under the same conditions as other departments and agencies of the Federal Government.

"(g) Gifts, Bequests, and Devises.—The Centennial Commission is authorized to solicit, accept, use, and dispose of gifts, bequests, or devises of money, services, or property, both real and personal, for the purpose of covering the costs incurred by the Centennial Commission to carry out its duties under this Act.

"(h) Grants.—The Centennial Commission is authorized to award grants to States and the District of Columbia to support programs and activities related to commemorating the centennial of the passage and ratification of the 19th Amendment.

"SEC. 6. CENTENNIAL COMMISSION PERSONNEL MATTERS.

"(a) Compensation of Members.—Members of the Centennial Commission shall serve without compensation for such service.

"(b) Travel Expenses.—Each member of the Centennial Commission shall be allowed travel expenses, including per diem in lieu of subsistence, in accordance with the applicable provisions of title 5, United States Code.

"(c) Staff.—

"(1) In general.—The Chair of the Centennial Commission shall, in consultation with the members of the Centennial Commission, appoint an executive director and such other additional personnel as may be necessary to enable the Centennial Commission to perform its duties.

"(2) Compensation.—

"(A) In general.—Subject to subparagraph (B), the Chair of the Centennial Commission may fix the compensation of the executive director and any other personnel appointed under paragraph (1).

"(B) Limitation.—The Chair of the Centennial Commission may not fix the compensation of the executive director or other personnel appointed under paragraph (1) at a rate that exceeds the rate payable for level IV of the Executive Schedule under section 5315 of title 5, United States Code.

"(d) Detail of Government Employees.—Upon request of the Centennial Commission, the head of any Federal department or agency may detail, on a reimbursable basis, any employee of that department or agency to the Centennial Commission to assist it in carrying out its duties under this Act.

"(e) Procurement of Temporary and Intermittent Services.—The Chair of the Centennial Commission may procure temporary and intermittent services under section 3109(b) of title 5, United States Code.

"(f) Acceptance of Voluntary Services.—Notwithstanding section 1342 of title 31, United States Code, the Centennial Commission may accept and use voluntary and uncompensated services as the Centennial Commission deems necessary.

"SEC. 7. TERMINATION OF CENTENNIAL COMMISSION.

"(a) In General.—The Centennial Commission shall terminate on the earlier of—

"(1) the date that is 30 days after the date [of] the completion of the activities under this Act honoring the centennial observation of the passage and ratification of the 19th Amendment; or

"(2) April 15, 2021.

"(b) Application of Federal Advisory Committee Act.—

"(1) In general.—Except as provided in paragraph (2), the provisions of the Federal Advisory Committee Act ([former] 5 U.S.C. App.) [see 5 U.S.C. 1001 et seq.] shall apply to the activities of the Centennial Commission under this Act.

"(2) Exception.—Section 14(a)(2) of such Act ([former] 5 U.S.C. App.) [see 5 U.S.C. 1013(a)] shall not apply to the Centennial Commission.

"SEC. 8. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

"(a) In General.—There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this Act such sums as may be necessary for the period of fiscal years 2017 through 2021.

"(b) Amounts Available.—Amounts appropriated in accordance with this section for any fiscal year shall remain available until the termination of the Centennial Commission."

Program To Commemorate the 100th Anniversary of the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier

Pub. L. 114–328, div. A, title X, §1093, Dec. 23, 2016, 130 Stat. 2436, provided that:

"(a) Commemorative Program.—

"(1) In general.—The Secretary of Defense shall conduct a program to commemorate the 100th anniversary of the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier. In conducting the commemorative program, the Secretary shall coordinate, support, and facilitate other programs and activities of the Federal Government and State and local governments.

"(2) Work with nongovernmental organizations.—In conducting the commemorative program, the Secretary may work with nongovernmental organizations working to support the commemoration of the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier. No public funds may be used to undertake activities sponsored by such organizations.

"(b) Schedule.—The Secretary shall determine the schedule of major events and priority of efforts for the commemorative program in order to ensure achievement of the objectives specified in subsection (c).

"(c) Commemorative Activities and Objectives.—The commemorative program may include activities and ceremonies to achieve the following objectives:

"(1) To honor America's commitment to never forget or forsake those who served and sacrificed for our Country, including personnel who were held as prisoners of war or listed as missing in action, and to thank and honor the families of these veterans.

"(2) To highlight the service of the Armed Forces in times of war or armed conflict and contributions of Federal agencies and governmental and nongovernmental organizations that served with, or in support of, the Armed Forces.

"(3) To pay tribute to the contributions made on the home front by the people of the United States in times of war or armed conflict.

"(4) To educate the American Public about service and sacrifice on behalf of the United States of America and the principles that define and unite us.

"(5) To recognize the contributions and sacrifices made by the allies of the United States during times of war or armed conflict.

"(d) Names and Symbols.—The Secretary shall have the sole and exclusive right to use the name 'The United States of America Tomb of the Unknown Soldier Commemoration', and such seal, emblems, and badges incorporating such name as the Secretary may lawfully adopt. Nothing in this section may be construed to supersede rights that are established or vested before the date of the enactment of this Act [Dec. 23, 2016].

"(e) Commemoration Fund.—

"(1) In general.—Upon the establishment of the commemorative program under subsection (a), the Secretary of the Treasury shall establish in the Treasury of the United States an account to be known as the 'Tomb of the Unknown Soldier Commemoration Fund' (in this subsection referred to as the 'Fund'). The Fund shall be administered by the Secretary of Defense.

"(2) Deposits.—There shall be deposited into the Fund the following:

"(A) Amounts appropriated to the Fund.

"(B) Proceeds derived from the use by the Secretary of Defense of the exclusive rights described in subsection (d).

"(C) Donations made in support of the commemorative program by private and corporate donors.

"(D) Funds transferred to the Fund by the Secretary of Defense from funds appropriated for fiscal year 2017 and subsequent years for the Department of Defense.

"(3) Use of fund.—The Secretary of Defense shall use the assets of the Fund only for the purpose of conducting the commemorative program. The Secretary shall prescribe such regulations regarding the use of the Fund as the Secretary considers appropriate.

"(4) Availability.—Amounts deposited under paragraph (2) shall constitute the assets of the Fund and remain available until expended.

"(5) Budget request.—The Secretary of Defense may establish a separate budget line for the commemorative program. In the budget justification materials submitted by the Secretary in support of the budget of the President for any fiscal year for which the Secretary establishes the separate budget line (as submitted to Congress pursuant to section 1105 of title 31, United States Code), the Secretary shall—

"(A) identify and explain any amounts expended for the commemorative program in the fiscal year preceding the budget request;

"(B) identify and explain the amounts being requested to support the commemorative program for the fiscal year of the budget request; and

"(C) present a summary of the fiscal status of the Fund.

"(f) Acceptance of Voluntary Services.—

"(1) Authority to accept services.—Notwithstanding section 1342 of title 31, United States Code, the Secretary of Defense may accept from any person voluntary services to be provided in furtherance of the commemorative program. The Secretary shall prohibit the solicitation of any voluntary services if the nature or circumstances of such solicitation would compromise the integrity or the appearance of integrity of any program of the Department of Defense or of any individual involved in the program.

"(2) Reimbursement of incidental expenses.—The Secretary may provide for reimbursement of incidental expenses incurred by a person providing voluntary services under this subsection. The Secretary shall determine which expenses are eligible for reimbursement under this paragraph.

"(g) Final Report.—Not later than 60 days after the end of the commemorative program, if established by the Secretary of Defense under subsection (a), the Secretary shall submit to Congress a report containing an accounting of the following:

"(1) All of the funds deposited into and expended from the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier Commemoration Fund.

"(2) Any other funds expended under this section.

"(3) Any unobligated funds remaining in the Fund."

John F. Kennedy Centennial Commission

Pub. L. 114–215, July 29, 2016, 130 Stat. 830, provided that:

"SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

"This Act may be cited as the 'John F. Kennedy Centennial Commission Act'.

"SEC. 2. ESTABLISHMENT.

"There is established a commission to be known as the 'John F. Kennedy Centennial Commission' (in this Act referred to as the 'Commission').

"SEC. 3. DUTIES OF COMMISSION.

"The Commission shall—

"(1) plan, develop, and carry out such activities as the Commission considers fitting and proper to honor John F. Kennedy on the occasion of the 100th anniversary of his birth;

"(2) provide advice and assistance to Federal, State, and local governmental agencies, as well as civic groups to carry out activities to honor John F. Kennedy on the occasion of the 100th anniversary of his birth;

"(3) develop activities that may be carried out by the Federal Government that are fitting and proper to honor John F. Kennedy on the occasion of the 100th anniversary of his birth; and

"(4) submit to the President and Congress reports pursuant to section 7.

"SEC. 4. MEMBERSHIP.

"(a) Number and Appointment.—The Commission shall be composed of 11 members as follows:

"(1) The Secretary of the Interior.

"(2) Four members appointed by the President after considering the recommendations of the Board of Trustees of the John F. Kennedy Library Foundation.

"(3) Two Members of the House of Representatives appointed by the Speaker of the House of Representatives.

"(4) One Member of the House of Representatives appointed by the minority leader of the House of Representatives.

"(5) Two Members of the Senate appointed by the majority leader of the Senate.

"(6) One Member of the Senate appointed by the minority leader of the Senate.

"(b) Ex Officio Member.—The Archivist of the United States shall serve in an ex officio capacity on the Commission to provide advice and information to the Commission.

"(c) Terms.—Each member shall be appointed for the life of the Commission.

"(d) Deadline for Appointment.—All members of the Commission shall be appointed not later than 90 days after the date of the enactment of this Act [July 29, 2016].

"(e) Vacancies.—A vacancy on the Commission shall—

"(1) not affect the powers of the Commission; and

"(2) be filled in the manner in which the original appointment was made.

"(f) Rates of Pay.—Members shall not receive compensation for the performance of their duties on behalf of the Commission.

"(g) Travel Expenses.—Each member of the Commission shall be reimbursed for travel and per diem in lieu of subsistence expenses during the performance of duties of the Commission while away from home or his or her regular place of business, in accordance with applicable provisions under subchapter I of chapter 57 of title 5, United States Code.

"(h) Quorum.—A majority of the members of the Commission shall constitute a quorum to conduct business, but two or more members may hold hearings.

"(i) Chairperson.—The chairperson of the Commission shall be elected by a majority vote of the members of the Commission.

"SEC. 5. DIRECTOR AND STAFF OF COMMISSION.

"(a) Director and Staff.—The Commission shall appoint an executive director and such other additional employees as are necessary to enable the Commission to perform its duties.

"(b) Applicability of Certain Civil Service Laws.—The executive director and employees of the Commission may be appointed without regard to the provisions of title 5, United States Code, governing appointments in the competitive service, and may be paid without regard to the provisions of chapter 51 and subchapter III of chapter 53 of such title relating to classification and General Schedule pay rates, except that the rate of pay for the executive director and other employees may not exceed the rate payable for level V of the Executive Schedule under section 5316 of such title.

"(c) Detail of Federal Employees.—Upon request of the Commission, the Secretary of the Interior or the Archivist of the United States may detail, on a reimbursable basis, any of the employees of that department or agency to the Commission to assist it in carrying out its duties under this Act.

"(d) Experts and Consultants.—The Commission may procure such temporary and intermittent services as are necessary to enable the Commission to perform its duties.

"(e) Volunteer and Uncompensated Services.—Notwithstanding section 1342 of title 31, United States Code, the Commission may accept and use voluntary and uncompensated services as the Commission determines necessary.

"SEC. 6. POWERS OF COMMISSION.

"(a) Hearings.—The Commission may, for the purpose of carrying out this Act, hold hearings, sit and act at times and places, take testimony, and receive evidence as the Commission considers appropriate.

"(b) Mails.—The Commission may use the United States mails in the same manner and under the same conditions as other departments and agencies of the United States.

"(c) Obtaining Official Data.—The Commission may secure directly from any department or agency of the United States information necessary to enable it to carry out its duties under this Act. Upon request of the chairperson of the Commission, the head of that department or agency shall furnish that information to the Commission.

"(d) Gifts, Bequests, Devises.—The Commission may solicit, accept, use, and dispose of gifts, bequests, or devises of money, services, or property, both real and personal, for the purpose of aiding or facilitating its work.

"(e) Available Space.—Upon the request of the Commission, the Administrator of General Services shall make available nationwide to the Commission, at a normal rental rate for Federal agencies, such assistance and facilities as may be necessary for the Commission to carry out its duties under this Act.

"(f) Contract Authority.—The Commission may enter into contracts with and compensate government and private agencies or persons to enable the Commission to discharge its duties under this Act.

"SEC. 7. REPORTS.

"(a) Annual Reports.—The Commission shall submit to the President and the Congress annual reports on the revenue and expenditures of the Commission, including a list of each gift, bequest, or devise to the Commission with a value of more than $250, together with the identity of the donor of each gift, bequest, or devise.

"(b) Interim Reports.—The Commission may submit to the President and Congress interim reports as the Commission considers appropriate.

"(c) Final Report.—Not later than August 31, 2017, the Commission shall submit a final report to the President and the Congress containing—

"(1) a summary of the activities of the Commission;

"(2) a final accounting of funds received and expended by the Commission; and

"(3) the findings, conclusions, and final recommendations of the Commission.

"SEC. 8. TERMINATION.

"The Commission may terminate on such date as the Commission may determine after it submits its final report pursuant to section 7(c), but not later than September 30, 2017.

"SEC. 9. ANNUAL AUDIT.

"The Inspector General of the Department of the Interior may perform an audit of the Commission, shall make the results of any audit performed available to the public, and shall transmit such results to the Committee on Oversight and Government Reform [now Committee on Oversight and Accountability] of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs of the Senate.

"SEC. 10. PROHIBITION ON OBLIGATION OF FEDERAL FUNDS.

"No Federal funds may be obligated to carry out this Act."

United States Semiquincentennial Commission

Pub. L. 114–196, July 22, 2016, 130 Stat. 685, as amended by Pub. L. 116–282, §2, Dec. 31, 2020, 134 Stat. 3386, provided that:

"SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

"This Act may be cited as the 'United States Semiquincentennial Commission Act of 2016'.

"SEC. 2. FINDINGS; PURPOSE.

"(a) Findings.—Congress finds that July 4, 2026, the 250th anniversary of the founding of the United States, as marked by the Declaration of Independence in 1776, and the historic events preceding that anniversary—

"(1) are of major significance in the development of the national heritage of the United States of individual liberty, representative government, and the attainment of equal and inalienable rights; and

"(2) have had a profound influence throughout the world.

"(b) Purpose.—The purpose of this Act is to establish a Commission to provide for the observance and commemoration of the 250th anniversary of the founding of the United States and related events through local, State, national, and international activities planned, encouraged, developed, and coordinated by a national commission representative of appropriate public and private authorities and organizations.

"SEC. 3. DEFINITIONS.

"In this Act:

"(1) Commission.—The term 'Commission' means the United States Semiquincentennial Commission established by section 4(a).

"(2) Private citizen.—The term 'private citizen' means an individual who is not an officer or employee of—

"(A) the Federal Government; or

"(B) a State or local government.

"(3) Secretary.—The term 'Secretary' means the Secretary of the Interior.

"SEC. 4. ESTABLISHMENT OF COMMISSION.

"(a) In General.—There is established a commission, to be known as the 'United States Semiquincentennial Commission', to plan, encourage, develop, and coordinate the commemoration of the history of the United States leading up to the 250th anniversary of the founding of the United States.

"(b) Composition.—The Commission shall be composed of the following members:

"(1) Four members of the Senate, of whom—

"(A) two shall be appointed by the majority leader of the Senate; and

"(B) two shall be appointed by the minority leader of the Senate.

"(2) Four members of the House of Representatives, of whom—

"(A) two shall be appointed by the Speaker of the House of Representatives; and

"(B) two shall be appointed by the minority leader of the House of Representatives.

"(3) Sixteen members who are private citizens, of whom—

"(A) four shall be appointed by the majority leader of the Senate;

"(B) four shall be appointed by the minority leader of the Senate;

"(C) four shall be appointed by the Speaker of the House of Representatives;

"(D) four shall be appointed by the minority leader of the House of Representatives; and

"(E) one of whom shall be designated by the President as the Chairperson.

"(4) The following nonvoting ex officio members:

"(A) The Secretary.

"(B) The Secretary of State.

"(C) The Attorney General.

"(D) The Secretary of Defense.

"(E) The Secretary of Education.

"(F) The Librarian of Congress.

"(G) The Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution.

"(H) The Archivist of the United States.

"(I) The Chairperson of the National Endowment for the Arts.

"(J) The Chairperson of the National Endowment for the Humanities.

"(K) The Director of the Institute of Museum and Library Services.

"(L)(i) The Chief Justice of the United States; or

"(ii) an Associate Justice or former Associate Justice appointed by the Chief Justice of the United States.

"(c) Term; Vacancies.—

"(1) Term.—A member shall be appointed for the life of the Commission.

"(2) Vacancies.—A vacancy on the Commission—

"(A) shall not affect the powers of the Commission; and

"(B) shall be filled in the same manner as the original appointment was made.

"(3) Removal of members who are private citizens.—Following notice and approval of the relevant appointing authority, on an affirmative vote of not less than 2/3 of the members of the Commission, the Commission may remove a member of the Commission appointed under subsection (b)(3).

"(d) Meetings.—

"(1) Location of first meeting.—The first meeting of the Commission shall be convened at Independence Hall in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, to honor the historical significance of the building as the site of deliberations and adoption of both the United States Declaration of Independence and Constitution.

"(2) Location of subsequent meetings.—At least 1 meeting of the Commission each year shall be held in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

"(e) Quorum.—A majority of the members of the Commission shall constitute a quorum, but a lesser number of members may hold hearings.

"SEC. 5. DUTIES.

"(a) In General.—The Commission shall—

"(1) prepare an overall program for commemorating the 250th anniversary of the founding of the United States and the historic events preceding that anniversary; and

"(2) plan, encourage, develop, and coordinate observances and activities commemorating the historic events that preceded, and are associated with, the United States Semiquincentennial.

"(b) Requirements.—

"(1) In general.—In preparing plans and an overall program, the Commission—

"(A) shall give due consideration to any related plans and programs developed by State, local, and private groups; and

"(B) may designate special committees with representatives from groups described in subparagraph (A) to plan, develop, and coordinate specific activities.

"(2) Emphasis.—The Commission shall—

"(A) emphasize the planning of events in locations of historical significance to the United States, especially in those locations that witnessed the assertion of American liberty, such as—

"(i) the 13 colonies; and

"(ii) leading cities, including Boston, Charleston, New York City, and Philadelphia; and

"(B) give special emphasis to—

"(i) the role of persons and locations with significant impact on the history of the United States during the 250-year period beginning on the date of execution of the Declaration of Independence; and

"(ii) the ideas associated with that history, which have been so important in the development of the United States, in world affairs, and in the quest for freedom of all mankind.

"(3) Infrastructure.—The Commission shall—

"(A) evaluate existing infrastructure;

"(B) include in the report required under subsection (c) recommendations for what infrastructure should be in place for the successful undertaking of an appropriate celebration in accordance with this Act; and

"(C) coordinate with State and local bodies to make necessary infrastructure improvements.

"(c) Report Submitted to the President.—

"(1) In general.—Not later than March 31, 2020, the Commission shall submit to the President a comprehensive report that includes the specific recommendations of the Commission for the commemoration of the 250th anniversary and related events.

"(2) Recommended activities.—The report may include recommended activities such as—

"(A) the production, publication, and distribution of books, pamphlets, films, and other educational materials focusing on the history, culture, and political thought of the period of the American Revolution;

"(B) bibliographical and documentary projects and publications;

"(C) conferences, convocations, lectures, seminars, and other programs, especially those located in the 13 colonies, including the major cities and buildings of national historical significance of the 13 colonies;

"(D) the development of libraries, museums, historic sites, and exhibits, including mobile exhibits;

"(E) ceremonies and celebrations commemorating specific events, such as—

"(i) the signing of the Declaration of Independence;

"(ii) programs and activities focusing on the national and international significance of the United States Semiquincentennial; and

"(iii) the implications of the Semiquincentennial for present and future generations; and

"(F) encouraging Federal agencies to integrate the celebration of the Semiquincentennial into the regular activities and execution of the purpose of the agencies through such activities as the issuance of coins, medals, certificates of recognition, stamps, and the naming of vessels.

"(3) Requirements.—The report shall include—

"(A) the recommendations of the Commission for the allocation of financial and administrative responsibility among the public and private authorities and organizations recommended for participation by the Commission; and

"(B) proposals for such legislative enactments and administrative actions as the Commission considers necessary to carry out the recommendations.

"(d) Report Submitted to Congress.—The President shall submit to Congress a report that contains—

"(1) the complete report of the Commission; and

"(2) such comments and recommendations for legislation and such a description of administrative actions taken by the President as the President considers appropriate.

"(e) Point of Contact.—The Commission, acting through the secretariat of the Commission described in section 9(b), shall serve as the point of contact of the Federal Government for all State, local, international, and private sector initiatives regarding the Semiquincentennial of the founding of the United States, with the purpose of coordinating and facilitating all fitting and proper activities honoring the 250th anniversary of the founding of the United States.

"SEC. 6. COORDINATION.

"(a) In General.—In carrying out this Act, the Commission shall consult and cooperate with, and seek advice and assistance from, appropriate Federal agencies, State and local public bodies, learned societies, and historical, patriotic, philanthropic, civic, professional, and related organizations.

"(b) Responsibility of Other Federal Agencies.—

"(1) In general.—Federal agencies shall cooperate with the Commission in planning, encouraging, developing, and coordinating appropriate commemorative activities.

"(2) Department of the interior.—

"(A) In general.—The Secretary shall undertake a study of appropriate actions that might be taken to further preserve and develop historic sites and battlefields, at such time and in such manner as will ensure that fitting observances and exhibits may be held at appropriate sites and battlefields during the 250th anniversary celebration.

"(B) Report.—The Secretary shall submit to the Commission a report that contains the results of the study and the recommendations of the Secretary, in time to afford the Commission an opportunity—

"(i) to review the study; and

"(ii) to incorporate in the report described in section 5(c) such findings and recommendations as the Commission considers appropriate.

"(3) Arts and humanities.—

"(A) In general.—The Chairperson of the National Endowment for the Arts, the Chairperson of the National Endowment for the Humanities, and the Director of the Institute of Museum and Library Services shall cooperate with the Commission, especially in the encouragement and coordination of scholarly works and artistic expressions focusing on the history, culture, and political thought of the period predating the United States Semiquincentennial.

"(B) Library of congress, smithsonian institution, and archives.—

"(i) In general.—The Librarian of Congress, the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, and the Archivist of the United States shall cooperate with the Commission, especially in the development and display of exhibits and collections and in the development of bibliographies, catalogs, and other materials relevant to the period predating the United States Semiquincentennial.

"(ii) Location.—To the maximum extent practicable, displays described in subparagraph (A) shall be located in, or in facilities near to, buildings of historical significance to the American Revolution, so as to promote greater public awareness of the heritage of the United States.

"(C) Submission of recommendations.—Each of the officers described in this paragraph shall submit to the Commission a report containing recommendations in time to afford the Commission an opportunity—

"(i) to review the reports; and

"(ii) to incorporate in the report described in section 5(c) such findings and recommendations as the Commission considers appropriate.

"(4) Department of state.—The Secretary of State shall coordinate the participation of foreign nations in the celebration of the United States Semiquincentennial, including by soliciting the erection of monuments and other cultural cooperations in founding and other cities of the United States so as—

"(A) to celebrate the shared heritage of the United States with the many peoples and nations of the world; and

"(B) to provide liaison and encouragement for the erection of international pavilions to showcase the spread of democratic institutions abroad in the period following the American Revolution.

"SEC. 7. POWERS.

"(a) Hearings.—The Commission may hold such hearings, meet and act at such times and places, take such testimony, and receive such evidence as the Commission considers advisable to carry out this Act.

"(b) Information From Federal Agencies.—

"(1) In general.—The Commission may secure directly from a Federal agency such information as the Commission considers necessary to carry out this Act.

"(2) Provision of information.—On request of the Chairperson of the Commission, the head of the agency shall provide the information to the Commission.

"(c) Postal Services.—The Commission may use the United States mails in the same manner and under the same conditions as other agencies of the Federal Government.

"(d) Gifts.—The Commission may accept, use, and dispose of gifts or donations of money, property, or personal services.

"(e) Additional Powers.—As determined necessary by the Commission, the Commission may—

"(1) procure supplies, services, and property;

"(2) make contracts;

"(3) expend in furtherance of this Act funds donated or received in pursuance of contracts entered into under this Act; and

"(4) take such actions as are necessary to enable the Commission to carry out efficiently and in the public interest the purposes of this Act.

"(f) Use of Materials.—

"(1) Time capsule.—A representative portion of all books, manuscripts, miscellaneous printed matter, memorabilia, relics, and other materials relating to the United States Semiquincentennial shall be deposited in a time capsule—

"(A) to be buried in Independence Mall, Philadelphia, on July 4, 2026; and

"(B) to be unearthed on the occasion of the 500th anniversary of the United States of America on July 4, 2276.

"(2) Other materials.—All other books, manuscripts, miscellaneous printed matter, memorabilia, relics, and other materials relating to the United States Semiquincentennial, whether donated to the Commission or collected by the Commission, may be deposited for preservation in national, State, or local libraries or museums or be otherwise disposed of by the Commission, in consultation with the Librarian of Congress, the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, the Archivist of the United States, and the Administrator of General Services.

"(g) Property.—Any property acquired by the Commission remaining on termination of the Commission may be—

"(1) used by the Secretary for purposes of the National Park Service; or

"(2) disposed of as excess or surplus property.

"SEC. 8. COMMISSION PERSONNEL MATTERS.

"(a) Compensation of Members.—The members of the Commission shall receive no compensation for service on the Commission.

"(b) Travel Expenses.—A member of the Commission shall be allowed travel expenses, including per diem in lieu of subsistence, at rates authorized for an employee of an agency under subchapter I of chapter 57 of title 5, United States Code, while away from the home or regular place of business of the member in the performance of the duties of the Commission.

"(c) Staff.—

"(1) In general.—The Chairperson of the Commission may, without regard to the civil service laws (including regulations), appoint and terminate an executive director and such other additional personnel as are necessary to enable the Commission to perform the duties of the Commission.

"(2) Confirmation of executive director.—The employment of an executive director shall be subject to confirmation by the Commission.

"(3) Compensation.—

"(A) In general.—Except as provided in subparagraph (B), the Chairperson of the Commission may fix the compensation of the executive director and other personnel without regard to the provisions of chapter 51 and subchapter III of chapter 53 of title 5, United States Code, relating to classification of positions and General Schedule pay rates.

"(B) Maximum rate of pay.—The rate of pay for the executive director and other personnel shall not exceed the rate payable for level V of the Executive Schedule under section 5316 of title 5, United States Code.

"(d) Detail of Federal Government Employees.—

"(1) In general.—An employee of the Federal Government may be detailed to the Commission without reimbursement.

"(2) Civil service status.—The detail of the employee shall be without interruption or loss of civil service status or privilege.

"(e) Procurement of Temporary and Intermittent Services.—The Chairperson of the Commission may procure temporary and intermittent services in accordance with section 3109(b) of title 5, United States Code, at rates for individuals that do not exceed the daily equivalent of the annual rate of basic pay prescribed for level V of the Executive Schedule under section 5316 of that title.

"(f) Advisory Committees.—The Commission may appoint such advisory committees as the Commission determines necessary.

"SEC. 9. EXPENDITURES OF COMMISSION.

"(a) In General.—All expenditures of the Commission shall be made from donations, earned income, and any funds made available to carry out this Act under subsection (f).

"(b) Administrative Secretariat.—The Secretary of the Interior shall, through a competitive process, seek to enter into an arrangement with a nonprofit organization, the mission of which is consistent with the purpose of this Act. Under such arrangement, such nonprofit organization shall—

"(1) serve as the secretariat of the Commission, including by serving as the point of contact under section 5(e);

"(2) house the administrative offices of the Commission;

"(3) assume responsibility for funds of the Commission; and

"(4) provide to the Commission financial and administrative services, including services related to budgeting, accounting, financial reporting, personnel, and procurement.

"(c) Payment for Financial and Administrative Services.—

"(1) In general.—Subject to paragraph (2), payment for services provided under subsection (b)(4) shall be made in advance, or by reimbursement, from funds of the Commission in such amounts as may be agreed on by the Chairperson of the Commission and the secretariat of the Commission.

"(2) Relationship to regulations.—

"(A) Erroneous payments.—The regulations under section 5514 of title 5, United States Code, relating to the collection of indebtedness of personnel resulting from erroneous payments shall apply to the collection of erroneous payments made to, or on behalf of, a Commission employee.

"(B) No promulgation by commission.—The Commission shall not be required to prescribe any regulations relating to the matters described in subparagraph (A).

"(d) Annual Report.—Annually during the period beginning 1 year after the Commission submits the report to the President under section 5(c)(1) and ending on December 31, 2027, the Commission shall submit to Congress a report of the activities of the Commission, including an accounting of funds received and expended during the year covered by the report.

"(e) Intellectual Property Protections.—The Commission shall have the exclusive right to use, and to allow others to use, the official marks, imprimaturs, and logos of the Commission.

"(f) Authorization of Appropriations.—There are authorized to be appropriated such sums as are necessary to carry out this Act.

"SEC. 10. TERMINATION OF COMMISSION.

"The Commission shall terminate on December 31, 2027."

World War I Centennial

Pub. L. 113–291, div. B, title XXX, §3091(a)–(c)(3)(B), Dec. 19, 2014, 128 Stat. 3858–3860, provided that:

"(a) Liberty Memorial as World War I Museum and Memorial.—

"(1) Designation of liberty memorial.—The Liberty Memorial of Kansas City at America's National World War I Museum in Kansas City, Missouri, is hereby designated as a 'World War I Museum and Memorial'.

"(2) Ceremonies.—The World War I Centennial Commission (in this section referred to as the 'Commission') may plan, develop, and execute ceremonies to recognize the designation of the Liberty Memorial of Kansas City as a World War I Museum and Memorial.

"(b) Pershing Park as World War I Memorial.—

"(1) Redesignation of pershing park.—Pershing Park in the District of Columbia is hereby redesignated as a 'World War I Memorial'.

"(2) Ceremonies.—The Commission may plan, develop, and execute ceremonies for the rededication of Pershing Park, as it approaches its 50th anniversary, as a World War I Memorial and for the enhancement of the General Pershing Commemorative Work as authorized by paragraph (3).

"(3) Authority to enhance commemorative work.—

"(A) In general.—The Commission may enhance the General Pershing Commemorative Work by constructing on the land designated by paragraph (1) as a World War I Memorial appropriate sculptural and other commemorative elements, including landscaping, to further honor the service of members of the United States Armed Forces in World War I.

"(B) General pershing commemorative work defined.—In this subsection, the term 'General Pershing Commemorative Work' means the memorial to the late John J. Pershing, General of the Armies of the United States, who commanded the American Expeditionary Forces in World War I, and to the officers and men under his command, as authorized by Public Law 89–786 (80 Stat. 1377).

"(4) Compliance with standards for commemorative works.—

"(A) In general.—Except as provided in subparagraph (B), chapter 89 of title 40, United States Code, applies to the enhancement of the General Pershing Commemorative Work under this subsection.

"(B) Waiver of certain requirements.—

"(i) Site selection for memorial.—Section 8905 of such title does not apply with respect to the selection of the site for the World War I Memorial.

"(ii) Certain conditions.—Section 8908(b) of such title does not apply to this subsection.

"(5) No infringement upon existing memorial.—The World War I Memorial designated by paragraph (1) may not interfere with or encroach on the District of Columbia War Memorial.

"(6) Deposit of excess funds.—

"(A) Use for other world war i commemorative activities.—If, upon payment of all expenses for the enhancement of the General Pershing Commemorative Work under this subsection (including the maintenance and preservation amount required by section 8906(b)(1) of title 40, United States Code), there remains a balance of funds received for such purpose, the Commission may use the amount of the balance for other commemorative activities authorized under the World War I Centennial Commission Act (Public Law 112–272; 126 Stat. 2448) [set out below].

"(B) Use for other commemorative works.—If the authority for enhancement of the General Pershing Commemorative Work and the authority of the Commission to plan and conduct commemorative activities under the World War I Centennial Commission Act have expired and there remains a balance of funds received for the enhancement of the General Pershing Commemorative Work, the Commission shall transmit the amount of the balance to a separate account with the National Park Foundation, to be available to the Secretary of the Interior following the process provided in section 8906(b)(4) of title 40, United States Code, for accounts established under section 8906(b)(3) of such title, except that funds in such account may only be obligated subject to appropriation.

"(7) Authorization to complete construction after termination of commission.—[Amended section 8 of Pub. L. 112–272, set out below.]

"(c) Additional Amendments to World War I Centennial Commission Act.—[Pars. (1) to (3)(B) amended sections 4, 7, and 9 of Pub. L. 112–272, set out below. Par. (3)(C) amended table of contents of Pub. L. 112–272, which was omitted from the Code.]"

Pub. L. 112–272, Jan. 14, 2013, 126 Stat. 2448, as amended by Pub. L. 113–291, div. B, title XXX, §3091(b)(7)–(c)(3)(B), Dec. 19, 2014, 128 Stat. 3859, 3860; Pub. L. 114–289, title VI, §601(l), Dec. 16, 2016, 130 Stat. 1492; Pub. L. 117–286, §4(a)(216), Dec. 27, 2022, 136 Stat. 4329, provided that:

"SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS.

"(a) Short Title.—This Act may be cited as the 'World War I Centennial Commission Act'.

"(b) Table of Contents.—[Omitted.]

"SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

"Congress makes the following findings:

"(1) From 2014 through 2018, the United States and nations around the world will mark the centennial of World War I, including the entry of the United States into the war in April 1917.

"(2) America's support of Great Britain, France, Belgium, and its other allies in World War I marked the first time in United States history that American soldiers went abroad in defense of liberty against foreign aggression, and it marked the true beginning of the 'American century'.

"(3) Although World War I was at the time called 'the war to end all wars', in fact the United States would commit its troops to the defense of foreign lands 3 more times in the 20th century.

"(4) More than 4,000,000 men and women from the United States served in uniform during World War I, among them 2 future presidents, Harry S. Truman and Dwight D. Eisenhower. Two million individuals from the United States served overseas during World War I, including 200,000 naval personnel who served on the seas. The United States suffered 375,000 casualties during World War I, including 116,516 deaths.

"(5) The events of 1914 through 1918 shaped the world, the United States, and the lives of millions of people.

"(6) The centennial of World War I offers an opportunity for people in the United States to learn about and commemorate the sacrifices of their predecessors.

"(7) Commemorative programs, activities, and sites allow people in the United States to learn about the history of World War I, the United States involvement in that war, and the war's effects on the remainder of the 20th century, and to commemorate and honor the participation of the United States and its citizens in the war effort.

"SEC. 3. DEFINITIONS.

"In this Act—

"(1) America's national world war i museum.—The term 'America's National World War I Museum' means the Liberty Memorial Museum in Kansas City, Missouri, as recognized by Congress in section 1031(b) of the Ronald W. Reagan National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2005 (Public Law 108–375; 118 Stat. 2045).

"(2) Centennial commission.—The term 'Centennial Commission' means the World War I Centennial Commission established by section 4(a).

"(3) Veterans service organization.—The term 'veterans service organization' means any organization recognized by the Secretary of Veterans Affairs for the representation of veterans under section 5902 of title 38, United States Code.

"SEC. 4. ESTABLISHMENT OF WORLD WAR I CENTENNIAL COMMISSION.

"(a) Establishment.—There is established a commission to be known as the 'World War I Centennial Commission'.

"(b) Membership.—

"(1) Composition.—The Centennial Commission shall be composed of 12 members as follows:

"(A) Two members who shall be appointed by the Speaker of the House of Representatives.

"(B) One member who shall be appointed by the minority leader of the House of Representatives.

"(C) Two members who shall be appointed by the majority leader of the Senate.

"(D) One member who shall be appointed by the minority leader of the Senate.

"(E) Three members who shall be appointed by the President from among persons who are broadly representative of the people of the United States (including members of the Armed Forces, veterans, and representatives of veterans service organizations).

"(F) One member who shall be appointed by the executive director of the Veterans of Foreign Wars of the United States.

"(G) One member who shall be appointed by the executive director of the American Legion.

"(H) One member who shall be appointed by the president of the Liberty Memorial Association.

"(2) Time for appointment.—The members of the Centennial Commission shall be appointed not later than 60 days after the date of the enactment of this Act [Jan. 14, 2013].

"(3) Period of appointment.—Each member shall be appointed for the life of the Centennial Commission.

"(4) Vacancies.—A vacancy in the Centennial Commission shall be filled in the manner in which the original appointment was made.

"(c) Meetings.—

"(1) Initial meeting.—

"(A) In general.—Not later than 30 days after the date on which all members of the Centennial Commission have been appointed, the Centennial Commission shall hold its first meeting.

"(B) Location.—The location for the meeting held under subparagraph (A) shall be the America's National World War I Museum.

"(2) Subsequent meetings.—

"(A) In general.—The Centennial Commission shall meet at the call of the Chair.

"(B) Frequency.—The Chair shall call a meeting of the members of the Centennial Commission not less frequently than once each year.

"(C) Location.—Not less frequently than once each year, the Centennial Commission shall meet at the America's National World War I Museum.

"(3) Quorum.—Seven members of the Centennial Commission shall constitute a quorum, but a lesser number may hold hearings.

"(d) Chair and Vice Chair.—The Centennial Commission shall select a Chair and Vice Chair from among its members.

"(e) Ex Officio and Other Advisory Members.—

"(1) Powers.—The individuals listed in paragraphs (2) and (3), or their designated representative, shall serve on the Centennial Commission solely to provide advice and information to the members of the Centennial Commission appointed pursuant to subsection (b)(1), and shall not be considered members for purposes of any other provision of this Act.

"(2) Ex officio members.—The following individuals shall serve as ex officio members:

"(A) The Archivist of the United States.

"(B) The Librarian of Congress.

"(C) The Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution.

"(D) The Secretary of Education.

"(E) The Secretary of State.

"(F) The Secretary of Veterans Affairs.

"(G) The Administrator of General Services.

"(3) Other advisory members.—The following individuals shall serve as other advisory members:

"(A) Four members appointed by the Secretary of Defense in the following manner: One from the Navy, one from the Marine Corps, one from the Army, and one from the Air Force.

"(B) Two members appointed by the Secretary of Homeland Security in the following manner: One from the Coast Guard and one from the United States Secret Service.

"(C) Two members appointed by the Secretary of the Interior, including one from the National Park Service.

"(4) Vacancies.—A vacancy in a member position under paragraph (3) shall be filled in the same manner in which the original appointment was made.

"SEC. 5. DUTIES OF CENTENNIAL COMMISSION.

"(a) In General.—The duties of the Centennial Commission are as follows:

"(1) To plan, develop, and execute programs, projects, and activities to commemorate the centennial of World War I.

"(2) To encourage private organizations and State and local governments to organize and participate in activities commemorating the centennial of World War I.

"(3) To facilitate and coordinate activities throughout the United States relating to the centennial of World War I.

"(4) To serve as a clearinghouse for the collection and dissemination of information about events and plans for the centennial of World War I.

"(5) To develop recommendations for Congress and the President for commemorating the centennial of World War I.

"(b) Reports.—

"(1) Periodic report.—Not later than the last day of the 6-month period beginning on the date of the enactment of this Act [Jan. 14, 2013], and not later than the last day of each 3-month period thereafter, the Centennial Commission shall submit to Congress and the President a report on the activities and plans of the Centennial Commission.

"(2) Recommendations.—Not later than 2 years after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Centennial Commission shall submit to Congress and the President a report containing specific recommendations for commemorating the centennial of World War I and coordinating related activities.

"SEC. 6. POWERS OF CENTENNIAL COMMISSION.

"(a) Hearings.—The Centennial Commission may hold such hearings, sit and act at such times and places, take such testimony, and receive such evidence as the Centennial Commission considers appropriate to carry out its duties under this Act.

"(b) Powers of Member and Agents.—If authorized by the Centennial Commission, any member or agent of the Centennial Commission may take any action which the Centennial Commission is authorized to take under this Act.

"(c) Information From Federal Agencies.—The Centennial Commission shall secure directly from any Federal department or agency such information as the Centennial Commission considers necessary to carry out the provisions of this Act. Upon the request of the Chair of the Centennial Commission, the head of such department or agency shall furnish such information to the Centennial Commission.

"(d) Administrative Support Services.—Upon the request of the Centennial Commission, the Administrator of the General Services Administration shall provide to the Centennial Commission, on a reimbursable basis, the administrative support services necessary for the Centennial Commission to carry out its responsibilities under this Act.

"(e) Contract Authority.—

"(1) In general.—Except as provided in paragraph (2), the Centennial Commission is authorized—

"(A) to procure supplies, services, and property; and

"(B) to make or enter into contracts, leases, or other legal agreements.

"(2) Limitation.—The Centennial Commission may not enter into any contract, lease, or other legal agreement that extends beyond the date of the termination of the Centennial Commission under section 8(a).

"(f) Postal Services.—The Centennial Commission may use the United States mails in the same manner and under the same conditions as other departments and agencies of the Federal Government.

"(g) Gifts, Bequests, and Devises.—The Centennial Commission shall accept, use, and dispose of gifts, bequests, or devises of services or property, both real and personal, for the purpose of covering the costs incurred by the Centennial Commission to carry out its duties under this Act.

"SEC. 7. CENTENNIAL COMMISSION PERSONNEL MATTERS.

"(a) Compensation of Members.—Members of the Centennial Commission shall serve without compensation for such service.

"(b) Travel Expenses.—Each member of the Centennial Commission shall be allowed travel expenses, including per diem in lieu of subsistence, in accordance with the applicable provisions of title 5, United States Code.

"(c) Staff.—

"(1) In general.—The Chair of the Centennial Commission shall, in consultation with the members of the Centennial Commission, appoint an executive director and such other additional personnel as may be necessary to enable the Centennial Commission to perform its duties.

"(2) Compensation.—

"(A) In general.—Subject to subparagraph (B), the Chair of the Centennial Commission may fix the compensation of the executive director and any other personnel appointed under paragraph (1), without regard to the provisions of chapter 51 and subchapter III of chapter 53 of title 5, United States Code, relating to classification and General Schedule pay rates.

"(B) Limitation.—The Chair of the Centennial Commission may not fix the compensation of the executive director or other personnel appointed under paragraph (1) at a rate that exceeds the rate of payable [sic] for level II of the Executive Schedule under section 5315 of title 5, United States Code.

"(C) Work location.—If the city government for Kansas City, Missouri, and the Liberty Memorial Association make space available in the building in which the America's National World War I Museum is located, the executive director of the Centennial Commission and other personnel appointed under paragraph (1) shall work in such building to the extent practical.

"(d) Detail of Government Employees.—Upon request of the Centennial Commission, the head of any Federal department or agency may detail, on a reimbursable basis, any employee of that department or agency to the Centennial Commission to assist it in carrying out its duties under this Act.

"(e) Procurement of Temporary and Intermittent Services.—The Chair of the Centennial Commission may procure temporary and intermittent services under section 3109(b) of title 5, United States Code.

"SEC. 8. TERMINATION OF CENTENNIAL COMMISSION.

"(a) In General.—Except as provided in subsection (c), the Centennial Commission shall terminate on the earlier of—

"(1) the date that is 30 days after the date the completion of the activities under this Act honoring the centennial observation of World War I; or

"(2) July 28, 2019.

"(b) Application of Chapter 10 of Title 5, United States Code.—

"(1) In general.—Except as provided in paragraph (2), the provisions of chapter 10 of title 5, United States Code, shall apply to the activities of the Centennial Commission under this Act.

"(2) Exception.—Section 1013(a) of title 5, United States Code, shall not apply to the Centennial Commission.

"(c) Exception for Completion of World War I Memorial.—The Centennial Commission may perform such work as is necessary to complete the rededication of a World War I Memorial and enhancement of the General Pershing Commemorative Work under section 3091(b) of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2015 [Pub. L. 113–291, set out above], subject to section 8903 of title 40, United States Code.

"SEC. 9. LIMITATION ON OBLIGATION OF FEDERAL FUNDS.

"No Federal funds may be obligated or expended for the designation, establishment, or enhancement of a memorial or commemorative work by the World War I Centennial Commission."

Ronald Reagan Centennial Commission

Pub. L. 111–25, June 2, 2009, 123 Stat. 1767, as amended by Pub. L. 112–13, §1, May 12, 2011, 125 Stat. 215, provided that:

"SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

"This Act may be cited as the 'Ronald Reagan Centennial Commission Act'.

"SEC. 2. ESTABLISHMENT.

"There is established a commission to be known as the 'Ronald Reagan Centennial Commission' (in this Act referred to as the 'Commission').

"SEC. 3. DUTIES OF COMMISSION.

"The Commission shall—

"(1) plan, develop, and carry out such activities as the Commission considers fitting and proper to honor Ronald Reagan on the occasion of the 100th anniversary of his birth;

"(2) provide advice and assistance to Federal, State, and local governmental agencies, as well as civic groups[,] to carry out activities to honor Ronald Reagan on the occasion of the 100th anniversary of his birth;

"(3) develop activities that may be carried out by the Federal Government to determine whether the activities are fitting and proper to honor Ronald Reagan on the occasion of the 100th anniversary of his birth; and

"(4) submit to the President and Congress reports pursuant to section 7.

"SEC. 4. MEMBERSHIP.

"(a) Number and Appointment.—The Commission shall be composed of 11 members as follows:

"(1) The Secretary of the Interior.

"(2) Four members appointed by the President after considering the recommendations of the Board of Trustees of the Ronald Reagan Foundation.

"(3) Two Members of the House of Representatives appointed by the Speaker of the House of Representatives.

"(4) One Member of the House of Representatives appointed by the minority leader of the House of Representatives.

"(5) Two Members of the Senate appointed by the majority leader of the Senate.

"(6) One Member of the Senate appointed by the minority leader of the Senate.

"(b) Ex Officio Member.—The Archivist of the United States shall serve in an ex officio capacity on the Commission to provide advice and information to the Commission.

"(c) Terms.—Each member shall be appointed for the life of the Commission.

"(d) Deadline for Appointment.—All members of the Commission shall be appointed not later than 90 days after the date of the enactment of this Act [June 2, 2009].

"(e) Vacancies.—A vacancy on the Commission shall—

"(1) not affect the powers of the Commission; and

"(2) be filled in the manner in which the original appointment was made.

"(f) Rates of Pay.—Members shall not receive compensation for the performance of their duties on behalf of the Commission.

"(g) Travel Expenses.—Each member of the Commission shall be reimbursed for travel and per diem in lieu of subsistence expenses during the performance of duties of the Commission while away from home or his or her regular place of business, in accordance with applicable provisions under subchapter I of chapter 57 of title 5, United States Code.

"(h) Quorum.—A majority of the members of the Commission shall constitute a quorum to conduct business, but two or more members may hold hearings.

"(i) Chairperson.—The chairperson of the Commission shall be elected by a majority vote of the members of the Commission.

"SEC. 5. DIRECTOR AND STAFF OF COMMISSION.

"(a) Director and Staff.—The Commission shall appoint an executive director and such other additional personnel as are necessary to enable the Commission to perform its duties.

"(b) Applicability of Certain Civil Service Laws.—The executive director and staff of the Commission may be appointed without regard to the provisions of title 5, United States Code, governing appointments in the competitive service, and may be paid without regard to the provisions of chapter 51 and subchapter III of chapter 53 of such title relating to classification and General Schedule pay rates, except that the rate of pay for the executive director and other staff may not exceed the rate payable for level V of the Executive Schedule under section 5316 of such title.

"(c) Detail of Federal Employees.—Upon request of the Commission, the Secretary of the Interior or the Archivist of the United States may detail, on a reimbursable basis, any of the personnel of that department or agency to the Commission to assist it in carrying out its duties under this Act.

"(d) Experts and Consultants.—The Commission may procure such temporary and intermittent services as are necessary to enable the Commission to perform its duties.

"(e) Volunteer and Uncompensated Services.—Notwithstanding section 1342 of title 31, United States Code, the Commission may accept and use voluntary and uncompensated services as the Commission determines necessary.

"SEC. 6. POWERS OF COMMISSION.

"(a) Hearings.—The Commission may, for the purpose of carrying out this Act, hold hearings, sit and act at times and places, take testimony, and receive evidence as the Commission considers appropriate.

"(b) Mails.—The Commission may use the United States mails in the same manner and under the same conditions as other departments and agencies of the United States.

"(c) Obtaining Official Data.—The Commission may secure directly from any department or agency of the United States information necessary to enable it to carry out its duties under this Act. Upon request of the chairperson of the Commission, the head of that department or agency shall furnish that information to the Commission.

"(d) Gifts, Bequests, Devises.—The Commission may solicit, accept, use, and dispose of gifts, bequests, or devises of money, services, or property, both real and personal, for the purpose of aiding or facilitating its work.

"(e) Available Space.—Upon the request of the Commission, the Administrator of General Services shall make available nationwide to the Commission, at a normal rental rate for Federal agencies, such assistance and facilities as may be necessary for the Commission to carry out its duties under this Act.

"(f) Contract Authority.—The Commission may enter into contracts with and compensate government and private agencies or persons to enable the Commission to discharge its duties under this Act.

"SEC. 7. REPORTS.

"(a) Annual Reports.—The Commission shall submit to the President and the Congress annual reports on the revenue and expenditures of the Commission, including a list of each gift, bequest, or devise to the Commission with a value of more than $250, together with the identity of the donor of each gift, bequest, or devise.

"(b) Interim Reports.—The Commission may submit to the President and Congress interim reports as the Commission considers appropriate.

"(c) Final Report.—Not later than November 30, 2011, the Commission shall submit a final report to the President and the Congress containing—

"(1) a summary of the activities of the Commission;

"(2) a final accounting of funds received and expended by the Commission; and

"(3) the findings, conclusions, and final recommendations of the Commission.

"SEC. 8. TERMINATION.

"The Commission may terminate on such date as the Commission may determine after it submits its final report pursuant to section 7(c), but not later than December 31, 2011.

"SEC. 9. ANNUAL AUDIT.

"The Inspector General of the Department of the Interior may perform an audit of the Commission, shall make the results of any audit performed available to the public, and shall transmit such results to the Committee on Oversight and Government Reform [now Committee on Oversight and Accountability] of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs of the Senate.

"SEC. 10. PROHIBITION ON OBLIGATION OF FEDERAL FUNDS.

"No Federal funds may be obligated to carry out this Act."

225th Anniversary of the American Revolution Commemoration

Pub. L. 108–447, div. J, title II, Dec. 8, 2004, 118 Stat. 3348, provided that:

"SEC. 201. SHORT TITLE.

"This title may be cited as the '225th Anniversary of the American Revolution Commemoration Act'.

"SEC. 202. FINDINGS AND PURPOSES.

"(a) FINDINGS.—Congress finds the following:

"(1) The American Revolution, inspired by the spirit of liberty and independence among the inhabitants of the original 13 colonies of Great Britain, was an event of global significance having a profound and lasting effect upon American Government, laws, culture, society, and values.

"(2) The years 2000 through 2008 mark the 225th anniversary of the Revolutionary War.

"(3) Every generation of American citizens should have an opportunity to understand and appreciate the continuing legacy of the American Revolution.

"(4) This 225th anniversary provides an opportunity to enhance public awareness and understanding of the impact of the American Revolution's legacy on the lives of citizens today.

"(5) Although the National Park Service administers battlefields, historical parks, historic sites, and programs that address elements of the story of the American Revolution, there is a need to establish partnerships that link sites and programs administered by the National Park Service with those of other Federal and non-Federal entities in order to place the story of the American Revolution in the broad context of its causes, consequences, and meanings.

"(6) The story and significance of the American Revolution can best engage the American people through a national program of the National Park Service that links historic structures and sites, routes, activities, community projects, exhibits, and multimedia materials, in a manner that is both unified and flexible.

"(b) Purposes.—The purposes of this Act [probably should be "title"] are as follows:

"(1) To recognize the enduring importance of the American Revolution in the lives of American citizens today.

"(2) To authorize the National Park Service to coordinate, connect, and facilitate Federal and non-Federal activities to commemorate, honor, and interpret the history of the American Revolution, its significance, and its relevance to the shape and spirit of American Government and society.

"SEC. 203. 225TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION COMMEMORATION PROGRAM.

"(a) In General.—The Secretary of the Interior (hereinafter in this Act [title] referred to as the 'Secretary') shall establish a program to be known as the '225th Anniversary of the American Revolution Commemoration' (hereinafter in this Act [title] referred to as the '225th Anniversary'). In administering the 225th Anniversary, the Secretary shall—

"(1) produce and disseminate to appropriate persons educational materials, such as handbooks, maps, interpretive guides, or electronic information related to the 225th Anniversary and the American Revolution;

"(2) enter into appropriate cooperative agreements and memoranda of understanding to provide technical assistance under subsection (c);

"(3) assist in the protection of resources associated with the American Revolution;

"(4) enhance communications, connections, and collaboration among the National Park Service units and programs related to the Revolutionary War;

"(5) expand the research base for American Revolution interpretation and education; and

"(6) create and adopt an official, uniform symbol or device for the theme 'Lighting Freedom's Flame: American Revolution, 225th Anniversary' and issue regulations for its use.

"(b) Elements.—The 225th Anniversary shall encompass the following elements:

"(1) All units and programs of the National Park Service determined by the Secretary to pertain to the American Revolution.

"(2) Other governmental and nongovernmental sites, facilities, and programs of an educational, research, or interpretive nature that are documented to be directly related to the American Revolution.

"(3) Through the Secretary of State, the participation of the Governments of the United Kingdom, France, the Netherlands, Spain, and Canada.

"(c) Cooperative Agreements and Memoranda of Understanding.—To achieve the purposes of this Act [title] and to ensure effective coordination of the Federal and non-Federal elements of the 225th Anniversary with National Park Service units and programs, the Secretary may enter into cooperative agreements and memoranda of understanding with, and provide technical assistance to, the following:

"(1) The heads of other Federal agencies, States, units of local government, and private entities.

"(2) In cooperation with the Secretary of State, the Governments of the United Kingdom, France, the Netherlands, Spain, and Canada.

"(d) Authorization of Appropriations.—There is authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out this Act [title] $500,000 for each of fiscal years 2004 through 2009."

Benjamin Franklin Tercentenary Commission

Pub. L. 107–202, July 24, 2002, 116 Stat. 739, known as the Benjamin Franklin Tercentenary Commission Act, created the Commission to celebrate the 300th anniversary of Franklin's birth, established the Commission's membership, duties and powers, authorized appropriations, required interim reports and a final report by Jan. 16, 2007, and provided that the Commission would terminate 120 days after submitting its final report.

Brown v. Board of Education 50th Anniversary Commission

Pub. L. 107–41, Sept. 18, 2001, 115 Stat. 226, created the Brown v. Board of Education 50th Anniversary Commission to plan and coordinate the commemoration of the 50th anniversary of the Supreme Court decision in Brown v. Board of Education and provided for reports by the Commission and for its termination not later than Feb. 1, 2005.

James Madison Commemoration Commission

Pub. L. 106–550, Dec. 19, 2000, 114 Stat. 2745, known as the James Madison Commemoration Commission Act, created the James Madison Commemoration Commission and the James Madison Commemoration Advisory Committee, directed them to prepare various publications, activities, and events relating to the life of James Madison, and provided for a final report by the Commission not later than Feb. 15, 2002, and the termination of the Commission and Committee not later than 60 days after submission of the report.

Abraham Lincoln Bicentennial Commission

Pub. L. 106–173, Feb. 25, 2000, 114 Stat. 14, as amended by Pub. L. 107–20, title II, §2804, July 24, 2001, 115 Stat. 185; Pub. L. 107–68, title II, §209, Nov. 12, 2001, 115 Stat. 588; Pub. L. 107–117, div. B, §917(a), Jan. 10, 2002, 115 Stat. 2324; Pub. L. 108–7, div. H, title I, §1304, Feb. 20, 2003, 117 Stat. 379; Pub. L. 108–59, §1, July 14, 2003, 117 Stat. 860; Pub. L. 111–8, div. G, title I, §1204, Mar. 11, 2009, 123 Stat. 826, known as the Abraham Lincoln Bicentennial Commission Act, established the Abraham Lincoln Bicentennial Commission to plan and carry out various activities to honor the bicentennial anniversary of Lincoln's birth and provided for a final report by the Commission not later than Apr. 30, 2010, and termination of the Commission 120 days after submission of the report.


Executive Documents

Proc. No. 10585. Armed Forces Day

Proc. No. 10585, May 19, 2023, 88 F.R. 33529, provided:

On Armed Forces Day, we honor all the members of our Army, Navy, Air Force, Marine Corps, Space Force, Coast Guard, and National Guard and Reserve forces. United by a common call to serve, these brave patriots not only comprise the finest fighting force the world has ever known but also represent the very best of our Nation.

Today, less than 1 percent of Americans currently wear the uniform—stepping up to defend the other 99 percent of our Nation with honor and courage. Through trials and testing as well as dangers and deployments, our service members remain resilient and resolved in their mission. They—and their families, caregivers, and survivors—also shoulder unique burdens, serving and sacrificing for our Nation's core values: freedom, democracy, and liberty. And this year, as we mark the 50th anniversary of our all-volunteer force and the 75th anniversaries of a desegregated military and women's integration, we are reminded that our Armed Forces are stronger and more capable than ever because of the diverse range of skillsets and experiences of our service members.

On Armed Forces Day, we also renew our sacred obligation to all those who serve: to prepare them when we send them into harm's way and care for them and their families while they are deployed and when they return home. That is exactly what my Administration is doing. I have signed more than 25 bipartisan bills, including the [Honoring our] PACT Act [of 2022, Pub. L. 117–168, see Tables for classification]—the most significant law in our Nation's history to help millions of veterans who were exposed to toxic fumes from burn pits or other toxic substances during their military service—to ensure our service members and veterans and their families, caregivers, and survivors get the support they deserve. We have also expanded access to mental health care for our service members and veterans—a critical step in reducing suicides, which continue to claim far too many lives of our military members. My Administration has also worked to fix the Public Service Loan Forgiveness program—a key step in meeting our commitment to service members and those who have chosen other professions in public service. To date, we have helped over 450,000 borrowers who work in public service, including service members, get nearly $31 billion in student loan forgiveness. And, through the First Lady's Joining Forces initiative, we are helping military spouses find good-paying jobs, ensuring military-connected children are supported in their classrooms, and aiding this community with resources to improve their health and well-being.

Our Nation also has an obligation to ensure that every service member—regardless of gender, gender identity, sexual orientation, race, or religious background—feels safe in the ranks and has their contributions fully valued. Within my first month in office, I was proud to rescind the ban on openly transgender people serving in the military because no patriot should be barred from serving their country for being their authentic self. My Administration worked with the Congress to reform how the military investigates and prosecutes sexual assault, sexual harassment, domestic violence, and other related crimes, including by shifting authority from commanders to independent prosecutors. Working with leaders across the Department of Defense, I will continue to ensure that a culture of decency and respect always prevails within our ranks—including speaking out and standing up against harassment, abuse, and hate in all its forms.

Throughout our history, America's Armed Forces have been sentinels of liberty and defenders of dignity. By keeping the flame of freedom burning bright, they have made our Nation stronger and the world safer. So today, let us all join together in honoring their courage, sacrifice, and service.

NOW, THEREFORE, I, JOSEPH R. BIDEN JR., President of the United States of America, and Commander in Chief of the Armed Forces of the United States, continuing the precedent of my predecessors in office, do hereby proclaim the third Saturday of each May as Armed Forces Day.

I direct the Secretary of Defense, on behalf of the Army, Navy, Air Force, Marine Corps, Space Force, and the Secretary of Homeland Security on behalf of the Coast Guard, to plan for appropriate observances each year, with the Secretary of Defense responsible for soliciting the participation and cooperation of civil authorities and private citizens. I invite the Governors of the States, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and other areas subject to the jurisdiction of the United States to provide for the observance of Armed Forces Day within their respective jurisdictions each year in an appropriate manner designed to increase public understanding and appreciation of the Armed Forces of the United States. I also invite veterans, civic leaders, and other organizations to join in the observance of Armed Forces Day each year.

Finally, I call upon all Americans to display the flag of the United States at their homes and businesses on Armed Forces Day, and I urge citizens to learn more about military service by attending and participating in the local observances of the day.

Proclamation 10400 of May 20, 2022, is hereby superseded.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have hereunto set my hand this nineteenth day of May, in the year of our Lord two thousand twenty-three, and of the Independence of the United States of America the two hundred and forty-seventh.

J.R. Biden, Jr.      

Prior similar proclamations were contained in the following:

Proc. No. 10400, May 20, 2022, 87 F.R. 31701, superseded by Proc. No. 10585, May 19, 2023, 88 F.R. 33529.

Proc. No. 10210, May 14, 2021, 86 F.R. 27017, superseded by Proc. No. 10400, May 20, 2022, 87 F.R. 31701.

Proc. No. 10034, May 15, 2020, 85 F.R. 30585, superseded by Proc. No. 10210, May 14, 2021, 86 F.R. 27017.

Proc. No. 9892, May 17, 2019, 84 F.R. 23701, superseded by Proc. No. 10034, May 15, 2020, 85 F.R. 30585.

Proc. No. 9753, May 18, 2018, 83 F.R. 24215, superseded by Proc. No. 9892, May 17, 2019, 84 F.R. 23701.

Proc. No. 9615, May 19, 2017, 82 F.R. 23995, superseded by Proc. No. 9753, May 18, 2018, 83 F.R. 24215.

Proc. No. 9452, May 20, 2016, 81 F.R. 33327, superseded by Proc. No. 9615, May 19, 2017, 82 F.R. 23995.

Proc. No. 9283, May 15, 2015, 80 F.R. 29199, superseded by Proc. No. 9452, May 20, 2016, 81 F.R. 33327.

Proc. No. 9129, May 16, 2014, 79 F.R. 29321, superseded by Proc. No. 9283, May 15, 2015, 80 F.R. 29199.

Proc. No. 8984, May 17, 2013, 78 F.R. 30731, superseded by Proc. No. 9129, May 16, 2014, 79 F.R. 29321.

Proc. No. 8823, May 18, 2012, 77 F.R. 30875, superseded by Proc. No. 8984, May 17, 2013, 78 F.R. 30731.

Proc. No. 8681, May 20, 2011, 76 F.R. 30497, superseded by Proc. No. 8823, May 18, 2012, 77 F.R. 30875.

Proc. No. 8522, May 14, 2010, 75 F.R. 28185, superseded by Proc. No. 8681, May 20, 2011, 76 F.R. 30497.

Proc. No. 8380, May 14, 2009, 74 F.R. 23603, superseded by Proc. No. 8522, May 14, 2010, 75 F.R. 28185.

Proc. No. 7562, May 16, 2002, 67 F.R. 35707, superseded by Proc. No. 8380, May 14, 2009, 74 F.R. 23603.

Proc. No. 6693, May 21, 1994, 59 F.R. 26923, superseded by Proc. No. 7562, May 16, 2002, 67 F.R. 35707.

Proc. No. 5983, May 17, 1989, 54 F.R. 21593, superseded by Proc. No. 6693, May 21, 1994, 59 F.R. 26923.

Proc. No. 4934, Apr. 16, 1982, 47 F.R. 16767, superseded by Proc. No. 5983, May 17, 1989, 54 F.R. 21593.

Proc. No. 4571, May 15, 1978, 43 F.R. 21313, superseded by Proc. No. 4934, Apr. 16, 1982, 47 F.R. 16767.

Proc. No. 4492, Mar. 22, 1977, 42 F.R. 15889, superseded by Proc. No. 4571, May 15, 1978, 43 F.R. 21313.

Proc. No. 4357, Mar. 25, 1975, 40 F.R. 13293, superseded by Proc. No. 4492, Mar. 22, 1977, 42 F.R. 15889.

Proc. No. 4276, Mar. 21, 1974, 39 F.R. 10877, superseded by Proc. No. 4357, Mar. 25, 1975, 40 F.R. 13293.

Proc. No. 3655, May 7, 1965, 30 F.R. 6467, superseded by Proc. No. 4276, Mar. 21, 1974, 39 F.R. 10877.

Proc. No. 3399, Mar. 22, 1961, 26 F.R. 2501, superseded by Proc. No. 3655, May 7, 1965, 30 F.R. 6467.

Proc. No. 3172, Mar. 6, 1957, 22 F.R. 1427, superseded by Proc. No. 3399, Mar. 22, 1961, 26 F.R. 2501.

Proc. No. 8455. National Farm-City Week

Proc. No. 8455, Nov. 20, 2009, 74 F.R. 61261, provided:

Our Nation's farm and ranch families supply many of the basic necessities of our daily life. They manage a large portion of our country's fertile land base, and they are caretakers of our valuable natural resources and diverse ecosystems. Their connections with urban and suburban communities are critical to our economy and to the nourishment of our people. During National Farm-City Week, we express gratitude for the contributions of our Nation's farmers and ranchers, and we rededicate ourselves to providing all Americans with access to healthy food, and thus, a healthy future.

Pioneered by Native Americans, agriculture was our Nation's first industry. For agriculture to thrive in the 21st century, we must continue to cultivate the relationships between farmers and rural businesses and their partners and customers in cities and towns. American farmers and ranchers are proud to grow the food, feed, fuel, and fiber that enhance our national security and prosperity, and remain steadfast stewards of the land they love. We must ensure that farming is maintained as an economically, socially, and environmentally sustainable way of life for future generations.

This Thanksgiving season, we celebrate farms of every size that produce fruits, vegetables, dairy, and livestock indispensable to the health of our families. We also recognize the vital ties between our urban and suburban communities and their local farmers through regional food systems, farmers markets, and community gardens. During National Farm-City Week, we celebrate the bounty of America, and we honor the commitment of those who grow, harvest, and deliver agricultural goods to feed our country and grow our economy.

NOW, THEREFORE, I, BARACK OBAMA, President of the United States of America, by virtue of the authority vested in me by the Constitution and the laws of the United States, do hereby proclaim the week ending on Thanksgiving Day of each year as National Farm-City Week. I call on Americans as they gather with their families and friends to reflect on the accomplishments of all who dedicate their lives to promoting our Nation's agricultural abundance and environmental stewardship.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have hereunto set my hand this twentieth day of November, in the year of our Lord two thousand nine, and of the Independence of the United States of America the two hundred and thirty-fourth.

Barack Obama.      

Proc. No. 8641. Cesar Chavez Day

Proc. No. 8641, Mar. 30, 2011, 76 F.R. 18629, provided:

Our Nation's story of progress is rich with profound struggle and great sacrifice, marked by the selfless acts and fearless leadership of remarkable Americans. A true champion for justice, Cesar Chavez advocated for and won many of the rights and benefits we now enjoy, and his spirit lives on in the hands and hearts of working women and men today. As we celebrate the anniversary of his birth, we honor Cesar Chavez's lasting victories for American workers and his noble methods in achieving them.

Raised in the fields of Arizona and California, Cesar Chavez faced hardship and injustice from a young age. At the time, farm workers toiled in the shadows of society, vulnerable to abuse and exploitation. Families like Chavez's were impoverished; exposed to hazardous working conditions and dangerous pesticides; and often denied clean drinking water, toilets, and other basic necessities.

Cesar Chavez saw the need for change and made a courageous choice to work to improve the lives of his fellow farm workers. Through boycotts and fasts, he led others on a path of nonviolence conceived in careful study of the teachings of St. Francis of Assisi and Mahatma Gandhi, and in the powerful example of Martin Luther King, Jr. He became a community organizer and began his lifelong advocacy to protect and empower people. With quiet leadership and a powerful voice, Cesar founded the United Farm Workers (UFW) with Dolores Huerta, launching one of our Nation's most inspiring social movements.

Cesar Chavez's legacy provides lessons from which all Americans can learn. One person can change the course of a nation and improve the lives of countless individuals. Cesar once said, "Non-violence is not inaction. . . . Non-violence is hard work. It is the willingness to sacrifice. It is the patience to win." From his inspiring accomplishments, we have learned that social justice takes action, selflessness, and commitment. As we face the challenges of our day, let us do so with the hope and determination of Cesar Chavez, echoing the words that were his rallying cry and that continue to inspire so many today, "Sí, se puede"—"Yes, we can."

NOW, THEREFORE, I, BARACK OBAMA, President of the United States of America, by virtue of the authority vested in me by the Constitution and the laws of the United States, do hereby proclaim March 31 of each year as Cesar Chavez Day. I call upon all Americans to observe this day with appropriate service, community, and educational programs to honor Cesar Chavez's enduring legacy.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have hereunto set my hand this thirtieth day of March, in the year of our Lord two thousand eleven, and of the Independence of the United States of America the two hundred and thirty-fifth.

Barack Obama.      

Proc. No. 8647. World Autism Awareness Day

Proc. No. 8647, Apr. 1, 2011, 76 F.R. 19265, provided:

With autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) affecting nearly one percent of children in the United States, autism is an urgent public health issue with a profound impact on millions of Americans. World Autism Awareness Day is an opportunity to recognize the contributions of individuals with ASDs and rededicate ourselves to the cause of understanding and responding to autism.

Men and women on the autism spectrum have thrived and excelled in communities across America and around the world. Yet, despite great progress in understanding ASDs, challenges remain for these individuals and their loved ones. For too long, the needs of people living with autism and their families have gone without adequate support and understanding. While we continue to encourage the development of resources for children on the autism spectrum and provide necessary resources for their families, we must also remember that young people with ASDs become adults with ASDs who deserve our support, our respect, and the opportunity to realize their highest aspirations.

As our understanding of the autism spectrum grows, my Administration remains dedicated to supporting children and adults impacted by autism. Led by the Department of Health and Human Services, we have expanded investments in autism research, public health tracking, early detection, and services—from early intervention for children to improved long-term services and support programs for adults. My Administration maintains a firm commitment to advance autism research and treatment, as well as promote education, employment, and equality for all individuals with autism, from early childhood through employment and community life. We will continue to work with the Congress, experts, and families to improve Federal and State programs that assist individuals with ASDs and their families and to bolster the impact and reach of community support and services. I encourage all Americans to visit www.HHS.gov/autism for more information and resources on ASDs.

With each breakthrough in research and each innovative treatment, we open endless possibilities for the many American families who have been touched by autism. As we mark World Autism Awareness Day, let us recommit to improving the lives of individuals and families impacted by ASDs and creating a world free from discrimination where all can achieve their fullest potential.

NOW, THEREFORE, I, BARACK OBAMA, President of the United States of America, by virtue of the authority vested in me by the Constitution and the laws of the United States, do hereby proclaim April 2 of each year as World Autism Awareness Day. I call upon the people of the United States to learn more about autism and what they can do to support individuals on the autism spectrum and their families.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have hereunto set my hand this first day of April, in the year of our Lord two thousand eleven, and of the Independence of the United States of America the two hundred and thirty-fifth.

Barack Obama.      

Executive Order No. 13072

Ex. Ord. No. 13072, Feb. 2, 1998, 63 F.R. 6041, provided for formation of the White House Millennium Council to lead the country in a celebration of the new millennium by initiating and recognizing national and local projects that contributed in educational, creative, and productive ways to America's commemoration of that historic time.

§101. American Heart Month

The President is requested to issue each year a proclamation—

(1) designating February as American Heart Month;

(2) inviting the chief executive officers of the States, territories, and possessions of the United States to issue proclamations designating February as American Heart Month; and

(3) urging the people of the United States to recognize the nationwide problem of heart and blood vessel diseases and to support all essential programs required to solve the problem.

(Pub. L. 105–225, Aug. 12, 1998, 112 Stat. 1254.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised

Section

Source (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
101 36:169b. Dec. 30, 1963, Pub. L. 88–254, 77 Stat. 843.

In clause (2), the words "chief executive officers" are substituted for "Governors", and the words "territories, and possessions" are substituted for "territories", for clarity and consistency in the revised title and with other titles of the United States Code.


Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Short Title of 2023 Amendment

Pub. L. 117–340, §1, Jan. 5, 2023, 136 Stat. 6175, provided that: "This Act [enacting sections 220514 and 220530A of this title, amending sections 220505 and 220524 of this title, and enacting provisions set out as notes under section 220505 of this title] may be cited as the 'Equal Pay for Team USA Act of 2022'."

Short Title of 2022 Amendment

Pub. L. 117–103, div. W, title XIII, §1310(a), Mar. 15, 2022, 136 Stat. 931, provided that: "This section [enacting section 146 of this title relating to Choose Respect Day and section 20131 of Title 34, Crime Control and Law Enforcement] may be cited as the 'Choose Respect Act'."

Short Title of 2020 Amendment

Pub. L. 116–282, §1, Dec. 31, 2020, 134 Stat. 3386, provided that: "This Act [amending provisions set out as a note preceding this section] may be cited as the 'United States Semiquincentennial Commission Amendments Act of 2020'."

Pub. L. 116–189, §1, Oct. 30, 2020, 134 Stat. 943, provided that: "This Act [enacting subchapter V of chapter 2205 and section 220513 of this title, amending sections 220501 to 220507, 220509, 220511, 220512, 220521 to 220524, 220527 to 220531, and 220541 to 220543 of this title, section 362 of Title 11, Bankruptcy, and section 20341 of Title 34, Crime Control and Law Enforcement, and enacting provisions set out as notes under sections 220501, 220507, and 220551 of this title] may be cited as the 'Empowering Olympic, Paralympic, and Amateur Athletes Act of 2020'."

Short Title of 2019 Amendment

Pub. L. 116–67, §1, Nov. 7, 2019, 133 Stat. 1128, provided that: "This Act [amending section 902 of this title] may be cited as the 'National POW/MIA Flag Act'."

Pub. L. 116–35, §1, July 30, 2019, 133 Stat. 1043, provided that: "This Act [enacting section 21704A of this title, amending section 21703 of this title, and enacting provisions set out as a note under section 21703 of this title] may be cited as the 'Let Everyone Get Involved in Opportunities for National Service Act' or the 'LEGION Act'."

Pub. L. 116–7, §1, Feb. 21, 2019, 133 Stat. 478, provided that: "This Act [amending sections 70901 to 70914 of this title] may be cited as the 'National FFA Organization's Federal Charter Amendments Act'."

Short Title of 2018 Amendment

Pub. L. 115–141, div. S, title III, §301, Mar. 23, 2018, 132 Stat. 1127, provided that: "This title [enacting subchapter III (§220531) of this title] may be cited as the 'Keep Young Athletes Safe Act of 2018'."

Pub. L. 115–126, §1(a), Feb. 14, 2018, 132 Stat. 318, provided that: "This Act [enacting subchapter III (§220541 et seq.) of chapter 2205 of this title and 220530 of this title and amending sections 220501, 220503, and 220525 of this title, sections 2255 and 2258 of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure, and section 20341 of Title 34, Crime Control and Law Enforcement] may be cited as the 'Protecting Young Victims from Sexual Abuse and Safe Sport Authorization Act of 2017'."

Short Title of 2016 Amendment

Pub. L. 114–240, §1, Oct. 7, 2016, 130 Stat. 974, provided that: "This Act [enacting section 145 of this title] may be cited as the 'Veterans Day Moment of Silence Act'."

Short Title of 2009 Amendment

Pub. L. 111–113, §1, Dec. 14, 2009, 123 Stat. 3026, provided that: "This Act [amending sections 190104 and 190109 of this title] may be cited as the 'Reserve Officers Association Modernization Act of 2009'."

Short Title of 2008 Amendment

Pub. L. 110–207, §1, Apr. 30, 2008, 122 Stat. 719, provided that: "This Act [amending section 140503 of this title] may be cited as the 'Purple Heart Family Equity Act of 2007'."

Short Title of 2007 Amendment

Pub. L. 110–26, §1, May 11, 2007, 121 Stat. 103, provided that: "This Act [enacting sections 300111 and 300112 of this title, amending sections 300101 to 300105, 300107, 300109, and 300110 of this title, renumbering former section 300111 of this title as section 300113 of this title, and enacting provisions set out as a note under section 300101 of this title] may be cited as the 'The American National Red Cross Governance Modernization Act of 2007'."

Short Title of 2005 Amendment

Pub. L. 109–9, title III, §311, Apr. 27, 2005, 119 Stat. 226, provided that: "This subtitle [subtitle B (§§311, 312) of title III of Pub. L. 109–9, amending sections 151703, 151705, 151706, and 151711 of this title] may be cited as the 'National Film Preservation Foundation Reauthorization Act of 2005'."

Short Title of 2002 Amendment

Pub. L. 107–323, §1, Dec. 4, 2002, 116 Stat. 2787, provided that: "This Act [amending section 902 of this title and enacting provisions set out as a note under section 902 of this title] may be cited as the 'POW/MIA Memorial Flag Act of 2002'."

Short Title of 1998 Amendment

Pub. L. 105–277, div. C, title I, §142(a), Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2681–603, provided that: "This section [enacting section 220512 of this title, amending sections 220501, 220503 to 220506, 220509 to 220511, 220521 to 220524, and 220528 of this title, and enacting provisions set out as a note under section 220501 of this title] may be cited as the 'Olympic and Amateur Sports Act Amendments of 1998'."

§102. Asian/Pacific American Heritage Month

(a) Designation.—May is Asian/Pacific American Heritage Month.

(b) Proclamations.—The President is requested to issue each year a proclamation calling on the people of the United States, and the chief executive officers of each State of the United States, the District of Columbia, the Virgin Islands, Puerto Rico, Guam, American Samoa, the Northern Mariana Islands, the Marshall Islands, Micronesia, and Palau are requested to issue each year proclamations calling on the people of their respective jurisdictions, to observe Asian/Pacific American Heritage Month with appropriate programs, ceremonies, and activities.

(Pub. L. 105–225, Aug. 12, 1998, 112 Stat. 1254.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised

Section

Source (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
102(a) 36:169k(a). Oct. 23, 1992, Pub. L. 102–450, §2, 106 Stat. 2251.
102(b) 36:169k(b)–(d).  

§103. Cancer Control Month

(a) General.—The President is requested—

(1) to issue each year a proclamation designating April as Cancer Control Month; and

(2) to invite each year the chief executive officers of the States, territories, and possessions of the United States to issue proclamations designating April as Cancer Control Month.


(b) Contents of Proclamations.—As part of those proclamations, the chief executive officers and President are requested to invite the medical profession, the press, and all agencies and individuals interested in a national program for the control of cancer by education and other cooperative means to unite during Cancer Control Month in a public dedication to the program and in a concerted effort to make the people of the United States aware of the need for the program.

(Pub. L. 105–225, Aug. 12, 1998, 112 Stat. 1255.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised

Section

Source (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
103 36:150. Mar. 28, 1938, ch. 56, 52 Stat. 148.

In subsection (a)(2), the words "chief executive officers" are substituted for "Governors" for clarity and consistency in the revised title and with other titles of the United States Code.

§104. Carl Garner Federal Lands Cleanup Day

(a) Designation.—The first Saturday after Labor Day is Carl Garner Federal Lands Cleanup Day.

(b) Proclamation.—The President shall issue a proclamation calling on the people of the United States to observe Carl Garner Federal Lands Cleanup Day with appropriate programs, ceremonies, and activities. However, activities may be undertaken in individual States on a day other than the first Saturday after Labor Day if a manager of Federal land decides that an alternative date is more appropriate because of climatological or other factors.

(Pub. L. 105–225, Aug. 12, 1998, 112 Stat. 1255.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised

Section

Source (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
104(a) 36:169i (1st sentence). Aug. 27, 1986, Pub. L. 99–402, §3, 100 Stat. 910; Nov. 12, 1996, Pub. L. 104–333, §806, 110 Stat. 4188.
104(b) 36:169i (last sentence).  

In subsection (b), the words "associated with Carl Garner Federal Lands Cleanup Day" are omitted as unnecessary.

§105. Child Health Day

The President is requested to issue each year a proclamation—

(1) designating the first Monday in October as Child Health Day; and

(2) inviting all agencies and organizations interested in child welfare to unite on Child Health Day in observing exercises that will make the people of the United States aware of the fundamental necessity of a year-round program to protect and develop the health of the children of the United States.

(Pub. L. 105–225, Aug. 12, 1998, 112 Stat. 1255.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised

Section

Source (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
105 36:143. May 18, 1928, ch. 643, 45 Stat. 617; Sept. 22, 1959, Pub. L. 86–352, 73 Stat. 627.

§106. Constitution Day and Citizenship Day

(a) Designation.—September 17 is designated as Constitution Day and Citizenship Day.

(b) Purpose.—Constitution Day and Citizenship Day commemorate the formation and signing on September 17, 1787, of the Constitution and recognize all who, by coming of age or by naturalization, have become citizens.

(c) Proclamation.—The President may issue each year a proclamation calling on United States Government officials to display the flag of the United States on all Government buildings on Constitution Day and Citizenship Day and inviting the people of the United States to observe Constitution Day and Citizenship Day, in schools and churches, or other suitable places, with appropriate ceremonies.

(d) State and Local Observances.—The civil and educational authorities of States, counties, cities, and towns are urged to make plans for the proper observance of Constitution Day and Citizenship Day and for the complete instruction of citizens in their responsibilities and opportunities as citizens of the United States and of the State and locality in which they reside.

(Pub. L. 105–225, Aug. 12, 1998, 112 Stat. 1255; Pub. L. 108–447, div. J, title I, §111(c)(1), Dec. 8, 2004, 118 Stat. 3344.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised

Section

Source (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
106(a) 36:153 (1st par. 1st–13th words). Feb. 29, 1952, ch. 49, §1, 66 Stat. 9.
106(b) 36:153 (1st par. 14th word–words before "and the President").  
106(c) 36:153 (1st par. words after "of citizenship").  
106(d) 36:153 (2d, last pars.).  

In subsection (d), the text of 36:153 (last par.) is omitted as obsolete.


Editorial Notes

Amendments

2004—Pub. L. 108–447, §111(c)(1)(A), inserted "Constitution Day and" before "Citizenship Day" in section catchline.

Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 108–447, §111(c)(1)(B), substituted "is designated as Constitution Day and Citizenship Day" for "is Citizenship Day".

Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 108–447, §111(c)(1)(C), inserted "Constitution Day and" before "Citizenship Day" and substituted "commemorate" for "commemorates" and "recognize" for "recognizes".

Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 108–447, §111(c)(1)(D), inserted "Constitution Day and" before "Citizenship Day" in two places.

Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 108–447, §111(c)(1)(E), inserted "Constitution Day and" before "Citizenship Day".


Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Educational and Training Materials for New Federal Employees Concerning the U.S. Constitution

Pub. L. 108–447, div. J, title I, §111, Dec. 8, 2004, 118 Stat. 3344, provided that:

"(a) The head of each Federal agency or department shall—

"(1) provide each new employee of the agency or department with educational and training materials concerning the United States Constitution as part of the orientation materials provided to the new employee; and

"(2) provide educational and training materials concerning the United States Constitution to each employee of the agency or department on September 17 of each year.

"(b) Each educational institution that receives Federal funds for a fiscal year shall hold an educational program on the United States Constitution on September 17 of such year for the students served by the educational institution.

"(c) [Amended section 106 of this title and table of contents of this chapter.]

"(d) This section shall be without fiscal year limitation."

§107. Columbus Day

The President is requested to issue each year a proclamation—

(1) designating the second Monday in October as Columbus Day;

(2) calling on United States Government officials to display the flag of the United States on all Government buildings on Columbus Day; and

(3) inviting the people of the United States to observe Columbus Day, in schools and churches, or other suitable places, with appropriate ceremonies that express the public sentiment befitting the anniversary of the discovery of America.

(Pub. L. 105–225, Aug. 12, 1998, 112 Stat. 1256.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised

Section

Source (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
107 36:146. Apr. 30, 1934, ch. 184, 48 Stat. 657.

In clause (1), the words "the 2d Monday in October" are substituted for "October 12" in the Act of April 30, 1934 (ch. 184, 48 Stat. 657), because of section 1(b) of the Act of June 28, 1968 (Public Law 90–363, 82 Stat. 250).

§108. Constitution Week

The President is requested to issue each year a proclamation—

(1) designating September 17 through September 23 as Constitution Week; and

(2) inviting the people of the United States to observe Constitution Week, in schools, churches, and other suitable places, with appropriate ceremonies and activities.

(Pub. L. 105–225, Aug. 12, 1998, 112 Stat. 1256.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised

Section

Source (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
108 36:159. Aug. 2, 1956, ch. 875, 70 Stat. 932.

§109. Father's Day

(a) Designation.—The third Sunday in June is Father's Day.

(b) Proclamation.—The President is requested to issue a proclamation—

(1) calling on United States Government officials to display the flag of the United States on all Government buildings on Father's Day;

(2) inviting State and local governments and the people of the United States to observe Father's Day with appropriate ceremonies; and

(3) urging the people of the United States to offer public and private expressions of Father's Day to the abiding love and gratitude they have for their fathers.

(Pub. L. 105–225, Aug. 12, 1998, 112 Stat. 1256.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised

Section

Source (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
109(a) 36:142a (1st sentence). Apr. 24, 1972, Pub. L. 92–278, 86 Stat. 124.
109(b) 36:142a (last sentence).  

In subsection (b)(1), the word "appropriate" is omitted as unnecessary.

In subsection (b)(2), the words "State and local governments" are substituted for "the governments of the States and communities" for consistency in the revised title and with other titles of the United States Code.

§110. Flag Day

(a) Designation.—June 14 is Flag Day.

(b) Proclamation.—The President is requested to issue each year a proclamation—

(1) calling on United States Government officials to display the flag of the United States on all Government buildings on Flag Day; and

(2) urging the people of the United States to observe Flag Day as the anniversary of the adoption on June 14, 1777, by the Continental Congress of the Stars and Stripes as the official flag of the United States.

(Pub. L. 105–225, Aug. 12, 1998, 112 Stat. 1256.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised

Section

Source (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
110(a) 36:157 (words before 1st comma). Aug. 3, 1949, ch. 385, 63 Stat. 492.
110(b) 36:157 (words after 1st comma).  

§111. Gold Star Mother's Day

(a) Designation.—The last Sunday in September is Gold Star Mother's Day.

(b) Proclamation.—The President is requested to issue a proclamation calling on United States Government officials to display the flag of the United States on all Government buildings, and the people of the United States to display the flag and hold appropriate meetings at homes, churches, or other suitable places, on Gold Star Mother's Day as a public expression of the love, sorrow, and reverence of the people for Gold Star Mothers.

(Pub. L. 105–225, Aug. 12, 1998, 112 Stat. 1256.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised

Section

Source (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
111(a) 36:148 (words before comma). June 23, 1936, ch. 736, 49 Stat. 1895.
111(b) 36:147.

36:148 (words after comma).

 

In subsection (b), the text of 36:148 (words after comma) is omitted as unnecessary. The words "Gold Star Mother's Day" are substituted for "the last Sunday in September" in 36:147 for clarity. The word "American" is omitted as unnecessary.

§112. Honor America Days

(a) Designation.—The 21 days from Flag Day through Independence Day is a period to honor America.

(b) Congressional Declaration.—Congress declares that there be public gatherings and activities during that period at which the people of the United States can celebrate and honor their country in an appropriate way.

(Pub. L. 105–225, Aug. 12, 1998, 112 Stat. 1257.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised

Section

Source (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
112(a) 36:157b (words before comma). June 13, 1975, Pub. L. 94–33, 89 Stat. 211.
112(b) 36:157b (words after comma).  

§113. Law Day, U.S.A.

(a) Designation.—May 1 is Law Day, U.S.A.

(b) Purpose.—Law Day, U.S.A., is a special day of celebration by the people of the United States—

(1) in appreciation of their liberties and the reaffirmation of their loyalty to the United States and of their rededication to the ideals of equality and justice under law in their relations with each other and with other countries; and

(2) for the cultivation of the respect for law that is so vital to the democratic way of life.


(c) Proclamation.—The President is requested to issue a proclamation—

(1) calling on all public officials to display the flag of the United States on all Government buildings on Law Day, U.S.A.; and

(2) inviting the people of the United States to observe Law Day, U.S.A., with appropriate ceremonies and in other appropriate ways, through public entities and private organizations and in schools and other suitable places.

(Pub. L. 105–225, Aug. 12, 1998, 112 Stat. 1257.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised

Section

Source (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
113(a) 36:164 (1st par. 1st sentence). Apr. 7, 1961, Pub. L. 87–20, 75 Stat. 43.
113(b) 36:164 (1st par. last sentence).  
113(c) 36:164 (last par.).  

In subsection (b)(1), the word "countries" is substituted for "nations" for consistency in the revised title and with other titles of the United States Code.

In subsection (c)(2), the word "entities" is substituted for "bodies" for consistency in the revised title and with other titles of the Code.

§114. Leif Erikson Day

The President may issue each year a proclamation designating October 9 as Leif Erikson Day.

(Pub. L. 105–225, Aug. 12, 1998, 112 Stat. 1257.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised

Section

Source (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
114 36:169c. Sept. 2, 1964, Pub. L. 88–566, 78 Stat. 849.

§115. Loyalty Day

(a) Designation.—May 1 is Loyalty Day.

(b) Purpose.—Loyalty Day is a special day for the reaffirmation of loyalty to the United States and for the recognition of the heritage of American freedom.

(c) Proclamation.—The President is requested to issue a proclamation—

(1) calling on United States Government officials to display the flag of the United States on all Government buildings on Loyalty Day; and

(2) inviting the people of the United States to observe Loyalty Day with appropriate ceremonies in schools and other suitable places.

(Pub. L. 105–225, Aug. 12, 1998, 112 Stat. 1257.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised

Section

Source (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
115(a) 36:162 (1st–13th words). July 18, 1958, Pub. L. 85–529, 72 Stat. 369.
115(b) 36:162 (14th word–semicolon).  
115(c) 36:162 (words after semicolon).  

§116. Memorial Day

(a) Designation.—The last Monday in May is Memorial Day.

(b) Proclamation.—The President is requested to issue each year a proclamation—

(1) calling on the people of the United States to observe Memorial Day by praying, according to their individual religious faith, for permanent peace;

(2) designating a period of time on Memorial Day during which the people may unite in prayer for a permanent peace;

(3) calling on the people of the United States to unite in prayer at that time; and

(4) calling on the media to join in observing Memorial Day and the period of prayer.

(Pub. L. 105–225, Aug. 12, 1998, 112 Stat. 1257.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised

Section

Source (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
116 36:169g. May 11, 1950, ch. 182, 64 Stat. 158.

In subsection (a), the designation is added, and the words "last Monday in May" are substituted for "May 30" in the Act of May 11, 1950 (ch. 182, 64 Stat. 158), because of section 1(b) of the Act of June 28, 1968 (Public Law 90–363, 82 Stat. 250).

In subsection (b)(4), the word "media" is substituted for "newspapers, radio stations, and all other mediums of information" to eliminate unnecessary words.


Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

National Moment of Remembrance

Pub. L. 106–579, Dec. 28, 2000, 114 Stat. 3078, as amended by Pub. L. 110–161, div. H, title I, §1502(e), Dec. 26, 2007, 121 Stat. 2250, provided that:

"SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

"This Act may be cited as the 'National Moment of Remembrance Act'.

"SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

"Congress finds that—

"(1) it is essential to remember and renew the legacy of Memorial Day, which was established in 1868 to pay tribute to individuals who have made the ultimate sacrifice in service to the United States and their families;

"(2) greater strides must be made to demonstrate appreciation for those loyal people of the United States whose values, represented by their sacrifices, are critical to the future of the United States;

"(3) the Federal Government has a responsibility to raise awareness of and respect for the national heritage, and to encourage citizens to dedicate themselves to the values and principles for which those heroes of the United States died;

"(4) the relevance of Memorial Day must be made more apparent to present and future generations of people of the United States through local and national observances and ongoing activities;

"(5) in House Concurrent Resolution 302, agreed to May 25, 2000, Congress called on the people of the United States, in a symbolic act of unity, to observe a National Moment of Remembrance to honor the men and women of the United States who died in the pursuit of freedom and peace;

"(6) in Presidential Proclamation No. 7315 of May 26, 2000 (65 Fed. Reg. 34907), the President proclaimed Memorial Day, May 29, 2000, as a day of prayer for permanent peace, and designated 3:00 p.m. local time on that day as the time to join in prayer and to observe the National Moment of Remembrance; and

"(7) a National Moment of Remembrance and other commemorative events are needed to reclaim Memorial Day as the sacred and noble event that that day is intended to be.

"SEC. 3. DEFINITIONS.

"In this Act:

"(1) Alliance.—The term 'Alliance' means the Remembrance Alliance established by section 9(a).

"(2) Commission.—The term 'Commission' means the White House Commission on the National Moment of Remembrance established by section 5(a).

"(3) Executive director and white house liaison.—The term 'Executive Director and White House Liaison' means the Executive Director and White House Liaison appointed under section 10(a)(1).

"(4) Memorial day.—The term 'Memorial Day' means the legal public holiday designated as Memorial Day by section 6103(a) of title 5, United States Code.

"(5) Tribal government.—The term 'tribal government' means the governing body of an Indian tribe (as defined in section 4 of the Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act (25 U.S.C. 450b) [now 25 U.S.C. 5304][)].

"SEC. 4. NATIONAL MOMENT OF REMEMBRANCE.

"The minute beginning at 3:00 p.m. (local time) on Memorial Day each year is designated as the 'National Moment of Remembrance'.

"SEC. 5. ESTABLISHMENT OF WHITE HOUSE COMMISSION ON THE NATIONAL MOMENT OF REMEMBRANCE.

"(a) Establishment.—There is established a commission to be known as the 'White House Commission on the National Moment of Remembrance'.

"(b) Membership.—

"(1) Composition.—The Commission shall be composed of the following:

"(A) 4 members appointed by the President, including at least 1 representative of tribal governments.

"(B) The Secretary of Defense (or a designee).

"(C) The Secretary of Veterans Affairs (or a designee).

"(D) The Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution (or a designee).

"(E) The Director of the Office of Personnel Management (or a designee).

"(F) The Administrator of General Services (or a designee).

"(G) The Secretary of Transportation (or a designee).

"(H) The Secretary of Education (or a designee).

"(I) The Secretary of the Interior (or a designee).

"(J) The Executive Director of the President's Commission on White House Fellows (or a designee).

"(K) The Secretary of the Army (or a designee).

"(L) The Secretary of the Navy (or a designee).

"(M) The Secretary of the Air Force (or a designee).

"(N) The Commandant of the Marine Corps (or a designee).

"(O) The Commandant of the Coast Guard (or a designee).

"(P) The Executive Director and White House Liaison (or a designee).

"(Q) The Chief of Staff of the Army.

"(R) The Chief of Naval Operations.

"(S) The Chief of Staff of the Air Force.

"(T) Any other member, the appointment of whom the Commission determines is necessary to carry out this Act.

"(2) Nonvoting members.—The members appointed to the Commission under subparagraphs (K) through (T) of paragraph (1) shall be nonvoting members.

"(3) Date of appointments.—All appointments under paragraph (1) shall be made not later than 90 days after the date of enactment of this Act [Dec. 28, 2000].

"(c) Term; Vacancies.—

"(1) Term.—A member shall be appointed to the Commission for the life of the Commission.

"(2) Vacancies.—A vacancy on the Commission—

"(A) shall not affect the powers of the Commission; and

"(B) shall be filled in the same manner as the original appointment was made.

"(d) Initial Meeting.—Not later than 30 days after the date specified in subsection (b)(3) for completion of appointments, the Commission shall hold the initial meeting of the Commission.

"(e) Meetings.—The Commission shall meet at the call of the Chairperson.

"(f) Quorum.—A majority of the voting members of the Commission shall constitute a quorum, but a lesser number of members may hold hearings.

"(g) Chairperson and Vice Chairperson.—The Commission shall select a Chairperson and a Vice Chairperson from among the members of the Commission at the initial meeting of the Commission.

"SEC. 6. DUTIES.

"(a) In General.—The Commission shall—

"(1) encourage the people of the United States to give something back to their country, which provides them so much freedom and opportunity;

"(2) encourage national, State, local, and tribal participation by individuals and entities in commemoration of Memorial Day and the National Moment of Remembrance, including participation by—

"(A) national humanitarian and patriotic organizations;

"(B) elementary, secondary, and higher education institutions;

"(C) veterans' societies and civic, patriotic, educational, sporting, artistic, cultural, and historical organizations;

"(D) Federal departments and agencies; and

"(E) museums, including cultural and historical museums; and

"(3) provide national coordination for commemorations in the United States of Memorial Day and the National Moment of Remembrance.

"(b) Reports.—

"(1) In general.—For each fiscal year in which the Commission is in existence, the Commission shall submit to the President and Congress a report describing the activities of the Commission during the fiscal year.

"(2) Contents.—A report under paragraph (1) may include—

"(A) recommendations regarding appropriate activities to commemorate Memorial Day and the National Moment of Remembrance, including—

"(i) the production, publication, and distribution of books, pamphlets, films, and other educational materials;

"(ii) bibliographical and documentary projects and publications;

"(iii) conferences, convocations, lectures, seminars, and other similar programs;

"(iv) the development of exhibits for libraries, museums, and other appropriate institutions;

"(v) ceremonies and celebrations commemorating specific events that relate to the history of wars of the United States; and

"(vi) competitions, commissions, and awards regarding historical, scholarly, artistic, literary, musical, and other works, programs, and projects related to commemoration of Memorial Day and the National Moment of Remembrance;

"(B) recommendations to appropriate agencies or advisory bodies regarding the issuance by the United States of commemorative coins, medals, and stamps relating to Memorial Day and the National Moment of Remembrance;

"(C) recommendations for any legislation or administrative action that the Commission determines to be appropriate regarding the commemoration of Memorial Day and the National Moment of Remembrance;

"(D) an accounting of funds received and expended by the Commission in the fiscal year covered by the report, including a detailed description of the source and amount of any funds donated to the Commission in that fiscal year; and

"(E) a description of cooperative agreements and contracts entered into by the Commission.

"SEC. 7. POWERS.

"(a) Hearings.—

"(1) In general.—The Commission may hold such hearings, sit and act at such times and places, take such testimony, and receive such evidence as the Commission considers advisable to carry out this Act.

"(2) Public participation.—The Commission shall provide for reasonable public participation in matters before the Commission.

"(b) Information From Federal Agencies.—

"(1) In general.—The Commission may secure directly from a Federal agency such information as the Commission considers necessary to carry out this Act.

"(2) Provision of information.—On request of the Chairperson of the Commission, the head of the agency shall provide the information to the Commission.

"(c) Postal Services.—The Commission may use the United States mails in the same manner and under the same conditions as other agencies of the Federal Government.

"(d) Gifts.—The Commission may solicit, accept, use, and dispose of, without further Act of appropriation, gifts, bequests, devises, and donations of services or property.

"(e) Powers of Members and Agents.—Any member or agent of the Commission may, if authorized by the Commission, take any action that the Commission is authorized to take under this Act.

"(f) Authority To Procure and To Make Legal Agreements.—

"(1) In general.—Subject to the availability of appropriations, to carry out this Act, the Chairperson or Vice Chairperson of the Commission or the Executive Director and White House Liaison may, on behalf of the Commission—

"(A) procure supplies, services, and property; and

"(B) enter into contracts, leases, and other legal agreements.

"(2) Restrictions.—

"(A) Who may act on behalf of commission.—Except as provided in paragraph (1), nothing in this Act authorizes a member of the Commission to procure any item or enter into any agreement described in that paragraph.

"(B) Duration of legal agreements.—A contract, lease, or other legal agreement entered into by the Commission may not extend beyond the date of termination of the Commission.

"(3) Supplies and property possessed by commission at termination.—Any supply, property, or other asset that is acquired by, and, on the date of termination of the Commission, remains in the possession of, the Commission shall be considered property of the General Services Administration.

"(g) Exclusive Right to Name, Logos, Emblems, Seals, and Marks.—

"(1) In general.—The Commission may devise any logo, emblem, seal, or other designating mark that the Commission determines—

"(A) to be required to carry out the duties of the Commission; or

"(B) to be appropriate for use in connection with the commemoration of Memorial Day or the National Moment of Remembrance.

"(2) Licensing.—

"(A) In general.—The Commission—

"(i) shall have the sole and exclusive right to use the name 'White House Commission on the National Moment of Remembrance' on any logo, emblem, seal, or descriptive or designating mark that the Commission lawfully adopts; and

"(ii) shall have the sole and exclusive right to allow or refuse the use by any other entity of the name 'White House Commission on the National Moment of Remembrance' on any logo, emblem, seal, or descriptive or designating mark.

"(B) Transfer on termination.—Unless otherwise provided by law, all rights of the Commission under subparagraph (A) shall be transferred to the Administrator of General Services on the date of termination of the Commission.

"(3) Effect on other rights.—Nothing in this subsection affects any right established or vested before the date of enactment of this Act [Dec. 28, 2000].

"(4) Use of funds.—The Commission may, without further Act of appropriation, use funds received from licensing royalties under this section to carry out this Act.

"SEC. 8. COMMISSION PERSONNEL MATTERS.

"(a) Compensation of Members.—

"(1) Non-federal employees.—A member of the Commission who is not an officer or employee of the Federal Government may be compensated at a rate equal to the daily equivalent of the annual rate of basic pay prescribed for level IV of the Executive Schedule under section 5315 of title 5, United States Code, for each day (including travel time) during which the member is engaged in the performance of the duties of the Commission.

"(2) Federal employees.—A member of the Commission who is an officer or employee of the Federal Government shall serve without compensation in addition to the compensation received for the services of the member as an officer or employee of the Federal Government.

"(b) Travel Expenses.—A member of the Commission may be allowed travel expenses, including per diem in lieu of subsistence, at rates authorized for an employee of an agency under subchapter I of chapter 57 of title 5, United States Code, while away from the home or regular place of business of the member in the performance of the duties of the Commission.

"(c) Staff.—

"(1) In general.—The Chairperson of the Commission or the Executive Director and White House Liaison may, without regard to the civil service laws (including regulations), appoint and terminate such additional personnel as are necessary to enable the Commission to perform the duties of the Commission.

"(2) Compensation.—

"(A) In general.—Except as provided in subparagraph (B), the Chairperson of the Commission may fix the compensation of the Executive Director and White House Liaison and other personnel without regard to the provisions of chapter 51 and subchapter III of chapter 53 of title 5, United States Code, relating to classification of positions and General Schedule pay rates.

"(B) Maximum rate of pay.—The rate of pay for the Executive Director and White House Liaison and other personnel shall not exceed the rate equal to the daily equivalent of the annual rate of basic pay prescribed for level IV of the Executive Schedule under section 5315 of title 5, United States Code, for each day (including travel time) during which the member is engaged in the performance of the duties of the Commission.

"(d) Detail of Federal Government Employees.—

"(1) In general.—In addition to the details under paragraph (2), on request of the Chairperson, the Vice Chairperson, or the Executive Director and White House Liaison, an employee of the Federal Government may be detailed to the Commission without reimbursement.

"(2) Detail of specific employees.—

"(A) Military details.—

"(i) Army; air force.—The Secretary of the Army and the Secretary of the Air Force shall each detail a commissioned officer above the grade of captain to assist the Commission in carrying out this Act.

"(ii) Navy.—The Secretary of the Navy shall detail a commissioned officer of the Navy above the grade of lieutenant and a commissioned officer of the Marine Corps above the grade of captain to assist the Commission in carrying out this Act.

"(B) Veterans affairs; education.—The Secretary of Veterans Affairs and the Secretary of Education shall each detail an officer or employee compensated above the level of GS–12 in accordance with subchapter III of chapter 53 of title 5, United States Code to assist the Commission in carrying out this Act.

"(3) Civil service status.—The detail of any officer or employee under this subsection shall be without interruption or loss of civil service status or privilege.

"(e) Procurement of Temporary and Intermittent Services.—The Chairperson of the Commission may procure temporary and intermittent services in accordance with section 3109(b) of title 5, United States Code, at rates for individuals that do not exceed the daily equivalent of the annual rate of basic pay prescribed for level V of the Executive Schedule under section 5316 of that title.

"(f) Cooperative Agreements.—

"(1) In general.—The Commission may enter into a cooperative agreement with another entity, including any Federal agency, State or local government, or private entity, under which the entity may assist the Commission in—

"(A) carrying out the duties of the Commission under this Act; and

"(B) contributing to public awareness of and interest in Memorial Day and the National Moment of Remembrance.

"(2) Administrative support services.—On the request of the Commission, the Administrator of General Services shall provide to the Commission, on a reimbursable basis, any administrative support services and any property, equipment, or office space that the Commission determines to be necessary to carry out this Act.

"(g) Support From Nonprofit Sector.—The Commission may accept program support from nonprofit organizations.

"SEC. 9. REMEMBRANCE ALLIANCE.

"(a) Establishment.—There is established the Remembrance Alliance.

"(b) Composition.—

"(1) Members.—The Alliance shall be composed of individuals, appointed by the Commission, that are representatives or members of—

"(A) the print, broadcast, or other media industry;

"(B) the national sports community;

"(C) the recreation industry;

"(D) the entertainment industry;

"(E) the retail industry;

"(F) the food industry;

"(G) the health care industry;

"(H) the transportation industry;

"(I) the education community;

"(J) national veterans organizations; and

"(K) families that have lost loved ones in combat.

"(2) Honorary members.—On recommendation of the Alliance, the Commission may appoint honorary, nonvoting members to the Alliance.

"(3) Vacancies.—Any vacancy in the membership of the Alliance shall be filled in the same manner in which the original appointment was made.

"(4) Meetings.—The Alliance shall conduct meetings in accordance with procedures approved by the Commission.

"(c) Term.—The Commission may fix the term of appointment for members of the Alliance.

"(d) Duties.—The Alliance shall assist the Commission in carrying out this Act by—

"(1) planning, organizing, and implementing an annual White House Conference on the National Moment of Remembrance and other similar events;

"(2) promoting the observance of Memorial Day and the National Moment of Remembrance through appropriate means, subject to any guidelines developed by the Commission;

"(3) establishing necessary incentives for Federal, State, and local governments and private sector entities to sponsor and participate in programs initiated by the Commission or the Alliance;

"(4) evaluating the effectiveness of efforts by the Commission and the Alliance in carrying out this Act; and

"(5) carrying out such other duties as are assigned by the Commission.

"(e) Alliance Personnel Matters.—

"(1) Compensation of members.—A member of the Alliance shall serve without compensation for the services of the member to the Alliance.

"(2) Travel expenses.—A member of the Alliance may be allowed reimbursement for travel expenses, including per diem in lieu of subsistence, at rates authorized for an employee of an agency under subchapter I of chapter 57 of title 5, United States Code, while away from the home or regular place of business of the member in the performance of the duties of the Commission.

"(f) Termination.—The Alliance shall terminate on the date of termination of the Commission.

"SEC. 10. EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR AND WHITE HOUSE LIAISON.

"(a) Appointment.—

"(1) In general.—The Director of the Committee Management Secretariat Staff of the General Services Administration shall appoint an individual as Executive Director and White House Liaison.

"(2) Inapplicability of certain civil service laws.—The Executive Director and White House Liaison may be appointed without regard to the provisions of title 5, United States Code, governing appointments in the competitive service.

"(b) Duties.—The Executive Director and White House Liaison shall—

"(1) serve as a liaison between the Commission and the President;

"(2) serve as chief of staff of the Commission; and

"(3) coordinate the efforts of the Commission and the President on all matters relating to this Act, including matters relating to the National Moment of Remembrance.

"(c) Compensation.—The Executive Director and White House Liaison may be compensated at a rate equal to the daily equivalent of the annual rate of basic pay prescribed for level IV of the Executive Schedule under section 5315 of title 5, United States Code, for each day (including travel time) during which the Executive Director and White House Liaison is engaged in the performance of the duties of the Commission.

"[SEC. 11. Repealed. Pub. L. 110–161, div. H, title I, §1502(e), Dec. 26, 2007, 121 Stat. 2250.]

"SEC. 12. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

"There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this Act, to remain available until expended—

"(1) $500,000 for fiscal year 2001; and

"(2) $250,000 for each of fiscal years 2002 through 2009.

"SEC. 13. TERMINATION.

"The Commission shall terminate on the earlier of—

"(1) a date specified by the President that is at least 2 years after the date of enactment of this Act [Dec. 28, 2000]; or

"(2) the date that is 10 years after the date of enactment of this Act."

[For transfer of authorities, functions, personnel, and assets of the Coast Guard, including the authorities and functions of the Secretary of Transportation relating thereto, to the Department of Homeland Security, and for treatment of related references, see sections 468(b), 551(d), 552(d), and 557 of Title 6, Domestic Security, and the Department of Homeland Security Reorganization Plan of November 25, 2002, as modified, set out as a note under section 542 of Title 6.]

§117. Mother's Day

(a) Designation.—The second Sunday in May is Mother's Day.

(b) Proclamation.—The President is requested to issue a proclamation calling on United States Government officials to display the flag of the United States on all Government buildings, and on the people of the United States to display the flag at their homes or other suitable places, on Mother's Day as a public expression of love and reverence for the mothers of the United States.

(Pub. L. 105–225, Aug. 12, 1998, 112 Stat. 1258.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised

Section

Source (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
117(a) 36:142 (words before comma). May 8, 1914, Pub. R. 25, 38 Stat. 770.
117(b) 36:141.

36:142 (words after comma).

In subsection (b), the text of 36:142 (words after comma) is omitted as unnecessary.

§118. National Aviation Day

The President may issue each year a proclamation—

(1) designating August 19 as National Aviation Day;

(2) calling on United States Government officials to display the flag of the United States on all Government buildings on National Aviation Day; and

(3) inviting the people of the United States to observe National Aviation Day with appropriate exercises to further stimulate interest in aviation in the United States.

(Pub. L. 105–225, Aug. 12, 1998, 112 Stat. 1258.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised

Section

Source (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
118 36:151. May 11, 1939, ch. 123, 53 Stat. 739.

§119. National Day of Prayer

The President shall issue each year a proclamation designating the first Thursday in May as a National Day of Prayer on which the people of the United States may turn to God in prayer and meditation at churches, in groups, and as individuals.

(Pub. L. 105–225, Aug. 12, 1998, 112 Stat. 1258.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised

Section

Source (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
119 36:169h. Apr. 17, 1952, ch. 216, 66 Stat. 64; May 5, 1988, Pub. L. 100–307, 102 Stat. 456.

§120. National Defense Transportation Day

The President is requested to issue each year a proclamation—

(1) designating the third Friday in May as National Defense Transportation Day; and

(2) urging the people of the United States, including labor, management, users, and investors, in all communities served by the various forms of transportation to observe National Defense Transportation Day by appropriate ceremonies that will give complete recognition to the importance to each community and its people of the transportation system of the United States and the maintenance of the facilities of the system in the most modern state of adequacy to serve the needs of the United States in times of peace and in national defense.

(Pub. L. 105–225, Aug. 12, 1998, 112 Stat. 1258.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised

Section

Source (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
120 36:160. May 16, 1957, Pub. L. 85–32, 71 Stat. 30.

In clause (2), the words "any of", "by land, by sea, and by air", and "and every" are omitted as unnecessary.

§121. National Disability Employment Awareness Month

(a) Designation.—October is National Disability Employment Awareness Month.

(b) Ceremonies.—Appropriate ceremonies shall be held throughout the United States during National Disability Employment Awareness Month to enlist public support for, and interest in, the employment of workers with disabilities who are otherwise qualified. Governors, mayors, heads of other governmental entities, and interested organizations and individuals are invited to participate in the ceremonies.

(c) Proclamation.—The President is requested to issue each year a suitable proclamation.

(Pub. L. 105–225, Aug. 12, 1998, 112 Stat. 1258.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised

Section

Source (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
121(a) 36:155 (1st par. 1st sentence). Aug. 11, 1945, ch. 363, 59 Stat. 530; Oct. 8, 1970, Pub. L. 91–442, 84 Stat. 914; Nov. 7, 1988, Pub. L. 100–630, title III, §301(a), 102 Stat. 3315.
121(b) 36:155 (1st par. last sentence).

36:155 (last par. words after 1st comma).

121(c) 36:155 (last par. words before 1st comma).  

In subsection (b), the words "of States" and "of cities" are omitted as unnecessary. The words "governmental entities" are substituted for "instrumentalities of government" for consistency in the revised title and with other titles of the United States Code. The words "as well as leaders of industry, educational and religious groups, labor, veterans, women, farm, scientific and professional, and all other" are omitted as unnecessary.

§122. National Flag Week

The President is requested to issue each year a proclamation—

(1) designating the week in which June 14 falls as National Flag Week; and

(2) calling on citizens to display the flag of the United States during National Flag Week.

(Pub. L. 105–225, Aug. 12, 1998, 112 Stat. 1259.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised

Section

Source (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
122 36:157a. June 9, 1966, Pub. L. 89–443, 80 Stat. 194.

§123. National Forest Products Week

(a) Designation.—The week beginning on the third Sunday in October is National Forest Products Week.

(b) Proclamation.—The President is requested to issue each year a proclamation calling on the people of the United States to observe National Forest Products Week with appropriate ceremonies and activities.

(Pub. L. 105–225, Aug. 12, 1998, 112 Stat. 1259.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised

Section

Source (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
123(a) 36:163 (words before comma). Sept. 13, 1960, Pub. L. 86–753, 74 Stat. 898.
123(b) 36:163 (words after comma).  

Executive Documents

Proc. No. 8442. National Forest Products Week

Proc. No. 8442, Oct. 23, 2009, 74 F.R. 55437, provided:

America's forests have helped spur the growth and development that has been indispensable to our Nation's success. They have provided timber and water, as well as habitat for wildlife and opportunities for recreational activities. As a repository for renewable natural resources, forests have supplied the raw materials that have sustained us throughout our history. During National Forest Products Week, we recognize the value of our woodlands and commit ourselves to good stewardship and conservation practices that help us to responsibly manage our Nation's forests.

As a renewable and recyclable resource, wood is one of our Nation's most environmentally friendly building materials. Wood fiber is used throughout our daily lives, from the paper we write on to the offices where we work. We value the beauty of wood in our furniture, in our homes, and in artwork that surrounds us. Today, modern technology and stewardship practices by Federal, State, tribal, and private landowners have improved the way we manage our natural resources so that forests can meet the needs of current and future generations.

Forests are one of the foundations on which our Nation was formed; they are the backbone of our environment. This week, we recognize the value of forest products and the importance of their sustainable use to our lives.

To recognize the importance of products from our forests, the Congress, by Public Law 86–753 (36 U.S.C. 123), as amended, has designated the week beginning on the third Sunday in October of each year as National Forest Products Week and has authorized and requested the President to issue a proclamation in observance of this week.

NOW, THEREFORE, I, BARACK OBAMA, President of the United States of America, do hereby proclaim the week beginning on the third Sunday in October of each year as National Forest Products Week. I call on all Americans to celebrate the varied uses and products of our forested lands, as well as the people who carry on the tradition of careful stewardship of these precious natural resources for generations to come.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have hereunto set my hand this twenty-third day of October, in the year of our Lord two thousand nine, and of the Independence of the United States of America the two hundred and thirty-fourth.

Barack Obama.      

§124. National Freedom Day

The President may issue each year a proclamation designating February 1 as National Freedom Day to commemorate the signing by Abraham Lincoln on February 1, 1865, of the joint resolution adopted by the Senate and the House of Representatives that proposed the 13th amendment to the Constitution.

(Pub. L. 105–225, Aug. 12, 1998, 112 Stat. 1259.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised

Section

Source (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
124 36:156. June 30, 1948, ch. 755, 62 Stat. 1150.

§125. National Grandparents Day

The President is requested to issue each year a proclamation—

(1) designating the first Sunday in September after Labor Day as National Grandparents Day; and

(2) calling on the people of the United States and interested groups and organizations to observe National Grandparents Day with appropriate ceremonies and activities.

(Pub. L. 105–225, Aug. 12, 1998, 112 Stat. 1259.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised

Section

Source (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
125 36:142b. Sept. 6, 1979, Pub. L. 96–62, 93 Stat. 410.

§126. National Hispanic Heritage Month

The President is requested to issue each year a proclamation—

(1) designating September 15 through October 15 as National Hispanic Heritage Month; and

(2) calling on the people of the United States, especially the educational community, to observe National Hispanic Heritage Month with appropriate ceremonies and activities.

(Pub. L. 105–225, Aug. 12, 1998, 112 Stat. 1259.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised

Section

Source (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
126 36:169f. Sept. 17, 1968, Pub. L. 90–498, 82 Stat. 848; Aug. 17, 1988, Pub. L. 100–402, §1, 102 Stat. 1012.

§127. National Korean War Veterans Armistice Day

(a) Designation.—July 27 of each year until 2003 is National Korean War Veterans Armistice Day.

(b) Proclamation.—The President is requested to issue each year a proclamation calling on—

(1) the people of the United States to observe National Korean War Veterans Armistice Day with appropriate ceremonies and activities; and

(2) all departments, agencies, and instrumentalities of the United States Government, and interested organizations, groups, and individuals, to fly the flag of the United States at halfstaff on July 27 of each year until 2003 in honor of the individuals who died as a result of their service in Korea.

(Pub. L. 105–225, Aug. 12, 1998, 112 Stat. 1259.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised

Section

Source (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
127(a) 36:169m (words before "and the President"). July 27, 1995, Pub. L. 104–19, title II, §2005, 109 Stat. 247.
127(b) 36:169m (words after "Armistice Day' ").  

In subsection (b)(2), the words "departments, agencies, and instrumentalities" are substituted for "departments and agencies of the United States" for consistency in the revised title and with other titles of the United States Code.

§128. National Maritime Day

(a) Designation.—May 22 is National Maritime Day.

(b) Proclamation.—The President is requested to issue each year a proclamation calling on—

(1) the people of the United States to observe National Maritime Day by displaying the flag of the United States at their homes or other suitable places; and

(2) United States Government officials to display the flag on all Government buildings on National Maritime Day.

(Pub. L. 105–225, Aug. 12, 1998, 112 Stat. 1260.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised

Section

Source (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
128(a) 36:145 (words before comma). May 20, 1933, ch. 36, 48 Stat. 73.
128(b) 36:145 (words after comma).  

§129. National Pearl Harbor Remembrance Day

(a) Designation.—December 7 is National Pearl Harbor Remembrance Day.

(b) Proclamation.—The President is requested to issue each year a proclamation calling on—

(1) the people of the United States to observe National Pearl Harbor Remembrance Day with appropriate ceremonies and activities; and

(2) all departments, agencies, and instrumentalities of the United States Government, and interested organizations, groups, and individuals, to fly the flag of the United States at halfstaff each December 7 in honor of the individuals who died as a result of their service at Pearl Harbor.

(Pub. L. 105–225, Aug. 12, 1998, 112 Stat. 1260.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised

Section

Source (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
129(a) 36:169l (words before "and the President"). Aug. 23, 1994, Pub. L. 103–308, 108 Stat. 1669.
129(b) 36:169l (words after "Remembrance Day' ").  

In subsection (b)(2), the words "departments, agencies, and instrumentalities of the United States Government" are substituted for "Federal agencies" for consistency in the revised title and with other titles of the United States Code.

§130. National Poison Prevention Week

The President is requested to issue each year a proclamation designating the third week in March as National Poison Prevention Week to aid in encouraging the people of the United States to learn of the dangers of accidental poisoning and to take preventive measures that are warranted by the seriousness of the danger.

(Pub. L. 105–225, Aug. 12, 1998, 112 Stat. 1260.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised

Section

Source (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
130 36:165. Sept. 26, 1961, Pub. L. 87–319, 75 Stat. 681.

Executive Documents

Proc. No. 8484. National Poison Prevention Week

Proc. No. 8484, Mar. 15, 2010, 75 F.R. 13215, provided:

Since 1962, during National Poison Prevention Week we alert American families about the dangers of accidental poisonings and provide information on safety measures that can prevent senseless injuries and deaths. With nearly two million poison exposures reported each year, we must take every precaution to guard against these preventable tragedies.

Sadly, more than half of all reported poisonings involve children under the age of six, and the vast majority take place in the home. Parents should keep household chemicals and medicines in child-proof containers, beyond the reach of their children. Thanks to safety regulations and awareness campaigns like National Poison Prevention Week, childhood death rates from unintentional poisonings have fallen considerably. However, adult death rates have steadily risen in recent years.

We must each remember to read labels thoroughly before taking medications, to keep medicines in their original packaging, and to dispose of them properly. Consulting a physician before combining prescription drugs or using them with alcohol also reduces our risks.

In the event of an accidental poisoning, crucial information and immediate action can save lives. Individuals can call the toll-free national poison control hotline at 1–800–222–1222 to be connected to one of dozens of local poison control centers, which are open 24 hours every day. These centers provide emergency assistance, offer guidance on poison prevention, and answer questions concerning potential exposure.

To encourage Americans to learn more about the dangers of accidental poisonings and to take appropriate preventive measures, the Congress, by joint resolution approved September 26, 1961, as amended (75 Stat. 681), has authorized and requested the President to issue a proclamation designating the third week of March each year as "National Poison Prevention Week."

NOW, THEREFORE, I, BARACK OBAMA, President of the United States of America, do hereby proclaim the third week of March of each year as National Poison Prevention Week. I call upon all Americans to observe this week by taking actions to protect their families from hazardous household materials and from the misuse of prescription medications.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have hereunto set my hand this fifteenth day of March, in the year of our Lord two thousand ten, and of the Independence of the United States of America the two hundred and thirty-fourth.

Barack Obama.      

§131. National Safe Boating Week

The President is requested to issue each year a proclamation designating the 7-day period ending on the last Friday before Memorial Day as National Safe Boating Week.

(Pub. L. 105–225, Aug. 12, 1998, 112 Stat. 1260.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised

Section

Source (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
131 36:161. June 4, 1958, Pub. L. 85–445, 72 Stat. 179; Oct. 3, 1980, Pub. L. 96–376, §9, 94 Stat. 1510; Dec. 20, 1993, Pub. L. 103–236, title III, §318(a), 107 Stat. 2427.

§132. National School Lunch Week

(a) Designation.—The week beginning on the second Sunday in October is National School Lunch Week.

(b) Proclamation.—The President is requested to issue each year a proclamation calling on the people of the United States to observe National School Lunch Week with appropriate ceremonies and activities.

(Pub. L. 105–225, Aug. 12, 1998, 112 Stat. 1260.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised

Section

Source (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
132(a) 36:168 (words before comma). Oct. 9, 1962, Pub. L. 87–780, 76 Stat. 779.
132(b) 36:168 (words after comma).  

§133. National Transportation Week

The President is requested to issue each year a proclamation—

(1) designating the week that includes the third Friday of May as National Transportation Week; and

(2) inviting the people of the United States to observe National Transportation Week with appropriate ceremonies and activities as a tribute to the men and women who, night and day, move goods and individuals throughout the United States.

(Pub. L. 105–225, Aug. 12, 1998, 112 Stat. 1260.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised

Section

Source (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
133 36:166. May 14, 1962, Pub. L. 87–449, 76 Stat. 69.

§134. Pan American Aviation Day

The President may issue each year a proclamation—

(1) designating December 17 as Pan American Aviation Day; and

(2) calling on all officials of the United States Government, the chief executive offices of the States, territories, and possessions of the United States, and all citizens to participate in the observance of Pan American Aviation Day to further, and stimulate interest in, aviation in the American countries as an important stimulus to the further development of more rapid communications and a cultural development between the countries of the Western Hemisphere.

(Pub. L. 105–225, Aug. 12, 1998, 112 Stat. 1261.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised

Section

Source (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
134 36:151a. Oct. 10, 1940, ch. 840, 54 Stat. 1093.

In clause (2), the words "chief executive officers of the States, territories, and possessions of the United States" are substituted for "Governors of the fifty States, our possessions", and the word "countries" is substituted for "nations", for consistency in the revised title and with other titles of the United States Code.

§135. Parents' Day

(a) Designation.—The fourth Sunday in July is Parents' Day.

(b) Recognition.—All private citizens, organizations, and Federal, State, and local governmental and legislative entities are encouraged to recognize Parents' Day through proclamations, activities, and educational efforts in furtherance of recognizing, uplifting, and supporting the role of parents in bringing up their children.

(Pub. L. 105–225, Aug. 12, 1998, 112 Stat. 1261.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised

Section

Source (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
135(a) 36:142c. Oct. 14, 1994, Pub. L. 103–362, 108 Stat. 3465.
135(b) 36:142c–1.  

In subsection (b), the word "entities" is substituted for "bodies" for consistency in the revised title and with other titles of the United States Code.

§136. Peace Officers Memorial Day

The President is requested to issue each year a proclamation—

(1) designating May 15 as Peace Officers Memorial Day in honor of Federal, State, and local officers killed or disabled in the line of duty;

(2) directing United States Government officials to display the flag of the United States at halfstaff on all Government buildings on Peace Officers Memorial Day, as provided by section 7(m) of title 4, United States Code; and

(3) inviting State and local governments and the people of the United States to observe Peace Officers Memorial Day with appropriate ceremonies and activities, including the display of the flag at halfstaff.

(Pub. L. 105–225, Aug. 12, 1998, 112 Stat. 1261.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised

Section

Source (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
136 36:167(1), (2), (4) (related to Peace Officers Memorial Day). Oct. 1, 1962, Pub. L. 87–726, cls. (1), (2), (4) (related to Peace Officers Memorial Day), 76 Stat. 676; Sept. 13, 1994, Pub. L. 103–322, title XXXII, §320922(a)(2)–(4), 108 Stat. 2131.

In clause (2), the reference to section 7(m) of title 4 is substituted for the reference to section 175(m) of title 36 because the latter provision is being restated in title 4. See section 2 of the bill.

§137. Police Week

The President is requested to issue each year a proclamation—

(1) designating the week in which May 15 occurs as Police Week in recognition of the service given by men and women who stand guard to protect the people of the United States through law enforcement; and

(2) inviting State and local governments and the people of the United States to observe Police Week with appropriate ceremonies and activities, including the display of the flag at halfstaff.

(Pub. L. 105–225, Aug. 12, 1998, 112 Stat. 1261.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised

Section

Source (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
137 36:167(3), (4) (related to Police Week). Oct. 1, 1962, Pub. L. 87–726, cls. (3), (4) (related to Police Week), 76 Stat. 676; Sept. 13, 1994, Pub. L. 103–322, title XXXII, §320922(a)(1), (3), (4), 108 Stat. 2131.

In clause (1), the words "night and day" and "in our midst" are omitted as unnecessary.

§138. Save Your Vision Week

The President is requested to issue each year a proclamation—

(1) designating the first week in March as Save Your Vision Week;

(2) inviting the governors and mayors of State and local governments to issue proclamations designating the first week in March as Save Your Vision Week;

(3) inviting the communications media, health care professions, and other agencies and individuals concerned with programs for the improvement of vision to unite during Save Your Vision Week in public activities to convince the people of the United States of the importance of vision to their welfare and the welfare of the United States; and

(4) urging the media, health care professions, and other agencies and individuals to support programs to improve and protect the vision of the people of the United States.

(Pub. L. 105–225, Aug. 12, 1998, 112 Stat. 1261.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised

Section

Source (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
138 36:169a. Dec. 30, 1963, Pub. L. 88–242, 77 Stat. 629.

In clause (3), the words "consider including in such proclamation" and "press, radio, television, and other" are omitted as unnecessary.

§139. Steelmark Month

(a) Designation.—May is Steelmark Month.

(b) Purpose.—Steelmark Month recognizes the tremendous contribution made by the steel industry in the United States to national security and defense.

(c) Proclamation.—The President is requested to issue a proclamation calling on the people of the United States to observe Steelmark Month with appropriate ceremonies and activities.

(Pub. L. 105–225, Aug. 12, 1998, 112 Stat. 1262.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised

Section

Source (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
139(a) 36:169e (1st sentence 1st–13th words). Nov. 2, 1966, Pub. L. 89–703, 80 Stat. 1099.
139(b) 36:169e (1st sentence 14th–last words).  
139(c) 36:169e (last sentence).  

In subsection (c), the word "activities" is substituted for "proceedings" for consistency in this chapter.

§140. Stephen Foster Memorial Day

The President may issue each year a proclamation—

(1) designating January 13 as Stephen Foster Memorial Day; and

(2) calling on the people of the United States to observe Stephen Foster Memorial Day with appropriate ceremonies, pilgrimages to his shrines, and musical programs featuring his compositions.

(Pub. L. 105–225, Aug. 12, 1998, 112 Stat. 1262.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised

Section

Source (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
140 36:158. Oct. 27, 1951, ch. 593, 65 Stat. 659.

§141. Thomas Jefferson's birthday

The President shall issue each year a proclamation—

(1) calling on officials of the United States Government to display the flag of the United States on all Government buildings on April 13; and

(2) inviting the people of the United States to observe April 13 in schools and churches, or other suitable places, with appropriate ceremonies in commemoration of Thomas Jefferson's birthday.

(Pub. L. 105–225, Aug. 12, 1998, 112 Stat. 1262.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised

Section

Source (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
141 36:149. Aug. 16, 1937, ch. 666, 50 Stat. 668.

§142. White Cane Safety Day

The President may issue each year a proclamation—

(1) designating October 15 as White Cane Safety Day; and

(2) calling on the people of the United States to observe White Cane Safety Day with appropriate ceremonies and activities.

(Pub. L. 105–225, Aug. 12, 1998, 112 Stat. 1262.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised

Section

Source (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
142 36:169d. Oct. 6, 1964, Pub. L. 88–628, 78 Stat. 1003.

§143. Wright Brothers Day

(a) Designation.—December 17 is Wright Brothers Day.

(b) Purpose.—Wright Brothers Day commemorates the first successful flights in a heavier than air, mechanically propelled airplane, that were made by Orville and Wilbur Wright on December 17, 1903, near Kitty Hawk, North Carolina.

(c) Proclamation.—The President is requested to issue each year a proclamation inviting the people of the United States to observe Wright Brothers Day with appropriate ceremonies and activities.

(Pub. L. 105–225, Aug. 12, 1998, 112 Stat. 1262.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised

Section

Source (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
143(a) 36:169 (1st sentence words before 1st comma). Dec. 17, 1963, Pub. L. 88–209, 77 Stat. 402.
143(b) 36:169 (1st sentence words after 1st comma).  
143(c) 36:169 (last sentence).  

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Centennial of Flight Commemoration Act

Pub. L. 105–389, Nov. 13, 1998, 112 Stat. 3486, as amended by Pub. L. 106–68, §1, Oct. 6, 1999, 113 Stat. 981, known as the Centennial of Flight Commemoration Act, established the Centennial of Flight Commission to carry out certain activities related to the history of aviation and the commemoration of the centennial of powered flight, required the Commission to make annual reports and a final report not later than June 30, 2004, and provided that the Commission terminate not later than 60 days after submission of the final report.

§144. Patriot Day

(a) Designation.—September 11 is Patriot Day.

(b) Proclamation.—The President is requested to issue each year a proclamation calling on—

(1) State and local governments and the people of the United States to observe Patriot Day with appropriate programs and activities;

(2) all departments, agencies, and instrumentalities of the United States and interested organizations and individuals to display the flag of the United States at halfstaff on Patriot Day in honor of the individuals who lost their lives as a result of the terrorist attacks against the United States that occurred on September 11, 2001; and

(3) the people of the United States to observe a moment of silence on Patriot Day in honor of the individuals who lost their lives as a result of the terrorist attacks against the United States that occurred on September 11, 2001.

(Added Pub. L. 107–89, §1, Dec. 18, 2001, 115 Stat. 876.)

§145. Veterans Day

The President shall issue each year a proclamation calling on the people of the United States to observe two minutes of silence on Veterans Day in honor of the service and sacrifice of veterans throughout the history of the Nation, beginning at—

(1) 3:11 p.m. Atlantic standard time;

(2) 2:11 p.m. eastern standard time;

(3) 1:11 p.m. central standard time;

(4) 12:11 p.m. mountain standard time;

(5) 11:11 a.m. Pacific standard time;

(6) 10:11 a.m. Alaska standard time; and

(7) 9:11 a.m. Hawaii-Aleutian standard time.

(Added Pub. L. 114–240, §2(a), Oct. 7, 2016, 130 Stat. 974.)

§146. National Atomic Veterans Day

The President shall issue each year a proclamation calling on the people of the United States to—

(1) observe Atomic Veterans Day with appropriate ceremonies and activities; and

(2) remember and honor the atomic veterans of the United States whose brave service and sacrifice played an important role in the defense of the Nation.

(Added Pub. L. 117–81, div. A, title X, §1084(a), Dec. 27, 2021, 135 Stat. 1924.)


Editorial Notes

Prior Provisions

Another section 146 of this title was renumbered section 147 of this title.

§147. Choose Respect Day

(a) Designation.—October 1 is Choose Respect Day.

(b) Recognition.—All private citizens, organizations, and Federal, State, and local governmental and legislative entities are encouraged to recognize Choose Respect Day through proclamations, activities, and educational efforts in furtherance of changing the culture around the tolerance of violence against women.

(Added Pub. L. 117–103, div. W, title XIII, §1310(b)(1), Mar. 15, 2022, 136 Stat. 931, §146; renumbered §147, Pub. L. 118–31, div. A, title XVIII, §1804(a)(1)(A)(i), Dec. 22, 2023, 137 Stat. 686.)


Editorial Notes

Amendments

2023—Pub. L. 118–31 renumbered section 146 of this title, relating to Choose Respect Day, as this section.


Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Section not effective until Oct. 1 of the first fiscal year beginning after Mar. 15, 2022, see section 4(a) of div. W of Pub. L. 117–103, set out as a note under section 6851 of Title 15, Commerce and Trade.

§148. U.S. Hostage and Wrongful Detainee Day

(a) Designation.—March 9 is U.S. Hostage and Wrongful Detainee Day.

(b) Proclamation.—The President is requested to issue each year a proclamation calling on the people of the United States to observe U.S. Hostage and Wrongful Detainee Day with appropriate ceremonies and activities.

(Added Pub. L. 118–31, div. A, title XVIII, §1804(a)(1)(A)(ii), Dec. 22, 2023, 137 Stat. 686.)

CHAPTER 3—NATIONAL ANTHEM, MOTTO, FLORAL EMBLEM, MARCH, AND TREE

Sec.
301.
National anthem.
302.
National motto.
303.
National floral emblem.
304.
National march.
305.
National tree.

        

Editorial Notes

Amendments

2014Pub. L. 113–237, §3(c)(1), Dec. 18, 2014, 128 Stat. 2840, substituted "FLORAL EMBLEM, MARCH" for "FLORAL EMBLEM MARCH" in chapter heading.

2004Pub. L. 108–447, div. J, title I, §109(b)(2), (3), Dec. 8, 2004, 118 Stat. 3344, substituted "MARCH, AND TREE" for ", AND MARCH" in chapter heading and added item 305.


Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

National Bison Legacy

Pub. L. 114–152, May 9, 2016, 130 Stat. 373, provided that:

"SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

"This Act may be cited as the 'National Bison Legacy Act'.

"SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

"Congress finds that—

"(1) bison are considered a historical symbol of the United States;

"(2) bison were integrally linked with the economic and spiritual lives of many Indian tribes through trade and sacred ceremonies;

"(3) there are more than 60 Indian tribes participating in the Intertribal Buffalo Council;

"(4) numerous members of Indian tribes are involved in bison restoration on tribal land;

"(5) members of Indian tribes have a combined herd on more than 1,000,000 acres of tribal land;

"(6) the Intertribal Buffalo Council is a tribal organization incorporated pursuant to section 17 of the Act of June 18, 1934 (commonly known as the 'Indian Reorganization Act') (25 U.S.C. 477) [now 25 U.S.C. 5124];

"(7) bison can play an important role in improving the types of grasses found in landscapes to the benefit of grasslands;

"(8) a small group of ranchers helped save bison from extinction in the late 1800s by gathering the remnants of the decimated herds;

"(9) bison hold significant economic value for private producers and rural communities;

"(10) according to the 2012 Census of Agriculture of the Department of Agriculture, as of 2012, 162,110 head of bison were under the stewardship of private producers, creating jobs and providing a sustainable and healthy meat source contributing to the food security of the United States;

"(11) on December 8, 1905, William Hornaday, Theodore Roosevelt, and others formed the American Bison Society in response to the near extinction of bison in the United States;

"(12) on October 11, 1907, the American Bison Society sent 15 captive-bred bison from the New York Zoological Park, now known as the 'Bronx Zoo', to the first wildlife refuge in the United States, which was known as the 'Wichita Mountains Wildlife Refuge', resulting in the first successful reintroduction of a mammal species on the brink of extinction back into the natural habitat of the species;

"(13) in 2005, the American Bison Society was reestablished, bringing together bison ranchers, managers from Indian tribes, Federal and State agencies, conservation organizations, and natural and social scientists from the United States, Canada, and Mexico to create a vision for the North American bison in the 21st century;

"(14) there are bison herds in National Wildlife Refuges and National Parks;

"(15) there are bison in State-managed herds across 11 States;

"(16) there is a growing effort to celebrate and officially recognize the historical, cultural, and economic significance of the North American bison to the heritage of the United States;

"(17) a bison is portrayed on 2 State flags;

"(18) the bison has been adopted by 3 States as the official mammal or animal of those States;

"(19) a bison has been depicted on the official seal of the Department of the Interior since 1912;

"(20) the buffalo nickel played an important role in modernizing the currency of the United States;

"(21) several sports teams have the bison as a mascot, which highlights the iconic significance of bison in the United States;

"(22) in the 2nd session of the 113th Congress, 22 Senators led a successful effort to enact a resolution to designate November 1, 2014, as the third annual National Bison Day; and

"(23) members of Indian tribes, bison producers, conservationists, sportsmen, educators, and other public and private partners have participated in the annual National Bison Day celebration at several events across the United States and are committed to continuing this tradition annually on the first Saturday of November.

"SEC. 3. ESTABLISHMENT AND ADOPTION OF THE NORTH AMERICAN BISON AS THE NATIONAL MAMMAL.

"(a) In General.—The mammal commonly known as the 'North American bison' is adopted as the national mammal of the United States.

"(b) Rule of Construction.—Nothing in this Act or the adoption of the North American bison as the national mammal of the United States shall be construed or used as a reason to alter, change, modify, or otherwise affect any plan, policy, management decision, regulation, or other action by the Federal Government."

§301. National anthem

(a) Designation.—The composition consisting of the words and music known as the Star-Spangled Banner is the national anthem.

(b) Conduct During Playing.—During a rendition of the national anthem—

(1) when the flag is displayed—

(A) individuals in uniform should give the military salute at the first note of the anthem and maintain that position until the last note;

(B) members of the Armed Forces and veterans who are present but not in uniform may render the military salute in the manner provided for individuals in uniform; and

(C) all other persons present should face the flag and stand at attention with their right hand over the heart, and men not in uniform, if applicable, should remove their headdress with their right hand and hold it at the left shoulder, the hand being over the heart; and


(2) when the flag is not displayed, all present should face toward the music and act in the same manner they would if the flag were displayed.

(Pub. L. 105–225, Aug. 12, 1998, 112 Stat. 1263; Pub. L. 110–417, [div. A], title V, §595, Oct. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 4475.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised

Section

Source (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
301(a) 36:170. Mar. 3, 1931, ch. 436, 46 Stat. 1508.
301(b) 36:171. June 22, 1942, ch. 435, §6, 56 Stat. 380; Dec. 22, 1942, ch. 806, §6, 56 Stat. 1077; July 7, 1976, Pub. L. 94–344, §1(18), 90 Stat. 812.

Editorial Notes

Amendments

2008—Subsec. (b)(1)(A) to (C). Pub. L. 110–417 added subpars. (A) to (C) and struck out former subpars. (A) to (C) which read as follows:

"(A) all present except those in uniform should stand at attention facing the flag with the right hand over the heart;

"(B) men not in uniform should remove their headdress with their right hand and hold the headdress at the left shoulder, the hand being over the heart; and

"(C) individuals in uniform should give the military salute at the first note of the anthem and maintain that position until the last note; and".

§302. National motto

"In God we trust" is the national motto.

(Pub. L. 105–225, Aug. 12, 1998, 112 Stat. 1263; Pub. L. 107–293, §3(a), Nov. 13, 2002, 116 Stat. 2060.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised

Section

Source (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
302 36:186. July 30, 1956, ch. 795, 70 Stat. 732.

Editorial Notes

Amendments

2002—Pub. L. 107–293 reenacted section catchline and text without change.


Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Reaffirmation of Language

Pub. L. 107–293, §3(b), Nov. 13, 2002, 116 Stat. 2061, provided that: "In codifying this subsection [probably should be "section", meaning section 3 of Pub. L. 107–293, which amended this section], the Office of the Law Revision Counsel shall make no change in section 302, title 36, United States Code, but shall show in the historical and statutory notes that the 107th Congress reaffirmed the exact language that has appeared in the Motto for decades."

§303. National floral emblem

The flower commonly known as the rose is the national floral emblem.

(Pub. L. 105–225, Aug. 12, 1998, 112 Stat. 1263.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised

Section

Source (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
303 36:187. Oct. 7, 1986, Pub. L. 99–449, 100 Stat. 1128.

The text of 36:187 (words after comma) is omitted as executed because the proclamation was made on November 20, 1986. See Proclamation No. 5574, 51 Fed. Reg. 42197.


Executive Documents

Proc. No. 5574. The Rose Proclaimed the National Floral Emblem of the United States of America

Proc. No. 5574, Nov. 20, 1986, 51 F.R. 42197, provided:

Americans have always loved the flowers with which God decorates our land. More often than any other flower, we hold the rose dear as the symbol of life and love and devotion, of beauty and eternity. For the love of man and woman, for the love of mankind and God, for the love of country, Americans who would speak the language of the heart do so with a rose.

We see proofs of this everywhere. The study of fossils reveals that the rose has existed in America for age upon age. We have always cultivated roses in our gardens. Our first President, George Washington, bred roses, and a variety he named after his mother is still grown today. The White House itself boasts a beautiful Rose Garden. We grow roses in all our fifty States. We find roses throughout our art, music, and literature. We decorate our celebrations and parades with roses. Most of all, we present roses to those we love, and we lavish them on our altars, our civil shrines, and the final resting places of our honored dead.

The American people have long held a special place in their hearts for roses. Let us continue to cherish them, to honor the love and devotion they represent, and to bestow them on all we love just as God has bestowed them on us.

The Congress, by Senate Joint Resolution 159 [Pub. L. 99–449, now this section], has designated the rose as the National Floral Emblem of the United States and authorized and requested the President to issue a proclamation declaring this fact.

NOW, THEREFORE, I, RONALD REAGAN, President of the United States of America, do hereby proclaim the rose as the National Floral Emblem of the United States of America.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have hereunto set my hand this twentieth day of November, in the year of our Lord nineteen hundred and eighty-six, and of the Independence of the United States of America the two hundred and eleventh.

Ronald Reagan.      

§304. National march

The composition by John Philip Sousa entitled "The Stars and Stripes Forever" is the national march.

(Pub. L. 105–225, Aug. 12, 1998, 112 Stat. 1263.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised

Section

Source (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
304 36:188. Dec. 11, 1987, Pub. L. 100–186, 101 Stat. 1286.

§305. National tree

The tree genus Quercus, commonly known as the oak tree, is the national tree.

(Added Pub. L. 108–447, div. J, title I, §109(a), Dec. 8, 2004, 118 Stat. 3344.)

CHAPTER 5—PRESIDENTIAL INAUGURAL CEREMONIES

Sec.
501.
Definitions.
502.
Regulations, licenses, and registration tags.
503.
Use of reservations, grounds, and public spaces.
504.
Installation and removal of electrical facilities.
505.
Extension of wires along parade routes.
506.
Duration of regulations and licenses and publication of regulations.
507.
Application to other property.
508.
Enforcement.
509.
Penalty.
510.
Disclosure of and prohibition on certain donations.
511.
Authorization of appropriations.

        

Editorial Notes

Amendments

2006Pub. L. 109–284, §5(1), (2), Sept. 27, 2006, 120 Stat. 1211, added item 510 and redesignated former item 510 as 511.

§501. Definitions

For purposes of this chapter—

(1) "Inaugural Committee" means the committee appointed by the President-elect to be in charge of the Presidential inaugural ceremony and functions and activities connected with the ceremony; and

(2) "inaugural period" means the period that includes the day on which the Presidential inaugural ceremony is held, the 5 calendar days immediately preceding that day, and the 4 calendar days immediately following that day.

(Pub. L. 105–225, Aug. 12, 1998, 112 Stat. 1263.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised

Section

Source (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
501 36:721(b). Aug. 6, 1956, ch. 974, §1(b), 70 Stat. 1049.
  36:730. Aug. 6, 1956, ch. 974, §10, as added Jan. 30, 1968, Pub. L. 90–251, §4, 82 Stat. 4.

In this chapter, the word "Mayor" is substituted for "Commissioners" in the Presidential Inaugural Ceremonies Act (ch. 974, 70 Stat. 1049) [subsequently changed to "Commissioner" in 36:ch. 30 because section 401 of Reorganization Plan No. 3 of 1967 (5 App. U.S.C.) transferred the functions of the Board of Commissioners of the District of Columbia to the Commissioner of the District of Columbia and because of 36:730] because of sections 421 and 711 of the District of Columbia Self-Government and Governmental Reorganization Act (Public Law 93–198, 87 Stat. 789, 818), which abolished the office of Commissioner of the District of Columbia and replaced it with the office of Mayor of the District of Columbia.

In this section, the text of 36:721(b)(3)–(5) is omitted because the complete names of the Mayor of the District of Columbia and the Secretaries of Defense and of the Interior are used the first time the terms appear in a section.

§502. Regulations, licenses, and registration tags

(a) Regulations and Licenses.—For each inaugural period, the Council of the District of Columbia shall—

(1) prescribe reasonable regulations necessary to preserve public order and protect life, health, and property;

(2) prescribe special regulations related to the standing, movement, and operation of vehicles; and

(3) grant special licenses to peddlers and vendors to sell merchandise in places the Council considers proper, subject to conditions and fees for the licenses the Council considers proper.


(b) Registration Tags.—The Mayor of the District of Columbia may issue, for any motor vehicle made available for the use of the Inaugural Committee, special registration tags, valid for not more than 90 days, designed to celebrate the inauguration of the President and Vice President.

(Pub. L. 105–225, Aug. 12, 1998, 112 Stat. 1264.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised

Section

Source (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
502(a) 36:722(a). Aug. 6, 1956, ch. 974, §2, 70 Stat. 1049; Jan. 30, 1968, Pub. L. 90–251, §1, 82 Stat. 4.
502(b) 36:722(b).

36:730.

 

Aug. 6, 1956, ch. 974, §10, as added Jan. 30, 1968, Pub. L. 90–251, §4, 82 Stat. 4.

In this chapter, the words "Council of the District of Columbia" are substituted for "District of Columbia Council" because of sections 401 and 711 of the District of Columbia Self-Government and Governmental Reorganization Act (Public Law 93–198, 87 Stat. 785, 818).

In subsection (a)(2), the words "of whatever character or kind during such period" are omitted as unnecessary.

In subsection (a)(3), the words "the privilege of", "goods, wares, and", and "in the District of Columbia" are omitted as unnecessary.

In subsection (b), the words "both duly registered . . . and unregistered", "a period", and "the occasion of" are omitted as unnecessary.

§503. Use of reservations, grounds, and public spaces

(a) Permit for Use.—With the approval of the officer having jurisdiction over any of the Federal reservations or grounds in the District of Columbia, the Secretary of the Interior may grant to the Inaugural Committee a permit to use the reservations or grounds during the inaugural period, including a reasonable time before and after the inaugural period. The Mayor of the District of Columbia may grant a similar permit to use public space under the Mayor's jurisdiction. Each permit granted under this subsection is subject to conditions the grantor of the permit prescribes.

(b) Reviewing Stands and Commercial Stands and Structures.—A reviewing stand or a stand or structure for the sale of merchandise, food, or drink may be built on public grounds in the District of Columbia only if approved by the Inaugural Committee and by the Secretary or the Mayor, as appropriate.

(c) Restoration After Inaugural Period.—After the inaugural period, the reservation, ground, or public space occupied by a stand or structure shall be restored promptly to its prior condition.

(d) Indemnification.—The Inaugural Committee shall indemnify and save harmless the District of Columbia and the appropriate department, agency, or instrumentality of the United States Government against any loss or damage to, and against any liability arising from the use of, the reservation, ground, or public space, by the Inaugural Committee or a licensee of the Inaugural Committee.

(Pub. L. 105–225, Aug. 12, 1998, 112 Stat. 1264.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised

Section

Source (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
503(a) 36:724 (1st, 2d sentences). Aug. 6, 1956, ch. 974, §4, 70 Stat. 1049.
  36:730. Aug. 6, 1956, ch. 974, §10, as added Jan. 30, 1968, Pub. L. 90–251, §4, 82 Stat. 4.
503(b) 36:724 (3d sentence).

36:730.

503(c) 36:724 (4th sentence).  
503(d) 36:724 (last sentence).  

In subsection (a), the words "restrictions, terms, and" are omitted as unnecessary. The word "prescribes" is substituted for "imposed" for consistency in the revised title and with other titles of the United States Code.

In subsection (b), the words "With respect to public space", "goods, wares", "sidewalk, street, park, reservation, or other", and "depending on the location of such stand or structure" are omitted as unnecessary.

In subsection (d), the words "department, agency, or instrumentality" are substituted for "agency" for consistency in the revised title and with other titles of the United States Code. The words "or agencies" are omitted because of 1:1.

§504. Installation and removal of electrical facilities

(a) Installation.—The Mayor of the District of Columbia may allow the Inaugural Committee to install suitable overhead conductors and electrical facilities, with adequate supports. The official in charge of a park or reservation in the District of Columbia in which it is necessary to place wires shall supervise the placing and removal of those wires.

(b) Removal.—The conductors and supports shall be removed not later than 5 days after the end of the inaugural period.

(c) Indemnification.—The United States Government and the District of Columbia may not incur any expense or damage from the installation, operation, or removal of a temporary overhead conductor or electrical facility. The Inaugural Committee shall indemnify and hold harmless the District of Columbia and the appropriate department, agency, or instrumentality of the Government against any loss or damage, and against any liability arising, from any act of the Inaugural Committee or any agent, licensee, servant, or employee of the Inaugural Committee in connection with the installation, operation, or removal of a temporary overhead conductor or electrical facility.

(Pub. L. 105–225, Aug. 12, 1998, 112 Stat. 1264.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised

Section

Source (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
504(a) 36:725 (1st, 2d sentences). Aug. 6, 1956, ch. 974, §5 (1st–3d, last sentences), 70 Stat. 1050.
  36:730. Aug. 6, 1956, ch. 974, §10, as added Jan. 30, 1968, Pub. L. 90–251, §4, 82 Stat. 4.
504(b) 36:725 (3d sentence).  
504(c) 36:725 (last sentence).  

In subsection (a), the words "lighting or other" and "for illumination or other purposes" are omitted as unnecessary.

In subsection (c), the words "illumination or other" are omitted as unnecessary. The words "department, agency, or instrumentality" are substituted for "agency" for consistency in the revised title and with other titles of the United States Code. The words "or agencies" are omitted because of 1:1. The words "in connection with the installation, operation, or removal of a temporary overhead conductor or electrical facility" are added for clarity.

§505. Extension of wires along parade routes

The Mayor of the District of Columbia, the Secretary of the Interior, and the Inaugural Committee may allow communications companies to extend overhead wires to places along a parade route that are considered convenient for use in connection with the parade and other inaugural purposes. The wires shall be removed not later than 10 days after the inaugural period ends.

(Pub. L. 105–225, Aug. 12, 1998, 112 Stat. 1265.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised

Section

Source (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
505 36:727. Aug. 6, 1956, ch. 974, §7, 70 Stat. 1050.
  36:730. Aug. 6, 1956, ch. 974, §10, as added Jan. 30, 1968, Pub. L. 90–251, §4, 82 Stat. 4.

The words "communications companies" are substituted for "telegraph, telephone, radio-broadcasting, and television companies" to eliminate unnecessary words.

§506. Duration of regulations and licenses and publication of regulations

Regulations prescribed and licenses authorized under this chapter are effective only during the inaugural period. The regulations shall be published in at least one daily newspaper published in the District of Columbia. A penalty prescribed for violating such a regulation may not be enforced until 5 days after publication.

(Pub. L. 105–225, Aug. 12, 1998, 112 Stat. 1265.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised

Section

Source (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
506 36:728 (1st, 2d sentences). Aug. 6, 1956, ch. 974, §8 (1st, 2d sentences), 70 Stat. 1051.

The words "full force and" are omitted as unnecessary.

§507. Application to other property

This chapter does not apply to the United States Capitol Buildings or Grounds or other property under the jurisdiction of Congress or a committee, commission, or officer of Congress. A service or facility authorized by or under this chapter is available for the property on request or approval of the joint committee of the Senate and House of Representatives appointed by the President of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives to arrange for the inauguration of the President-elect and the Vice President-elect.

(Pub. L. 105–225, Aug. 12, 1998, 112 Stat. 1265.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised

Section

Source (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
507 36:729. Aug. 6, 1956, ch. 974, §9, 70 Stat. 1051.

§508. Enforcement

The Mayor of the District of Columbia, or other official having jurisdiction in the premises, shall enforce this chapter, take necessary precautions to protect the public, and ensure that the pavement of any street, sidewalk, avenue, or alley disturbed or damaged is restored to its prior condition.

(Pub. L. 105–225, Aug. 12, 1998, 112 Stat. 1265.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised

Section

Source (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
508 36:725 (4th sentence). Aug. 6, 1956, ch. 974, §5 (4th sentence), 70 Stat. 1050.
  36:730. Aug. 6, 1956, ch. 974, §10, as added Jan. 30, 1968, Pub. L. 90–251, §4, 82 Stat. 4.

§509. Penalty

A person violating a regulation prescribed under this chapter shall be fined under title 18 or imprisoned for not more than 30 days. A separate violation occurs under this section for each day the violation continues.

(Pub. L. 105–225, Aug. 12, 1998, 112 Stat. 1265.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised

Section

Source (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
509 36:728 (3d, last sentences). Aug. 6, 1956, ch. 974, §8 (3d, last sentences), 70 Stat. 1051; Jan. 30, 1968, Pub. L. 90–251, §3, 82 Stat. 4.

The words "by the Council of the District of Columbia" and "the authority of" are omitted as unnecessary. The words "under title 18" are substituted for "not more than $100" for consistency with title 18. The words "A separate violation occurs under this section for each day the violation continues" are substituted for 36:728 (last sentence) for consistency in the revised title and with other titles of the United States Code and to eliminate unnecessary words.

§510. Disclosure of and prohibition on certain donations

(a) In General.—A committee shall not be considered to be the Inaugural Committee for purposes of this chapter unless the committee agrees to, and meets, the requirements of subsections (b) and (c).

(b) Disclosure.—

(1) In general.—Not later than the date that is 90 days after the date of the Presidential inaugural ceremony, the committee shall file a report with the Federal Election Commission disclosing any donation of money or anything of value made to the committee in an aggregate amount equal to or greater than $200.

(2) Contents of report.—A report filed under paragraph (1) shall contain—

(A) the amount of the donation;

(B) the date the donation is received; and

(C) the name and address of the person making the donation.


(c) Limitation.—The committee shall not accept any donation from a foreign national (as defined in section 319(b) of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (2 U.S.C. 441e(b))).1

(Added Pub. L. 107–155, title III, §308(a)(2), Mar. 27, 2002, 116 Stat. 103.)


Editorial Notes

References in Text

The Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971, referred to in subsec. (c), is Pub. L. 92–225, Feb. 7, 1972, 86 Stat. 3, which was formerly classified principally to chapter 14 (§431 et seq.) of Title 2, The Congress, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering in Title 52, Voting and Elections, and is now classified principally to chapter 301 (§30101 et seq.) of Title 52. Section 319 of this Act is classified to section 30121 of Title 52. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Tables.

Prior Provisions

A prior section 510 was renumbered section 511 of this title.


Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Section effective Nov. 6, 2002, see section 402 of Pub. L. 107–155, set out as an Effective Date of 2002 Amendment; Regulations note under section 30101 of Title 52, Voting and Elections.

1 See References in Text note below.

§511. Authorization of appropriations

(a) Authorization.—Necessary amounts are authorized to be appropriated—

(1) to enable the Mayor of the District of Columbia to provide additional municipal services in the District of Columbia during the inaugural period, including—

(A) employment of personal services without regard to chapters 33 and 51 and subchapter III of chapter 53 of title 5;

(B) travel expenses of enforcement personnel, including sanitarians, from other jurisdictions;

(C) the hiring of the means of transportation;

(D) meals for policemen, firemen, and other municipal employees;

(E) the cost of removing and relocating streetcar loading platforms, construction, rent, maintenance, and expenses incident to the operation of temporary public comfort stations, first-aid stations, and information booths; and

(F) other incidental expenses in the discretion of the Mayor; and


(2) to enable the Secretary of the Interior to provide meals for the members of the United States Park Police during the inaugural period.


(b) Payment.—Amounts appropriated under—

(1) subsection (a)(1) of this section are payable in the same way as other appropriations for the expenses of the District of Columbia; and

(2) subsection (a)(2) of this section are payable in the same way as other appropriations for the expenses of the Department of the Interior.

(Pub. L. 105–225, Aug. 12, 1998, 112 Stat. 1265, §510; renumbered §511, Pub. L. 107–155, title III, §308(a)(1), Mar. 27, 2002, 116 Stat. 103.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised

Section

Source (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
510(a) 36:723 (less words between 1st and 2d commas and between next-to-last and last commas). Aug. 6, 1956, ch. 974, §3, 70 Stat. 1049; Jan. 30, 1968, Pub. L. 90–251, §2, 82 Stat. 4.
  36:730. Aug. 6, 1956, ch. 974, §10, as added Jan. 30, 1968, Pub. L. 90–251, §4, 82 Stat. 4.
510(b) 36:723 (words between 1st and 2d commas and between next-to-last and last commas).  

In subsection (a)(1)(A), the words "chapters 33 and 51 and subchapter III of chapter 53 of title 5" are substituted for "the civil-service and classification laws" for clarity and consistency in the revised title and with other titles of the United States Code.


Editorial Notes

Amendments

2002—Pub. L. 107–155 renumbered section 510 of this title as this section.


Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 2002 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 107–155, effective Nov. 6, 2002, see section 402 of Pub. L. 107–155, set out as an Effective Date of 2002 Amendment; Regulations note under section 30101 of Title 52, Voting and Elections.

CHAPTER 7—FEDERAL PARTICIPATION IN CARL GARNER FEDERAL LANDS CLEANUP DAY

Sec.
701.
Findings.
702.
Definition.
703.
Duties of Federal land management agency.
704.
Activities.

        

§701. Findings

Congress finds that—

(1) Federal lands, parks, recreation areas, and waterways provide recreational opportunities for millions of Americans each year;

(2) Federal lands administered by Federal land management agencies contain valuable wildlife, scenery, natural and historic features, and other resources which may be damaged by litter and misuse;

(3) it is in the best interest of the United States and its citizens to maintain and preserve the beauty, safety, and availability of these Federal lands;

(4) these Federal land management agencies have been designated as the caretakers of these Federal lands and are responsible for maintaining and preserving those areas and facilities;

(5) there is great value in volunteer involvement in maintaining and preserving Federal lands for recreational use;

(6) the Federal land management agencies should be concerned with promoting a sense of pride and ownership among citizens toward these lands;

(7) the use of citizen volunteers in a national cleanup effort promotes these goals and encourages the thoughtful use of these Federal lands and facilities;

(8) the positive impact of annual cleanup events held at various recreation sites has already been proven by steadily declining levels of litter at these sites; and

(9) a national program for cleaning and maintaining Federal lands using volunteers will save millions of tax dollars.

(Pub. L. 105–225, Aug. 12, 1998, 112 Stat. 1266.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised

Section

Source (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
701 36:169i note. Aug. 27, 1986, Pub. L. 99–402, §2, 100 Stat. 910.

In clause (2), the words "the several" are omitted as unnecessary.

§702. Definition

For purposes of this chapter, "Federal land management agency" includes—

(1) the Forest Service of the Department of Agriculture;

(2) the Bureau of Land Management of the Department of the Interior;

(3) the National Park Service of the Department of the Interior;

(4) the Fish and Wildlife Service of the Department of the Interior;

(5) the Bureau of Reclamation of the Department of the Interior; and

(6) the Army Corps of Engineers.

(Pub. L. 105–225, Aug. 12, 1998, 112 Stat. 1267.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised

Section

Source (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
702 36:169i–1(a)(2). Aug. 27, 1986, Pub. L. 99–402, §4(a)(2), 100 Stat. 911.

§703. Duties of Federal land management agency

To observe Carl Garner Federal Lands Cleanup Day at the Federal level, each Federal land management agency shall organize, coordinate, and participate with citizen volunteers and State and local authorities in cleaning and providing for the maintenance of Federal public land, recreation areas, and waterways within the jurisdiction of the agency.

(Pub. L. 105–225, Aug. 12, 1998, 112 Stat. 1267.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised

Section

Source (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
703 36:169i–1(a)(1). Aug. 27, 1986, Pub. L. 99–402, §4(a)(1), 100 Stat. 911; Nov. 12, 1996, Pub. L. 104–333, §806, 110 Stat. 4188.

The word "authorities" is substituted for "agencies" for consistency in the revised title and with other titles of the United States Code.

§704. Activities

In cooperation with appropriate State and local government authorities, each Federal land management agency shall plan for and carry out activities on Carl Garner Federal Lands Cleanup Day that—

(1) encourage continuing public and private sector cooperation in preserving the beauty and safety of areas within the jurisdiction of the agency;

(2) increase citizens' sense of ownership and community pride in those areas;

(3) reduce litter on Federal lands, along trails and waterways, and within those areas; and

(4) maintain and improve trails, recreation areas, waterways, and facilities.

(Pub. L. 105–225, Aug. 12, 1998, 112 Stat. 1267.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised

Section

Source (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
704 36:169i–1(b). Aug. 27, 1986, Pub. L. 99–402, §4(b), 100 Stat. 911; Nov. 12, 1996, Pub. L. 104–333, §806, 110 Stat. 4188.

In this section, before clause (1), the word "county" is omitted as unnecessary. The word "authorities" is substituted for "agencies" for consistency in the revised title and with other titles of the United States Code.

CHAPTER 9—MISCELLANEOUS

Sec.
901.
Service flag and service lapel button.
902.
National League of Families POW/MIA flag.
903.
Designation of Medal of Honor Flag.
904.
Hostage and Wrongful Detainee flag.

        

Editorial Notes

Amendments

2023Pub. L. 118–31, div. A, title XVIII, §1804(a)(2)(B), Dec. 22, 2023, 137 Stat. 687, added item 904.

2002Pub. L. 107–248, title VIII, §8143(b)(2), Oct. 23, 2002, 116 Stat. 1570, added item 903.

§901. Service flag and service lapel button

(a) Individuals Entitled To Display Service Flag.—A service flag approved by the Secretary of Defense may be displayed in a window of the place of residence of individuals who are members of the immediate family of an individual serving in the Armed Forces of the United States during any period of war or hostilities in which the Armed Forces of the United States are engaged.

(b) Individuals Entitled To Display Service Lapel Button.—A service lapel button approved by the Secretary may be worn by members of the immediate family of an individual serving in the Armed Forces of the United States during any period of war or hostilities in which the Armed Forces of the United States are engaged.

(c) License To Manufacture and Sell Service Flags and Service Lapel Buttons.—Any person may apply to the Secretary for a license to manufacture and sell the approved service flag, or the approved service lapel button, or both. Any person that manufactures a service flag or service lapel button without having first obtained a license, or otherwise violates this section is liable to the United States Government for a civil penalty of not more than $1,000.

(d) Regulations.—The Secretary may prescribe regulations necessary to carry out this section.

(Pub. L. 105–225, Aug. 12, 1998, 112 Stat. 1267.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised

Section

Source (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
901(a) 36:179. Oct. 17, 1942, ch. 615, 56 Stat. 796; May 27, 1953, ch. 70, 67 Stat. 35.
901(b) 36:180.  
901(c) 36:181.  
901(d) 36:182.  

In subsection (c), the text of 36:181 (1st sentence) is omitted as executed. The word "Thereafter" is omitted as obsolete. The words "is liable to the United States Government for a civil penalty of" are substituted for "shall, upon conviction thereof, be fined" for consistency in the revised title and with other titles of the United States Code.

§902. National League of Families POW/MIA flag

(a) Designation.—The National League of Families POW/MIA flag is designated as the symbol of our Nation's concern and commitment to resolving as fully as possible the fates of Americans still prisoner, missing, and unaccounted for in Southeast Asia, thus ending the uncertainty for their families and the Nation.

(b) Required Display.—The POW/MIA flag shall be displayed at the locations specified in subsection (d) of this section on POW/MIA flag display days. The display serves—

(1) as the symbol of the Nation's concern and commitment to achieving the fullest possible accounting of Americans who, having been prisoners of war or missing in action, still remain unaccounted for; and

(2) as the symbol of the Nation's commitment to achieving the fullest possible accounting for Americans who in the future may become prisoners of war, missing in action, or otherwise unaccounted for as a result of hostile action.


(c) Days for Flag Display.—For the purposes of this section, POW/MIA flag display days are all days on which the flag of the United States is displayed.

(d) Locations for Flag Display.—The locations for the display of the POW/MIA flag under subsection (b) of this section are the following:

(1) The Capitol.

(2) The White House.

(3) The World War II Memorial, the Korean War Veterans Memorial, and the Vietnam Veterans Memorial.

(4) Each national cemetery.

(5) The buildings containing the official office of—

(A) the Secretary of State;

(B) the Secretary of Defense;

(C) the Secretary of Veterans Affairs; and

(D) the Director of the Selective Service System.


(6) Each major military installation, as designated by the Secretary of Defense.

(7) Each medical center of the Department of Veterans Affairs.

(8) Each United States Postal Service post office.


(e) Coordination With Other Display Requirement.—Display of the POW/MIA flag at the Capitol pursuant to subsection (d)(1) of this section is in addition to the display of that flag in the Rotunda of the Capitol pursuant to Senate Concurrent Resolution 5 of the 101st Congress, agreed to on February 22, 1989 (103 Stat. 2533).

(f) Display To Be in a Manner Visible to the Public.—Display of the POW/MIA flag pursuant to this section shall be in a manner designed to ensure visibility to the public.

(g) Limitation.—This section may not be construed or applied so as to require any employee to report to work solely for the purpose of providing for the display of the POW/MIA flag.

(Pub. L. 105–225, Aug. 12, 1998, 112 Stat. 1268; Pub. L. 105–354, §1(1), Nov. 3, 1998, 112 Stat. 3238; Pub. L. 107–323, §2(a), (b), Dec. 4, 2002, 116 Stat. 2787; Pub. L. 116–67, §2, Nov. 7, 2019, 133 Stat. 1128.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Pub. L. 105–225
Revised

Section

Source (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
902(a) 36:189. Aug. 10, 1990, Pub. L. 101–355, §2, 104 Stat. 416.
902(b) 36:189 note. Dec. 5, 1991, Pub. L. 102–190, title X, §1084(a)–(c), (e), 105 Stat. 1482, 1483.
902(c) 36:189 note. Dec. 5, 1991, Pub. L. 102–190, title X, §1084(d), 105 Stat. 1483.

In subsection (b), the text of section 1084(c) of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Years 1992 and 1993 (Public Law 102–190, 105 Stat. 1483) is omitted as executed.

Pub. L. 105–354

This amends section 902 of title 36 to reflect changes made by section 1082 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1998 (Public Law 105–85, Nov. 18, 1997, 111 Stat. 1917, 36 App. U.S.C. 189a).

Section 1082(g) of that Act, which defined "POW/MIA flag" as used in section 1082 by reference to section 2 of Public Law 101–355, is unnecessary because the two provisions are restated together in section 902 of title 36.

Section 1082(h), which required that regulations be prescribed no later than 180 days after enactment of Public law 105–85, is repealed as executed.

Section 1082(i), which required that the Administrator of GSA procure and distribute POW/MIA flags no later than 30 days after enactment of Public Law 105–85, is repealed as executed.

Section 1082(j), which repealed section 1084 of Public Law 102–190 (previously restated as subsections (b) and (c) of section 902 of title 36), is repealed as executed.


Editorial Notes

Amendments

2019—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 116–67 added subsec. (c) and struck out former subsec. (c) which set out specific days for POW/MIA flag display.

2002—Subsec. (c)(2). Pub. L. 107–323, §2(b), added subpar. (A) and redesignated former subpars. (A) and (B) as (B) and (C), respectively.

Subsec. (d)(3). Pub. L. 107–323, §2(a), substituted "The World War II Memorial, the Korean War Veterans Memorial, and the Vietnam Veterans Memorial" for "The Korean War Veterans Memorial and the Vietnam Veterans Memorial".

1998—Subsecs. (b) to (g). Pub. L. 105–354 added subsecs. (b) to (g) and struck out former subsecs. (b) and (c) which read as follows:

"(b) Display.—The flag shall be displayed—

"(1) at each national cemetery and at the National Vietnam Veterans Memorial each year on Memorial Day and Veterans Day and on any day designated by law as National POW/MIA Recognition Day; and

"(2) on, or on the grounds of, the buildings containing the primary offices of the Secretaries of State, Defense, and Veterans Affairs, and the Director of the Selective Service System on any day designated by law as National POW/MIA Recognition Day.

"(c) Termination of Flag Display Requirement.—Subsection (b) of this section ceases to apply when the President decides that the fullest possible accounting has been made of all members of the Armed Forces and civilian employees of the United States Government who have been identified as prisoners of war or missing in action in Southeast Asia."


Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Display on Existing Flagpole

Pub. L. 107–323, §2(c), Dec. 4, 2002, 116 Stat. 2788, provided that: "No element of the United States Government may construe the amendments made by this section [amending this section] as requiring the acquisition of [sic] erection of a new or additional flagpole for purposes of the display of the POW/MIA flag."

§903. Designation of Medal of Honor Flag

(a) Designation.—The Secretary of Defense shall design and designate a flag as the Medal of Honor Flag. In selecting the design for the flag, the Secretary shall consider designs submitted by the general public.

(b) Presentation.—The Medal of Honor Flag shall be presented as specified in sections 7285, 8307, and 9285 of title 10 and section 505 1 of title 14.

(Added Pub. L. 107–248, title VIII, §8143(b)(1), Oct. 23, 2002, 116 Stat. 1570; amended Pub. L. 115–232, div. A, title VIII, §809(l)(1), Aug. 13, 2018, 132 Stat. 1843.)


Editorial Notes

References in Text

Section 505 of title 14, referred to in subsec. (b), was redesignated section 2734 of title 14 by Pub. L. 115–282, title I, §116(b)(2), Dec. 4, 2018, 132 Stat. 4226, and references to section 505 of title 14 deemed to refer to such redesignated section, see section 123(b)(1) of Pub. L. 115–282, set out as a References to Sections of Title 14 as Redesignated by Pub. L. 115–282 note preceding section 101 of Title 14, Coast Guard.

Amendments

2018—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 115–232 substituted "sections 7285, 8307, and 9285 of title 10" for "sections 3755, 6257, and 8755 of title 10".


Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 2018 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 115–232 effective Feb. 1, 2019, with provision for the coordination of amendments and special rule for certain redesignations, see section 800 of Pub. L. 115–232, set out as a note preceding section 3001 of Title 10, Armed Forces.

Findings

Pub. L. 107–248, title VIII, §8143(a), Oct. 23, 2002, 116 Stat. 1570, provided that: "Congress finds that—

"(1) the Medal of Honor is the highest award for valor in action against an enemy force which can be bestowed upon an individual serving in the Armed Forces of the United States;

"(2) the Medal of Honor was established by Congress during the Civil War to recognize soldiers who had distinguished themselves by gallantry in action;

"(3) the Medal of Honor was conceived by Senator James Grimes of the State of Iowa in 1861; and

"(4) the Medal of Honor is the Nation's highest military honor, awarded for acts of personal bravery or self-sacrifice above and beyond the call of duty."

Presentation of Medal of Honor Flag

Pub. L. 107–248, title VIII, §8143(d), Oct. 23, 2002, 116 Stat. 1571, required the President to provide for the expeditious presentation of the Medal of Honor Flag designated under this section to each person awarded the Medal of Honor before Oct. 23, 2002, who was living as of that date.

1 See References in Text note below.

§904. Hostage and Wrongful Detainee flag

(a) Designation.—The Hostage and Wrongful Detainee flag championed by the Bring Our Families Home Campaign is designated as the symbol of the commitment of the United States to recognizing, and prioritizing the freedom of, citizens and lawful permanent residents of the United States held as hostages or wrongfully detained abroad.

(b) Required Display.—

(1) In general.—The Hostage and Wrongful Detainee flag shall be displayed at the locations specified in paragraph (3) on the days specified in paragraph (2).

(2) Days specified.—The days specified in this paragraph are the following:

(A) U.S. Hostage and Wrongful Detainee Day, March 9.

(B) Flag Day, June 14.

(C) Independence Day, July 4.

(D) Any day on which a citizen or lawful permanent resident of the United States—

(i) returns to the United States from being held hostage or wrongfully detained abroad; or

(ii) dies while being held hostage or wrongfully detained abroad.


(3) Locations specified.—The locations specified in this paragraph are the following:

(A) The Capitol.

(B) The White House.

(C) The buildings containing the official office of—

(i) the Secretary of State; and

(ii) the Secretary of Defense.


(c) Display To Be in a Manner Visible to the Public.—Display of the Hostage and Wrongful Detainee flag pursuant to this section shall be in a manner designed to ensure visibility to the public.

(d) Limitation.—This section may not be construed or applied so as to require any employee to report to work solely for the purpose of providing for the display of the Hostage and Wrongful Detainee flag.

(Added Pub. L. 118–31, div. A, title XVIII, §1804(a)(2)(A), Dec. 22, 2023, 137 Stat. 686.)

Part B—United States Government Organizations Involved With Observances and Ceremonies

CHAPTER 21—AMERICAN BATTLE MONUMENTS COMMISSION

Sec.
2101.
Membership.
2102.
Employment of personnel.
2103.
Administrative.
2104.
Military cemeteries in foreign countries.
2105.
Monuments built by the United States Government.
2106.
War memorials not built by the United States Government.
2107.
National Memorial Cemetery of the Pacific.
2108.
Pacific War Memorial and other historical and memorial sites on Corregidor.
2109.
Foreign Currency Fluctuations Account.
2110.
Claims against the Commission.
2111.
Presidential duties and powers.
2112.
Care and maintenance of Surrender Tree site.
2113.
World War II memorial in the District of Columbia.
2114.
Intellectual property and related items.
2115.
Acquisition, operation, and maintenance of Lafayette Escadrille Memorial.

        

Editorial Notes

Amendments

2016Pub. L. 114–227, §1(b), Sept. 29, 2016, 130 Stat. 934, added item 2115.

1999Pub. L. 106–117, title VI, §§601(a)(2), 603(b), Nov. 30, 1999, 113 Stat. 1578, 1579, added items 2113 and 2114.

§2101. Membership

(a) Composition and Terms.—The American Battle Monuments Commission has not more than 11 members appointed by the President. The President also shall appoint one officer of the Regular Army to serve as secretary of the Commission. The members and secretary serve at the pleasure of the President. The President shall fill any vacancies that occur. Notwithstanding any other law, members of the Armed Forces may be appointed members of the Commission.

(b) Pay and Expenses.—The members of the Commission serve without compensation. However, the members of the Commission may receive, from an amount appropriated to carry out this chapter or acquired by another authorized way—

(1) their actual expenses related to the work of the Commission;

(2) when in a travel status outside the continental United States, a per diem at the rate authorized to be paid for members of the uniformed services under section 405 of title 37 instead of subsistence; and

(3) when in a travel status in the continental United States, a per diem at the rate authorized to be paid under sections 5702 and 5703 of title 5 instead of subsistence.


(c) Expenses of Officers of Armed Forces Serving on Commission.—An officer of the Armed Forces serving as a member or as secretary of the Commission may be reimbursed for expenses when traveling on business of the Commission in the same way as civilian members of the Commission.

(Pub. L. 105–225, Aug. 12, 1998, 112 Stat. 1269; Pub. L. 106–117, title VI, §604(1), Nov. 30, 1999, 113 Stat. 1580; Pub. L. 112–81, div. A, title VI, §631(f)(4)(B), Dec. 31, 2011, 125 Stat. 1465; Pub. L. 112–239, div. A, title X, §1076(a)(9), Jan. 2, 2013, 126 Stat. 1948; Pub. L. 117–263, div. A, title VI, §626(g), Dec. 23, 2022, 136 Stat. 2629.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised

Section

Source (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
2101(a) 36:121 (1st par.). Mar. 4, 1923, ch. 283, §1 (1st par.), 42 Stat. 1509; June 26, 1946, ch. 502, 60 Stat. 317; Dec. 18, 1989, Pub. L. 101–237, title V, §503, 103 Stat. 2094.
2101(b) 36:121 (2d par.). Mar. 4, 1923, ch. 283, §1 (2d par.), 42 Stat. 1509; June 26, 1946, ch. 502, 60 Stat. 317; July 25, 1956, ch. 721, §1, 70 Stat. 640; Oct. 21, 1970, Pub. L. 91–480, 84 Stat. 1081; Apr. 1, 1976, Pub. L. 94–256, 90 Stat. 301.
  36:121 (last par.). Mar. 4, 1923, ch. 283, §1 (last par.), 42 Stat. 1509; June 26, 1946, ch. 502, 60 Stat. 317; July 25, 1956, ch. 721, §1, 70 Stat. 640.
2101(c) 36:122. Sept. 26, 1996, Pub. L. 104–204, title III, (2d proviso in par. under heading "American Battle Monuments Commission"), 110 Stat. 2907.

In subsection (a), the words "from time to time" are omitted as unnecessary.

In subsection (b), before clause (1), the text of 36:121 (last par.) is omitted as executed. In clauses (2) and (3), the word "same" is omitted as unnecessary. In clause (2), the words "authorized to be paid" are substituted for "prescribed" for consistency with clause (3) and 37:405.

Subsection (c) is based on 36:122 which is from the 2d proviso in the paragraph under the heading "American Battle Monuments Commission" in title III of the Departments of Veterans Affairs and Housing and Urban Development, and Independent Agencies Appropriations Act, 1997 (Public Law 104–204, 110 Stat. 2907). The provision has been repeated each year in prior appropriations acts and therefore is restated as a permanent provision. For prior provisions, see citations under 36:122 (1994 ed.). In the restatement, the words "in the same way as" are substituted for "as provided for" for clarity and consistency in the revised title.


Editorial Notes

Amendments

2022—Subsec. (b)(2). Pub. L. 117–263 substituted "section 405" for "section 475".

2013—Subsec. (b)(2). Pub. L. 112–239, §1076(a)(9), made technical amendment to directory language of Pub. L. 112–81, §631(f)(4)(B). See 2011 Amendment note below.

2011—Subsec. (b)(2). Pub. L. 112–81, §631(f)(4)(B), as amended by Pub. L. 112–239, §1076(a)(9), substituted "475" for "405".

1999—Subsec. (b)(2). Pub. L. 106–117, §604(1)(A), struck out ", United States Code," after "title 37".

Subsec. (b)(3). Pub. L. 106–117, §604(1)(B), struck out ", United States Code," after "title 5".


Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 2013 Amendment

Pub. L. 112–239, div. A, title X, §1076(a), Jan. 2, 2013, 126 Stat. 1947, provided that the amendment made by section 1076(a)(9) is effective Dec. 31, 2011, and as if included in Pub. L. 112–81 as enacted.

§2102. Employment of personnel

(a) General.—Within the limits of an appropriation made to employ personnel, the American Battle Monuments Commission may employ personnel necessary to carry out this chapter. To ensure adequate care and maintenance of cemeteries, monuments, and memorials, the Commission, subject to the availability of appropriations, shall employ—

(1) at least 50 individuals in the competitive service (as defined in section 2102 of title 5), of whom at least 43 shall be assigned to duty in foreign countries where the cemeteries, monuments, and memorials are located; and

(2) at least 348 individuals who are citizens of the countries where the cemeteries, monuments, and memorials are located.


(b) Detailed Personnel.—On request of the Commission, the heads of departments, agencies, and instrumentalities of the United States Government may make available to the Commission their personnel and facilities to assist in carrying out this chapter, and may expend for that purpose amounts appropriated to the department, agency, and instrumentality. The Commission shall reimburse the department, agency, or instrumentality for the pay and allowances of personnel made available to the Commission.

(c) Station Allowance for Officers Assigned to the Commission.—For officers of the Armed Forces assigned to the Commission, the same station allowance shall be authorized for serving at foreign stations as the Secretary of the Army has authorized for officers of the Army.

(d) Citizenship Requirement.—An individual may be employed as the superintendent, or as an assistant superintendent, of a cemetery operated by the Commission only if the individual is a citizen of the United States.

(Pub. L. 105–225, Aug. 12, 1998, 112 Stat. 1269; Pub. L. 105–354, §1(2), Nov. 3, 1998, 112 Stat. 3239; Pub. L. 106–117, title VI, §604(2), Nov. 30, 1999, 113 Stat. 1580.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Pub. L. 105–225
Revised

Section

Source (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
2102(a) 36:121 (3d par. 2d, 3d sentences). Mar. 4, 1923, ch. 283, §1 (3d par.), 42 Stat. 1509; June 26, 1946, ch. 502, 60 Stat. 317; July 25, 1956, ch. 721, §1, 70 Stat. 640; Oct. 18, 1978, Pub. L. 95–479, title III, §306, 92 Stat. 1566; Oct. 7, 1980, Pub. L. 96–385, title V, §506, 94 Stat. 1537.
2102(b) 36:121 (3d par. 1st sentence).

36:122a.

 

Sept. 26, 1996, Pub. L. 104–204, title III, (1st, last provisos in par. under heading "American Battle Monuments Commission"), 110 Stat. 2907.

2102(c) 36:121b.  
2102(d) 36:121 (3d par. last sentence).  

In subsection (a) before clause (1), the words "or appropriations" are omitted because of 1:1. The words "further" and "under the jurisdiction of the Commission" are omitted as unnecessary. In clause (2), the words "who shall be hired for local employment relating to the care and maintenance of such cemeteries, monuments, and memorials" are omitted as unnecessary.

Subsections (b) and (c) are based in part on 36:121b and 122a, which are from the first and last provisos in the paragraph under the heading "American Battle Monuments Commission" in title III of the Departments of Veterans Affairs and Housing and Urban Development, and Independent Agencies Appropriations Act, 1997 (Public Law 104–204, 110 Stat. 2907). The provisions have been repeated each year in prior appropriations acts and therefore are restated as permanent provisions. For prior provisions, see citations under 36:121b and 122a (1994 ed.).

In subsection (b), the words "departments, agencies, and instrumentalities" are substituted for "departments or agencies" and "departments, agencies, and services" in 36:121 and "agencies" in 36:122a for consistency in the revised title and with other titles of the United States Code. The words "or of the Army, Navy, Air Force, or Marine Corps" in 36:121 and "including the Armed Forces" in 36:122a are omitted as included in "department, agency, or instrumentality". The words "as the case may be" in 36:121 are omitted as unnecessary. The word "salary" in 36:122a is omitted as included in "pay".

In subsection (c), the words "Secretary of the Army" are substituted for "Department of the Army" because of 10:3013(a)(1).

Pub. L. 105–354

This amends section 2102(b) of title 36 to clarify the language.


Editorial Notes

Amendments

1999—Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 106–117 struck out ", United States Code" after "title 5".

1998—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 105–354 substituted "personnel made available to the Commission" for "designated personnel".

§2103. Administrative

(a) General Authority.—Subject to appropriations made to carry out this chapter, the American Battle Monuments Commission may—

(1) acquire land or an interest in land in a foreign country to carry out the purposes of this chapter, or an executive order conferring duties and powers on the Commission, without submission to the Attorney General under section 3111 of title 40;

(2) maintain, repair, and operate motor-propelled passenger-carrying vehicles and other property that another department, agency, or instrumentality of the United States Government provides to the Commission;

(3) establish offices in the District of Columbia and elsewhere in or outside the United States;

(4) rent office and garage space, which may be paid for in advance, in foreign countries; and

(5) procure printing, binding, engraving, lithographing, photographing, and typewriting, including the publication of information on United States activities, battlefields, memorials, and cemeteries with respect to which the Commission may exercise any duties and powers.


(b) Disposition of Land.—Under conditions and in the manner the Commission decides is proper, the Commission may dispose of land or an interest in land in a foreign country that the Commission acquires in connection with its work.

(c) Contracting Out.—Notwithstanding the requirements of existing laws or regulations, the Commission, under conditions the Commission decides are necessary and proper, may contract for work, supplies, materials, and equipment outside or for use outside the United States and engage the services of architects and other technical and professional personnel.

(d) Delegation.—Under conditions the Commission may prescribe, the Commission may delegate to its Chairman, secretary, or officials in charge of any of its offices any of its authority it considers necessary and proper.

(e) Solicitation and Receipt of Contributions.—(1) The Commission may solicit and receive funds and in-kind donations and gifts from any State, municipal, or private source to carry out the purposes of this chapter. The Commission shall deposit such funds in a separate account in the Treasury. Funds from that account shall be disbursed upon vouchers approved by the Chairman of the Commission.

(2) The Commission shall establish written guidelines setting forth the criteria to be used in determining whether the acceptance of funds and in-kind donations and gifts under paragraph (1) would—

(A) reflect unfavorably on the ability of the Commission, or any member or employee of the Commission, to carry out the responsibilities or official duties of the Commission in a fair and objective manner; or

(B) compromise the integrity or the appearance of the integrity of the programs of the Commission or any official involved in those programs.


(f) Limitation on Use of Contributions.—The Commission may not obligate, withdraw, or expend amounts received as contributions before March 1, 1998.

(g) Statements to President.—The Commission shall transmit to the President on October 1 of each year a statement of all its financial and other transactions during the prior fiscal year.

(h) Financial Statements and Audits.—The Commission shall have a system of financial controls to enable the Commission to comply with the requirements of section 3515 of title 31 and with section 2106(d)(4) of this title.

(i) Disposition of Records and Archives.—When no longer required by the Commission, the records and archives of the Commission shall be deposited with the National Archives in accordance with section 2107 of title 44.

(j) Seal.—The Commission shall have a seal that shall be judicially noticed.

(k) Disbursements Outside Continental United States.—Disbursements for expenditures outside the continental United States may be made by a special disbursing agent designated by the Commission under regulations it prescribes.

(Pub. L. 105–225, Aug. 12, 1998, 112 Stat. 1270; Pub. L. 106–117, title VI, §§602, 604(3), Nov. 30, 1999, 113 Stat. 1578, 1580; Pub. L. 107–217, §3(i)(1), Aug. 21, 2002, 116 Stat. 1300; Pub. L. 112–234, §2(g), Dec. 28, 2012, 126 Stat. 1625.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised

Section

Source (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
2103(a) 36:138b (1st par.). Mar. 4, 1923, ch. 283, §12 (1st–3d, last pars.), 42 Stat. 1509; June 26, 1946, ch. 502, 60 Stat. 317; July 25, 1956, ch. 721, §§2(c), (d), 4(c)(1), (2), 70 Stat. 640, 641.
2103(b) 36:137. Feb. 11, 1927, ch. 104, §1 (5th proviso in par. under heading "American Battle Monuments Commission"), 44 Stat. 1071.
  36:138b (3d par.).  
2103(c) 36:138b (2d par.).  
2103(d) 36:138b (last par.).  
2103(e) 36:128. Mar. 4, 1923, ch. 283, §7, 42 Stat. 1509; June 26, 1946, ch. 502, 60 Stat. 317.
2103(f) 36:138d(c). Mar. 4, 1923, ch. 283, §14, as added Oct. 9, 1996, Pub. L. 104–275, title VI, §602(b), 110 Stat. 3345.
2103(g) 36:131. Mar. 4, 1923, ch. 283, §8, 42 Stat. 1509; June 26, 1946, ch. 502, 60 Stat. 317; July 25, 1956, ch. 721, §2(c), (d), 70 Stat. 640; Apr. 21, 1976, Pub. L. 94–273, §3(19), 90 Stat. 377.
2103(h) 36:138d(a), (b).  
2103(i) 36:138. Mar. 4, 1923, ch. 283, §9, 42 Stat. 1509; June 26, 1946, ch. 502, 60 Stat. 317; July 25, 1956, ch. 721, §§2(c), (d), 4(a), 70 Stat. 640, 641.
2103(j) 36:136. Feb. 11, 1927, ch. 104, §1 (3d proviso in par. under heading "American Battle Monuments Commission"), 44 Stat. 1071.
2103(k) 36:133. Feb. 11, 1927, ch. 104, §1 (last proviso in par. under heading "American Battle Monuments Commission"), 44 Stat. 1071.

In this section, the word "terms" is omitted as included in "conditions".

In subsection (a), before clause (1), the words "or appropriations" are omitted because of 1:1. In clauses (1) and (5), the words "duties and powers" are substituted for "functions" for consistency in the revised title and with other titles of the United States Code. In clause (2), the words "department, agency, or instrumentality" are substituted for "departments" for consistency in the revised title and with other titles of the Code.

In subsection (b), the text of 36:137 is omitted as superseded. The words "which has been or may after June 26, 1946, be" and "Provided, That this subsection shall not be effective until the expiration of the Surplus Property Act of 1944" are omitted as obsolete. Section 38 of the Surplus Property Act of 1944 (ch. 479, 58 Stat. 784) provided that the Act was to expire 3 years after the cessation of hostilities of World War II. The cessation of hostilities was proclaimed on December 31, 1946, by Proclamation No. 2714, 12 Fed. Reg. 1. However, section 602(a)(1) of the Federal Property and Administrative Services Act of 1949 (ch. 288, 63 Stat. 399) [renumbered by section 6(a) and (b) of the Act of September 5, 1950 (ch. 849, 64 Stat. 583)] repealed the Surplus Property Act of 1944 effective July 1, 1949 (except for sections 13(d), (g), and (h), 28, and 32(b)(2)). Section 13(d), concerning power transmission lines, and section 13(g), concerning property for public airports, do not involve the American Battle Monuments Commission. Section 13(h) was repealed by section 2 of the Act of August 4, 1972 (Public Law 92–362, 86 Stat. 504). Section 28 was repealed by section 21 of the Act of June 25, 1948 (ch. 645, 62 Stat. 868). Section 32(b)(2) was repealed by section 111(a)(1) of the Mutual Educational and Cultural Exchange Act of 1961 (Public Law 87–256, 75 Stat. 538).

In subsection (c), the words "in its discretion", "by contract or otherwise", and "firms of architects" are omitted as unnecessary.


Editorial Notes

Amendments

2012—Subsec. (h). Pub. L. 112–234 substituted "of section 3515 of title 31" for "of paragraph (2) of this subsection", struck out par. (1) designation before "The Commission", and struck out par. (2) which required the Commission to prepare and submit a financial statement by March 1 of each year beginning with 1998 and to obtain an audit by the Comptroller General of each such financial statement.

2002—Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 107–217 substituted "section 3111 of title 40" for "section 355 of the Revised Statutes (40 U.S.C. 255)".

1999—Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 106–117, §604(3)(C), substituted "Chairman" for "chairman".

Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 106–117, §602, amended heading and text of subsec. (e) generally. Prior to amendment, text read as follows: "The Commission may receive State, local, or private amounts to carry out this chapter. The Commission shall deposit the amounts with the Treasurer of the United States. The Treasurer shall keep the amounts in separate accounts and shall disburse the amounts on vouchers approved by the chairman."

Subsec. (h)(2)(A)(i). Pub. L. 106–117, §604(3)(A), struck out ", United States Code" after "title 31".

Subsec. (i). Pub. L. 106–117, §604(3)(B), struck out ", United States Code" after "title 44".

§2104. Military cemeteries in foreign countries

When, as a result of combat operations, the Armed Forces establish military cemeteries in zones of operations outside the United States and the territories and possessions of the United States, the American Battle Monuments Commission and the Secretary of the Army, immediately on the cessation of hostilities, shall decide which of the cemeteries will become permanent cemeteries or, if they decide it is desirable, shall select new sites for the cemeteries at any other location. The Commission is solely responsible for the design and construction of the permanent cemeteries, and of all buildings, plantings, headstones, and other permanent improvements incidental to the cemeteries, except that—

(1) the Armed Forces are responsible for maintaining the permanent cemeteries until the Commission declares its readiness to assume the authorized administrative duties and powers;

(2) all construction undertaken by the Armed Forces in establishing and maintaining the cemetery prior to its transfer to the Commission shall be nonpermanent;

(3) burials and reburials by the Armed Forces shall be carried out in accordance with plans prepared by the Commission; and

(4) the Armed Forces have the right to re-enter a cemetery transferred to the Commission to exhume or re-inter a body if they decide it is necessary.

(Pub. L. 105–225, Aug. 12, 1998, 112 Stat. 1271.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised

Section

Source (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
2104 36:122b. Mar. 4, 1923, ch. 283, §2, as added July 25, 1956, ch. 721, §3(a), 70 Stat. 640.

In this section, before clause (1), the words "so established, if any" are omitted as unnecessary. In clause (1), the words "such time as" are omitted as unnecessary. The words "duties and powers" are substituted for "functions" for consistency in the revised title and with other titles of the United States Code. In clause (2), the words "in nature" are omitted as unnecessary.


Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Restoration, Operation, and Maintenance of Clark Veterans Cemetery

Pub. L. 112–260, title I, §106, Jan. 10, 2013, 126 Stat. 2421, provided that:

"(a) In General.—After an agreement is made between the Government of the Republic of the Philippines and the United States Government, Clark Veterans Cemetery in the Republic of the Philippines shall be treated, for purposes of section 2104 of title 36, United States Code, as a cemetery for which it was decided under such section that the cemetery will become a permanent cemetery and the American Battle Monuments Commission shall restore, operate, and maintain Clark Veterans Cemetery (to the degree the Commission considers appropriate) under such section in cooperation with the Government of the Republic of the Philippines.

"(b) Limitation on Future Burials.—Burials at the cemetery described in subsection (a) after the date of the agreement described in such subsection shall be limited to eligible veterans, as determined by the Commission, whose burial does not incur any cost to the Commission.

"(c) Authorization of Appropriations.—There are authorized to be appropriated to the Commission—

"(1) $5,000,000 for site preparation, design, planning, construction, and associated administrative costs for the restoration of the cemetery described in subsection (a); and

"(2) amounts necessary to operate and maintain the cemetery described in subsection (a)."

§2105. Monuments built by the United States Government

(a) Memorials.—The American Battle Monuments Commission shall prepare plans and estimates to build suitable memorials commemorating the service of American Armed Forces, and shall build and maintain memorials in the United States and, as the Commission decides, at any place outside the United States where the Armed Forces have served since April 6, 1917.

(b) Architecture and Art.—The Commission shall build and maintain works of architecture and art in United States cemeteries located outside the United States and the territories and possessions of the United States that are permanent cemeteries. The Secretary of Veterans Affairs shall maintain works of architecture and art built by the Commission in the National Cemetery Administration, as described in section 2400(b) of title 38.

(c) Control and Supervision of Materials, Design, and Building.—(1) The Commission shall control the materials and design and prescribe regulations for, and supervise the building of, all memorial monuments and buildings in United States cemeteries located outside the United States and the territories and possessions of the United States.

(2) The Commission shall control the design and prescribe regulations for the building of all memorial monuments and buildings commemorating the service of American Armed Forces that are built in a foreign country or political division of the foreign country that authorizes the Commission to carry out those duties and powers.

(d) Approval by National Commission of Fine Arts.—A design for a memorial must be approved by the National Commission of Fine Arts before the Commission can accept it.

(Pub. L. 105–225, Aug. 12, 1998, 112 Stat. 1271; Pub. L. 105–368, title IV, §403(d)(1), Nov. 11, 1998, 112 Stat. 3339.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised

Section

Source (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
2105(a) 36:123 (1st par. 1st sentence). Mar. 4, 1923, ch. 283, §3, 42 Stat. 1509; June 26, 1946, ch. 502, 60 Stat. 317; July 25, 1956, ch. 721, §§2(b), (d), 3(b), 70 Stat. 640, 641.
2105(b) 36:123 (1st par. 2d, last sentences).  
2105(c) 36:123 (2d, last pars.).  
2105(d) 36:124. Mar. 4, 1923, ch. 283, §4, 42 Stat. 1510; June 26, 1946, ch. 502, 60 Stat. 317; July 25, 1956, ch. 721, §§2(b), (d), 3(c), 70 Stat. 640, 641.

In subsections (a) and (c)(2), the word "American" is omitted as unnecessary.

In subsection (a), the words "or shall hereafter serve" are omitted as obsolete.

In subsection (b), the words "Secretatry [sic] of Veterans Affairs" are substituted for "Department of Defense", and the words "the National Cemetery System, as described in section 2400(b) of title 38" are substituted for "cemeteries within the United States, its Territories and possessions", because of section 6 of the National Cemeteries Act of 1973 (Public Law 93-43, 38 U.S.C. 2404 note), which transferred jurisdiction over and responsibility for the national cemeteries (with certain exceptions) from the Secretary of the Army to the Administrator of Veterans' Affairs.

In subsection (c)(2), the words "duties and powers" are substituted for "functions" for consistency in the revised title and with other titles of the United States Code.


Editorial Notes

Amendments

1998—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 105–368 substituted "National Cemetery Administration" for "National Cemetery System".

§2106. War memorials not built by the United States Government

(a) Cooperation With Others.—The American Battle Monuments Commission may cooperate with citizens of the United States, States, municipalities, or associations desiring to build war memorials outside the continental limits of the United States in the way the Commission decides. An administrative agency of the United States Government may give assistance to build the memorial only if a plan for the memorial has been approved under this chapter.

(b) Control, Administration, and Maintenance of War Memorials.—(1) The Commission may assume responsibility for the control, administration, and maintenance of any war memorial built outside the United States by a citizen of the United States, a State, a political subdivision of a State, a governmental authority (except a department, agency, or instrumentality of the United States Government), a foreign agency, or a private association to commemorate the services of any of the Armed Forces in hostilities occurring since April 6, 1917, if—

(A) the memorial is not built on the territory of the applicable former enemy; and

(B) the sponsors of the memorial consent to the Commission assuming those responsibilities and transfer to the Commission all their rights and interests in the memorial.


(2) If reasonable effort fails to locate the sponsors of a memorial, the Commission may assume responsibility for the memorial under this subsection by agreement with the appropriate foreign authorities. A decision of the Commission to assume responsibility for a war memorial under this subsection is final.

(3) Sponsors of a war memorial for which the Commission assumes responsibility under this subsection may transfer amounts accumulated to maintain and repair the memorial to the Commission for use in carrying out this chapter. Except as provided in subsection (c) of this section, the Commission shall deposit transferred amounts as provided in section 2103(e) of this title.

(c) Arrangements for Repair or Long-Term Maintenance of Memorials.—In assuming responsibility for a war memorial under subsection (b)(1) or (2) of this section, the Commission may arrange with the sponsors of the memorial to provide for repair or long-term maintenance of the memorial. An amount transferred to the Commission for the purpose of this subsection shall be deposited by the Commission in the fund established under subsection (d) of this section.

(d) Fund for Arrangements for Repair or Long-Term Maintenance of Memorials.—(1) There is a fund in the Treasury that is available to the Commission for expenses of repair and long-term maintenance of memorials for which the Commission has made arrangements under subsection (c) of this section. The fund consists of—

(A) amounts deposited into, and interest and proceeds credited to, the fund under paragraph (2) of this subsection; and

(B) obligations obtained under paragraph (3) of this subsection.


(2) The Commission shall deposit into the fund the amounts that are accepted under subsection (c) of this section. The Secretary of the Treasury shall credit to the fund the interest on, and the proceeds from the sale or redemption of, obligations held in the fund.

(3) The Secretary shall invest any part of the fund that the Commission decides is not required to meet current expenses. Each investment shall be made in an interest-bearing obligation of the United States Government, or an obligation that has its principal and interest guaranteed by the Government, that the Commission decides has a maturity suitable for the fund.

(4) The Commission shall separately account for all amounts deposited in and expended from the fund for each war memorial for which an arrangement for repair or long-term maintenance is made under subsection (c) of this section.

(e) Demolition of War Memorial Built in a Foreign Country and Disposition of Site.—The Commission may take necessary action to demolish any war memorial built outside the United States by a citizen of the United States, a State, a political subdivision of a State, a governmental authority (except a department, agency, or instrumentality of the United States Government), a foreign agency, or a private association and to dispose of the site of the memorial in a way the Commission decides is proper, if—

(1) the appropriate foreign authorities agree to the demolition; and

(2)(A) the sponsor of the memorial consents to the demolition; or

(B) the memorial has fallen into disrepair and a reasonable effort by the Commission has failed—

(i) to persuade the sponsor to maintain the memorial at a standard acceptable to the Commission; or

(ii) to locate the sponsor.

(Pub. L. 105–225, Aug. 12, 1998, 112 Stat. 1272.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised

Section

Source (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
2106(a) 36:125(a). Mar. 4, 1923, ch. 283, §5(a), 42 Stat. 1509; June 26, 1946, ch. 502, 60 Stat. 317; July 25, 1956, ch. 721, §2(b), (d), 70 Stat. 640; Jan. 2, 1974, Pub. L. 93–244, 87 Stat. 1070.
2106(b)(1) 36:125(b)(1) (1st sentence), (d). Mar. 4, 1923, ch. 283, §5(b)–(d), as added Jan. 2, 1974, Pub. L. 93–244, 87 Stat. 1070; Oct. 9, 1996, Pub. L. 104–275, title VI, §602(a), 110 Stat. 3344.
2106(b)(2) 36:125(b)(1) (last sentence), (d).  
2106(b)(3) 36:125(b)(2)(A), (d).  
2106(c) 36:125(b)(2)(B), (d).  
2106(d) 36:125(b)(3).  
2106(e) 36:125(c), (d).  

In subsections (b), (c), and (e), the text of 36:125(d) is omitted as unnecessary.

In subsection (b)(1), before clause (A), the words "in its discretion" and "before, on, or after the effective date of this subsection" are omitted as unnecessary. The words "governmental authority (except a department, agency, or instrumentality of the United States Government)" are substituted for "non-Federal governmental agency" for consistency in the revised title and with other titles of the United States Code. In clause (B), the word "title" is omitted as included in "rights".


Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Maintenance and Repair of Pacific Battle Monuments

Pub. L. 103–160, div. A, title III, §369, Nov. 30, 1993, 107 Stat. 1634, provided that:

"(a) Authority.—The Commandant of the Marine Corps may provide necessary minor maintenance and repairs to the Pacific battle monuments until such time as the Secretary of the American Battle Monuments Commission and the Commandant of the Marine Corps agree that the repair and maintenance will be performed by the American Battle Monuments Commission.

"(b) Funding.—Of the amounts authorized to be appropriated to the Marine Corps for operation and maintenance in a fiscal year, not more than $15,000 may be made available to repair and maintain Pacific battle monuments, except that of the amounts available to the Marine Corps for operation and maintenance in fiscal year 1994, $150,000 may be made available to repair and relocate a monument located on Iwo Jima commemorating the heroic efforts of United States military personnel during World War II."

§2107. National Memorial Cemetery of the Pacific

With the consent of the Secretary of Veterans Affairs, the American Battle Monuments Commission may build works of architecture and art in the National Memorial Cemetery of the Pacific.

(Pub. L. 105–225, Aug. 12, 1998, 112 Stat. 1274.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised

Section

Source (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
2107 36:125a. June 24, 1954, ch. 359, §101 (1st proviso in last par. under heading "American Battle Monuments Commission"), 68 Stat. 275.

The words "Secretary of Veterans Affairs" are substituted for "Secretary of the Army" because of section 6 of the National Cemeteries Act of 1973 (Public Law 93–43, 38 U.S.C. 2404 note), which transferred jurisdiction over and responsibility for the national cemeteries (with certain exceptions) from the Secretary of the Army to the Administrator of Veterans' Affairs. The words "as may be determined by the Commission" are omitted as unnecessary.

§2108. Pacific War Memorial and other historical and memorial sites on Corregidor

(a) General.—After an agreement is made between the Government of the Republic of the Philippines and the United States Government, the American Battle Monuments Commission shall restore, operate, and maintain the Pacific War Memorial and other historical and memorial sites on Corregidor.

(b) Personnel.—The Commission may employ necessary personnel to carry out this section.

(c) Use of Other Departments, Agencies, and Instrumentalities.—Departments, agencies, and instrumentalities of the United States Government may assist the Commission, on a reimbursable basis, in carrying out this section.

(d) Authority To Solicit Contributions.—To carry out this section, the Commission may solicit and accept private contributions and shall deposit the contributions in the fund established by subsection (f) of this section.

(e) Use of Private Amounts.—The Commission shall carry out this section with private amounts except to the extent amounts are appropriated under subsection (g) of this section.

(f) Fund.—(1) There is a fund in the Treasury that is available to the Commission only to carry out this section. The fund consists of—

(A) amounts deposited into, and interest and proceeds credited to, the fund under paragraph (2) of this subsection; and

(B) obligations obtained under paragraph (3) of this subsection.


(2) The Chairman of the Commission shall deposit into the fund the amounts that are accepted under subsection (d) of this section. The Secretary of the Treasury shall credit to the fund the interest on, and the proceeds from the sale or redemption of, obligations held in the fund.

(3) The Secretary shall invest any part of the fund that the Chairman decides is not required to meet current expenses. Each investment shall be made in an interest-bearing obligation of the United States Government, or an obligation that has its principal and interest guaranteed by the Government, that the Chairman decides has a maturity suitable for the fund.

(4) Amounts in the fund exceeding the cost of carrying out this section, as decided by the Chairman, shall be deposited in the Treasury as miscellaneous receipts to reimburse the United States Government for amounts appropriated under subsection (g) of this section.

(g) Authorization of Appropriations.—There are authorized to be appropriated—

(1) $6,000,000 for site preparation, design, planning, construction, and associated administrative costs for the restoration of the Memorial and other historical and memorial sites referred to in subsection (a) of this section; and

(2) amounts necessary to operate and maintain the Memorial and those other historical and memorial sites.

(Pub. L. 105–225, Aug. 12, 1998, 112 Stat. 1274.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised

Section

Source (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
2108(a) 36:125b(a), (b). Nov. 18, 1988, Pub. L. 100–687, title XVI, §1602, 102 Stat. 4137.
2108(b) 36:125b(c).  
2108(c) 36:125b(d).  
2108(d) 36:125b(f).  
2108(e) 36:125b(e).  
2108(f) 36:125b(g).  
2108(g) 36:125b(h).  

§2109. Foreign Currency Fluctuations Account

(a) Establishment and Purpose.—There is an account in the Treasury known as the "Foreign Currency Fluctuations, American Battle Monuments Commission, Account". The Account shall be used to provide amounts, in addition to amounts appropriated for salaries and expenses of the Commission, to pay the cost of salaries and expenses that exceeds the amount appropriated for salaries and expenses because of fluctuations in currency exchange rates of foreign countries occurring after a budget request for the Commission is submitted to Congress. The Account may not be used for any other purpose.

(b) Increase in Permissible Obligations of Amounts.—A provision of law limiting the amounts the Commission may obligate in a fiscal year shall be increased to the extent necessary to reflect fluctuations in exchange rates from those used in preparing the budget submission.

(c) Transferred Amounts.—(1) Amounts in the Account may be transferred to amounts appropriated for salaries and expenses of the Commission. Transferred amounts shall be merged with, and are available for the same time period as, the appropriation to which they are applied.

(2) Amounts transferred from the Account may be transferred back—

(A) if the amounts are not needed to pay obligations incurred because of fluctuations in currency exchange rates of foreign countries in the appropriation to which the amounts were originally transferred; or

(B) because of subsequent favorable fluctuations in the rates or because other amounts are, or become, available to pay the obligations.


(3) Amounts transferred to an appropriation under this subsection may not be transferred back to the Account after the end of the 2d fiscal year after the fiscal year in which the appropriation was available for obligation.

(d) Recording of Obligations and Fluctuations in Exchange Rates.—An obligation of the Commission payable in the currency of a foreign country may be recorded as an obligation based on exchange rates used in preparing a budget submission. A change reflecting fluctuations in exchange rates may be recorded as a disbursement is made.

(e) Unobligated Balances.—The unobligated balance of an appropriation for salaries and expenses may be transferred to the Account not later than the end of the second fiscal year following the fiscal year for which the appropriation was made. The unobligated balance shall be merged with, and be available for the same period and purposes as, the Account.

(f) Annual Report.—The Commission each year shall submit to the appropriate committees of Congress a report on amounts transferred under this section.

(g) Authorization of Appropriations.—There is authorized to be appropriated $3,000,000 to the Account.

(Pub. L. 105–225, Aug. 12, 1998, 112 Stat. 1275.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised

Section

Source (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
2109(a) 36:138c(a) (1st–3d sentences). Mar. 4, 1923, ch. 283, §13, as added May 20, 1988, Pub. L. 100–322, title III, §345(a), 102 Stat. 540.
2109(b) 36:138c(b) (last sentence).  
2109(c)(1) 36:138c(a) (last sentence), (b) (1st sentence).  
2109(c)(2) 36:138c(d).  
2109(c)(3) 36:138c(e).  
2109(d) 36:138c(c).  
2109(e) 36:138c(f).  
2109(f) 36:138c(g).  
2109(g) 36:138c note. May 20, 1988, Pub. L. 100–322, title III, §345(b), 102 Stat. 540.

§2110. Claims against the Commission

A claim against the American Battle Monuments Commission that is similar to a claim described in section 2734 of title 10, that is based on damage to, or loss or destruction of, property, or personal injury or death of an individual, and that is caused by the negligent or wrongful act or omission of an officer or civilian employee of the Commission acting within the scope of the officer's or employee's office or employment, may be settled, decided, and paid as provided in section 2734 for the settlement of Army claims. However, the Secretary of the Army may appoint an officer or employee of the Commission to a claims commission or as an officer to approve settlements of claims made by the claims commission. All payments in settlement of a claim shall be made out of appropriations made to carry out this chapter.

(Pub. L. 105–225, Aug. 12, 1998, 112 Stat. 1276.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised

Section

Source (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
2110 36:138b (4th par.). Mar. 4, 1923, ch. 283, §12 (4th par.), 42 Stat. 1509; June 26, 1946, ch. 502, 60 Stat. 317; July 25, 1956, ch. 721, §§2(c), (d), 4(c)(3), 70 Stat. 640, 642.

The words "section 2734 of title 10" and "section 2734" are substituted for "the first section of the Act entitled 'An Act to provide for the prompt settlement of claims for damages occasioned by Army, Navy, and Marine Corps forces in foreign countries', approved January 2, 1942 (55 Stat. 880, as amended; 31 U.S.C. 224d)" and "such Act", respectively, in section 12 (4th par.) of the Act of March 4, 1923 (ch. 283), as added by section 4(c)(3) of the Act of July 25, 1956 (ch. 721, 70 Stat. 642), because of section 49(b) of the Act of August 10, 1956 (ch. 1041, 70A Stat. 640). The 1942 law enacted former 31:224d, 224h, and 224i. Those sections subsequently were codified as 10:2734 and repealed by the Act of August 10, 1956 (ch. 1041, 70A Stat. 154, 672). The words "both real and personal" are omitted as unnecessary. The words "on or after July 25, 1956" are omitted as obsolete. The words "or commissions" are omitted because of 1:1. The words "settled, decided" are substituted for "considered, ascertained, adjusted, determined" to eliminate unnecessary words.

§2111. Presidential duties and powers

(a) Arrangements With Foreign Countries.—The President is requested to make the necessary arrangements with the proper authorities of the appropriate foreign countries to enable the American Battle Monuments Commission to carry out this chapter.

(b) Transfer of Administrative Duties and Powers and Supplies, Material, and Equipment to Commission.—(1) The President by executive order may transfer to the Commission—

(A) the same administrative duties and powers related to a permanent military cemetery located outside the United States and the territories and possessions of the United States that were transferred to the Commission by Executive Order 6614, February 26, 1934, and Executive Order 10057, May 14, 1949, as amended by Executive Order 10087, December 3, 1949; and

(B) supplies, material, and equipment located in the permanent military cemetery or in a military depot overseas that—

(i) the Department of Defense does not need; and

(ii) the Commission requests to carry out the duties and powers specified in clause (A) of this paragraph.


(2) After a transfer under this subsection, the Commission shall maintain the cemetery and all improvements in it.

(Pub. L. 105–225, Aug. 12, 1998, 112 Stat. 1276.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised

Section

Source (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
2111(a) 36:127. Mar. 4, 1923, ch. 283, §6, 42 Stat. 1509; June 26, 1946, ch. 502, 60 Stat. 317.
2111(b) 36:132. Mar. 4, 1923, ch. 283, §10, 42 Stat. 1509; June 26, 1946, ch. 502, 60 Stat. 317; July 25, 1956, ch. 721, §§2(c), (d), 4(b), 70 Stat. 640, 641.

In subsection (b)(1), the words "duties and powers" are substituted for "functions" for consistency in the revised title and with other titles of the United States Code.


Editorial Notes

References in Text

Executive Order 6614, referred to in subsec. (b)(1)(A), is not classified to the Code.

Executive Order 10057, referred to in subsec. (b)(1)(A), is set out below.


Executive Documents

Ex. Ord. No. 9873. Administration of the Mexico City National Cemetery

Ex. Ord. No. 9873, July 16, 1947, 12 F.R. 4777, provided:

By virtue of the authority vested in me by section 12 of the act of March 4, 1923, as amended by the act of June 26, 1946, 60 Stat. 318 [now subsec. (b) of this section], and as President of the United States, it is hereby ordered as follows:

1. All functions of administration pertaining to the Mexico City National Cemetery, located in Mexico City, Calazada, Molchor, Ocampo 31, Mexico, DF, now vested in or exercised by the War Department, together with the field civilian personnel, records, supplies, equipment, and property of every kind pertaining thereto, are hereby transferred from the War Department to the American Battle Monuments Commission.

2. The unexpended balances of appropriations or allotments of appropriations which are now, or may become, available to the War Department for the performance of the functions transferred by this order shall be transferred to the American Battle Monuments Commission to such extent as the Director of the Bureau of the Budget may deem necessary.

Ex. Ord. No. 10057. Transfer of Certain Functions Pertaining to United States Military Cemeteries

Ex. Ord. No. 10057, May 14, 1949, 14 F.R. 2585, as amended by Ex. Ord. No. 10087, Dec. 3, 1949, 14 F.R. 7287, provided:

By virtue of the authority vested in me by section 12 of the act of March 4, 1923, 42 Stat. 1509, as amended by the act of June 26, 1946, 60 Stat. 318 [now subsec. (b) of this section], and as President of the United States, it is hereby ordered as follows:

1. All functions of administration pertaining to World War II United States Military Cemeteries located in or near Cambridge, England; Margraten, the Netherlands; Hamm, Luxembourg; Henri-Chapelle, Belgium; Neuvilleen-Condroz, Belgium; St. Laurent, France; St. James, France; Epinal, France; St. Avold, France; Draguignan, France; Nettuno (Anzio), Italy; Florence, Italy; Tunis (Carthage), Tunisia; and Ft. McKinley, Philippine Islands, now vested in or exercised by the Secretary of the Army pursuant to the act of May 16, 1946, c. 261, 60 Stat. 182, as amended by the act of August 5, 1947, c. 497, 61 Stat. 779, together with (a) such supplies, equipment, temporary structures, utilities and facilities pertaining thereto as are located therein or are in depots or other places overseas under the jurisdiction of the American Graves Registration Service and are determined by the American Battle Monuments Commission to be required for the discharge of its responsibilities under this order, and (b) the cemetery records currently maintained for the operation of such cemeteries, including records pertinent to the acquisition of real estate upon which the cemeteries and their appurtenances are situated, are hereby transferred to the American Battle Monuments Commission; such transfer to become effective as to any particular cemetery or group of cemeteries upon the completion of the operational mission of the Department of the Army with respect to such cemetery or group of cemeteries, but in no instance later than December 31, 1951, or at such earlier date as may be determined by the President or the Congress pursuant to the said act of May 16, 1946, as amended by the act of August 5, 1947.

2. The Department of the Army shall have the right to re-enter any of such cemeteries subsequent to the effective date of the transfer of functions with respect thereto for the purpose of making exhumations or reinterments should any such action become necessary.

3. There shall be transferred to the American Battle Monuments Commission so much of the unexpended balances of appropriations now, or which may become, available to the Department of the Army for the performance of the functions transferred by the provisions of this order as the Director of the Bureau of the Budget may deem necessary for use prior to July 1, 1950, in connection with such functions.

Ex. Ord. No. 12115. Permanent American Cemetery in Republic of Panama

Ex. Ord. No. 12115, Jan. 19, 1979, 44 F.R. 4645, provided:

By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and the laws of the United States of America, including Section 10 of the Act of March 4, 1923 (42 Stat. 1509), as amended (36 U.S.C. 132) [now subsec. (b) of this section], and to implement the intent of the United States Senate (124 Cong. Rec. S3857 of March 16, 1978) [Cong. Rec., vol. 124, pt. 6, p. 7187, Mar. 16, 1978] as set forth by Reservations (1) and (3) to the Resolution of Ratification of the Treaty Concerning the Permanent Neutrality and Operation of the Panama Canal, it is hereby ordered as follows:

1–101. The Secretary of State shall take all appropriate steps to complete, prior to the date of entry into force of the Treaty Concerning the Permanent Neutrality and Operation of the Panama Canal, hereinafter referred to as the Neutrality Treaty, the negotiations which have begun with the Republic of Panama for an agreement under which the United States of America would, upon the date of entry into force of such agreement and thereafter, administer as a permanent American cemetery such part of Corozal Cemetery as encompasses the remains of citizens of the United States of America.

1–102. Subject to the conclusion of the agreement referred to in Section 1–101 of this Order, the American Battle Monuments Commission shall administer that part of Corozal Cemetery which encompasses the remains of citizens of the United States of America, in accordance with the terms of the agreement with the Republic of Panama.

1–103. The Governor of the Canal Zone shall, to the extent funds are available, disinter from Mount Hope Cemetery, before entry into force of the Neutrality Treaty, and reinter in Corozal Cemetery the remains of United States citizens, and the remains of members of their immediate family that are buried with them. The Governor shall not remove from Mount Hope Cemetery the remains of any such person whose next of kin timely requests in writing that such remains not be disinterred. The Governor shall transport to the United States for reinterment the remains of any such person whose next of kin timely requests in writing that such remains be transported to the United States for reinterment.

1–104. The Secretary of Defense shall, to the extent funds are available, disinter from Corozal Cemetery and transport to the United States for reinterment the remains of United States citizens, and the remains of members of their immediate family buried with them, whose next of kin requests in writing by April 1, 1982, that such remains be transported to the United States for reinterment.

1–105. Subject to the availability of funds, all the costs incurred in the disinterment, reinterment in Corozal Cemetery, and transportation of remains required by this Order, including the costs of preparation, cremation if requested, and a casket or urn, shall be borne by the United States of America. The costs of reinterment in the United States, including any costs for funeral home services, vaults, plots, or crypts, will be the responsibility of the next of kin making the request, except to the extent otherwise provided by law, including any unused specific entitlements available pursuant to statute.

1–106. (a) The Governor of the Canal Zone shall identify, to the extent feasible, the closest surviving next of kin of each deceased United States citizen buried in the Mount Hope and Corozal Cemeteries, and of such next of kin of each member of the immediate family that is buried with such United States citizen.

(b) The Governor shall provide notice to the next of kin of such deceased buried in Mount Hope Cemetery that the Government plans to remove the deceased to Corozal Cemetery unless the next of kin requests in writing, not later than three months after the first issuance of such notification, either that the remains not be removed from Mount Hope Cemetery, or that the remains be moved to, and reinterred in, the United States in a cemetery or other burial site designated by the next of kin.

(c) The Governor shall also provide notice to the next of kin of such deceased who are buried in Corozal Cemetery that the Government will disinter and transport such deceased to the United States for reinterment in a cemetery or other burial site designated by the next of kin, if the next of kin so requests in writing not later than April 1, 1982.

(d) The Governor shall publish the notices provided for in subsections (b) and (c) of this Section in appropriate newspapers, magazines and other periodicals, and utilize such other means of communicating with the next of kin that he finds to be practical and effective.

1–107. The Governor of the Canal Zone shall, before the entry into force of the Neutrality Treaty, fully advise the next of kin of all available options, and their implications, in those cases where a request has been made that remains not be removed from Mount Hope Cemetery.

1–108. The Secretary of the Army shall supervise the planned removal of the remains from Mount Hope Cemetery to Corozal Cemetery and shall ensure compliance with the wishes of any next of kin who, within the time specified in clause B(i) to the Third Reservation to the Neutrality Treaty, objects to such removal.

1–109. As used in this Order:

(a) "Next of kin" means the person whom the Governor of the Canal Zone determines to be the nearest living relative, by consanguinity or affinity, of a person buried at Mount Hope Cemetery or Corozal Cemetery.

(b) "Members of their immediate family" means the spouse, children, mother or father of the deceased United States citizen.

Jimmy Carter.      

§2112. Care and maintenance of Surrender Tree site

The American Battle Monuments Commission is responsible for the care and maintenance of the Surrender Tree site in Santiago, Cuba.

(Pub. L. 105–225, Aug. 12, 1998, 112 Stat. 1276.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised

Section

Source (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
2112 36:123 note. Aug. 13, 1957, Pub. L. 85–125, 71 Stat. 344.

The last sentence of the Act of August 13, 1957 (Public Law 85–125, 71 Stat. 344), is omitted as obsolete.

§2113. World War II memorial in the District of Columbia

(a) Solicitation and Acceptance of Contributions.—(1) Consistent with its authority under section 2103(e) of this title, the American Battle Monuments Commission shall solicit and accept contributions for the World War II memorial.

(2) In this section, the term "World War II memorial" means the memorial authorized by Public Law 103–32 (40 U.S.C. 8903 note) to be established by the Commission on Federal land in the District of Columbia or its environs to honor members of the Armed Forces who served in World War II and to commemorate the participation of the United States in that war.

(b) Creation of Memorial Fund.—(1) There is hereby created in the Treasury a fund for the World War II memorial, which shall consist of the following:

(A) Amounts deposited, and interest and proceeds credited, under paragraph (2).

(B) Obligations obtained under paragraph (3).

(C) The amount of surcharges paid to the Commission for the World War II memorial under the World War II 50th Anniversary Commemorative Coins Act (31 U.S.C. 5112 note).

(D) Amounts borrowed using the authority provided under subsection (d).

(E) Any funds received by the Commission under section 2114 of this title in exchange for use of, or the right to use, any mark, copyright or patent.


(2) The Chairman of the Commission shall deposit in the fund the amounts accepted as contributions under subsection (a). The Secretary of the Treasury shall credit to the fund the interest on, and the proceeds from sale or redemption of, obligations held in the fund.

(3) The Secretary of the Treasury shall invest any portion of the fund that, as determined by the Chairman, is not required to meet current expenses. Each investment shall be made in an interest-bearing obligation of the United States or an obligation guaranteed as to principal and interest by the United States that, as determined by the Chairman, has a maturity suitable for the fund.

(c) Use of Fund.—The fund shall be available to the Commission—

(1) for the expenses of establishing the World War II memorial, including the maintenance and preservation amount provided for in section 8906(b) of title 40;

(2) for such other expenses, other than routine maintenance, with respect to the World War II memorial as the Commission considers warranted; and

(3) to secure, obtain, register, enforce, protect, and license any mark, copyright, or patent that is owned by, assigned to, or licensed to the Commission under section 2114 of this title to aid or facilitate the construction of the World War II memorial.


(d) Special Borrowing Authority.—(1) To assure that groundbreaking, construction, and dedication of the World War II memorial are carried out on a timely basis, the Commission may borrow money from the Treasury of the United States in such amounts as the Commission considers necessary, but not to exceed a total of $65,000,000. Borrowed amounts shall bear interest at a rate determined by the Secretary of the Treasury, taking into consideration the average market yield on outstanding marketable obligations of the United States of comparable maturities during the month preceding the month in which the obligations of the Commission are issued. The interest payments on such obligations may be deferred with the approval of the Secretary, but any interest payment so deferred shall also bear interest.

(2) The borrowing of money by the Commission under paragraph (1) shall be subject to such maturities, terms, and conditions as may be agreed upon by the Commission and the Secretary, except that the maturities may not exceed 20 years and such borrowings may be redeemable at the option of the Commission before maturity.

(3) The obligations of the Commission shall be issued in amounts and at prices approved by the Secretary. The authority of the Commission to issue obligations under this subsection shall remain available without fiscal year limitation. The Secretary of the Treasury shall purchase any obligations of the Commission to be issued under this subsection, and for such purpose the Secretary of the Treasury may use as a public debt transaction of the United States the proceeds from the sale of any securities issued under chapter 31 of title 31. The purposes for which securities may be issued under such chapter are extended to include any purchase of the Commission's obligations under this subsection.

(4) Repayment of the interest and principal on any funds borrowed by the Commission under paragraph (1) shall be made from amounts in the fund. The Commission may not use for such purpose any funds appropriated for any other activities of the Commission.

(e) Treatment of Borrowing Authority.—In determining whether the Commission has sufficient funds to complete construction of the World War II memorial, as required by section 8906 of title 40, the Secretary of the Interior shall consider the funds that the Commission may borrow from the Treasury under subsection (d) as funds available to complete construction of the memorial, whether or not the Commission has actually exercised the authority to borrow such funds.

(f) Voluntary Services.—(1) Notwithstanding section 1342 of title 31, the Commission may accept from any person voluntary services to be provided in furtherance of the fund-raising activities of the Commission relating to the World War II memorial.

(2) A person providing voluntary services under this subsection shall be considered to be a Federal employee for purposes of chapter 81 of title 5, relating to compensation for work-related injuries, and chapter 171 of title 28, relating to tort claims. A volunteer who is not otherwise employed by the United States shall not be considered to be a Federal employee for any other purpose by reason of the provision of such voluntary service, except that any volunteer given responsibility for the handling of funds or the carrying out of a Federal function is subject to the conflict of interest laws contained in chapter 11 of title 18 and the administrative standards of conduct contained in part 2635 of title 5 of the Code of Federal Regulations.

(3) The Commission may provide for reimbursement of incidental expenses that are incurred by a person providing voluntary services under this subsection. The Commission shall determine those expenses that are eligible for reimbursement under this paragraph.

(4) Nothing in this subsection shall be construed to require any Federal employee to work without compensation or to allow the use of volunteer services to displace or replace any Federal employee.

(g) Treatment of Certain Contracts.—A contract entered into by the Commission for the design or construction of the World War II memorial is not a funding agreement as that term is defined in section 201 of title 35.

(h) Extension of Authority To Establish Memorial.—Notwithstanding section 8903(e) of title 40, the authority for the construction of the World War II memorial provided by Public Law 103–32 (40 U.S.C. 8903 note) expires on December 31, 2005.

(Added Pub. L. 106–117, title VI, §601(a)(1), Nov. 30, 1999, 113 Stat. 1576; amended Pub. L. 108–178, §4(h), Dec. 15, 2003, 117 Stat. 2641.)


Editorial Notes

References in Text

The World War II 50th Anniversary Commemorative Coins Act, referred to in subsec. (b)(1)(C) is Pub. L. 102–414, Oct. 14, 1992, 106 Stat. 2106, which is classified as a note under section 5112 of Title 31, Money and Finance.

Amendments

2003—Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 108–178, §4(h)(1), substituted "(40 U.S.C. 8903 note)" for "(40 U.S.C. 1003 note)".

Subsec. (c)(1). Pub. L. 108–178, §4(h)(2), substituted "section 8906(b) of title 40" for "section 8(b) of the Commemorative Works Act (40 U.S.C. 1008(b))".

Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 108–178, §4(h)(3), substituted "section 8906 of title 40" for "section 8 of the Commemorative Works Act (40 U.S.C. 1008)".

Subsec. (h). Pub. L. 108–178, §4(h)(4), substituted "section 8903(e) of title 40" for "section 10 of the Commemorative Works Act (40 U.S.C. 1010)" and "(40 U.S.C. 8903 note)" for "(40 U.S.C. 1003 note)".


Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 2003 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 108–178 effective Aug. 21, 2002, see section 5 of Pub. L. 108–178, set out as a note under section 5334 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.

Effect of Repeal of Current Memorial Fund

Pub. L. 106–117, title VI, §601(c), Nov. 30, 1999, 113 Stat. 1578, provided that: "Upon the enactment of this Act [Nov. 30, 1999], the Secretary of the Treasury shall transfer amounts in the fund created by section 4(a) of Public Law 103–32 (40 U.S.C. 1003 note) [now 40 U.S.C. 8903 note] to the fund created by section 2113(b) of title 36, United States Code, as added by subsection (a)."

§2114. Intellectual property and related items

(a) Authority To Use and Register Intellectual Property.—The American Battle Monuments Commission may—

(1) adopt, use, register, and license trademarks, service marks, and other marks;

(2) obtain, use, register, and license the use of copyrights consistent with section 105 of title 17;

(3) obtain, use, and license patents; and

(4) accept gifts of marks, copyrights, patents, and licenses for use by the Commission.


(b) Authority To Grant Licenses.—The Commission may grant exclusive and nonexclusive licenses in connection with any mark, copyright, patent, or license for the use of such mark, copyright or patent, except to the extent the grant of such license by the Commission would be contrary to any contract or license by which the use of the mark, copyright, or patent was obtained.

(c) Enforcement Authority.—The Commission may enforce any mark, copyright, or patent by an action in the district courts under any law providing for the protection of such marks, copyrights, or patents.

(d) Legal Representation.—The Attorney General shall furnish the Commission with such legal representation as the Commission may require under subsection (c). The Secretary of Defense shall provide representation for the Commission in administrative proceedings before the Patent and Trademark Office and Copyright Office.

(e) Irrevocability of Transfers of Copyrights to Commission.—Section 203 of title 17 shall not apply to any copyright transferred in any manner to the Commission.

(Added Pub. L. 106–117, title VI, §603(a), Nov. 30, 1999, 113 Stat. 1579.)

§2115. Acquisition, operation, and maintenance of Lafayette Escadrille Memorial

The American Battle Monuments Commission may enter into an agreement with the Lafayette Escadrille Memorial Foundation to acquire, operate, and maintain the Lafayette Escadrille Memorial in Marnes-la-Coquette, France. Under such an agreement, the Commission shall make necessary arrangements to ensure the ongoing maintenance of the memorial, including the cemetery at the memorial that contains the remains of 49 aviators of the United States who died during World War I.

(Added Pub. L. 114–227, §1(a), Sept. 29, 2016, 130 Stat. 934.)

CHAPTER 23—UNITED STATES HOLOCAUST MEMORIAL MUSEUM

Sec.
2301.
Establishment of the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum; functions.
2302.
Functions of the Council; membership.
2303.
Compensation; travel expenses; full-time officers or employees of United States or Members of Congress.
2304.
Administrative provisions.
2305.
Staff.
2306.
Insurance for Museum.
2307.
Gifts, bequests, and devises of property; tax treatment.
2308.
Annual report.
2309.
Audit of financial transactions.
2310.
Authorization of appropriations.

        

Editorial Notes

Prior Provisions

A prior chapter 23, consisting of sections 2301 to 2309, related to the United States Holocaust Memorial Council, prior to the general amendment of this chapter by Pub. L. 106–292, §1.

Amendments

2006Pub. L. 109–284, §5(3), Sept. 27, 2006, 120 Stat. 1211, substituted "Museum" for "museum" in item 2306.

§2301. Establishment of the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum; functions

The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum (hereafter in this chapter referred to as the "Museum") is an independent establishment of the United States Government. The Museum shall—

(1) provide for appropriate ways for the Nation to commemorate the Days of Remembrance, as an annual, national, civic commemoration of the Holocaust, and encourage and sponsor appropriate observances of such Days of Remembrance throughout the United States;

(2) operate and maintain a permanent living memorial museum to the victims of the Holocaust, in cooperation with the Secretary of the Interior and other Federal agencies as provided in section 2304 of this title; and

(3) carry out the recommendations of the President's Commission on the Holocaust in its report to the President of September 27, 1979, to the extent such recommendations are not otherwise provided for in this chapter.

(Added Pub. L. 106–292, §1, Oct. 12, 2000, 114 Stat. 1030; amended Pub. L. 109–284, §5(4), Sept. 27, 2006, 120 Stat. 1211; Pub. L. 113–237, §3(c)(2), Dec. 18, 2014, 128 Stat. 2840.)


Editorial Notes

Prior Provisions

A prior section 2301, Pub. L. 105–225, Aug. 12, 1998, 112 Stat. 1277, related to the establishment and purposes of the Holocaust Memorial Council, prior to the general amendment of this chapter by Pub. L. 106–292.

Amendments

2014—Par. (2). Pub. L. 113–237 substituted "section 2304" for "section 2306".

2006—Pub. L. 109–284 substituted "United States Government" for "United State Government" in introductory provisions.


Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Support for Holocaust Education Programs

Pub. L. 116–141, May 29, 2020, 134 Stat. 636, provided that:

"SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

"This Act may be cited as the 'Never Again Education Act'.

"SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

"The Congress finds the following:

"(1) The United States has demonstrated a commitment to remembrance and education about the Holocaust through bilateral relationships and engagement in international organizations such as the United Nations and the International Holocaust Remembrance Alliance; the United States works to promote Holocaust education as a means to understand the importance of democratic principles, use and abuse of power, and to raise awareness about the importance of genocide prevention today.

"(2) The Congress has played a critical role in preserving the memory of the Holocaust and promoting awareness, including by authorizing the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum as an independent establishment of the Federal Government to ensure that 'the study of the Holocaust become part of the curriculum in every school system in the country', as well as by establishing a national Holocaust Remembrance Day in 1978.

"(3) 75 years after the conclusion of World War II, with the decreasing number of eyewitnesses and growing distance of students and their families from this history, it is important to institutionalize education about the events of the Holocaust such as the German Nazis' racist ideology, propaganda, and plan to lead a state to war and, with their collaborators, kill millions—including the systematic murder of 6,000,000 Jewish people; as well as the persecution and murder of millions of others in the name of racial purity, political, ideological, and behavioral grounds, among them Roma, the disabled, the Slavs, Communists, Socialists, Jehovah's Witnesses, and homosexuals.

"(4) As intolerance, antisemitism, and bigotry are promoted by hate groups, Holocaust education provides a context in which to learn about the danger of what can happen when hate goes unchallenged and there is indifference in the face of the oppression of others; learning how and why the Holocaust happened is an important component of the education of citizens of the United States.

"(5) Today, those who deny that the Holocaust occurred or distort the true nature of the Holocaust continue to find forums, especially online; this denial and distortion dishonors those who were persecuted, and murdered, making it even more of a national imperative to educate students in the United States so that they may explore the lessons that the Holocaust provides for all people, sensitize communities to the circumstances that gave rise to the Holocaust, and help youth be less susceptible to the falsehood of Holocaust denial and distortion and to the destructive messages of hate that arise from Holocaust denial and distortion.

"(6) Currently, 12 States (California, Connecticut, Florida, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Michigan, New Jersey, New York, Oregon, Pennsylvania, and Rhode Island) require by law that schools teach students about the Holocaust; more schools and teachers, including those in underserved communities, can and should deliver quality Holocaust education.

"(7) For more than 30 years, the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum has worked to build and support the field of Holocaust education, and advance the quality and sustainability of Holocaust education at the local, State, and national levels, by engaging teachers and students across disciplines and grade levels.

"(8) The Federal Government, through support for educational activities of national museums established under Federal law, can assist teachers in efforts to incorporate historically accurate instruction on human rights atrocities, including the Holocaust, in curricula.

"SEC. 3. DEFINITIONS.

"In this Act:

"(1) Antisemitism.—The term 'antisemitism' means a certain perception of Jews, which may be expressed as hatred toward Jews. Rhetorical and physical manifestations of antisemitism are directed toward Jewish or non-Jewish individuals or their property, toward Jewish community institutions and religious facilities.

"(2) Director.—The term 'Director' means the Director of the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum.

"(3) Eligible program participant.—The term 'eligible program participant' means—

"(A) a high school teacher, a teacher of one of the middle grades, or a school leader of a high school or a school that includes one of the middle grades (as such terms are defined in section 8101 of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 7801));

"(B) an educational leader or expert who is not employed by a local educational agency (as defined in section 8101 of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 7801)) or an elementary school or secondary school (as such terms are so defined) that is independent of any local educational agency; or

"(C) a prospective teacher enrolled in a program of postsecondary education coursework or preservice clinical education.

"(4) Holocaust.—The term 'the Holocaust' means the systematic, bureaucratic, state-sponsored persecution and murder of 6,000,000 Jews by the Nazi regime and its allies and collaborators. During the era of the Holocaust, German authorities also targeted other groups because of their perceived 'racial inferiority', such as Roma, the disabled, and Slavs. Other groups were persecuted on political, ideological, and behavioral grounds, among them Communists, Socialists, Jehovah's Witnesses, and homosexuals.

"(5) Holocaust denial and distortion.—The term 'Holocaust denial and distortion' means discourse and propaganda that deny the historical reality and the extent of the extermination of the Jews by the Nazis and their accomplices during World War II, known as the Holocaust. Holocaust denial refers specifically to any attempt to claim that the Holocaust did not take place. Holocaust distortion refers to efforts to excuse or minimize the events of the Holocaust or its principal elements, including collaborators and allies of Nazi Germany, to blame the Jews for causing their own genocide, or to portray the Holocaust as a positive historical event.

"(6) Holocaust education center.—The term 'Holocaust education center' means an institution that furthers the teaching and learning about the Holocaust by offering programs for students and training for teachers and other types of professional leadership audiences.

"(7) Holocaust education program.—The term 'Holocaust education program' means a program that has as its specific and primary purpose to improve awareness and understanding of the Holocaust and educate individuals on the lessons of the Holocaust as a means to raise awareness about the importance of preventing genocide, hate, and bigotry against any group of people.

"SEC. 4. PROGRAM AUTHORIZED.

"(a) Authorization of Appropriations.—There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this Act $2,000,000 for fiscal year 2021 and each of the 4 succeeding fiscal years.

"(b) Donations, Gifts, Bequests, and Devises of Property.—In accordance with chapter 23 of title 36, United States Code, and in furtherance of the purposes of this Act, the Director is authorized to solicit, accept, hold, administer, invest, and use donated funds and gifts, bequests, and devises of property, both real and personal.

"(c) Use of Funds.—The Director, using funds appropriated under subsection (a) and resources received under subsection (b), and including through the engagement of eligible program participants as appropriate—

"(1) shall develop and nationally disseminate accurate, relevant, and accessible resources to promote understanding about how and why the Holocaust happened, which shall include digital resources and may include other types of resources, such as print resources and traveling exhibitions; and

"(2) may carry out one or more of the following Holocaust education program activities:

"(A) Development, dissemination, and implementation of principles of sound pedagogy for teaching about the Holocaust.

"(B) Provision of professional development for eligible program participants, such as through—

"(i) local, regional, and national workshops;

"(ii) teacher trainings in conjunction with Holocaust education centers and other appropriate partners;

"(iii) engagement with—

     "(I) local educational agencies (as defined in section 8101 of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 21 7801) [probably means 20 U.S.C. 7801]); and

     "(II) high schools and schools that include one of the middle grades (as so defined) that are independent of any local educational agency; and

"(iv) operation and expansion of a teacher fellowship program to cultivate and support leaders in Holocaust education.

"(C) Engagement with State and local education leaders to encourage the adoption of resources supported under this Act into curricula across diverse disciplines.

"(D) Evaluation and research to assess the effectiveness and impact of Holocaust education programs, which may include completion of the report required under section 8.

"(d) Applications.—The Director may seek the engagement of an eligible program participant under subsection (c) by requiring submission of an application to the Director at such time, in such manner, and based on such competitive criteria as the Director may require.

"SEC. 5. ONLINE HOLOCAUST EDUCATION RESOURCES.

"(a) Website.—The Director shall maintain on the website of the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum a special section designated for Holocaust education resources to improve awareness and understanding of the Holocaust and educate individuals on the lessons of the Holocaust as a means to raise awareness about the importance of preventing genocide, hate, and bigotry against any group of people. The website and resources shall be made publically available.

"(b) Information Distribution.—The Director shall distribute information about the activities funded under this Act through the website of the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, and shall respond to inquiries for supplementary information concerning such activities.

"(c) Best Practices.—The information distributed by the Director shall include best practices for educators.

"SEC. 6. UNITED STATES HOLOCAUST MEMORIAL COUNCIL.

"The United States Holocaust Memorial Council established under section 2302 of title 36, United States Code, shall have governance responsibility for the programs and activities carried out under this Act in accordance with chapter 23 of title 36, United States Code.

"SEC. 7. ENGAGEMENT OF ELIGIBLE PROGRAM PARTICIPANTS.

"(a) In General.—An eligible program participant shall be engaged at the discretion of the Director to participate in Holocaust education program activities authorized under this Act and approved by the Director pursuant to an application described in section 4(d).

"(b) Engagement Period.—Engagement of eligible program participants under this Act shall be for a period determined by the Director.

"(c) Priority.—In engaging eligible program participants under section 4, the Director shall give priority to applications from such participants who work for or with a local educational agency, or a school that is independent of any local educational agency, that does not, at the time application is made, offer any Holocaust education programming.

"SEC. 8. ANNUAL REPORT.

"Not later than February 1 of each year, the Director shall submit to the Congress a report describing the activities carried out under this Act."

Transfer of Auditors West Building (Annex 3); Responsibility for Repairs and Alterations

Pub. L. 101–45, title II, June 30, 1989, 103 Stat. 125, provided that:

"Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the Administrator of General Services (Administrator) shall transfer to the administrative jurisdiction of the Holocaust Memorial Council (Council), without consideration, the Auditors West Building (Annex 3) located at Raoul Wallenberg Place and Independence Avenue Southwest, Washington, District of Columbia.

"Prior to such transfer of jurisdiction to the Council, the Council shall agree to perform all necessary repairs and alterations to the Auditors West Building so as to renovate the exterior of the Auditors West Building in a manner consistent with preservation of the historic architecture of the building, and to preserve the structural integrity of the building. The Council, prior to such transfer, shall furnish to the Administrator, for his approval, a plan detailing the repairs and alterations proposed, dates for completion of the work, and funding availability.

"In the event the Council ceases to exist, administrative jurisdiction of the Auditors West Building (Annex 3) shall revert to the General Services Administration."

§2302. Functions of the Council; membership

(a) In General.—The United States Holocaust Memorial Council (hereafter in this chapter referred to as the "Council") shall be the board of trustees of the Museum and shall have overall governance responsibility for the Museum, including policy guidance and strategic direction, general oversight of Museum operations, and fiduciary responsibility. The Council shall establish an Executive Committee which shall exercise ongoing governance responsibility when the Council is not in session.

(b) Composition of Council; Appointment; Vacancies.—The Council shall consist of 65 voting members appointed (except as otherwise provided in this section) by the President and the following ex officio nonvoting members:

(1) One appointed by the Secretary of the Interior.

(2) One appointed by the Secretary of State.

(3) One appointed by the Secretary of Education.


Of the 65 voting members, five shall be appointed by the Speaker of the United States House of Representatives from among Members of the United States House of Representatives and five shall be appointed by the President pro tempore of the United States Senate upon the recommendation of the majority and minority leaders from among Members of the United States Senate. Any vacancy in the Council shall be filled in the same manner as the original appointment was made.

(c) Term of Office.—

(1) Except as otherwise provided in this subsection, Council members shall serve for 5-year terms.

(2) The terms of the five Members of the United States House of Representatives and the five Members of the United States Senate appointed during any term of Congress shall expire at the end of such term of Congress.

(3) Any member appointed to fill a vacancy occurring before the expiration of the term for which his predecessor was appointed shall be appointed only for the remainder of such term. A member, other than a Member of Congress appointed by the Speaker of the United States House of Representatives or the President pro tempore of the United States Senate, may serve after the expiration of his term until his successor has taken office.


(d) Chairperson and Vice Chairperson; Term of Office.—The Chairperson and Vice Chairperson of the Council shall be appointed by the President from among the members of the Council and such Chairperson and Vice Chairperson shall each serve for terms of 5 years.

(e) Reappointment.—Members whose terms expire may be reappointed, and the Chairperson and Vice Chairperson may be reappointed to those offices.

(f) Bylaws.—The Council shall adopt bylaws to carry out its functions under this chapter. The Chairperson may waive a bylaw when the Chairperson decides that waiver is in the best interest of the Council. Immediately after waiving a bylaw, the Chairperson shall send written notice of the waiver to every voting member of the Council. The waiver becomes final 30 days after the notice is sent unless a majority of Council members disagree in writing before the end of the 30-day period.

(g) Quorum.—One-third of the members of the Council shall constitute a quorum, and any vacancy in the Council shall not affect its powers to function.

(h) Associated Committees.—Subject to appointment by the Chairperson, an individual who is not a member of the Council may be designated as a member of a committee associated with the Council. Such an individual shall serve without cost to the Federal Government.

(Added Pub. L. 106–292, §1, Oct. 12, 2000, 114 Stat. 1031.)


Editorial Notes

Prior Provisions

A prior section 2302, Pub. L. 105–225, Aug. 12, 1998, 112 Stat. 1277, related to the membership of the Holocaust Memorial Council, prior to the general amendment of this chapter by Pub. L. 106–292.

§2303. Compensation; travel expenses; full-time officers or employees of United States or Members of Congress

(a) In General.—Except as provided in subsection (b) of this section, members of the Council are each authorized to be paid the daily equivalent of the annual rate of basic pay in effect for positions at level IV of the Executive Schedule under section 5315 of title 5, for each day (including travel time) during which they are engaged in the actual performance of duties of the Council. While away from their homes or regular places of business in the performance of services for the Council, members of the Council shall be allowed travel expenses, including per diem in lieu of subsistence, in the same manner as persons employed intermittently in Government service are allowed expenses under section 5703 of title 5.

(b) Exception.—Members of the Council who are full-time officers or employees of the United States or Members of Congress shall receive no additional pay by reason of their service on the Council.

(Added Pub. L. 106–292, §1, Oct. 12, 2000, 114 Stat. 1032.)


Editorial Notes

Prior Provisions

A prior section 2303, Pub. L. 105–225, Aug. 12, 1998, 112 Stat. 1278, related to the Executive Director of the Holocaust Memorial Council, prior to the general amendment of this chapter by Pub. L. 106–292.

§2304. Administrative provisions

(a) Experts and Consultants.—The Museum may obtain the services of experts and consultants in accordance with the provisions of section 3109 of title 5, at rates not to exceed the daily equivalent of the annual rate of basic pay in effect for positions at level IV of the Executive Schedule under section 5315 of title 5.

(b) Authority To Contract.—The Museum may, in accordance with applicable law, enter into contracts and other arrangements with public agencies and with private organizations and persons and may make such payments as may be necessary to carry out its functions under this chapter.

(c) Assistance From Other Federal Departments and Agencies.—The Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, the Library of Congress, and the heads of all executive branch departments, agencies, and establishments of the United States may assist the Museum in the performance of its functions under this chapter.

(d) Administrative Services and Support.—The Secretary of the Interior may provide administrative services and support to the Museum on a reimbursable basis.

(Added Pub. L. 106–292, §1, Oct. 12, 2000, 114 Stat. 1032.)


Editorial Notes

Prior Provisions

A prior section 2304, Pub. L. 105–225, Aug. 12, 1998, 112 Stat. 1278, related to gifts, bequests, and devises of property to the Holocaust Memorial Council, prior to the general amendment of this chapter by Pub. L. 106–292.

§2305. Staff

(a) Establishment of the Museum Director as Chief Executive Officer.—There shall be a director of the Museum (hereafter in this chapter referred to as the "Director") who shall serve as chief executive officer of the Museum and exercise day-to-day authority for the Museum. The Director shall be appointed by the Chairperson of the Council, subject to confirmation of the Council. The Director may be paid with nonappropriated funds, and, if paid with appropriated funds shall be paid the rate of basic pay for positions at level IV of the Executive Schedule under section 5315 of title 5. The Director shall report to the Council and its Executive Committee through the Chairperson. The Director shall serve at the pleasure of the Council.

(b) Appointment of Employees.—The Director shall have authority to—

(1) appoint employees in the competitive service subject to the provisions of chapter 51 and subchapter III of chapter 53 of title 5, relating to classification and general schedule pay rates;

(2) appoint and fix the compensation (at a rate not to exceed the rate of basic pay in effect for positions at level IV of the Executive Schedule under section 5315 of title 5) of up to three employees notwithstanding any other provision of law; and

(3) implement the decisions and strategic plan for the Museum, as approved by the Council, and perform such other functions as may be assigned from time-to-time by the Council, the Executive Committee of the Council, or the Chairperson of the Council, consistent with this legislation.

(Added Pub. L. 106–292, §1, Oct. 12, 2000, 114 Stat. 1032.)


Editorial Notes

Prior Provisions

A prior section 2305, Pub. L. 105–225, Aug. 12, 1998, 112 Stat. 1278, related to the establishment of the memorial museum, prior to the general amendment of this chapter by Pub. L. 106–292.

§2306. Insurance for Museum

The Museum shall maintain insurance on the memorial museum to cover such risks, in such amount, and containing such terms and conditions as the Museum deems necessary.

(Added Pub. L. 106–292, §1, Oct. 12, 2000, 114 Stat. 1033.)


Editorial Notes

Prior Provisions

A prior section 2306, Pub. L. 105–225, Aug. 12, 1998, 112 Stat. 1279, related to audits of the Holocaust Memorial Council, prior to the general amendment of this chapter by Pub. L. 106–292.

§2307. Gifts, bequests, and devises of property; tax treatment

The Museum may solicit, and the Museum may accept, hold, administer, invest, and use gifts, bequests, and devises of property, both real and personal, and all revenues received or generated by the Museum to aid or facilitate the operation and maintenance of the memorial museum. Property may be accepted pursuant to this section, and the property and the proceeds thereof used as nearly as possible in accordance with the terms of the gift, bequest, or devise donating such property. Funds donated to and accepted by the Museum pursuant to this section or otherwise received or generated by the Museum are not to be regarded as appropriated funds and are not subject to any requirements or restrictions applicable to appropriated funds. For the purposes of Federal income, estate, and gift taxes, property accepted under this section shall be considered as a gift, bequest, or devise to the United States.

(Added Pub. L. 106–292, §1, Oct. 12, 2000, 114 Stat. 1033.)


Editorial Notes

Prior Provisions

A prior section 2307, Pub. L. 105–225, Aug. 12, 1998, 112 Stat. 1279, provided for administrative provisions, prior to the general amendment of this chapter by Pub. L. 106–292.

§2308. Annual report

The Director shall transmit to Congress an annual report on the Director's stewardship of the authority to operate and maintain the memorial museum. Such report shall include the following:

(1) An accounting of all financial transactions involving donated funds.

(2) A description of the extent to which the objectives of this chapter are being met.

(3) An examination of future major endeavors, initiatives, programs, or activities that the Museum proposes to undertake to better fulfill the objectives of this chapter.

(4) An examination of the Federal role in the funding of the Museum and its activities, and any changes that may be warranted.

(Added Pub. L. 106–292, §1, Oct. 12, 2000, 114 Stat. 1033.)


Editorial Notes

Prior Provisions

A prior section 2308, Pub. L. 105–225, Aug. 12, 1998, 112 Stat. 1280, required the Executive Director to submit an annual report to Congress, prior to the general amendment of this chapter by Pub. L. 106–292.

§2309. Audit of financial transactions

Financial transactions of the Museum, including those involving donated funds, shall be audited by the Comptroller General as requested by Congress, in accordance with generally accepted auditing standards. In conducting any audit pursuant to this section, appropriate representatives of the Comptroller General shall have access to all books, accounts, financial records, reports, files and other papers, items or property in use by the Museum, as necessary to facilitate such audit, and such representatives shall be afforded full facilities for verifying transactions with the balances.

(Added Pub. L. 106–292, §1, Oct. 12, 2000, 114 Stat. 1034.)


Editorial Notes

Prior Provisions

A prior section 2309, Pub. L. 105–225, Aug. 12, 1998, 112 Stat. 1280, related to authorization of appropriations, prior to the general amendment of this chapter by Pub. L. 106–292.

§2310. Authorization of appropriations

To carry out the purposes of this chapter, there are authorized to be appropriated such sums as may be necessary. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, none of the funds authorized to carry out this chapter may be made available for construction. Authority to enter into contracts and to make payments under this chapter, using funds authorized to be appropriated under this chapter, shall be effective only to the extent, and in such amounts, as provided in advance in appropriations Acts.

(Added Pub. L. 106–292, §1, Oct. 12, 2000, 114 Stat. 1034.)

CHAPTER 25—PRESIDENT'S COMMITTEE ON EMPLOYMENT OF PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES

Sec.
2501.
Acceptance of voluntary services and money or property.
2502.
Authorization of appropriations.

        

§2501. Acceptance of voluntary services and money or property

The President's Committee on Employment of People With Disabilities—

(1) notwithstanding section 1342 of title 31, may accept voluntary and uncompensated services; and

(2) may solicit, accept, use, and dispose of any money or property the Committee receives.

(Pub. L. 105–225, Aug. 12, 1998, 112 Stat. 1280; Pub. L. 105–354, §1(3), Nov. 3, 1998, 112 Stat. 3239.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Pub. L. 105–225
Revised

Section

Source (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
2501 36:155b. July 11, 1949, ch. 302, §2, as added Nov. 7, 1988, Pub. L. 100–630, title III, §301(b)(3), 102 Stat. 3316.

In clause (2), the words "in the name of the Committee", "in furtherance of this resolution", "real, personal, or mixed, tangible or nontangible", and "by gift, devise, bequest, or otherwise" are omitted as unnecessary.

Pub. L. 105–354

This amends section 2501(2) of title 36 to reflect a change made by section 413 of the Workforce Investment Act of 1998 (Public Law 105–220, Aug. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1241).


Editorial Notes

Amendments

1998—Par. (2). Pub. L. 105–354 inserted "solicit," before "accept,".

§2502. Authorization of appropriations

(a) General.—Amounts necessary for the work of the President's Committee on Employment of People With Disabilities are authorized to be appropriated for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1997, to be expended in the manner and by agencies the President may direct.

(b) Uses.—Amounts appropriated under this section are to be used to carry out the purposes of the National Disability Employment Awareness Month and to enable the President to provide the Committee with adequate personnel to assist in its activities, and otherwise to provide the Committee with the means of carrying out a program to promote the employment of individuals with disabilities, by—

(1) creating interest throughout the United States in the rehabilitation and employment of such individuals; and

(2) obtaining and maintaining cooperation from all public and private groups in the field.

(Pub. L. 105–225, Aug. 12, 1998, 112 Stat. 1280.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised

Section

Source (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
2502 36:155a. July 11, 1949, ch. 302, §1, 63 Stat. 409; Aug. 3, 1954, ch. 655, §5, 68 Stat. 665; Sept. 13, 1960, Pub. L. 86–772, 74 Stat. 913; June 24, 1964, Pub. L. 88–321, 78 Stat. 221; Nov. 8, 1965, Pub. L. 89–333, §14, 79 Stat. 1294; July 7, 1968, Pub. L. 90–391, §14, 82 Stat. 306; Oct. 21, 1986, Pub. L. 99–506, title IX, §902, 100 Stat. 1841; Nov. 7, 1988, Pub. L. 100–630, title III, §301(b)(1), (2), 102 Stat. 3316; June 6, 1991, Pub. L. 102–52, §9(b), 105 Stat. 263; Oct. 29, 1992, Pub. L. 102–569, title IX, §914, 106 Stat. 4488.

In subsection (a), authorizations of appropriations for fiscal years 1993–1996 are omitted as obsolete.

Subtitle II—Patriotic and National Organizations


Editorial Notes

Amendments

2014Pub. L. 113–237, §3(a)(2)(B), Dec. 18, 2014, 128 Stat. 2836, struck out item for part A "General", which consisted of item for chapter 101, and item for part B "Organizations", which consisted of items for chapters 201 to 2701.

2009Pub. L. 111–95, §1(b), Nov. 6, 2009, 123 Stat. 3003, added item for chapter 1404.

2008Pub. L. 110–254, §1(b), June 30, 2008, 122 Stat. 2421, amended item for chapter 1201 generally, substituting "Korean War Veterans Association, Incorporated" for "[Reserved]".

2002Pub. L. 107–252, title VI, §601(b), Oct. 29, 2002, 116 Stat. 1721, added item for chapter 1526.

Pub. L. 107–241, §1(a)(2)(B), Oct. 16, 2002, 116 Stat. 1496, substituted "AMVETS (American Veterans)" for "AMVETS (American Veterans of World War II, Korea, and Vietnam)" in item for chapter 227.

2000Pub. L. 106–474, title II, §201(b), Nov. 9, 2000, 114 Stat. 2095, added item for chapter 1524.

1998Pub. L. 105–354, §1(4)(B), (5)(B), Nov. 3, 1998, 112 Stat. 3241, 3244, added items for chapters 202 and 210.

Part A—General

CHAPTER 101—GENERAL

Sec.
10101.
Audits.
10102.
Reservation of right to amend or repeal.

        

§10101. Audits

(a) General.—Except as otherwise provided, the financial statements of each corporation in part B of this subtitle shall be audited annually in accordance with generally accepted auditing standards by an independent certified public accountant or independent licensed public accountant, certified or licensed by a regulatory authority of a State or other political subdivision of the United States. The audit shall be conducted where the financial statements of the corporation normally are kept. The person conducting the audit shall be given access to—

(1) all records and property owned or used by the corporation necessary to facilitate the audit; and

(2) full facilities for verifying transactions with the balances or securities held by depositories, fiscal agents, and custodians.


(b) Report.—(1) The corporation shall submit a report of the audit to Congress not later than 6 months after the close of the fiscal year for which the audit is made. The report shall describe the scope of the audit and include—

(A) statements necessary to present fairly the corporation's assets, liabilities, and surplus or deficit, and an analysis of the changes in those amounts during the year;

(B) a statement in reasonable detail of the corporation's income and expenses during the year including the results of any trading, manufacturing, publishing, or other commercial-type endeavor; and

(C) the independent auditor's opinion of those statements.


(2) The report may not be printed as a public document, except as part of proceedings authorized to be printed under section 1332 of title 44.

(Pub. L. 105–225, Aug. 12, 1998, 112 Stat. 1283.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised

Section

Source (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10101(a) 36:1084 (less (b) (2d sentence cl. (2))). July 16, 1964, Pub. L. 88–378, §14 (less (b) (2d sentence cl. (2))), 78 Stat. 327.
  36:1101(1)–(76), (77) (related to Fleet Reserve Association). Aug. 30, 1964, Pub. L. 88–504, §1(1)–(76), (77) (related to Fleet Reserve Association), 78 Stat. 635; Dec. 15, 1975, Pub. L. 94–151, §2, 89 Stat. 809; Nov. 11, 1977, Pub. L. 95–167, §2, 91 Stat. 1348; Dec. 29, 1979, Pub. L. 96–165, §9(g), 93 Stat. 1272; Dec. 2, 1980, Pub. L. 96–489, §11, 94 Stat. 2554; Dec. 4, 1980, Pub. L. 96–497, §11, 94 Stat. 2596; Nov. 20, 1981, Pub. L. 97–82, §11, 95 Stat. 1093; Nov. 20, 1981, Pub. L. 97–83, §11, 95 Stat. 1095; June 1, 1982, Pub. L. 97–192, §11, 96 Stat. 110; Aug. 9, 1982, Pub. L. 97–231, §11, 96 Stat. 257; Aug. 10, 1982, Pub. L. 97–234, §11, 96 Stat. 263; Jan. 8, 1983, Pub. L. 97–427, §11, 96 Stat. 2266; Apr. 10, 1984, Pub. L. 98–257, §11, 98 Stat. 128; June 12, 1984, Pub. L. 98–314, §11, 98 Stat. 239; July 23, 1984, Pub. L. 98–372, §11, 98 Stat. 1240; Aug. 17, 1984, Pub. L. 98–382, §11, 98 Stat. 1345; Aug. 21, 1984, Pub. L. 98–391, §11, 98 Stat. 1360; Oct. 19, 1984, Pub. L. 98–520, §11, 98 Stat. 2429; Oct. 30, 1984, Pub. L. 98–561, §12, 98 Stat. 2912; Oct. 30, 1984, Pub. L. 98–565, §11, 98 Stat. 2921; Oct. 30, 1984, Pub. L. 98–584, §11, 98 Stat. 3098; Oct. 7, 1985, Pub. L. 99–119, §11, 99 Stat. 500; Dec. 9, 1985, Pub. L. 99–172, §11, 99 Stat. 1022; May 23, 1986, Pub. L. 99–318, §12, 100 Stat. 476; Nov. 6, 1986, Pub. L. 99–604, §11, 100 Stat. 3448; Apr. 6, 1988, Pub. L. 100–281, §12, 102 Stat. 75; Nov. 14, 1988, Pub. L. 100–655, title I, §111, 102 Stat. 3851; Nov. 5, 1990, Pub. L. 101–510, title XVI, §1611, 104 Stat. 1738; Dec. 10, 1991, Pub. L. 102–199, §2, 105 Stat. 1629; Oct. 23, 1992, Pub. L. 102–484, title XVIII, §§1812, 1832, 106 Stat. 2583, 2585; Sept. 23, 1996, Pub. L. 104–201, title XVIII, §1811, 110 Stat. 2762.
  36:1102. Aug. 30, 1964, Pub. L. 88–504, §§2, 3, 78 Stat. 636.
  36:1166. Aug. 11, 1971, Pub. L. 92–93, §16, 85 Stat. 319.
  36:1213(a). Oct. 20, 1978, Pub. L. 95–493, §13(a), 92 Stat. 1646.
  36:4315 (less (b) (2d sentence cl. (2))). July 14, 1964, Pub. L. 88–372, §15 (less (b) (2d sentence cl. (2))), 78 Stat. 317.
  36:4514 (less (b) (2d sentence cl. (2))). July 14, 1964, Pub. L. 88–376, §14 (less (b) (2d sentence cl. (2))), 78 Stat. 323.
  36:4610 (less (b) (2d sentence cl. (2))). Aug. 19, 1964, Pub. L. 88–449, §10 (less (b) (2d sentence cl. (2))), 78 Stat. 498.
  36:5206(a). Oct. 26, 1992, Pub. L. 102–522, §207(a), 106 Stat. 3420.
  36:5706(a). Oct. 11, 1996, Pub. L. 104–285, title II, §207(a), 110 Stat. 3385.
10101(b) 36:1103.  

In this section, the text of 36:1101 is omitted as unnecessary because of the addition of the words "Except as otherwise provided" in subsection (a) of this section. The text of 36:1166, 1213(a), and 5206(a) is omitted as unnecessary because of the restatement of 36:1102 and 1103 as general provisions covering, except as otherwise provided, all federally chartered corporations referred to in part B of subtitle II of the revised title. The text of 36:1084 (less (b) (2d sentence cl. (2))), 4315 (less (b) (2d sentence cl. (2))), 4514 (less (b) (2d sentence cl. (2))), and 4610 (less (b) (2d sentence cl. (2))) is omitted as unnecessary because of the restatement in this section of the general audit provisions of 36:1102 and 1103.

In subsection (a), before clause (1), the words "Except as otherwise provided" are added because certain corporations referred to in part B of subtitle II of the revised title are not covered by the audit requirements restated in the revised section. The words "at the place or places" and "or persons" are omitted as unnecessary. The words "financial statements" are substituted for "accounts" to use the generally accepted term for audits conducted by public accountants. The words "shall be given access to" are substituted for "shall be made available to" and "shall be afforded to" for consistency. In clause (1), the words "records and property owned or used by" are substituted for "books, accounts, financial records, reports, files, and all other papers, things, or property belonging to or in use by" for consistency in the revised title and with other titles of the United States Code and to eliminate unnecessary words.

In subsection (b)(1)(B), the words "supplemented . . . by" and "carried on by the corporation" are omitted as unnecessary.


Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Termination of Reporting Requirements

With respect to corporations listed below, for termination, effective May 15, 2000, of reporting provisions in subsec. (b)(1) of this section, see section 3003 of Pub. L. 104–66, set out as a note under section 1113 of Title 31, Money and Finance, and pages 196 through 208 of House Document No. 103–7.

Agricultural Hall of Fame

American Chemical Society

American Council of Learned Societies

American Ex-Prisoners of War

American Gold Star Mothers, Incorporated

American Historical Association

The American Legion

The American National Theater and Academy

The American Society of International Law

American Symphony Orchestra League

American War Mothers

AMVETS (American Veterans)

Army and Navy Union of the United States of America

Aviation Hall of Fame

Big Brothers-Big Sisters of America

Blinded Veterans Association

Blue Star Mothers of America, Inc.

Board For Fundamental Education

Boy Scouts of America

Boys & Girls Clubs of America

Catholic War Veterans of the United States of America, Incorporated

Civil Air Patrol

Congressional Medal of Honor Society of the United States of America

Daughters of Union Veterans of the Civil War 1861–1865

Disabled American Veterans

Former Members of Congress

The Foundation of the Federal Bar Association

Future Farmers of America

General Federation of Women's Clubs

Girl Scouts of the United States of America

Gold Star Wives of America

Italian American War Veterans of the United States

Jewish War Veterans of the United States of America, Incorporated

Jewish War Veterans, U.S.A., National Memorial, Incorporated

Ladies of the Grand Army of the Republic

Legion of Valor of the United States of America, Incorporated

Little League Baseball, Incorporated

Marine Corps League

The Military Chaplains Association of the United States of America

Military Order of the Purple Heart of the United States of America, Incorporated

National Academy of Public Administration

National Academy of Sciences

National Conference of State Societies, Washington, District of Columbia

National Conference on Citizenship

National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements

National Federation of Music Clubs

National Fund for Medical Education

National Mining Hall of Fame and Museum

National Music Council

National Safety Council

National Ski Patrol System, Incorporated

National Society, Daughters of the American Colonists

The National Society of the Daughters of the American Revolution

National Society of the Sons of the American Revolution

National Tropical Botanical Garden

National Woman's Relief Corps, Auxiliary to the Grand Army of the Republic

The National Yoemen F

Naval Sea Cadet Corps

Navy Club of the United States of America

Navy Wives Clubs of America

Non Commissioned Officers Association of the United States of America, Incorporated

Paralyzed Veterans of America

Pearl Harbor Survivors Association

Polish Legion of American Veterans, U.S.A.

Reserve Officers Association of the United States

Sons of Union Veterans of the Civil War

369th Veterans' Association

United Service Organizations, Incorporated

United States Capitol Historical Society

United States Submarine Veterans of World War II

Veterans of Foreign Wars of the United States

Veterans of World War I of the United States of America, Incorporated

Vietnam Veterans of America, Inc.

Women's Army Corps Veterans' Association

§10102. Reservation of right to amend or repeal

(a) General.—Congress reserves the right to amend or repeal the provisions of part B of this subtitle.

(b) Nonapplication.—Subsection (a) of this section does not apply to chapters 213, 407, 801, 1403, 1503 (except section 150302(b)), 1513, 1517, 1531, and 1539 of this title.

(Pub. L. 105–225, Aug. 12, 1998, 112 Stat. 1283.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised

Section

Source (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
10102 36:20g. June 9, 1906, ch. 3065 §7, 34 Stat. 228.
  36:29. June 15, 1916, ch. 148, §9, 39 Stat. 229.
  36:38a. Mar. 16, 1950, ch. 62, §9, 64 Stat. 24.
  36:51. Sept. 16, 1919, ch. 59, §10, 41 Stat. 285.
  36:59. Aug. 4, 1937, ch. 564, §5, 50 Stat. 559.
  36:67s. July 23, 1947, ch. 298, §20, 61 Stat. 408.
  36:78q. June 17, 1959, Pub. L. 86–47, §18, 73 Stat. 80.
  36:90k. June 17, 1932, ch. 268, §11, 47 Stat. 322.
  36:104. Feb. 24, 1925, ch. 303, §14, 43 Stat. 968.
  36:120. May 28, 1936, ch. 471, §10, 49 Stat. 1391.
  36:140 note. June 6, 1940, ch. 239, §5, 54 Stat. 233.
  36:208. July 1, 1946, ch. 527, §8, 60 Stat. 347.
  36:239. June 30, 1950, ch. 431, §19, 64 Stat. 315.
  36:254 note. May 27, 1914, ch. 101, §2, 38 Stat. 383.
  36:291. Aug. 30, 1950, ch. 823, §21, 64 Stat. 567.
  36:352. Sept. 20, 1950, ch. 958, §12, 64 Stat. 872.
  36:382. Sept. 21, 1950, ch. 975, title I, §112, as added Nov. 8, 1978, Pub. L. 95–606, §1(b), 92 Stat. 3049.
  36:421. Apr. 3, 1952, ch. 131, §21, 66 Stat. 41.
  36:447. Aug. 13, 1953, ch. 427, §17, 67 Stat. 565.
  36:479. Aug. 13, 1953, ch. 429, §19, 67 Stat. 574.
  36:518. July 19, 1954, ch. 536, §18, 68 Stat. 492.
  36:550. Aug. 20, 1954, ch. 774, §20, 68 Stat. 752.
  36:589. Aug. 24, 1954, ch. 911, §19, 68 Stat. 800.
  36:617. Aug. 28, 1954, ch. 1036, §17, 68 Stat. 895.
  36:647. Aug. 4, 1955, ch. 546, §17, 69 Stat. 490.
  36:680. Aug. 1, 1956, ch. 824, §20, 70 Stat. 797.
  36:707. Aug. 6, 1956, ch. 976, §17, 70 Stat. 1056.
  36:780. July 18, 1958, Pub. L. 85–530, §20, 72 Stat. 375.
  36:807. Aug. 14, 1958, Pub. L. 85–642, §17, 72 Stat. 601.
  36:837. Aug. 26, 1958, Pub. L. 85–761, §17, 72 Stat. 859.
  36:868. Aug. 27, 1958, Pub. L. 85–769, §18, 72 Stat. 927.
  36:898. Sept. 2, 1958, Pub. L. 85–870, §18, 72 Stat. 1695.
  36:926. Sept. 2, 1958, Pub. L. 85–903, §16, 72 Stat. 1741.
  36:958. July 14, 1960, Pub. L. 86–653, §18, 74 Stat. 518.
  36:988. Aug. 31, 1960, Pub. L. 86–680, §18, 74 Stat. 577.
  36:1020. Sept. 7, 1962, Pub. L. 87–650, §20, 76 Stat. 506.
  36:1059. Sept. 10, 1962, Pub. L. 87–655, §19, 76 Stat. 534.
  36:1088. July 16, 1964, Pub. L. 88–378, §18, 78 Stat. 328.
  36:1167. Aug. 11, 1971, Pub. L. 92–93, §17, 85 Stat. 319.
  36:1218. Oct. 20, 1978, Pub. L. 95–493, §18, 92 Stat. 1647.
  36:1309(h). Dec. 29, 1979, Pub. L. 96–165, §9(h), 93 Stat. 1272.
  36:1512. Dec. 2, 1980, Pub. L. 96–489, §13, 94 Stat. 2555.
  36:1612. Dec. 4, 1980, Pub. L. 96–497, §13, 94 Stat. 2597.
  36:1712. Nov. 20, 1981, Pub. L. 97–82, §13, 95 Stat. 1093.
  36:1812. Nov. 20, 1981, Pub. L. 97–83, §13, 95 Stat. 1096.
  36:1912. June 1, 1982, Pub. L. 97–192, §13, 96 Stat. 111.
  36:2012. Aug. 9, 1982, Pub. L. 97–231, §13, 96 Stat. 258.
  36:2112. Aug. 10, 1982, Pub. L. 97–234, §13, 96 Stat. 263.
  36:2212. Jan. 8, 1983, Pub. L. 97–427, §13, 96 Stat. 2267.
  36:2312. Apr. 10, 1984, Pub. L. 98–257, §13, 98 Stat. 129.
  36:2412. June 12, 1984, Pub. L. 98–314, §13, 98 Stat. 239.
  36:2512. July 23, 1984, Pub. L. 98–372, §13, 98 Stat. 1241.
  36:2612. Aug. 17, 1984, Pub. L. 98–382, §13, 98 Stat. 1345.
  36:2712. Aug. 21, 1984, Pub. L. 98–391, §13, 98 Stat. 1360.
  36:2812. Oct. 19, 1984, Pub. L. 98–520, §13, 98 Stat. 2430.
  36:2913. Oct. 30, 1984, Pub. L. 98–561, §14, 98 Stat. 2912.
  36:3012. Oct. 30, 1984, Pub. L. 98–565, §13, 98 Stat. 2922.
  36:3112. Oct. 30, 1984, Pub. L. 98–584, §13, 98 Stat. 3099.
  36:3209. Aug. 25, 1937, ch. 762, §9, 50 Stat. 800.
  36:3310. July 5, 1935, ch. 373, §10, 49 Stat. 459.
  36:3418. Oct. 15, 1962, Pub. L. 87–817, §18, 76 Stat. 933.
  36:3612. Oct. 7, 1985, Pub. L. 99–119, §13, 99 Stat. 500.
  36:3712. Dec. 9, 1985, Pub. L. 99–172, §13, 99 Stat. 1022.
  36:3813. May 23, 1986, Pub. L. 99–318, §14, 100 Stat. 476.
  36:3912. Nov. 6, 1986, Pub. L. 99–604, §13, 100 Stat. 3448.
  36:4013. Apr. 6, 1988, Pub. L. 100–281, §14, 102 Stat. 75.
  36:4112. Nov. 14, 1988, Pub. L. 100–655, title I, §113, 102 Stat. 3852.
  36:4206. Apr. 17, 1916, ch. 77, §6, 39 Stat. 52.
  36:4318. July 14, 1964, Pub. L. 88–372, §18, 78 Stat. 318.
  36:4408. June 6, 1900, ch. 806, §8, 31 Stat. 663.
  36:4517. July 14, 1964, Pub. L. 88–376, §17, 78 Stat. 324.
  36:4617. Aug. 19, 1964, Pub. L. 88–449, §17, 78 Stat. 499.
  36:4706. May 31, 1920, ch. 216, §6, 41 Stat. 694.
  36:4812. Nov. 5, 1990, Pub. L. 101–510, title XVI, §1613, 104 Stat. 1738.
  36:4910. Jan. 30, 1913, ch. 21, §10, 37 Stat. 655.
  36:5013. Oct. 23, 1992, Pub. L. 102–484, title XVIII, §1814, 106 Stat. 2583; May 31, 1993, Pub. L. 103–35, title II, §202(a)(13), 107 Stat. 101.
  36:5113. Oct. 23, 1992, Pub. L. 102–484, title XVIII, §1834, 106 Stat. 2586; May 31, 1993, Pub. L. 103–35, title II, §202(a)(13), 107 Stat. 101.
  36:5311. June 30, 1906, ch. 3929, §11, 34 Stat. 808.
  36:5402. Mar. 3, 1901, ch. 876, §2, 31 Stat. 1454; June 29, 1938, ch. 796, 52 Stat. 1226.
  36:5612. Sept. 23, 1996, Pub. L. 104–201, title XVIII, §1813, 110 Stat. 2762.

In subsection (a), the source provisions are restated as a general provision to avoid the need to repeat identical provisions. The words "but no contract or individual right made or acquired shall be divested or impaired" in 36:104 and "but no contract or individual right made or acquired shall thereby be divested or impaired" in 36:5311 are omitted as unnecessary and for consistency in the revised title.

Subsection (b) is added because the chapters referred to in subsection (b) restate laws which Congress did not expressly reserve the right to amend or repeal.

Part B—Organizations


Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

National Foundation on Fitness, Sports, and Nutrition

Pub. L. 111–332, Dec. 22, 2010, 124 Stat. 3576, as amended by Pub. L. 117–286, §4(c)(37), Dec. 27, 2022, 136 Stat. 4358, provided that:

"SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

"This Act may be cited as the 'National Foundation on Fitness, Sports, and Nutrition Establishment Act'.

"SEC. 2. ESTABLISHMENT AND PURPOSE OF FOUNDATION.

"(a) Establishment.—There is established the National Foundation on Fitness, Sports, and Nutrition (hereinafter in this Act referred to as the 'Foundation'). The Foundation is a charitable and nonprofit corporation and is not an agency or establishment of the United States.

"(b) Purposes.—The purposes of the Foundation are—

"(1) in conjunction with the Office of the President's Council on Fitness, Sports and Nutrition, to develop a list and description of programs, events and other activities which would further the purposes and functions outlined in Executive Order 13265 [42 U.S.C. 300u note], as amended, and with respect to which combined private and governmental efforts would be beneficial;

"(2) to encourage and promote the participation by private organizations in the activities referred to in subsection (b)(1) and to encourage and promote private gifts of money and other property to support those activities; and

"(3) in consultation with such Office, to undertake and support activities to further the purposes and functions of such Executive Order.

"(c) Prohibition on Federal Funding.—The Foundation may not accept any Federal funds.

"SEC. 3. BOARD OF DIRECTORS OF THE FOUNDATION.

"(a) Establishment and Membership.—The Foundation shall have a governing Board of Directors (hereinafter referred to in this Act as the 'Board'), which shall consist of 9 members each of whom shall be a United States citizen and—

"(1) 3 of whom should be knowledgeable or experienced in one or more fields directly connected with physical fitness, sports, nutrition, or the relationship between health status and physical exercise; and

"(2) 6 of whom should be leaders in the private sector with a strong interest in physical fitness, sports, nutrition, or the relationship between health status and physical exercise.

The membership of the Board, to the extent practicable, should represent diverse professional specialties relating to the achievement of physical fitness through regular participation in programs of exercise, sports, and similar activities, or to nutrition. The Assistant Secretary for Health, the Executive Director of the President's Council on Fitness, Sports and Nutrition, the Director for the National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, the Director of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, and the Director for the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention shall be ex officio, nonvoting members of the Board. Appointment to the Board or its staff shall not constitute employment by, or the holding of an office of, the United States for the purposes of laws relating to Federal employment.

"(b) Appointments.—Within 90 days from the date of enactment of this Act [Dec. 22, 2010], the members of the Board shall be appointed by the Secretary [probably means the Secretary of Health and Human Services] in accordance with this subsection. In selecting individuals for appointments to the Board, the Secretary should consult with—

"(1) the Speaker of the House of Representatives concerning the appointment of one member;

"(2) the Majority Leader of the House of Representatives concerning the appointment of one member;

"(3) the Majority Leader of the Senate concerning the appointment of one member;

"(4) the President Pro Tempore concerning the appointment of one member;

"(5) the Minority Leader of the House of Representatives concerning the appointment of one member; and

"(6) the Minority Leader of the Senate concerning the appointment of one member.

"(c) Terms.—The members of the Board shall serve for a term of 6 years, except that the original members of the Board shall be appointed for staggered terms as determined appropriate by the Secretary. A vacancy on the Board shall be filled within 60 days of the vacancy in the same manner in which the original appointment was made and shall be for the balance of the term of the individual who was replaced. No individual may serve more than 2 consecutive terms as a member.

"(d) Chairman.—The Chairman shall be elected by the Board from its members for a 2-year term and shall not be limited in terms or service, other than as provided in subsection (c).

"(e) Quorum.—A majority of the current membership of the Board shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business.

"(f) Meetings.—The Board shall meet at the call of the Chairman at least once a year. If a member misses 3 consecutive regularly scheduled meetings, that member may be removed from the Board and the vacancy filled in accordance with subsection (c).

"(g) Reimbursement of Expenses.—Members of the Board shall serve without pay, but may be reimbursed for the actual and necessary traveling and subsistence expenses incurred by them in the performance of the duties of the Foundation, subject to the same limitations on reimbursement that are imposed upon employees of Federal agencies.

"(h) Limitations.—The following limitations apply with respect to the appointment of employees of the Foundation:

"(1) Employees may not be appointed until the Foundation has sufficient funds to pay them for their service. No individual so appointed may receive a salary in excess of the annual rate of basic pay in effect for Executive Level V [5 U.S.C. 5316] in the Federal service. A member of the Board may not receive compensation for serving as an employee of the Foundation.

"(2) The first employee appointed by the Board shall be the Secretary of the Board who shall serve, at the direction of the Board, as its chief operating officer and shall be knowledgeable and experienced in matters relating to physical fitness, sports, and nutrition.

"(3) No Public Health Service employee nor the spouse or dependent relative of such an employee may serve as a member of the Board of Directors or as an employee of the Foundation.

"(4) Any individual who is an employee or member of the Board of the Foundation may not (in accordance with the policies developed under subsection (i)) personally or substantially participate in the consideration or determination by the Foundation of any matter that would directly or predictably affect any financial interest of—

"(A) the individual or a relative (as such term is defined in section 13101(16) of title 5, United States Code) of the individual; or

"(B) any business organization, or other entity, of which the individual is an officer or employee, is negotiating for employment, or in which the individual has any other financial interest.

"(i) General Powers.—The Board may complete the organization of the Foundation by—

"(1) appointing employees;

"(2) adopting a constitution and bylaws consistent with the purposes of the Foundation and the provision of this Act; and

"(3) undertaking such other acts as may be necessary to carry out the provisions of this Act.

In establishing bylaws under this subsection, the Board shall provide for policies with regard to financial conflicts of interest and ethical standards for the acceptance, solicitation and disposition of donations and grants to the Foundation.

"SEC. 4. POWERS AND DUTIES OF THE FOUNDATION.

"(a) In General.—The Foundation—

"(1) shall have perpetual succession;

"(2) may conduct business throughout the several States, territories, and possessions of the United States;

"(3) shall have its principal offices in or near the District of Columbia; and

"(4) shall at all times maintain a designated agent authorized to accept service of process for the Foundation.

The serving of notice to, or service of process upon, the agent required under paragraph (4), or mailed to the business address of such agent, shall be deemed as service upon or notice to the Foundation.

"(b) Seal.—The Foundation shall have an official seal selected by the Board which may be used as provided for in section 5.

"(c) Incorporation; Nonprofit Status.—To carry out the purposes of the Foundation under section 2, the Board shall—

"(1) incorporate the Foundation in the District of Columbia; and

"(2) establish such policies and bylaws as may be necessary to ensure that the Foundation maintains status as an organization that is described in section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 [26 U.S.C. 501(c)(3)].

"(d) Powers.—Subject to the specific provisions of section 2, the Foundation, in consultation with the Office of the President's Council on Fitness, Sports, and Nutrition, shall have the power, directly or by the awarding of contracts or grants, to carry out or support activities for the purposes described in such section.

"(e) Treatment of Property.—For purposes of this Act, an interest in real property shall be treated as including easements or other rights for preservation, conservation, protection, or enhancement by and for the public of natural, scenic, historic, scientific, educational inspirational or recreational resources. A gift, devise, or bequest may be accepted by the Foundation even though it is encumbered, restricted, or subject to beneficial interests of private persons if any current or future interest therein is for the benefit of the Foundation.

"SEC. 5. PROTECTION AND USES OF TRADEMARKS AND TRADE NAMES.

"(a) Trademarks of the Foundation.—Authorization for a contributor, or a supplier of goods or services, to use, in advertising regarding the contribution, goods, or services, the trade name of the Foundation, or any trademark, seal, symbol, insignia, or emblem of the Foundation may be provided only by the Foundation with the concurrence of the Secretary or the Secretary's designee.

"(b) Trademarks of the Council.—Authorization for a contributor or supplier described in subsection (a) to use, in such advertising, the trade name of the President's Council on Fitness, Sports, and Nutrition, or any trademark, seal, symbol, insignia, or emblem of such Council, may be provided—

"(1) by the Secretary or the Secretary's designee; or

"(2) by the Foundation with the concurrence of the Secretary or the Secretary's designee.

"SEC. 6. AUDIT, REPORT REQUIREMENTS, AND PETITION OF ATTORNEY GENERAL FOR EQUITABLE RELIEF.

"(a) Audits.—For purposes of the Act entitled 'An Act for audit of accounts of private corporations established under Federal law', approved August 30, 1964 (Public Law 88–504, [former] 36 U.S.C. 1101–1103 [see 36 U.S.C. 10101]), the Foundation shall be treated as a private corporation under Federal law. The Inspector General of the Department of Health and Human Services and the Comptroller General of the United States shall have access to the financial and other records of the Foundation, upon reasonable notice.

"(b) Report.—The Foundation shall, not later than 60 days after the end of each fiscal year, transmit to the Secretary and to Congress a report of its proceedings and activities during such year, including a full and complete statement of its receipts, expenditures, and investments.

"(c) Relief With Respect to Certain Foundation Acts or Failure To Act.—If the Foundation—

"(1) engages in, or threatens to engage in, any act, practice or policy that is inconsistent with its purposes set forth in section 2(b); or

"(2) refuses, fails, or neglects to discharge its obligations under this Act, or threaten[s] to do so;

the Attorney General of the United States may petition in the United States District Court for the District of Columbia for such equitable relief as may be necessary or appropriate."